Omicron CMC 356 User Manual

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CMC 356

User Manual

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Article Number VESD2003 - Version CMC356.AE.4

This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics.

All rights including translation reserved. Reproduction of any kind, e.g., photocopying, microfilming, optical character recognition and/or storage in electronic data processing systems, requires the explicit consent of OMICRON electronics.

Reprinting, wholly or in part, is not permitted. The product information, specifications, and technical data embodied in this manual represent the technical status at the time of writing and are subject to change without prior notice.

We have done our best to ensure that the information given in this manual is useful, accurate and entirely reliable. However, OMICRON electronics does not assume responsibility for any inaccuracies which may be present.

The user is responsible for every application that makes use of an OMICRON product.

OMICRON electronics translates this manual from the source language English into a number of other languages. Any translation of this manual is done for local requirements, and in the event of a dispute between the English and a non-English version, the English version of this manual shall govern.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface...................................................................................................................... 7

Safety Instructions .................................................................................................. 8

1 Designated Use ............................................................................................ 11

2 Introduction .................................................................................................. 12

2.1 Options Available for the CMC 356 Test Set ................................................................. 12

3 Operating the CMC 356 ............................................................................... 13

3.1 System Components ..................................................................................................... 13

3.2 Safe Use of the Connecting Cables ............................................................................... 14

3.2.1 Test Lead Adapter for Non-Safety Sockets ....................................................... 14

3.3 Regular Test Leads for Safety Sockets .......................................................................... 15

3.3.1 Terminal adapters.............................................................................................. 15

3.3.2 M4 (0.15") Cable Lug Adapters ......................................................................... 16

3.3.3 M5 (0.20") Cable Lug Adapters ......................................................................... 16

3.4 Starting the Test System ................................................................................................ 17

4 Setup and Function ..................................................................................... 19

4.1 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 20

4.1.1 Voltage Output (Voltage Amplifier) .................................................................... 21

4.1.2 Current Output (Current Amplifier)..................................................................... 22

4.1.3 Binary / Analog Input (Binary Inputs 1 - 10) ....................................................... 23

4.1.4 Binary Output..................................................................................................... 23

4.1.5 AUX DC (DC Power for Test Objects) ............................................................... 24

4.1.6 CPU ................................................................................................................... 25

4.1.7 Power Supplies (DC-DC)................................................................................... 25

4.2 Signal Generation.......................................................................................................... 25

4.2.1 Accuracy and Signal Quality .............................................................................. 26

5 Connections and Interfaces ........................................................................ 27

5.1 Front Panel Connections ............................................................................................... 27

5.1.1 Generator Combination Socket for VOLTAGE OUTPUT and CURRENT

OUTPUT ............................................................................................................ 30

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

5.2 Connections on the Back Panel .................................................................................... 32

5.2.1 Ethernet Ports ETH1 and ETH2 ........................................................................ 32

5.2.2 ! Button .............................................................................................................. 33

5.2.3 Associate Button................................................................................................ 33

5.2.4 Status LED A, B................................................................................................. 34

5.2.5 Ethernet / Network Settings ............................................................................... 34

5.2.6 SELV Interfaces................................................................................................. 36

5.2.6.1 External Interface ("ext. Interf.") ......................................................... 36

5.2.6.2 LL out 1-6 (Low Level Outputs 1-6) .................................................... 37

5.2.6.3 LL out 7-12 (Low Level Outputs 7-12) - Option "LLO-2"..................... 37

6 Technical Data .............................................................................................. 39

6.1 Main Power Supply........................................................................................................ 39

6.2 Insulation Coordination.................................................................................................. 40

6.3 Outputs .......................................................................................................................... 41

6.3.1 Extended Frequency Range .............................................................................. 42

6.3.2 Current Outputs ................................................................................................. 43

6.3.3 Voltage Outputs ................................................................................................. 48

6.3.3.1 Power Diagram for Three-Phase Operation ....................................... 49

6.3.3.2 Power Diagram for Single-Phase Operation ...................................... 50

6.3.4 Operational Limits in Conjunction with Mains Supply ........................................ 51

6.3.5 Low Level Outputs "LL out" for External Amplifiers ........................................... 52

6.3.6 Low-Level Binary Outputs ("ext. Interf.")............................................................ 54

6.3.7 Binary Output Relays......................................................................................... 56

6.3.8 DC Supply (AUX DC)......................................................................................... 57

6.4 Inputs.............................................................................................................................. 58

6.4.1 Binary Inputs...................................................................................................... 58

6.4.2 Counter Inputs 100 kHz (Low Level) ................................................................. 61

6.5 Technical Data of the Ethernet Ports.............................................................................. 63

6.5.1 The NET-1B Board ............................................................................................ 63

6.5.2 The NET-1 Board............................................................................................... 64

6.6 Environmental Conditions............................................................................................... 65

6.6.1 Climate............................................................................................................... 65

6.6.2 Shock and Vibration........................................................................................... 65

6.7 Mechanical Data............................................................................................................ 65

6.8 Cleaning ........................................................................................................................ 65

6.9 Safety Standards, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and Certificates ..................... 66

6.10 Option ELT-1 ................................................................................................................. 67

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Table of Contents

6.10.1 General Data ..................................................................................................... 68

6.10.2 Analog DC Input (VDC, IDC) ............................................................................. 69

6.10.3 Accuracy of the Analog DC Input....................................................................... 70

6.10.4 Measuring Currents ........................................................................................... 71

6.10.5 Accuracy of Binary/Analog Inputs with Option ELT-1 ........................................ 72

6.10.6 Multimeter Mode ................................................................................................ 73

6.10.6.1 Accuracy of AC Measurements .......................................................... 74

6.10.6.2 Channel Cross-Talk............................................................................ 76

6.10.6.3 Accuracy of Phase Measurement....................................................... 77

6.10.6.4 Accuracy of Frequency Measurement................................................ 79

6.10.6.5 Accuracy of Power Measurement....................................................... 80

6.10.7 Harmonic Analysis ............................................................................................. 84

6.10.7.1 Accuracy of Frequency Measurement................................................ 85

6.10.7.2 Accuracy of Amplitude Measurement................................................. 86

6.10.7.3 Accuracy of Phase Measurement....................................................... 87

6.10.8 Transient Recording .......................................................................................... 88

6.10.9 Trend Recording ................................................................................................ 89

6.11 Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)................................................................................. 90

7 Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes ....................................... 91

7.1 Safety Instructions for High Current Output................................................................... 91

7.2 Single-Phase Operation of the CMC 356 ...................................................................... 92

7.2.1 1 x 32 A High Burden Mode (L-L-L-L)................................................................ 92

7.2.2 1 x 64 A High Burden and High Current Mode (L-L).......................................... 93

7.2.3 1 x 128 A High Current Mode (LL-LN) ............................................................... 94

7.2.4 Single-Phase Voltage ........................................................................................ 95

7.3 Two-Phase Operation..................................................................................................... 96

7.3.1 2 x 64 A High Current Mode (LL-LN) ................................................................. 96

7.3.2 2 x 32 A High Burden Mode (L-L) ...................................................................... 97

7.4 Three-Phase Current Mode with High Burden ............................................................... 98

7.5 Operation with External Amplifiers ................................................................................. 99

8 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................... 101

8.1 Troubleshooting Guide ................................................................................................ 101

8.2 Potential Errors, Possible Causes, Remedies............................................................. 102

8.3 Overheating .................................................................................................................. 103

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

9 CMC 356-Related Products and Accessories ......................................... 105

9.1 CMA Current Amplifiers & CMS Voltage Amplifiers .................................................... 105

9.2 CMControl-6 ................................................................................................................. 106

9.3 Time Synchronization Accessories............................................................................... 107

9.3.1 CMGPS............................................................................................................ 107

9.3.2 CMIRIG-B ........................................................................................................ 109

9.4 100TX to 100FX-SC Converter .................................................................................... 111

9.5 Current Clamp C-PROBE1........................................................................................... 112

9.6 Accessories for Meter Testing ...................................................................................... 113

9.6.1 Scanning Head OSH256 ................................................................................. 113

9.6.2 Interface Box IFB256 ....................................................................................... 114

9.6.3 Scanning Head TK 326.................................................................................... 115

9.6.4 Scanning Head TVS 6.15/1 ............................................................................. 116

9.6.5 Adapter Cable for Scanning Heads ................................................................. 117

9.6.6 CMLIB B .......................................................................................................... 118

9.6.7 CMLIB A .......................................................................................................... 119

9.6.8 CPOL Polarity Tester....................................................................................... 120

9.6.9 Connection Cable for REF 54x Relays (ABB) with Low Level Signal Inputs ... 121

9.6.10 C-Shunt............................................................................................................ 122

9.7 Wiring Accessories ....................................................................................................... 123

9.7.1 Standard Delivery Scope ................................................................................. 123

9.7.2 Optional CMC Wiring Accessory Package ...................................................... 124

9.8 Ordering Information..................................................................................................... 127

Appendix .............................................................................................................. 133

Contact Information / Technical Support ...........................................................137

Index ..................................................................................................................... 139

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Preface

PREFACE

The purpose of this reference manual is to familiarize users with the CMC 356 test set and to show how to properly use it in various application areas.

The manual contains important tips on how to use the CMC 356 safely, properly, and efficiently. Its purpose is to help you avoid danger, repair costs, and down time as well as to help maintain the reliability and life of the CMC 356.

This manual is to be supplemented by existing national safety standards for accident prevention and environmental protection.

The reference manual should always be available at the site where the CMC 356 is used. It should be read by all personnel operating the test set.

Note: The OMICRON Test Universe software also installs a PDF version of this reference manual. It can directly be opened by a mouse-click from the help topic "User Manuals of OMICRON Test Universe".

In addition to the reference manual and the applicable safety regulations in the country and at the site of operation, the usual technical procedures for safe and competent work should be heeded.

Note: This reference manual describes the CMC 356 hardware - that is, the physical test set. In order to get familiar with the software for controlling and configuring the CMC 356, please refer to the software manuals and/or the OMICRON Test Universe Help.

For Your Safety Please Note

The CMC 356 test set can output life-hazardous voltages and currents.

Throughout the manual, this symbol indicates special safety-relevant notes/directions linked to the possibility of touching live voltages and/or currents. Please thoroughly read and follow those directions to avoid life-

hazardous

This symbol indicates potential hazards by electrical voltages/currents caused by, for example, wrong connections, short-circuits, technically inadequate or faulty equipment or by disregarding the safety notes of the following sections.

situations.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Before operating the CMC 356 test set, carefully read the following safety instructions.

Only operate (or even turn on) the CMC 356 after you have read this reference manual and fully understood the instructions herein.

The CMC 356 may only be operated by trained personnel. Any maloperation can result in damage to property or persons.

Rules for Use

•The CMC 356 should only be used when in a technically sound condition. Its use should be in accordance with the safety regulations for the specific job site and application. Always be aware of the dangers of the high voltages and currents associated with this equipment. Pay attention to the information provided in the reference manual and the software documentation.

•The CMC 356 is exclusively intended for the application areas specified in section 1, "Designated Use" on page 11. The manufacturer/ distributors are not liable for damage resulting from unintended usage. The user alone assumes all responsibility and risk.

• The instructions provided in this reference manual and the associated software manuals are considered part of the rules governing proper usage.

• Do not open the CMC 356 or remove any of its housing components.

Orderly Practices and Procedures

• The reference manual (or its "electronic PDF pendant", which is installed to your computer with the OMICRON Test Universe software) should always be available on site where the CMC 356 is used.

Note: The OMICRON Test Universe software also installs a PDF version of this reference manual. It can directly be opened by a mouse-click from the help topic "User Manuals of OMICRON Test Universe". The Test Universe Help can be launched by clicking Help on the Start Page.

• Personnel assigned to using the CMC 356 must have read this reference manual and fully understood the instructions herein.

• Do not carry out any modifications, extensions or adaptations at the CMC 356.

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Safety Instructions

Operator Qualifications

• Testing with the CMC 356 should only be carried out by authorized and qualified personnel.

• Personnel receiving training, instruction, direction, or education on the CMC 356 should remain under the constant supervision of an experienced operator while working with the equipment.

Safe Operation Procedures

• Follow the instructions in sections 3.2 and 3.4 that describe the safe use of the connecting cables and how to set the CMC 356 into operation.

•The CMC 356 must only be used from a power outlet that has a protective earth.

• Do not block the access to safety-relevant test set components like the main power switch or the power cord. In cases of an emergency, these components need free and quick access.

• Do not connect any of the front panel VOLTAGE/CURRENT OUTPUTS 1 ... 3 or VOLTAGE OUTPUT 4, respectively, to protective earth. The N sockets, however, may be connected to protective earth.

• When connecting to the banana plug sockets, only use cables with 4 mm/0.16 " safety banana connectors and plastic housing. Always insert plugs completely.

• Before connecting and disconnecting test objects, verify that all outputs have been turned off. Never connect or disconnect a test object while the outputs are active.

• When disconnecting power supply cables or test leads, always start from the device feeding the power or signal.

• All sockets on the front panel are to be considered dangerous with working voltages up to 300 V

respective requirements to connect to the equipment.

• Red Signal Light : If the voltage on any of the four voltage outputs or on the "AUX DC" output exceeds 42 V, the associated signal light lights up.

• Do not insert objects (e.g., screwdrivers, etc.) into the sockets or into the ventilation slots.

• Do not operate the CMC 356 under wet or moist conditions (condensation).

. Only use cables that meet these

rms

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

• Do not operate the CMC 356 when explosive gas or vapors are present.

• The SELV interface (SELV = S "Host Interf." or “ETH1”, "LL out" (L should only have external devices connected that meet the requirements for SELV equipment according to EN 60950 or IEC 60950.

• For applications drawing DC current: The load may not exceed 3 mH because of dangerous feedback current.

• When setting up the CMC 356, make sure that the air slots on the back, top, and bottom of the test set remain unobstructed.

• Voltages up to 1 kV can be present inside the CMC 356! Therefore, opening the CMC 356 is only permitted by qualified experts either at the factory or at certified external repair centers.

•If the CMC 356 is opened by the customer, all guarantees are invalidated.

