NSC LM199AH Datasheet

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999
Precision Reference

General Description

The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized
monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor
of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed
on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit
and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces
the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5Ω and al­lows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current
range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature
coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives
low noise and excellent long term stability compared to ordi­nary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a ther­mal shield to minimize heater power and improve tempera­ture regulation.

The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use
and free of the problems that are often experienced with or­dinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference
voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of
voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the
unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast.

The LM199 can beusedinalmost any application in place of
ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal ap­plications are analog to digital converters, calibration stan­dards, precision voltage or current sources or precision
power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can re­place references in existing equipment with a minimum of
wiring changes.

The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard her­metic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is
rated for operation from −55˚C to +125˚C while the LM299 is
rated for operation from −25˚C to +85˚C and the LM399 is
rated from 0˚C to +70˚C.

The LM3999 is packaged in a standard TO-92 package and
is rated from 0˚C to +70˚C

Features

n Guaranteed 0.0001%/˚C temperature coefficient
n Low dynamic impedance — 0.5Ω
n Initial tolerance on breakdown voltage — 2

%

n Sharp breakdown at 400 µA
n Wide operating current — 500 µA to 10 mA
n Wide supply range for temperature stabilizer
n Guaranteed low noise
n Low power for stabilization — 300 mW at 25˚C
n Long term stability — 20 ppm
n Proven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46

integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis
after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at T

A

=

+25˚C (T

J

=

+86˚C)

n Certified long term stability available
n MIL-STD-883 compliant

Connection Diagrams

Metal Can Package (TO-46)

DS005717-14

Top View

LM199/LM299/LM399 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number H04D

Plastic Package TO-92

DS005717-10

Bottom View

LM3999 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number Z03A

May 1999

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference

© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005717 www.national.com

Functional Block Diagrams

LM199/LM299/LM399

DS005717-15

LM3999

DS005717-11

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not
contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reli­ability Electrical Test Specifications documents:
RETS199X for LM199, RETS199AX for LM199A.

Temperature Stabilizer Voltage

LM199/LM299/LM399 40V

LM3999 36V
Reverse Breakdown Current 20 mA
Forward Current

LM199/LM299/LM399 1 mA

LM3999 −0.1 mA

Reference to Substrate Voltage V

(RS)

(Note 2) 40V

−0.1V

Operating Temperature Range

LM199 −55˚C to +125˚C
LM299 −25˚C to +85˚C

LM399/LM3999 −0˚C to +70˚C
Storage Temperature Range −55˚C to +150˚C
Soldering Information

TO-92 package (10 sec.) +260˚C

TO-46 package (10 sec.) +300˚C

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199H/LM299H LM399H Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

R

=

1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T

A

≤+85˚C

LM199

0.00003 0.0001

%

/˚C

Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

A

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0015

%

/˚C

−25˚C≤T

A

≤85˚C LM299 0.00003 0.0001

%

/˚C

0˚C≤T

A

≤+70˚C LM399 0.00003 0.0002%/˚C
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

A

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

R

=

1mA

±

0.1

%

Temperature Stabilizer T

A

=

25˚C, Still Air, V

S

=

30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

Supply Current T

A

=

− 55˚C 22 28
Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

=

30V, T

A

=

25˚C 3 3 sec.

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

S

≤40, T

A

=

+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6 20 mV
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

R

=

1 mA 0.6 2.2 Ω

Reverse Breakdown 0˚C ≤ T

A

≤ 70˚C 0.0002 0.0005

%

/˚C
Temperature Coefficient
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C ≤ T

A

≤ 28˚C, 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

R

=

1mA

±

0.1

%

Temperature Stabilizer T

A

=

25˚C, Still Air, V

S

=

30V 12 18 mA
Temperature Stabilizer 36 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

=

30V, T

A

=

25˚C 5 sec.

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Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) (Continued)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Initial Turn-On Current 9 ≤ V

S

≤ 40, T

A

=

25˚C 140 200 mA

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199AH, LM299AH LM399AH Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤ I

R

≤ 10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

R

=

1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T

A

≤+85˚C

LM199A

0.00002 0.00005

%

/˚C

Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

A

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0010

%

/˚C

−25˚C≤T

A

≤85˚C LM299A 0.00002 0.00005

%

/˚C

0˚C≤T

A

≤+70˚C LM399A 0.00003 0.0001%/˚C
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

A

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

R

=

1mA

±

0.1

%

Temperature Stabilizer T

A

=

25˚C, Still Air, V

S

=

30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

Supply Current T

A

=

− 55˚C 22 28
Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05

%

V

S

=

30V, T

A

=

25˚C 3 3 sec.

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

S

≤40, T

A

=

+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the refer­ence is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate.

Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and −55˚C≤T

A

≤+125˚C for the LM199; −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C for the LM299 and

0˚C≤T

A

≤+70˚C for the LM399 and LM3999.

Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to de­termine values.

Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE.
Note 6: A military RETS electrical test specification is available for the LM199H/883, LM199AH/883, and LM199AH-20/883 on request.

Ordering Information

Initial 0˚C to +70˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −55˚C to +125˚C NS

Tolerance Package

2

%

LM299AH LM199AH, LM199AH/883 H04D

5

%

LM399H LM299H H04D
LM399AH

5

%

LM3999Z Z03A

Certified Long Term Drift

The National Semiconductor LM199AH-20, LM299AH-20,
and LM399AH-50 are ultra-stable Zener references specially
selected from the production runs of LM199AH, LM299AH,
LM399AH and tested to confirm a long-term stability of 20,
20, or 50 ppm per 1000 hours, respectively. The devices are
measured every 168 hours and the voltage of each device is
logged and compared in such a way as to show the deviation
from its initial value. Each measurement is taken with a
probable-worst-case deviation of

±

2 ppm, compared to the
Reference Voltage, which is derived from several groups of
NBS-traceable references such as LM199AH-20’s, 1N827’s,

and saturated standard cells, so that the deviation of any one
group will not cause false indications. Indeed, this compari­son process has recently been automated using a specially
prepared computer program which is custom-designed to re­ject noisy data (and require a repeat reading) and to record
the average of the best 5 of 7 readings, just as a sagacious
standards engineer will reject unbelievable readings.

The typical characteristic for the LM199AH-20 is shown be­low. This computerized print-out form of each reference’s
stability is shipped with the unit.

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