The PCA9554 and PCA9554A are 16-pin CMOS devices that provide 8 bits of General
Purpose parallel Input/Output (GPIO) expansion for I2C-bus/SMBus applications and
were developed to enhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders.
The improvements include higher drive capability, 5 V I/O tolerance, lower supply current,
individual I/O configuration, 400 kHz clock frequency, and smaller packaging. I/O
expanders provide a simple solution when additional I/O is needed for ACPI power
switches, sensors, push buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.
The PCA9554/PCA9554A consist of an 8-bit Configuration register (Input or Output
selection); 8-bit Input Port register, 8-bit Output Port register and an 8-bit Polarity
Inversion register (active HIGH or active LOW operation). The system master can enable
the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configuration bits. The data for
each input or output is kept in the corresponding Input Port or Output Port register. The
polarity of the read register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversion register. All
registers can be read by the system master. Although pin-to-pin and I2C-bus address
compatible with the PCF8574 series, software changes are required due to the
enhancements and are discussed in
Application Note AN469
.
2.Features
The PCA9554/PCA9554A open-drain interrupt output is activated when any input state
differs from its corresponding Input Port register state and is used to indicate to the
system master that an input state has changed. The power-on reset sets the registers to
their default values and initializes the device state machine.
Three hardware pins (A0, A1, A2) vary the fixed I2C-bus address and allow up to eight
devices to share the same I2C-bus/SMBus. The PCA9554A is identical to the PCA9554
except that the fixed I2C-bus address is different allowing up to sixteen of these devices
(eight of each) on the same I2C-bus/SMBus.
n Operating power supply voltage range of 2.3 V to 5.5 V
n 5 V tolerant I/Os
n Polarity Inversion register
n Active LOW interrupt output
n Low standby current
n Noise filter on SCL/SDA inputs
n No glitch on power-up
n Internal power-on reset
n 8 I/O pins which default to 8 inputs
n 0 Hz to 400 kHz clock frequency
NXP Semiconductors
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
n ESD protection exceeds 2000 V HBM per JESD22-A114, 200 V MM per
JESD22-A115 and 1000 V CDM per JESD22-C101
n Latch-up testing is done to JEDEC Standard JESD78 which exceeds 100 mA
n Packages offered: DIP16, SO16, SSOP16, SSOP20, TSSOP16,
HVQFN16 (2 versions: 4 × 4 × 0.85 mm and 3 × 3 × 0.85 mm), and bare die
IO49716input/output 4
IO510817input/output 5
IO611919input/output 6
IO7121020input/output 7
INT13111interrupt output (open-drain)
SCL14122serial clock line
SDA15134serial data line
V
DD
n.c.--3, 8, 13, 18not connected
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
DIP16, SO16,
SSOP16, TSSOP16
86
16145supply voltage
HVQFN16 SSOP20
[1]
15supply ground
[1] HVQFN package die supply groundis connected to both VSSpin and exposed center pad. VSSpin must be
connected to supply ground for proper device operation. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board level
performance, the exposed pad needs to be soldered to the board using a corresponding thermal pad on the
board and forproper heat conduction through the board, thermal vias need to be incorporated in the PCB in
the thermal pad region.
6.Functional description
Refer to Figure 1 “Block diagram of PCA9554/PCA9554A”.
6.1 Registers
6.1.1 Command byte
Table 3.Command byte
CommandProtocolFunction
0read byteInput Port register
1read/write byteOutput Port register
2read/write bytePolarity Inversion register
3read/write byteConfiguration register
The command byte is the first byte to follow the address byte during a write transmission.
It is used as a pointer to determine which of the following registers will be written or read.
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 20066 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
6.1.2 Register 0 - Input Port register
This register is a read-only port. It reflects the incoming logic levels of the pins, regardless
of whether the pin is defined as an input or an output by Register 3. Writes to this register
have no effect.
The default ‘X’ is determined by the externally applied logic level, normally ‘1’ when no
external signal externally applied because of the internal pull-up resistors.
Table 4.Register 0 - Input Port register bit description
This register reflects the outgoing logic levels of the pins defined as outputs by Register 3.
Bit values in this register have no effect on pins defined as inputs. Reads from this register
return the value that is in the flip-flop controlling the output selection, not the actual pin
value.
Table 5.Register 1 - Output Port register bit description
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 20067 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
6.1.4 Register 2 - Polarity Inversion register
This register allows the user to invert the polarity of the Input Port register data. If a bit in
this register is set (written with ‘1’), the corresponding Input Port data is inverted. If a bit in
this register is cleared (written with a ‘0’), the Input Port data polarity is retained.
Table 6.Register 2 - Polarity Inversion register bit description
Legend: * default value.
