Omicron CMGPS Reference Manual

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Reference Manual

CMGPS

Synchronization Unit

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Article number VESD0200 - Manual version: CMGPS.AE.6 - Year 2011

This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics GmbH. All rights including translation reserved. Reproduction of any kind, e.g., photocopying, microfilming,

optical character recognition and/or storage in electronic data processing systems, requires the explicit consent of OMICRON electronics. Reprinting, wholly or in part, is not permitted.

The product information, specifications, and technical data embodied in this manual represent the technical status at the time of writing and are subject to change without prior notice.

We have done our best to ensure that the information given in this manual is useful, accurate and entirely reliable. However, OMICRON electronics does not assume responsibility for any inaccuracies which may be present.

The user is responsible for every application tha t ma ke s us e of an OM ICRO N pr od u ct. OMICRON electronics translates this manual from the source language English into a number of other

languages. Any translation of this manual is done for local requirements, and in the eve nt of a dispute between the English and a non-English version, the English version of this manual shall govern.

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Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1 Designated Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

2.1 What is GPS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

2.2 Purpose of the CMGPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

3 Construction and Functioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

3.1 Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

3.2 LED Status Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

3.3 Connections and Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.3.1 DC in Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.3.2 Antenna Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3.3.3 ext. Interf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

3.3.4 Pulse out 2 Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

3.3.5 Block Diagram of the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

4 Operating the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

4.1 Connecting the CMGPS to a CMC Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

4.2 Connecting the CMGPS to a CMC 56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

5 Synchronizing Two or More CMC Test Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

5.1 Standard Accuracy Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

5.2 Enhanced Accuracy Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

5.3 Using CMGPS in Conjunction with CMIRIG-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

6 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

6.1 CMGPS in General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

6.2 GPS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

6.3 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

6.4 Antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

6.5 ext. Interf.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

6.6 Pulse Out 2 Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

6.7 CE Conformity, Electromagnetic Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

6.8 Insulation Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

6.9 Safety Standards, Certificates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

7 Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

8 Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

8.1 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

8.2 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Contact Information / Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

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Preface

The purpose of this reference manual is to familiarize users with the CMGPS synchronization unit and to show how to properly use it in various application areas.

The reference manual contains import ant tips on how to use the CMGPS synchronization unit safely, properly, and efficiently. Its purpose is to help you avoid danger, repair costs, and down time as well as to help maintain the reliability and life of the CMGPS synchronization unit.

This reference manual is to be supplemented by existing national safety standards for accident prevention and environmental protection.

The reference manual should always be available at the site wher e the CMGPS synchronization unit is used. It should be read by all personnel operating the synchronization unit.

Note: The OMICRON Test Universe sof tware also installs a PDF version of this reference manual. It can directly be opened by a mou se-click from the help topic "User Manuals". The Test Universe Help can be launched by clicking Help on the Start Page.

In addition to the reference manual and the applicable safety regulations in the country and at the site of operation, the usual technical proced ures for safe and competent work should be heeded.

Note: This reference manual describes the CMGPS synchronization unit hardware - that is, the physical device. In order to get familiar with the software for controlling and configuring the CMGPS synchronization unit, please refer to the software manuals and/or the OMICRON Test Universe Help.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Safety Requirements

Before operating the CMGPS, carefully read the following safety instructions.

Only operate the CMGPS after you have read this manual and fully understood the instructions herein.

The CMGPS may only be operated by trained personnel. Any maloperation can result in damage to property or persons.

Principles, Designated Use

•The CMGPS should only be used when in a technically sound condition. Its use should be in accordance with the safety regulations for the specific job site and application. Always be aware of the dangers of the high volt ages and currents associated with this equipment. Pay attention to the information provided in the reference manual and the software documentation.

•The CMGPS is exclusively intended for the application areas specified in section 1, "Designated Use" on page 9. The manufacturer/distributors are not liable for damage resulting from unintended usage. The user alone assumes all responsibility and risk.

• The instructions provided in this reference manual and the associated software manuals are considered part of the rules governing proper usage.

• Do not open the CMGPS or remove any of its housing components.

Orderly Practices and Procedures

• The reference manual (or its "electronic PDF pendant", which is installed to your computer with the OMICRON Test Universe software) should always be available on site where the CMGPS is used.

Note: The OMICRON Test Universe software also inst alls a PDF version of this reference manual. It can directly be opened by a mouse-click from the help topic "User Manuals". The Test Universe Help can be launched by clicking Help on the Start Page.

• Personnel assigned to using the CMGPS must have read this reference manual and fully understood the instructions herein.

• Do not carry out any modifications, extensions or adaptations at the CMGPS.

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Operator Qualifications

• Testing with the CMGPS should only be carried out by authorized and qualified personnel.

• Personnel receiving training, instruction, direction, or education on the CMGPS should remain under the constant supervision of an experienced operator while working with the equipment.

Safe Operation Procedures

•The CMGPS is to be set into operation in accordance with the information

provided in section 4 ”Operating the CMGPS”.

