Nortel Networks DCT1900 User Manual

Technical Product Manual

DCT1900 System

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or

any other means without prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Preface

What this manual describes ...

This manual describes how to configure, install, maintain and operate the DCT1900 Cordless Telephone System. It also describes the concepts and the hardware building blocks of the DCT1900 system to provide the reader with general knowledge about the system. Product specifications of the DCT1900 system products are also included.

Who should use this manual ...

This manual is written for telecommunication system managers, and people involved in planning, operation, installation and maintenance of the DCT1900 system.

It should be noted that only certified installers should be allowed to install and maintain the DCT1900 System. Therefore, the information contained in this manual is directed to personnel who have been properly trained and certified.

Where to find what ...

This manual is divided by means of separators into sections. Section 1 Safety and Regulatory Information

Contains regulatory information, and information on how to handle Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD) and lithium batteries.

Section 2 System Description

A general system description that includes the concept, capacity, characteristics, and hardware building blocks of the DCT1900. It also contains information about the numbering conventions for cabinets, system boards, peripherals and Base Stations.

Section 3 Product Specifications

Contains environmental/general specifications and compliance to regulations and standards for each product where applicable.

Section 4 Configuration Directions

This section gives detailed information on how to configure a DCT1900 system based on the user requirements, i.e. number of Base Stations, power supplies, system boards, cables and system limitations.

Section 5 Installation Instructions

Contains all necessary information to install the DCT1900 system. It includes information about required tools, firmware, recommended board positions, cabling and cabinets.

Section 6 Commissioning

Describes a series of checks and tests to verify that the system is working correctly after completing installation and initialization instructions.

Section 7 Maintenance

Maintenance is limited to fault finding of defective modules like system boards, Base Stations, fuses, power supplies, Portable Telephones, and cables. This section describes how to

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Preface

maintain the system with the help of the system's internal diagnostics and test facilities, and by using fault finding procedures.

Section 8 Glossary

This section contains abbreviations used in this manual.

Section 9 Appendices

This section includes the following: I -CSMW Installer’s User Guide II -Mini Installation and Maintenance Guide III -9p23 Users Guide IV -DT600 (DARLA) Portable User’s Guide V -DT620 (DIXIE) Portable User’s Guide VI -Remote Access and Remote Programming of the Portable Telephone VII -9p23 Rack Charger Installation

2 Preface-DCT1900/R8/mw

Section 1

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety and Regulatory

Information

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1-2 Electrostatic Sensitive Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

1.3 Lithium Battery on CPU Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

CHAPTER 2

Standards and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1 Standards and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2 Radio Equipment: Handsets and Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.3 Fixed Position System Equipment: Base Stations and Radio Exchange Cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

CHAPTER 3

Protection against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2 ESD Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Table of Contents

Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

CHAPTER 1 Safety

1.1 General

z Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm. z Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for wet

locations.

z Never touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line has been

disconnected at the network interface .

z Note: Avoid touching or punching down the Base Station signal and power pairs as there is

-48Vdc present on these wires at all times.

z Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines. z Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an el ectrical storm. Electric shock

from lightning may occur.

z Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak. z Installation should conform to relevant national installation rules. z The Mo du lar Cab ine t sho u l d be mo un te d in a re str icte d ar ea . z Do not mount the modular cabinet to a drywall using insertable plastic drywall plugs. These

will not safely support the cabinet. See Installation section for recommended mounting.

z Suitable for mounting on concrete or other non-combustible surface only. [This refers to the

floor covering/material beneath the cabinet(s)].

z Disconnect all power sources before servicing equipment. z For the Modular Cabinet use Class II power sources (double insulated, conforms to UL1950,

Uout 15A. The power source must be short circuit protected (15A maximum).

z A readily accessible disconnect device, that is suitably approved and rated, shall be

incorporated in the field wiring.

z Connect to a reliably grounded -48Vdc SELV source. z Use minimum 14 AWG copper conductors. z Service is to be performed by qualified personnel only. z Torque power supply terminal block screws to 7 in. - lbs z The safety status of the different interconnection points of the system are as follows:

- RS232A, RS232B ports: SELV circuits

- Power Failure and General Alarm contacts: SELV circuits

- Digital Trunk Unit (DTU) connections: TNV circuits

- Digital Link Unit (DLU) connections: TNV circuits

- Base Station connections: TNV circuits

- Sync ports Central Processing Unit (CPU): SELV circuits

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Safety

≤ 58 Vdc) only. The power source branch circuit over current protection must be rated

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Safety

1.2 Electrostatic Sensitive Devices

ATTENTION

Boards which contain Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD) are

indicated by the sign. For handling these boards refer to

Chapter 3 "Protection of Microcircuits against Electrostatic

Discharge (ESD)".

