Nortel Networks 3395A, 3395 User Manual
Using the Model 3395/3395A
Terminal Server
SynOptics Communications, Inc.
4401 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95052-8185
(408) 988-2400
893-386-B July 1994
© 1994 by SynOptics Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
SynOptics, SynOptics Communications, and LattisNet are registered trademarks of SynOptics
Communications, Inc. System 3000 and SynOptics Press are trademarks of SynOptics Communications,
Inc.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, SynOptics
Communications, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document
without notice.
SynOptics Communications, Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or
application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If it is not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to
take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference at their own expense.
Electromagnetic Emissions
Meets requirements of
FCC Part 15, Subparts A and B, Class A
En 55 022 (CISPR 22:1985), Class A
General License VDE 0871, Class B (AmtsblVfg No. 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992)
VCCI Class 1 ITE
ii 893-386-B
Table of Contents
Preface
Organization xi
Conventions xi
Related Documentation.............................................................................................................xii
SynOptics Customer Support .................................................................................................... xii
Chapter 1 - Getting Started
Expanding the Network with the Terminal Server.........................................................................1-2
Using the Terminal Server .......................................................................................................1-3
The Menu Interface.....................................................................................................1-3
Dedicated Services ...................................................................................................... 1-3
Logging On to a Terminal Server Port .......................................................................................1-4
Kerberos Passwords ....................................................................................................1-4
Terminal Server Scripts...............................................................................................1-4
Managing Sessions.................................................................................................................1-5
Establishing a Session ................................................................................................1-5
Suspending a Session..................................................................................................1-6
Using Session Numbers ..............................................................................................1-6
Establishing Multiple Sessions..................................................................................... 1-6
Disconnecting From a Session......................................................................................1-7
Using Other Terminal Server Commands........................................................................1-7
Using UNIX Aliases for Terminal Server Commands........................................................1-8
Logging Out of the Terminal Server Port........................................................................1-8
If You Make a Mistake............................................................................................................1-8
Privilege Levels.....................................................................................................................1-8
Summary..............................................................................................................................1-9
Chapter 2 - The User Interface
Entering Commands ...............................................................................................................2-1
Abbreviating Commands and Keywords..........................................................................2-1
Editing the Command Line ......................................................................................................2-1
Assigning Session Management Functions to Keyboard Characters..................................................2-3
Assigning a Local Switch Character...............................................................................2-4
Using the Break Key...................................................................................................2-4
Session Switching Characters...................................................................................................2-4
Telnet Session Management Characters ......................................................................................2-5
Using the Terminal Server Menu...............................................................................................2-6
893-386-B iii
Chapter 3 - Using Model 3395 Terminal Server Commands
Viewing and Changing Information in the Terminal Server Databases ..............................................3-2
Using the SHOW|LIST Commands ...............................................................................3-2
Using UNIX Aliases for Terminal Server Commands....................................................................3-2
BACKWARDS..........................................................................................................3-3
CONNECT...............................................................................................................3-5
DISCONNECT.........................................................................................................3-10
FORWARDS...........................................................................................................3-11
HELP.....................................................................................................................3-13
LAT CONNECT.......................................................................................................3-16
LOCK 3-19
LOGOUT PORT.......................................................................................................3-20
RESUME................................................................................................................3-21
RLOGIN .................................................................................................................3-23
SCRIPT ..................................................................................................................3-25
SET PORT .............................................................................................................3-27
SET SESSION .........................................................................................................3-35
SHOW DESTINATIONS ...........................................................................................3-37
SHOW|LIST DOMAIN..............................................................................................3-39
SHOW NODES........................................................................................................3-41
SHOW NODES STATUS ....................................................................................3-42
SHOW NODES SUMMARY................................................................................3-43
SHOW NODES COUNTERS ...............................................................................3-44
SHOW|LIST PORT...................................................................................................3-46
SHOW|LIST PORT CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................3-47