• CMC 356 Ethernet functionality (see section 5.2.1, "Ethernet Ports ETH1 and ETH2" on page 32):

- It is a product of laser class 1 (EN 60825, IEC 60825).

- Connect ETH1 only to Ethernet ports.

•If the CMC 356 seems to be functioning improperly, please contact the OMICRON Tecnical Support (see section "Contact Information / Technical Support" on page 137).

afety Extra Low Voltage) of the CMC 356 -

ow Level Outputs), "ext. Interf." -

Changing the Power Fuse

• Unplug the power cord between the test set and the power source.

• The fuse is located at the back of the test set.

• Fuse type: T12.5 AH 250 V (wire fuse 5 × 20 mm).

For safety reasons please use only fuse types recommended by the manufacturer. Refer to 6.1, "Main Power Supply" on page 39 for more information.

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1DESIGNATED USE

The CMC 356 is a computer-controlled test set for the testing of:

• protection relays

• transducers

• energy meters

• PQ (power quality) analyzers.

In addition to the test functions, optional high-performance measurement functions [0 Hz (DC) ... 10 kHz] for ten analog inputs are available.

The CMC 356 is part of the OMICRON Test Universe which, in addition to the physical test set, consists of a test software for a computer with Windows current amplifiers, GPS or IRIG-B synchronization units or other accessories.

operating system, and, when needed, external voltage and/or

Designated Use

Features of the CMC 356:

• Output of test quantities:

-4 × voltage

- two galvanically separated three-phase current outputs.

• Capability of protection testing with IEC 61850 devices.

• Control of external amplifiers (up to 12 additional test signals) through the low-level interface.

• Supply of DC voltages to the test object.

• Output of binary signals.

• Capture of binary signals and counter impulses.

• Option ELT-1: Measurement and analysis of DC and AC voltages and currents by means of a clip-on probe (refer to section 6.10, "Option ELT-1" on page

67) or a measurement shunt.

Any other use of the CMC 356 is considered improper and may result in damage to property or persons.

Windows is a US registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

2INTRODUCTION

2.1 Options Available for the CMC 356 Test Set

The CMC 356 is a part of the OMICRON Test Universe which, in addition to the physical test set, consists of a test software for a computer with Microsoft Windows operating system, and, when needed, external voltage and/or current amplifiers, GPS or IRIG-B synchronization units or other accessories (refer to section 9, "CMC 356-Related Products and Accessories" on page 105).

This reference manual describes the hardware of the CMC 356. The configuration and control of the CMC 356 is carried out by the test software of the OMICRON Test Universe. For more detailed information, please read the user manuals and the OMICRON Test Universe Help.

Note: The OMICRON Test Universe software also installs a PDF version of this reference manual. It can directly be opened by a mouse-click from the Test Universe Help topic "User Manuals".

The following options are available for the CMC 356 test set:

• ELT-1

This hardware option enables:

• Measurement of analog signals using the combined

BINARY / ANALOG INPUT sockets.

• High-precision measurement of DC signals using the ANALOG DC

INPUT sockets.

For detailed information, please refer to section 6.10, "Option ELT-1" on page 67).

• LLO-2 (low level outputs 7-12)

SELV interface connector holding two independent generator triples (SELV = S analog signal sources can serve to either control an external amplifier or to directly provide small signal outputs.

For more information please refer section 6.3.5, "Low Level Outputs "LL out" for External Amplifiers" on page 52.

afety Extra Low Voltage). These six additional high accuracy

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• FL-6

In a number of countries (e.g., Japan), the export of multiphase generators able to output steady signals with a frequency between 600 Hz and 2000 Hz is not permitted.

The FL-6 option constraints the maximum fundamental frequency that the test set can generate to 599 Hz. Test sets with the FL-6 option can therefore be exported without any restrictions (refer to 6.3, "Outputs" on page 41).

3OPERATING THE CMC 356

Only operate (or even turn on) the CMC 356 after you have read this reference manual and fully understood the instructions herein.

3.1 System Components

Operating the CMC 356

Before operating the CMC 356 for the first time, use the packing list to verify that all components of the test system are available.

To set the CMC 356 into operation you need the following components:

• CMC 356 with (mains) power cable

• Connecting cable CMC 356 ↔ PC

• Connecting cable CMC 356 ↔ test object

• PC equipped with an Ethernet port and the OMICRON Test Universe software.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Retractable sleeve

↔

Safety socket of, for example, the CMC 356 test set.

↔

Regular test lead

Non-safety socket

Test lead adapter

3.2 Safe Use of the Connecting Cables

3.2.1 Test Lead Adapter for Non-Safety Sockets

The optional CMC Wiring Accessory Package includes flexible test lead adapters of 5 cm/2 " length with a retractable sleeve (6 x black, 6 x red).

These test leads are to be used as adapters, only. They are intended to make the 4 mm/0.16 " banana plugs of the standard test leads fit into non-safety sockets (see illustration above).

Never directly insert one of these retractable sleeves into a CMC 356 output socket at the front of the test set. This does not comply with the

designated purpose of these leads and is contrary to the safety regulations.

Plug only the regular test leads of 2.0 m/6 ft. length into the CMC 356 output safety sockets.

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3.3 Regular Test Leads for Safety Sockets

Regular test lead

or to safety socket,

e.g., at test object.

CMC 356 test set

or amplifier

to terminal strip

↔

Regular test lead

Terminal adapter

Use the regular test leads of 2.0 m/6 ft. length to connect the CMC 356 output to other safety sockets of, for example, amplifiers, test objects or to banana adapters in control cabinets.

3.3.1 Terminal adapters

The optional CMC Wiring Accessory Package includes flexible terminal adapters to connect the regular test leads to screw-clamp terminals.

Operating the CMC 356

The terminal adapters have blank ends. Therefore, turn off the voltage before connecting these adapters. Always insert an adapter with its blank end into the terminal strip first, and fasten it before connecting it to a test lead.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

↔

Regular test lead

M4 (0.15") cable lug adapter

↔

Regular test lead

M5 (0.20") cable lug adapter

3.3.2 M4 (0.15") Cable Lug Adapters

3.3.3 M5 (0.20") Cable Lug Adapters

The optional CMC Wiring Accessory Package includes M4 (0.15") cable lug adapters to connect regular test leads to screw-clamp terminals of SEL/ABB/GE relays (and others).

The cable lugs have blank ends. Therefore, turn off the voltage before connecting such a lug. Always insert the cable lug with its blank end into the terminal strip first, and fasten it, before connecting it to a test lead.

The optional CMC Wiring Accessory Package includes M5 (0.20") cable lug adapters to connect regular test leads to common and most widespread screw-clamp terminal types.

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3.4 Starting the Test System

OMICRON-supplied connecting cable

Figure 3-1: Connecting the CMC 356 to the computer

Operating the CMC 356

The following description assumes that the computer has been set up and that the test software for the OMICRON Test Universe has been installed.

Detailed instructions for installing the software for the OMICRON Test Universe can be found in the software manual "The Concept".

This description refers both to the computer and to the CMC 356. It does not take into consideration any external devices. If the system is driven by external amplifiers, follow the instructions in section 7.5, "Operation with External Amplifiers" on page 99.

When setting up the CMC 356, it is most important to make sure that the ventilation slots remain unobstructed.

Connecting the System Components:

1. Connect the CMC 356 to the PC with the supplied connecting cable1:

• CMC 356: Connector ETH1 at the rear sinde of the test set

• PC: Ethernet port (labeled “EtherNET”, “LAN” or similar).

For instructions to help you to incorporate network-capable CMC test sets, such as the CMC 356 into a computer network, please refer to the manual "Network-based CMC Test Sets". This manual is provided in PDF format; its name is Network-based test sets.pdf. It is available on your hard disk at Test Universe installation folder\Test Universe\Doc\.

To ensure the required EMC compatibility, we recommended to only use the OMICRONsupplied connecting cable.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

2. Connect the CMC 356 test set to the mains.

3. Turn on both devices.

4. Start the OMICRON Tes t U ni ver s e software.

A comprehensive hardware test is carried out on the CMC 356. In the process, switching sounds from relays in the CMC test set can be heard. If any irregularities are determined during the course of this self-test, the software displays a corresponding error message on the PC monitor (refer to section 8, "Troubleshooting" on page 101).

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Setup and Function

4SETUP AND FUNCTION

The computer-controlled OMICRON test system employs the concept of a functional division between the software running on the computer and the CMC 356 hardware connected to the test object.

OMICRON Test Universe test software running on the computer

• controls the test signals

• processes measurement data

• creates reports

• generates data entries.

The CMC 356 test set

• creates test signals (currents, voltages, binary signals)

• measures the reaction (analog and binary) from the test object

• supplies DC-current to test objects.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

1* Note regarding the hardware option ELT-1:

The hardware option ELT-1 enables the measurement of analog signals using the CMC 356. In the standard configuration (CMC 356 without option ELT-1), the inputs BINARY/ANALOG INPUT 1 - 10 can only be used as binary inputs, and DC inputs are not available.

Main Grou p

SELV Group

AUX DC

Internal

Supplies

VOLTAGE

CURRENT A

CURRENT B

CPU

System Control

(Signa l Genera tor)

Mains

Host

Interface

DC DC

Ext.

Ampl.

Counter

1,2

Bin. Out

11...14

CMGPS

IRIG-B

34 21

BINARY OUTPUT

LL out

7-12

(optional)

LL out

1-6

ext.

Interf.

ADC

ANALOG DC INPU TS

AFE

BINARY/ANALOG INPUT

working i solation

4.1 Block Diagram

Figure 4-1: Main block diagram of the CMC 356

AFE

0...264V 4 x 0...300V

3 x 0...32A

AFE

Contro l AUX DC

VOLTAGE

OUTPUT

Contro l

CURRENT

OUTPUT A

Contro l

CURRENT

OUTPUT B

Contro l

Ext.

Ampl.

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Figure 4-2: Voltage amplifier (voltage outputs)

The block schematic diagram in figure 4-1 shows all externally accessible signals with gray shading. Every gray area represents a galvanic group that is isolated from all of the other galvanic groups.

The power connection ("power supply group") and the connections for “SELV group” (SELV = S

afety Extra Low Voltage) are available on the back of the test set. All other gray shaded groups are available on the front of the test set. The safety relevant isolated circuits (power ↔ SELV, power ↔ front plate, and front plate ↔ SELV) are marked as "reinforced isolation" in the block diagram.

4.1.1 Voltage Output (Voltage Amplifier)

Setup and Function

The four voltage outputs have a common neutral N and are galvanically separated from all other outputs of the CMC 356. The two black sockets labeled "N" are galvanically connected with one another.

The voltage amplifier and the current amplifiers are linear amplifiers with DC coupling. The voltage outputs work in two ranges:

• Range 1: 4 x 0 ... 150 V

• Range 2: 4 x 0 ... 300 V

Protecting the Voltage Outputs

All voltage outputs are protected for open circuits, L-N short-circuits, and overload. Should the heat sink overheat, a thermal switch turns off all outputs.

Overload Warning Flagged in the Software

When a voltage output is overloaded, a corresponding warning is displayed in the user interface of the test software of the OMICRON Tes t Uni ve rse (like described in, for example, section 8.3, "Overheating" on page 103).

Do not connect any of the VOLTAGE OUTPUTS 1 ... 3 or VOLTAGE OUTPUT 4, respectively, to protective earth. The N sockets, however, may be connected to protective earth.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

CURRENT OUTPUT A

CURRENT OUTPUT B

Two galvanically separated three-phase current outputs, each with their own neutral (N).

Each output is galvanically separated from all other connections of the CMC 356.

4.1.2 Current Output (Current Amplifier)

Figure 4-3: CMC 356 current outputs groups A & B

The current amplifiers are implemented as switched mode amplifiers with DC coupling. With this technology it is possible to achieve high power density in a very compact structure. The DC coupling enables a precise reproduction of transients or DC offsets.

Protecting the Current Outputs

All current outputs are protected for open circuits, short-circuits, and overload. If the heat sink overheats, a thermo switch turns off all outputs. The output sockets are internally protected against currents > 45 A

(32A

; the CMC 356 switches off with the error message "current on

rms

neutral too high").

In non-operative state, relay contacts (as illustrated in figure 5-3) protect the current amplifier from external power by shortening the outputs to N.

Caution: If there is an in-feed from an external source, the current outputs can be damaged or destroyed.

Overload Warning Flagged in the Software

When a current output is overloaded, a corresponding warning is displayed in the user interface of the test software of the OMICRON Test Universe (like described in, for example, section 8.3, "Overheating" on page 103).

Please see also section 7.1, "Safety Instructions for High Current Output" on page 91.

peak

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4.1.3 Binary / Analog Input (Binary Inputs 1 - 10)

Four binary outputs are available for use as potential-free relay contacts.

More detailed information about the configuration of the binary outputs can be found in the OMICRON Test Universe Help.

Figure 4-4: Binary/analog inputs 1 - 10

Setup and Function

The ten binary inputs are divided into five groups of two, each group galvanically separated from the others. If the hardware option ELT-1 is installed, all inputs can be configured individually by the software as binary or analog measurement inputs (refer to section 6.10, "Option ELT-1" on page 67).

The input signals are monitored with a time resolution of 100 µs and then evaluated in the CPU.

Figure 4-5: Binary outputs

The binary inputs are configured from the Hardware Configuration module of the OMICRON Tes t Un iv ers e software. When doing so, it can be specified whether the contacts are potential-sensitive or not. When the contacts are potential-sensitive, the expected nominal voltage and pick-up threshold can be set for each binary input.

Moreover, the binary inputs 1 – 10 can be used as counter inputs for input frequencies up to 3 kHz.

More detailed information about the configuration of the binary inputs can be found in the OMICRON Test Universe Help.

4.1.4 Binary Output

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

4.1.5 AUX DC (DC Power for Test Objects)

Figure 4-6: DC power for test objects (AUX DC)

Test objects that require an auxiliary DC voltage can be fed from the AUX DC output.

The DC voltage that is applied over the AUX DC output can vary from 0 to 264 Volts and is configured using the software.

The AUX DC output is galvanically separated from all other outputs.