1.3 Lithium Battery on CPU Board

The following warning is applicable for the Lithium battery on the CPU board.

DANGER OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS INCORRECTLY REPLACED. REPLACE ONLY WITH THE SAME OR EQUIVALENT TYPE RECOMMENDED BY THE EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER. DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS.

CAUTION!

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Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Standards and Regulations

CHAPTER 2 Standards and Regulations

2.1 Standards and Regulations

The DCT1900 System adheres to the following standards and regulations:

z FCC Part 15 z UL 60950 z UTAM, Inc. z ANSI/IEEE C95.1 z PWT - Personal Wireless Telecommunications

2.2 Radio Equipment: Handsets and Base Stations

z FCC Part 15, Subpart B - "Unintentional Radiators" z FCC Part 15, Subpart D - "FCC Rules for Radio Frequency Devices" z FCC Part 68.316, 68.317 - "FCC Compatibility With Hearing Aids z ANSI/IEEE 95.1 - "Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency

Electromagnetic Fields, 3KHz to 30GHz"

z TR41.6, SP-3614 - "Personal Wireless Telecommunications-Enhanced" z TR41.6, T1A/EIA 662 - "Personal Wireless Telecommunications" z UL 60950

2.3 Fixed Position System Equipment: Base Stations and Radio Exchange Cabinet

z UL 60950 z FCC Part 15 - "FCC Rules for Radio Frequency Devices." z UTAM, Inc. - "Disablement Test Suite and LVP"

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Standards and Regulations

FCC PART 15

THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: 1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE, AND 2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED, INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION.

UTAM REQUIREMENTS

INSTALLATION OF THIS EQUIPMENT IS SUBJECT TO NOTIFICATION AND COORDINA TION WITH UTAM, INC. ANY RELOCATION OF THIS EQUIPMENT MUST BE COORDINA TED THROUGH, AND APPROVED BY UTAM. IF THERE ARE ANY INTERFERENCE PROBLEMS, UTAM MAY BE CONTACTED AT 1800-429-8826 (UTAM).

THIS EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN TESTED AND FOUND TO COMPLY WITH THE LIMITS FOR A CLASS A

DIGITAL DEVICE, PURSUANT TO PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. THESE LIMITS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE REASONABLE PROTECTION AGAINTS HARMFUL INTERFERENCE WHEN THE EQUIPMENT IS OPERATED IN A COMMERCIAL ENVIRONMENT. THIS EQUIPMENT GENERATES, USES, AND CAN RADIATE RADIO FREQUENCY ENERGY AND, IF NOT INSTALLED AND USED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INSTRUCTION MANUAL, MAY CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE TO RADIO COMMUNICATIONS. OPERATION OF THIS EQUIPMENT IN A RESIDENTIAL AREA IS LIKELY TO CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE IN WHICH CASE THE USER WILL BE REQUIRED TO CORRECT THE INTERFERENCE AT HIS OWN EXPENSE.

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Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Standards and Regulations

THE TERM "IC:" BEFORE THE RADIO CERTIFICATION NUMBER ONLY SIGNIFIES THAT INDUSTRY OF CANADA TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION WERE MET.

DO NOT TAMPER WITH THE WARRANTY SEAL ON THE BACK OF YOUR PHONE. TAMPERING WITH THIS SEAL CAN VOID YOUR WARRANTY. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO TAKE YOUR PHONE APART. DOING SO WILL VOID YOUR WARRANTY. YOUR PHONE DOES NOT CONTAIN CONSUMER SERVICEABLE COMPONENTS. SERVICE SHOULD ONLY BE PERFORMED BY AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTERS.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Standards and Regulations

Exposure to Radio Frequency Signals (SAR)

Your wireless phone is a radio transmitter and receiver. It is designed and manufactured not to exceed the emission limit for exposure to radio frequency (RF) energy set by the Federal Communications Commission of the US government and Canada. These limits are part of comprehensive guidelines and established permitted levels of RF energy for the general population. These guidelines are based on the safety standards previously set by both US and international standard bodies.