SHOW|LIST PORT ALTERNATE CHARACTERISTICS.........................................3-53
SHOW|LIST PORT TELNET CHARACTERISTICS................................................3-57
SHOW|LIST PORT COUNTERS ..........................................................................3-60
SHOW|LIST PORT STATUS ...............................................................................3-62
SHOW|LIST PORT SUMMARY ..........................................................................3-64
SHOW PORT KEYMAP .....................................................................................3-65
SHOW|LIST SERVICES ...........................................................................................3-67
SHOW SESSIONS ...................................................................................................3-71
TELNET CONNECT.................................................................................................3-74
XCONNECT............................................................................................................3-77
ZERO COUNTERS ..................................................................................................3-79
Chapter 4 - TN3270 Sessions
Checking the TN3270 Characteristics at Your Port.......................................................................4-1
Using the SHOW PORT KEYMAP Command................................................................4-2
Establishing a TN3270 Session with an IBM Host.......................................................................4-2
Using Hot Keys.....................................................................................................................4-3
The Scroll Lower key..................................................................................................4-3
The Status Key..........................................................................................................4-3
Keyboard Maps......................................................................................................................4-4
iv 893-386-B
Chapter 5 - Using the Multisessions Feature
Managing Sessions Within Windows.........................................................................................5-1
Establishing the First Session ...................................................................................... 5-2
Establishing the Second Session ...................................................................................5-4
Establishing Three or More Sessions .............................................................................5-5
Logging Out of the Terminal Server Port........................................................................5-5
Using Terminal Server Commands Within Windows.....................................................................5-5
BACKWARDS..........................................................................................................5-6
CONNECT...............................................................................................................5-6
DISCONNECT..........................................................................................................5-6
FORWARDS............................................................................................................5-6
RESUME.................................................................................................................5-7
SHOW SESSIONS ....................................................................................................5-7
SHOW|LIST PORT CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................... 5-7
Using Session Management Characters Within Windows...............................................................5-7
Backward Switch........................................................................................................5-8
Forward Switch..........................................................................................................5-8
Chapter 6 - Transferring Files with a Personal Computer
File Transfer Procedure............................................................................................................6-1
Transferring a File with the Kermit File Transfer Program.............................................................6-2
Index
893-386-B v
Figures
Figure 1-1 Using the Model 3395 Terminal Server ....................................................................1-1
Figure 1-2 A terminal server on an Ethernet LAN......................................................................1-2
Figure 2-1 A terminal server menu .........................................................................................2-6
Figure 4-1 A SHOW PORT TELNET CHARACTERISTICS display set for TN3270 connections..... 4-1
Figure 4-2 A sample IBM logon screen ...................................................................................4-2
Figure 5-1 An example of a split screen...................................................................................5-2
Figure 5-2 A multisessions screen with one session established...................................................5-3
Figure 5-3 A multisessions screen with two sessions established..................................................5-4
Figure 5-4 A sample show sessions display with multisessions enabled.........................................5-7
Figure 6-1 A file transfer from a host computer to a PC............................................................. 6-2
893-386-B vii
Tables
Table 2-1 Editing characters .................................................................................................2-2
Table 2-2 Session switching functions................................................................................... 2-4
Table 2-3 Telnet session functions........................................................................................ 2-5
Table 3-1 UNIX aliases for Model 3395 commands.................................................................. 3-2
Table 4-1 VT100/102 and ANSI 3.64 keyboard map.................................................................4-3
Table 4-2 VT220/7-bit keyboard map.....................................................................................4-5
Table 4-3 VT220/8-bit keyboard map.....................................................................................4-7
893-386-B ix
Preface
This manual describes how to use the Model 3395 Terminal Server on an local area network (LAN). It
explains how to use terminal server commands, and how to tailor some terminal server characteristics to
suit your needs. This manual is for people who want to use the terminal server to gain access to resources
on the network, rather than the individual who installs and manages the terminal server hardware and
software.
The network manager at your site decides how the network is set up and how much access you have to
network resources. Because of this, your system may respond differently from what this manual indicates.
Follow the instructions in this manual and use the descriptions as an example of what can happen in
response to the commands described here.
Organization
This manual contains the following chapters:
Chapter 1 Describes the purpose of the Model 3395 Terminal Server in a local area network (LAN),
and how to get started using terminal server commands.
Chapter 2 Describes the terminal server command interface and menu interface. This chapter
describes how to use command-line editing keys, and how to use control keys for session
management.
Chapter 3 Describes terminal server commands available at secure ports.
Chapter 4 Explains how to use a terminal during a TN3270 session.
