INSTRUCTION MANUAL
IN 201 Rev. A 08/02
Providing Exceptional Consumer Optical Products Since 1975
Customer Support (800)676-1343
E-mail: support@telescope.com
Corporate Offices (831)763-7000
P.O. Box 1815, Santa Cruz, CA 95061
Orion
®
StarBlast
™
#9814 4.5" Altazimuth Reflector Tabletop Telescope
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Figure 1.
The StarBlast.
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StarBlast parts:
17mm Explorer II eyepiece
The eyepiece is the part of the telescope that you actu-
ally look through to see things.The focal length of the
eyepiece and the telescope determines the magnifying
power. Magnification is discussed in more detail in the
Using Y our T elescope section.
EZ Finder II reflex sight
This is a special “finder” that helps you aim the tele-
scope and locate objects in the sky for viewing. The EZ
Finder II generates a red LED “dot” that shows where
your telescope is aimed.The use of the EZ Finder II is
discussed in the Getting Started section.
Optical tube
This is the main component of the telescope.
Focuser
This is where the eyepiece is placed, and it is where
you focus.Details of the focuser are shown in Figure 2.
Tube clamp
This clamp connects the optical tube to the wood base.
Altitude tension adjustment knob
By tightening or loosening this knob, you can change
the amount tension in the altitude (up/down) motion of
the telescope.
Mirror cell
This contains the primary mirror as well as the colli-
mation thumbscrews that are used to optically align the
primary mirror. This is explained in Appendix A:
Aligning the Mirrors.
Altazimuth base
This wooden base provides a stable mount for the tele-
scope. It allows you to move the telescope in altitude
(up/down) and azimuth (left/right).
Carrying handle
This convenient handle built into the base allo ws you to
easily carry the StarBlast to your viewing location.The
carrying handle is also a handy place to put your other
hand when aiming the telescope. See Using Your
Telescope for more details.
Eyepiece rack
A handy metal rack in which to store your e xtra ey epieces.
6mm Explorer II eyepiece
The higher-power eyepiece that comes with the StarBlast
Eyepieces are discussed in the Magnification section.
Rubber feet
Three feet provide support for the StarBlast and are
skid free. This allows you to place the StarBlast on
smooth surfaces.
Figure 2 shows detail of the focuser
Focus Wheels
The focus wheels are used to bring objects into focus.
By turning them, you move the rack-and-pinion
focuser (4) in and out.
Eyepiece securing thumbscrews
These thumbscrews are used to keep the eyepiece (1)
secure in the focuser (4).
Items not shown
Primary Mirror
The parabolic mirror at the rear of the optical tube (3)
gathers incoming light and focuses it with its parabolic
shape.The primary mirror has a small center-mark that
is explained in Appendix A. This center-mar k should
not be removed.
Secondary Mirror
The secondary mirror is located near the opening of the
optical tube (3) and reflects the focused light from the
primary mirror into the eyepiece (1).
Collimation cap
This small cap fits in the focuser and is used to aid in
aligning of the optics. This process is explained in
Appendix A.
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Congratulations on your purchase of an Orion StarBlast telescope.Your new StarBlast is easy to use
and requires very little assembly.The StarBlast will giv e y ou breathtaking views of the Moon, planets , and
even deep sky objects like the Orion Nebula. These instructions will help you set up and use your
StarBlast telescope, please read them thoroughly.
Figure 2.
Details of the
focuser.
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Table of Contents
Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Using Your Telescope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Care and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Appendix A:Aligning the Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendix B:Cleaning the Optics . . . . . . . . . .11
Assembly
Assembly of the StarBlast is very easy.You just remove it from
its packaging, place the telescope on a table or other flat surface and locate the follo wing accessories:
1 EZ Finder II reflex sight (2)
1 17mm Explorer II eyepiece (1)
1 6mm Explorer II eyepiece (11)
Attaching the EZ Finder II
Remove the two metal thumbnuts from the optical tube
(Figure 3). Place the bracket of the EZ Finder II (2) on the
tube so that the holes in the bracket slide over the two threaded posts on the tube. The EZ Finder should be oriented so
that it appears as in Figure 1.Thread the thumbnuts back onto
the posts to secure the EZ Finder II in place.
Inserting the Eyepiece
Loosen the eyepiece securing thumbscrews (14).Insert the
chrome barrel of the 17mm Explorer II eyepiece (1) into the
focuser (4) and secure it with the thumbscrews.You can place
the 6mm Explorer II eyepiece (11) in the eyepiece rack (10)
for use later.
