Nortel Networks NN47200-503 User Manual

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 (217465-C)

Document status: Standard Document version: 03.01 Document date: 27 August 2007

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, conﬁgurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document a re believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products speciﬁed in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks .

The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that license. The software license agreement is included in this document.

Restricted rights legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Statement of conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, Nortel Networks reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Nortel Networks does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Nortel Networks software license agreement

This Software License Agreement ("License Agreement") is between you, the end user ("Customer") and Nortel Networks Corporation and its subsidiaries and afﬁliates ("Nortel Networks"). PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CAREFULLY. YOU MUST ACCEPT THESE LICENSE TERMS IN ORDER TO DOWNLOAD AND/OR USE THE SOFTWARE. USE OF THE SOFTWARE CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the Software, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

"Software" is owned or licensed by Nortel Networks, its parent or one of its subsidiaries or afﬁliates, and is copyrighted and licensed, not sold. Software consists of machine-readable instructions, its components, data, audio-visual content (such as images, text, recordings or pictures) and related licensed materials including all whole or partial copies. Nortel Networks grants you a license to use the Software only in the country where you acquired the Software. You obtain no rights other than those granted to you under this License Agreement. You are responsible for the selection of the Software and for the installation of, use of, and results obtained from the Software.

1. Licensed Use of Software. Nortel Networks grants Customer a nonexclusive license to use a copy of the Software on only one machine at any one time or to the extent of the activation or authorized usage level, whichever is applicable. To the extent Software is furnished for use with designated hardware or Customer furnished equipment ("CFE"), Customer is granted a nonexclusive license to use Software only on such hardware or CFE, as applicable. Software contains trade secrets and Customer agrees to treat Software as conﬁdential information using the same care and discretion Customer uses with its own similar information that it does not wish to disclose, publish or disseminate. Customer will ensure that anyone who uses the Software does so only in compliance with the terms of this Agreement. Customer shall not a) use, copy, modify, transfer or distribute the Software except as expressly authorized; b) reverse assemble, reverse compile, reverse engineer or otherwise translate the Software; c) create derivative works or modiﬁcations unless expressly authorized; or d) sublicense, rent or lease the Software. Licensors of intellectual property to Nortel Networks are beneﬁciaries of this provision. Upon termination or breach of the license by Customer or in the event designated hardware or CFE is no longer in use, Customer will promptly return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction. Nortel Networks may audit by remote polling or other

reasonable means to determine Customer’s Software activation or usage levels. If suppliers of third party software included in Software require Nortel Networks to include additional or different terms, Customer agrees to abide by such terms provided by Nortel Networks with respect to such third party software.

2. Warranty. Except as may be otherwise expressly agreed to in writing between Nortel Networks and Customer, Software is provided "AS IS" without any warranties (conditions) of any kind. NORTEL NETWORKS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES (CONDITIONS) FOR THE SOFTWARE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT.Nortel Networks is not obligated to provide support of any kind for the Software. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusion of implied warranties, and, in such event, the above exclusions may not apply.

3. Limitation of Remedies. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: a) DAMAGES BASED ON ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIM; b) LOSS OF, OR DAMAGE TO, CUSTOMER’S RECORDS, FILES OR DATA; OR c) DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS), WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS, ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THEIR POSSIBILITY. The forgoing limitations of remedies also apply to any developer and/or supplier of the Software. Such developer and/or supplier is an intended beneﬁciary of this Section. Some jurisdictions do not allow these limitations or exclusions and, in such event, they may not apply.

4. General

a) If Customer is the United States Government, the following paragraph shall apply: All Nortel Networks Software

available under this License Agreement is commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation and, in the event Software is licensed for or on behalf of the United States Government, the respective rights to the software and software documentation are governed by Nortel Networks standard commercial license in accordance with U.S. Federal Regulations at 48 C.F.R. Sections 12.212 (for non-DoD entities) and 48 C.F.R.

227.7202 (for DoD entities).

b) Customer may terminate the license at any time. Nortel Networks may terminate the license if Customer fails to comply with the terms and conditions of this license. In either event, upon termination, Customer must either return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction.

c) Customer is responsible for payment of any taxes, including personal property taxes, resulting from Customer’s use of the Software. Customer agrees to comply with all applicable laws including all applicable export and import laws and regulations.

d) Neither party may bring an action, regardless of form, more than two years after the cause of the action arose.

e) The terms and conditions of this License Agreement form the complete and exclusive agreement between

Customer and Nortel Networks.

f) This License Agreement is governed by the laws of the country in which Customer acquires the Software. If the Software is acquired in the United States, then this License Agreement is governed by the laws of the state of New York.

Revision History

Date Revised Version Reason for revision

July 2005

1.00

New document for Software Release 4.2.

July 2006 August 2007 3

2.00 .01 u

Document updated for Software Release 5.0.

pdated for Software Release 5.1

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

6 Revision History

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Preface 9

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series 9 Related publications 10 Finding the latest updates on the Nortel web site 11 How to get help 12

An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols 13

IP routing 13

IP addressing 13 IP routing using VLANs 16 Brouter port 19 Management VLAN 20 Setting IP routing 20 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) 21 Static routes 22 Non-local static routes 23 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) 23 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol 27 Route policies 35 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) 37 Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP) 38 UDP broadcast forwarding 38 Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) / Bootstrap Protocol (BootP) 39 Avoiding duplicate IP addresses 44 IP blocking 45

IGMP snooping 46

IGMP snooping conﬁguration rules 49

IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management 51

IP routing initial conﬁguration 51

Global IP routing conﬁguration 51 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) initial conﬁguration 52

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 55

IP conﬁguration commands 55 Layer 3 routable VLANs 56

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

8 Contents

Static route commands 59 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) commands 64 Proxy ARP commands 66 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) commands 67 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) commands 82 Route policy commands 101 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) commands 104 Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP) commands 110 Brouter port commands 112 UDP broadcast forwarding commands 113 DHCP relay commands 115

IP routing conﬁguration examples 120

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) conﬁguration 120 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) conﬁguration 122 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) conﬁguration 134 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) conﬁguration 190 Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) 204

IP routing conﬁguration using the Java Device Manager 206

Layer 3 routable VLANs 206 IP routing 209 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) conﬁguration 222 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) conﬁguration 228 Route policies 264 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) 277 Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP) 284 Brouter port 285 UDP broadcast forwarding 288 UDP broadcast interface deletion 295 DHCP conﬁguration 295

Conﬁguring IGMP snooping using the Java Device Manager 305 Conﬁguring IGMP using Web-based management 309

Conﬁguring IGMP using the Web-based Management Interface 309 Displayingmulticastmembershipusing the Web-based Management Interface 312

Index 314

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Preface

This document provides information and instructions on the conﬁguration of IP Routing on the 5500 Series Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch. Consult any documentation included with the switch and the product release notes (see "Related publications" (page 10)) for any errata before beginning the conﬁguration process.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

"5500 Series Switch Platforms" (page 9)outlines the switches that are part

of the 5500 Series of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switches

5500 Series Switch Platforms

5500 Series Switch Model

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-24T

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-48T

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-24T-PWR

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-48T-PWR

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5530-24TFD

Key Features

A 24 port, 10/100/1GBase-T, Layer 4, diffserv-capable, stackable Ethernet switch. This switch contains two shared SFP ports.

A 48 port, 10/100/1GBase-T, Layer 4, diffserv-capable, stackable Ethernet switch. This switch contains two shared SFP ports.

A 24 port, 10/100/1GBase-T, Layer 4, diffserv-capable, stackable Ethernet switch with full Power over Ethernet (PoE) capability on all copper ports. This switch contains four shared SFP ports.

A 48 port, 10/100/1GBase-T, Layer 4, diffserv-capable, stackable Ethernet switch with full Power over Ethernet (PoE) capability on all copper ports. This switch contains four shared SFP ports.

A 24 port, 10/100/1GBase-T, Layer 4, diffserv-capable, stackable Ethernet switch. This switch contains twelve shared SFP ports and two XFP ports.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

10 Preface

Related publications

For more information about the management, conﬁguration, and use of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series, refer to the publications listed in"Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Documentation" (page 10).

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Documentation

Title Description Part Number

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release 5.1 Installation

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Release 5.1 Series Conﬁguration-System

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Release 5.1 Series Conﬁguration Security

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release 5.1 Conﬁguration-VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Link Aggregation

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Release 5.1 Conﬁguration - IP Routing Protocols

Instructions for the installation of a switch in the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. It also provides an overview of hardware key to the installation, conﬁguration, and maintenance of the switch.

Instructions for the general conﬁguration of switches in the 5500 Series that are not covered by the other documentation.

Instructions for the conﬁguration and management of security for switches in the 5500 Series.

Instructions for the conﬁguration of spanning and trunking protocols on 5500 Series switches

Instructions for the conﬁguration of IP routing protocols on 5500 Series switches.

NN47200-300

NN47200-500

NN47200-501

NN47200-502

NN47200-503

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release 5.1 Conﬁguration - Quality of Service

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Release 5.1 Conﬁguration- System Monitoring

Instructions for the conﬁguration and implementation of QoS and ﬁltering on 5500 Series switches.

Instructions for the conﬁguration, implementation, and use of system monitoring on 5500 Series switches.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

NN47200-504

NN47200-505

Finding the latest updates on the Nortel web site 11

Title Description Part Number

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release Notes

- Release 5.1

Installing the Nortel Ethernet Redundant Power Supply 15

DC-DC Converter Module for the Baystack 5000 Series Switch

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release 5.1 Installation - SFP

Provides an overview of new features, ﬁxes, and limitations of the 5500 Series switches. Also included are any supplementary documentation and document errata.

Instructions for the installation and use of the Nortel Ethernet RPS 15.

Instructions for the installation and use of the DC-DC power converter.

Instructions for the installation and use of SFP transceivers.

NN47200-400

217070-A

215081-A

NN47200-302

You can access technical documentation online at the Nortel Technical Support web site, located at http://www.nortel.com/support. Use the followingprocedure to access documents on the Technical Support web site:

•

If it is not already selected, click the Browse product support tab.

•

From the list provided in the product family box, select Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch.

• From the product list, select the desired 5500 Series Switch.

•

From the content list, select Documentation.

•

Click Go.

You can view documents online, download them for future reference, or printed them. All documents available on the Technical Support web site are in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) format.

Finding the latest updates on the Nortel web site

The content of this documentation was current at the time of release. To check for updates to the documentation and software for the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series, use the links provided in the following table.

Software Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Software Documentation "Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Documentation" (page 10)

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

12 Preface

How to get help

If a service contract for the Nortel product has been purchased from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

If a Nortel service program was purchased, contact Nortel Technical Support.

The following information is available online:

•

An ERC is available for many Nortel products and services. When an ERC is used, the call is routed to technical support personnel who specialize in supporting the service or product. The ERC for a particular product or service is available online.

The main Nortel support portal is availableat http://www.nortel.com/support.

contact information for Nortel Technical Support information about the Nortel Technical Solutions Centers information about the Express Routing Code (ERC) for your product

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

This chapter provides an introduction to IP routing and IP routing protocols used in the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. Subsequent chapters will provide a more detailed description of switch capabilities and conﬁguration procedures.

IP routing

To conﬁgure IP routing on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series, use virtual local area networks (VLAN) to create virtual router interfaces by assigning an IP address to the VLAN. This section discusses this concept in depth.

For a more detailed description about VLANs and their use, consult Nortel

Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Release 5.1 Conﬁguration - VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Link Aggregation.

IP addressing

An IP version 4 (IPv4) address consists of 32 bits expressed in a dotted-decimal format (XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX). The IPv4 address space is divided into classes, with classes A, B, and C reserved for unicast addresses and accounting for 87.5 percent of the 32-bit IP address space. Class D is reserved for multicast addressing. " IP address classiﬁcations" (page

13)lists the breakdown of the IP address space by address range and mask.

IP address classiﬁcations

Class

Note: Although technically part of Class A addressing, network 127 is reserved for loopback.

Address Range Mask

1.0.0.0 - 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127 16,777,214

128.0.0.0 -

191.255.0.0

192.0.0.0 -

223.255.255.0

255.255.0.0 16,384 65,534

255.255.255.0 2,097,152 255

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Number of Networks

Nodes per Network

14 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Class

Note: Class D addresses are primarily reserved for multicast operations although the addresses 224.0.0.5 and 224.0.0.6 are used by OSPF and 224.0.0.9 is used by RIP.

Note: Class E addresses are reserved for research purposes.

Address Range Mask

224.0.0.0 -

239.255.255.254

240.0.0.0 -

240.255.255.255

Number of Networks

Nodes per Network

To express an IP address in dotted-decimal notation, each octet of the IP address is converted to a decimal number and separated by decimal points. For example, the 32-bit IP address 10000000 00100000 00001010 10100111 is expressed in dotted-decimal notation as 128.32.10.167.

Each IP address class, when expressed in binary notation, has a different boundary point between the network and host portions of the address, as illustrated in "Network and host boundaries in IP address classes" (page

14). The network portion is a network number ﬁeld from 8 through 24 bits.

The remaining 8 through 24 bits identify a speciﬁc host on the network.

Network and host boundaries in IP address classes

Subnet addressing

Subnetworks (or subnets) are an extension of the IP addressing scheme. Subnets allow an organization to use one IP address range for multiple networks. Subnets are two or more physical networks that share a common network-identiﬁcation ﬁeld (the network portion of the 32-bit IP address).

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 15

A subnet address is created by increasing the network portion to include a subnet address, thus decreasing the host portion of the IP address. For example, in the address 128.32.10.0, the network portion is 128.32, while the subnet is found in the ﬁrst octet of the host portion (10). A subnet mask is applied to the IP address and identiﬁes the network and host portions of the address.

" Subnet masks for Class B and Class C IP addresses" (page 15)illustrates

how subnet masks used with Class B and Class C addresses can create differing numbers of subnets and hosts. This example shows the use of the zero subnet, which is permitted on a Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510.

Subnet masks for Class B and Class C IP addresses

Number of bits

Subnet Mask

Number of Subnets (Recommended)

Number of Hosts per Subnet

Class B 2 255.255.192.0 2 16 382 3 255.255.224.0 6 8 190 4 255.255.240.0 14 4 094 5

255.255.248.0 30 2 046 6 255.255.252.0 62 1 022 7

255.255.254.0 126 510 8 255.255.255.0 254 254 9 255.255.255.128 510 126

10 255.255.255.192 1 022 62 11 255.255.255.224 2 046 30 12 255.255.255.240 4 094 14 13 255.255.255.248 8 190 6 14 255.255.255.252 16 382 2

Class C 1 255.255.255.128 0 126 2 255.255.255.192 2 62 3 255.255.255.224 6 30 4 255.255.255.240 14 14 5 6 255.255.255.252 62 2

255.255.255.248 30 6

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

16 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Variable-length subnet masking (VLSM) is the ability to divide an intranet into pieces that match network requirements. Routing is based on the longest subnet mask or network that matches.