Chapter 5 Explains the Multisessions (Dual Session Management) feature.
Chapter 6 Describes how to transfer files between personal computers and hosts through the
terminal server.
Conventions
Throughout this manual, the word “Enter” means type something and then press the <New Line>,
<Return>, or <Enter> key; for example, “Enter the CONNECT command” means type the word
CONNECT and then press the <New Line>, <Return>, or <Enter> key.
893-386-B xi
Preface
This manual also uses the following conventions:
COMMAND REQUIRED [OPTIONAL] [
Where Means
COMMAND You must enter the command, or its accepted abbreviation, as shown.
REQUIRED You must enter a keyword, or its accepted abbreviation, as shown.
[OPTIONAL] You have the option of entering this keyword or variable. Do not type the [optional]
brackets; they only set off what is optional.
Additionally, this manual uses certain symbols in special ways:
Symbol Means
TS3395> This is the Model 3395 Terminal Server prompt at ports with the Secure and
Nonprivileged privilege levels.
$ This is the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX/VMS prompt.
% This is the UNIX C shell prompt.
In examples, this manual uses
This typeface to show your entry and responses and screens from the
Model 3395 terminal server.
optional
]
This typeface to show responses from remote hosts and devices on the
network. This typeface also shows command keywords or arguments that
are variable, such as “hostname.”
Related Documentation
The following manuals provide information that you may find useful with this manual:
• Software Management Guide for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server (SynOptics part number
893-158-C)
This manual describes the configuration, setup, and management of a terminal server software
communications package, supplied by SynOptics Communications, Inc. This manual is written for
network managers, and terminal server, UNIX, and VAX system managers.
• Commands Reference for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server (SynOptics part number
893-159-C)
This manual describes how to use the Model 3395 Terminal Server software, including individual
descriptions of each terminal server command. This manual is written for all terminal server users,
although many commands can only be used by network managers or others with the appropriate
privilege level.
xii 893-386-B
Preface
To purchase additional copies of this document or other SynOptics product publications, order by part
number from SynOptics Press™ at the following numbers. You may also request a free catalog of
SynOptics Press product publications.
• Phone: 1-800-845-9523
• FAX: U.S./Canada: 1-800-582-8000, International: 1-916-939-1010
SynOptics Customer Support
For assistance with installing and configuring your SynOptics systems or for post-installation questions or
problems, contact your local reseller. If you cannot contact your local reseller, call the SynOptics Technical
Response Center (TRC) Contract Hotline.
To contact the TRC Contract Hotline, call:
• U.S. and Canada: 1-800-473-4911
• Europe: 011-31-3480-31616
• Rest of the world: 408-764-1000
Technical information is available from the SynOptics InfoFACTS fax-on-demand system by calling:
• U.S. and Canada: 1-800-786-3228
• International: 408-764-1002
You can also access technical information in the SynOptics forum on CompuServe.
For information about our education services, contact the SynOptics Training Coordinator at
1-800-473-4911 or 408-764-1018.
893-386-B xiii
Chapter 1
Getting Started
The Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server is a combination of hardware and software that links users at
serial devices, such as terminals, to resources on both local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks
(WANs). These resources include a variety of hosts, workstations, and printers, as well as other SynOptics
terminal servers. You can use a terminal server to gain access to any of these hosts on the network:
• UNIX hosts that support the TCP/IP protocol
• International Business Machines (IBM) hosts that have a Telnet server
• DEC VAX hosts running ULTRIX that support TCP/IP
• DEC VAX hosts that support the Local Area Transport (LAT) protocol
When a user such as the one shown in Figure 1-1 makes a connection to a LAN host through the terminal
server, he can use all the resources on that host as if his terminal were directly attached to it.
VAX host
Terminal Server Cards In
SynOptics Model 3000
Concentrator
Telnet
Server
Ethernet Local Area
Network (LAN)
Figure 1-1. Using the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server
IBM host
UNIX host
893-386-B 1-1
Getting Started
The user in Figure 1-1 has made a connection to the UNIX host on the LAN through the terminal server.
He can now read databases, send mail, and run applications on this host. He can also connect to the VAX
host, the IBM host, or a serial device on the other terminal server.