Your telescope is now fully assembled and should resemble
Figure 1. Remove the dust cap from the front of the telescope
when it is in use.Replace it when you are finished observing.
Getting Started
It’s best to get a feel for the basic functions of the StarBlast during the day, before observing astronomical objects at night. This
way you won’t have to orient yourself in the dark! Find a spot
outdoors where you’ll have plenty of room to move the telescope, and where you’ll have a clear view of some object or
vista that is at least 1/4 mile away. It is not cr itical that the telescope be exactly level, but it should be placed on something
relatively flat to ensure smooth movement.
The StarBlast was designed specifically for visual observation of
astronomical objects in the night sky. Like all Newtonian reflector telescopes, it is not well suited for daytime terrestrial usage
because the image in the eyepiece is inv erted (upside-down).
Placing the StarBlast
One of the great assets of the StarBlast is its extremely portable
size. Due to its overall short height, you will find that viewing
while sitting down on the ground next to the telescope is the
most comfortable. If you wish to raise the telescope off the
ground so that it can be used while standing or sitting in a chair,
then a platform, such as a milk crate or table, can be used.
Altitude and Azimuth (Aiming the Telescope)
The StarBlast altazimuth base (5) per mits motion along two
axes: altitude (up/down) and azimuth (left/right). See Figure 4.
Moving the telescope up/down and right/left is the “natural”way
people aim objects which makes pointing the telescope intuitive
and easy.
Simply take hold of the telescope tube (Figure 5) and move it left
or right so that the base rotates.Move it up or down in the same
manner. Both motions can be made simultaneously and in a
continuous manner for easy aiming.This way you can point to
any position in the night sky, from horizon to horizon.
You may find it convenient to hold one hand near the carrying
handle (9) to steady it while moving and aiming the telescope.
If you find that it is too hard to put your eye up to the eyepiece
(1), you can rotate the tube by loosening the knob on the tube
clamp (5) and rotating the optical tube (3) until the focuser (4)
is in a convenient position.
When aiming the telescope in altitude, you may find that the
optical tube (3) is either too hard to move or does not stay in
place. Use the altitude adjustment tension knob (6) to
change the amount of tension between the tube clamp (5) and
the altazimuth base (8) to find the right level of tension to properly move and balance the telescope.
Figure 3. The EZ Finder II securing thumbnuts.
WARNING: Never look directly at the
Sun through your telescope or its finder
scope—even for an instant—without
a professionally made solar filter that
completely covers the front of the
instrument, or permanent eye damage
could result.Young children should use this
telescope only with adult supervision.
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Focusing the Telescope
With the 17mm Kellner eyepiece (1) inserted into the
focuser (4) and secured with the thumbscrews, aim the optical tube (3) so the front (open) end is pointing in the general
direction of an object at least 1/4-mile away.With your fingers,
slowly rotate one of the focus wheels (15) until the object
comes into sharp focus.Go a little bit beyond sharp focus until
the image starts to blur again, then reverse the rotation of the
knob, just to make sure you’ve hit the exact focus point.
Operating the EZ Finder II reflex finder
The EZ Finder II reflex finder (2) (Figure 6) works by project-
ing a tiny red dot onto a lens mounted in the front of the unit.
When you look through the EZ Finder II, the red dot will
appear to float in space.The red dot is produced by a lightemitting diode (LED), not a laser beam, near the rear of the
sight. A replaceable 3-volt lithium battery provides the power
for the diode.
Do You Wear Eyeglasses?
If you wear eyeglasses, you may be able to keep them on
while you observe.In order to do this, your eyepiece must
have enough “e ye relief”to allow you to see the entire field
of view with glasses on.You can try looking through the
eyepiece first with your glasses on and then with them off ,
to see if the glasses restrict the view to only a portion of
the full field. If the glasses do restrict the field of view, you
may be able to observe with your glasses off by just refocusing the telescope to your unaided vision.
If your eyes are astigmatic, images will probably appear
best with glasses on. This is because a telescope’s
focuser can accommodate for nearsightedness or farsightedness, but not astigmatism.If you have to wear your
glasses while observing
and cannot see the
entire field of view, you
may want to purchase
additional eyepieces
that have longer eye
relief.
Short
eye relief
restricts
the field
of view
for
eyeglass
wearers.
Long eye
relief allows
full field
of view to
be seen with
or without
eyeglasses.
Figure 4. The StarBlast has two axes of motion:altitude
(up/down) and azimuth (left/right).
Altitude
Azimuth
Figure 5. Try grasping the telescope as shown for easiest pointing.