The power-up default

By means of the test tool AuxDC you can set a so-called power-up default. When the test set is powered-up the next time, the auxiliary DC output is automatically set to this default value. This default value applies until it is deliberately changed again.

Setting a power-up default value means, that immediately after the test set is switched on, this voltage is applied to the auxiliary DC voltage output, regardless whether a computer is connected to it or not.

Caution: The selected voltage can be life-threatening!

Consider storing a power-up default voltage of higher than 0 V a potential danger to future users that may connect other devices to this CMC test set.

We strongly recommend to always set the default value to 0 V before storing the device, or to otherwise attach a warning label to the device housing, such as "This unit outputs an AuxDC voltage of ___V immediately after powering-up".

If the voltage on the "AUX DC" output exceeds 42 V, the associated signal light lights up.

More information about the configuration of the AUX DC supply can be found in the OMICRON Test Universe AuxDC Help.

Page 25

4.1.6 CPU

The CMC 356 CPU (Central Processing Unit) carries out the following tasks:

• Communication with the computer or a network via the Ethernet ports

“ETH1” and “ETH2”.

• Digital signal generation for all outputs of the test set (including control

signals for external amplifiers).

• Generation of a high-accuracy central clock signal with synchronization

options using the CMGPS synchronization unit or the CMIRIG-B interface box (refer to 9.3, "Time Synchronization Accessories" on page

107).

• Monitoring and control of all systems, including external amplifiers, if

applicable.

4.1.7 Power Supplies (DC-DC)

An AC/DC converter generates the required DC voltage from 85 to 264 VAC supply voltage (see section 6.1) and ensures adequate EMC filtering.

Setup and Function

The power supply to the different modules, that each are part of their own galvanic groups, are implemented using DC-DC converters with reinforced insulation.

4.2 Signal Generation

The generation of sine wave signals with high amplitude and phase accuracy is required in order to achieve output signals with the specified accuracy.

In order to fulfill the requirement for phase-coupled signal sources, signal generation is digitally implemented.

For this, the CMC 356 employs a high-performance digital signal processor (DSP).

With digital signal generation the system is very flexible. An exact correction of the amplitude, offset, and phase can be carried out in a digital manner through the use of device-specific parameters (i.e., gain, offset, and null phase angle on every channel).

The digital correction assures the best possible long-term drift behavior.

In addition to sine waves, any other periodic or transient signal can be generated.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

4.2.1 Accuracy and Signal Quality

The CMC 356 is a very precise test set with excellent long-term and temperature drift behavior.

To achieve this accuracy, the philosophy was not only to solve signal generation digitally, but also to implement the distribution of signals to the various modules using digital methods. In doing so, the goal of galvanic separation of the individual generator groups was also achieved without loss of accuracy.

In achieving the amplitude accuracy, the drift behavior (temperature and long-term) is of major importance in the voltage references, the digitalanalog converters (DAC), the accurate voltage dividers in the voltage amplifiers, and the current shunts in the current amplifiers.

The actual (typical) data is in general about a factor of 3 better than the guaranteed data.

The associated exact measurement media are required for the assurance of the accuracy in the production. The measurement media used by OMICRON are regularly calibrated by an accredited calibration institute so that tracing to international standards can be assured.

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5CONNECTIONS AND INTERFACES

AUX DC

Output voltage in 3 ranges from 0 - 264 V; used to supply power to test objects.

VOLTAGE OUTPUT

4x300V

rms

output of the

internal voltage amplifier; outputs 1 - 3 also applied to the generator combination socket.

BINARY OUTPUT

Four potential-free relay contacts.

ANALOG DC INPUT (with option ELT-1 only)

0-±1mA / 0-±20mA: DC current inputs. 0-±10V: DC voltage inputs.

BINARY / ANALOG INPUT

10 binary inputs in 5 galvanically separated groups.

Hardware option ELT-1: The inputs can be configured as analog measurement inputs. Without option ELT-1 only binary inputs are available.

CURRENT OUTPUT

Group A: 3x32A

rms

output of the internal current amplifier; also applied to the

generator combination socket.

Group B: 3x32A

rms

output of the internal current amplifier.

Generator combination socket

8-pole combination socket for VOLTAGE OUTPUT 1-3 and CURRENT OUTPUT A (up to 3 × 25 A max.).

Warning indication:

Dangerous Voltage!

At least one of the output voltages exceeds 42 V.

Power Switch

5.1 Front Panel Connections

Figure 5-1: Front view of the CMC 356

Connections and Interfaces

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

BINARY OUTPUT

Software controlled

BINARY/ANALOG INPUT

3 - 10 identical

Circuit diagram of a binary input for potential-free operation (dry)

132 kΩ

< 20 V: 78 kΩ

Vth > 20 V: 3.2 kΩ

132 kΩ

350 kΩ

110 kΩ

11 V

Circuit diagram of a binary input with programmable threshold voltage (wet operation)

Each binary input can be configured individually for wet or dry operation.

Two inputs (1 + 2, 3 + 4, ...) are one potential group. The inputs grouped in one potential group share a common ground.

AUX DC

Note: For simplified circuit diagrams of the inputs BINARY/ANALOG INPUTS and

ANALOG DC INPUT of the CMC 356 with hardware option ELT-1 installed, please refer to Figure 6-20 on page 72.

Figure 5-2: Simplified circuit diagrams of binary inputs and outputs (

CMC 356

standard, without option ELT-1 installed)

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Figure 5-3:

VOLTAGE OUTPUT

4x300V

rms

CURRENT OUTPUT A

3x32A

rms

CURRENT OUTPUT B

3x32A

rms

123N4 N

123N

Simplified diagrams of current and voltage outputs

Connections and Interfaces

In non-operative state, relay contacts (as illustrated in figure 5-3) protect the current amplifier from external power by shortening the outputs to N.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Front view

View onto the connector from

the cable wiring side

5.1.1 Generator Combination Socket for VOLTAGE OUTPUT and

Figure 5-4: Generator combination socket

CURRENT OUTPUT

The combination socket CURRENT OUTPUT / VOLTAGE OUTPUT simplifies the connection of test objects to the CMC 356. The three voltage outputs (VOLTAGE OUTPUT 1-3) as well as the CURRENT OUTPUT A are wired to the combination socket (refer to table 5-1 on page 31).

WARNING:

The connections on the socket are dangerous when the test set is turned on.

Follow the safety information provided at the beginning of this manual when connecting the generator combination sockets.

If a dangerous voltage (greater than 42 V) is applied to the socket, a warning indicator lights above the socket.

For currents greater than 25 A, the test object (load) should be exclusively connected to the 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets and not on the generator connection socket.

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Table 5-1: Pin layout

Table 5-2: Manufacturer ordering information

Connections and Interfaces

Pin Signal

1- VOLTAGE N

2- VOLTAGE 3

3- VOLTAGE 2

4- VOLTAGE 1

1+ CURRENT A 1

2+ CURRENT A N

3+ CURRENT A 3

4+ CURRENT A 2

Note: If using negative sequence phase rotation, swap the connectors VOLTAGE 2 and VOLTAGE 3 as well as CURRENT 2 and CURRENT 3.

Description of the generator combination socket

Description SPEAKON LINE 8-pole

Article Number NL8FC

Manufacturer Neutrik (www.neutrik.com)

You can order the plug for generator combination socket directly from OMICRON. For the part number refer to section 9.8, "Ordering Information" on page 127.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Status LEDs A & B

"Associate" button

*) For example to connect to low resistance grounding bars.

Fans

power supply

Power supply

Fuse T12.5 AH

Interface

"ext. Interf."

4 mm/0.16 " socket

for additional

PE connection

SELV interfaces

“LL out 1 - 6” and

“LL out 7 - 12”

Ethernet ports ETH1 & ETH2

and "!" button

Fan voltage outputs

Fan

current outputs

5.2 Connections on the Back Panel

Figure 5-5: Rear view of

CMC 356

The SELV interface LL out 7 - 12 is optional. Please refer to section 6.11, "Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)" on page 90.

5.2.1 Ethernet Ports ETH1 and ETH2

The two PoE (Power over Ethernet) ports ETH1 and ETH2 are standard

10/100Base-TX (twisted pair) Ethernet ports. They support auto crossing (auto MDI/MDIX). This means you can use a standard cable or a cross-over Ethernet patch cable.

Note: If your Ethernet ports ETH1 and ETH2 look different, i.e., ETH2 is the connector version of Fast Ethernet over optical fiber, refer to chapter

6.5, "Technical Data of the Ethernet Ports" on page 63.

Since the CMC test set can be controlled over a network, any distance between the controlling computer and the test set is possible. This enables direct remote control of the CMC test set, e.g., for end-to-end testing.

The Ethernet ports also provide the basis for the processing of substation protocols according to the IEC 61850 standard. They allow flexible configurations, e.g., for separation of data traffic from different network segments or segregation of substation protocol data and test set control commands.

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The green LED indicates a link connection to a PC or a network. The yellow

Associate

LED indicates active traffic (receiving or transmitting) on the cable.

For detailed technical data about the Ethernet ports, please refer to section

6.5, "Technical Data of the Ethernet Ports" on page 63.

5.2.2 ! Button

The ! button enables you to recover from unsuccessful software image downloads or other emergency situations. To start a new software image download, press the ! button with a pointed tool or a paper clip while powering-up the CMC. In that case, the test set will not start as usual but wait for a new software image download.

5.2.3 Associate Button

The Associate button has the following functions:

• Association with controlling computer

An Ethernet communication port enables you to communicate with any CMC available on the network. This may lead to dangerous situations where a user accidentally connects to a device located on a desk of somebody else, emitting unsafe voltages and endangering the person working there.

To prevent such a situation, a special mechanism is integrated into the CMC test set that allows only “authorized” clients to control the test set. By using the Associate button, the test set is registered for use with a specific host computer.

The test set will issue voltages and currents only when it is associated to the client requesting this. The association process can be initiated by the

Test Set Association and Configuration tool or by the OMICRON Device Browser. For more details about this process, refer to the Help of

the according tool.

Connections and Interfaces

For the association the Ethernet hardware address (MAC) of the controlling computer is remembered. Consequently, if the network interface on the computer has changed, the CMC test set has to be associated whenever the MAC address changes.

• Reset IP Configuration

If the Associate button is pressed while powering up the CMC test set, the IP configuration of the network interfaces is reset to factory default, which is DHCP/AutoIP for both network interfaces. It may be necessary to reset the IP configuration in this way to recover from settings with conflicting static IP addresses.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

5.2.4 Status LED A, B

The status LED A and B are of interest in case of troubleshooting.

A: yellow status LED

• A lit yellow LED indicates that the test set is ready to be controlled by a

computer. The hardware checks in the test set are finished, and the test set is properly connected to a computer or a network.

• The LED is off when the test set is waiting for an "emergency software

image download". This is the case when pressing the ! button while powering-up the CMC test set.

B: green LED

If the yellow LED A is off, the green LED B signals the following conditions:

• LED B blinks slowly:

CMC test set waits for the TFTP download (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) of a software image.

• LED B is lit:

The TFTP download of the software image is in progress.

• LED B blinks quickly:

The computer writes (e.g., the software image) to the flash memory of the CMC test set. Do not turn off the CMC test set as long as the writing is in progress.

5.2.5 Ethernet / Network Settings

General

The OMICRON Test Universe software running on the computer communicates with the CMC test set via a network connection. Therefore it is possible to either have the CMC directly connected to the computer’s network plug by a cable or to have the CMCand the controlling computer connected to a computer network.

Both network ports can be used equally, and both network ports have link LEDs (green) and traffic LEDs (yellow flashing) to check the physical connectivity and proper cabling.

IP Configuration

For the CMC test set to communicate with the controlling computer and the OMICRON Test Universe software, TCP/IP is used. The IP parameters are set by either the Test Set Association and Configuration tool or the OMICRON Device Browser.

Page 35

Connections and Interfaces

The CMC test set can either be set to static IP addresses or use DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and AutoIP/APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing).

Additionally, there is a special DHCP server integrated in the CMC test set to serve IP addresses only for that computer the OMICRON Test Universe software is running on. Note that this will only take place when there is no DHCP server in the network. If there is DHCP server in the network, the DHCP feature of the CMC test set remains inactive.

If the IP settings conflict with IP settings of other devices in the network, it is possible to reset the test set to factory defaults (DHCP and AutoIP) by pressing the Associate button at the rear of the test set while powering up the test set.

Security / Firewall Settings

To automatically detect and set the IP configuration of CMC test sets in the network, IP-multicasting is used by the Test Universe software. Therefore, a firewall program has to be configured to allow for this communication. For the Microsoft Windows Firewall in Windows XP SP2 (or later) the configuration of the firewall is done automatically during installation of the OMICRON Test Universe.

The software component on the computer that automatically detects test sets on the network (OMFind.exe) requires an enabled inbound connection on port 4987 for UDP. For TCP communication, the software component on the computer that controls the test sets (CMEngAl.exe) requires an enabled outbound connection on port 2200.

More information about the Firewall configuration can be found in the FAQ section of the Get Support booklet (Technical Support for CMC Test Sets). This manual is available as PDF file on your hard disk after the installation of OMICRON Test Universe. Its name is _Support Booklet.pdf.

Network Troubleshooting

For instructions to help you to incorporate network-capable CMC test sets into a computer network, please refer to the manual Network-based CMC Test Sets. This manual is available as PDF file on your hard disk after the installation of OMICRON Test Universe. Its name is Network-based test sets.pdf.

To view the manuals, start the Test Universe Help from the Start Page or any test module and navigate to the table of contents entry User Manuals (at the beginning of the table of contents). Click Read Me First. In this topic you find direct links to both manuals. To open a manual, just click the link.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

ext. Interf.

5.2.6 SELV Interfaces

5.2.6.1 External Interface ("ext. Interf.")

All inputs and outputs to the SELV group (SELV = Safety Extra Low Voltage) reference to a common neutral that is internally connected to the protective earth (GND) of the housing.

The SELV interface connector "ext. Interf." holds four additional transistor binary outputs (Bin. out 11 - 14). Unlike regular relay outputs, Bin. out 11 - 14 are bounce-free binary outputs (small signals) and have a minimal reaction time.