Expanding the Network with the Terminal Server
The terminal server can support a variety of devices, other than terminals. These include printers, modems,
data switches, personal computers, and other host computers. These devices allow terminal server users to
access LAN resources in many different ways, and provide additional resources to LAN users. Figure 1-2
shows an example of a Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server on the LAN, with several different devices
connected to it.
IBM Mainframe
(Accessible through a
TN3270 connection)
Telnet
Server
VAX/VMS System UNIX System
Ethernet Local Area
Network (LAN)
Printers
Other Devices
with Serial
Interfaces
VAX/VMS System
Personal Computers
Host Systems
Model 3395
X
Terminal Server
Cards In Chassis
X
Terminals
Modems
Data Switches
Figure 1-2. A terminal server on an Ethernet LAN
In a network like the one in Figure 1-2, terminal server users can gain access to the hosts connected directly
to the LAN. Users on the LAN hosts can reach the devices connected to the terminal server, such as the
printer, the host system, or the personal computer.
1-2 893-386-B
Getting Started
The remaining sections of this chapter explain how you can use the terminal server in a network such as
this one. These sections include the following topics:
• Using the terminal server
• Logging on to a terminal server port
• Managing sessions
• If you make a mistake
• Privilege levels
• Summary
Using the Terminal Server
When you log on to the terminal server you make a connection with a terminal server port. A port is the
interface between a terminal and the other devices on the network, including hosts, printers, and other
terminal servers. Each port has a set of characteristics and privileges that determine how you can use it.
The network manager defines these characteristics and privileges with terminal server commands.
From the terminal server port, you can enter commands such as those described in Chapter 3 of this
manual. While the privilege level and the characteristics of your port determine which commands you can
use, most users can enter commands that do the following:
• Establish connections to devices on the network
• Display information about network destinations, and the characteristics of the terminal server port
• Modify some characteristics of the terminal server port
The Menu Interface
On some terminal servers, the network manager may have created a menu that overrides the terminal server's
command interface. The menu displays choices that you can select to establish connections on the network,
or change the configuration of your port. Chapter 2 describes the menu interface in more detail, but the
information described here about logging on and off the port and establishing sessions will still be useful to
you, even if you are using a menu.
Dedicated Services
The network manager can define a dedicated service at a terminal server port. If so, the terminal server
automatically connects the port to a host on the network when you log on to the port. While you might
not be able to use the terminal server commands in this manual if your port has a dedicated service, you can
read this chapter for general information about the terminal server.
893-386-B 1-3
Getting Started
Logging On to a Terminal Server Port
If your terminal is connected directly to a terminal server port, press the <Return> key until one of the
following prompts appears on the screen. If your terminal is connected to a host on the terminal server
network, log off of the host, or suspend your current session by pressing the <Break> key or the local
switch character. Then, press the <Return> key until one of these prompts appears and use the appropriate
procedure:
# Enter your login password and press the <Return> key. The default password on
many terminal servers is ACCESS, but the network manager may have defined a
different password for your terminal server. When you enter the correct
password, the Enter username> prompt appears.
Enter username> Enter your username and press the <Return> key. Your terminal server
implementation may require specific usernames. If not, you can enter any
username between 1 and 16 characters, or enter <Ctrl><Z> to automatically
assign the username PORT_x at this port, where x is your port number. When
you enter your username correctly, the TS3395> prompt appears.
TS3395> This is the default local command prompt, and it means that you are logged on
to a terminal server port. When you see this prompt, you can enter terminal
server commands.
Note: These are the default prompts that the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server includes with the
terminal server software. The network manager can change these prompts, however, so the
prompts on your terminal server may be different.
Kerberos Passwords
Kerberos is an Internet network authentication service that may exist on your terminal server. It requires
that you enter a Kerberos password to gain access to the terminal server. The Kerberos password prompt
appears after the Username> prompt in the Model 3395 Terminal Server login sequence, and looks like this:
Enter user password>
If this or a similar prompt appears at your terminal, enter a Kerberos password.
Terminal Server Scripts
Some terminal server ports automatically execute a predefined set of terminal server commands called a
script when you log on to the port. The script may prompt you for a password, change some characteristics
of the port, or establish a connection with a host on the network. The information in this chapter will still
be useful to you, however, even if your port automatically executes a script when you log on.