One hand moves the telescope from the front of the tube while the
other hand remains on the handle to keep the telescope steady.
Figure 6. The EZ Finder II reflex sight.
Power Knob
Azimuth
adjustment
Knob
Battery
casing
Mounting bracket
Altitude
adjustment
Knob
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To use the EZ Finder II, turn the power knob clockwise until
you hear a “click” indicating that power has been turned on.
With your eye positioned at a comfortable distance, look
through the back of the reflex sight with both ey es open to see
the red dot. The intensity of the dot can be adjusted by turning the power knob.For best results when stargazing, use the
dimmest possible setting that allows you to see the dot without difficulty.Typically, a dim setting is used under dark skies
and a bright setting is used under light-polluted skies or in
daylight.
At the end of your observing session, be sure to turn the
power knob counterclockwise until it clicks off.When the two
white dots on the EZ Finder II’s rail and power knob are lined
up, the EZ Finder II is turned off.
Aligning the EZ Finder II
When the EZ Finder II is properly aligned with the telescope,
an object that is centered on the EZ Finder II’s red dot should
also appear in the center of the field of view of the telescope’s
eyepiece. Alignment of the EZ Finder II is easiest during daylight, before observing at night. Aim the telescope at a distant
object at least 1/4 mile away, such as a telephone pole or
chimney and center it in the telescope’s eyepiece. Now, turn
the EZ Finder II on and look through it. The object will appear
in the field of view near the red dot.
Note: Remember that the image in the eyepiece of the
StarBlast will be upside-down (rotated 180°).This is normal for Newtonian reflector telescopes.
Without moving the telescope, use the EZ Finder II’s azimuth
(left/right) and altitude (up/down) adjustment knobs to position
the red dot on the object in the eyepiece.
When the red dot is centered on the distant object, check to
make sure that the object is still centered in the telescope’s
field of view. If not, recenter it and adjust the EZ Finder II’s
alignment again.When the object is centered in the eyepiece
and on the red dot, the EZ Finder II is properly aligned with
the telescope. Figure 7 shows how the view through the EZ
Finder may look while you are aligning it.
Once aligned, EZ Finder II will usually hold its alignment even
after being removed and remounted.Otherwise, only minimal
realignment will be needed.
Replacing the EZ Finder II Battery
Replacement 3-volt lithium batteries for the EZ Finder II are
available from many retail outlets. Remove the old battery by
inserting a small flat-head screwdriver into the slot on the battery casing (Figure 6) and gently prying open the case. Then
carefully pull back on the retaining clip and remove the old
battery.Do not overbend the retaining clip. Slide the new battery under the battery lead with the positive (+) side facing
down and replace the battery casing.
Using your telescope
Choosing an Observing Site
When selecting a location for observing, get as far away as
possible from direct artificial light such as street lights, porch
lights, and automobile headlights.The glare from these lights
will greatly impair your dark-adapted night vision. Avoid viewing over rooftops and chimneys, as they often have warm air
currents rising from them. Similarly, avoid observing from
indoors through an open (or closed) window, because the
temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor air will
cause image blurring and distortion.
If at all possible, escape the light-polluted city sky and head
for darker country skies.You’ll be amazed at how many more
stars and deep-sky objects are visible in a dark sky!
Light Pollution
Most of us live where city lights interfere with our view of
the heavens.As our metropolitan areas have become
more developed, the scourge of light pollution has
spread, washing out many stars and nonstellar celestial
objects from our sight. Faint deep sky objects become
difficult or impossible to see through the murk of light pollution. Even bright nebulas like the Orion and Lagoon
Nebulas lose much of their delicate detail.The Moon and
planets are not affected;they require steady air more
than dark skies, so they remain good targets for citydwelling observers.
The International Dark-Sky Association is waging the
fight against light pollution.The IDSA was founded in
1988 with the mission of educating the public about the
adverse impact that light pollution has on the night sky
and astronomy.Through educational and scientific
means, the nonprofit IDA works to raise awareness about
the problem and about measures that can be taken to
solve it.
Do you need help dealing with local officials to control
street or building lighting in your area? The IDA’s extensive support materials can show you how. Help preserve
dark skies, join the IDA today! For information, write to
IDA, 3225 N.First Ave., Tuscon, AZ 85719-2103 or visit
their website: www.darksky.org.
The best way to avoid immediate problems with light pollution, however, is to take you telescope to where there
are dark skies.You will be amazed at how many stars
you can see when you get away from the city lights.
Figure 7. The
EZ Finder II
superimposes a
tiny red dot on the
sky, showing right
where the
telescope is
pointed.