These standards include a substantial safety margin designed to assure the safety of all persons, regardless of age and health.

The exposure standards for wireless mobile phones employs a unit of measure known as the Specific Absoption Rate, or SAR. The SAR limit set by the FCC and Canada is 1.6W/kg averaged over one gram of tissue.

Tests for SAR are conducted using standard operating positions specified by the FCC with the phone transmitting at its highest certified power level in all tested frequency bands. Although the SAR is determined at the highest certified power level, the actual SAR level of the phone while operating can be well below the maximum value. This is because the phone is designed to operate at multiple power levels.

Before a phone model is available for sale to the public, it must be tested and certified to the FCC that it does not exceed the limit established by government-adopted requirement for safe exposure. The tests are performed in positions and locations (for exampe, at the ear and worn on the body) as required by the FCC for each model. Th e highest SAR value f or this phone when tested for use at the ear is 0.076W/kg, and when worn on the body is 0.018Wkg. (Body worn measurements differ among phones depending upon available accesories and the FCC requirements.) While there may be differences between the SAR levels of various phones and at various positions, they all meet the government requirement for safe exposure.

For body worn operation, to maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure guidelines, use only Ascom approved accessories. When carrying the phone while it is on, use only the specific Ascom belt clip that has been tested for compliance.

Use of non-Ascom-approved accessories may violate the FCC RF exposure guidelines and shoud be avoided.

The FCC has granted an equipment authorization for this Ascom 9p23 phone with all reported SAR levels evaluated as in compliance with the FCC RF emissions guidelines. SAR information on this 9p23 phone is on file with the FCC and can be found under the Display Grant section of http://www.fcc.gov/oet/fccid after searching on FCC ID 04M9p23.

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Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Protection against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

CHAPTER 3 Protection against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

3.1 General

Integrated circuits are sensitive to ESD. To avoid damage caused by ESD, service engineers and other people must handle equipment and

boards carefully. Electronic equipment has become more resistive to ESD, but we see an increase of situations

where static electricity can build up. This is caused by an increasing application of man–made fibers like nylon, acrylic, etc. which are capable of generating ESD of 10,000 Volts and more. Walking across a nylon carpet, even for a few feet, could cause a person to be charged–up to more than 10,000 V olt s. Under these conditions, if a system board or a (C)MOS device is tou ched it could easily be damaged. Although the device may not be totally defective, it is often degraded, causing it to fail at a later date without apparent reason.

To make sure that equipment and parts are well protected during shipment, special packaging materials are utilized. System boards will be shipped in anti–static bags and (C)MOS devices and other sensitive parts in small shielded boxes.

3.2 ESD Handling

In the interest of quality and reliability, it is advisable to observe the following rules when handling system boards and parts.

1. Service personnel should ground themselves by using a wrist strap when exchanging system boards in a cabinet.

2. Keep system boards and sensitive parts in their protective packaging until they are needed.

3. When returning system boards or parts like EEPROMS to the factory, use the protective packaging as described.

4. Never underestimate the damaging power ESD can have and be especially careful when temperatures are below freezing point and during very warm weather in combination with low humidity. Make sure that the environmental conditions remain within the limits specified in Section 3, "Product Specifications" in this book.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

Safety and Regulatory Information, Protection against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

PROTECT ESD SENSITIVE DEVICES

Boards with static sensitive devises can be recognized by the sign.

Observe special handling rules.

Changing a PCB in system requires a grounded WRIST STRAP

Some of the benefits of protection are:

* less failures/service calls * reduced maintenance costs * high customer satisfaction

In the interest of quality and reliability, System Boards and other parts returned for exchange or credit may be refused if the proper protective packaging is omitted.

1 MW

Common ESD ground

Static sensitive components

REUSABLE PACKAGING!

Alleen in beveiligde omgeving

Put PCB in static shielding bag for protection during transportation. Avoid unnecessary handling.

For a completely safe repair environment use: a

Anti-static (conductive) table top/mat

Conductive floor mat

Wrist strap

Conductive trays

For your personal s afety use APPROVED WRIST STRAPS

CAUTION

Handle only at static safe

workstation

ATTENTIE

Elektrostatisch

gevoelige onderdelen

behandelen

VERPAKKING IS

GESCHIKT VOOR

HERGEBRUIK

IMPORTANT NOTE

In the interest of quality and reliability, system boards, and other parts returned for exchange or credit may be refused if the proper protective packaging is omitted!