1-4 893-386-B
Getting Started
Managing Sessions
The connection between a terminal server port and a device on the network is called a session. You can
establish a session with a LAT service, a Telnet host, an IBM host, or another terminal server after you log
in to the terminal server port. The Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server allows you to open several
sessions simultaneously, and move among them while you work. The next sections explain how to
establish and manage sessions.
Establishing a Session
Several terminal server commands establish sessions with LAN destinations, but the one you will probably
use most often is the CONNECT command. If you know the name or address of the device where you want
to establish a session, simply enter it with the CONNECT command at the prompt and press the <Return>
key:
TS3395> connect
If you are not sure of the names and addresses on your network, you can view a list of all the different
destinations on the LAN with the SHOW DESTINATIONS command. (Some of the destinations in this
list may be unavailable to you for security reasons. The network manager can tell you if this is the case.)
When you enter the SHOW DESTINATIONS command, a list similar to the following appears on the
terminal:
TS3395> show destinations
FINANCE.SUN.COM UNIX Host at 140.179.20.1
ACCOUNTSVAX VAX/VMS LAT SERVICE
PAYROLLHOST IBM Host
LASER2 Department Laser Printer
The first column on the list shows the names you can use in connect commands to reach a service or a
host. The second column displays information about each destination name, such as a description of a
service or the Internet address of a Telnet domain. The information in the second column may or may not
appear; the destination names in the first column are all you need to make a connection.
To establish a session with the Telnet host FINANCE.SUN.COM, for example, you could enter the
CONNECT command like this:
TS3395> connect finance.sun.com
destination-name
TS3395 -010- Session 1 to FINANCE.SUN.COM established
Welcome to Finance.SUN.COM
Enter username:
You can also use the Internet address of a Telnet domain with the CONNECT command. Internet addresses
usually appear next to the domain names in the SHOW DESTINATIONS display or the SHOW
DOMAINS display.
893-386-B 1-5
Getting Started
Suspending a Session
When you suspend a session, you recall the Model 3395/3395A command interface without terminating the
connection to the remote resource. Later, you can reopen the session and continue with your work. To
suspend a session, press the Break key or the local switch character during the session. (A local switch
character is a control character sequence that you or the network manager can define. Chapter 2 explains
how to do this.) The TS3395> prompt appears, and you can enter any terminal server command, including
the CONNECT command:
$ <BREAK>
TS3395>
The next sections show how to use the RESUME command to reopen a previously suspended session.
Using Session Numbers
Each time you establish a session, the terminal server software assigns it a session number. The session
number appears in a display line right above the logon banner of the remote host. In the previous example,
the session number for the connection to FINANCE.SUN.COM was 1:
TS3395 -010- Session 1 to FINANCE.SUN.COM established
You can use session numbers with several terminal server commands when you switch among different
sessions, view the status of sessions, and disconnect from sessions.
Establishing Multiple Sessions
The terminal server command interface allows you to establish two or more sessions simultaneously. You
can then switch from one session to another without disconnecting from either of them. You can switch
sessions with terminal server commands, or define session switching characters for this purpose. Most
ports support up to four simultaneous sessions, and the network manager can enable a port to support up to
sixteen simultaneous sessions.
To establish a second session, suspend the current session with the Break key or the local switch character
and enter a connect command to establish the next session. You can then suspend that session and go back
to the previous session. The SHOW SESSIONS command displays all of your active sessions and their
session numbers. The display is similar to this one, for a user named Johnson, with three active sessions:
TS3395> show sessions
Port 12: Johnson Service Mode Current Session 2
- Session 1: Connected Interactive FINANCE.SUN.COM
- Session 2: Connected Interactive ACCOUNTSVAX
- Session 3: Connected Interactive PAYROLLHOST
1-6 893-386-B
Getting Started
To switch from session 2 at a LAT service to session 1 at FINANCE.SUN.COM, you could use a sequence
like this with the RESUME command, beginning at the LAT service:
$
$ <BREAK> FINANCE.SUN.COM session 1 resumed
Disconnecting From a Session
You can disconnect from a session in two ways. If you are currently logged on to a host or service, enter
the normal logoff command of the host or service. In this example, the user Johnson logs off of a UNIX
host:
% logoff
JOHNSON logged out at 25-AUG-1993 16:00:21.12
TS3395 -012- Session 1 disconnected from FINANCE.SUN.COM
TS3395 -101- 2 other session(s) active
TS3395>
When the host or service accepts your logoff request, the terminal server terminates the session. It also
displays a message that indicates if you still have active sessions.