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“Seeing” and Transparency
Atmospheric conditions vary significantly from night to night.
“Seeing” refers to the steadiness of the Earth’s atmosphere at
a given time.In conditions of poor seeing, atmospheric turbulence causes objects viewed through the telescope to “boil”.
If, when you look up at the sky with your nak ed e yes, the stars
are twinkling noticeably, the seeing is bad and you will be limited to viewing with low powers (bad seeing affects images at
high powers more sev erely).Planetary observing may also be
poor.
In conditions of good seeing, star twinkling is minimal and
images appear steady in the eyepiece. Seeing is best overhead, worst at the horizon. Also, seeing generally gets better
after midnight, when much of the heat absorbed by the Earth
during the day has radiated off into space.
Especially important for observing faint objects is good “transparency” - air free of moisture, smoke, and dust. All tend to
scatter light, which reduces an object’s brightness.
Transparency is judged by the magnitude of the faintest stars
you can see with the unaided eye (6th magnitude or fainter is
desirable).
If you cannot see stars of magnitude 3.5 or dimmer then conditions are poor.Magnitude is a measure of how bright a star
is - the brighter a star is, the lower its magnitude will be. A
good star to remember for this is Megrez (mag.3.4), which is
the star in the “Big Dipper” connecting the handle to the “dipper”. If you cannot see Megrez, then you have fog, haze,
clouds, smog, or other conditions that are hindering your
viewing.(See Figure 8)
Tracking Celestial Objects
The Earth is constantly rotating about its polar axis, completing one full rotation every 24 hours; this is what defines a
“day”.We do not feel the Earth rotating, but we see it at night
from the apparent movement of stars from east to west.
When you observe any astronomical object, you are watching
a moving target.This means the telescope’s position must be
continuously adjusted over time to keep an object in the field
of view. This is easy to do with the StarBlast because of its
smooth motions on both axes. As the object moves off
towards the edge of the field of view, just lightly nudge the telescope to re-center it.
Objects appear to move across the field of view f aster at higher magnifications.This is because the field of view becomes
narrower.
Eyepiece Selection
By using eyepieces of different focal lengths, it is possible to
attain many magnifications or powers with the StarBlast.Your
telescope comes with two Kellner eyepieces (Figure 9): a
17mm, which gives a magnification of 26x, and a 6mm, which
gives a magnification of 75x. Other eyepieces can be used to
achieve higher or lower powers. It is quite common for an
observer to own five or more eyepieces to access a wide
range of magnifications.
To calculate the magnification of a telescope-eyepiece combination, simply divide the focal length of the telescope by the
focal length of the eyepiece.
Telescope Focal Length (mm) ÷ Eyepiece Focal
Length(mm) = Magnification
For example, the StarBlast, which has a focal length of
450mm, used in combination with the 17mm eyepiece, yields
a magnification of
450mm ÷ 17mm = 26x
Whatever you choose to view, always start by inserting your
lowest-power (longest focal length) eyepiece to locate and
center the object. Low magnification yields a wide field of
view, which shows a larger area of sky in the eyepiece.This
makes finding and centering an object much easier.Trying to
find and center objects with a high power (narrow field of view)
eyepiece is like trying to find a needle in a haystack!
Once you’ve centered the object in the eyepiece, you can
switch to a higher magnification (shorter focal length) eye-
Figure 8. Megrez connects the Big Dipper’s handle to it's “pan”.
It is a good guide to how conditions are. If you can not see Megrez
(a 3.4 mag star) then conditions are poor.
Figure 9. The 17mm and 6mm Explorer II eyepieces.
1.9
4.9
2.4
1.9
2.4
1.7
3.4
2.5
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piece, if you wish.This is recommended for small and bright
objects, like planets and double stars.The Moon also takes
higher magnifications well.
The best rule of thumb with eyepiece selection is to start with
a low power, wide-field eyepiece, and then work your way up
in magnification. If the object looks better, try an even higher
magnification eyepiece. If the object looks worse, then back
off the magnification a little by using a lower-power eyepiece.
What to Expect
So what will you see with your telescope? You should be able
to see bands on Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, craters on the
Moon, the waxing and waning of Venus, and many bright
deep-sky objects. Do not expect to see color as you do in
NASA photos, since those are taken with long-exposure cameras and have “false color” added. Our eyes are not sensitive
enough to see color in deep-sky objects except in a fe w of the
brightest ones.