IP routing using VLANs

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports wire-speed IP routing between virtual LANs (VLAN). This type of routing is also referred to as virtual routing. When a virtual router interface is created for a speciﬁed VLAN, a speciﬁc IP address is associated with the speciﬁc VLAN. In this release, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports static routing, in which the identiﬁers of the devices being routed between are entered manually.

This virtual router interface does not have an association with any speciﬁed port or set of ports (it is called a virtual router interface because it is not associated with any particular port). The VLAN IP address can be reached through any of the ports in the VLAN speciﬁed as a virtual router interface, and the assigned IP address is the gateway through which packets are routed out of that VLAN. Routed trafﬁc can be forwarded to another VLAN within the switch or stack of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

Once routing is enabled on two VLANs by assigning IP addresses, routing can be performed between those two VLANs (refer to "IP routing with

VLANs" (page 16)).

IP routing with VLANs

IP routing is enabled or disabled globally on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. By default, IP routing is disabled.

Note: All IP routing parameters can be conﬁgured on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series before routing is actually enabled on the switch.

There is no longer a one-to-one correspondence between the physical port and the router interface, because a given port can belong to multiple VLANs. The VLANs may be conﬁgured for routing on the switch.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 17

As with any IP address, virtual router interface addresses are also used for device management. For management over IP, any virtual router interface IP address can be used to access the switch as long as routing is enabled. When the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switch or stack is used without routing enabled, the Management VLAN is reachable only through the switch or stack IP address. With IP routing enabled on the switch or stack, any of the virtual router IP interfaces can be used for management over IP.

Once routing is enabled on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switches, the Management VLAN behaves like all other routable VLANs. The IP address is reachable through any virtual router interface, as long as a route is available. Actually, all virtual router interfaces can be used as the Management VLAN over IP.

Multinetting

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports the deﬁnition and conﬁguration of up to eight secondary interfaces on each VLAN (multinetting). With IP multinetting, you can associate multiple IP subnets with one VLAN. That is, connected hosts can belong to different IP subnets on the same VLAN.

Multinetting can be conﬁgured using the CLI or the Device Manager. The following diagram illustrates a network with conﬁgured IP multinetting.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

18 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Network with Multinetting

You can conﬁgure a static route with the next hop on the secondary interface. You can also add static ARP for a given IP address in the same subnet of a secondary interface.

Here are some limitations when you are working with secondary interfaces:

•

you can have a maximum of eight secondary interfaces on each VLAN

•

you can have a total maximum of 256 IP interfaces (including primary and secondary)

•

all of the secondary interfaces on a VLAN are enabled or disabled together. There is no provision for conﬁguring the administrative state of the secondary IP interfaces individually.

•

dynamic routing is not available for secondary IP interfaces

• secondary interfaces are not supported on brouters

•

a primary IP interface must be in place before secondary IP interfaces can be added; secondary interfaces must be deleted before you can delete the primary

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 19

If secondary interfaces are conﬁgured on the management VLAN, routing cannot be disabled globally or on the management VLAN. Secondary IP interfaces on the management VLAN are purged from NVRAM when

•

a unit leaves the stack and the switch does not have a manually conﬁgured IP

•

the switch fails to get the IP address through the BootP mode

The following are not supported on secondary interfaces:

•

DHCRP

•

Proxy ARP

•

UDP broadcast

•

IPFIX

•

VRRP, OSPF, RIP

For information about conﬁguring secondary interfaces on VLANs, see "IP

routing using VLANs" (page 16).

Brouter port

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports the concept of brouter ports. A brouter port is a single-port VLAN that can route IP packets as well as bridge all non-routable trafﬁc. The difference between a brouter port and a standard IP protocol-based VLAN conﬁgured to do routing is that the routing interface of the brouter port is not subject to the spanning tree state of the port. A brouter port can be in the blocking state for non-routable trafﬁc and still be able to route IP trafﬁc. This feature removes any interruptions caused by Spanning Tree Protocol recalculations in routed trafﬁc. A brouter port is actually a one-port VLAN; therefore, each brouter port decreases the number of available VLANs by one and uses one VLAN ID.

When a brouter port is created, the following actions are also taking place on the switch:

•

A port-based VLAN is created.

•

The brouter port is added to the new port-based VLAN.

•

The PVID of the brouter port is changed to the VLAN ID of the new VLAN.

•

The STP participation of the brouter port is disabled.

•

An IP address is assigned to the brouter VLAN.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

20 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Management VLAN

Prior to Software Release 4.0, the Management VLAN was the only VLAN that was used to carry the management trafﬁc, including Telnet, Web, SNMP, BootP and TFTP for the switch. The Management VLAN always exists on the switch and cannot be removed. All IP settings, including switch IP address, stack IP address, subnet mask and default gateway, apply only to the Management VLAN.

In this release of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series, a regular Layer 2 (L2) VLAN behaves like a routable L3 VLAN if a pair of IP addresses and a MAC address are attached to the VLAN. When routing is enabled in L3 mode, every L3 VLAN is capable of doing routing as well as carrying the management trafﬁc. Any L3 VLAN can be used instead of the Management VLAN to manage the switch.

Layer 2 versus Layer 3 mode

When the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series is conﬁgured to route IP trafﬁc between different VLANs, the switch is considered to be running in L3 mode; otherwise, the switch runs in L2 mode.

The L3 manager determines in which mode a switch or a stack should be run. The mode is determined based on the user settings and events. But the general rule is to select:

•

L3 mode: if routing is turned on globally for the switch or stack.

•

L2 mode: if routing is turned off globally for the switch or stack.

Routing and management

In L3 mode, the Management VLAN, as well as all other L3 VLANs, has the capability to route and carry the management trafﬁc. In this release of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series, the settings apply to all L3 VLANs or only to the Management VLAN. "VLAN settings" (page 20)shows all possible settings and default settings for each type of VLAN.

VLAN settings

VLAN/Feature

Management VLAN (L2 mode)

Management VLAN (L3 mode)

L3 VLAN On/off (on) On/off (on) Yes (global)

Setting IP routing

To set IP routing (or L3 VLANs), take the following steps:

Routing (default)

Off On Yes (Management

On/off (on) On No

Management (Routing)

Default Route

VLAN only)

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Step Action

IP routing 21

1 2 3

Enable IP routing globally. Assign an IP address to the speciﬁc VLAN or brouter port. Enable IP routing on the interface.

Refer to subsequent chapters in this document for detailed instructions on conﬁguring IP routes.

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

Network stations using the IP protocol need both a physical address and an IP address to transmit a packet. If a network station knows only a network host’s IP address, the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) enables the network station to determine a network host’s physical address and bind the 32-bit IP address to a 48-bit MAC address. A network station can use ARP across a single network only, and the network hardware must support physical broadcasts.

If a network station wants to send a packet to a host but knows only the host’s IP address, the network station uses ARP to determine the host’s physical address as follows:

—End—

1. The network station broadcasts a special packet, called an ARP request, that asks thehost at the speciﬁed IP address to respond with its physical address.

2. All network hosts receive the broadcast message.

3. Only the speciﬁed host responds with its hardware address.

4. The network station then maps the host’s IP address to its physical address and saves the results in an address resolution table for future use.

5. The network station’s ARP table displays the association of the known MAC addresses to IP addresses.

Note: The default timeout value for ARP entries is 6 hours.

Static ARP entries can be created and individual ARP entries deleted.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

22 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Proxy Address Resolution Protocol (Proxy ARP)

Proxy ARP allows a network station to respond to an ARP request from a locally attached host or end station for a remote destination. It does so by sending an ARP response back to the local host with its own MAC address of the network station interface for the subnet on which the ARP request was received. The reply is generated only if the switch has an active route to the destination network.

The ﬁgure below is an example of proxy ARP operation. In this example, host C with a 24-bit mask appears to be locally attached to host B with a 16-bit mask, so host B sends an ARP request for host C. However, the 5500 Series switch is between the two hosts. To enable communication between the two hosts, the 5500 Series switch would respond to the ARP request with host C’s IP address but with its own MAC address.

Proxy ARP Operation

Static routes

Once routable VLANs are created though IP address assignment, static routes can be created. Static routes allow for the manual creation of speciﬁc routes to a destination IP address. Static routes can also be used to specify a route to all networks for which there are no explicit routes in the Forwarding Information Base or the routing table. This static default route is a route to the network address 0.0.0.0 as deﬁned by the IEEE RFC 1812 standard.

Because of their static nature, this type of solution is not scalable. Thus, in a large or growing network this type of route management may not be desirable. Also, static routes do not have the capacity to determine the failure of paths. Thus, a router can still attempt to use a path after it has failed.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Non-local static routes

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports the usage of non-local static routes. A non-local static route is almost identical to a static route with the exception that the next hop of the route is not directly connected to the network entity. Non-local static routes are useful in situations where there are multiple paths to a network and the number of static routes could be reduced by using only one route with a remote gateway.

Because of their static nature, this type of solution is not scalable. Thus, in a large or growing network this type of route management may not be desirable. Also, non-local static routes do not have the capacity to determine the failure of paths. Thus, a router can still attempt to use a path after it has failed.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a standard, dynamic routing protocol based on the Bellman-Ford (or distance vector) algorithm. It is used as an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). RIP allows routers to exchange information to compute routes through an IPv4-based network. The hop count, or distance, is used as a metric to determine the best path to a remote network or host. The hop count cannot exceed 15 hops (assuming a cost of one hop for each network).

IP routing 23

RIP is deﬁned in RFC 1058 for RIP version 1 and RFC 2453 for RIP version

2. The most signiﬁcant difference between the two versions is that RIP

version 2 supports subnet masks and next hop information in the RIP packet.

RIP operation

RIP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) data packets to exchange routing information. Each router maintains a routing table, which lists the optimal route to every destination in the system. Each router advertises its routing information by sending a routing information update at regular intervals. Neighboring routers use this information to recalculate their routing tables and retransmit the routing information. For RIP version 1, no mask information is exchanged; the natural mask is always applied by the router receiving the update. For RIP version 2, mask information is always included.

The sequence of processes governed by the routing algorithm is as follows:

1. When a router starts, it initializes the RIP data structures and then waits for indications from lower-level protocols that its interfaces are functional.

2. RIP advertisements are send on all the interfaces that are conﬁgured to send routing information.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

24 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

3. The neighbors will send their routing tables and the new router will update its routing table based on the advertisements received.

4. From now on periodic updates are send by each router in the network to ensure a correct routing database.

If a router does not receive an update from another router within a timeout period, it deletes the routes served by the nonupdating router from its routing table. However, it keeps these routes temporarily in a garbage list and continues to advertise them with a metric of 16 for a holddown period, so that neighbors know that the routes are unreachable. If a valid update for a garbage route is received within the holddown period, the router adds the route back into its routing table. If no update is received, the router completely deletes all garbage list entries for the nonupdating router.

To prevent routing loops and to promote fast convergence, RIP uses the mechanisms of split horizon, with or without poisoned reverse, and triggered updates. Simple split horizon means that IP routes learned from a neighbor are not advertised back in updates to that neighbor. Split horizon with poisoned reverse means that these routes are advertised back to the neighbor, but they are “poisoned” with a metric of 16, which represents inﬁnite hops in the network. The receiver neighbor therefore ignores this route. Triggered updates means that a router is required to send update messages whenever it changes the metric for a route, even if it is not yet time for a regular update message.

RIP sends routing information updates every 30 seconds. These updates contain information about known networks and the distances (hop count) associated with each. For RIP version 1, no mask information is exchanged; the natural mask is always applied by the router receiving the update. Mask information is always included for RIP version 2.

If information about a network is not received for within the allotted timeout period (180 seconds by default), it is removed from the routing table and the route is moved to the garbage list . From the garbage list it will be advertised for the allotted holdown period (120 seconds by default) with metric set to inﬁnity (16). These timers can be changed by conﬁguring the RIP Interface Timeout Timer and Holddown Timer parameters.

RIP supports the following standard behavior:

•

periodic RIP updates about effective best routes

•

garbage collection

•

split horizon with or without poisoned reverse

•

triggered update for changed RIP routes

•

unicast to the speciﬁc query requestor

•

broadcast/multicast of regular and triggered updates

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 25

•

subnet mask (RIP version 2)

•

routing table update based on the received RIP message

•

global update timer

•

holddown timer and timeout timer per device and per interface

•

cost per device and per interface

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series implementation of RIP also supports the following features:

•

in and out routing policies

•

auto-aggregation (also known as auto-summarization) of groups of adjacent routes into single entries

Many RIP features are conﬁgurable. The actual behavior of the protocol depends on the feature conﬁgurations.

RIP metrics

RIP is known as a distance vector protocol. The vector is the network number and next hop, and the distance is the cost associated with the network number. RIP identiﬁes network reachability based on cost, and cost is deﬁned as hop count. The distance from one router to the next is considered to be one hop. This cost or hop count is known as the metric The illustration below depicts the hop counts between various units in a network.

RIP hop counts

A directly connected network has a metric of zero. An unreachable network has a metric of 16. Therefore, 15 hops or 15 routers is the highest possible metric between any two networks.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

26 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

RIP Send and Receive Modes

RIP can be conﬁgured to use a number of different send and receive modes depending on the speciﬁcs of the network conﬁguration. The following table lists the send and receive modes supported.

RIP send and receive modes

Send Mode

Description Result

rip1comp This mode is used to

broadcast RIP version 2 updates using RFC 1058 route consumption rules. This is the default send mode for the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

rip1 This mode is used to

broadcast RIP updates that are compliant with RFC 1058.

•

Destination MAC is a broadcast, ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff

•

Destination IP is a broadcast for the network (for example,

192.1.2.255)

•

RIP Update is formed as a RIP version 2 update, including network mask

•

RIP version = 2

• Destination MAC is a broadcast, ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff

• Destination IP is a broadcast for the network (for example,

192.1.2.255)

•

RIP Update is formed as a RIP version 1 update, no network mask included

• RIP version = 1

rip2 This mode is used to

nosend No RIP updates are sent

Receive Mode

•

Destination MAC is a multicast,

broadcast multicast RIP version 2 updates.

01-00-5e-00-00-09

•

Destination IP is the RIP version 2 multicast address, 224.0.0.9

•

RIP Update is formed as a RIP version 2 update including network mask

•

RIP version = 2

None

on the interface.