BitSymbolAccessValueDescription
7N7R/W0*inverts polarity of Input Port register data
6N6R/W0*
5N5R/W0*
4N4R/W0*
3N3R/W0*
2N2R/W0*
1N1R/W0*
0N0R/W0*
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
0 = Input Port register data retained (default value)
1 = Input Port register data inverted
6.1.5 Register 3 - Configuration register
This register configures the directions of the I/O pins. If a bit in this register is set, the
corresponding port pin is enabled as an input with high-impedance output driver.If a bit in
this register is cleared, the corresponding port pin is enabled as an output. At reset, the
I/Os are configured as inputs with a weak pull-up to VDD.
Table 7.Register 3 - Configuration register bit description
Legend: * default value.
BitSymbolAccessValueDescription
7C7R/W1*configures the directions of the I/O pins
6C6R/W1*
5C5R/W1*
4C4R/W1*
3C3R/W1*
2C2R/W1*
1C1R/W1*
0C0R/W1*
6.2 Power-on reset
When power is applied to VDD, an internal Power-On Reset (POR) holds the
PCA9554/PCA9554A in a reset condition until VDD has reached V
reset condition is released and the PCA9554/PCA9554A registers and state machine will
initialize to their default states. Thereafter, VDD must be lowered below 0.2 V to reset the
device.
0 = corresponding port pin enabled as an output
1 = corresponding port pin configured as input
(default value)
. At that point, the
POR
For a power reset cycle, VDD must be lowered below 0.2 V and then restored to the
operating voltage.
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 20068 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
6.3 Interrupt output
The open-drain interrupt output is activated when one of the port pins change state and
the pin is configured as an input. The interrupt is deactivated when the input returns to its
previous state or the Input Port register is read.
Note that changing an I/O from and output to an input may cause a false interrupt to occur
if the state of the pin does not match the contents of the Input Port register.
6.4 I/O port
When an I/O is configured as an input, FETs Q1 and Q2 are off, creating a
high-impedance input with a weak pull-up (100 kΩ typ.) to VDD. The input voltage may be
raised above VDD to a maximum of 5.5 V.
If the I/O is configured as an output, then either Q1 or Q2 is enabled, depending on the
state of the Output Port register. Care should be exercised if an external voltage is applied
to an I/O configured as an output because of the low-impedance paths that exist between
the pin and either VDD or VSS.
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
data from
shift register
data from
shift register
write configuration
pulse
write pulse
read pulse
data from
shift register
write polarity
pulse
configuration
register
DQ
FF
CKQ
DQ
FF
CK
output port
register
input port
register
DQ
FF
CK
polarity inversion
register
DQ
FF
CK
Q1
100 kΩ
Q2
output port
register data
V
DD
IO0 to IO7
V
SS
input port
register data
to INT
polarity inversion
register data
002aac493
Remark: At power-on reset, all registers return to default values.
Data is transmitted to the PCA9554/PCA9554A registers using the Write mode as shown
in Figure 12 and Figure 13. Data is read from the PCA9554/PCA9554A registers using
the Read mode as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15. These devices do not implement an
auto-increment function, so once a command byte has been sent, the register which was
addressed will continue to be accessed by reads until a new command byte has been
sent.
SCL
slave address
SDAA
write to port
data out
from port
1 0 0 A2 A1 A0 0 AS0
START conditionR/W
acknowledge
from slave
987654321
command byte
00000010
acknowledge
from slave
A
data to port
DATA 1
programmable
acknowledge
from slave
t
v(Q)
002aac495
P
STOP
condition
data 1 valid
002aac472
Fig 12. Write to Output Port register
SCL
slave address
SDAA
data to
register
1 0 0 A2 A1 A0 0 AS0
START conditionR/W
acknowledge
from slave
987654321
command byte
0000011/00
acknowledge
from slave
A
data to register
DATA
acknowledge
from slave
P
STOP
condition
002aac473
Fig 13. Write to Configuration register or Polarity Inversion register
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200611 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
7.Application design-in information
VDD (5 V)
10 kΩ10 kΩ
10 kΩ10 kΩ
V
DD
MASTER
CONTROLLER
SCL
SDA
V
SS
SCL
SDA
INTINT
A2
A1
A0
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
2 kΩ
V
DD
PCA9554
V
SS
IO0
IO1
IO2
IO3
IO4
IO5
IO6
IO7
enable
SUBSYSTEM 1
(e.g., temp. sensor)
INT
RESET
SUBSYSTEM 2
(e.g., counter)
A
controlled switch
(e.g., CBT device)
B
ALARM
SUBSYSTEM 3
(e.g., alarm system)
Device address configured as 0100 100X for this example.
IO0, IO1, IO2 configured as outputs.