If you are running the terminal server software because you have suspended a session, use the terminal
server DISCONNECT command from the TS3395> prompt. Enter the session number with the command,
and the terminal server will terminate the session:
TS3395> disconnect session 1
TS3395 -011- Session 1 disconnected from FINANCE.SUN.COM
TS3395 -101- 2 other session(s) active
TS3395>
Use the SHOW SESSIONS command to display active session numbers.
Using Other Terminal Server Commands
Many other terminal server commands are available to you, other than the session management commands
described in this chapter. These include HELP, SET PORT, LOCK, and several others. HELP provides
online information about all terminal server commands, SET PORT modifies the characteristics of your
port, including the functions of control characters, and LOCK prevents other users from gaining access to
your port while you are away. You enter all of these commands from the TS3395> prompt. Chapter 3
describes these and other commands in detail.
893-386-B 1-7
Getting Started
Using UNIX Aliases for Terminal Server Commands
The Model 3395 Terminal Server software provides several UNIX equivalents, or aliases, for Model
3395/3395A Terminal Server commands. If you work in a UNIX environment, you may want to use these
aliases because they will be more familiar to you than the Model 3395/3395A commands. Instead of the
terminal server HELP command, for example, you can enter the MAN command. Chapter 3 includes a
description of the UNIX aliases for terminal server commands.
Logging Out of the Terminal Server Port
The terminal server LOGOUT command logs you out of the terminal server port. When you do this, the
terminal server disconnects any sessions that are still active.
TS3395> logout
TS3395 -020- Logged out port 12 on server XFF4B15 at 22 September 1993
16:12:00
The log out message includes your port number and the name of the terminal server, as well as the date and
time you logged off.
If You Make a Mistake
Do not be concerned if you make a mistake, such as a typing error, when you enter a command. The
terminal server displays an error message and often some information that helps you correct the command.
In any case, you can reenter the command correctly, or recall and edit the command line with the editing
characters described in Chapter 2.
Privilege Levels
Privilege levels determine which terminal server commands you can use. The network manager can set the
privilege level at each port to one of three levels:
• Secure
• Nonprivileged
• Privileged
All the commands in this manual are available at Secure ports.
The two other higher privilege levels, Nonprivileged and Privileged, allow users to enter system
management commands, gain access to other users' ports, and alter the parameters in the terminal server
database. The Software Management Guide for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server describes the
Nonprivileged and Privileged levels in more detail, and Commands Reference for the Model 3395/3395A
Terminal Server describes all the commands available to users with these privilege levels.
1-8 893-386-B
Getting Started
Summary
The Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server provides you with access to many resources on the network that
might be unavailable to you otherwise. To use the terminal server, you log on to a terminal server port and
establish sessions with hosts or other terminal server ports. You can suspend sessions and establish new
sessions, so that you have several simultaneous connections. Terminal server privilege levels determine
which commands and command options you can use at a terminal server port.
The remaining chapters of this book include information that helps you use the terminal server. These
chapters include more details about the user interface, complete descriptions of the Secure level commands,
how to use the Multisessions feature if your terminal supports it, information about TN3270 connections,
and how to transfer files between a personal computer and a host through the terminal server.
893-386-B 1-9
Chapter 2
The User Interface
This chapter describes how to use the terminal server command interface and the terminal server menu
interface. It includes these topics:
• Entering commands
• Editing the command line
• Assigning session management functions to keyboard characters
• Session switching characters
• Telnet session management characters
• Using the terminal server menu
If your port has the Multisessions characteristic enabled, the user interface behaves somewhat differently
than the way this chapter describes it. See Chapter 5, “Using Multisessions Feature,” in addition to this
chapter for information about entering commands and using session management control characters in a
Multisessions environment.
