Omega Products FV-200 Installation Manual
User’s Guide
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Series FV-200
Vortex Shedding Flow Meter
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
DESCRIPTION .........................................................................................................................................................................1
OPERATING PRINCIPLE .......................................................................................................................................................1
FLUIDS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
GENERAL INSTALLATION INFORMATION ...................................................................................................... 2
FLOW RATE AND RANGE REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................. 2
PIPING REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 2
BACK PRESSURE ....................................................................................................................................................................7
TEMPERATURE .......................................................................................................................................................................7
OUTPUTS .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
KFACTORS ..............................................................................................................................................................................8
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
POWER ......................................................................................................................................................................................8
WIRING ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4-20 mA LOOP .................................................................................................................................................................... 8
0-5 VDC Output ................................................................................................................................................................11
Pulse Output .....................................................................................................................................................................11
3 PIN CONNECTION OPTION ..........................................................................................................................................12
RVL INLINE SERIES ..............................................................................................................................................14
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................14
FLOW RATES ..........................................................................................................................................................................14
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................................................15
Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................16
Temperature Limits .........................................................................................................................................................16
Pressure Drop ....................................................................................................................................................................16
RVL WAFER SERIES .............................................................................................................................................17
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................17
FLOW RATES ..........................................................................................................................................................................17
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................................................17
Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................20
Temperature Limits .........................................................................................................................................................20
Pressure Drop ....................................................................................................................................................................21
RVL TUBE SERIES .................................................................................................................................................22
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................22
FLOW RATES ..........................................................................................................................................................................22
MECHANICAL INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................................................22
Dimensions ........................................................................................................................................................................23
Temperature Limits .........................................................................................................................................................24
Pressure Drop ....................................................................................................................................................................24
MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................................................................25
TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................................................................................25
APPENDIX .................................................................................................................................................................26
INTRODUCTION
DESCRIPTION
The FV-200 series vortex-shedding ow meter is a general-purpose electronic liquid ow meter. Three
outputs are available. The standard output is a two wire (loop powered) 4-20 mA current. Options for a 0
to 5 VDC or a frequency output proportional to the volumetric ow rate are also available. The choice of
output must be made at the time of ordering. High accuracy is assured by individual ow testing. Since it
uses no moving parts, maintenance is minimized.
The FV-200 is available in several types of plastics allowing them to be used in a wide variety of chemical
applications.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Counter
Detector
An everyday example of a vortex
shedding phenomenon is a ag
waving in the breeze: the ag
waves due to the vortices shed by
Bluff
Body
air moving across the agpole.
Within the ow meter, as a uid
Detector
moves across a tiny strut or “blu
body”, vortices are also shed but
on a smaller scale. The vortices
FIGURE 1
form alternately, from one side to
the other, causing pressure uctuations. These are detected by the crystals in the sensor tube, and are
converted to an analog signal or pulse output. The frequency of the vortices is directly proportional to
the ow. This results in extremely accurate and repeatable measurements with no troublesome moving
parts (see gure 1).
FLUIDS
Any clean liquid compatible with the plastic material of construction that does not contain signi cant
amounts of bers or abrasive materials can be used.
Danger - Do not use with: explosive
or ammable materials, food or beverages, or gaseous uids.
Viscosities above 1 cSt will raise the minimum
usable ow rate (in e ect reducing range-ability). This e ect is linear to viscosity. No adjustments are required for viscosities up to 2.0 cSt.
Liquids with higher viscosities will adversely
Viscosity Minimum Maximum Flow Range
1 cSt 1 12 12:1
2 cSt 2 12 6:1
3 cSt 3 12 4:1
4 cSt 4 12 3:1
5 cSt 5 12 2.4:1
6 cSt 6 12 2:1
Viscosity and Rangeability
a ect the permissible amount and duration of
over range ow (see table 1).
TABLE 1
Page 1
GENERAL INSTALLATION INFORMATION
Prior to installation, the following items should be considered.
1) The vortex transmitter contains electronic circuitry which can be a ected by high electromagnetic or electrostatic elds. Care should be taken to locate the installation in an area away from large
electrical motors, transformers, or other devices which can produce such interference.