IO3, IO4, IO5 configured as inputs.
IO6 and IO7 are not used and must be configured as outputs.
Fig 16. Typical application
8.Limiting values
Table 8.Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
SymbolParameterConditionsMinMaxUnit
V
DD
I
I
V
I/O
I
O(IOn)
I
DD
I
SS
P
tot
T
stg
T
amb
V
DD
002aac496
supply voltage−0.5+6.0V
input current-±20mA
voltage on an input/output pinVSS− 0.55.5V
output current on pin IOn-±50mA
supply current-85mA
ground supply current-100mA
total power dissipation-200mW
storage temperature−65+150°C
ambient temperatureoperating−40+85°C
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200613 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
Table 9.Static characteristics
VDD= 2.3 V to 5.5 V; VSS=0V; T
…continued
=−40°C to +85°C; unless otherwise specified.
amb
SymbolParameterConditionsMinTypMaxUnit
Select inputs A0, A1, A2
V
IL
V
IH
I
LI
[1] VDD must be lowered to 0.2 V in order to reset part.
[2] Each I/O must be externally limited to a maximum of 25 mA and the device must be limited to a maximum current of 100 mA.
[3] The total current sourced by all I/Os must be limited to 85 mA.
SCL clock frequency01000400kHz
bus free time between a STOP and
4.7-1.3-µs
START condition
t
HD;STA
t
SU;STA
hold time (repeated) START condition4.0-0.6-µs
set-up time for a repeated START
4.7-0.6-µs
condition
t
SU;STO
t
HD;DAT
t
VD:ACK
t
VD;DAT
t
SU;DAT
t
LOW
t
HIGH
t
r
t
f
t
SP
set-up time for STOP condition4.0-0.6-µs
data hold time0-0-µs
data valid acknowledge time
data valid time
[1]
0.33.450.10.9µs
[2]
300-50-ns
data set-up time250-100-ns
LOW period of the SCL clock4.7-1.3-µs
HIGH period of the SCL clock4.0-0.6-µs
rise time of both SDA and SCL signals-100020 + 0.1C
fall time of both SDA and SCL signals-30020 + 0.1C
pulse width of spikes that must be
-50-50ns
suppressed by the input filter
Port timing
t
v(Q)
t
su(D)
t
h(D)
data output valid time-200-200ns
data input setup time100-100-ns
data input hold time1-1-µs
Interrupt timing
t
v(INT_N)
t
rst(INT_N)
valid time on pin INT-4-4µs
reset time on pin INT-4-4µs
Fast-mode I2C-busUnit
[3]
300ns
b
[3]
300µs
b
[1] t
[2] t
[3] Cb= total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200622 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
12. Handling information
Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling.
However, to be completely safe you must take normal precautions appropriate to handling
integrated circuits.
13. Soldering
13.1 Introduction
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all surface mount IC packages. Wave
soldering can still be used for certain surface mount ICs, but it is not suitable for fine pitch
SMDs. In these situations reflow soldering is recommended.
13.2 Through-hole mount packages
13.2.1 Soldering by dipping or by solder wave
Typical dwell time of the leads in the wave ranges from 3 seconds to 4 seconds at 250 °C
or 265 °C, depending on solder material applied, SnPb or Pb-free respectively.
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
The total contact time of successive solder waves must not exceed 5 seconds.
The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but the temperature of the plastic
body must not exceed the specified maximum storage temperature (T
printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling may be necessary immediately
after soldering to keep the temperature within the permissible limit.
13.2.2 Manual soldering
Apply the soldering iron (24 V or less) to the lead(s) of the package, either below the
seating plane or not more than 2 mm aboveit. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit is
less than 300 °C it may remain in contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is
between 300 °C and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds.
13.3 Surface mount packages
13.3.1 Reflow soldering
Key characteristics in reflow soldering are:
• Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to
higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 25) than a PbSn process, thus
reducing the process window
• Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process
window for a mix of large and small components on one board
• Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is
heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak
temperature is high enough forthe solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste
characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200623 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
Table 11. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C)
Package thickness (mm)Package reflow temperature (°C)
< 2.5235220
≥ 2.5220220
Table 12. Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C)
Package thickness (mm)Package reflow temperature (°C)
< 1.6260260260
1.6 to 2.5260250245
> 2.5250245245
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package
depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with
Table 11 and 12
Volume (mm3)
< 350≥ 350
Volume (mm3)
< 350350 to 2000> 2000
Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all
times.
Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow
soldering, see Figure 25.
maximum peak temperature
temperature
MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level
Fig 25. Temperature profiles for large and small components
= MSL limit, damage level
minimum peak temperature
= minimum soldering temperature
peak
temperature
time
001aac844
For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200624 of 30
.
