OPTICOM OPERA E1-T1, OPR-002-E1T-P User Manual
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registered trademarks of their respective owners. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2001 by OPTICOM GmbH · www.opticom.de
User Manual
for the OPERA™ E1/T1 Option
OPR-002-E1T-P
CONTENTS
i
Contents
Contents .............................................................................................................................................i
1 Preface......................................................................................................................................1
2 Setup of the Cable Connections...........................................................................................3
3 Setup of the E1/T1 Board Parameters..................................................................................5
3.1 Configuration Parameters Overview...........................................................................5
3.1.1 Protocols ................................................................................................................5
3.1.2 Call Progress Tones..............................................................................................6
3.1.3 D-Channel Configuration.....................................................................................7
3.1.4 Line Code...............................................................................................................7
3.1.5 T1 Framing Method..............................................................................................7
3.1.6 CAS ABCD Idle Pattern.......................................................................................7
3.1.7 Coding Law............................................................................................................8
3.1.8 Line Build Out........................................................................................................8
3.1.9 Destination Numbering Type..............................................................................8
3.1.10 Destination Numbering Plan...............................................................................8
3.1.11 Source Numbering Type ......................................................................................8
3.1.12 Source Number Presentation...............................................................................8
3.1.13 Source Number Screening...................................................................................8
3.1.14 Source Phone Number ..........................................................................................8
3.1.15 Source Phone Subnumber ...................................................................................8
3.1.16 Transfer Capability...............................................................................................9
3.1.17 Inter Exchange Prefix Number.............................................................................9
3.1.18 B-Channel Selection.............................................................................................9
3.2 Using the OptiConf™ Application.............................................................................9
3.2.1 The Parameter Field “Protocol Type”..............................................................10
3.2.2 The Parameter Field “Protocol Version”..........................................................10
3.2.3 The Parameter Field “Protocol Subversion”...................................................10
3.2.4 The Parameter Field “Call Progress Tones Conf.”.........................................11
3.2.5 The Parameter Field “DChannel Configuration”............................................11
3.2.6 The Parameter Field “Line Code”.....................................................................11
3.2.7 The Parameter Field “T1 Framing Method”....................................................11
3.2.8 The Parameter Field “CAS ABCD Idle Pattern”.............................................11
3.2.9 The Parameter Field “Coding Law”..................................................................11
3.2.10 The Parameter Field “Line Build Out ”.............................................................11
3.2.11 The Parameter Field “Termination Side”.........................................................12
3.2.12 The Parameter Field "Set B-Channel Parameters"..........................................12
3.3 Setting up B-Channel Configuration Parameters ....................................................12
4 Signal Acquisition Using OptiCall™.................................................................................17
5 OptiCall™ Command Line Parameters...............................................................................19
6 Measurement Examples .......................................................................................................21
6.1 Example Parameter Settings for Several Protocol Types........................................21
6.1.1 E1_Euro_ISDN....................................................................................................21
6.1.2 T1_CAS................................................................................................................22
6.1.3 E1_MFCR2...........................................................................................................25
6.1.4 E1_CAS_R2.........................................................................................................26
6.1.5 T1_NI2_ISDN......................................................................................................26
6.1.6 T1_5ESS_10_ISDN.............................................................................................28
6.1.7 T1_DMS100_ISDN.............................................................................................28
6.2 Example 1: Stand Alone Loop Measurement...........................................................29
6.3 Example 2: Measurements From a Batch File...........................................................32
CONTENTS
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7 Options for Advanced Users..............................................................................................33
7.1 Editing a Call Progress Tones Configuration File...................................................33
7.2 Editing a CAS Protocol Table ....................................................................................34
7.2.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................34
7.2.2 Constructing or Modifying a CAS Protocol Table........................................35
7.2.3 Table Elements ....................................................................................................35
7.2.4 State’s Line Structure.........................................................................................38
7.3 Protocol Trace Option.................................................................................................44
7.3.1 Tracing CAS/Robbed Bit Protocols .................................................................44
7.4 Downloadables Construction Utility........................................................................46
7.4.1 Location................................................................................................................46
7.4.2 Description...........................................................................................................46
7.4.3 Operation..............................................................................................................46
8 Technical Specifications......................................................................................................47
9 References .............................................................................................................................48
10 Glossary of Terms ............................................................................................................49
10.1 ANI.................................................................................................................................49
10.2 CLI..................................................................................................................................49
CHAPTER 1: PREFACE
1
1 Preface
The documentation on hand is meant as a completion to the user manual of
the OPERA™ measurement system. This documentation describes the E1/T1
Option (OPR-002-E1T-P) for the OPERA™ voice quality analyzer. Before you
start reading this documentation, you should have studied the OPERA™ User
Manual thoroughly, since the basic operation of components of the OPERA™
system is assumed to be known in the following.