Remember that you are seeing these objects using your own
telescope with your own eyes! The object you see in your e y epiece is in real-time, and not some conveniently provided
image from an expensive space probe. Each session with
your telescope will be a learning experience. Each time you
work with your telescope it will get easier to use, and stellar
objects will become easier to find.Take it from us, there is big
difference between looking at a well-made full-color NASA
image of a deep-sky object in a lit room during the daytime,
and seeing that same object in your telescope at night. One
can merely be a pretty image someone gave to you.The other
is an experience you will never forget!
Objects to Observe
Now that you are all set up and ready to go, one critical decision must be made: what to look at?
The Moon
With its rocky surface, the Moon is one of the easiest and
most interesting targets to view with your telescope. Lunar
craters, marias, and even mountain ranges can all be clearly
seen from a distance of 238,000 miles away! With its everchanging phases, you’ll get a new view of the Moon every
night.The best time to observe our one and only natural satellite is during a partial phase, that is, when the Moon is NOT
full. During partial phases, shadows are cast on the surface,
which reveal more detail, especially right along the border
between the dark and light portions of the disk (called the “terminator”). A full Moon is too bright and devoid of surface
shadows to yield a pleasing view. Make sure to observe the
Moon when it is well above the horizon to get the sharpest
images.
Use an optional Moon filter to dim the Moon when it is very
bright. It simply threads onto the bottom of the eyepieces (you
must first remove the eyepiece from the focuser to attach a filter).You’ll find that the Moon filter improves viewing comfort,
and also helps to bring out subtle features on the lunar surface.
B.The Sun
You can change your nighttime telescope into a daytime Sun
viewer by installing an optional full-aperture solar filter over
the front opening of the StarBlast. The pr imary attraction is
sunspots, which change shape, appearance, and location
daily. Sunspots are directly related to magnetic activity in the
Sun. Many observers like to make drawings of sunspots to
monitor how the Sun is changing from day to day.
Important Note: Do not look at the Sun with any optical
instrument without a professionally made solar filter, or
permanent eye damage could result. Do not use the EZ
Finder when solar viewing either .
C.The Planets
Planets, being in our own solar system and having their own
orbits, do not stay at “fixed” locations like the stars do.So to
find them you should refer to Sky Calendar at our website (telescope.com), or to charts published monthly in Astronomy,
Sky & Telescope, or other astronomy magazines. Venus,
Jupiter, and Saturn are the brightest objects in the sky after
the Sun and the Moon.Your StarBlast is capable of showing
you these planets in some detail.Other planets may be visible
but will likely appear star-like.Because planets are quite small
in apparent size, optional higher-power eyepieces are recommended and often needed for detailed observations. Not all
the planets are generally visible at any one time.
JUPITER: The largest planet, Jupiter, is a great subject for
observation. You can see the disk of the giant planet and
watch the ever-changing positions of its four largest moons Io, Callisto, Europa, and Ganymede.
SATURN:The ringed planet is a breathtaking sight when it is
well positioned.The tilt angle of the rings varies over a period
of many years; sometimes they are seen edge-on, while at
other times they are broadside and look like giant “ears” on
each side of Saturn’s disk. A steady atmosphere (good seeing) is necessary for a good view. You will probably see a
bright “star” close by, which is Saturn’s brightest moon, Titan.
VENUS: At its brightest, Venus is the most luminous object in
the sky, excluding the Sun and the Moon. It is so bright that
Magnification Limits
Every telescope has a useful magnification limit of about
2X per millimeter of aperture. This comes to 226X for the
StarBlast. Some telescope manufacturers will use misleading claims of excess magnification, such as “See
distant galaxies at 640X!”. While such magnifications are
technically possible, the actual image at that magnification would be an indistinct blur.
Moderate magnifications are what give the best views.It
is better to view a small, but bright and detailed image
than a dim, unclear, oversized image.
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sometimes it is visible to the naked eye during full daylight!
Ironically, Venus appears as a thin crescent, not a full disk,
when at its peak brightness.Because it is so close to the Sun,
it never wanders too far from the morning or evening horizon.
No surface markings can be seen on Venus, which is always
shrouded in dense clouds.
D.The Stars
Stars will appear like twinkling points of light. Even powerful
telescopes cannot magnify stars to appear as more than a
point of light.You can, however, enjoy the different colors of
the stars and locate many pretty double and multiple stars.
The gorgeous two-color double star Albireo in Cygnus is a
fav orites.Defocusing a star slightly can help bring out its color.
E. Deep-Sky Objects
Under dark skies, you can observe a wealth of fascinating
deep-sky objects, including gaseous nebulas, open and globular star clusters, and a variety of different types of galaxies.
