Orion Hunting Equipment User Manual
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
100mm f/9 ED Refractor
#9975 Optical Tube Assembly
Dew/Glare shield
Machined aluminum lens cell
Finder scope dovetail mount
2" Crayford focuser
1.25" Eyepiece
adapter
Focus wheel (2)
Figure 1. The 100mm f/9 ED Refractor optical tube assembly
Congratulations on your purchase of an Orion 100mm f/9 ED
refractor optical tube. Your 100mm f/9 ED has been designed
with high quality optics and excellent mechanical construction.
The ED glass in the objective lens means you’ll enjoy images
with far less color distortion than those seen in a standard
refractor, and the smooth Crayford focuser will make getting
sharp images a breeze. These instructions will help you set up
and use your telescope tube.
Getting Started
The 100mm f/9 ED comes fully assembled from the factory.
The telescope’s optics have been installed and collimated, so
you should not have to make any adjustments to them.
Please keep the original shipping box! In the unlikely event
you should need to ship the telescope back to Orion for warranty repair service, you should use the original packaging.
The box also makes a very good container for storing the telescope when it is not in use.
Attaching the Refractor to a Tripod or Mount
Optional tube rings should be used to attach the scope to a
telescope mount. Tube rings with an inner diameter of 100mm
(3.9"), such as Orion item #7371, are needed. When using
tube rings, you should first attach them to your telescope
mount and then lay the optical tube in the tube rings.
Crayford focuser tension
thumbscrew
Use of Optional Eyepieces, Diagonal, and Finder
Scope
The 100mm ED does not come with a finder scope, diagonal
or eyepieces in order to grant the user the greatest versatility in customizing the instrument to suit their tastes. However,
certain rules for using accessories still apply.
Any Orion finder scope with a dovetail bracket can be used
with the 100mm f/9 ED. Simply unthread the thumbscrew on
the dovetail mount (Figure 1) and insert the assembled finder
scope and dovetail bracket. Retighten the thumbscrew. Finder
scopes that do not use a dovetail bracket will need to be
attached by other means.
The 100mm ED can use almost any 1.25" diagonal and eyepiece. To install a diagonal, unthread the thumbscrew on the
1.25" adapter (Figure 1) until it is flush with the interior of the
adapter. Insert the diagonal and secure it with the thumbscrew.
Then insert the eyepiece into the diagonal and secure it with
the thumbscrew.
Use of 2" Eyepieces and Diagonals
A feature of the 100mm ED is its ability to also use 2" barreldiameter eyepieces and diagonals. At low magnifications, 2"
eyepieces can give a wider field of view than standard 1.25"
eyepieces. This is especially desirable for observing deep-sky
objects, as many of them appear quite large, but faint. Please
note that the 100mm ED will not reach focus with the 2" eyepieces unless a 2" diagonal or extension tube is used.
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To use 2" eyepieces, simply loosen the two large thumbscrews
on the 2" adapter (Figure 1). Once these thumbscrews are
loosened, the entire back end of the focuser, including any
1.25" diagonal and eyepiece that may be attached, comes off,
exposing the 2" diameter focuser drawtube. Now, insert your
2" diagonal (or extension tube) into the drawtube and secure
with the two thumbscrews loosened previously. Insert a 2"
eyepiece into the diagonal, secure it in place with the thumbscrew on the diagonal, and you’re ready to observe.
Note About the 2" Crayford Focuser
The 100mm ED comes equipped with a Crayford focuser. The
Crayford design allows for smooth, precise focusing without
any image shift that typical rack-and-pinion designs experience. If you find that the focus wheels are too tight or too loose,
you can make adjustments to the focuser tension by using the
focuser tension thumbscrew located on the bottom of the optical tube, between the focus wheels. Make adjustments to this
thumbscrew until the focuser motion feels comfortable. Please
note that you must have at least some tension applied to the
focuser drawtube or else it will not move when you turn the
focus wheels.