Result

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

rip1OrRip2 RIP version 1 or RIP version 2 updates are accepted. rip1 RIP version 1 and RIP version 1 compatible updates only are

accepted.

rip2 RIP version 2 updates only are accepted.

Limitations

RIP has the following limitations:

•

The protocol is limited to networks whose longest path is 15 hops.

•

The protocol depends on counting to inﬁnity to resolve certain unusual situations.

•

The protocol uses ﬁxed metrics (the hop number)to compare alternative routes, as opposed to real-time parameters such as measured delay, reliability, or load.

•

RIP does not support address-less links.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol

The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Protocol is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that distributes routing information between routers belonging to a single autonomous system (AS). Intended for use in large networks, OSPF is a link-state protocol which supports IP subnetting and the tagging of externally-derived routing information.

IP routing 27

Note: The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series implementation of OSPF only supports broadcast and passive interfaces. Point-to-point and NBMA interfaces are not supported.

Overview

In an OSPF network, each router maintains a link-state database that describes the topology of the autonomous system (AS). The database contains the local state for each router in the AS, including the router’s usable interfaces and reachable neighbors.

Each router periodically checks for changes in its local state and shares any changes detected by ﬂooding link-state advertisements (LSAs) throughout the AS. Routers synchronize their topological databases based on the sharing of information from LSAs.

From the topological database, each router constructs a shortest-path tree, with itself as the root. The shortest-path tree gives the optimal route to each destination in the AS. Routing information from outside the AS appears on the tree as leaves.

OSPF routes IP trafﬁc based solely on the destination IP address and subnet mask contained in the IP packet header.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

28 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Beneﬁts

Beneﬁts in large networks OSPF offers the following beneﬁts:

•

Fast convergence In the event of topological changes, OSPF recalculates routes quickly.

•

Minimal routing protocol trafﬁc Unlike distance vector routing protocols such as RIP, OSPF generates a

minimum of routing protocol trafﬁc.

•

Load sharing OSPF provides support for equal-cost multipath routing. If several

equal-cost routes to a destination exist, trafﬁc is distributed equally among them.

•

Because OSPF does not use hop count in its calculation, the routing domain is scalable.

OSPF routing algorithm

A separate copy of the OSPF routing algorithm runs in each area. Routers which are connected to multiple areas run multiple copies of the algorithm. The sequence of processes governed by the routing algorithm is as follows:

1. When a router starts, it initializes the OSPF data structures and then waits for indications from lower-level protocols that its interfaces are functional.

2. A router then uses the Hello Protocol to discover neighbors. On point-to-point and broadcast networks the router dynamically detects its neighbors by sending hello packets to the multicast address AllSPFRouters. On non-broadcast multiaccess networks, some conﬁguration information is required in order to discover neighbors.

3. On all multiaccess networks (broadcast or non-broadcast), the Hello Protocol also elects a DR for the network.

4. The router attempts to form adjacencies with some of its neighbors. On multiaccess networks, the DR determines which routers become adjacent. This behavior does not occur if a router is conﬁgured as a passive interface, because passive interfaces do not form adjacencies.

5. Adjacent neighbors synchronize their topological databases.

6. The router periodically advertises its link-state, and also does so when its local state changes. LSAs include information about adjacencies enabling quick detection of dead routers on the network.

7. LSAs are ﬂooded throughout the area, ensuring that all routers in an area have exactly the same topological database.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 29

8. From this database each router calculates a shortest-path tree, with itself as root. This shortest-path tree in turn yields a routing table for the protocol.

OSPF router types

Routers in an OSPF network can take on different roles depending their conﬁguration. The following table describes the router types in an OSPF network.

OSPF router types

Router Type Description

Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR)

Area Border Router (ABR)

Internal Router (IR) A router that has interfaces only within a single area

Designated Router (DR)

Backup Designated Router (BDR)

A router attached at the edge of an OSPF network is called an AS boundary router (ASBR). An ASBR generally has one or more interfaces that run an inter-domain routing protocol. In addition, any router distributing static routes or RIP routes into OSPF is considered an ASBR. The ASBR forwards external routes into the OSPF domain. In this way, routers inside the OSPF network learn about destinations outside their domain.

A router attached to two or more areas inside an OSPF network is considered an area border router (ABR). ABRs play an important role in OSPF networks by condensing the amount of OSPF information that is disseminated.

inside an OSPF network is considered an internal router (IR). Unlike ABRs, IRs have topological information only about the area in which they are contained.

In a broadcast network a single router is elected to be the designated router (DR) for that network. A DR assumes the responsibility of making sure all routers on the network are synchronized with one another and also advertises that network to the rest of the AS.

A backup designated router (BDR) is elected in addition to the designated router (DR) and, in the event of failure of the DR, will assume its role quickly.

OSPF host route

An OSPF router with hosts directly attached to its interfaces can use host routes to advertise the attached hosts to its neighbors. You can conﬁgure up to 32 host routes.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

30 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Host routes are managed with Nortel Networks Command Line Interface (NNCLI) commands and SNMP MIBs and are identiﬁed by the host IP address and the conﬁgured route type of service (TOS). For each host directly connected to the router, conﬁgure the cost of the link to the host during host creation. You cannot modify this cost.

Note: Always set TOS to 0 because TOS-based routing is not supported.

When a host is added to, or deleted from, a host route, the router updates the router LSAs and ﬂoods them to neighbors in each area where that router has an interface.

Followingis an exampleof parameters fora host route advertised in the LSA.

Host route in LSA

•

Type: 3 (stub network)

•

LinkID: IP address of host directly connected to router

•

Link Data: 0xFFFFFFFF

•

Metric: conﬁgured cost of host

OSPF Enhancements

•

Host route - Allows a router to advertise to its neighbors all hosts that are directly attached to that router’s interfaces. Up to 32 host routes can be conﬁgured.

•

Virtual links - The OSPF network can be partitioned into multiple areas. However, a backbone area must exist and be contiguous, and every non-backbone area must be connected to the backbone area using either a physical or a logical link. In a network where a physical connection between the non-backbone area and backbone area is impossible, use of a virtual link provides the logical connection through another non-backbone area, called the transit area. Virtual links can be created manually or automatically. The 5500 Series switch supports up to 16 virtual links.

When 5500 Series switches are stacked, and a unit leaves the stack and becomes standalone, the router ID is automatically changed to its default value if IP blocking is turned off and OSPF is globally enabled. This prevents duplication of a router ID in the OSPF routing domain. The new router ID value is temporary, that is, it is not saved to NVRAM. Therefore, upon reset, the old router ID is restored. Conﬁgurable using NNCLI, ACG, and Device Manager.

Example conﬁgurations The following is an example for creating a host route:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Creating Host Route

Example : 1

R3(config)#router ospf R3(config-router)#host-route 11.11.11.111 metric 10 R3(config-router)#show ip ospf host-route

Host IP Metric

11.11.11.111 10

R3(config-router)#

The following is an example for deleting a host route:

Deleting Host Route

Example : 1

R3(config-router)#no host-route 11.11.11.111 R3(config-router)#show ip ospf host-route

Host IP Metric

IP routing 31

R3(config-router)#

OSPF virtual link

On an OSPF network, a router acting as an area boundary router (ABR) must be directly connected to the backbone. If no physical connection is available, you can create a virtual link.

A virtual link is established between two endpoint ABRs and is a logical connection to the backbone area through a non-backbone area called a transit area. In the following diagram, non-backbone ABR 2 establishes a virtual link with backbone ABR1 across transition area, area 1. The virtual link connects area 2 to area 0.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

32 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Virtual link diagram

Note: Stub or NSSA areas cannot be transit areas.

A virtual link can be created manually or automatically. Manual virtual link creation can conserve resources and provide speciﬁc

control of virtual link placement in the OSPF conﬁguration. To add a virtual link manually, conﬁgure both endpoint ABRs with a neighbor

router ID and transit area ID. You can conﬁgure up to 16 virtual links.

Note: You can modify parameters for manually added virtual links.

To accept automatic virtual link creation, enable automatic virtual link on both endpoint ABRs (the default value is disabled). Automatic virtual links are removed when the transit area is deleted, auto virtual link is disabled, or the router is no longer an ABR.

Note: Auto-created virtual links use default settings that cannot be modiﬁed.

Example Conﬁguration

Consider the following situation:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 33

In this case, R4 in Area2 cannot be physically connected to Area0 (for some reason) and it will be connected to R3 which is NOT a backbone ABR (like R1 is for instance). As Area2 is not directly connected to backboneArea0 or directly connected to a backbone ABR router, clients from Area2 will not be able to access anything outside Area2. Also, router R3 is an ABR router connected to two non-backbone areas.

In order to solve these problems, virtual-link must be conﬁgured between router R3 and R1 which are both ABRs. Virtual-link cannot be conﬁgured on non-ABR routers.

Consider the following Router IDs:

•

R1 : 1.0.0.0

•

R3 : 3.0.1.0

•

R4 : 4.0.2.0

Virtual-link can be conﬁgured in two ways on ABR routers :

•

Conﬁguring virtual link manually

•

Conﬁguring virtual link automatically

The following is an example for creating an auto virtual link:

Creating auto virtual link

R1 (config-router)#auto-vlink

Example : 1

R1(config)#show ip ospf Router ID: 1.0.0.0 Admin Status: Enabled Version Number: 2 Area Border Router Oper Status: True AS Boundary Router Config Status: False External Link-State Advertisements: 0 External Link-State Checksum: 0(0x0) Type-of-Service (TOS) Routing Supported: False Originated Link-State Advertisements: 67 New Link-State Advertisements Received: 722

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

34 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

OSPF Traps: Disabled Auto Virtual Link Creation: Enabled SPF Hold-Down Time: 10 RFC 1583 Compatibility: Enabled

R3 (config-router)#auto-vlink

Example : 2

R3(config)#show ip ospf Router ID: 3.0.1.0 Admin Status: Enabled Version Number: 2 Area Border Router Oper Status: True AS Boundary Router Config Status: False External Link-State Advertisements: 0 External Link-State Checksum: 0(0x0) Type-of-Service (TOS) Routing Supported: False Originated Link-State Advertisements: 67 New Link-State Advertisements Received: 722 OSPF Traps: Disabled Auto Virtual Link Creation: Enabled SPF Hold-Down Time: 10 RFC 1583 Compatibility: Enabled

The following is an example for deleting an auto virtual link:

Deleting auto virtual link

R1 (config-router)#no auto-vlink

Example : 1

R3 (config-router)#no auto-vlink

Example : 2

R3(config)#show ip ospf

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Router ID: 3.0.1.0 Admin Status: Enabled Version Number: 2 Area Border Router Oper Status: True AS Boundary Router Config Status: False External Link-State Advertisements: 0 External Link-State Checksum: 0(0x0) Type-of-Service (TOS) Routing Supported: False Originated Link-State Advertisements: 67 New Link-State Advertisements Received: 722 OSPF Traps: Disabled Auto Virtual Link Creation: Disabled SPF Hold-Down Time: 10 RFC 1583 Compatibility: Enabled

Virtual-Link can also be conﬁgured using the Java Device Manager (JDM). Just go under IP Routing > OSPF menu. There you can ﬁnd : ‘General’ tab for Auto-Vlink creation, ‘Virtual If’ tab, and ‘Virtual Neighbors’ tab.

Route policies

Route policies are a Nortel proprietary improvement on existing routing schemes. Using existing routing schemes, packets are forwarded based on routes that have been learned by the router through routing protocols such as RIP and OSPF or through the introduction of static routes. Route policies introduce the ability to forward packets based on rule sets created by the network administrator. These rule sets, or policies, are then applied to the learned or static routes.

IP routing 35

Route policies on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. When used in conjunction with these protocols, route policies can be used to perform the following tasks that are not possible using traditional routing methods:

•

Listen for routing updates from speciﬁc gateways.

•

Listen for routing updates from speciﬁc networks.

•

Assign a speciﬁc subnet mask to be included with a network in the routing table.

•

Advertise routing updates from speciﬁc gateways.

•

Advertise routing updates to speciﬁc networks.

•

Assign a speciﬁc subnet mask to be included in the route summary packets.

•

Advertise routes learned by one protocol to another.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

36 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Route policies supports the following types of policies:

• Accept (In) Policies

Accept polices are applied to incoming routing updates before they are applied to the routing table. In the case of RIP, accept policies can be applied to all incoming packets and only one policy can be created for each RIP interface. In the case of OSPF, accept policies are only applied to Type 5 External routes based on the advertising router ID. There can only be one OSPF accept policy per switch and the policy is applied before updates are added to the routing table from the link state database.

• Announce (Out) Policies

Announce policies are applied to outgoing routing updates before the routing update packets are actually transmitted from the switch. In the case of RIP, announce policies can be applied to all outgoing packets and only one policy can be created for each RIP interface. Announce policies are not supported for OSPF as OSPF requires routing information to be consistent throughout the OSPF domain.

• Redistribution Policies

Redistribution policies are used to provide notiﬁcation of addition or deletion of a route in the routing table by one protocol to another protocol. OSPF redistribution policies send redistributed routes as Type 5 External routes. There can be only one OSPF redistribution route per switch and it must be conﬁgured as a ASBR with redistribution enabled.

Route policies consist of the following items:

• Preﬁx Lists

— List of IP addresses with subnet masks. — Identiﬁed by a preﬁx list name and unique identiﬁer. — Preﬁx lists support the comparison of ranges of incoming masks.

• Route Maps

— Contain a set of match and set parameters. — Match and set parameters can contain several preﬁx lists. — A set of match and set parameters are identiﬁed by a sequence

number.

— Accept and deny actions are associated with each sequenced

parameter set.

— Sequence numbers act as a preference setting. Sets with a lower

sequence number are preferred over those with a higher sequence number.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

To conﬁgure routing policies, create the appropriate preﬁx lists and then assign those preﬁx lists to route maps. Once all route maps have been created, assign them to the appropriate type of policy.

In a stacked environment, the following rules are applied to routing policies:

•

The policy database is stored in all stack units.

•

Policy conﬁguration is supported from only the base unit. The base unit sends updates to non-base units to update the policy database in each stack unit.

•

During database updates, only the database in the base unit is synchronized with the non-base unit. The database in the non-base units are deleted during the exchange.

•

Only the policies stored in the base unit are used by RIP and OSPF for policy application.

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) is designed to eliminate the single point of failure that can occur when the single static default gateway router for an end station is lost. VRRP introduces the concept of a virtual IP address (transparent to users) shared between two or more routers connecting a common subnet to the enterprise network. With the virtual IP address as the default gateway on end hosts, VRRP provides dynamic default gateway redundancy in the event of failure.