Most deep-sky objects are very faint, so it is important that
you find an observing site well away from light pollution.Take
plenty of time to let your eyes adjust to the darkness.Do not
expect these subjects to appear like the photographs you see
in books and magazines; most will look like dim gray
smudges. Our eyes are not sensitive enough to see color in
deep-sky objects except in a few of the brightest ones. But as
you become more experienced and your observing skills get
sharper, you will be able to ferret out more and more subtle
details and structure.
To find deep sky objects in the sky, it is best to consult a star
chart or Planisphere. These guides will help you locate the
brightest and best deep-sky objects for viewing with your
StarBlast .
You can also try low-power scanning of the Milky W a y. Use the
17mm eyepiece and just cruise through the “star clouds” of
our galaxy. You’ll be amazed at the rich fields of stars and
objects you’ll see! The Milky Wa y is best observed on summer
and winter evenings.
Care and Maintenance
If you give your telescope reasonable care, it will last a lifetime. Store it in a clean, dry, dust-free place, safe from rapid
temperature changes and humidity .Do not store the telescope
outdoors, although storage in a garage or shed is OK. Small
components like eyepiece and other accessories should be
kept in a protective box or storage case. Keep the dust caps
on the front of the scope and on the focuser when it is not in
use.
The telescope requires very little mechanical maintenance.
The optical tube is made of steel and has a smooth painted
finish that is fairly scratch resistant. If a scratch does appear
on the tube, it will not harm the telescope. Smudges on the
tube can be wiped off with e soft cloth and a household cleaner such as Windex or Formula 409.
Refer to Appendix B for detailed instructions on how to clean
the optics of the StarBlast.
Specifications
Primary mirror: Parabolic, center marked
Primary mirror diameter: 113mm
Secondary mirror minor axis: 34.3mm
Mirror coatings: Aluminum with Si
O
2
overcoat
Focal length:450mm
Focal ratio:f/4.0
Focuser: Rack-and-pinion, accepts 1.25" eyepieces
Eyepieces:17mm and 6mm Explorer II, 1.25"
Magnification: 26x (with 17mm), 75x (with 6mm)
Finder: EZ Finder II reflex sight
Mount:Altazimuth, wood base, eyepiece rac k, integ ral carry handle
Weight:13 lbs.
Tube Length:18"
Tube Outer Diameter: 5.5"
Appendix A: Aligning the
Mirrors
Your telescope’s optics were aligned at the factory , and should
not need much adjustment unless the telescope is handled
roughly. Accurate mirror alignment is impor tant to ensure the
peak performance of your telescope, so it should be checked
regularly .Collimating (aligning the mirrors) is relatively easy to
do and can be done in daylight.
To check collimation (mirror alignment), remove the eyepiece
and look down the focuser (4) .You should see the secondary
mirror (16) centered in the drawtube, as well as the reflection
of the primary mirror (15) centered in the secondar y mirror,
and the reflection of the secondary mirror (and your eye) centered in the reflection of the primary mirror, as in Figure 10a.If
anything is off-center, as in Figure 10b, proceed with the following collimation procedure.
The Collimation Cap and Mirror Center Mark
Your StarBlast comes with a collimation cap (17). This is a
simple cap that fits on the focuser like a dust cap, but has a
hole in the center and a silver bottom.This helps center your
eye so that collimating is easy to perform. Figures 10b, c, d
and e assume you have the collimation cap in place.
In addition to the collimation cap, the primary mirror is marked
with a ring with the hole exactly at the center of the primary
mirror.This is of great help in collimating the primary mirror
since you can center the dot of the collimation cap in the middle of the ring.
Note:The center ring sticker need not ever be removed
from the primary mirror. Because it lies directly in the
shadow of the secondary mirror, its presence in no way
adversely affects the optical performance of the telescope or the image quality. That might seem
counterintuitive, but it’s true!
10
Aligning the Secondary Mirror
With the collimation cap in place, look through the hole in the
cap at the secondary (diagonal) mirror. Ignore the reflections
for the time being.The secondary mirror itself should be centered in the focuser drawtube, in the direction parallel to the
length of the telescope. If it isn’t, as in Figure 10b, it must be
adjusted.This adjustment will rarely, if ever need to be done.