•The CMGPS must not be opened! If the device is opened, no guarantee

claims can be made.

•Do not position the antenna of the CMGPS in an exposed location above

the lightning rod or in other locations endangered by lightning. Make sure that the position of the lightning rod is higher than that of the antenna in any case. When installing the CMGPS, observe the general rules for lightning protection complying with the industrial standard. In addition to that, do not position the antenna within a control cabinet in the vicinity of flashover-endangered spots.

•The CMGPS must not be used in connection with devices with an

operating voltage that exceeds 250 V r.m.s. (for further details refer to section 6.8 ”Insulation Coordination”).

• The electric equipment of the CMGPS is to be regularly checked. Any

fault such as loose connections or defective cables is to be immediately repaired.

Preface

• If work has to be carried out on components connected to the mains

supply, a second person is required who presses, in case of emergency, the emergency stop and/or the main push button with overvoltage release.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

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1 Designated Use

The CMGPS is designed to either

• control one OMICRON CMC test set at a predetermined point in time

(triggering the starting point of a test process) or

• to synchronize the starting point of a test pr oc ess of two or more

OMICRON CMC test sets.

by means of the GPS signal with world-wide reception. The test set is controlled:

•via the ext. Interf. input

• via a binary input on the front of the CMC test set.

Using the CMGPS for other purposes than those described above is not considered the designated use.

at the rear of the CMC test set

Designated Use

The CMGPS's specifica tions have been determined in the course of a project to develop a mobile synchronization unit for CMC test sets. The CMGPS may not be installed stationary.

Any other use of the CMGPS is only permitted after OMICRON electronics has expressly agreed to it.

Observance of the operating instructions and compliance with the precautions outlined therein is part of the defined use.

1. Refer also to section 3.3.3 ”ext. Interf.”.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

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2.1 What is GPS?

Figure 2-1: The NAVSTAR satellites on their orbits

Introduction

2 Introduction

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of two satellite navigation systems covering the whole earth. It was developed in 1978 by the US Department of Defence to replace TRANSIT, the first US satellite navigation system, and was initially designed to develop the defence ability of the USA.

The second system currently being used is the GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS), operated by Russia. The system was completed in 1995.

Technical Principles

GPS navigation is based on the principle of determining the distance between a certain location on the earth to the NAVSTAR satellites revolving around the earth on six different orbits twice a day. Their orientation in relation to the equator is approx. 55 °.

The satellites are continuously sending encoded position and time information in a frequency range of approx. 1500 MHz.

Special GPS receivers (passive receivers) receive these signals and dete rmine their exact position in the system of earth co-ordinates by means of the signal code as well as measurement of the time span between receiving the signals.

At the same time, the GPS receiver’s clock is synchronized to the atomic clocks aboard the GPS satellites.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Antenna

ext. Interf.

CMC 356

Pulse out 2

Power supply unit

2.2 Purpose of the CMGPS

Figure 2-2:

CMGPS connected to CMC 356 test set

CMGPS is a system extension which allows for controlling (triggering) a CMC

test set at a precisely defined moment via the GPS

satellite signal with world-

wide reception (see also section ”Technical Principles”). Based on this innovative test method by using two or mo re CMGPS extension

units, two or more CMC test sets can be started simultaneously with a

synchronization error of the CMGPS output of < 1 µs

. There may be any distance between these test sets to be synchronized (see also section 5 ”Synchronizing Two or More CMC Test Sets”).

By utilizing the GPS signal it is thus possible to ensure identical trigger time of test processes of several independently operating test units, regardless of the distance between them.

1. Global Positioning System

2. Depends on the accuracy set by means of the software (please also refer to chapter

5.1 ”Standard Accuracy Mode”).

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3.1 Components

Article number VEHZ3000

Article number VEHZ1103

Figure 3-1: Synchronization unit

CMGPS

Construction and Functioning

3 Construction and Functioning

The CMGPS consists of the following components:

Figure 3-2: Power supply unit 100 - 240 V incl. plug-in adapter for country-specific wall outlets

/18 VDC

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Article number VEHK0003

Article number VEHZ3001

Figure 3-3: Connection cable CMGPS ext. Interf. CMC test set

⇔

Figure 3-4: Active antenna

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Figure 3-5:

Article number VEHK3002

Antenna

CMGPS

2 extension cables + SMA adapter (see also figure 3-7).

Article number VEHZ3003

15 m (50 ft) RG58 coaxial cable with SMA connector (extension cable for antenna)

Construction and Functioning

For cases that may require an extension of the antenna cabl e, an optional set of 2 × 20 m (2 x 60 ft) cables is available from OMICRON.

Figure 3-6: CMGPS connected to antenna via 2 × 20 m (2 x 60 ft) extension cables.