IP routing 37

VRRP uses the following terms:

• VRRP router - a router running the VRRP protocol.

•

Virtual router - the abstract object managed by VRRP that is assigned

the virtual IP address and that acts as the default router for a set of IP addresses across a common network. Each virtual router is assigned a virtual router ID.

•

Virtual router master - the VRRP router that assumes responsibility

for forwarding packets sent to the IP address associated with the virtual router. The master router also responds to packets sent to the virtual router IP address and answers ARP requests for this IP address.

•

Virtual router backup - the router or routers that can serve as the

failover router if the master router becomes unavailable. If the master router fails, an election process provides a dynamic transition of forwarding responsibility to a new master router.

• Priority - an 8-bit value assigned to all VRRP routers. A higher value represents a higher priority for election to the master router. The priority can be a value from 1 to 255. When a master router fails, an election process takes place among the backup routers to dynamically reassign the role of the master router.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

38 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP)

The Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP) feature allows routers to determine equal cost paths to the same destination preﬁx. The multiple paths can be used for load sharing of trafﬁc and allows faster convergence to other active paths in case of network failure. By maximizing load sharing among equal-cost paths, links between routers can be used more efﬁciently when sending IP trafﬁc. The ECMP feature supports and complements the following protocols types:

•

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

•

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

•

Static Routes

ECMP is only supported on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520 and

5530. ECMP will work in a mixed stack but will not run on any Nortel

Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 units in the stack.

UDP broadcast forwarding

Some network applications, such as the NetBIOS name service, rely on User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts to request a service or locate a application. If a host is on a network, subnet segment, or VLAN that includes a server for the service, UDP broadcasts are by default not forwarded to the server located on a different network segment or VLAN. This is resolved by forwarding the broadcasts to the server through physical or virtual interfaces.

UDP broadcast forwarding is a general mechanism for selectively forwarding limited UDP broadcasts received on an IP interface to a conﬁgured IP address. The packet is sent as a unicast packet to the server.

The following are the basic steps for UDP broadcast forwarding conﬁguration:

1. Enter the UDP protocols to be forwarded.

2. Create forwarding policies by deﬁning UDP protocol and server pairs.

3. Assemble these policies into lists.

4. Apply these lists to the appropriate interfaces.

When a UDP broadcast is received on a router interface, it must meet the following criteria if it is to be considered for forwarding:

•

It must be a MAC-level broadcast.

•

It must be an IP-limited broadcast.

•

It must be for a conﬁgured UDP protocol.

•

It must have a TTL value of at least 2.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 39

For each ingress interface and protocol, the UDP broadcast packets are forwarded only to a unicast host address (the unicast IP address of the server for example).

Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) / Bootstrap Protocol (BootP)

DHCP-BootP relay

The Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) is an extension of the Bootstrap protocol (BootP) and provides host conﬁguration information to workstations on a dynamic basis. To lower administrative overhead, network managers prefer to conﬁgure a small number of DHCP servers in a central location. It is necessary for routers to support the BootP/DHCP relay function so that hosts can access conﬁguration information from servers several router hops away.

Differences between DHCP and BootP

The following differences between DHCP and BootP are speciﬁed in RFC 2131 and include functions that BootP does not address:

•

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series supports the Bootstrap protocol (BootP). BootP enables the retrieval of an ASCII conﬁguration ﬁle name and conﬁguration server address.

•

A properly conﬁgured BootP server enables the switch to automatically learn its assigned IP address, subnet mask and the IP address of the default router (default gateway).

•

DHCP deﬁnes mechanisms through which clients can be assigned a network address for a ﬁnite lease (allowing for reuse of IP addresses).

•

DHCP provides the mechanism for clients to acquire all of the IP conﬁguration parameters needed to operate.

DHCP uses the BootP message format deﬁned in RFC 951. The remainder of the options ﬁeld consists of a list of tagged parameters that are called "options" (RFC 2131).

Summary of DHCP relay operation

BootP/DHCP clients (workstations) generally use UDP/IP broadcasts to determine their IP addresses and conﬁguration information. If such a host is on a network or a subnet segment (or VLAN) that does not include a DHCP server, the UDP broadcasts are by default not forwarded to the server located on a different network segment or VLAN. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series can be conﬁgured to resolve this issue by forwarding the broadcasts to the server. The router interfaces can be conﬁgured to forward DHCP broadcasts to other locally connected network segments or directly to the server’s IP address. DHCP must be enabled on a per-VLAN basis.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

40 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

"DHCP operation" (page 40)Figure DHCP operation shows an end station

connected to subnet 1, corresponding to VLAN 1. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series connects two subnets by means of the virtual routing function. When the end station generates a DHCP request as a limited UDP broadcast to the IP address of all 1s (that is, 255.255.255.255) with the DHCP relay function conﬁgured, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series forwards DHCP requests to subnet 2 or to the host address of the DHCP server, depending on the conﬁguration.

DHCP operation

Forwarding DHCP packets

In the example shown in "Forwarding DHCP packets" (page 40), the agent address is 10.10.1.254. To conﬁgure the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series to forward DHCP packets from the end station to the server, use 10.10.2.1 as the server address.

Forwarding DHCP packets

All BootP broadcast packets, including DHCP packets that appear on the VLAN 1 router interface (10.10.1.254), will be forwarded to the DHCP server. In this case, the DHCP packets are forwarded as unicast to the DHCP server’s IP address.

Multiple BootP-DHCP servers

Most enterprise networks use multiple BootP/DHCP servers for fault tolerance. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series allows switch conﬁguration to forward BootP/DHCP requests to multiple servers. Up to 10 servers can be conﬁgured to receive copies of the forwarded BootP/DHCP messages.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 41

If a DHCP client is connected to a routable interface, to conﬁgure DHCP requests to be sent to up to 512 different routable interfaces or 512 different server IP addresses, enable DHCP on the client (agent address) and then enable DHCP from the client to each of the interfaces or IP addresses (server addresses).

In the example shown in "Multiple BootP/DHCP servers" (page 41),two DHCP servers are located on two different subnets. To conﬁgure the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series to forward the copies of the BootP/DHCP packets from the end station to both servers, specify the switch (10.10.1.254) as the agent address. Then enable DHCP to each of the DHCP servers by entering 10.10.2.1 and 10.10.3.1 as the server addresses.

Multiple BootP/DHCP servers

Setting DHCP

To set DHCP, take the following steps:

Step Action 1 EnableIP routing on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

and on the target VLAN interface.

4 5 6

Enable DHCP globally.

Note: DHCP is enabled by default.

Set the DHCP forwarding paths, using the VLAN IP as the starting point, or agent IP.

Set the mode for each DHCP forwarding path. Enable DHCP for the speciﬁc VLAN. Enable the DHCP broadcast message for the speciﬁc VLAN.

—End—

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

42 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

Any of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switch management systems can be used to set DHCP.

DHCP relay

DHCP (Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol) is a mechanism to assign network IP addresses to clients who request an address. It is built on top of the existing BOOTP protocol and can be speciﬁed for DHCP, BOOTP, or both.

The DHCP relay feature relays client requests to DHCP servers on different L3 VLANs. It also relays server replies back to the clients.

DHCP relay can be conﬁgured through Command Line Interface or Java Device Manager. DHCP can only be conﬁgured on the base unit from CLI, like all L3 commands. There are three parts in the DHCP relay conﬁgurations. They are:

•

global DHCP enable/disable

• interface conﬁgurations

•

forward path conﬁgurations

To relay DHCP messages, two VLANs must be created and IP addresses assigned to them. The client and server must reside on different L3 VLANS to use DHCP relay. IP routing and global DHCP relay must be enabled on both the client as well as server.

Note: The DHCP Relay feature shares resources with QoS. If the DHCP Relay feature is enabled, a QoS policy with a precedence of 11 cannot be installed.

For further information on QoS policies refer to Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series Conﬁguration - Quality of Service (Part Number NN47200-504).

Global DHCP relay conﬁguration This conﬁguration enables or disables DHCP relay for the entire unit or stack. Once DHCP relay is disabled, the switch/stack will not relay DHCP/BOOTP " Global DHCP relay commands"

(page 42)across L3 VLANs. However, the settings will still be conﬁgurable.

describes the global DHCP relay commands.

Global DHCP relay commands

Command

show ip dhcp-relay shows global DHCP relay state

Description

no ip dhcp-relay disables DHCP relay globally ip dhcp-relay enables DHCP relay globally

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing 43

These commands must be executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Interface DHCP relay conﬁgurations These conﬁgurations are associated with the L3 VLAN that the client or server resides on. IP routing must be enabled and a valid IP address must be assigned to the L3 VLAN before it generates the default settings for DHCP relay.

"Interface DHCP relay commands" (page 43)describes the interface DHCP

relay commands. To change the interface DHCP relay conﬁgurations, switch to the Interface Conﬁguration command mode.

Interface DHCP relay commands

Command

show vlan dhcp-relay shows vlan dhcp relay state ip dhcp-relay min-sec 30 sets min-sec to 30 ip dhcp-relay mode dhcp sets mode to dhcp no ip dhcp-relay disables ip dhcp-relay ip dhcp-relay broadcast enables broadcast for this interface

Description

DHCP Relay forward path conﬁgurations These conﬁgurations are made per interface IP address and server IP address. " DHCP relay forward

path commands" (page 43)DHCP relay forward path commands table

describes the ip dhcp relay fwd-path commands.

DHCP relay forward path commands

Command

show ip dhcp-relay fwd-path Shows ip dhcp-relay fwd-path. ip dhcp-relay fwd-path

<agent IP> <server IP> mode bootp-dhcp

ip dhcp-relay fwd-path <agent IP> <server IP> disable

Description

Creates interface IP and server IP path with modes DHCP & BootP.

Disables the interface/server pair, enable = false.

no dhcp-relay fwd-path <agent IP> <server IP>

no ip dhcp-relay Disables ip dhcp-relay. ip dhcp-relay broadcast Enables broadcast for this interface.

Deletes the interface/server pair.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

44 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

DHCP relay uses a hardware resource that is shared by switch Quality of Service applications. When DHCP relay is enabled globally, the Quality of Service ﬁlter manager will not be able to use precedence 11 for conﬁgurations. For the ﬁlter manager to be able to use this resource, DHCP relay must be disabled for the entire unit or stack.

Avoiding duplicate IP addresses

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series has built-in safeguards to avoid issuing duplicate IP addresses, because the switch functions as a stack as well as a stand-alone system. These safeguards apply to stack conﬁguration changes (for example, when a stack is forming or after a unit is removed from a stack).

The system allows the use of an existing IP address under the following conditions:

•

When a unit leaves a stack: — If the unit was the acting Base Unit (BU) of the stack and the stack

consisted of only two units.

— If the IP blocking mode in the stack was set to none.

•

When a unit boots up: — If the unit was never in a stack. — If IP blocking was manually turned off prior to the current boot. — If the unit was the designated Base Unit (BU); that is, selected by

hardware switch on the unit, either on the back or on the UI button on the front; and the stack consisted of only two units.

— If the IP blocking mode was set to none.

If the desired switch IP address is blocked by the system, then the address must be conﬁgured manually in the command line interface.

Automatic router ID change

If a unit leaves the stack and becomes standalone (when the stack disjoins), the router ID is automatically changed to its default value. This prevents router ID duplication in the OSPF routing domain.

Prerequisites: IP blocking must be turned off (set to none) and OSPF must be globally enabled.

TIP: The change in router ID is temporary (not saved in non-volatile random access memory) and, upon reset, the router ID is restored.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP blocking

IP Blocking is a Layer 3 feature of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series that provides built-in safeguards for the usage of duplicate IP addresses in a stacked environment. IP Blocking is used whenever a unit leaves a stack or is rebooting inside the context of a stack. Depending on the setting in use, Layer 3 functionality is either continued or blocked by this feature.

IP Blocking can exist in either a none or full condition. When IP Blocking is set to none, duplicate IP addresses are permitted in the stack unconditionally. When the full condition is set, duplicate IP addresses are blocked in the stack unconditionally.

In a stack environment, Nortel recommends that IP blocking mode none be used in a stack of 2 units. In such a stack environment and IP blocking mode combination, the following functional characteristics can be expected:

•

IP routing 45

If the stack base unit becomes non-operational the following will occur: — Layer 3 functionality will continue to run on the non-base unit. — Dynamic routing protocols still run on the non-base unit.

•

If the stack non-base unit becomes non-operational the following will occur:

— Layer 3 functionality will continue to run on the base unit. — Dynamic routing protocols run on the base unit.

A disadvantage of this conﬁguration is that if the non-operational unit does not rejoin the stack, address duplication will occur.

In stack environments of more than 2 units, Nortel recommends using IP blocking mode full. In such a stack environment and IP blocking mode combination, the following functional characteristics can be expected:

• If the stack base unit becomes non-operational the following will occur: — The temporary base unit takes over base unit duties. — The temporary base unit runs the Layer 3 and DRP functionality. — The takeover of the temporary base unit will cause the MAC

addresses of the Layer 3 interfaces to change and the MAC addresses from the temporary base unit MAC address pool are used. This may cause a minor disruption in routing trafﬁc. To facilitate quick failoverin this instance, gratuitous ARP messages are sent out for each interface for 5 minutes at 15 second intervals.

•

If a stack non-base unit becomes non-operational the following will occur:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

46 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

— The stack will continue to run normally with the base unit controlling

Layer 3 and DRP functionality.

— If the non-operational non-base unit does not rejoin the stack, no

Layer 3 or DRP functionality will run on it.

IGMP snooping

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series can sense Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) host membership reports from attached stations and use this information to set up a dedicated path between the requesting station and a local IP Multicast router. After the pathway is established, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switch blocks the IP Multicast stream from exiting any other port that does not connect to another host member, thus conserving bandwidth. The following section describes how Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switches provide the same beneﬁt as IP Multicast routers, but in the local area.

IGMP is used by IP Multicast routers to learn about the existence of host group members on their directly attached subnets (see RFC 2236). The IP Multicast routers get this information by broadcasting IGMP queries and listening for IP hosts reporting their host group memberships. This process is used to set up a client/server relationship between an IP Multicast source that provides the data streams and the clients that want to receive the data.

By default, unknown multicast trafﬁc is ﬂooded to all ports in a VLAN. In situations in which there is a multicast transmitter that is not doing IGMP and there are no multicast receivers, the trafﬁc transmitted by the transmitter is ﬂooded.

The CLI commands for IGMP allow the sending of all unknown multicast trafﬁc to IGMP static router ports only. This trafﬁc will not be forwarded to dynamically discovered m-router ports. If it is desirable to forward unknown unicast trafﬁc to certain ports only, those ports can be set as static m-router ports.