It helps to adjust the secondary mirror in a brightly lit room with
the telescope pointed towards a bright surface, such as white
paper or wall. Also placing a piece of white paper in the telescope tube opposite the focuser (in other words, on the other
side of the secondary mirror) will also be helpful in collimating
the secondary mirror. Using a 2mm hex key, loosen the three
small alignment set screws in the center hub of the 4-vaned
spider several turns.Now hold the secondary mirror holder stationary (be careful not to touch the surface of the secondary
mirror), while turning the center screw with a Phillips head
screwdriver (See Figure 11).Turning the screw clockwise will
move the secondary mirror toward the front opening of the
optical tube, while turning the screw counter-clockwise will
move the secondary mirror toward the primary mirror.
Note:When making these adjustments, be careful not to
stress the spider vanes or they may bend.
When the secondary mirror is centered in the focuser drawtube, rotate the secondary mirror holder until the reflection of
the primary mirror is as centered in the secondar y mirror as
possible.It may not be perfectly centered, but that is OK. Now
tighten the three small alignment screws equally to secure the
secondary mirror in that position.
If the entire primary mirror reflection is not visible in the secondary mirror, as in Figure 10c; you will need to adjust the tilt
of the secondary mirror.This is done by alternately loosening
one of the three alignment set screws while tightening the
other two, as depicted in Figure 12.The goal is to center the
primary mirror reflection in the secondar y mirror, as in figure
10d. Don’t worry that the reflection of the secondar y mirror
(the smallest circle, with the collimation cap “dot” in the center) is off-center.You will fix that in the next step.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Figure 10. Collimating the optics.(a) When the mirrors
are properly aligned, the view down the focuser drawtube
should look like this.(b) With the collimation cap in place, if
the optics are out of alignment, the view might look
something like this.(c) Here, the secondary mirror is
centered under the focuser, but it needs to be adjusted
(tilted) so that the entire primary mirror is visible. (d) The
secondary mirror is correctly aligned, but the primary mirror
still needs adjustment.When the primary mirror is correctly
aligned, the “dot” will be centered, as in (e).
Figure 12.
Adjust the tilt of
the secondary
mirror by
loosening or
tightening the
three alignment
set screws with a
2mm hex key.
Alignment set screws (3)
Figure 11. To
center the
secondary mirror
under the focuser,
hold the
secondary mirror
holder in place
with your fingers
while adjusting the
center screw with
the Phillips head
screwdriver.Do
not touch the
mirror’s surface.
11
Aligning the Primary Mirror
The final adjustment is made to the primary mirror.It will need
adjustment if, as in Figure 10d, the secondary mirror is centered under the focuser and the reflection of the primary
mirror is centered in the secondary mirror, but the small reflection of the secondary mirror (with the “dot” of the collimation
cap) is off-center.
The tilt of the primary mirror is adjusted with three springloaded collimation thumbscrews on the back end of the optical
tube (bottom of the primary mirror cell); these are the wide
thumbscrews.The other three thin thumbscrews lock the mirror’s position in place; these thin thumbscrews must be
loosened before any collimation adjustments can be made to
the primary mirror.
To start, turn the thin thumbscrews that lock the primary mirror in place a few turns each.(Figure 13)
Now, try tightening or loosening one of the wide collimation
thumbscrews with your fingers (Figure 14). Look into the
focuser and see if the secondary mirror reflection has moved
closer to the center of the primary. You can tell this easily with
the collimation cap and mirror center mark by simply watching
to see if the “dot”of the collimation cap is moving closer or further away from being centered in the “ring” of the primary
mirror mark. When you have that dot centered as much as is
possible in the ring, your primary mirror is collimated.The view
through the collimation cap should resemble Figure 10e.Retighten the locking thumbscrews.
A simple star test will tell you whether the optics are accurately collimated.
Star-Testing the Telescope
When it is dark, point the telescope at a bright star and accurately center it in the eyepiece’s field of view. Slowly de-focus the
image with the focusing knob.If the telescope is correctly collimated, the expanding disk should be a perfect circle (Figure 15).
If the image is unsymmetrical, the scope is out of collimation.The
dark shadow cast by the secondary mirror should appear in the
very center of the out-of-focus circle, like the hole in a donut.If
the “hole”appears off-center, the telescope is out of collimation.
If you try the star test and the bright star you have selected is not
accurately centered in the eyepiece, the optics will always
appear out of collimation, even though they may be perfectly
aligned. It is critical to keep the star centered, so over time you
will need to make slight corrections to the telescope’s position in
order to account for the sky’ s apparent motion.
Appendix B: Cleaning the
Optics
Cleaning Lenses
Any quality optical lens cleaning tissue and optical lens cleaning fluid specifically designed for multi-coated optics can be
used to clean the exposed lenses of your eyepieces. Never
use regular glass cleaner or cleaning fluid designed for eyeglasses
Before cleaning with fluid and tissue, blow any loose particles
off the lens with a blower bulb or compressed air.Then apply
some cleaning fluid to a tissue, never directly on the optics.