Note: when connecting VEHZ3003, VEHK3002 shown in figure 3-5 cannot be used anymore.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Connect to antenna Connect to CMGPS

Extension cables

Figure 3-7: SMA adapter to connect the extension cables to CMGPS and antenna

• Protecting cap for antenna input (no illustration)

• Carrying bag for CMGPS (no illustration)

• User manual (no illustration)

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3.2 LED Status Display

Pulse

Searching Locked

All 3 LEDs are lit for about 30 seconds; the GPS receiver is initialized.

Pulse

Searching Locked

LED "ON" is lit. LED "Searching/Locked" flashes. The receiver does

not yet receive enough strong satellite signals in order to put out the synchronization pulse.



Pulse

Searching Locked

LED "ON" is lit. LED "Searching/Locked" is lit. The receiver acquires

the necessary number of satellite signals of sufficient strength and can therefore put out the synchronization pulse with the unit accuracy.

1. The power supply is applied to the CMGPS

2. After the initialization of the CMGPS

Construction and Functioning

Typically, after a time period of max. 5 minutes this status is succeeded by the condition "CMGPS ready for operation" (refer to the following item) should not be the case, refer to section 7 ”Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies”.

3. CMGPS is ready for operation

1. This time may increase to up to 20 minutes in cases where the CMGPS was either relocated by

several hundred kilometers since the last time it was in use or out of operation for more than 6months.

. If this

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Pulse

Searching Locked

LED "ON" is lit. LED "Searching/Locked" is lit. LED "Pulse" is lit for approx. 500 ms during the

output of the synchronization pulse at the outputs Pulse out 1 and/or Pulse out 2.

Synchronization pulse

Other LED conditions as those described above indica te faults and are outlined in section 7 ”Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies” on page 41.

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3.3.1 DC in Power Supply

Figure 3-8: Power supply input DC in

3.3 Connections and Interfaces

Power supply is applied to the CMGPS by means of a power supply unit 100-240 V country-specific wall outlets (see figure 3-2 on page 13).

The connector of this power supply unit is reverse polarity protected.

/18 VDC, which is equipped with an adapter for the various

Construction and Functioning

Most of the up-to-date CMC test sets (e.g., CMC 256, CMC 256plus, CMC 353, CMC 356 or CMC 850) provide power supply to the CMGPS via the connection

cable to the ext. Interf.. Therefore, in conjunction with one of these test sets, the power supply unit is not needed.

In conjunction with the CMIRIG-B interface unit, use the above mentioned power supply unit to power the CMGPS.

Note that using such a separate power supply unit keeps the CMGPS in "locked" mode when the CMC test set is switched off.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

Antenna input

3.3.2 Antenna Input

CMGPS uses an active antenna (see figure 3-4 on page 14).

Figure 3-9: Antenna input of the

CMGPS

The antenna is connected to the antenna input of the CMGPS (SMA socket) by means of the RG58 coaxial extension cable (see figure 3-5 on page 15).

This extension cable also serves as power supply cable for the antenna of the CMGPS.

Note: The coaxial extension cable supplied with CMGPS has a length of 15 m (45 ft.) If that is not sufficient, there is an optional extension set of 2 × 20 m (2 × 60 ft.) with SMA adapters available for a total extension of 40 m (120 ft.). Refer to figure 3-6 on page 15 for a view. For ordering information please refe r to table 8-1 on page 43.

When applying the optional 2 × 20 m (2 × 60 ft.) extension set, the original 15 m (45 ft.) extension cable cannot be used anymore.

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3.3.3 ext. Interf.

Communication interface to connect CMGPS to the CMC test set’s ext. Interf.

200 ms

The falling edge of this signal represents the synchronization point of time.

Figure 3-10: Communication interface ext. Interf.

Construction and Functioning

The ext. Interf. (Pulse out 1) is the communication interface between the

CMGPS and the CMC test set.

At this interface, the CMGPS is connected to the CMC test set by means of the supplied connection cable (see figure 3-3 on page 14).

This interface serves to

• configure the CMGPS via software (e.g., the synchronization time)

• send the "Pulse out 1" synchronization pulse to the CMC test set.

Standardized factory setting of the synchronization pulse is 200 ms output once

per minute.

Note: This output is only to be used together with an OMICRON CMC test set.

Do not use this output for other devices or other applications.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS



3.3.4 Pulse out 2 Interface

The Pulse out 2 interface is represented by two safety banana sockets.

Figure 3-11: The Pulse out 2 interface

Via these banana sockets, the synchronization pulse of the CMGPS can be picked up potential-free by means of an internal opto-electronic coupler (see also section 6.6 ”Pulse Out 2 Interface” on page 38).

It is put out following the standardized factory setting simultaneously to the synchronization pulse at the ext. Interf. connector.

Standardized factory setting of the synchronization pulse is 200 ms output once per minute.

This interface has been especially designed for the synchronization of a CMC test set without an integrated ext. Interf. connector.