Calculating Magnification (Power)
It is desirable to have a range of eyepieces of different focal
lengths, to allow viewing over a range of magnifications. To
calculate the magnification, or power, of a telescope, simply
divide the focal length of the telescope by the focal length of
the eyepiece:
Telescope F.L. ÷ Eyepiece F.L. = Magnification
For example, the 100mm ED, which has a focal length of
900mm, used in combination with a 25mm eyepiece, yields
a power of 36x.
900 ÷ 25 = 36X
Every telescope has a useful limit of power of about 45x-60x
per inch of aperture. Claims of higher power by some telescope manufacturers are a misleading advertising gimmick
and should be dismissed. Keep in mind that at higher powers, an image will always be dimmer and less sharp (this is a
fundamental law of optics). The steadiness of the air (the “seeing”) will limit how much magnification an image can tolerate.
Always start viewing with your lowest-power (longest focal
length) eyepiece in the telescope. After you have located
and looked at the object with it, you can try switching to a
higher-power eyepiece to ferret out more detail, if atmospheric
conditions permit. If the image you see is not crisp and steady,
reduce the magnification by switching to a longer-focal-length
eyepiece. As a general rule, a small but well-resolved image
will show more detail and provide a more enjoyable view than
a dim and fuzzy, overmagnified image.
Note About Chromatic Aberration
Chromatic aberration literally means color distor tion.
Whenever light passes through one material to another, light
of different wavelengths (color) is bent by different amounts.
This is a problem that plagues refractor-type telescopes, since
light passes through both air and glass to form an image. Most
astronomical objects emit a spectrum comprised of many different wavelengths of light, so each wavelength will be bent
by a slightly different amount when passing through a lens.
This results in each color of light reaching precise focus at a
slightly different point, which reduces image sharpness.
The 100mm ED is designed to minimize chromatic aberration.
The objective lens comprises two individual lens elements, one
of which is made of “ED” (Extra-low Dispersion) glass, a special
type of glass that has superior refractive properties compared
to normal types of glass. The use of this ED glass minimizes the
amount of chromatic aberration, resulting in a cleaner, sharper
image compared to that in standard achromatic telescopes.
Photography with the 100mm ED Refractor
With an optional camera adapter, the 100mm f/9 ED becomes
a 900mm f/9 telephoto lens for a single-lens reflex camera.
For long-distance terrestrial or astronomical photography, you
need only a T-ring for your particular camera model. The T-ring
attaches to your camera and threads onto the 100mm ED’s
1.25" adapter, coupling the camera body to the telescope.
Use the camera’s viewfinder to frame the picture. Use the
telescope’s focuser to focus the image. Tighten the focuser
tension thumbscrew to make sure the camera does not slip
out of focus.
You may want to consider using a remote shutter release
instead of the shutter release on the camera. Touching the
camera can vibrate the system and blur the resulting photographic image. Also, be sure to use a solid tripod.
Care & Maintenance
Give your telescope reasonable care and it will last a lifetime.
When not in use, keep its dust cover on as well as the dust cap
for the eyepiece opening. Store it indoors or in a dry garage.
Do not leave the telescope outside when not in use. The optical tube is aluminum and has a smooth painted surface that
should resist scratches and smudges. If a scratch does appear
on the tube, it will not harm the telescope. Smudges on the
tube can be wiped off with standard household cleaners such
as Windex or Formula 409.
Any quality optical lens tissue and cleaning fluid specifically
designed for multi-coated optics can be used to clean the
telescope’s objective lens as well as the lenses of eyepieces
and finder scopes. Never use regular glass cleaner or cleaning fluid designed for eyeglasses. Before cleaning with fluid
and tissue, blow any loose particles off the lens with a blower
bulb or compressed air, or lightly brush the lens with a soft
camel hair brush. Apply some cleaning fluid to a tissue, never
directly on the optics. Wipe the lens gently in a circular motion,
then remove any excess fluid with a fresh lens tissue. Oily fingerprints and smudges may be removed using this method.
Use caution; rubbing too hard may scratch the lens! Clean
only a small area at a time, using a fresh lens tissue on each
area. Never reuse tissues.
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