In addition, two high frequency counter inputs for up to 100 kHz are available for the testing of energy meters.

For more detailed information please refer to the technical data section

6.3.6, "Low-Level Binary Outputs ("ext. Interf.")" on page 54.

Meter Testing

For energy meter test applications, the "ext. Interf." permits easy connectivity. For more information about the connection of scanning heads please refer to sections 9.6.5, "Adapter Cable for Scanning Heads" on page 117 and 9.6.6, "CMLIB B" on page 118.

Synchronization

Via the "ext. Interf.", the CMC 356 time base can be GPS- and IRIG-Bsynchronized. Depending on the synchronization method of your choice, use either the CMGPS synchronization unit or the CMIRIG-B interface box.

Both synchronization accessories, the CMGPS and the CMIRIG-B, are optional and are described in more details in section 9.3, "Time Synchronization Accessories" on page 107.

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5.2.6.2 LL out 1-6 (Low Level Outputs 1-6)

LL out 1 - 6

LL out 7 - 12

The SELV interface connector "LL out 1 - 6" holds two independent generator triples. These six high accuracy analog signal sources can serve to either control an external amplifier or to directly provide small signal outputs.

In addition, a serial digital interface is available that transmits control and monitor functions between the CMC 356 and the external amplifiers. Supported devices are CMA 156, CMA 56 CMS 252.

The low level outputs are short-circuit-proof and continually monitored for overload.

Connect the external amplifier to the CMC 356 low level outputs. Use the connecting cable that was supplied with the amplifier.

For more detailed information please refer to the technical data section

6.3.5, "Low Level Outputs "LL out" for External Amplifiers" on page 52.

Connections and Interfaces

, CMS 156, CMS 2511 and

5.2.6.3 LL out 7-12 (Low Level Outputs 7-12) - Option "LLO-2"

The SELV interface connector "LL out 7 - 12" is an option available for the CMC 356 test set.

The outputs 7-12 extend the low level outputs 1-6 by two more independent generator triples. Outputs 7-12 are technically identical to outputs 1-6 as described above.

For more detailed information please refer to the technical data section 6.11, "Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)" on page 90.

Overload Warning Flagged in the Software

When a low level output is overloaded, a corresponding warning message appears on the user interface of the OMICRON Test Universe software.

These products are not available anymore.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Page 39

6TECHNICAL DATA

Guaranteed Values:

• General:

The values are valid for the period of one year after factory calibration, within 23 °C ± 5 °C at nominal value and after a warm-up time greater than 25 min.

• Guaranteed values from the generator outputs:

The values are valid in the frequency range from 10 to 100 Hz unless specified otherwise. Given maximum phase errors are related to the voltage amplifier outputs.

• Accuracy data for analog outputs are valid in the frequency range from

0 to 100 Hz unless specified otherwise.

• The given input/output accuracy values relate to the range limit value

(% of range limit value).

Technical Data

Table 6-1: Power supply data

6.1 Main Power Supply

Main Power Supply

Connection Connector according to IEC 60320

Voltage, single phase

nominal voltage operational range

Power fuse T 12.5 AH 250 V (5 x 20 mm)

Nominal current

Frequency

nominal frequency operational range

Overvoltage category II

Refer to section 6.3.4, "Operational Limits in Conjunction with Mains Supply" on page 51.

100-240V 85 ... 264 V

"Schurter", order number 0001.2515

at < 170 V: 12 A max. at > 170 V: 10 A max.

50/60 Hz 45 ... 65 Hz

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.2 Insulation Coordination

Table 6-2: Insulation coordination

Insulation Coordination

Overvoltage category II Pollution degree 2 (except for Binary Inputs) Insulation of function

groups on front panel to ground (GND)

- Basic insulation with maximum voltage of 600 V

to ground

rms

- Clearance: > 3 mm (0.12 ")

- Creepage: > 6 mm (0.24 ")

Insulation of functional groups on front panel from each other

- Test voltage: 2200 V

- Working insulation

- Clearance: > 1 mm (0.04 ")

- Creepage: > 1 mm (0.04 ")

rms

- Test voltage: 1500 VDC

Measurement category (BINARY / ANALOG INPUTS)

- CAT III / 300 V

- CAT IV / 150 V

rms

Functional groups on CMC 356 front panel: VOLTAGE OUTPUT, CURRENT OUTPUT (A, B), AUX DC, BINARY OUTPUT, BINARY / ANALOG INPUT, ANALOG DC INPUT

Page 41

6.3 Outputs

Table 6-3: Analog current, voltage, and LL outputs.

Technical Data

For block diagrams of the available generator outputs, please refer to section 4.1, "Block Diagram" on page 20.

General Generator Outputs Data (analog current and voltage outputs, outputs "LL out")

Frequency ranges

sinusoidal signals harmonics / interharmonics transient signals

10 … 1000 Hz

10 … 3000 Hz

DC … 3.1 kHz Frequency resolution < 5 µHz Frequency accuracy ± 0.5 ppm Frequency drift ± 1 ppm Bandwidth (–3 dB) 3.1 kHz Phase range ϕ - 360° to + 360° Phase resolution 0.001° Synchronized operation Generator outputs can be synchronized

to a reference input signal on

binary/analog input 10 (range:

40 … 70 Hz). Temperature drift 0.0025 %/°C

If you purchased the option FL-6, the maximum output frequency is constrained to 599 Hz.

Amplitude derating for current outputs at frequencies above 380 Hz.

Signals above 1 kHz are only supported in selected Test Universe modules and are only available on the voltage outputs and the low level outputs.

All voltages and current generators can independently be configured with respect to amplitude, phase angle, and frequency.

All outputs are monitored. Overload conditions result in a message displayed on the PC.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.3.1 Extended Frequency Range

Table 6-4: Extended frequency range (1 - 3 kHz)

In selected Test Universe modules (e.g., Harmonics and PQ Signal Generator) the CMC 356 supports a mode for generating stationary signals up to 3 kHz on the voltage outputs and the low-level outputs. This mode corrects the phase and gain errors of the output filter. The 3 dB bandwidth of this filter limits the amplitude at 3 kHz to about 70 % of the maximum range value. The application of the extended frequency range is the generation of harmonics and interharmonics.

Extended Frequency Range (1 - 3 kHz)

Typical Guaranteed

Low Level Outputs

Phase error Amplitude error

< 0.25 ° < 0.25 %

< 1 ° < 1 %

Voltage Amplifier

Phase error Amplitude error

< 0.25 ° < 0.25 %

< 1 ° < 1 %

No extended frequency range support for external amplifiers.

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6.3.2 Current Outputs

Table 6-5: Outputs of current groups AandB

Footnotes:

1.Data for three-phase systems are valid for symmetric conditions (0 °, 120 °, 240 °) unless specified otherwise.

2. For wiring of single-

phase modes see chapter 7, "Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes" on page 91.

3.Single-phase mode (in phase opposition).

4.rd. = reading; rg. = range, whereat n % of rg. means: n % of upper range value.

5.Valid for sinusoidal signals at 50/60 Hz and

≤ 0.5 Ω.

load

6.Values at 20 kHz measurement bandwidth, nominal value, and nominal load.

7.Guaranteed data at 230 V mains for ohmic loads (PF=1); typical data for inductive loads. Refer to section 6.3.4, "Operational Limits in Conjunction with Mains Supply" on page 51.

8.For currents > 25 A, connect test object only to the 4 mm/0.16 " banana connections and not to the generator combination socket.

9.Current amplitude derating at frequencies above 380 Hz (see Figure 6-4).

Technical Data

Current Outputs1 (Groups A and B)

Output currents

6-phase AC (L-N) 6 x 0 ... 32 A (Group A and B) 3-phase AC (L-N) 3 x 0 ... 64 A (Group A + B parallel) 2-phase AC (L-L) 1-phase AC (L-L) 1-phase AC (L-L-L-L) 2-phase AC (LL-LN) 1-phase AC (LL-LN) DC (LL-LN)

Power

2, 3

2 x 0 ... 32 A (Group A and B) 1 x 0 ... 64 A (Group A + B parallel)

2, 3

1 x 0 ... 32 A (Group A + B in series)

2 x 0 ... 64 A (Group A and B)

1 x 0 ... 128 A (Group A + B parallel) 1 x 0 ... ±180 A (Group A + B parallel)

Typical Guaranteed 6-phase AC (L-N) 6 x 430 VA at 25 A 6 x 250 W at 20 A 3-phase AC (L-N) 3 x 860 VA at 50 A 3 x 500 W at 40 A 2-phase AC (L-L) 1-phase AC (L-L) 1-phase AC (L-L-L-L) 2-phase AC (LL-LN) 1-phase AC (LL-LN) DC (LL-LN)

2, 3

2 x 870 VA at 25 A 2 x 550 W at 20 A

1 x 1740 VA at 50 A 1 x 1100 W at 40 A

2, 3

1 x 1740 VA at 25 A 1 x 1100 W at 20 A

2 x 500 VA at 40 A 2 x 350 W at 40 A

1 x 1000 VA at 80 A 1 x 700 W at 80 A

1x 1400W at ±80A 1x1000W at ±80A

Accuracy Typical Guaranteed

≤ 0.5 Ω

load

> 0.5 Ω Error < 0.1 % of rg. Error < 0.3 % of rg.

load

Harmonic distortion (THD+N)

Phase error

5,6

Error < 0.05 % rd.

+ 0.02% of rg.

0.05 % < 0.15 %

0.05 ° < 0.2 °

Error < 0.15 % of rd.

+ 0.05% of rg.

DC offset current < 3 mA < 10 mA Resolution 1

Frequency range

A, 2 mA (2 phases parallel), ...

0 … 1000 Hz

Trigger on overload Timer accuracy error < 1 ms Short-circuit protection Unlimited Open-circuit protection Open outputs (open-circuit) permitted Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana connectors, amplifier

connection socket

(OUTPUT A only)

Insulation Reinforced insulation of power supply and all

SELV interfaces

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 102030405060

Output Current [Arms]

Output Power per Phase [VA] / [W]

S 6~ per phase [VA]

P 6~ per phase [W]

S 3~ (A// B) per phase [VA]

P 3~ (A// B) per phase [W]

P 3~ (one triple) per phase [W]

Output current in A

rms

Output power per phase in VA / W

per phase in VA

per phase in W

(A//B) phase in VA

(A//B) phase in W

(one triple) per phase in W

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

0 102030 405060708090100

Output Current [Arms]

Output Power [VA] / [W]

S: 32A (L-L-L-L) [VA]

P: 32A (L-L-L-L) [W]

S: 64A (L-L) [VA]

P: 64A (L-L) [W ]

S: 128A (LL- LN) [VA]

P: 128A (LL- LN) [W]

Output current in A

rms

Output power in VA / W

Figure 6-1: Guaranteed output power per phase of a group and when groups A and B are connected in parallel (active power values in W are guaranteed; apparent power values in VA are typical values)

Figure 6-2: Guaranteed single phase output power curves (active power values in W are guaranteed; apparent power values in VA are typical values)

For additional information refer to section 7.2, "Single-Phase Operation of the CMC 356" on page 92.

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Figure 6-3:

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

0 102030405060708090100

Output Cu rrent [Arms]

1~ low sensitive 32A (L-L-L-L) 1~ high sensitive 32A (L-L-L-L) 1~ low sensitive 64A (L-L // L-L) 1~ high se nsitive 64A (L-L // L-L) 1~ low sensitive 128A (LL-LN) 1~ high se nsitive 128A (LL-LN // LL-LN) 6~ low sensitive 32A (L-N) 6~ high se nsitive 32A (L-N) 3~ low sensitive 64A (L-N) 3~ high se nsitive 64A (L-N)

Output current in A

rms

Compliance voltage in V

peak

low sensitive 32 A (L-L-L-L) high sensitive 32 A (L-L-L-L) low sensitive 64 A (L-L //L-L) high sensitive 64 A (L-L //L-L) low sensitive 128 A (LL-LN) high sensitive 128 A (LL-LN //LL-LN) low sensitive 32 A (L-N) high sensitive 32 A (L-N) low sensitive 64 A (L-N) high sensitive 64 A (L-N)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Frequency [Hz]

Max. Current [A

]

Frequency in Hz

Max. current in A

Typical compliance voltage (50/60 Hz)

Figure 6-4: Current derating at high frequencies for sinusoidal signals

Technical Data

Compliance Voltage [Vpeak]

The high and low sensitive curves in figure 6-3 correspond to the overload detection sensitivity settings in the Test Universe software. The low sensitive curves show the maximum available peak compliance voltage, which is mainly relevant for testing primary and electromechanical relays.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Current in A

Continuous output power in W

Current in A

Continuous output power in W

Figure 6-5: Typical continuous output current and output power at 23 °C; single-phase mode

Figure 6-6: Typical continuous output current and output power at 23 °C; three- and six-phase mode

The continuous operating range is given by the area below the curves in the figure 6-5 and 6-6 above.

If you don’t require more than 64 A, we recommend to use the 1 x 64 A configuration rather than the 128 A one because the 1 x 64 A configuration provides more continuous output power.

Due to the large number of operating modes, it is not possible to give universally applicable curves for the discontinuous mode. However, the examples given below can be used instead to gain feeling for the possible output durations (t1 is the possible duration of a cold device).

Page 47

Table 6-6: Typical duty cycles for operation at ambient temperature of 23 °C

Technical Data

6 x 32 A (L-N) 3 x 64 A (L-N)

[A]P [W]

0 ... 25 0 ... 1200 100% > 30 > 1800 - 0 ... 50 0 ... 1200 100% > 30 > 1800 -

26 1400 80% 7.5 80 20 52 1400 80% 7.5 80 20

29 1300 75% 6.0 60 20 58 1300 75% 6.0 60 20

32 1200 71% 3.5 50 20 64 1200 71% 3.5 50 20

duty

cycle

[min]

ton

[s]

toff

[s]

[A]P [W]

duty

cycle

[min]

ton

[s]

toff

[s]

1 x 128 A (LL-LN)

[A]

0 .... 80 0 ... 700 100% > 30.0 > 1800 0

duty

[W]

100 450 60% 4.9 30 20

120 300 43% 2.6 15 20

128 200 38% 2.0 12 20

cycle

t1 [min] ton

[s]

toff [s]

Page 48

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Footnotes:

1.a) V

(t) automatically calculated: V

=(VL1+ VL2+ VL3)*C C: configurable constant from –4 to +4.

b) V

can be configured by software in frequency, phase, and amplitude.