3-2

Safety-DCT1900/R8/mw

Section 2

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description

System-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

CHAPTER 2

System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1 Operational Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.2 Roaming and Handover Handling by the Portable Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.2.1 Unlocked Situation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.2.2 Locked Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.3 User Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.3.1 DCT1900 Mobility Configuration and E1-CAS Standalone when

connected to a MD110. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.3.2 Standalone Digital Line Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2.3.3 Standalone Analog Interface and T1 CAS Digital Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

CHAPTER 3

Hardware Building Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 Radio Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2 Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3.3 Portable Telephones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

CHAPTER 4

Radio Exchange Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.2 Central Processing Unit - CPU (REX-BRD0004 or 2/ROFNB 157 19/2)

CPU2 )REX-BRD9033 or REX-BRD9034) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.3 Speech Link Unit – SLU (REX-BRD0015 or ROFNB 157 16/1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.4 Speech Processing Unit - SPU-S (REX-BRD0017 or ROFNB 157 16/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.5 Cell Link Unit - CLU (REX-BRD0014 or ROFNB 157 11/2) and

CLU-S (REX-BRD0016 or ROFNB 157 16/2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4.6 Digital Trunk Unit - DTU-E1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.6.1 CCS- REX-BRD0003 or ROFNB 157 13/6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.6.2 CAS-REX-BRD0002 or 2/ROFNB 157 13/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4.7 Digital Trunk Unit - DTU-T1 CAS (REX-BRD0021 or 2/ROFNB 157 13/2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.8 Digital Trunk Unit-DTU-T1 CCS (REX-BRD0025 or 2/ROFNB 157 13/3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4.9 Line Termination Unit - LTU (REX-BRD0007 or 2/ROFNB 157 02/6)

LTU2 (REX-BRD0019A or ROFNB 157 25/2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.10 Digital Line Unit - DLU (REX-BRD0023) Basic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.11 Digital Line Unit - DLU (AWS1024) Meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.12 Digital Line Unit - DLU (AWS1025) Norstar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, Table of Contents

4.13 Digital Line Unit - DLU (AWS1026) Lucent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.14 Modular Cabinet Connection Board-MCCB (ROANB 101 28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

4.15 Synchronization Distribution Board–SDB (REX-BRD0006 or ROANB 101 38) . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

CHAPTER 5

Other System Aspects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1 Installation and Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.2 Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.3 Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.3.1 Physical Limitations of the System Housed in the Modular Cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.3.2 Traffic Limitations of the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.3.3 Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.4 Numbering Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

System-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, Introduction

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

The DCT1900 system is a pico–cellular, digital cordless telephone system that can be connected to a PBX or a Mobility Server via T1 or E1 links or standard analog ports. It is a PWT radio access system, and as such enables the user of the Portable Telephone to make and receive telephone calls anywhere in the area covered by the system.

The system consists of a RE connected to the PBX/Mobility Server, several Base Stations and Portable Telephones. The coverage is established by means of a pico–cellular network consisting of a number of Base St ations conn ected to the RE. By me ans of h andov ers fro m pico–cell to pico –cell, th e user can ro am within the covered area while maintaining the call without degradation of quality. Built–in voice encryption and phone authentication ensures privacy and secure communications.

All functions that are available on a normal wired analog telephone connected to the PBX are also available on the DCT1900 Portable Telephones when connected using an analog or T1 interface. The Portable Telephone will provide digital desk set features when connected to the PBX when using the Digital Link Unit (DLU).

The Freeset system is also capable of sending short messages to the portable display using the TAP interface to a server running a dedicated software application or a compatible messaging unit.

The DCT1900 system is based on digital cordless transmissions between the Base Station and the Portable Telephone. Speech encoding is done in the RE and Portable Telephone, using 32 kbit/s ADPCM. The radio transmissions between the Base S t ation and Port able Telephone use multiple carrier TDMA. Full duplex operation is achieved by using TDD.

One of the basic features of the system is the decentralized DCA technique, by which each Portable Telephone selects the best available speech channel. With DCA, channel selection is not limited to the moment of call set–up, but continues during the speech connection. DCA provides for optimum voice quality between the Portable Telephone and the Base Station as well as controlling the distribution of available channels per Base Station.