OPTICOM's E1/T1 interface option provides you with a large variety of
protocols. In the current version the following protocol types are available:
E1 Euro ISDN,
E1 MFC-R2 CAS protocol including many country-specific variants,
E1 CAS-R2 protocol including R2D and R2D modified variants,
T1 CAS/Robbed Bit protocols including E&M wink start, E&M
immediate start, E&M delay dial/start, loop start and ground start, and
T1 National ISDN-2 PRI protocol.
T1 ISDN implementations for particular switches are supported as
T1 ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 4ESS switch,
T1 ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 5ESS-9 switch,
T1 ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 5ESS-10, and
T1 ISDN PRI protocol for the Nortel® DMS100 switch.
In addition, a number of transparent protocols are available that provide the
physical interface layer, without any signalling-related functions. The
protocol types including all parameter settings for the interface board are
fully software configurable.
With the E1/T1 Option for the OPERA™ voice quality analyzer, you may
modify the protocol parameters and even the entire state machine of T1
CAS, E1 MFC-R2 and E1 CAS-R2 protocols. You may also create your own
call progress tones configuration files if the files provided by OPTICOM
should not meet your requirements.
In Section 2 of this document you will find a description of the board
hardware. Section 3 provides information about the setup process of the
interface board parameters, an overview of the available parameters and
their meaning is given here. How to perform measurements with the E1/T1
interface is explained in Section 4, the new command line parameters for
automated measurements from script files are described in Section 5.
Measurement examples can be found in Section 6. Here, you will also find
example parameter settings for several protocol types.
CHAPTER 1: PREFACE
2
Advanced users will find descriptions for useful options in Section 7. On
these pages, it is explained how to modify or construct CAS protocol tables
and how to edit call progress tones configurations. In addition, you will
learn how to trace protocols. The technical specifications for the interface
board are listed in Section 8. The documentation concludes with references
and a glossary of terms in Sections 9 and 10.
CHAPTER 2: SETUP OF THE CABLE CONNECTIONS
3
2 Setup of the Cable Connections
The E1/T1 Option for the OPERA™ voice quality analyzer enables you to
perform measurements with digital PSTN systems like Primary Rate Access
(PRA) to ISDN, E1 CAS/MFR2 protocols or T1 CAS/Robbed Bit protocols.
To connect the OPERA™ system to your system under test, two RJ-48
connectors are provided as shown in Figure 2.1. These trunks are labelled
“1” and “2” on the back plate of the E1/T1 interface board. The Indicator
LEDs shown above of the RJ-48 connectors are dual-colour LEDs that
indicate the status of trunk 1 and 2, left to right. The LEDs are lit green for
normal operation. If an LED is lit red either a loss of signal (LOS) or a loss of
frame alignment (LFA) has been detected.
Figure 2.1: Rear View of the E1/T1 Interface Board.
Note:
The RJ-45 connector labelled “ETH” and the two Ethernet
LEDs are not supported in the current version of OPERA™.
In future versions, the Ethernet trunk will provide a
connection to your IP network, thus giving the option of
assessing voice quality in VoIP systems.
In Figure 2.2 the connector pins for RJ-48 are shown.