2. Guaranteed data for ohmic loads, (PF=1). Refer to the accompanying figure of the output power curves. Refer to section 6.3.4, "Operational Limits in Conjunction with Mains Supply" on page 51.

3.Data for three-phase

systems are valid for symmetric conditions (0 °, 120 °, 240 °).

4.Data for four-phase

systems are valid for symmetric conditions (0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °).

5.rd. = reading;

rg. = range, whereat n % of rg. means: n % of upper range value.

6.Valid for sinusoidal

signals at 50/60 Hz.

7. 20 kHz measurement

bandwidth, nominal value, and nominal load.

8. If you purchased the

option FL-6, the maximum output frequency is constrainedto 599 Hz.

Signals above 1 kHz are only supported in selected software modules and are only available

on the voltage outputs and the low level outputs.

Table 6-7: CMC 356 voltage outputs

6.3.3 Voltage Outputs

4 Voltage Outputs

Output voltages

3-phase AC (L-N) 4-phase AC (L-N) 1-phase AC (L-N) 1-phase AC (L-L) DC (L-N)

Output power

3-phase AC 4-phase AC 1-phase AC (L-N) 1-phase AC (L-L) DC (L-N)

Accuracy

Harmonic distortion (THD+N)

Phase error

DC offset voltage < 20 mV < 100 mV

Voltage ranges Range I: 0 ... 150 V

Resolution Range I: 5 mV

Frequency ranges

Short-circuit protect. Unlimited for L - N

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana connectors; amplifier

Insulation Reinforced insulation of power supply and all SELV

6, 7

3 x 0...300V

4 x 0...300V 1 x 0...300V 1 x 0...600V 4 x 0 ... ± 300 V

Typical Guaranteed

3 x 100 VA at 100 ... 300 V 4 x 75 VA at 100 ... 300 V 1 x 200 VA at 100 ... 300 V 1 x 275 VA at 200 ... 600 V 1 x 420 W at 300 VDC

Error < 0.03 % of rd.

+ 0.01 % of rg.

3 x 85 VA at 85 ... 300 V 4 x 50 VA at 85 ... 300 V 1x150VA at 75...300V 1 x 250 VA at 200... 600 V 1 x 360 W at 300 VDC

Error < 0.08 % of rd.

+ 0.02 % of rg.

0.015 % < 0.05 %

Typical 0.02 ° Guaranteed < 0.1 °

Range II: 0 ... 300 V

Range II: 10 mV

Sinusoidal signals harmonics/interharm. transient signals

connection socket V

L1-VL3

10 … 1000 Hz 10 … 3000 Hz DC … 3.1 kHz

interfaces

Page 49

6.3.3.1 Power Diagram for Three-Phase Operation

Output voltage in V

Output power per phase in VA

typical

guaranteed

Figure 6-7: Power diagram for three-phase operation

Technical Data

Page 50

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Output voltage L-N in V

Output power in VA

typical

guaranteed

Output voltage L-L in V

Output power in VA

typical

guaranteed

6.3.3.2 Power Diagram for Single-Phase Operation

Figure 6-8: Single-phase operation L-N

Also refer to section 7.2.4, "Single-Phase Voltage" on page 95.

Figure 6-9: Single-phase operation L-L

Page 51

Technical Data

6.3.4 Operational Limits in Conjunction with Mains Supply

Principally, the maximum output power of the CMC 356 is limited by the mains input supply voltage.

Table 6-8: Typical total output power at different mains voltages.

For mains voltages of 115 V

or smaller, it is also possible to supply the

CMC 356 with two phases (L-L) instead of the normal phase-neutral (L-N) operation in order to increase the supply voltage (115 V * sqrt(3) = 200 V).

In order to limit the internal losses and to maximize the output power of the voltage amplifier, always set the maximum test object voltage to the minimum value possible for the test.

Beside the reduction of the available total output power of low line voltages, no other significant degradations in the technical data of the CMC 356 occur.

Mains voltage

Current Typical total output power

Currents only Currents AUX DC & voltage

230V 6 x 15 A 1600 W 1190 W + 300 W

6 x 25 A 1470 W 1060 W + 300 W 6x32A 1320W 910W +300W

115 V

6x15A 1120W 710W +300W 6 x 25 A 990 W 580 W + 300 W 6 x 32 A 860 W 450 W + 300 W

100V

6 x 15 A 910 W 500 W + 300 W 6 x 25 A 790 W 380 W + 300 W 6 x 32 A 670 W 260 W + 300 W

After 15 min of continuous operation at full output power a duty cycle of 15 min on/15 min off is required at an ambient temperature of 25°C. This does not apply to the 6 x 32 A example because the output duration is limited by the current amplifier (see Chapter 6.3.2, "Current Outputs" on page 43 for more details).

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.3.5 Low Level Outputs "LL out" for External Amplifiers

Figure 6-10: Pin assignment of "LL out 1-6" (lower 16-pole Lemo socket); view onto the connector from the cable wiring side.

Note: The low-level outputs "LL out 7 - 12" are only available, if the option LLO-2 is installed, refer to section 6.11, "Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)" on page 90.

Both SELV interface connectors "LL out 1 - 6" as well as the optional "LL out 7 - 12" (if applicable) hold two independent generator triples each. These six high accuracy analog signal sources per connector can serve to either control an external amplifier or to directly provide small signal outputs.

In addition, each SELV interface connector provides a serial digital interface (pins 8-16; see below) that transmits control and monitor functions between the CMC 356 and the external amplifiers. Supported devices are the CMA 156, CMA 56, CMS 156, CMS 251 and CMS 252 (see also 9.6.7, "CMLIB A" on page 119 and 9.6.9, "Connection Cable for REF 54x Relays (ABB) with Low Level Signal Inputs" on page 121).

The low level outputs are short-circuit-proof and continually monitored for overload. They are separated through reinforced insulation from the power input and from the load outputs (SELV interface). They deliver calibrated signals in the range from 0 to 7 V

nominal (0 to ± 10 V

eff

peak

Both the selection of the particular amplifier as well as the specification of the range of the amplifier takes place in the Tes t Uni v er se software.

The pin assignment of "LL out 7-12" socket is identical.

Pin Function LL out 1-6 Function LL out 7-12

Pin 1 LL out 1 LL out 7 Pin 2 LL out 2 LL out 8 Pin 3 LL out 3 LL out 9 Pin 4 Neutral (N) connected to GND Pin 5 LL out 4 LL out 10 Pin 6 LL out 5 LL out 11 Pin 7 LL out 6 LL out 12 Pin 8-16 For internal purposes Housing Screen connection

Page 53

Table 6-9: Data for SELV outputs "LL out"

Technical Data

"LL out 1-3" and "LL out 4-6" (and optionally "LL out 7-9" and "LL out 10-12") each make up a selectable voltage or current triple.

6 Outputs "LL out 1 - 6" and 6 (optional) outputs "LL out 7 - 12"

Output voltage range

Frequency range

0…±10 V

0 … 3000 Hz

peak

Output current Max. 1 mA

Resolution < 250

Accuracy Typical < 0.025 % Guaranteed < 0.07 %

Harmonic distortion

(THD+N)

Phase error

Typical < 0.015 % Guaranteed < 0.05 %

Typical 0.02 ° Guaranteed < 0.1 °

DC offset voltage Typical < 150

Unconventional CT/VT

Linear or Rogowski

for 1…10 V

V Guaranteed < 1.5 mV

mode

peak

simulation

Overload indication Yes

Short-circuit protection Unlimited to GND

Insulation Reinforced insulation to all other potential groups

of the test equipment. GND is connected to protective earth (PE).

Table 6-10: Ordering Information

Input OMICRON amplifier nominal: 0 ... 5 V

If you purchased the option FL-6, the maximum output frequency is constrained to 599 Hz.

Values at nominal voltage (10 V

Valid for sinusoidal signals at 50/60 Hz.

When simulating Rogowski sensors, the output voltage is proportional to the derivative of the current with respect to time (di(t)/dt).

peak

rms

), 50/60 Hz, and 20 kHz measurement bandwidth.

Ordering Information

Connector for two guide notches and pull relief

FGB.2B.316.CLAD 72Z

(for "LL out")

Black anti-bend cable cover GMA.2B.070 DN

For a manufacturer description about the connection sockets "LL out" and "ext. Interf.", visit the Web site www.lemo.com.

Page 54

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Pin Function

Pin 1 Counter input 1 Pin 2 Counter input 2 Pin 3 Reserved Pin 4 Neutral (N) connected to GND Pin 5 Binary output 11 Pin 6 Binary output 12 Pin 7 Binary output 13 Pin 8 Binary output 14 Pin 9 Reserved Housing Screen connection

6.3.6 Low-Level Binary Outputs ("ext. Interf.")

Figure 6-11: Pin assignment of "ext. Interf." (upper 16-pole Lemo socket); view onto the connector from the cable wiring side

In addition, two high frequency counter inputs for up to 100 kHz are available for the testing of energy meters. They are described in section

6.4.2, "Counter Inputs 100 kHz (Low Level)" on page 61.

Table 6-11: Data of the low-level binary outputs 11 - 14

4 Low-Level Transistor Binary Outputs (Bin. out 11 - 14)

Type Open-collector transistor outputs;

Switching voltage Max. 15 V

Max. input voltage ±16 V

Switch current Max. 5 mA (current limited); min. 100

Actualization time 100

Rise time

Connection Connector "ext. Interf." (CMC 356 rear side)

Insulation Reinforced insulation to all other potential

external pull-up resistor

s (V

extern

=5V, R

pullup

=4.7kΩ)

groups of the test equipment. GND is connected to protective earth (PE).

Page 55

Figure 6-12:

Rear side

of CMC 356

pullup

Inside of CMC 356

16 V

Ω6.8 kΩ

22 kΩ

extern

= 5 ... 15 V

Binary outputs 11 ... 14 "ext. Interf."

Circuit diagram of "ext. Interf." binary transistor outputs 11

Table 6-12: Ordering Information

Technical Data

- 14

Ordering Information

Connector for one guide notch and pull relief

FGG.2B.316.CLAD 72Z

(for "ext. Interf")

Black anti-bend cable cover GMA.2B.070 DN

For a manufacturer description about the connection sockets "LL out" and "ext. Interf.", visit the Web site www.lemo.com.

Page 56

CMC 356 Reference Manual

350

300

250

200

150

100

UinV / PinW

Current in A

012 345678

6.3.7 Binary Output Relays

Table 6-13: Data of binary output relays

4 Binary Output Relays (Binary Outputs 1-4)

Type Potential-free contacts; software-controlled

AC loading V

DC loading V

300 VAC; I

max

300 VDC; I

max

8 A; P

8A; P

2000 VA

max

50 W

(refer to load limit curve)

Switch-on current 15 A (max. 4 s at 10 % duty-cycle)

Electrical lifetime 100 000 switching cycles at 230 V

/ 8 A and

ohmic load

Pickup time Approx. 6 ms

Fall back time Approx. 3 ms

Bounce time Approx. 0.5 ms

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets

Insulation Reinforced insulation from all SELV interfaces and

from power supply.

The accompanying diagram shows the load limit curve for DC voltages. For AC voltages, a maximum power of 2000 VA is achieved.

Figure 6-13: Load limit curve for relays on the binary outputs with DC voltages

Page 57

Table 6-14: DC Voltage supply AUX DC

6.3.8 DC Supply (AUX DC)

DC Supply (AUX DC)

Voltage ranges 0 ... 66 V

Power Max. 50 W

Accuracy

Resolution < 70 mV

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets on front panel

Short-circuit protection Yes

Overload indication Yes

Insulation Reinforced insulation from power supply and

Technical Data

(max. 0.8 A)

0 ... 132 V 0 ... 264 V

(max 0.4 A)

(max. 0.2 A)

Error: typical < 2 %, guaranteed < 5 %

all SELV interfaces

Percentage is with respect to each range's full-scale.

Page 58

CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.4 Inputs

6.4.1 Binary Inputs

Table 6-15: General data of binary inputs

Note: If option ELT-1 is installed, only the general binary input data given in the following Table 6-15 are valid. For detailed information about the option ELT-1, please refer to section 6.10, "Option ELT-1" on page 67.

General Data of Binary Inputs 1…10

Number of binary inputs 10

Trigger criteria Potential-free or DC-voltage compared to

threshold voltage

Reaction time Max. 220

Sampling frequency 10 kHz

Time resolution 100

Max. measuring time Unlimited

Debounce time 0…25 ms (refer to page 60)

Deglitch time 0…25 ms (refer to page 60)

Counting function

counter frequency pulse width

3 kHz (per input) >150

s (for high and low signals)

Configuration Binary inputs can be configured. Refer to the

OMICRON Test Universe Help.

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets on the front

panel

Insulation 5 galvanic insulated binary groups with each

2 inputs having its own GND. Operation insulation to the power outputs, DC inputs and between galvanically separated groups. Reinforced insulation from all SELV interfaces and from power supply.

Page 59

Table 6-16: Data for potential-sensing operation

Data for Potential-Sensing Operation

Threshold voltage data per input

Setting range Resolution

range

Range I Range II

0...20V >20...300V

Max. input voltage CAT III/ / 300 V

CAT IV / 150 V

Technical Data

50mV 500mV

rms

Table 6-17: Data for potential-free operation

Threshold voltage accuracy1

5% of rd. + 0.5% of rg.

Threshold voltage hysteresis Range I: typ. 60 mV

Range II: typ. 900 mV

Input impedance

Threshold 0...20V Threshold 20...300V

Applies to positive voltage signal edge; value shown in % of reading (rd.) + % of upper range value (rg.)

Refer to figure 5-2, "Simplified circuit diagrams of binary inputs and outputs (CMC 356 standard, without option ELT-1 installed)" on page 28.