The DCT1900 system can be configured to meet user require ment s with respect to the area to be covered and the number of Portable Telephones to be used. This system has been designed to operate in indoor/ outdoor environments and can support both low as well as high traffic density situations.

In a DCT1900 Standalone environment, the system contains a single RE connected to a PBX. In a DCT1900 Mobility environment, the system contains multiple REs connected to the same telephone

network via a Mobility Server.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, Introduction

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Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

CHAPTER 2 System Overview

The DCT1900 system may operate as a standalone system or as a mobility system when used in conjunction with the Mobility Server. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 show an overview of the environments in which the DCT1900 system may be applied.

The DCT1900 Standalone configuration consists of a single RE and its associated Base Stations connected to a PBX. In the standalone configuration the RE will connect towards the telephone network with either analog type trunks or a T1/E1 channel associated signalling trunk. The DLU provides an intelligent interface between the Freeset and a proprietary digital PBX. The DLU emulates a digital phone set of the PBX and allows Freeset users to take advantage of digital phone set features. A DCT1900 Standalone configuration provides for wireless phone service in a simple and cost efficient manner.

Digital Phone Set Features

The DLU supports the following digital phone set features to the Freeset DCT1900 DT620 and

9p23 Portable Telephones:

• Multiple Line Appearance

• Caller Line Identity

• Connected Line Identity

• Redirected Party Number

• Message Waiting Indication

• Transfer

• Conference

• Hold

• Reconnect

• Call Back

• Cancel Call Back

The DCT1900 Mobility configuration provides for one or more REs connected to a Mobility Server, which will then connect towards the telephone network. Large integrated networks of DCT1900 Portable Telephones can be built up using multiple REs and one or more Mobility Servers. The Mobility Server(s) provide the capability of intersystem handovers and roaming. In the case of an intersystem handover, a Portable Telephone user can be on a call while moving from the radio coverage area of one RE to the radio coverage area of another RE without any disruption to the call. In the case of roaming in a DCT1900 Mobility configuration, a Portable Telephone can originate or accept a call in the radio coverage area of any RE. Additional features that the DCT1900 Mobility configuration may support when combined with a compatible PBX are Calling Line ID type displays and message indicators.

DCT1900 features such as phone authentication, encryption, and handover between Base Stations on the same RE apply to either the DCT1900 Standalone configuration or the DCT1900 Mobility configuration. The signalling interfaces that the RE presents towards the phone network are different in the case of a DCT1900 Standalone and a DCT1900 Mobility configuration. Table 2-1 summarizes the signalling differences between the two configurations.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

DCT1900

System

Type

Signalling

Format to

Network

Signalling Functionality

Standalone Analog Interface is over a 3Khz analog 2-wire connection.

Basic signalling states such as on-hook, off-hook and ringing supported by voltage and current conditions on the line.

Standalone Digital Digital line interface over individual 2 wire connec-

tions. Proprietary digital signal encoding, which conveys basic call information and additional call information such as Calling Line Identifier, Call redirection numbers, message waiting indicators, multiline operation, etc. There are 12 circuits per board and each circuit carries one voice call.

Standalone T1 CAS Digital trunk interface operating at 1,544,000 bits per

second supplying 24 voice channels per circuit. There are 2 circuits per board for a total of 48 voice channels. Signalling is done via robbed bit signalling with 2 bits per voice circuit encoding basic signalling states such as on-hook, off-hook and ringing.

Standalone E1 CAS Digital trunk interface operation at 2,048,000 bits per

second supplying 30 voice channels per circuit. There are 2 circuits per board for a total of 60 voice channels. E1 circuits use ISDN type protocol.

Provides

Connection to

PBX’s

Ericsson MD110 proprietary

Mobility T1 CCS or

E1 CCS

2-2

Interface over a T1 line at 1,544,000 bps or an E1 line at 2,048,000 bps. One channel on the interface is dedicated to a digital signalling protocol operating at 64,000 bps. The digital signalling channel carries an ISDN type protocol, which conveys basic call information and additional call information such as Calling Line Identifier, Call redirection numbers, message waiting indicators, etc. Because the signalling channel occupies one of the time slots on the T1 or E1 interface, a T1 CCS trunk can carry 23 voice calls per circuit and an E1 CCS trunk can carry 30 voice calls per circuit. There are two circuits per board.