In order to be able to trigger these CMC test sets by means of the GPS signal, the CMGPS synchronization signal from the Pulse out 2 interface may be connected to one of the CMC's binary inputs (see also documenta tion of the test set and/or software).

By means of the Pulse out 2 interface, the CMGPS can also be utilized as "standalone" synchronization unit without being connected to a CMC test set.

At present, the Test Universe software supports the configuration of a pulse output only. Therefore, the Pulse out 2 is synchronous to Pulse out 1.

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Figure 3-12:

18 VDCfrom

power supply unit

ext. Interf. Pulse

out 1

DC input

PWR

DC/DC

Pulse out 2

(VDE884)

Housing (metal)Gnd

GPS receiver

Interface modul

(pulse preparation)

Antenna

input

+5V

Block diagram of the CMGPS

Construction and Functioning

3.3.5 Block Diagram of the CMGPS

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

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Operating the CMGPS



4 Operating the CMGPS

Please check for the availability of all components prior to operating CMGPS. For a detailed list of the components please refer to the packaging list.

Standard scope of supply comprises:

• CMGPS synchronization unit

• antenna

• antenna extension cable

• connection cable CMGPS

• power supply unit 100 - 240 V

• CMGPS user manual.

The instructions for operating the CMGPS are based on the precondition that the CMC test set has been operated in accordance with its manual and is ready for use.

Operating the CMGPS is as follows:

• Connect the extension cable of the antenna to the CMGPS.

• Connect the antenna to the extension cable. Place the antenna at a suitable position that provides sufficient open sky.

Do not position the antenna of the CMGPS in an exposed position above the lightning rod or at another location endangered by lightning.

In addition, do not position the antenna within a control cabinet in the vicinity of flashover-endangere d spo ts .

⇔ CMC

/18 V

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

1. Connect the ext. Interf. of the CMGPS to the ext. Interf. input at the re ar of the CMC test set by means of the supplied connection cable VEHK0003 (shown in figure 3-3).

2. Plug in the DC adapter of the 100-240 V

/18 V

power supply unit to the DC in power supply input of the CMGPS.

3. Connect the power supply unit to a wall outlet.

Note: The power supply unit is not needed with upto-date test sets such as

CMC 256, CMC 256plus, CMC 353, CMC 356 and CMC 850. In conjunction

with the CMIRIG-B interface unit, use the above mentioned power supply unit to power the CMGPS.

Pulse

Searching Locked

LED "ON" is lit. LED "Searching/Locked" is lit.

4.1 Connecting the CMGPS to a CMC Test Set

Figure 4-1: CMGPS communication interface ext. Interf.

Figure 4-2: Power supply unit 100 - 240 VAC/18 VDC incl. plug-in adapter for country-specific wall outlets

1. Section 3.2 ”LED Status Display” on page 17 describes the state of the LED signalization during the activation and initialization of the CMGPS.

The following explanations are based on successful initialization and on the fact that the CMGPS locked itself to the GPS signal.

The state of the LEDs of the CMGPS should then be as follows:

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Figure 4-3:



Use two suitable cables with banana plugs and connect the Pulse out 2 interface ("+" and "-") to a binary input of the CMC 56.

Make sure the polarity of the connection cables is correct.

The Pulse out 2 interface

Operating the CMGPS

2. The synchronization pulse of 200 ms is sent in regular intervals of 1 minute (synchronization on falling edge). Every synchronization pulse sent is indicated by the "Pulse" LED that lights up for 500 ms.

3. This synchronization pulse can now be used as trigge r pulse for starting one or several test processes. The required settings are determined by software parameters (see respective software documentation and/or on-line help).

Typically, the CMGPS is ready for operation max. 10 minutes after the powe r supply has been applied to it. If this should not be the case, refer to section 7 ”Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies” on page 41.

4.2 Connecting the CMGPS to a CMC 56

Earlier versions of the CMC 56 test set do not have an ext. Interf. connector at their rear side. If you have such a test set, connect the CMGPS to a bina ry input instead.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

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5 Synchronizing Two or More CMC

CMGPS CMGPS

Signal Signal

Relay Relay

CMC 356 CMC 3563V, 3I, Trip 3V, 3I, Trip

Antenna Antenna

Test Universe

software

Test Universe

software

Figure 5-1: Example: Testing a power transmission line's protection system with two GPS-synchronized CMC test sets

Synchronizing Two or More CMC Test Sets

Test Sets

Figure 5-1 shows a typical field application of the CMGPS synchronization unit: Power transmission lines are usually protected by means of distance or

differential relays. Line differential relays require a signal link for comparing currents' amplitudes or phases at both ends of the line. Distance relays are qu ite often equipped with signal links in order to enable instantaneous tripping at 100 % of the protected line segment.

Here, two CMGPS synchronization units trigger two CMC test sets to start a test at the exact same point of time. Since the GPS signal is available worldwide, the physical distance between these test sets is thereby of no relevance ("end to end" testing).