• When disabled, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switch treats unknown multicast trafﬁc as it does broadcast trafﬁc (ﬂood). This is the default behavior.

•

User settings for the Unknown Multicast No Flood feature is stored in NVRAM. In a stack, if settings on different units differ, the Base Unit setting will take precedence. This feature can be enabled or disabled at any time.

•

Nortel Networks recommends this feature be enabled when IGMP snooping is enabled.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IGMP snooping 47

"IP multicast propagation with IGMP routing" (page 47)shows how IGMP

is used to set up the path between the client and server. As shown in this example, the IGMP host provides an IP Multicast stream to designated routers that forward the IP Multicast stream on their local network only if there is a recipient.

The client/server path is set up as follows:

1. The designated router sends out a host membership query to the subnet and receives host membership reports from end stations on the subnet.

2. The designated routers then set up a path between the IP Multicast stream source and the end stations.

3. Periodically, the router continues to query end stations about whether to continue participation.

4. As long as any client continues to participate, all clients, including non-participating end stations on that subnet, receive the IP Multicast stream.

Note: Although the non-participating end stations can ﬁlter the IP Multicast trafﬁc, the IP Multicast trafﬁc still exists on the subnet and consumes bandwidth.

IP Multicast can be optimized in a LAN by using IP Multicast ﬁltering switches, such as the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

As shown in "IP multicast propagation with IGMP routing" (page 47),a non-IP Multicast ﬁltering switch causes IP Multicast trafﬁc to be sent to all segments on the local subnet.

IP multicast propagation with IGMP routing

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

48 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series can automatically set up IP Multicast ﬁlters so the IP Multicast trafﬁc is only directed to the participating end nodes (see ).

In , "5500 Series switch ﬁltering IP multicast streams (1 of 2)" (page

48)switches S1 to S4 represent a LAN connected to an IP Multicast router.

The router periodically sends Host Membership Queries to the LAN and listens for a response from end stations. All of the clients connected to switches S1 to S4 are aware of the queries from the router.

One client, connected to S2, responds with a host membership report. Switch S2 intercepts the report from that port, and generates a proxy report to its upstream neighbor, S1. Also, two clients connected to S4 respond with host membership reports, causing S4 to intercept the reports and to generate a consolidated proxy report to its upstream neighbor, S1.

5500 Series switch ﬁltering IP multicast streams (1 of 2)

Switch S1 treats the consolidated proxy reports from S2 and S4 as if they were reports from any client connected to its ports, and generates a consolidated proxy report to the designated router. In this way, the router receives a single consolidated report from that entire subnet.

After the switches learn which ports are requesting access to the IP Multicast stream, all other ports not responding to the queries are blocked from receiving the IP Multicast ("5500 Series switch ﬁltering IP multicast

streams (2 of 2)" (page 49)).

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IGMP snooping 49

5500 Series switch ﬁltering IP multicast streams (2 of 2)

The consolidated proxy report generated by the switch remains transparent to Layer 3 of the International Standardization Organization, Open Systems Interconnection (ISO/OSI) model. (The switch IP address and MAC address are not part of proxy report generation.) The last reporting IGMP group member in each VLAN represents all of the hosts in that VLAN and IGMP group.

IGMP snooping conﬁguration rules

The IGMP snooping feature operates according to speciﬁc conﬁguration rules. When conﬁguring the switch for IGMP snooping, consider the following rules that determine how the conﬁguration reacts in any network topology:

•

There is a maximum of 240 groups on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

•

A port that is conﬁgured for port mirroring cannot be conﬁgured as a static router port.

•

If a MultiLink Trunk member is conﬁgured as a static router port, all of the MultiLink trunk members are conﬁgured as static router ports. Also, if a static router port is removed, and it is a MultiLink Trunk member, all MultiLink trunk members are removed as static router port members, automatically.

•

Static router ports must be port members of at least one VLAN.

•

The IGMP snooping feature is not STP dependent.

•

The IGMP snooping feature is not Rate Limiting dependent.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

50 An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

•

The snooping ﬁeld must be enabled for the proxy ﬁeld to have any valid meaning.

•

Static router ports are conﬁgured per VLAN and per IGMP Version. Note: Because IGMP snooping is set up per VLAN, all IGMP changes

are implemented according to the VLAN conﬁguration for the speciﬁed ports.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

This chapter describes the conﬁguration and management of IP routing in the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. IP Routing conﬁguration is accomplished through the Command Line Interface (CLI), Web-based Management Interface, or the Java Device Manager (JDM).

This chapter contains the following topics:

•

"IP routing initial conﬁguration" (page 51)

•

"IP routing conﬁguration examples" (page 120)

•

"IP routing conﬁguration using the Java Device Manager" (page 206)

IP routing initial conﬁguration

This section provides step by step instructions for the initial conﬁguration of the IP routing protocols supported by the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. For conceptual information about IP routing topics covered in this section, refer to "An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols" (page 13). This section contains the following topics:

•

"Global IP routing conﬁguration" (page 51)

•

"Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) initial conﬁguration" (page 52)

This chapter also contains in-depth conﬁguration examples that can aid in the advanced conﬁguration of the switch. Refer to "IP routing conﬁguration

examples" (page 120)for these advanced examples.

Global IP routing conﬁguration

Before IP routing conﬁguration can take place, IP routing must be globally enabled on the switch. Use the set of commands outlined below to enter the Global Conﬁguration mode of the switch and enable IP routing.

5530-24TFD# enable 5530-24TFD# config terminal 5530-24TFD(config)# ip routing

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

52 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) initial conﬁguration

This section contains the steps necessary for the initial conﬁguration of OSPF on the switch. More advanced conﬁguration examples can be found in the "IP routing conﬁguration examples" (page 120)section.

Basic OSPF conﬁguration

A basic OSPF conﬁguration will learn OSPF routes from other OSPF devices and propagate routes to other OSPF devices. The following procedure outlines the creation of a basic OSPF conﬁguration:

Step Action 1 Log into User EXEC mode.

5530-24TFD> enable

2 Log into Global Conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD# config terminal

The switch will respond with the following line:

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Enable IP routing globally.

5530-24TFD(config)# ip routing

Enable OSPF globally.

5530-24TFD(config)# router ospf en

Log into the OSPF router conﬁguration mode. It is not necessary to make any changes at this time but entering the router conﬁguration mode is a good way to verify that the mode has been activated.

5530-24TFD(config)# router ospf

Note: The remainder of this procedure refers to VLAN 35. Although VLAN 35 is used for this example, any port type VLAN could be used.

Create a port type VLAN as VLAN number 35 in spanning tree protocol group 1.

5530-24TFD(config)# vlan create 35 type port 1

Log into the Interface Conﬁguration mode for VLAN 35.

5530-24TFD(config)# interface vlan 35

Enable IP routing on VLAN 35.

5530-24TFD(config-if)# ip routing

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing initial conﬁguration 53

Assign an IP address to VLAN 35.

5530-24TFD(config-if)# ip address 1.1.2.25

255.255.255.0

Enable OSPF in VLAN 35.

5530-24TFD(config-if)# ip ospf en

Return to Global Conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD(config-if)# exit

By default all ports belong to a newly created VLAN. This command removes all of the ports from VLAN 35 .

5530-24TFD(config)# vlan members remove 35 all

Add ports 1 through 10 to VLAN 35.

5530-24TFD(config)# vlan members add 35 1-10

—End—

Basic ASBR conﬁguration

The Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) is used in OSPF to import routes that come from non-OSPF sources such as:

•

Local interfaces that are not part of OSPF.

•

RIP interfaces.

•

RIP learned routes.

•

Static routes.

This quick reference will help in the conﬁguration of OSPF to import these types of routes. This will allow the rest of the OSPF network to learn them as OSPF routes. To create a basic ASBR conﬁguration, follow this procedure:

Step Action 1

Log into User EXEC mode.

5530-24TFD> enable

Log into Global Conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD# config terminal

The switch will respond with the following line:

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

54 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

Log into the OSPF router conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD(config)# router ospf

Enable ASBR functionality.

5530-24TFD(config-router)# as-boundary-router en

Use the following commands to select the type of routes that OSPF will distribute to other OSPF devices. RIP, direct, and static routes are supported.

5530-24TFD(config-router)# redistribute rip en 5530-24TFD(config-router)# redistribute direct en 5530-24TFD(config-router)# redistribute static en

6 Return to Global Conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD(config-router)# exit

7 Once the commands in step 5 have be used to select the types of

routes to redistribute, apply the changes globally with the following commands.

5530-24TFD(config)#ip ospf apply redistribute rip 5530-24TFD(config)#ip ospf apply redistribute direct 5530-24TFD(config)#ip ospf apply redistribute static

—End—

Conﬁguring ECMP for OSPF

Usage of ECMP with OSPF is supported on the 5520 and 5530 models only. To conﬁgure ECMP with OSPF, use the following procedure:

Step Action 1

Log into User EXEC mode.

5530-24TFD> enable

Log into Global Conﬁguration mode.

5530-24TFD# config terminal

The switch will respond with the following line:

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Set the number of ECMP paths to use with OSPF. Up to four paths can be used.

5530-24TFD(config)# ospf maximum-path 2

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 55

This command tells the router to use up to two paths to get to any OSPF network destination.

The conﬁguration can be veriﬁed using the following command.

5530-24TFD(config)# show ecmp

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI

This section describes the various Command Line Interface commands available for the conﬁguration and management of IP routing. Depending on the type of command and the context in which it is being used, these commands are executed in the various CLI command modes.

IP conﬁguration commands

This section describes the commands for the global IP conﬁguration at the switch level.

ip routing command

The ip routing command enables global routing at the switch level. The syntax for the ip routing command is:

ip routing

—End—

The ip routing command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no ip routing command

The no ip routing command disables IP routing. The syntax for the no ip routing command is:

no ip routing

The no ip routing command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ip blocking-mode command

Use this command to set the level of IP blocking to perform in the stack. The syntax for this command is:

ip blocking-mode {full | none}

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

56 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip blocking-mode parameters

Parameter Description

full Select this parameter to set IP blocking to full. This

none

This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Layer 3 routable VLANs

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series are Layer 3 (L3) switches. This means that a regular L2 VLAN becomes a routable L3 VLAN if an IP address and MAC address are attached to the VLAN. When routing is enabled in L3 mode, every L3 VLAN is capable of routing as well as carrying the management trafﬁc. The user can use any L3 VLAN instead of the Management VLAN to manage the switch.

This section covers the commands that are used to set up and conﬁgure routable VLANs.

never allows a duplicate IP address in a stack. Select this parameter to set IP blocking to none.

This allows duplicate IP addresses unconditionally.

interface vlan command

The interface vlan command only takes to the interface conﬁg mode. The ip routing command in the interface-conﬁg mode enables routing on a speciﬁc vlan.

The syntax for the interface VLAN command is:

interface vlan <1 - 4094>

The interface VLAN command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ip address command

The ip address command enables routing on a VLAN. The syntax for the ip address command is:

ip address <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> [<1 - 256>] [secondary]

The ip address command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration command mode.

The following table describes the parameters for this command.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 57

ip address parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> The IP address to attach to the VLAN. <W.X.Y.Z> The subnet mask to attach to the VLAN <1 - 256>

secondary Use this option to set up a secondary IP interface

The MAC offset value. Specify the value 1 for the Management VLAN only.

on a VLAN. You can have a maximum of eight secondary IP interfaces for every primary and the primary must be set up before any secondary interfaces are conﬁgured.

no ip address command

The no ip address command disables routing on a VLAN. The syntax for the no ip address command is:

no ip address <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z >

The following table describes the parameters for this command.

no ip address parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> The IP address to disable routing on. <W.X.Y.Z > The subnet mask to disable routing on.

The no ip address command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration command mode.

Multinetting

To add a secondary IP interface to a VLAN, known as Multinetting, use the following procedure:

Adding secondary IP interfaces Step Action

Put the switch into interface mode for the speciﬁc VLAN.

interface vlan <vlan #>

Create a primary interface before adding secondary interfaces (if a primary interface has not yet been created).

ip address <ip address> <mask> [<mac offset>]

Deﬁne a secondary IP interface on the VLAN.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

58 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip address <ip address> <mask> [<mac offset>] secondary

Example Adding secondary IP interfaces to a VLAN

Primary and secondary interfaces must reside on different subnets. In the following example, 4.1.0.10 is the primary IP and 4.1.1.10 is the secondary IP.

interface vlan 4

ip address 4.1.0.10 255.255.255.0 6

Removing primary IP interfaces from a VLAN when secondary interfaces are conﬁgured

Step Action

—End—

Put the switch into interface mode for the VLAN.

interface vlan <vlan #>

Remove the secondary IP interface from the VLAN.

no ip address <ip address secondary> <mask>

Remove the primary IP interface from the VLAN.

no ip address <ip address primary> <mask> [<mac offset>]

—End—

Example removing primary IP interface from a VLAN when secondary interfaces are conﬁgured

In the following example, 4.1.0.10 is the primary IP and 4.1.1.10 is the secondary IP.

interface vlan 4

no ip address 4.1.0.10 255.255.255.0

no ip address 4.1.1.10 255.255.255.0

Example removing secondary IP interface only from a VLAN

interface vlan 4

no ip address 4.1.0.10 255.255.255.0

show vlan ip command

The show vlan ip command shows routable VLAN conﬁgurations.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

The syntax for the show vlan ip command is:

show vlan ip [vid <1 - 4094>]

Substitute <1 - 4094> above with the VLAN ID of the VLAN to be displayed.

Static route commands

This section discusses the commands used to display and conﬁgure static routes on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

show ip route static command

The show ip route static command displays all static routes, whether these routes are active or inactive.

The syntax for the show ip route static command is:

show ip route static [<A.B.C.D>] [-s <O.P.Q.R> <W.X.Y.Z>]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 59

ip route static parameters

Parameters Description

< A.B.C.D> Enter IP address to display the static route for the

speciﬁc IP address.

-s <O.P.Q.R> Enter IP address for the subnet to display. < W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address for the subnet to display.

The show ip route static command is executed in the User EXEC command mode.

show ip route command

The show ip route command displays all active routes in the routing table.