2) Proper grounding is required to eliminate electrical noise which may be present within the uid
and piping system or in the near vicinity of the vortex transmitter. For non-conductive piping systems, an exterior grounding strap should be used to provide a path to earth ground. For conductive piping systems, a properly grounded pipe will require no additional preparation.
FLOW RATE AND RANGE REQUIREMENTS
Most manufacturers state ow range capabilities by publishing the maximum allowed ow rates. Then
they provide a turndown ratio to determine minimum ow rate. To use the turndown ratio, simply divide
the maximum rate by the ratio to determine the minimum rate. The FV-200 vortex ow meters have a
12:1 turndown ratio at a viscosity of 1 cSt. Higher viscosities will reduce the turndown.
NOTE: The ¼” NPT and ½” Flare meters have a standard turndown ratio of 8:1
PIPING REQUIREMENTS
Turbulence in the pipe line can a ect the accuracy of most ow meters. Sources of turbulence are
pumps, valves, or changes-in-direction in the line. To avoid these potential problems, it is standard practice to place the meter a certain distance from the turbulence source. These distances are indicated in
Pipe Diameters (PD). For example, 10 PD means place the ow meter ten times its inside diameter away
from the source of turbulence. Downstream distances between the meter and a valve or a change-indirection must also be followed.
The best accuracy is achieved with at least 20 PD upstream and 5 PD downstream for FV-200 vortex ow
meters. If an upstream elbow is closely coupled to another elbow creating a change in plane, 27 PD is
required upstream and 10 PD downstream. (see Figure 2, 3, and 4)
When the diameter of the meter is smaller than the pipe line, at least 20 PD of pipe with the same diameter as the meter upstream, and 2 PD downstream is needed. Overall, 25 PD of straight run prior to the
meter is required (see Figure 5). If there is a plane change in the installation, this IN OUT requirement increases to 25 PD upstream (30 overall). The downstream requirement is now 2 PD of pipe with the same
diameter as the meter, and a minimum of 5 PD overall of straight run. If there is a valve downstream the
usual 10 PD between the meter and a valve is still required.
If the required piping parameters are not met, there will be a reduction in accuracy.
NOTE: Pulsating ow will a ect accuracy (pressure pulses will not.
Page 2
HORIZONTAL FLOW - (Sensing element in vertical orientation)
Piping Requirements
Con guration
(pipe diameters)
Inlet Outlet
1 plane change
5
20
1 plane change w/outlet valve 10
2 plane changes
5
27
2 plane changes w/outlet valve 10
20 Dia
Minimum
Flow
20 Dia
Minimum
Accuracy
(full scale)
±1.00% 0.25%
5 Dia
Minimum
10 Dia
Minimum
Repeatability
(of point)
Two Plane
Changes
Two Plane
Changes
Flow
27 Dia
Minimum
Flow
5 Dia
Minimum
27 Dia
Minimum
Flow
10 Dia
Minimum
FIGURE 2
Page 3
HORIZONTAL FLOW - (Sensing element in horizontal orientation)
Piping Requirements
Con guration
(pipe diameters)
Inlet Outlet
1 plane change
5
20
1 plane change w/outlet valve 10
2 plane changes
5
27
2 plane changes w/outlet valve 10
20 Dia
Minimum
Flow
20 Dia
Minimum
Flow
Accuracy
(full scale)
Repeatability
(of point)
±1.50% 0.25%
5 Dia
Minimum
10 Dia
Minimum
Two Plane
Changes
Two Plane
Changes
27 Dia
Minimum
Flow
27 Dia
Minimum
Flow
5 Dia
Minimum
10 Dia
Minimum
FIGURE 3
Page 4
VERTICAL FLOW - (upward or downward ow and sensor in any orientation)
Piping Requirements
Con guration
(pipe diameters)
Inlet Outlet
1 plane change
20
1 plane change w/outlet valve 10
2 plane changes
27
2 plane changes w/outlet valve 10
Two Plane
Changes
Flow
Minimum
27 Dia
Two Plane
Changes
Flow
Minimum
27 Dia
Accuracy
(full scale)
Repeatability
(of point)
5
±1.00% 0.25%
5
Flow
20 Dia
Minimum
Flow
20 Dia
Minimum
10 Dia
Minimum
5 Dia
Minimum
FIGURE 4
Page 5
10 Dia
Minimum
5 Dia
Minimum
25 Dia
Minimum
10 Dia
Minimum
Flow
5 Dia
Minimum
5 Dia
Minimum
Two Plane
Changes
5 Dia
Minimum
20 Dia
Minimum
25 Dia
Minimum
20 Dia
Minimum
30 Dia
Minimum
25 Dia
Minimum
2 Dia
Minimum
5 Dia
Minimum
Flow
2 Dia
Minimum
5 Dia
Minimum
Flow
2 Dia
Minimum
FIGURE 5
Page 6
BACK PRESSURE
Back pressure (the pressure immediately downstream of the meter) must be maintained above a minimum level in order to avoid cavitation. For most applications, this may be ignored if the ow rate is less
than 75% of maximum.