Data for Potential-Free Operation

Trigger criteria

210 kΩ 135 kΩ

Logical 0: R > 100 k

Logical 1: R < 10 kΩ

Input impedance

Refer to figure 5-2, "Simplified circuit diagrams of binary inputs and outputs (CMC 356 standard, without option ELT-1 installed)" on page 28.

216 k

Page 60

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Input signal

Input signal deglitched

deglitch

Input signal

debounced

debounce

Figure 6-14: Signal curve, deglitching input signals

Deglitching input signals

In order to suppress short spurious pulses a deglitching algorithm could be configured. The deglitch process results in an additional dead time and introduces a signal delay. In order to be detected as a valid signal level, the level of an input signal must have a constant value at least during the deglitch time. The figure below illustrates the deglitch function.

Debouncing input signals

Figure 6-15: Signal curve, debounce input signals

For input signals with a bouncing characteristic, a debounce function can be configured. This means that the first change of the input signal causes the debounced input signal to be changed and then be kept on this signal value for the duration of the debounce time.

The debounce function is placed after the deglitch function described above and both are realized by the firmware of the CMC 356 and are calculated in real time.

The figure below illustrates the deglitch function. On the right-hand side of the figure, the debounce time is too short. As a result, the debounced signal rises to “high” once again, even while the input signal is still bouncing and does not drop to low level until the expiry of another period T

debounce

Page 61

6.4.2 Counter Inputs 100 kHz (Low Level)

Pin Function

Figure 6-16: Pin assignment of "ext. Interf." (upper 16-pole Lemo socket); view onto the connector from the cable wiring side

Technical Data

The SELV interface connector "ext. Interf." holds two high frequency counter inputs for up to 100 kHz are available for the testing of energy meters.

In addition, four transistor binary outputs (Bin. out 11 - 14) are available. They are described in section 6.3.6, "Low-Level Binary Outputs ("ext. Interf.")" on page 54.

Table 6-18: Counter inputs 100 kHz

2 Counter Inputs

Max. counter frequency 100 kHz

Pulse width > 3 µs (high and low signal)

Switch threshold

pos. edge neg. edge

max. 8 V min. 4 V

Hysteresis typ. 2 V

Rise & fall times < 1 ms

Max. input voltage ± 30 V

Connection Socket "ext. Interf." (rear CMC 356)

Insulation Reinforced insulation to all other potential

groups of the test equipment. GND is connected to protective earth (PE).

Page 62

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Rear side

of CMC 356

+15 V

100 k

22 kΩ

47 pF

Inside of

CMC 356

Counter inputs 1 & 2

"ext. Interf."

Figure 6-17: Circuit diagram of "ext. Interf." counter inputs 1 and 2

Table 6-19: Ordering Information

Ordering Information

Connector for one guide notch and pull relief

FGG.2B.316.CLAD 72Z

(for "ext. Interf")

Black anti-bend cable cover GMA.2B.070 DN

For a manufacturer description about the connection sockets "LL out 1-6" and "ext. Interf.", visit the Web site www.lemo.com.

Page 63

6.5 Technical Data of the Ethernet Ports

Originally, CMC 356 test sets were delivered with a so-called NET-1 board that holds two different Ethernet ports:

ETH1: a 10/100Base-TX Ethernet port

ETH2: a 100Base-FX (optical fiber) Ethernet port.

With the introduction of the front panel control device CMControl, the CMC 356 test sets are now equipped with a NET-1B board that holds two identical PoE (Power over Ethernet) ports ETH1 and ETH2.

CMC 356 test sets with NET-1 board can be upgraded with the new NET-1B board to be able to communicate with the new CMControl and have Ethernet access at the same time.

6.5.1 The NET-1B Board

Ethernet ports ETH1 and ETH2

Technical Data

Type 10/100Base-TX (10/100Mbit,

twisted pair, auto-MDI/MDIX or auto-crossover)

Connector RJ45

Cable type LAN cable of category 5 (CAT5)

or better

Status indication Green LED: physical link present

Yellow LED: traffic on interface

Power over Ethernet (PoE)

IEEE 802.3af compliant.

Port capability limited to one Class 1 (3.84 W) and one Class 2 (6.49 W) power device.

Page 64

CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.5.2 The NET-1 Board

Table 6-20: Technical data of the NET-1 Ethernet port ETH1

Ethernet port ETH1

Type 10/100Base-TX (10/100Mbit,

twisted pair, auto-MDI/MDIX or auto-crossover)

Connector RJ45

Cable type LAN cable of category 5 (CAT5)

or better

Status indication Green LED: physical link present

Yellow LED: traffic on interface

Table 6-21: Technical data of the NET-1 Ethernet port ETH2

Ethernet port ETH2

Type 100Base-FX (100Mbit, fiber, duplex)

Connector MT-RJ

Cable type 50/125 µm or 62.5/125 µm (duplex

patch cable)

Cable length > 1 km (0.62 miles) possible

Status idication Green LED: physical link present

Yellow LED: traffic on interface

This is a product of Laser Class 1 (IEC 60825)

Page 65

Table 6-22: Climate

Table 6-23: Shock and vibration

Technical Data

6.6 Environmental Conditions

6.6.1 Climate

Climate

Operating temperature 0 ... +50 °C;

above +30 °C a 50 % duty cycle may apply.

Storage and transportation -25 … +70 °C

Max. altitude 2000 m

Humidity 5 … 95% relative humidity; no condensation

Climate Tested according to IEC 68-2-78

6.6.2 Shock and Vibration

Dynamics

Vibration Tested according to IEC 60068-2-6

(operating mode); frequency range 10 ... 150 Hz; acceleration 2 g continuous (20 m/s²); 10 cycles per axis

Shock Tested according to IEC 60068-2-27

(operating mode); 15 g / 11 ms, half-sinusoid, each axis

6.7 Mechanical Data

Table 6-24: Data regarding size and weight

6.8 Cleaning

Size, Weight and Protection

Weight 16.8 kg (37 lbs)

Dimensions W x H x D (without handle) 450 x 145 x 390 mm

(17.7x5.7x15.4")

Housing IP20 according to EN 60529

To clean the CMC 356, use a cloth dampened with isopropanol alcohol or water. Prior to cleaning, always switch off the power switch and unplug the power cord from the mains.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.9 Safety Standards, Electromagnetic Compatibility

Table 6-25: CE conformity, certified Safety Standards and EMC-compatibility

(EMC) and Certificates

CE Conformity, Requirements

The product adheres to the specifications of the guidelines of the council of the European Community for meeting the requirements of the member states regarding the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Directive 89/336/EEC and the low voltage Directive 73/23/EEC.

EMC

Emission

Europe International USA

Immunity

Europe International

EN 61326; EN 61000-6-4; EN 61000-3-2/3 IEC 61326; IEC 61000-6-4; IEC 61000-3-2/3 FCC Subpart B of Part 15 Class A

EN 61326; EN 61000-6-2; EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11 IEC 61326; IEC 61000-6-2; IEC 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/11

Certified Safety Standards

Europe EN 61010-1

Insulation of PC and SELV interfaces complies with EN 60950-1

International USA Canada

IEC 61010-1 UL 61010-1 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 61010-1-04

Certificate

Manufactured under an ISO9001 registered system

Page 67

6.10 Option ELT-1

Binary/analog inputs

Analog DC Inputs

Figure 6-18: Binary/analog inputs and inputs for analog DC measurement

Technical Data

The ELT-1 option enables the CMC 356 to measure analog signals:

• Analog DC inputs (+/-10V and either +/-1mA or +/-20mA) for basic transducer testing with the test module QuickCMC.

• Basic voltage and current measurements with up to three of the 10 analog measurement inputs (restricted EnerLyzer mode).

In addition, the Test U ni ve rse module EnerLyzer provides the following functionality:

• Simultaneous measurement of up to 10 voltages and/or currents.

• Evaluation of DC components (DC voltages or DC currents).

• Real-time indication of effective values (true RMS) for all measurement signals.

• Peak values indication (U

peak

, I

peak

,...).

• Phase angles with reference to a given input signal.

• Real-time calculation of apparent, reactive, and active power (in any configuration).

• Frequency and spectrum indication (harmonic diagrams) of periodic signals.

• Capturing of transient input signals with different sampling rates.

• Different triggering options for transient signal capturing (basic triggers and power quality triggers).

• Trend Recording: Measurement of RMS current, RMS voltage, frequency, phase, active, apparent and reactive power and power factor over long periods of time (up to 4 million samples possible).

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.10.1 General Data

Using the CMC 356 test set in combination with the Test Universe module Transducer enables advanced testing of multifunctional single-phase and

three-phase electrical transducers with symmetrical or non-symmetrical operating characteristics.

The hardware option ELT-1 can either be ordered with the new test set or later as a factory upgrade (the CMC 356 needs to be returned to OMICRON).

The actual capturing of the measurement values and the range switching for the channels takes place in the analog input stages AFE (A

nd). Each AFE is used by two input channels and galvanically separated

nalog Front

from the other input stages.

The measured values are passed through an isolation amplifier to the "Measurement Unit" and digitized by an A/D converter. The further processing is done by a high-performance floating point digital signal processor (DSP).

As such, apparent power, reactive power, active power, etc., can be provided in real-time and transmitted to the PC.

The analog measurement inputs have five measurement ranges that can be configured individually in the test module EnerLyzer.

• 100 mV

•1V

•10V

• 100 V

• 600 V

These range limits refer to the respective rms values of sinusoidal input signals. The ranges 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V and 100 V can be overloaded approximately with 10 %.

Input impedance: 500 kOhm || 50 pF for all measurement ranges.

Overload protection: 600 Vrms (± 850 Vpeak) from reference potential N, from another input, or protective earth (GND).

The sampling rate can be configured by software:

• 28.44 kHz

•9.48kHz

•3.16kHz

Page 69

Four different operating modes are possible:

• Multimeter Mode (section 6.10.6)

• Harmonic Analysis (section 6.10.7)

• Transient Recording (section 6.10.8)

• Trend Recording (section 6.10.9)

Technical Data

6.10.2 Analog DC Input (V

Figure 6-19: DC measurement unit (analog inputs V

, IDC)

DC, IDC

)

The measurement of analog DC signals has been implemented to enable the testing of transducers. The measurement unit consists of

• a highly accurate voltage reference,

• one ADC (Analog Digital Converter) for each input, and

• the respective input circuits (i.e., accurate voltage divider, shunt, filter).

The DC measurement unit measures the input signals V

and IDC and

performs the evaluation and forwarding of the measurement values.

Input I input is protected by a reversible input fuse. The inputs V

has two measurement ranges: 0 … ± 20 mA and 0 … ± 1mA. The

and IDC

reference a common neutral N. The DC measurement unit is galvanically isolated from all other connections on the front panel.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.10.3 Accuracy of the Analog DC Input

Table 6-26: DC measurement input

Note: Exceeding the specified input values can damage the measurement inputs!

DC Measurement Input IDC

Measurement ranges 0 ... ±1 mA

0 ... ±20 mA

Max. input current 600 mA

Accuracy Typical error

<0.003%ofrg.

Input impedance

Approx. 15

Guaranteed error <0.02%ofrg.

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana connectors

Insulation Insulation to all other front panel connections.

Reinforced insulation from all SELV interfaces and from power supply. Not galvanically isolated from V

Table 6-27: DC voltage measurement input

rg. = range, whereat n % of rg. means: n % of upper range value.

DC Voltage Measurement Input VDC

Measurement range 0…± 10 V

Max. input voltage ± 11 V

Input impedance

Max. input current ± 90 mA

Accuracy Typical error

<0.003%ofrg.

Guaranteed error <0.02%ofrg.

Connection 4 mm/0.16 " banana connectors

Insulation Not galvanically isolated from I

Page 71

6.10.4 Measuring Currents

Since the analog inputs of the CMC 356 are voltage inputs, current measurement has to be performed using suitable active current clamps with voltage outputs or shunt resistors.

OMICRON offers the C-PROBE1 as a suitable current clamp (refer to section 9.5, "Current Clamp C-PROBE1" on page 112). The C-PROBE1 is not included in the scope of delivery of option ELT-1 and thus has to be ordered separately.

For further information, please contact OMICRON electronics (refer to section "Contact Information / Technical Support" on page 137).

Technical Data

Page 72

CMC 356 Reference Manual

ANALOG DC INPUT

Only available with option ELT-1.

PTC

0-±20mA 0-±10V

BINARY/ANALOG INPUT

500kΩ 500kΩ

3 - 10 identical

Circuit diagram of a binary input

for potential-free operation

240 kΩ

500kΩ

25 pF

Vin +

Vin -

2.5V

12V

Vcomp

1MΩ

6.10.5 Accuracy of Binary/Analog Inputs with Option ELT-1

Figure 6-20: Simplified diagrams of analog and binary inputs with option ELT-1 installed

The technical data for the binary inputs change with the installation of option ELT-1.

Page 73

Table 6-28: Data for potential-sensing operation

Data for Potential-Sensing Operation

Threshold voltage data per input

Setting range Resolution

range

100 mV 1V 10 V 100 V 600 V

±140mV ±1.4V ±14V ±140V ±600V

Max. input voltage CAT II / 600 V

CAT III/ / 300 V CAT IV / 150 V

Threshold voltage accuracy1 per range:

Error:

(850 Vpk)

rms

Technical Data

2mV 20 mV 200 mV 2V 20 V

Table 6-29: Data for potential-free operation

6.10.6 Multimeter Mode

100mV, 1V, 10V, 100V, 600 V

typical < 2 %, guaranteed < 4 % typical < 5 %, guaranteed < 10 %

Threshold voltage hysteresis 1…5 % of the specified input in

reference to each range’s full-scale

Input impedance

Valid for positive voltage signal edge; percentage is shown in respect to each range’s full-scale.

Data for Potential-Free Operation

Trigger criteria

Logical 0: R > 80 k

500 k

Ω (|| 50 pF)

Logical 1: R < 40 kΩ

Input impedance

Refer to figure 5-2, "Simplified circuit diagrams of binary inputs and outputs (CMC 356 standard, without option ELT-1 installed)" on page 28.