Route entries appear in ascending order of the destination IP addresses. The syntax for the show ip route command is:

show ip route [<A.B.C.D.|W.X.Y.Z.> <summary>]

show ip route command output

Ip Route

DST MASK NEXT COST VLAN PORT PROT TYPE PRF

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.3.2.137 1 1

2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 2.2.2.2 1 2

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

1/21 S IB

----

CDB

5 0

60 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

10.3.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.3.2.199 1 1 Total Routes: 3 TYPE Legend: I=Indirect Route, D=Direct Route, A=Alternative Route, B=Best Route, E=Ecmp

Route, U=Unresolved Route, N=Not in HW

----

CDB

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

show ip route parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address to display the route for the speciﬁc

IP address. <W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address for the subnet to display. summary

Display a summary of IP route information.

The show ip route command is executed in the User EXEC command mode.

show ip route summary command

The show ip route summary command displays the software IP routing table.

The syntax for the show ip route summary command is:

show ip route summary

show ip route summary command output

-----------------------Connected routes : 65 Static routes : 2 RIP routes : 512 OSPF routes : 512

-----------------------Total routes : 1091

------------------------

The show ip route summary command is executed in the User EXEC command mode.

ip route command

The ip route command creates and conﬁgures a static route. The syntax for the ip route command is:

ip route <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> <O.P.Q.R> <1-65535>

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 61

ip route parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address of the destination point of the route

being added. <W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address of the destination node

for the route being added. <O.P.Q.R> Enter the IP address of the next hop of the route

being added. <1 - 65535>

Enter the weight, or cost, of the route being added.

The ip route command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no ip route command

The no ip route command removes a static route. The syntax for the no ip route command is:

no ip route <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> <O.P.Q.R>

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

no ip route parameters

Parameters Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address of the destination point of the route

being removed. <W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address of the destination node

for the route being removed. <O.P.Q.R> Enter the IP address of the next hop of the route

being removed.

The no ip route command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ip route enable command

The ip route enable command enables a static route. The syntax for the ip route enable command is:

ip route <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> <O.P.Q.R> enable

The following table describes the parameters for this command.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

62 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip route enable parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address of the destination point of the route

<W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address of the destination node

<O.P.Q.R> Enter the IP address of the next hop of the route

The ip route enable command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ip route disable command

The ip route disable command disables a static route. The syntax for the ip route disable command is:

ip route <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> <O.P.Q.R> disable

being enabled.

for the route being enabled.

being enabled.

The following table describes the parameters for this command.

ip route disable parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address of the destination point of the route

being disabled. <W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address of the destination node

for the route being disabled. <O.P.Q.R> Enter the IP address of the next hop of the route

being disabled.

The ip route disable command is executedin the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

traceroute command

The traceroute command displays the route taken by IP packets to a speciﬁed host.

Note: The traceroute command, when applied to a stack, can be executed only on the base unit.

TIP: Type CTRL+C to interrupt the command. The syntax for the traceroute command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 63

traceroute <Hostname|A.B.C.D.|ip> <-m> <-p> <-q> <-v> <-w> <1-1464>

The following table describes the parameters for this command.

traceroute parameters

Parameter Description

Hostname Enter the name of the remote host. A.B.C.D. Enter the A.B.C.D. name of the remote host. ip Enter the IP address of the remote host.

-m

-p

-q

-v

-w

Speciﬁes the maximum time to live (ttl). The value for this parameter is in the rage from 1-255. The default value is 10. Example: traceroute 10.3.2.134 -m 10

Speciﬁes the base UDP port number. The value for this parameter is in the range from 0-65535. Example: traceroute 1.2.3.4 -p 87

Speciﬁes the number of probes per time to live. The value for this parameter is in the range from 1-255. The default value is 3. Example: traceroute 10.3.2.134 -q 3

Speciﬁes verbose mode. Example: traceroute 10.3.2.134 -v

Speciﬁes the wait time per probe. The value for this parameter is in the range from 1-255. The default value is 5 seconds. Example: traceroute 10.3.2.134 -w 15

<1-1464>

ip route weight command

The ip route weight command changes the weight, or cost, of a static route.

The syntax for the ip route weight command is:

ip route <A.B.C.D> <W.X.Y.Z> <O.P.Q.R> weight <1-65535>

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

ip route weight parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter IP address of the destination point of the route

<W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address of the destination node

Speciﬁes the UDP probe packet size. TIP: probe packet size is 40 plus speciﬁed data length in bytes. Example: traceroute 10.3.2.134 -w 60

being modiﬁed.

for the route being modiﬁed.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

64 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

Parameter Description

<O.P.Q.R> Enter the IP address of the next hop of the route

<1 - 65535>

The ip route weight command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) commands

Use the CLI to display, create, conﬁgure, and remove ARP entries.

show arp command

The show arp-table command displays ARP entries. The syntax for the show arp-table command is:

show arp-table [<A.B.C.D>]

Substitute <A.B.C.D> above with the IP address of the ARP table to be displayed.

being modiﬁed.

Enter the new weight, or cost, of the static route.

The show arp-table command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

show ip arp command

The show ip arp command displays the IP addresses of ARP entries. The syntax for the show ip arp command is:

show ip arp [<-s> <A.B.C.D.|W.X.Y.Z.>] [<static>]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

show ip arp parameters

Parameter Description

-s

<A.B.C.D> Specify the IP address of the ARP entry to be

<W.X.Y.Z> Enter subnet mask address in dotted decimal

static Display the software ARP table - all conﬁgured static

Specify the subnet of the ARP entries to be

displayed.

displayed. This option is invalid if the switch is not in

Layer 3 mode.

notation.

entries, including those without a valid route.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 65

The show ip arp command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

show ip arp static command

The show ip arp static command displays all conﬁgured static entries in an ARP table, including those without a valid route.

The syntax for the show ip arp static command is:

show ip arp static

The show ip arp static command can be executed in any command mode.

show ip arp static command output

IP ARP

IP Address Age (min) MAC Address VLAN-Unit/Port/Trunk Flags

10.3.2.198 0 00:00:00:00:01:99 Total ARP entries: 1 Flags Legend: S=Static, D=Dynamic, L=Local, B=Broadcast

ip arp command

The ip arp command creates and enables a static ARP entry. The requested information for connection to the device must be supplied.

The syntax for the ip arp command is:

ip arp <A.B.C.D> <aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff> <unit / port> [vid <1-4094>]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

ip arp parameters

Parameters Description

<A.B.C.D> Enter the IP address of the device being set as a

static ARP entry. <aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff> Enter the MAC address of the device being set as

a static ARP entry.

VLAN#1-1/1 S

<unit / port> Enter the unit and port number of the device being

vid <1 - 4094> Enter the VLAN ID to which the static ARP entry

The ip arp command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

set as a static ARP entry.

is being added to.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

66 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

no ip arp command

The no ip arp command removes an ARP entry. The syntax for the no ip arp command is:

no ip arp <A.B.C.D>

Substitute <A.B.C.D> above with the IP address of the static ARP entry to remove.

The no ip arp command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ip arp timeout command

The ip arp timeout command conﬁgures an aging time for the ARP entries.

The syntax for the ip arp timeout command is:

ip arp timeout <5-360>

Substitute <5-360> above with the amount of time in minutes before an ARP entry ages out. The default value is 360 minutes.

The ip arp timeout command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Proxy ARP commands

This section outlines the commands used to conﬁgure and manage Proxy ARP on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series.

ip arp-proxy command

The ip arp-proxy command is used to enable proxy ARP functionality on the switch

The syntax of the ip arp-proxy command is:

ip arp-proxy enable

The ip arp-proxy command is executed in the Layer 3 IP VLAN Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip arp-proxy command

The no ip arp-proxy command is used to disable proxy ARP functionality on the switch.

The syntax of the no ip arp-proxy command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 67

no ip arp-proxy [enable]

The no ip arp-proxy command is executed in the Layer 3 IP VLAN Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip arp-proxy command

The default ip arp-proxy command is used to return the switch to the default proxy ARP settings.

The syntax of the default ip arp-proxy command is:

default ip arp-proxy [enable]

The default ip arp-proxy command is executed in the Layer 3 IP VLAN Interface Conﬁguration mode.

show ip arp-proxy interface command

The show ip arp-proxy interface command is used to display the status of proxy ARP on an interface.

The syntax of the show ip arp-proxy interface command is:

show ip arp-proxy interface [vlan <vlan_id>]

The show ip arp-proxy interface command is executed in the User EXEC mode.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) commands

This section describes the CLI commands used to conﬁgure and manage the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. RIP is a distance vector protocol used to dynamically discover network routes based on information passed between routers in the network. RIP is useful in network environments where using static route administration would be difﬁcult.

router rip enable command

The router rip enable command is used to globally enable RIP on the switch. RIP must be globally enabled on the switch before it becomes operational.

The syntax of the router rip enable command is:

router rip enable

The router rip enable command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

68 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

router rip command

The router rip command is used to enter the Router Conﬁguration mode for RIP. Router Conﬁguration mode is used to conﬁgure various aspects of RIP, OSPF (router ospf command), and VRRP (router vrrp command).

The syntax of the router rip command is:

router rip

The router rip command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

network command

The network command is used to enable RIP on an IP interface. The syntax of the network command is:

network <ip_address>

The <ip_address> parameter represents the IP address of the interface to be conﬁgured.

The network command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no network command

The no network command is used to disable RIP on an IP interface. The syntax of the no network command is:

no network <ip_address>

The <ip_address> parameter represents the IP address of the interface to be disabled.

The no network command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

timers basic holddown command

The timers basic holddown command is used to set the RIP holddown timer.

The syntax of the timers basic holddown command is:

timers basic holddown <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter represents a value between 0 and 360 seconds.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 69

The timers basic holddown command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

timers basic timeout command

The timers basic timeout command is used to set the RIP timeout timer.

The syntax of the timers basic timeout command is:

timers basic timeout <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter represents a value between 15 and 259200 seconds.

The timers basic timeout command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

timers basic update command

The timers basic update command is used to set the RIP update timer. The syntax of the timers basic update command is:

timers basic update <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter represents a value between 0 and 360 seconds.

The default timers basic update command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip advertise-when-down command

The ip rip advertise-when-down command is used to enable RIP advertisements on the interface being conﬁgured even when that interface is not operational. The subnet on which the switch has a RIP enabled interface is advertised even if that particular network is no longer connected (no link in the connected VLAN is in the Link-Up state). This setting will take effect whenever the value is changed by the user or after the ﬁrst Link-Down transition.

The syntax of the ip rip advertise-when-down command is:

ip rip advertise-when-down {enable}

Advertise when down functionality is disabled by default. The ip rip advertise-when-down command is executed in the

Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

70 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

no ip rip advertise-when-down command

The ip rip advertise-when-down command is used to disable RIP advertisements on the interface being conﬁgured even when that interface is not operational.

The syntax of the no ip rip advertise-when-down command is:

no ip rip advertise-when-down {enable}

The no ip rip advertise-when-down command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip auto-aggregation command

The ip rip auto-aggregation command is used to enable auto aggregation on the RIP interface. This allows for the automatic aggregation of routes to their natural net mask when they are advertised on an interface in a different class network.

The syntax of the ip rip auto-aggregation command is:

ip rip auto-aggregation {enable}

Auto aggregation is disabled by default. The ip rip auto-aggregation command is executed in the Interface

Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip auto-aggregation command

The no ip rip auto-aggregation command is used to disable auto-aggregation on the RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip auto-aggregation command is:

no ip rip auto-aggregation {enable}

The no ip rip auto-aggregation command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip cost command

The ip rip cost command is used to set the administrative path cost of the interface.

The syntax of the ip rip cost command is:

ip rip cost <path_cost>

The <path_cost> parameter represents a value between 1 and 15. The default path cost is 1.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 71

The ip rip cost command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip default-listen command

The ip rip default-listen command is used to enable the acceptance of default route advertisements.

The syntax of the ip rip default-listen command is:

ip rip default-listen {enable}

The ip rip default-listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip default-listen command

The no ip rip default-listen command is used to disable the acceptance of default route advertisements.

The syntax of the no ip rip default-listen command is:

no ip rip default-listen {enable}

The no ip rip default-listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip default-supply command

The ip rip default-supply command is used to enable the advertisement of default routes on the interface.

The syntax of the ip rip default-supply command is:

ip rip default-supply {enable}

The ip rip default-supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip default-supply command

The no ip rip default-supply command is used to disable the advertisement of default routes on the interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip default-supply command is:

no ip rip default-supply {enable}

The no ip rip default-supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

72 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip rip holddown command

The ip rip holddown command is used to set the value of the holddown timer on the RIP interface.

The syntax of the ip rip holddown command is:

ip rip holddown <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter is an integer value between 0 and 360 seconds.

The ip rip holddown command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip in-policy command

The ip rip in-policy command is used to add an in policy to this RIP interface.

The syntax of the ip rip in-policy command is:

ip rip in-policy <policy_name>

The <policy_name> parameter represents the name of a previously conﬁgured switch policy.

The ip rip in-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip in-policy command

The no ip rip in-policy command is used to remove a in policy for the RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip in-policy command is:

no ip rip in-policy <policy_name>

The <policy_name> parameter represents the name of a previously conﬁgured switch policy.

The no ip rip in-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip listen command

The ip rip listen command is used to allow this interface to listen for RIP advertisements.

The syntax of the ip rip listen command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 73

ip rip listen {enable}

The ip rip listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip listen command

The no ip rip listen command is used to prevent this interface from listening for RIP advertisements.

The syntax of the no ip rip listen command is:

ip rip listen {enable}

The no ip rip listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip out-policy command

The ip rip out-policy command is used to add an out policy to this RIP interface.

The syntax of the ip rip out-policy command is:

ip rip out-policy <policy_name>

The <policy_name> parameter represents the name of a previously conﬁgured switch policy.

The ip rip out-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip out-policy command

The no ip rip out-policy command is used to remove an out policy from the RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip out-policy command is:

no ip rip out-policy <policy_name>

The <policy_name> parameter represents the name of a previously conﬁgured switch policy.

The no ip rip out-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip poison command

The ip rip poison command is used to enable poison reverse on this RIP interface.

The syntax of the ip rip poison command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

74 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip rip poison {enable}

The ip rip poison command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip poison command

The no ip rip poison command is used to disable poison reverse on this RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip poison command is:

no ip rip poison {enable}

The no ip rip poison command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip proxy-announce command

The ip rip proxy-announce command is used to enable proxy announcements on this RIP interface. When proxy announcements are enabled, the source of a route and its next hop are treated as the same when processing received updates. So, instead of the advertising router being used as the source, the next hop is.

The syntax of the ip rip proxy-announce command is:

ip rip proxy-announce {enable}

Proxy announcements are disabled by default. The ip rip proxy-announce command is executed in the Interface

Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip proxy-announce command

The no ip rip proxy-announce command is used to disable proxy announcements on this RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip proxy-announce command is:

no ip rip proxy-announce {enable}

The no ip rip proxy-announce command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip receive command

The ip rip receive command is used to set the RIP version received on this interface.