Table 2-1 DCT1900 Network Signalling Summary

Mobility Server

System-DCT1900/R8/mw

Programming

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

PBX/CO

Analog Interface,

Digital Line Interface

T1/E1 CAS Interface

CSM

SMS

Server

P T

PWT/Air Interface

Fig. 2-1 System Overview DCT1900 Standalone Environment

P T

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

Site A

Programming

Server

T1/E1

PBX/CO

Sw.

CCS

P T

CSM

Inter system handover & roaming

PWT air interface

Area A

Area B

P T

Site B (remote)

PBX/CO

CSM

Inter system handover & roaming

T1/E1

CCS

Swt.

Server

Area C

CSM

Fig. 2-2 System Overview DCT1900 Mobility Environment

P T

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System-DCT1900/R8/mw

In Figures 2-1 & 2-2 the relevant products covered by this manual are marked in gray. The following items are recognized:

z DCT1900:

- RE : Radio Exchange

- BS : Base Station

- PT : Portable Telephone

- CSM : Cordless System Manager

z Other:

- PBX : Private Branch Exchange

- MS : Mobility Server

- CO : Central Office

2.1 Operational Concepts

Operational Environment

The DCT1900 is designed for mobility within the defined coverage area of the system. If the defined coverage area of one system is too small, then in conjunction with the MS, several DCT1900 systems can be connected together to act as if they were one large system.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

Environmental External Dependencies

The DCT1900 system, as shown in Figures 2-1 & 2-2 depends on the following external systems to provide the required services:

z Private Branch Exchange (PBX) z Mobility Server (MS) z Central Office (CO)

Functional External Dependencies

The following external systems provide the following functions:

z The PBX is a switch, providing:

- Standard switching services

- Calling party identity

- Voice mail services

- Paging services

- Access point to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)

z The MS is an adjunct to the PBX. It provides:

- In combination with two or more DCT1900 systems, the ability to roam freely between different locations.

- The ability to handover between different REs while in a call.

- The ability via a single number (Portable User Number) to reach users in geographically different locations.

- The means of configuring the MS and initializing and activating the Portable Telephones.

- The ability to dial in to the server and use your office extension, change you personnal settings and acces you voice mail.

- Message waiting indication

- Call Waiting

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

System Architecture

The DCT1900 system provides a wireless infrastructure between the user and the MS/PBX. The system can serve multiple users at the same time.

The system can be split up in a fixed part (made up of one RE and multiple Base Stations) and many Portable Telephones. The basic configuration of a DCT1900 system allows:

z Several systems to provide the same service as one large system. A user with one Portable

Telephone is able to walk around in different areas covered by different systems without interrupting an ongoing call. This feature is known as inter-system handover.

z A user can use the same Portable Telephone in another area or remote site, keeping the same

number. This feature is known as inter-site roaming.

Different aspects of the DCT1900 system are discussed below.

Radio Exchange Synchronization (DCT1900 Mobility Configuration only)

In order to support the inter-system handover capability, REs have to be synchronized. REs are synchronized using a master/slave concept, where one master RE supplies a synchroniza tion signal to a number of slave REs. A slave RE can act as a master for three further slave REs, thus creating a multi level star network with a maximum of two levels, see Figure 2-3.

Slave

Master Slave

Level 1

Level 2

Slave

Figure 2-3 Synchronization Topology

In the master RE, it is possible to select the synchronization source between an internal clock and a T1 or E1 interface to the Mobility Server.

In case the synchronization is lost (e.g. due to cable failure) on a slave RE, the slave will generate an alarm on the Mobility interface to notify the MS. However, the slave will continue to operate and

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System-DCT1900/R8/mw

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

will still synchronize slaves connected to it, effectively forming a separate "sub cluster" within which seamless handovers are still possible.

The delay in the cable used to synchronize the REs must be measured and entered into each of the slave REs. The accuracy of this delay measurement is very important and must be taken with care.

Registration

Registration entails the Portable Telephone establishing a link with the RE/MS, whereby the Portable Telephone tells the RE/MS who it is, i.e. extension number, system number range, home node number , and the RE/MS authorizes the Port able Telephone to use its resources to make and receive calls.