Ethernet LEDs
Indicator LEDs
Ethernet RJ-45
2 Trunks RJ-48
CHAPTER 2: SETUP OF THE CABLE CONNECTIONS
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Figure 2.2: RJ-48 Connector Pins
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
5
3 Setup of the E1/T1 Board Parameters
Before you will be able to start performing measurements with the E1/T1
interface board, the board’s configuration parameters will have to be set up.
These parameters affect the board’s operation. For instance, the protocol
type that is being used is defined at this point.
After the user has finished setting all necessary parameter values, the
initialization process is started during which the configuration parameter set
is downloaded via the computer host’s PCI bus to the E1/T1 interface board.
Note:
The board configuration parameters are not “on-the-flychangeable” in the sense that changes will only take effect
after the consecutive initialization process.
Please note, that after the start-up of the OPERA™ host PC, the last chosen
parameter configuration set of the E1/T1 board is immediately available. If
this configuration meets your requirements, you may directly start the
OptiCall™ application in order to perform measurements. For a description
of the OptiCall™ application, please refer to Section 4.
3.1 Configuration Parameters Overview
In this section an overview of the available configuration parameters and
their meaning is given. Only those parameters are described that will have to
be set up by the user.
3.1.1 Protocols
The E1/T1 Option for OPERA™ offers a large variety of protocol types which
are listed and described in the following.
E1 Euro-ISDN – ISDN PRI Pan-European (CTR4) protocol with many
information elements and call control messages.
E1 MFC-R2 - Common E1 MFC-R2 CAS protocols including line signalling
and compelled register signalling. National variants such as for China, Israel,
Mexico, Philippines and more are available. You may change the protocol
parameters and even the entire state machine by editing the protocol textual
table that is downloaded to the E1/T1 interface board after the setup of the
configuration parameters will have been finished. For a description of how
to edit a CAS protocol table, please refer to Section 7.1.
E1 CAS-R2 - Common E1 CAS protocols including line signalling and
MF/DTMF address transfer. Available are R2D and R2D modified variants.
You may change the protocol parameters and the state machine by editing
the protocol textual table. For a description of how to edit a CAS protocol
table, please refer to Section 7.1.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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T1 CAS – Common T1 robbed bit protocols including E&M wink start, E&M
immediate start, E&M delay dial/start, loop start and ground start. You may
change the protocol parameters and the state machine by editing the
protocol textual table. For a description of how to edit a CAS protocol table,
please refer to Section 7.1.
T1 NI2 ISDN - National ISDN-2 PRI protocol with many ISDN information
elements and call control messages.
T1 4ESS ISDN - ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 4ESS switch with
many ISDN information elements and call control messages.
T1 5ESS-9 ISDN - ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 5ESS-9 switch
with many ISDN information elements and call control messages.
T1 5ESS-10 ISDN - ISDN PRI protocol for the Lucent®/AT&T® 5ESS-10
switch with many ISDN information elements and call control messages.
T1 DMS100 ISDN - ISDN PRI protocol for the Nortel® DMS100 switch with
many ISDN information elements and call control messages.
In addition to these protocol types, the E1/T1 Option for OPERA™ offers a
number of transparent protocols. Transparent protocols provide the physical
interface layer, without any signalling-related functions. These protocol types
are listed below.
E1 Transparent-62 – Transparent protocol, where no signalling is to be
provided by the E1/T1 interface board. Time slots 1-31 of each trunk are
mapped to the DSP channels hosted on the board. The first trunk is fully
mapped, i.e. all 31 time slots, while the last trunk and its last time slots (30
and 31) will not have any DSP channel.
E1 Transparent-60 - Transparent protocol, where no signalling is to be
provided by the E1/T1 interface board. Time slots 1-31, excluding time slot
16 of both trunks, are mapped to 60 DSP channels on the board.