The syntax of the ip rip receive command is:

ip rip receive version <rip_version>

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 75

The <rip_version> parameter indicates the RIP version. The valid values for this parameter are:

•

rip1

•

rip1orrip2

•

rip2

The ip rip receive command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip send command

The ip rip send command is used to set the RIP version sent on this interface.

The syntax of the ip rip send command is:

ip rip send version <rip_version>

The <rip_version> parameter indicates the RIP version. The valid values for this parameter are:

•

notsend

•

rip1

•

rip1comp

•

rip2

The ip rip send command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip supply command

The ip rip supply command is used to enable RIP route advertisement on this interface.

The syntax of the ip rip supply command is:

ip rip supply {enable}

The ip rip supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip supply command

The no ip rip supply command is used to disable RIP route advertisement on this interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip supply command is:

no ip rip supply {enable}

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

76 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

The no ip rip supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip timeout command

The ip rip timeout command is used to set the RIP timeout value on this interface.

The syntax of the ip rip timeout command is:

ip rip timeout <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter is an integer value between 15 and 259200 seconds.

The default timeout value is 180 seconds. The command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip rip triggered command

The ip rip triggered command is used to enable triggered updates on this RIP interface.

The syntax of the ip rip triggered command is:

ip rip triggered {enable}

The ip rip triggered command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no ip rip triggered command

The no ip rip triggered command is used to disable triggered updates on this RIP interface.

The syntax of the no ip rip triggered command is:

no ip rip triggered {enable}

The no ip rip triggered command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

show ip rip command

The show ip rip command is used to display conﬁguration and statistical information about RIP.

The syntax of the show ip rip command is:

show ip rip [interface]

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 77

Use the interface key word to display RIP statistics by interface. Omission of this key word displays general RIP information

The show ip rip command is executedin the Global Conﬁguration mode.

default router rip command

The default router rip command is used to return the switch to the default global RIP state (disabled).

The syntax of the default router rip command is:

default router rip enable

The default router rip command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default default-metric command

The default default-metric command is used to return the switch to the factory default RIP default import metric.

The syntax of the default default-metric command is:

default default-metric

The default default-metric command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default timers basic holddown command

The default timers basic holddown command is used to return the switch to the factory default RIP holddown timer.

The syntax of the default timers basic holddown command is:

default timers basic holddown

The default timers basic holddown command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default timers basic timeout command

The default timers basic timeout command is used to return the switch to the factory default RIP timeout timer.

The syntax of the default timers basic timeout command is:

default timers basic timeout

The default timers basic timeout command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

78 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

default timers basic update command

The default timers basic update command is used to return the switch to the factory default RIP update timer.

The syntax of the default timers basic update command is:

default timers basic update

The default timers basic update command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default-metric command

The default-metric command is used to set the default RIP metric value.

The syntax of the default-metric command is:

default-metric <metric_value>

The <metric_value> parameter is an integer value between 0 and 15. The default-metric command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration

mode.

default ip rip advertise-when-down command

The default ip rip advertise-when-down command is used to restore the default RIP advertise when down setting for the interface (disabled).

The syntax of the default ip rip advertise-when-down command is:

default ip rip advertise-when-down enable

The default ip rip advertise-when-down command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip auto-aggregation command

The default ip rip auto-aggregation command is used to restore the default RIP auto aggregation setting for the interface (disabled).

The syntax of the default ip rip auto-aggregation command is:

default ip rip auto-aggregation enable

The default ip rip auto-aggregation command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 79

default ip rip cost command

The default ip rip cost command is used to restore the default RIP costing settings for the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip cost command is:

The default ip rip cost command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip default-listen command

The default ip rip default-listen command is used to restore the default RIP route listening setting for the interface (disabled).

The syntax of the default ip rip default-listen command is:

default ip rip default-listen enable

The default ip rip default-listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip default-supply command

The default ip rip default-supply command is used to restore the default RIP route advertisement setting for the interface (disabled).

The syntax of the default ip rip default-supply command is:

default ip rip default-supply enable

The default ip rip default-supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip enable command

The default ip rip enable command is used to globally disable RIP on the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip enable command is:

default ip rip enable

The default ip rip enable command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

80 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

default ip rip holddown command

The default ip rip holddown command is used to restore the default RIP holddown setting for the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip holddown command is:

default ip rip holddown

The default ip rip holddown command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip in-policy command

The default ip rip in-policy command is used to delete the in policy associated with this interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip in-policy command is:

default ip rip in-policy <policy_name>

The default ip rip in-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip listen command

The default ip rip listen command is used to set the ip rip listen to the default value which is enabled.

The syntax of the default ip rip listen command is:

default ip rip listen enable

The default ip rip listen command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip out-policy command

The default ip rip out-policy command is used to delete the out policy associated with this interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip out-policy command is:

default ip rip out-policy <policy_name>

The default ip rip out-policy command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip poison command

The default ip rip poison command is used to disable RIP poison reverse on the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip poison command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 81

default ip rip poison enable

The default ip rip poison command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip proxy-announce command

The default ip rip proxy-announce command is used to disable proxy announcement on the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip proxy-announce command is:

default ip rip proxy-announce enable

The default ip rip proxy-announce command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip receive command

The default ip rip receive command is used to set the default RIP version to listen to on this interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip receive command is:

default ip rip receive <rip_version>

The default ip rip receive command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip send command

The default ip rip send command is used to set the default RIP version to send on this interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip send command is:

default ip rip send <rip_version>

The default ip rip send command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip supply command

The default ip rip supply command is used to set ip rip supply to the default value which is enabled.

The syntax of the default ip rip supply command is:

default ip rip supply enable

The default ip rip supply command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

82 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

default ip rip timeout command

The default ip rip timeout command is used to restore the default RIP timeout setting for the interface.

The syntax of the default ip rip timeout command is:

default ip rip timeout

The default ip rip timeout command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

default ip rip triggered command

The default ip rip triggered command is used disabled triggered updates on this switch.

The syntax of the default ip rip triggered command is:

default ip rip triggered enable

The default ip rip triggered command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) commands

This section describes the CLI commands used to conﬁgure and manage the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol on the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series. The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Protocol is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that distributes routing information between routers belonging to a single autonomous system (AS). Intended for use in large networks, OSPF is a link-state protocol which supports IP subnetting and the tagging of externally-derived routing information.

Note: OSPFcommands used during the conﬁguration and management of VLANs in the Interface Conﬁguration mode can be used to conﬁgure any VLAN regardless of the one used to log into the command mode. Insert the keyword vlan with the number of the VLAN to be conﬁgured after the command keywords ip ospf. The current VLAN will remain at the one used to log into the Interface Conﬁguration command mode after the command execution.

ip ospf apply accept command

The ip ospf apply accept command is used to apply OSPF accept policies to the switch.

The syntax of the ip ospf apply accept command is:

ip ospf apply accept

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 83

The ip ospf apply accept command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf apply redistribute direct command

The ip ospf apply redistribute direct command is used to apply only direct OSPF redistribution conﬁguration to the switch.

The syntax of the ip ospf apply redistribute direct command is:

ip ospf apply redistribute direct

The ip ospf apply redistribute direct command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf apply redistribute rip command

The ip ospf apply redistribute rip command is used to apply only RIP OSPF redistribution conﬁguration on the switch.

The syntax of the ip ospf apply redistribute rip command is:

ip ospf apply redistribute rip

The ip ospf apply redistribute rip command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf apply redistribute static command

The ip ospf apply redistribute static command is used to apply only static OSPF redistribution conﬁguration on the switch.

The syntax of the ip ospf apply redistribute static command is:

ip ospf apply redistribute static

The ip ospf apply redistribute static command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf spf-run command

The ip ospf spf-run command is used to immediately initiate an SPF run upon holddown timer expiration to update the link state database.

The syntax of the ip ospf spf-run command is:

ip ospf spf-run

The ip ospf spf-run command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

84 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

router ospf enable command

The router ospf enable command is used to enable OSPF globally on the switch.

The syntax of the router ospf enable command is:

router ospf enable

The router ospf enable command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

no router ospf enable command

The no router ospf enable command is used to disable OSPF globally on the switch.

The syntax of the no router ospf enable command is:

no router ospf enable

The no router ospf enable command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

router ospf command

The router ospf command is used to place the switch into Router Conﬁguration mode for the purposes of OSPF conﬁguration.

The syntax of the router ospf command is:

router ospf

The router ospf command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

default router ospf command

The default router ospf command is used to return the switch to the default OSPF setting; which is disabled.

The syntax of the default router ospf command is:

default router ospf enable

The default router ospf command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration mode.

accept adv-rtr command

The accept adv-rtr command is used to conﬁgure the router to accept advertisements from another router in the system.

The syntax of the accept adv-rtr command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 85

accept adv-rtr <router_ip_address> [enable] [metric-type {any | type1 | type2}] [route-policy {policy_name}]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

accept adv-rtr parameters

Parameter Description

router_ip_address This parameter represents the IP address of the router

advertisements will be accepted from. The value 0.0.0.0 denotes that advertisements from all routers will be accepted.

enable Enables the accept entry for the router speciﬁed in the

<ip_address> parameter.

metric-type {any | type1 | type2}

route-policy {policy_name}

Indicates the type of OSPF external routes that will be accepted from this router.

Speciﬁes the name of the route policy to be used for ﬁltering external routes advertised by the speciﬁed advertising router before accepting them into the routing table.

The accept adv-rtr command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no accept adv-rtr command

The no accept adv-rtr command is used to conﬁgure the router to not accept advertisements from another router in the system.

The syntax of the no accept adv-rtr command is:

no accept adv-rtr <router_ip_address> enable

The <router_ip_address> parameter represents the address of the router from which advertisements will no longer be accepted. The value 0.0.0.0 denotes that advertisements from all routers will be blocked.

The no accept adv-rtr command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

area command

The area command is used to conﬁgure OSPF area parameters. The syntax of the area command is:

area <ip_address> [default-cost {0-16777215}] [import {external | noexternal | nssa}] [import-summaries {enable}] [range {subnet_mask} [{nssa-entlink | summary-link}]

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

86 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

[advertise-mode {no-summarize | summarize | suppress}] [advertise-metric {0-65535}]]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

area parameters

Parameter Description ip_address Speciﬁes the Area ID expressed as IP address (A.B.C.D). default-cost

{0-16777215} import {external |

noexternal | nssa} import-summaries

{enable} range {subnet_mask}

[{nssa-entlink | summary-link}] [advertise-mode { no-summarize | summarize | suppress}] [advertise-metric {0-65535}]

The default cost associated with an OSPF stub area.

The area’s support for importing Autonomous System external link state advertisements.

Controls the import of summary link state advertisements into stub areas. This setting has no effect on other areas.

Used to specify range parameters for the OSPF area.

The area command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

Note: The conﬁguration of a totally stubby area (no summary advertising) is a two step process. First, deﬁne an area with the import ﬂag set to noexternal. Second, disable import summaries in the same area with the command no area <ip_address> import-summaries enable.

no area command

The no area command is used to disable conﬁgured OSPF area parameters.

The syntax of the no area command is:

no area <ip_address> [import-summaries {enable} | range {subnet_mask} {nssa-entlink | summary-link}]

The following table outlines the parameters for this command.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 87

no area parameters

Parameter Description

ip_address Speciﬁes the Area ID expressed as IP address (A.B.C.D). import-summaries

{enable} range {subnet_mask}

{nssa-entlink | summary-link}

Controls the import of summary link state advertisements into stub areas. This setting has no effect on other areas.

Used to specify range parameters for the OSPF area.

The no area command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

Note: The conﬁguration of a totally stubby area (no summary advertising) is a two step process. First, deﬁne an area with the import ﬂag set to

noexternal. Second, disable import summaries in the same area with the command no area <ip_address> import-summaries enable.

as-boundary-router command

The as-boundary-router command is used to denote a router as an Autonomous System Boundary Router.

The syntax of the as-boundary-router command is:

as-boundary-router {enable}

The as-boundary-router command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no as-boundary-router command

The no as-boundary-router command is used to withdraw a router as an Autonomous System Boundary Router.

The syntax of the no as-boundary-router command is:

no as-boundary-router {enable}

The no as-boundary-router command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default-cost ethernet command

The default-cost ethernet command is used to deﬁne the default cost metric of an ethernet (10 Mbps) port.

The syntax of the default-cost ethernet command is:

default-cost ethernet <metric_value>

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

88 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

The <metric_value> parameter represents the cost value to assign to the port. This value is an integer between 1 and 65535.

The default-cost ethernet command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default-cost fast-ethernet command

The default-cost fast-ethernet command is used to deﬁne the default cost metric of a fast ethernet (100 Mbps) port.

The syntax of the default-cost fast-ethernet command is:

default-cost fast-ethernet <metric_value>

The <metric_value> parameter represents the cost value to assign to the port. This value is an integer between 1 and 65535.

The default-cost fast-ethernet command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default-cost gig-ethernet command

The default-cost gig-ethernet command is used to deﬁne the default cost metric of a gig ethernet (1000 Mbps) port.

The syntax of the default-cost gig-ethernet command is:

default-cost gig-ethernet <metric_value>

The <metric_value> parameter represents the cost value to assign to the port. This value is an integer between 1 and 65535.

The default-cost gig-ethernet command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

default-cost ten-gig-ethernet command

The default-cost ten-gig-ethernet command is used to deﬁne the default cost metric of a ten gig ethernet (10000 Mbps) port.

The syntax of the default-cost ten-gig-ethernet command is:

default-cost ten-gig-ethernet <metric_value>

The <metric_value> parameter represents the cost value to assign to the port. This value is an integer between 1 and 65535.

The default-cost ten-gig-ethernet command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 89

host-route command

Use the host-route command to add a host to a router. For more information about host routes, see "OSPF host route" (page 29).

The syntax for the host-route command is:

host-route <A.B.C.D.> metric <0-65535>

where <A.B.C.D.> is the host IP address and metric is an integer between 0 and 65535 representing the conﬁgured cost of the host

The host-route command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no host-route command

Use the no host-route command to delete a host from a router. The syntax for the no host-route command is:

no host-route <A.B.C.D.>

where <A.B.C.D.> is the host IP address The no host-route command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration

mode.

network command

The network command is used to enable OSPF routing on an interface and assign an OSPF interface to an area.