Wipe the lens gently in a circular motion, then remove any
excess fluid with a fresh lens tissue. Oily fingerprints and
smudges may be removed using this method. Use caution;
rubbing too hard may scratch the lens.Never reuse tissues.
Cleaning Mirrors
You should not have to clean the telescope’s mirror very often;
normally once every year or so.Covering the telescope with
the dust cap when it is not in use will help prevent dust from
accumulating on the mirrors. Improper cleaning can scratch
mirror coatings, so the fewer times you have to clean the mirrors, the better.Small specks of dust or flecks of paint have
virtually no effect on the visual performance of the telescope
The large primary mirror and the elliptical secondar y mirror of
your telescope are front-surface aluminized and over coated
with hard silicon dioxide, which prevents the aluminum from
Figure 13.
The three thin
thumbscrews that
lock the primary
mirror in place
must first be
loosened before
any adjustments
can be made.
Figure 14.
The tilt of the
primary mirror is
adjusted by
turning one or
more of the three
wide collimation
thumbscrews.
Figure 15. A
star test will
determine if the
telescope's optics
are properly
collimated. An
unfocused view of a
bright star through the eyepiece should appear as illustrated on the
right if optics are perfectly collimated. If the circle is unsymmetrical,
as illustrated on the left, the scope needs collimation.
Out of collimation Collimated
12
oxidizing.These coatings normally last through many years of
use before requiring re-coating, which is easily done.
To clean the secondary mirror, it must be removed from the
telescope.Do this by holding the secondary mirror holder stationary with your fingers (don’t touch the mirror itself) while
unthreading the Phillips head screw in the center hub of the 4vaned spider. Completely unthread the screw from the holder,
and the holder will come loose in your fingers.Be careful not
to lose the spring on the Phillips head screw.
Handle the mirror and its holder carefully.You do not need to
remove the secondary mirror from its holder for cleaning.
Follow the same procedure described below for cleaning the
primary mirror.
To clean the primary mirror, carefully remove the mirror cell
from the telescope. To do this, you must remove the three
screws that connect the mirror cell to the steel tube. These
screws are located on the outer edge of the mirror cell.
Now , remo ve the three mirror clips that secure the mirror in its
cell;use a Phillips head screwdriver to unthread the mirror clip
anchor screws.Next, hold the mirror by its edge, and remove
it from the mirror cell. Be careful not to touch the aluminized
surface of the mirror with your fingers. Set the mirror on a
clean, soft towel. Fill a clean sink, free of abrasive cleanser,
with room-temperature water, a few drops of liquid dishwashing detergent, and if possible, a cap-full of rubbing alcohol.
Submerge the mirror (aluminized face up) in the water and let
it soak for several minutes (or hours if it is a very dirty mirror).
Wipe the mirror underwater with clean cotton balls, using
extremely light pressure and stroking in straight lines across
the surface. Use one ball for each wipe across the mirror.
Then rinse the mirror under a stream of lukewarm water. Any
particles on the surface can be swabbed gently with a series
of clean cotton balls, each used just one time. Dry the mirror
in a stream of air (a “blower bulb” works great), or remove any
stray drops of water with the corner of a paper towel.Dry the
bottom and the edges with a towel (not the mirror surface!).
Leave the entire assembly in a warm area until it is completely dry before reassembling the telescope.
One-Year Limited Warranty
This Orion StarBlast is warranted against defects in materials or workmanship for a period of
one year from the date of purchase.This warranty is for the benefit of the original retail purchaser only.During this warranty period Orion Telescopes & Binoculars will repair or replace, at
Orion’s option, any warranted instrument that proves to be defective, provided it is returned
postage paid to: Orion Warranty Repair, 89 Hangar Way, Watsonville, CA 95076. If the product
is not registered, proof of purchase (such as a copy of the original invoice) is required.
This warranty does not apply if, in Orion’s judgment, the instrument has been abused, mishan-
dled, or modified, nor does it apply to normal wear and tear.This warranty gives you specific
legal rights, and you may also ha ve other rights, which vary from state to state.For further warranty service information, contact: Customer Service Department, Orion Telescopes &
Binoculars, P.O.Box 1815, Santa Cruz, CA 95061; (800)676-1343.
Orion Telescopes & Binoculars
Post Office Box 1815, Santa Cruz, CA 95061
Customer Support Help Line (800)676-1343 • Day or Evening
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