T1 TRANSPARENT - Transparent protocol, where no signalling is to be
provided by the E1/T1 board. Time slots 1-24 of both trunks are mapped to
60 DSP channels.
J1 TRANSPARENT - Transparent protocol, where no signalling is to be
provided by the E1/T1 board. [AUDI01]
3.1.2 Call Progress Tones
The call progress tones to be detected, or generated by the board,
respectively, are defined in a Call Progress Tones Configuration File. You
can either use one of the files supplied by OPTICOM, or construct your own
file. A description of how to edit a Call Progress Tones Configuration File
can be found in Section 7.1.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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3.1.3 D-Channel Configuration
The D-channel configuration setting is applicable only to ISDN PRI
protocols that support the NFAS and/or D-channel backup procedures. Only
the US variants NI2, DMS, 4ESS, 5ESS-9, and 5ESS-10 are supported, and
will be affected by this configuration. Table 3.1 lists the possible
combinations.
Trunk 1 Trunk2 Description
Primary Primary Normal and default configuration for PRI protocols for 23
bearer channels and one CCS (Common Channel Signalling)
channel for each trunk.
Primary NFAS NFAS mode using Trunk 1 carrying the CCS channel. This
trunk is also used to set-up calls for both trunks. Thus, Trunk 2
supports 24 bearer channels.
Primary Backup Backup mode using the first trunk’s CCS has a primary
signaling channel setting up the calls for both trunks. The
second trunk supports 23 bearer channels and its CCS channel
is used as a back-up or stand-by channel. In the case of
malfunction, the second trunk changes roles with the 1st span
and becomes the primary span.
Table 3.1: PSTN Interface and Protocol Configuration for the E1/T1 interface board.
Note:
Currently only identical configuration setups of Trunk 1 and
Trunk 2 are possible. This is about to change in future
versions of the E1/T1 option.
3.1.4 Line Code
Selects the line code type to be used for the trunks. Two common types of
line coding are defined for E1, namely AMI or HDB3. For a T1 network
valid line code types are AMI or B8ZS.
3.1.5 T1 Framing Method
This parameter is applicable for T1 protocol types only. It specifies the
framing format used by the trunk. T1 and E1 delineate frames differently. In
the case of T1, either D4 framing (also known as SF or Super Frame) or ESF
(Extended Super Frame) is applicable. In the case of E1 protocols, there is
only one framing method defined.
3.1.6 CAS ABCD Idle Pattern
The CAS ABCD Idle Pattern is the pattern that will be used whenever a
channel is in idle state (at initialization - before opening the channel, or at all
times when it is closed). In the frame format for E1 and for ESF on T1, this
pattern consists of 4 bits – ABCD. When T1 with D4 frame format is used,
there are 2 bits relevant – AB. This parameter is relevant only when using
the E1/T1 interface with CAS protocols.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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3.1.7 Coding Law
The coding law parameter defines the companding characteristic that is used
on the PC internal TDM bus. The companding characteristic is a formula
which translates the amplitudes of the sampled voice signal into the 8 bit
code words. Supported coding laws are A-Law and Mu-Law. The coding
law must match the coding law of the speech file that is send through a
system under test. Please note, this parameter does not refer to the telephone
line coding law.
3.1.8 Line Build Out
There are two parameters applicable for the line build out, the Line Build
Out Loss parameter and the Overwrite parameter. The Line Build Out Loss
parameter is used to control loss for different lengths of the line and
applicable only to T1 protocols. The second parameter, Overwrite, enables
users to write to the 3 Pulse Mask (XPM) registers, thus controlling the
trunk’s analog pulse shape (applicable to E1 and T1 trunks).
3.1.9 Destination Numbering Type
The type of the destination (called) number as defined in Q.931(ISDN only).
3.1.10 Destination Numbering Plan
The plan number of the destination (called) number as defined in Q.931
(ISDN only).
3.1.11 Source Numbering Type
In the case of ISDN, this parameter specifies the type of the source (calling)
number as defined in Q.931. For MFC-R2 protocols, the source number type
is used to provide the calling number category.
3.1.12 Source Number Presentation
Presentation of source phone (calling) number as defined in Q.931 (ISDN
only).
3.1.13 Source Number Screening
Screening of source phone (calling) number as defined in Q.931 (ISDN
only).