AN10365
NXP Semiconductors
13.3.2 Wave soldering
Conventional single wave soldering is not recommended for surface mount devices
(SMDs) or printed-circuit boards with a high component density, as solder bridging and
non-wetting can present major problems.
To overcome these problems the double-wave soldering method was specifically
developed.
If wave soldering is used the following conditions must be observed for optimal results:
• Use a double-wave soldering method comprising a turbulent wave with high upward
• For packages with leads on two sides and a pitch (e):
• For packages with leads on four sides, the footprint must be placed at a 45° angle to
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave.
– larger than or equal to 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis is preferred to be
parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board;
– smaller than 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis must be parallel to the
transport direction of the printed-circuit board.
The footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end.
the transport direction of the printed-circuit board. The footprint must incorporate
solder thieves downstream and at the side corners.
During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of
adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured.
Typical dwell time of the leads in the wave ranges from 3 seconds to 4 seconds at 250 °C
or 265 °C, depending on solder material applied, SnPb or Pb-free respectively.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most
applications.
13.3.3 Manual soldering
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally-opposite end leads. Use a low voltage
(24 V or less) soldering iron applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be
limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C.
When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within
2 seconds to 5 seconds between 270 °C and 320 °C.
13.4 Package related soldering information
Table 13. Suitability of IC packages for wave, reflow and dipping soldering methods
[1] For more detailed information on the BGA packages refer to the
Semiconductors sales office.
[2] All surface mount (SMD) packages are moisture sensitive. Depending upon the moisture content, the maximum temperature (with
respect to time) and body size of the package, there is a risk that internal or external package cracks may occur due to vaporization of
the moisture in them (the so called popcorn effect).
[3] For SDIP packages, the longitudinal axis must be parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board.
[4] Hot bar soldering or manual soldering is suitable for PMFP packages.
[5] These transparent plastic packages are extremely sensitive to reflow soldering conditions and must on no account be processed
through more than one soldering cycle or subjected to infrared reflow soldering with peak temperature exceeding 217 °C ± 10 °C
measured in the atmosphere of the reflow oven. The package body peak temperature must be kept as low as possible.
[6] These packages are not suitable for wave soldering. On versions with the heatsink on the bottom side, the solder cannot penetrate
between the printed-circuit board and the heatsink. On versions with the heatsink on the top side, the solder might be deposited on the
heatsink surface.
[7] If wave soldering is considered, then the package must be placed at a 45° angle to the solder wave direction. The package footprint
must incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side corners.
[8] Wave soldering is suitable for LQFP, QFP and TQFP packages with a pitch (e) larger than 0.8 mm; it is definitely not suitable for
packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.65 mm.
[9] Wave soldering is suitable for SSOP, TSSOP, VSO and VSSOP packages with a pitch (e) equal to or larger than 0.65 mm; it is definitely
not suitable for packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.5mm.
[10] Image sensor packages in principle should not be soldered. They are mounted in sockets or delivered pre-mounted on flex foil.
However, the image sensor package can be mounted by the client on a flex foil by using a hot bar soldering process. The appropriate
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200626 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
14. Abbreviations
Table 14. Abbreviations
AcronymDescription
ACPIAdvanced Configuration and Power Interface
CDMCharged Device Model
CMOSComplementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
ESDElectroStatic Discharge
FETField-Effect Transistor
GPIOGeneral Purpose Input/Output
HBMHuman Body Model
2
C-busInter-Integrated Circuit bus
I
I/OInput/Output
LEDLight-Emitting Diode
MMMachine Model
PCBPrinted-Circuit Board
PORPower-On Reset
SMBusSystem Management Bus
Product data sheetRev. 07 — 13 November 200628 of 30
NXP Semiconductors
16. Legal information
16.1Data sheet status
PCA9554/PCA9554A
8-bit I2C-bus and SMBus I/O port with interrupt
Document status
Objective [short] data sheetDevelopmentThis document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet QualificationThis document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheetProductionThis document contains the product specification.
[1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices.The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL
[1][2]
Product status
16.2Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with the same product type number(s) and title.A short data sheet is intended
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the
full data sheet shall prevail.
16.3Disclaimers
General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or
warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such
information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such
information.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft,
space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of a NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to
[3]
http://www.nxp.com.
Definition
result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage.
NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP
Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore
such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent
damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of
the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the
Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting
values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Terms and conditions of sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold
subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published
at
http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, including those pertaining to warranty,
intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless
explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of
any inconsistency or conflict between information in this document and such
terms and conditions, the latter will prevail.
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted
or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the
grant, conveyanceor implication of any license under any copyrights, patents
or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
16.4Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands,product names,service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V.
17. Contact information
For additional information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.