Back Pressure = 2.75 ∆P + 1.25 PV - 14.7
Where:
∆P = Pressure drop in psi at max ow
PV = Vapor pressure in psia of the liquid at operating temp.
(eg. the PV of water at 100 °F is 0.42.)
BP = Back pressure (downstream of meter) in psig.
For example the back pressure required for water, at 100 °F (37 °C) in a ½” meter, where the maximum
pressure drop is 8 psi, 7.8 psig back pressure is su cient. For other liquids, use the following formula to
calculate the minimum back pressure.
BP = (2.75 × 8) + (1.25 × 0.42) - 14.7
BP = 22 + 0.525 - 14.7
BP = 7.825
TEMPERATURE
To protect the internal crystals in each unit, temperature limitations must be adhered to. All permissible
operating temperatures are identi ed by meter and material type. Additionally uid temperature will affect maximum working pressures. For de-rating information see the maximum uid operating pressures
for the speci c ow meter model.
OUTPUTS
The FV-200 series meters can be obtained with either an analog output or a rate frequency output. The
standard analog output is a 4-20 mA current an optional 0-5 VDC is also available. The analog output can
also be re-con gured in the eld using a PC communications cable and programming software which
are both available from Omega.
The analog current output varies between 4 mA (0 ow) and 20 mA
(maximum ow). The 0 to 5 VDC analog output is also continuously
variable between 0 V (0 ow) and 5 V (maximum ow).
NOTE: One of the two analog output options (4-20 mA or 0-5 VDC) are hard-
ware selected at the factory and can not be changed in the eld.
The rate frequency output produces pulses whose frequency is
proportional to the ow going through the meter. Each meter has a
slightly di erent output frequency which is listed on the calibration
sheet that accompanies the meter. Table 2 shows the long term aver-
age full scale output frequency for standard size meters.
Meter Size
in (mm)
¼ (6.4) 1055 0.47
½ (12.7) 820 0.61
½ (12.7) 570 0.88
¾ (19.1) 284 1.76
1 (25.4) 292 1.71
1½ (38.1) 144 3.47
2 (50.8) 148 3.38
3 (76.2) 61 8.20
Average Full Scale
Frequency (Hz)
TABLE 2
Pulse Width
(msec)
Page 7
The frequency output option generates a square wave with an amplitude that matches the input power
level. The pulse width varies with frequency and is found by using the following formula. The result is in
seconds.
PW =
2 x Maximum Frequency (Hz)
1
KFACTORS
The K-factor (with regards to ow) is the number of pulses that must be accumulated to equal a particular volume of uid. Think of each pulse as representing a small fraction of the totalizing unit.
Calibration reports that accompany FV-200 series meters include a nominal K-factor in both gallons and
liters. See the sample calibration sheet in the appendix of this manual.
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
POWER
The meter requires an 8 to 28 VDC power supply. The speci c connections depend upon which output is
option is used. See wiring details for the speci c output option .
NOTE: This instrument requires clean electrical line power. Do not operate this unit on circuits with noisy components (i.e.
Fluorescent lights, relays, compressors, variable frequency drives, etc.) Linear power supplies are also much preferable
to switching power supplies.
NOTE: The power and output connections share a common ground.
WIRING
4-20 mA LOOP
Connect a twisted pair wire (not provided) to the terminals of the transmitter marked +8-28 VDC and
Output. If the twisted pair wire is shielded, do not connect the shield to the transmitter. The shield should
be grounded at the receiver only (see gure 6). The transmitter is reverse-polarity protected.
Page 8
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