The syntax of the network command is:

network <ip_address> [area <ip_address>]

The following table describes the parameters of this command.

network parameters

Field Description

<ip_address> The IP address of interface to be enabled for OSPF routing. area <area_Id> The area assigned to the interface.

The network command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no network command

The no network command is used to disable OSPF routing on an interface.

The syntax of the no network command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

90 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

no network <ip_address>

The <ip_address> parameter represents the IP address of the interface to be disabled.

The no network command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

redistribute command

The redistribute command is used to conﬁgure OSPF route redistribution. Direct, RIP, and static route redistribution is currently supported.

The syntax of the redistribute command is:

redistribute <route_type> [enable] [metric <metric_value>] [metric-type <metric_type>] [route-policy <policy_name>] [subnets <subnet_setting>]

The parameters for this command are listed below.

redistribute parameters

Parameters Description

<route_type>

<metric_value> The metric value to associate with the route redistribution.

<metric_type> The metric type to associate with the route redistribution.

<policy_name> The route policy to associate with route redistribution.

<subnet_setting> The subnet advertisement setting of this route

The type of route to be conﬁgured. Valid options are direct, rip, and static.

This is an integer value between 0 and 65535.

Valid options are type1 and type2.

This is the name of an existing route policy.

redistribution. This determines whether individual subnets are advertised. Valid options are allow and suppress.

The redistribute command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no redistribute command

The no redistribute command is used to disable an OSPF route policy or OSPF route redistribution completely.

The syntax of the no redistribute command is:

redistribute <route_type> [enable] [route-policy <policy_name>]

The parameters for this command are listed below.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 91

no redistribute parameters

Parameters Description

<route_type>

<policy_name> The route policy to remove from the route redistribution.

The type of route to be conﬁgured. Valid options are direct, rip, and static.

This is the name of an existing route policy.

The no redistribute command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

rfc1583-compatibility command

The rfc1583-compatibility command is used to enable compatibility for RFC 1583 in the switch OSPF implementation.

The syntax of the rfc1583-compatibility command is:

rfc1583-compatibility enable

The rfc1583-compatibility command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no rfc1583-compatibility command

The no rfc1583-compatibility command is used to disable compatibility for RFC 1583 in the switch OSPF implementation.

The syntax of the no rfc1583-compatibility command is:

no rfc1583-compatibility enable

The no rfc1583-compatibility command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

router-id command

The router-id command is used to set the identiﬁer to the user-conﬁgured router ID, which is expressed in the form of an IP address.

The syntax of the router-id command is:

router-id <router_id>

The <router_id> parameter is used as the unique identiﬁer for the router. The router-id command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no router-id command

The no router-id command is used to reset the router ID to 0.0.0.0.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

92 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

The syntax of the no router-id command is:

no router-id

The no router-id command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

timers basic holddown command

The timers basic holddown command is used to conﬁgure the OSPF holddown timer.

The syntax of the timers basic holddown command is:

timers basic holddown <timer_value>

The <timer_value> parameter represents a second value between 3 and 60 seconds.

The command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

trap command

The trap command is used to enable OSPF system traps. The syntax of the trap command is:

trap enable

The trap command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no trap command

The no trap command is used to disable OSPF system traps. The syntax of the no trap command is:

no trap enable

The no trap command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

area virtual-link command

Use the area virtual-link command to create a virtual interface. The syntax for the area virtual-link command is:

area virtual-link <A.B.C.D.> <W.X.Y.Z> {[authentication-key <WORD>] [authentication-type {none|simple|message-digest}] [primary-md5-key <1-255>] [dead-interval <0-2147483647>] [hello-interval <1-65535>] [retransmit-interval <0-3600>] [transit-delay <0-3600>]

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 93

area virtual-link parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D.> Speciﬁesthe transit area ID expressed as an IP address. <A.B.C.D./0-32> Speciﬁes the neighbor router ID expressed as an IP

address.

authentication-key <WORD>

Speciﬁes the unique identiﬁer assigned to the authentication key.

authentication-type Speciﬁes one of the following authentication types:

•

none

•

simple

•

password

• message digest MD5

TIP: Up to 2 MD5 keys are allowed for message digest. The default authentication type is none.

primary-md5-key Speciﬁes the user-selected key used to encrypt OSPF

protocol packets for transmission.

dead-interval Speciﬁes the time interval, in seconds, that a Hello

packethas not been transmitted from the virtual interface before its neighbors declare it down. Expressed as an integer from 0-2147483647, the default dead interval value is 60 seconds.

hello-interval Speciﬁes the time interval, in seconds, between

transmission of Hello packets from the virtual interface. Expressed as an integer from 1-65535, the hello-interval default value is 10 seconds.

retransmit-interval Speciﬁes the time interval, in seconds, between link

transit-delay Speciﬁes the estimated number of seconds required

The area vitual-link command is executedin the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no area virtual-link command

Use the no area virtual-link command to delete a virtual interface. The syntax for the no area virtual link command is:

stage advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to the virtual interface. Expressed as an integer from 0-3600, the default value is 5 seconds.

to transmit a link state update packet over the virtual interface. Expressed as an integer from 0-3600, the default value is 1 second.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

94 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

no area virtual-link <A.B.C.D.> <W.X.Y.Z> [authenticationkey]

no area virtual-link command parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D.> Speciﬁes the transit area Id expressed as an IP address. <W.X.Y.Z> Speciﬁes the neighbor router ID expressed as an IP

address.

authentication-key Speciﬁes the unique identiﬁer assigned to the

authentication key

The no area virtual-link command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

area virtual-link message-digest-key command

Use the area virtual-link message-digest-key command to create a virtual interface message digest key.

The syntax for the area virtual-link message-digest-key command is:

area virtual-link message-digest-key <A.B.C.D.> <A.B.C.D./032> <1-255> md5-key <WORD>

area virtual-link message-digest key command parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D.> Speciﬁes the transit area Id expressed as an IP address. <W.X.Y.Z> Speciﬁes the neighbor router ID expressed as an IP

address.

<1-255>

md5-key <WORD> Speciﬁes the user-selected key used to encrypt OSPF

Speciﬁes the primary MD5 key value, expressed as an integer from 1-255.

protocol packets for transmission.

The area virtual-link message-digest-key command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no area virtual-link message-digest-key command

Use the no area virtual-link message-digest-key command to delete a virtual interface message digest key.

The syntax for the no area virtual-link message-digest-key command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 95

no area virtual-link message-digest-key <A.B.C.D.> <W.X.Y.Z> <1-255>

no area virtual-link message-digest-key command parameters

Parameter Description

<A.B.C.D.> Speciﬁesthe transit area ID expressed as an IP address. <W.X.Y.Z> Speciﬁes the neighbor router ID expressed as an IP

address.

<1-255>

Speciﬁes the primary MD5 key value, expressed as an integer from 1-255.

The no area virtual-link message-digest-key command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

auto-vlink command

Use the auto-vlink command to enable global automatic Virtual Link creation. For more information about Virtual Link, see "OSPF virtual link" (page 31)

The syntax for the auto-vlink command is:

auto-vlink

The auto-vlink command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

no auto-vlink command

Use the no auto-vlink command to disable global automatic Virtual Link creation.

The syntax for the no auto-vlink command is:

no auto-vlink

The no auto-vlink command is executed in the Router Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf advertise-when-down command

The ip ospf advertise-when-down command is used to enable advertisement of the OSPF interface evenwhen the interfaceis operationally unavailable.

The syntax of the ip ospf advertise-when-down command is:

ip ospf advertise-when-down enable

The ip ospf advertise-when-down command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

96 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip ospf area command

The ip ospf area command is used to assign an interface to an OSPF area.

The syntax of the ip ospf area command is:

ip ospf area <ip_address>

The <ip_address> parameter represents the unique ID of the area to which the interface connects. An area ID of 0.0.0.0 indicates the OSPF area backbone and is created automatically by the switch.

The ip ospf area command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf authentication-key command

The ip ospf authentication-key command is used to conﬁgure an interface authentication password.

The syntax of the ip ospf authentication-key command is:

ip opsf authentication-key <password>

The <password> parameter is the password to be conﬁgured. This password can be up to 8 characters in length.

The ip opsf authentication-key command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf authentication-type command

The ip ospf authentication-type command is used to conﬁgure the interface authentication type.

The syntax of the ip ospf authentication-type command is:

ip ospf authentication-type {message-digest | simple | none}

The ip ospf authentication-type command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf cost command

The ip ospf cost command is used to assign a cost to an interface. The syntax of the ip ospf cost command is:

ip ospf cost <interface_cost>

The <interface_cost> parameter is the cost assigned to the interface. This is an integer value between 1 and 65535.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 97

The ip ospf cost command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf dead-interval command

The ip ospf dead-interval command is used to conﬁgure a dead interval for the interface. This is the interval of time that a Hello packet has not been transmitted from this interface before its neighbors declare it down.

The syntax of the ip ospf dead-interval command is:

ip ospf dead-interval <interval>

The <interval> parameter represents the amount of time in seconds to set this interval at. This is an integer value between 0 and 2147483647.

The ip ospf dead-interval command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf hello-interval command

The ip ospf hello-interval command is used to conﬁgure the amount of time between transmission of hello packets from this interface.

The syntax of the ip ospf hello-interval command is:

ip ospf hello-interval <interval>

The <interval> parameter is the amount of time in seconds between hello packets. This is an integer value between 1 and 65535.

The ip ospf hello-interval command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf mtu-ignore command

The ip ospf mtu-ignore command is used to instruct the interface to ignore the packet MTU size speciﬁed in Database Descriptors.

The syntax of the ip ospf mtu-ignore command is:

ip ospf mtu-ignore enable

The ip ospf mtu-ignore command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf network command

The ip ospf network command is used to deﬁne the type of OSPF interface this interface is.

The syntax of the ip ospf network command is:

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

98 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

ip ospf network {broadcast | passive}

The ip ospf network command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf primary-md5-key command

The ip ospf primary-md5-key command is used to conﬁgure the primary MD5 key to use for authentication in instances where interface authentication uses an MD5 key.

The syntax of the ip ospf primary-md5-key command is:

ip ospf primary-md5-key <key_value>

The <key_value> parameter is an integer value between 1 and 255. The ip ospf primary-md5-key command is executed in the Interface

Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf priority command

The ip ospf priority command is used to assign a priority to the interface for the purposes of Designated Router election.

The syntax of the ip ospf priority command is:

ip ospf priority <priority_value>

The <priority_value> parameter is the priority value assigned to the interface. This is an integer value between 0 and 255.

The ip ospf priority command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf retransmit-interval command

The ip ospf retransmit-interval command is used to deﬁne the number of seconds between link state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to this interface.

The syntax of the ip ospf retransmit-interval command is:

ip ospf retransmit-interval <interval>

The <interval> parameter is the number of seconds between retransmissions. This is an integer value between 0 and 3600.

The ip ospf retransmit-interval command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

IP routing conﬁguration using the CLI 99

ip ospf transmit-delay command

The ip ospf transmit-delay command is used to deﬁne the transmit delay for this OSPF interface.

The syntax of the ip ospf transmit-delay command is:

ip ospf transmit-delay <interval>

The <interval> parameter is the transmit delay in seconds. This is an integer value between 0 and 3600.

The ip ospf transmit-delay command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

ip ospf message-digest-key command

The ip ospf message-digest-key command is used to deﬁne the MD5 keys referenced in the ip ospf primary-md5-key command.

The syntax of the ip ospf message-digest-key command is:

ip ospf message-digest-key <key_number> md5 <key_value>

The <key_number> parameter represents the MD5 key to be conﬁgured. This is an integer value between 1 and 255. The <key_value> parameter represents the value of the key being conﬁgured. This is a string value of up to 16 characters in length.

The ip ospf message-digest-key command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

OSPF show commands

OSPF functionality provides a wide range of commands used to display statistics and conﬁgured parameters for the router. These commands are available for use in any command mode. OSPF Show commands are outlined in the table below.

OSPF show commands

Command

show ip ospf Displays general information on OSPF

show ip ospf accept Displays information on OSPF advertising

show ip ospf area <ip_address>

Description

conﬁguration.

routers. Displays conﬁguration information about the

OSPF area speciﬁed in the <ip_address> parameter. Omitting this parameter displays information for all OSPF areas.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

100 IP Routing Conﬁguration and Management

Command

show ip ospf area-range <ip_address>

Description

Displays conﬁguration information about the OSPF area range speciﬁed in the <ip_address> parameter. Omitting this parameter displays information for all OSPF area ranges.

show ip ospf ase Displays information about the OSPF

Autonomous System external links state advertisements.

show ip ospf default Displays OSPF default metrics associated with

various port types.

show ip ospf default-cost Displays the default costs associated with

various port types.

show ip ospf ifstats <ip_address> {detail | mismatch}

Displays OSPF interface statistics. All parameters for this command are optional. Not specifying an address of an area will display statistics for the backbone area.

show ip ospf int-auth Displays the authentication type and key for

each OSPF interface.

show ip ospf int-timers Displays the conﬁgured timers for each OSPF

interface.

show ip ospf lsdb {adv-rtr <ip_address> | area

Displays the link state database for the selected

parameter. <ip_address> | detail <ip_address> | lsa-type <type> | lsid <ip_address>}

show ip ospf neighbor Displays information about the router’s OSPF

show ip ospf redistribute Displays information about OSPF redistribution

show ip ospf stats Displays OSPF statistics.

show ip ospf timer interface Displays conﬁgured OSPF timers. show ip ospf authentication

interface show ip ospf interface Displays general OSPF interface information. show ip ospf virtual-links Displays OSPF virtual link information. show ip ospf timer virtual-links Displays OSPF transit delay,retransmit interval,

show ip ospf authentication virtual links

neighbors.

policies.

TIP: To clear OSPF statistics counters, execute

the clear ip ospf counters command.

Displays interface MD5 authentication keys.

hello interval and retransmit dead interval

information for the virtual interface.

Displays virtual interface MD5 authentication

keys.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Conﬁguration-IP Routing Protocols

NN47200-503 03.01 Standard

5.1 27 August 2007

Nortel Networks NN47200-503 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Preface

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series

Related publications

Finding the latest updates on the Nortel web site

How to get help

An Introduction to IP Routing Protocols

IP routing

IP addressing

IP routing using VLANs

Brouter port

Management VLAN

Setting IP routing

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

Static routes

Non-local static routes

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol

Route policies

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

Equal Cost MultiPath (ECMP)

UDP broadcast forwarding

Avoiding duplicate IP addresses

IP blocking

IGMP snooping

Layer 3 routable VLANs

Static route commands

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) commands

Proxy ARP commands

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) commands

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) commands