The synchronization accuracy depends on the settings made at the Time Trigger Configuration window of the Test Universe software. Test Universe differentiates between standard and enhanced accuracy. See th e following chapters.

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GPS Syncronization Unit CMGPS

GPS output pulse

Binary input sampling of the CMC at substation A

Binary input sampling of the CMC at substation B

100 μs

The CMC at substation A picks up the GPS pulse

The CMC at substation B picks up the GPS pulse

Time difference < 100 μs

Falling slope is within

± 1 μs to

programmed time at both sides

5.1 Standard Accuracy Mode

If such a protection scheme is to be reliably tested, it has to be tested as a complete system, i.e. the relays on both sides of the transmission line, the

signal link and the functional interaction of all the components ha ve to be tested. Using two CMC test sets — one at the beginning of the transmission line and

one at the end — performs this function. The two devices are synchronized by means of a CMGPS.

After the CMGPS synchronization units have received signals from a sufficient number of satellites, they can determine the exact time.

Figure 5-2: Timing Relationship when using CMGPS and multiple CMC test sets

The GPS output pulse is issued at the same time (+/- 1 µs1) from the GPS receivers in both substations. The test sets have a 100 µs sampling rate for reading the status of the binary inputs, which also applies to the external input for the GPS output signal. The timing of the binary input sampling is not synchronized between the two test sets. Due to this, a time dif fe re nc e of up to 100 µs can appear between the pickup of the GPS pulse by the two test sets. This can result in an equivalent phase difference of a maximum of 1.8 ° at 50 Hz or a maximum of 2.16 ° at 60 Hz.

1. Depending on set accuracy (configuration in software)

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5.2 Enhanced Accuracy Mode

GPS output pulse

Analog output

Waiting condition - no output

Falling slope is within

± 1 μs to

programmed time at both sides

Time difference < 5 μs (typ.

≈ 1 μs)

Substation A

Substation B

first zero crossing



Figure 5-3: Behaviour of the Enhanced Accuracy Mode

Synchronizing Two or More CMC Test Sets

For applications with very high requirements of synchronization accuracy, the enhanced accuracy mode is provided. In this mode, the start of a test sequence can be synchronized with a timing error of less than 5 µs. Typically this error is

in range of only 1 µs

When using this mode, there is a special behaviour of the test equipment, which has to be considered. The test set enters a type of wait condition some milliseconds prior to the expected occurrence of the GPS pulse.

During this wait,

there is no output of signals.

Other restrictions with the enhanced accuracy mode are:

• It applies to the test sets CMC 256, CMC 256plus, CMC 353, CMC 356 and CMC 850, only.

• Supported by a selected range of test modules only (e.g., State Sequencer)

• The specified precision refers to the first state (start state) of a sequence

• Concurrent operation of the EnerLyzer is not supported.

Note that the 5 µs accuracy is restricted to the test start only. It does not apply to actions triggered by the following GPS pulses

1. Error corresponds to amplifier output signals (voltage/current) of CMGPS-synchronized test sets at configured GPS trigger event.

2. Together with the CMIRIG-B extension box, CMC outputs can be resynchronized with each 1PPS CMGPS pulse.

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GPS Syncronization Unit CMGPS

2 3

5.3 Using CMGPS in Conjunction with CMIRIG-B

Via the CMIRIG-B interface unit you can connect devices to CMC test sets that either transmit or receive the IRIG-B time reference signal (DC level shift protocol B00x). That way, two or more CMC test sets are synchronized. Furthermore, an optional CMGPS synchronization unit can be integrated into the test setup to serve as source of the synchronization moment or 1PPS signal, respectively. The CMC test set decodes (when receiving) or encodes (when transmitting) the IRIG-B protocol. The IRIG-B protocol extensions required by standard IEEE C37.118 are supported as well.

The most significant functional enhancement of those Test Universe test modules supporting the IRIG-B time reference is the starting and synchronizing of CMC test set states (signal output) with high accuracy synchronous to the IRIG-B synchrophasor tests.

Figure 5-4: Typical test setup with

CMIRIG-B

(not true to scale)

time reference or PPS/PPX2 signal, respectively; for example for PMU

Test signals (e.g., 3 x current, 3 x voltage). IRIG-B/PPS source, e.g. GPS receiver with IRIG-B output. IRIG-B/PPS receiver, e.g. protection relay, PMU. Optional CMGPS synchronizatio n unit (depends on the application ).

Requirements:

•A CMC 256 test set with Ethernet ports (not with PAR-1 option), a CMC 256plus, CMC 353, CMC 356 or a CMC 850 test set.

• IRIG-B source or receiver with 5 V/TTL level; demodulated; DC level shift protocol (B00x).

• In conjunction with the CMIRIG-B interface unit, use the 100-240 V 18 V

1. IRIG stands for Inter Range Instrumentation Group and represents a serial time code format.

2. PPS: pulses per second. PPX: programmable PPS signal (pulse rate, e.g., 1 pulse per minute or

one pulse per 10 seconds)

power supply unit to power the CMGPS.