3.1.14 Source Phone Number
Specifies the phone number of the calling (originating) party for protocols
that use ANI (Automatic Number Identification) or CLI (Calling Line
Identification).
3.1.15 Source Phone Subnumber
Specifies the source sub address phone number for ANI.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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3.1.16 Transfer Capability
In the case of ISDN, this parameter specifies controls the BC (Bearer
Capability) and optionally HLC (Higher Layer Capability). For MFC-R2
protocols, the transfer capability is used to provide the service category.
3.1.17 Inter Exchange Prefix Number
This parameter is an option to send an additional phone number before the
address (destination) phone number. The address phone number is selected
in the OptiCall™ application.
3.1.18 B-Channel Selection
This parameter defines whether the B-channel is used in exclusive mode. If a
call is initiated in exclusive mode, the calling party exclusively defines the Bchannel to be used for the call. Alternatively, the PSTN is assumed to specify
the B-channel to be used for the call (ISDN only). [AUDI01]
3.2 Using the OptiConf™ Application
The configuration parameters are setup with the help of the OptiConf™
application. You start OptiConf™ from the Start Menu of your Windows™
platform by selecting the menu entry Start|Programs|Opera|OptiConf. The
application will come up with the dialog shown in Figure 3.1. In this state,
OptiConf™ will display the currently active configuration parameter settings
for the E1/T1 interface. This configuration has already been downloaded to
the interface board and is thus available for measurements.
Figure 3.1: The OptiConf™ dialog main window.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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If these settings do not meet your requirements, you may change them. In a
first step you might for example select an entry from the Protocol Type
control listbox field. After having done so, the corresponding parameter
values will be set in the other parameter fields of the OptiConf™ dialog. If
necessary, you may modify one or more parameters now. This is done by
either selecting an entry from the listbox field of a control or by directly
entering the necessary value in an edit field where possible.
Some parameter fields are shown in grey colour and thus may not be
modified. These disabled configuration parameters are either not relevant for
the protocol chosen, or there is only one valid value.
After you will have finished setting all the necessary parameter values, you
may start the initialization process by either clicking on the OK or the Apply
button. After having done so, a message dialog comes up that informs you
that the download process might take up to approx. 2 minutes. Please note,
that the initialization process is started only after you have confirmed the
message by clicking on the OK button. The application will then download
the configuration set to the E1/T1 interface board.
Note:
Start OptiCall™ only after the initialization process is
finished. Only then the chosen E1/T1 configuration is
available to perform measurements.
In the following the parameter fields and its valid values are described. For
more detailed information about the parameters, refer to the overview in
Section 3.1.
3.2.1 The Parameter Field “Protocol Type”
Here you select the name of the protocol type. After choosing a protocol
from the list, the corresponding default parameter values will be assigned to
the parameter fields in the OptiConf™ dialog. For some protocol types, there
are variants available that may represent country specific variants, for
instance. These variants are available in the Protocol Version and Protocol
Subversion control fields.
3.2.2 The Parameter Field “Protocol Version”
This control offers a set of protocol variants that are available for some
protocol types. If there are no variants available, the control will show “Not
available”.
3.2.3 The Parameter Field “Protocol Subversion”
Some protocol types provide another subset of variants which are available
from this control field. For example, the MFC-R2 protocol provides variants
for several countries in the Protocol Version field, and a subset of different
protocol variants for the chosen country in the Subversion control.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
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3.2.4 The Parameter Field “Call Progress Tones Conf.”
Selects the call progress tones configurations file. If no call progress tones
are to be used the correct entry is “No call progress support”.
3.2.5 The Parameter Field “DChannel Configuration”
The D-channel configuration can be set to Primary, NFAS or Backup.
3.2.6 The Parameter Field “Line Code”
Specifies the line code type. Select AMI or HDB3 for E1 protocols and AMI
or B8ZS for a T1 network.
3.2.7 The Parameter Field “T1 Framing Method”
This parameter is applicable for T1 protocol types only. It is used to select
“Super Frame (D4)” (12 frames multi-frame - SF) or “Extended Super Frame”
(24 frames multi-frame - ESF) for T1.