In the case of a DCT1900 mobility configuration with multiple Mobility Servers:

z If the MS is not the Home MS, then there must be a physical connection (QSIG Tie Line)

between the Home MS and the MS the phone is trying to register to.

z The Portable Telephone’s PUN and authentication key must be known by its’ home MS. z The system number of the RE must be within the system range initialized in the Portable

Telephone.

Start of Registration

Registration starts whenever:

z The Portable Telephone is switched on and sees a system (within the allowed system range). z When the Portable Telephone sees a system with better receive signal strength quality than

the current one which is also in its system range (the Portable Telephone will roam to another system).

z The system asks the Portable Telephone to do so (initiated by the RE/MS). This function

updates databases which may contain corrupted data (e.g. after restart s of system or RE/MS).

Note:

When a Portable Telephone goes out of range and comes back in range of the same RE, the registration procedure will not be repeated.

Registration Successful

If all requirements are met, the registration will succeed. Note that this dynamic behavior means that only at this point will a Portable Telephone be registered in a system. There will never be a fixed relation between a system and a PUN!

Registration Failures

The registration process may result in a rejection from the RE/MS. If the PUN of the Portable Telephone is not initialized in the RE/MS or when the authentication keys in the Portable Telephone and RE/MS are different, the Portable Telephone will be rejected. The result will be that the Portable Telephone will not try again. Only when the Portable T elephone is switched off and on again, or searched by the RE/MS or by the system, will it try to register again.

The process can also fail because of other reasons. For example, when a connection set–up failed or when congestion occurred in a particular Base S tation RE/MS, the registration process will automatically start again after some time.

When a Portable Telephone moves from a RE where it was registered to a new RE and the registration fails on that new RE, it will still be registered in the RE where it came from.

Technical Product Manual - DCT1900

System Description, System Overview

De–registration

De–registration is the process where the authorization at registration is removed. Once the user is de-registered, he can no longer be reached. A user can de–register from the RE by switching the Portable Telephone off, or by roaming to another system.

Whenever the RE is not able to inform the MS (e.g. congestion in the MS) about the deregistration, the RE will repeat it every time there is an incoming call for that specific Portable Telephone.

Authentication

The authentication of a Portable Telephone is done during registratio n and at incoming or outgo ing call establishment. It will be executed according to the PWT Standard Authentication Algorithm (PSAA). The algorithm uses the authentication key that is download ed over the programming cable into the Portable Telephone during initialization.

In a DCT1900 Mobility Server configuration for performance reasons, a session key (temporary key, reissued at registration time) will be stored locally in the RE as the result of a registration, to allow authentication without consulting the MS during call establishment.

Inter System Handover (DCT1900 Mobility Configuration Only)

Inter system handover is the capability in a mobility configuration of a Portable Telephone that is handed over automatically to another RE when leaving the coverage area of one RE and moving into a coverage area of another RE. When a user moves to a new RE (refer to Figure 2–2), on request of the MS the old RE will remove the relation between the moved Portable Telephone and the old RE (de–registration) while the new RE adds the relation between it and the Portable Telephone (registration). Handovers from one RE to another can only be achieved when all of the following conditions apply:

z Base Stations of different RE’s meet the PWT specifications. z The REs involved are synchronized. z Both REs have system numbers that fall within the Portable Telephone system range. z The Portable Telephone detects a stronger signal from the new RE than the old RE.

If these conditions are not met, the inter system handover will not be seamless or the call can even be lost when the Portable Telephone tries to move to the new RE.

If two REs operate in overlapping areas, a Portable Telephone may need to choose between an intra system (to another Base Station of the same RE) and an inter system handover. In these situations, the Portable Telephone will prefer an intra system handover. In general, a 6dB signal strength improvement is required for an intra system handover while a 12dB improvement is required for an inter system handover.

Roaming (DCT1900 Mobility Configuration Only)

Roaming is a feature whereby a Portable Telephone moves between two geographically separate but electronically connected MSs with the attend an t REs. Wh en turn e d on in its home covera ge area, the Portable Telephones’ connectivity and functionality is normal. When turned on in the other MS coverage area, the Portable Telephone registers itself as a visitor and this MS communicates with the other MS to let it know that the Portable Telephone is now active on the other RE. Any calls to the Portable’s PUN will then be routed to the new MS to be passed on to the Portable Telephone.

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System-DCT1900/R8/mw

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