Page 33

Figure 5-5:

CMC 356 analog outputs

IRIG-B OUT

PPX OUT

CMGPS 1PPS, IRIG-B/PPS IN

CMIRIG-B timing in detail

Table 5-1: Timing specifications

Synchronizing Two or More CMC Test Sets

CMIRIG-B timing specifications

Timing specifications

T1 (delay time PPS source to PPX OUT) < 1µs typ., 1.5µs max. T2 (time skew PPX OUT to IRIG-B OUT) < ± 0.1µs typ., ± 0.5µs max. T3 (time error of time reference source to

analog outputs)

- Current outputs

- Voltage outputs

± 5µs typ., ± 20µs guar. ± 1µs typ., ± 5µs guar.

1. Valid for CMC 356 output frequencies < 100Hz and re-synchronized analog output signals.

For basic information about the IRIG time codes standard, please refer to the CMIRIG-B Reference Manual or the Test Universe Help. Detailed information about the IRIG-B standard can be found, for example, in the IRIG SERIAL TIME CODE FORMATS publication at the url https://wsmrc2vger.wsmr.army.mil/ rcc/manuals/200-04/index.html.

For detailed information about the OMICRON CMIRIG-B interface unit please refer to the CMIRIG-B Reference Manual.

Detailed information about how to configure the Test Universe software component Time Trigger Configuration for the use of CMIRIG-B with or without CMGPS can be found in the CMIRIG-B Reference Manual and in the

Test Universe Help, topics Time Trigger Configuration and Hardware Configuration (IRIG-B & GPS tab).

Page 34

GPS Syncronization Unit CMGPS

Page 35

6.1 CMGPS in General

Table 6-1: General technical specifications of the

CMGPS

Technical Data

6 Technical Data

Guaranteed Features: The technical specifications indicated in this chapter are valid for 1 year from date of delivery.

CMGPS in general

Dimensions (w x h x d) 140 x 70 x 40 mm (5.5 x 2.25 x 1.6 in) Housing Metal, front panel with foil coating Weight 440 g (0.88 lb) Ambient temperature 0 ... 50 °C (32 ... 122 °F) Storage and transport –25 ... +70 °C (–13 ... +158 °F) Humidity range 5 ... 95 % relative humidity; non-condensing

6.2 GPS Receiver

Table 6-2: Technical specifications GPS receiver

GPS receiver

Number of SV

TTFF (time to first fix)

12 (satellites) Typ. 5 minutes

(for a set accuracy of < ±1 µs) Typ. 3 minutes

(for a set accuracy of < ±10 µs) Position fault < 5 m (16.4 ft) [1 σ] Identification antenna status OK, short circuit, defective

1. SV = "space vehicle". Max. number of satellites the receiver can use to determine position or time. The satellites providing the highest signal quality are considered. In general, the receiver only needs 4 - 5 satellites to determine position and time — depending on the signal quality.

2. TTFF = Time span the CMGPS needs to receive a sufficient number of satellite signals after switching on (to be "locked" to the signals). The higher the synchronization accuracy set via software (optimum: abs. error < ± 1

μs), the longer the time span will be.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

6.3 Power Supply

Table 6-3: Power supply

Power supply unit

Supply voltage Power supply unit Rated current input

Frequency

• nominal freq.:

• admissible range: Output voltage

Rated current output

Power supply CMGPS

Nominal supply voltage

CMGPS

Admissible range of power supply voltage

Power consumption 2.5 W Connection Reverse polarity protected Protection class II

100 - 240 V 400 mA

50/60 Hz 47 - 63 Hz

18 V

840 mA

18 V

+8 V

/ 150 mA

... +30 V

Table 6-4: Antenna

6.4 Antenna

Antenna

Antenna Active Connection of device Coaxial (SMA socket) Connection of antenna Screw-on type (SMA plug) Antenna extension cable

1. There is an optional extension set of 2 x 20 m (2 x 60 ft.) with SMA adapters available for a total extension of 40 m (120 ft.); refer to Table 8-1: ”Ordering information for the CMGPS synchronization (set)” on page 43.

RG58 50

Ω coaxial cable, 15 m (45 ft.)

(approx. 1 dB/m or 0.3 dB/ft)

Page 37

6.5 ext. Interf.



Figure 6-1: 16-pole LEMO™ socket

ext. Interf.

Table 6-5: Technical data ext. Interf. (output Pulse out 1)

Technical Data

This interface serves to connect the CMGPS to the CMC test set by means of the supplied connection cable VEHK0003 (see figure 3-3 on page 14).

ext. Interf. (output Pulse out 1)

Type CMOS output Accuracy

Pulse length 200 ms Pulse rate Configurable in steps of 1 second

Polarity of synchronization signal

First synchronization point of time

Absolute error < ± 1 µs

(1 s … 65535 s) Configurable to descending or ascending

edge Programmable

1. Accuracy of CMGPS. The synchronization of test sets depends on the accuracy set in the Test Universe software. Also refer to chapters 5.1 ”Standard Accuracy Mode” and 5.2 ”Enhanced Accuracy Mode”

The synchronization pulse is only put out if the CMGPS is able to meet the accuracy configured by the software.