3.2.8 The Parameter Field “CAS ABCD Idle Pattern”
When defining the Idle Pattern, you may choose between an entry in the list
field of the controls or you may enter a value in the control’s edit field.
Please note, that the entered value needs to be a hexadecimal number. You
may enter the value including the prefix “0x” or without it. In both cases
your entry will be interpreted as a hex value. Valid entries are in the range
between 0x0 - 0xf.
For example, if you want to specify a pattern ABCD=1010, you have to
enter the corresponding hex value which is 0xa.
3.2.9 The Parameter Field “Coding Law”
This control selects the coding law that is used on the PC internal TDM bus.
Available values are Mu-Law and A-Law. The coding law must match the
coding law of the speech file that is send through a system under test. Please
note, that this parameter does not refer to the telephone line coding law.
3.2.10 The Parameter Field “Line Build Out ”
The Line Build Out Loss parameter can be set to 0 dB, -7.5 dB, -15 dB, or -
22.5 dB. This parameter is disabled in the case of E1 protocols.
The Overwrite parameter may be switched on by by enabling the checkbox.
Then, you may define the values for the 3 Pulse Mask (XPM) registers. Please
note, that these values have to be entered in hexadecimal data format only.
As in the CAS ABCD Idle Pattern field, you may enter the value including
the prefix “0x” or without it. In both cases your entry will be interpreted as a
hex value. The Overwrite parameter is applicable to E1 and T1 protocols.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
12
3.2.11 The Parameter Field “Termination Side”
Some protocols are not symmetrical, that is, the user and the network side of
the protocol are different. In the Termination Side control field you may
change whether your OPERA host computer shall be configured as the user
side or the network side of a protocol.
3.2.12 The Parameter Field "Set B-Channel Parameters"
For some protocol types, like ISDN or MFC-R2, the parameters for the Bchannels need to be set.. In this field you may select from the drop-down list
the B-channel you want to configure. After clicking on the "Configure"
button, the dialog for the B-channel configuration will come up as shown in
Figure 3.2.
Please note, that only those channels are shown in the list that may carry
voice information. That is, for instance, the D-channel of an ISDN
configured trunk will not be found in the B-channel list. The numbering of
the B-channels starts with zero.
Note:
Currently only identical configuration setups of Trunk 1 and
Trunk 2 are possible. This is about to change in future
versions of the E1/T1 option.
3.3 Setting up B-Channel Configuration Parameters
Sections 3.1.9 to 3.1.16 describe a number of parameters that are to be set
for each single B-channel of a trunk. Most of these channel configuration
parameters are applicable for ISDN. Only some might be applicable for
MFC-R2 protocols, too, which are Source Phone Number, Source Phone
Subnumber, Source Number Type and Transfer Capability.
For modifying B-channel parameter settings, choose the B-channel that your
changes shall apply to in the main dialog of OptiConf™. When pressing the
"Configure" button the dialog shown in Figure 3.2 will come up. Here, you
will see the current settings of the selected B-channel. The parameter values
for each B-channels are set separately, and modifying them for one specific
B-channel will not affect the settings of another B-channel.
You may also configure all available B-Channels in one step by selecting the
entry “All Channels” from the drop-down list in the “Set B-Channel
Parameters” field of the main dialog.
In the following, an overview of the B-channel parameters is given.
CHAPTER 3: SETUP OF THE E1/T1 BOARD PARAMETERS
13
Figure 3.2: The B-Channel Configuration dialog window.
Note:
Please recall, when changing the channel configuration, your
changes will only be available after you have re-initialized the
E1/T1 board.
Note:
Currently, only channel configuration settings for Trunk #0
are supported. That is, that the channel configurations of the
second trunk will be the same as for the first trunk of the
interface board. . This is about to change in future versions of
the E1/T1 option.
Destination Numbering Type- Table 3.2 gives an overview of the values for
the parameter Destination Numbering Type.
Not Included
Unknown Number
International Number
National Number
Network Specific Number
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