162 k

Ω (|| 50 pF)

This operating mode is designed for measuring steady-state signals (e.g., also non-sinusoidal shaped signals). Measurements such as rms values, phase angle, frequency, etc. can be performed.

The input signals are processed in real time without delay.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.10.6.1 Accuracy of AC Measurements

Table 6-30: Sampling rate 28.44 kHz; measurement range 600 V, 100 V, 10 V, 1 V

Table 6-31: Sampling rate 28.44 kHz; measurement range 100 mV

Table 6-32: Sampling rate

9.48 kHz

3.16 kHz; measurement range 600 V, 100 V, 10 V, 1 V

Table 6-33: Sampling rate

9.48 kHz

3.16 kHz; measurement range 100 mV

Conditions: integration time 1 s, measurement signal sinusoidal, excitation 10 - 100 %, accuracy references the measurement full scale values.

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed DC ± 0.15% ± 0.40% 10 Hz ... 100 Hz ± 0.06% ± 0.15% 10 Hz ... 1 kHz + 0.06% / -0.11% ± 0.25% 10 Hz ... 10 kHz + 0.06% / -0.7% ± 1.1%

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed DC ± 0.15% ± 0.45% 10 Hz ... 100 Hz ± 0.1% ± 0.3% 10 Hz ... 1 kHz + 0.15% / -0.2% ± 0.5% 10 Hz ... 10 kHz + 0.15% / -1.0% ± 2%

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed DC ± 0.15% ± 0.45% 10 Hz ... 100 Hz ± 0.08% ± 0.2% 10 Hz ... 1 kHz + 0.1% / -0.3% ± 0.5% 10 Hz ... 4 kHz

+ 0.1% / -0.5% ± 1.2% (sampling rate 9.48 kHz)

10 Hz ... 1.4 kHz

+ 0.1% / -0.5% ± 1.0% (sampling rate 3.16 kHz)

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed DC ±0.15% ±0.5% 10 Hz ... 100 Hz ± 0.1% ± 0.35% 10 Hz ... 1 kHz + 0.15% / -0.35% ± 0.5% 10 Hz ... 4 kHz

+ 0.15% / -0.6% ± 1.2% (sampling rate 9.48 kHz)

10 Hz ... 1.4 kHz

+ 0.15%/ -0.6% ± 1.2% (sampling rate 3.16 kHz)

Page 75

Figure 6-21:

Frequency Response in the 100 V Range

(SR = 28.44 kHz)

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0.5

02468101214

Frequency / kHz

Rel. Erro r / %

Max i mum+3 Si gma max

Min imu m-3 Si gma max

Frequency response in the 100 V range

(SR = 28.44 kHz)

Frequency in kHz

Rel. error in %

Actual - Expected

Full scale

x 100 %Relative error:

(SR = 9.48 kHz)

-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

012345

Frequency / kHz

Rel. Error / /%

Min imu m-3 Si gma max

Max i mum+3 Si gma max

Frequency response in the 100 V range

(SR = 9.48 kHz)

Frequency in kHz

Rel. error in %

Typical frequency response with a sampling rate of 28.44 kHz and an input voltage of 70 V

Technical Data

The accuracy data contains linearity, temperature, long-term drift, and frequency.

Figure 6-22: Typical frequency

Frequency Response in the 100 V Range

response with a sampling rate of 9.48 kHz and an input voltage of 70 V

b) 3Sigma

The 3Sigma

represents the maximum of the 3Sigma values of all 10 input channels.

max

value of an analog input are determined from 50 measurement values.

max

Page 76

CMC 356 Reference Manual

AC Lin ea rit y in t he 100 V Range

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0 102030405060708090100

RMS Am plitude / V

Rel. Erro r / %

Max i mum+ 3Si gma max

Min imu m-3 Si gma min

AC linearity in the 100 V range

Amplitude (rms) in V

Rel. error in %

Actual - Expected

Full scale

x 100 %Relative error:

Figure 6-23: Typical AC linear progression at 50 Hz and a sampling rate of

28.44 kHz

6.10.6.2 Channel Cross-Talk

Table 6-34: Cross talk dampening

Conditions: sinusoidal form infeed on a channel without overload, AC measurement on neighboring channel, integration time 1 s.

Measurement range 600 V 100 V 10 V 1 V 100 mV

Dampening in dB 80 105 95 120 120

Cross talk dampening on channels of the same potential groups in dB at f=50Hz

Table 6-35: Cross talk dampening

Measurement range 600 V 100 V 10 V 1 V 100 mV

Dampening in dB 65 80 75 95 95

Cross talk dampening on channels of the same potential groups in dB at f = 500 Hz

The cross-talk dampening on a neighboring channel of another potential

group is greater than 120 dB in all measurement ranges (f = 50 Hz or 500 Hz).

b) 3Sigma

max

The 3Sigma

represents the maximum of the 3Sigma values of all 10 input channels.

value of an analog input are determined from 50 measurement values.

max

Page 77

6.10.6.3 Accuracy of Phase Measurement

Phase Error as a Function of the input voltage

(Phase CH1-CH2, Range:100 V, f = 50 Hz)

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

110100

Amplitude CH2 (Vrms )

Phase Error / °

CH1: 10 V

CH1: 70 V

CH1: 50 V

Phase. error in °

Phase error as function of the input voltage

Phase CH1-CH2; range: 100 V; f = 50 Hz

Amplitude CH2 in Vrms

Phase Er ror as function of the s ampling rate

(fin = 50Hz, R:100 V)

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0,35

0,4

28.44kHz 9.48kHz 3.16kHz

Sampling Rate

Phase Error / °

U = 10Vrms (R:100V)

U = 20Vrms (R:100V)

U = 70Vrms (R:100V

Phase. error in °

Phase error as function of the sampling rate

(fin = 50 Hz, range = 100 V)

Sampling rate

Figure 6-24: Phase error as function of input voltage

Technical Data

Conditions: integration time 1 s, measurement signal sinusoidal, measurement range 100 V, f = 50 Hz, sampling rate 28.44 kHz.

Figure 6-25: Phase error as function of sampling rate

Conditions: integration time 1 s, measurement signal sinusoidal, f = 50 Hz, measurement range 100 V, both channels same excitation (20 V, 70 V).

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Phase Error as a Function of Frequency (SR = 28.44 kHz, R: 100 V, Uin = 20 V rm s)

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Frequency / Hz

Phase Error / °

Phase error as function of input frequency

(fs = 28.44 kHz, range = 100 V, Uin = 20 Vrms)

Phase. error in °

Frequency in Hz

Figure 6-26: Typical phase error as function of the input frequency

Conditions: integration time 1 s, measurement signal sinusoidal, sampling rate = 28.44 kHz, measurement range 100 V, excitation on both channels 20 Vrms.

The maximum input frequency for the phase measurement depends on the sampling rate.

Table 6-36: Sampling rate and input frequency range

Sampling rate Input frequency range

28.44 kHz 10 Hz ... 2.30 kHz

9.48 kHz 10 Hz ... 750 Hz

3.16 kHz 10 Hz ... 250 Hz

Note:

1. The measurement accuracy of phase can be improved by:

• increasing the integration time

• enabling the recursive averaging function

2. When measuring very small phase shifts (less than 0.2 °), the sign (positive or negative) of the measurement results can not be definitely determined. If this causes a problem, please refer to the phase measurement in the harmonic analysis.

3. For measuring phase, the input voltage should be greater than 5 % of full scale. An overload of the measurement channel does not negatively affect the obtainable accuracy.

Page 79

6.10.6.4 Accuracy of Frequency Measurement

Error in Frequency Measur em ent as a Function of the input voltage

(Measured over 50 Periods)

0,001

0,01

0,1

1 10 100 1000

Volt age s ignal in % of full r ange

Rel. Frequency Error / %

Error in frequency measurement as a function of the input voltage

(measured over 50 periods)

Rel. frequency error in %

Voltage signal in % of full range

Figure 6-27: Error in the frequency measurement as a function of the input voltage

Technical Data

Conditions: integration time 1 s, measurement signal sinusoid.

The maximum input frequency for the frequency measurement depends on the sampling rate.

Table 6-37: Sampling rate and input frequency range.

Sampling rate Input frequency range

28.44 kHz 10 Hz ... 1500 Hz

9.48 kHz 5 Hz ... 500 Hz

3.16 kHz 5 Hz ... 150 Hz

Conditions: Excitation greater than 10 % from measurement full scale, duty cycle 50 %.

Note: With the harmonic analysis, input frequencies up to 3.4 kHz can be measured.

Page 80

CMC 356 Reference Manual

---=*ut()*it() td



Q S2P2–= *sign_Q

1 T

--- * ut()



1 T

--- * it()



Actual - Expected

Full scale

x 100 %Relative error:

6.10.6.5 Accuracy of Power Measurement

General

The power is calculated from one current channel and one voltage channel:

Active power: [W]

x I

Apparent power: S = V

rms

[VA]

Reactive power: [var]

= , I

rms

Accuracies

Table 6-38: Sampling rates

28.44kHz

9.48kHz

3.16kHz

Table 6-39: Sampling rate

28.44kHz

Conditions: integration time 1s, measurement signal sinusoidal, excitation 10-100 %, accuracy references the apparent power, error of the current clamp is not taken into account.

Frequency range Power Accuracy

AC Typical Guaranteed 10 Hz ... 100 Hz S ± 0.3 % ± 0.7 %

P±0.3% ±0.7% Q±0.8% ±2%

Frequency range Power Accuracy

AC Typical Guaranteed 10 Hz ... 2.2 kHz S + 0.3 % / - 1.2 % ± 2.5 %

P + 0.3 % / - 1,2 % ± 2.5 % Q + 0.8 % / - 2.5 % ± 3.5 %

S = Apparent power P = Active power Q = Reactive power

Page 81

Technical Data

Actual - Expected

Full scale

x 100 %Relative error:

Table 6-40: Sampling rate

9.48 kHz

Table 6-41: Sampling rate

3.16 kHz

Table 6-42: DC accuracy

Frequency range Power Accuracy

AC Typical Guaranteed

10 Hz ... 750 Hz S + 0.3 % / - 0.7 % ± 1.8 %

10 Hz ... 750 Hz P + 0.3 % / - 0.7 % ± 1.8 %

10 Hz ... 750 Hz Q + 0.8 % / - 1.2 % ± 2.5 %

Frequency range Power Accuracy

AC Typical Guaranteed

10 Hz ... 250 Hz S + 0.3 % / - 0.5 % ± 1.3 %

10 Hz ... 250 Hz P + 0.3 % / - 0.5 % ± 1.3 %

10 Hz ... 250 Hz Q + 0.8 % / - 1 % ± 2.2 %

Power Accuracy

DC Typical Guaranteed

P, S ± 0.3 % ± 0.9 %

S = Apparent power P = Active power Q = Reactive power

Note: The accuracy specifications include linearity, temperature, ageing drift, frequency and phase response.

Page 82

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Typ. Error apparent pow er S as a function of the excitation

(fs = 28.44kHz, f=50Hz)

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,1

0,12

0,14

0,16

0,18

0,2

0 10203040 5060708090100

Excitation CH1&CH2 / %

Rel. Error / %

phi = 1° phi = 60° cos p hi=0.01 (89.4 °)

Typical error of apparent power S as function of the excitation

(fs = 28.44 kHz, f = 50 Hz)

Rel. error in %

Excitation CH1 & CH2 in %

Typ. Err or re al powe r P as a function of the excitation

(fs = 28.44k Hz, f =50Hz)

-0,05

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0 1020 30405060708090100

Excitation CH1&CH2 / %

Rel. Error / %

phi = 1° ph i = 60° cos phi=0.01 (89.4°)

Typical error of active power P as function of the excitation

(fs = 28.44 kHz, f = 50 Hz)

Rel. error in %

Excitation CH1 & CH2 in %

Figure 6-28: Typical error of the apparent power S as function of the excitation, fs = 28.44 kHz, fin = 50 Hz

Typical relative error as function of the excitation

Figure 6-29: Typical error of the active power P as a function of the excitation considering the apparent power, fs = 28.44 kHz, fin = 50 Hz

Page 83

Figure 6-30:

(fs = 28.44kHz, f=50Hz)

-0,15

-0,1

-0,05

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0 10 2030 405060 708090100

Excitation CH1&CH2 / %

Rel. Error / %

phi = 1° phi = 60° co s ph i=0.01 (89.4°)

Typical error of reactive power Q as function of the excitation

(fs = 28.44 kHz, f = 50 Hz)

Rel. error in %

Excitation CH1 & CH2 in %

Typ. Error reactive power Q as a function of the phas e shift

(fs = 28.44k Hz , f = 50HZ)

-0,4

-0,3

-0,2

-0,1

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1

Phas e / °

Rel. Error / %

Average Error Error (+3s igma) Er r or ( - 3s ig m a)

Typical error of reactive power Q as function of the phase shift

(fs = 28.44 kHz, f = 50 Hz)

Rel. error in %

Phase shift in °

Typical error of the reactive power Q as a function of the excitation, fs = 28.44 kHz, fin = 50 Hz

Figure 6-31: Typical error

of the reactive power Q as a function of the phase shift considering the apparent power, fs = 28.44 kHz, fin = 50 Hz, excitation CH1 and CH2 = 70 %.

Technical Data

Typ. Erro r re active power Q as a function of the excitation

Conditions: integration time 1s, measurement signal sinusoid, sampling rate = 28.44 kHz, fin = 50 Hz

Conditions: integration time 1s, measurement signal sinusoidal, sampling rate = 28.44 kHz, both channels with same excitation 70 %

The 3Sigma values are determined from 50 measurement values.

Page 84

CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.10.7 Harmonic Analysis

Note:

• For very small phase shifts (< 0,3 °) and small excitation (< 10 %), too small integration time (< 1 s) or sampling rate 3.16 kHz, the sign of the reactive power cannot definitely be determined.

• The accuracy of the power measurement depends primarily on the accuracy of the current clamp (refer to section 9.5, "Current Clamp CPROBE1" on page 112).

This operating mode is designed for measuring stationary signals (e.g., not sinusoid shaped). The input signal is separated into fundamental and harmonic waves (Fourier Analysis).