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GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

At this interface the synchronization pulse of th e CMGPS can be picked up potential free via an internal opto-electronic coupler (open collector). At present, the Test Universe software supports the configuration of a pulse output only. Therefore, Pulse out 2 is synchronous to Pulse out 1.

+ UB (max. 30 V)

30 V

Pull-up resistor R

(optional)

Pulse out 2

Bin In +

GND

red +

black -

CMGPS CMC test set



6.6 Pulse Out 2 Interface

Figure 6-2: Pulse out 2 interface

Figure 6-3: Block diagram of the Pulse out 2 interface

Table 6-6: Technical specifications Pulse out 2 interface

Interface Pulse out 2

Type Output by optoelectronic coupler (open collector) Accuracy

Pulse length 200 ms Pulse rate Configurable in steps of 1 s (1 s … 65535 s) Polarity of synch. signal Configurable to falling or rising edge First synchronization point

of time Specifications of the open

collector output transistor:

•I

Cmax

•U

CEmax

1. Depending on accuracy set in the Test Universe software

The synchronization pulse is only put out if the CMGPS is able to meet the accuracy configured by the software.

Absolute error < ±5 µs

Programmable

5mA 30 V (red socket +, black socket –)

Page 39

Table 6-7: Electromagnetic Compatibility

Technical Data

6.7 CE Conformity, Electromagnetic Compatibility

CE Conformity

The product adheres to the specifications of the guidelines of the council of the European Community for meeting the requirements of the member states regarding the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Directive 2004/108/EC and the low voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Emission

6.8 Insulation Coordination

Table 6-8: Insulation coordination

Europe International USA

EN 61326-1; EN 61000-6-4; EN 61000-3-2/3 IEC 61326-1; IEC 61000-6-4; IEC 61000-3-2/3 FCC Subpart B of Part 15 Class A

Immunity

Europe International

EN 61326-1; EN 61000-6-2; EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11 IEC 61326-1; IEC 61000-6-2; IEC 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11

Insulation coordination

Insulation of Pulse out 2

Complies with EN 61010-1 and EN 60950-1 interface with regard to housing and/or ext. Interf.

Max. operating voltage 250 V Test voltage 3000 V

Air gap > 5 mm (0.2 in) Creep path > 6 mm (0.24 in)

Page 40

GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

6.9 Safety Standards, Certificates

Table 6-9: Safety Standards, Certificates

Certified Safety Standards Europe EN 61010-1

International

Insulation of Pulse out 2 interface with regard to housing and/or ext. Interf. complies with EN 60950-1.

IEC 61010-1 USA Canada

Certificate

UL 61010-1

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 61010-1-04

Manufactured under an ISO9001 registered system.

Page 41

7 Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies

Table 7-1: Faults, possible causes and elimination - I

Table 7-2: Faults, possible causes and elimination - II

Fault Possible cause Remedy

CMGPS without power, LED "ON" is off.

Fault Possible cause Remedy

Both LEDs "Searching/Locked" and "Pulse" are off, LED "ON" is lit

Faults, Possible Causes, Remedies

Power supply unit defective.

Check output voltage of the power supply unit by means of a voltmeter (nominal value: 18 V

Malfunction of the

CMGPS.

Please contact the OMICRON Technical Support (see ”Contact Information / Technical Support” on page 45).

Antenna not connected Check connection. Cable connection

antenna

⇔ CMGPS

defective.

Check screwed fittings and contact quality of the coaxial cable at each connection.

Malfunction of hardware.

Read out the fault description via software. For information how to do that, start the Test Universe Help from the OMICRON Start Page (or any test module) and navigate to the table of contents entry

--- Start Page ---. Click OMICRON Start Page

and scroll down to the subheader Support. There you’ll find

Diagnosis & Calibration.

Antenna defective. Please contact the

OMICRON Technical Support (see ”Contact Information / Technical Support” on page 45).

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GPS Syncronization Unit CMGPS

Table 7-3: Faults, possible causes and elimination - III

LED "Searching/Locked" has been flashing for approx. 20 minutes, CMGPS cannot be successfully locked to the GPS signal (TTFF considerably exceeded).

Table 7-4: Faults, possible causes and elimination - IV

LED "Searching/Locked" is lit, CMGPS is locked to the GPS signal, but there is no synchronization pulse.

Fault Possible cause Remedy

Cable connection antenna

⇔ CMGPS

defective.

Check screwed fittings and contact quality of the coaxial cable at each connection.

Position of antenna inappropriate.

Place antenna in a more exposed location that provides sufficient open sky.

Antenna or antenna cable defective.

Malfunction of the

CMGPS.

Replace defective component.

Please contact the OMICRON Technical Support (see ”Contact Information / Technical Support” on page 45).

Fault Possible cause Remedy

Timing parameter for putting out the synchronization pulse is set wrong or too long.

Malfunction of the

CMGPS.

Check the settings by means of the software. If necessary change settings.

Please contact the OMICRON Technical Support (see ”Contact Information / Technical Support” on page 45).

Page 43

8 Appendix

8.1 Ordering Information

Table 8-1: Ordering information for

the CMGPS

synchronization (set)

Table 8-2: Ordering information for individual or optional components

Appendix

CMGPS synchronization unit Part no.

CMGPS synchronization unit set, consisting of

VEHZ3000

– CMGPS synchronization unit (see figure 3-1 on page 13) – power supply unit 100 - 240 V

/18 V

, incl. plug-in

adapter for various country-specific wall outlets – active antenna – 15 m (50 ft) antenna cable – 16-pole LEMO connection cable CMGPS

⇔ CMC test set

– carrying bag

Individual and optional components Part no.

Power supply unit 100 - 240 V

/18 V

, incl. plug-in adapter

VEHZ1103

for various country-specific wall outlets (see figure 3-2 on page

13) Active antenna (see figure 3-4 on page 14) VEHZ3001 Cables:

– 16-pole LEMO connection cable CMGPS

(see figure 3-3 on page 14) – 15 m (50 ft) antenna cable (see figure 3-5 on page 15)

⇔ CMC test set

VEHK0003 VEHK3002

– 2 × 20 m (2 x 60 ft) antenna extension cable and SMA

adapter for an extension of 40 m (see figure 3-6 on page 15).

VEHZ3003 Note: when connecting VEHZ3003, VEHK3002 cannot be used anymore.

Reference manual for CMGPS VESD0200

CMGPS carrying bag VEHP0020 CMIRIG-B interface unit with all accessories VEHZ1150 CMIRIG-B interface unit without accessories VEHZ1151 Connection cable CMIRIG-B

⇔ CMC test set VEHK0003

CMIRIG-B Reference Manual VESD1150

Page 44

GPS Syncronization Unit CMGPS

8.2 Cleaning

To clean the CMGPS, use a cloth dampened with isop ropanol alcohol or water. Prior to cleaning, always unplug the CMGPS from the mains and disconnect CMGPS from the CMC test set.

Page 45

Contact Information / Technical Support

North and South America

OMICRON electronics Corp. USA 12 Greenway Plaza, Suite 1510 Houston, TX 77046, USA Phone: +1 713 830-4660 or 1 800 OMICRON

E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.omicronusa.com

Asia, Pacific

OMICRON electronics Asia Ltd. Suite 2006, 20/F, Tower 2 The Gateway, Harbour City Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R. Phone: +852 2634 0377 E-Mail: [email protected]

Web: http://www.omicron.at

Europe, Africa, Middle East

OMICRON electronics GmbH Oberes Ried 1 6833 Klaus, Austria Phone: +43 5523 507-333

E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.omicron.at

For addresses of OMICRON offices with customer serv ice ce nt er s, re gio n al sale s offices or offices for training, consulting and commissioning, please see the Contact section of our Web site http://www.omicron.at

Page 46

Contact Information / Technical Support

Page 47

Index

address

OMICRON addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Antenna

CMGPS antenna input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

components list of CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . 14

technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Banana sockets

Pulse out 2 interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Binary input

synchronization pulse at the . . . . . . . . . . 22

triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Block diagram of the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

data

technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Designated use of CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Dimensions of CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

electromagnetic compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

e-mail

OMICRON addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Example of use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

ext. Interf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 26

technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Extension cable for antenna

components of the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . 15

CE conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

CMC56 without CMExif module . . . . . . . . . . 27

CMIRIG-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Components of the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Connection cable CMGPS - CMC . . . . . . . . . 14

Connections

antenna input of the CMGPS . . . . . . . . . . 20

power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

contact information

OMICRON addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Frequency range GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

GLONASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

GPS

technical principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

what is GPS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

GPS receiver

passive receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Page 48

GPS Synchronization Unit CMGPS

hotline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Housing - technical specifications . . . . . . . . . 35

Insulation concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Interface Pulse out 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

IRIG-B time reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

NAVSTAR satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Optoelectronic coupler - output Pulse out 2 . 22

Technical specifications CMGPS . . . . . . . . . 35

Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Test Universe software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

and pulse output "Pulse out 2" . . . . . . . . 22

Triggering via GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Web site

OMICRON Web site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Weight - technical specifications . . . . . . . . . 35

Power supply unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Pulse out 2 interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Safety standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

synchronization

via CMIRIG-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

via GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Synchronization point of time

at "Pulse out 2" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

at the ext. Interf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Synchronization pulse - time interval . . . . . . 27