The following items are measured:

• frequency of the fundamental wave

• amplitude of the fundamental and harmonic waves

• phase shifts between the fundamental and harmonic waves (also from the different channels)

The input signals are captured. Finally, the calculation of the measurement items is carried out. During this time, the input signal is not taken into consideration.

Page 85

6.10.7.1 Accuracy of Frequency Measurement

Unce rtainty in Freque ncy M easur ement

-0,05

-0,04

-0,03

-0,02

-0,01

0,01

0,02

0,03

0,04

0,05

110100

Volt age s ignal in % of full r ange

Frequeny Error / Hz

Average

Av g+3Sigmamax

A v g- 3 Si gma max

Accuracy of frequency measurement

as function of the voltage signal

Frequency error in %

Voltage signal in % of full range

Table 6-43: Sampling rate and input frequency range

Figure 6-32: Accuracy of frequency measurement as function of the voltage signal

Technical Data

The permitted input frequency range depends on the specified sampling rate:

Sampling rate Input frequency range

28.44 kHz 49 Hz ... 3400 Hz

9.48 kHz 17 Hz ... 1100 Hz

3.16 kHz 5 Hz ... 380 Hz

Conditions: sampling rate 9.48 kHz, fin=20 Hz ... 1 kHz

Note: Through recursive averaging, the measurement uncertainty can be further reduced.

Page 86

CMC 356 Reference Manual

6.10.7.2 Accuracy of Amplitude Measurement

Table 6-44: Sampling rate and input frequency range

Table 6-45: Sampling rate 28.44 kHz, measurement range 600 V, 100 V, 10 V, 1 V

Table 6-46: Sampling rate 28.44 kHz, measurement range 100 mV

Table 6-47: Sampling rate

9.48 kHz

3.16 kHz, measurement range 600 V, 100 V, 10 V, 1 V

The measurement values are given as effective values (rms).

The permitted input frequency range for the fundamental wave depends on the specified sampling rate:

Sampling rate Input frequency range

28.44 kHz 100 Hz (= fmin) ... 3200 Hz

9.48 kHz 30 Hz (= fmin) ... 1000 Hz

3.6 kHz 10 Hz (= fmin) ... 350 Hz

Valid for fundamental and harmonic waves in specified frequency range; accuracy refers to full scale.

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed

fmin ... 1 kHz ± 0.1 % ± 0.3 %

fmin ... 10 kHz + 0.1 % / - 0.7 % ± 1.1 %

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed

fmin ... 1 kHz ± 0.2 % ± 0.5 %

fmin ... 10 kHz + 0.2 % / - 1.0 % ± 2.0 %

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed

fmin ... 100 Hz ± 0.1 % ± 0.3 %

fmin ... 1 kHz + 0.1 % / - 0.5 % ± 0.8 %

fmin ... 4 kHz

+ 0.1 % / - 0.8 % ±1.2 %

(sampling rate = 9.48 kHz)

fmin ... 1.4 kHz

+ 0.1 % / - 0.8 % ±1.2 %

(sampling rate = 3.16 kHz)

Page 87

Table 6-48:

Uncer tain ty p has e m e asu re me nt as a f unct ion of Excitatio n

(fs =9.48 kHz, fin=50 Hz)

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

110100

Excitation / %

Phase Error / °

Average

Av g+3Sigmamax

A v g- 3 Sig ma max

Accuracy of phase measurement

as function of the excitaiton

Phase error in °

Excitation in %

Sampling rate

9.48 kHz

3.16 kHz measurement range 100 mV

6.10.7.3 Accuracy of Phase Measurement

Table 6-49: Sampling rate and input frequency range

Table 6-50: Accuracy of phase measurement as function of the excitation

Technical Data

Frequency range Accuracy

Typical Guaranteed fmin ... 100 Hz ± 0.15 % ± 0.4 % fmin ... 1 kHz ± 0.2 % / - 0.5 % ± 0.8 % fmin ... 4 kHz

+ 0.2 % / - 1.0 % ± 1.5 % (sampling rate = 9.48 kHz)

fmin ... 1.4 kHz

+ 0.25 % / - 1.0 % ± 2.0 % (sampling rate = 3.16 kHz)

The permitted input frequency range for the fundamental wave depends on the specified sampling rate:

Sampling rate Input frequency range

28.44 kHz 100 Hz ... 3200 Hz

9.48 kHz 30 Hz ... 1000 Hz

3.16 kHz 10 Hz ... 350 Hz

Conditions: sampling rate 9.48 kHz, fin = 50 Hz.

Note: Through recursive averaging, the measurement uncertainty can be reduced further.

Page 88

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Start time for

recording

Trigger event

End of

recording

Trigger delay (negative)

Recording of input signals

6.10.8 Transient Recording

Figure 6-33: Illustration of the relationship between trigger events, trigger delay, and recording time

In this operating mode, transient signals on up to 10 input channels can be recorded synchronously.

The recording starts whenever a pre-defined trigger condition is met. The selectable trigger conditions are:

• Trigger on threshold with positive or negative edge

• Combination of different power quality triggers (sag, swell, harmonic, frequency, frequency change, notch)

In addition, a time offset for the capture window relative to the trigger event

can be specified. The trigger delay can be

• positive (recording begins after the trigger event)

• or negative (recording begins already before the trigger event).

Note: More details about triggering methods can be found in the OMICRON Test Universe Help and in the practical examples of the ELT-1 option.

The maximum length of the recording depends on the settings for the sample rate and the number of channels to be captured.

Page 89

Table 6-51: The maximum recording time depends on the number of active channels and the sampling frequency

Number of active channels

Maximum recording time [s] at fs = 28.4 kHz

Maximum recording time [s] at fs = 9.48 kHz

Maximum recording time [s] at fs = 3.16 kHz

1 35.16 s 105.47 s 316.41 s

2 17.58 s 52.73 s 158.20 s

3 11.72 s 35.16 s 105.47 s

4 8.79 s 26.37 s 79.10 s

5 7.03 s 21.09 s 63.28 s

6 5.86 s 17.58 s 52.73 s

7 5.02 s 15.07 s 45.20 s

8 4.40 s 13.18 s 39.55 s

9 3.91s 11.72s 35.15s

10 3.52 s 10.55 s 31.64 s

3.20 s 9.59 s 28.76 s

Technical Data

All binary inputs are stored as one channel.

Accuracy of the sampling value:

• measurement ranges 600 V, 100 V, 10 V, 1 V: ± 0.2 % typical ± 0.5 % guaranteed

• measurement range 100 mV: ± 0.3 % typical ± 0.6 % guaranteed

The accuracy data are full scale errors.

6.10.9 Trend Recording

In Trend Recording Mode, you can make a historical plot of various measurements over time. It is possible to measure RMS voltage, RMS current, phase, real, apparent and reactive power and the power factor.

The main view has a CTS Chart. Each selected measurement function appears in a separate diagram (i.e. all frequency measurements in the frequency diagram). RMS current and voltage appear in separate diagrams. Time is displayed in seconds on the x-axis. The diagram is scrolled from right-to-left as new data is recorded.

Page 90

CMC 356 Reference Manual

LL out 7 - 12

6.11 Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)

The LLO-2 option ("LL out 7 - 12") represents an additional SELV (SELV = S independent generator triples. These six high accuracy analog signal sources can serve to either control an external amplifier or to directly provide small signal outputs.

The outputs 7-12 extend the low level outputs 1-6 ("LL out 1-6") by two more independent generator triples. Outputs 7-12 are technically identical to outputs 1-6.

For more information please refer section 6.3.5, "Low Level Outputs "LL out" for External Amplifiers" on page 52.

afety Extra Low Voltage) interface connector holding two

Page 91

Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes

7INCREASING THE OUTPUT POWER,

OPERATING MODES

The CMC 356 has a very large application diversity. The current outputs offer enough output power to test all electromechanical relays.

In particular, the CMC 356 offers a variety of types of single-phase operation using its two galvanically separated three-phase current outputs with which the output power from the units can be significantly increased.

In cases when the current or the output power - or even the number of independent voltages or currents - is insufficient, it is possible to switch individual amplifier groups of the CMC 356 in parallel or to connect external amplifiers (up to six independent additional channels) to the "LL out 1-6".

The option "LLO-2" extends the low level outputs by two more independent generator triples “LL out 7-12” (refer to section 6.11, "Option LLO-2 (Low Level Outputs)" on page 90).

The operating modes illustrated in the following sections can be set in the Hardware Configuration of the OMICRON Test Universe software.

7.1 Safety Instructions for High Current Output

Observe the following safety instructions when using the operating modes and connection methods described in this chapter.

• For currents greater than 25 A, the test object (load) should be exclusively connected to the 4 mm/0.16 " banana sockets and not to the generator combination socket.

• Since a current of 32 A flowing through a test lead (2 m/6 ft. legth,

2.5 mm connection methods shown in this chapter.

• When connecting current outputs in parallel, it has to be ensured that the test leads are only connected together immediately at the test object and that the test leads have sufficient diameter.

• At maximum amplitude of the 128 A mode, the cable losses can amount to 112 W for AC and 280 W for DC operation.

• At maximum amplitude of the 64 A mode, the cable losses can amount to 28 W for AC and 140 W for DC operation.

• For applications drawing DC current: The test object (load) should be exclusively non-inductive! Note that a load of, for example, 1 Henry can store 50 J (Joule) at 10 A DC for a long period of time. Electrical shocks with more than 350 mJ can be life-hazardous for the user.

) causes a loss of 15 ... 18 W, we recommend to use the

Page 92

CMC 356 Reference Manual

Load

1’

N’

7.2 Single-Phase Operation of the CMC 356

7.2.1 1 x 32 A High Burden Mode (L-L-L-L)

Figure 7-1: Single-phase operation, 1 x 32 A high burden mode

1 x 0 ... 32 A (±45 ADC), max. 140 V

, 1 x 1740 VA at 25 A

peak

Both amplifier groups CURRENT OUTPUT A and CURRENT OUTPUT B are connected in series. The currents 1 and 2 of a group are phaseopposite. This results in four times the compliance voltage of a single output.

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

Refer to the output curves shown in the figures 6-1 through 6-5 in section

6.3.2, "Current Outputs" on page 43.

Page 93

Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes

Load

1’

N’

7.2.2 1 x 64 A High Burden and High Current Mode (L-L)

Figure 7-2: Single-phase operation, 1 x 64 A high burden and high current mode

1 x 0 ... 64 A (±90 ADC), max. 70 V

, 1 x 1740 VA at 50 A

peak

The currents 1 and 2 of each group are phase-opposite. In addition, the groups A and B are connected in parallel.

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

Refer to the output curves shown in the figures 6-1 through 6-5 in section

6.3.2, "Current Outputs" on page 43.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Load

1’

N’

7.2.3 1 x 128 A High Current Mode (LL-LN)

Figure 7-3: Single-phase operation, 1 x 128 A high current mode

1 x 0 ... 128 A (±180 ADC), max. 35 V

Since the current over the N socket is limited to 32 A

, 1 x 1000 VA at 80 A

peak

rms

(45 ADC), the third

phase is used to support the N socket. The currents 1, 2 of groups A and B are connected in parallel.

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

Refer to the output curves shown in the figures 6-1 through 6-5 in section

6.3.2, "Current Outputs" on page 43.

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7.2.4 Single-Phase Voltage

Load

1’

N’

Load

1’

N’

Figure 7-4: Single-phase operation of the voltage system (L-N)

Figure 7-5: Single-phase operation of the voltage system (L-L phase opposition)

Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes

1 x 0 ... 300 V, 1 x 200 VA [100 ... 300 V] typical

1 x 0 ... 600 V, 1 x 275 VA [200 ... 600 V] typical

Refer to the output curves shown in the figures 6-8 through 6-9 in section

6.3.3, "Voltage Outputs" on page 48.

Note: Never connect N’ or any other phase to GND (PE). This can cause life-hazardous

situations to persons and damage to property.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Load

1’

’

2’

’

7.3 Two-Phase Operation

7.3.1 2x64A High Current Mode (LL-LN)

For some applications it is beneficial to have two independent currents, each higher than 32 A

, or a higher compliance voltage available.

rms

Figure 7-6: Two-phase operation, 2 x 64 A high current mode

2 x 0 ... 64 A (±90 ADC), max. 35 V

Since the current over the N socket is limited to 32 A

, 2 x 500 VA at 40 A

peak

(45 ADC), the third

rms

phase is used to support the N socket.

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

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Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes

Load

1’

’

2’

’

7.3.2 2 x 32 A High Burden Mode (L-L)

Figure 7-7: Two-phase operation 2 x 32 A high burden mode

2 x 0 ... 32 A (±45 ADC), max. 70 V

, 2 x 870 VA at 25 A

peak

The currents 1 and 2 of each group are phase-opposite.

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

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CMC 356 Reference Manual

Load

1’

’

2’

’

3’

’

7.4 Three-Phase Current Mode with High Burden

Figure 7-8: Three-phase operation

3 x 0 ... 32 A (±45 ADC), max. 70 V

, 3 x 860 VA at 25 A

peak

For loads with three separate phases it is possible to double the available compliance voltage. However, this configuration does not make sense, if a common N connector is required! Do not connect N1, N2 and N3 to each other!

Observe the safety instructions given in Section 7.1 on page 91 when using this operating mode.

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Increasing the Output Power, Operating Modes

7.5 Operation with External Amplifiers

The connections "LL out 1-6" offer a large variety of extension possibilities. They enable the connection of external amplifiers in order to increase the number of independent voltage or current channels and thus provide the possibility to realize additional applications the CMC 356 alone cannot cover.

Each LL output socket ("LL out 1-6" and the optional "LL out 7-12") can connect up to four external amplifiers with six independent channels.

The following configurations are possible:

•9×25A

/ 70 VA for differential relays in three galvanically separated

rms

current triples with CMC 356 + CMA 156.

• 6 × 250 V / 75 VA for the synchronization in two galvanically separated voltage triples with CMC 356 + CMS 156.

For a complete overview of the supported configurations of the CMC 356 and CMA/S amplifiers see the OMICRON Tes t Uni v ers e Help, topic Hardware Configuration.

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