Entering Commands
You enter commands at the terminal server prompt:
TS3395> COMMAND KEYWORD
variable
Most terminal server commands allow you to enter two or more keywords and variables on the command
line. If you do this, separate each characteristic with a space, a comma, or a combination of both. You can
enter a command line that exceeds the line length of the screen as long as you do not press the <Return>
key until the command line is complete. The maximum length of a command line is 132 characters.
You can abbreviate many terminal server commands and keywords to the shortest unambiguous string of
characters that the terminal server can interpret. For example, the CONNECT command begins with C, and
C is the only character you need to enter the CONNECT command. You could also enter CON or CONNE.
Each command description indicates whether or not you can abbreviate it. If so, the command description
lists the minimal number of characters that you can enter to execute the command.
]
Abbreviating Commands and Keywords
variable
[KEYWORD
variable
]. . .[[KEYWORD]
Editing the Command Line
You can change, correct, or edit the command line before you press the <Return> key, or recall previous
command lines, with special keys and control characters. To use control characters, press the Control key
and the second character simultaneously. Table 2-1 lists these editing keys and the control characters that
come predefined with the terminal server software.
893-386-B 2-1
The User Interface
Users at Nonprivileged and Privileged ports can change the defaults for the editing characters with the SET
PORT command, so the characters on your port may not have the same functions as the ones shown in
Table 2-1. At most terminals, you can use the SHOW|LIST PORTS ALTERNATE
CHARACTERISTICS command to check the control character sequences for the editing functions at your
port.
Table 2-1. Editing characters
Key Sequence Function
<CTRL> <A> Alternates between insert character mode and overstrike character.
Overstrike mode is the default. This function does not apply to
hardcopy terminals.
<CTRL> <B>
or up arrow key ↑
<CTRL> <D>
or left-arrow key ←
<CTRL> <E> Moves the cursor to the end of the current command line. This
<CTRL> <F>
or right-arrow key →
<CTRL> <H> Moves the cursor to the beginning of the command line. This
<CTRL> <N>
or down-arrow key ↓
<CTRL> <R> Redisplays the current command line. This command is useful after
<CTRL> <U> Deletes all characters from the cursor position to the beginning of the
<CTRL> <V> Quotes the next character, so that the terminal server interprets it as a
Recalls the previous command.
Moves the cursor one position to the left. This function does not
apply to hardcopy terminals.
function does not apply to hardcopy terminals.
Moves the cursor one position to the right. This function does not
apply to hardcopy terminals.
function does not apply to hardcopy terminals.
Recalls the next command in the command history.
you have deleted characters on a hardcopy terminal.
command line.
variable. (This function is useful if you want to redefine control
characters.)
<CTRL> <X> Deletes the current command line.
<CTRL> <Z> Cancels an interactive operation, such as changing a password, or
deletes the current command line.
<DELETE>
or <backspace>
2-2 893-386-B
Deletes the character to the left of the cursor. On hardcopy terminals,
the terminal server adds a backslash (\) to previously printed characters
to indicate that you have deleted them.
The User Interface
The following example shows how to use the command line recall and editing features. Suppose that you
enter the following command, which contains a typographical error:
TS3395> shw port characteristics
The terminal server would not accept the command because you spelled SHOW incorrectly. Instead of
retyping the whole command line, however, you could use the up-arrow key or <CTRL><B> to recall the
incorrect command and then edit it:
TS3395> ↑
TS3395> shw port characteristics
The cursor appears at the end of the command line. Next, type <CTRL><H> to move the cursor to the
beginning of the command line. Press the right-arrow key (or type <CTRL><F>) so that the cursor is
under the letter W in SHW. Type <CTRL><A> to enter insert mode, and then add the letter O to spell
SHOW. Press the <Return> key to enter the correct command.
Assigning Session Management Functions to Keyboard Characters
The terminal server supports several session management functions that you can assign to character
sequences with the SET PORT command. Two types of session management functions are available:
general session switching and Telnet session management. Session management characters are very useful
because you can gain access to them from within sessions, rather than entering the equivalent commands
from the TS3395> prompt.
The terminal server has no predefined characters for session management, as it has for command line editing
characters. Unless the network manager has already defined them for your port, you must define them
yourself. The SHOW PORT CHARACTERISTICS command displays the current session management
characters.
You can assign session management functions to individual characters, or to control character sequences,
such as several of the editing characters. To use a character this way, you press the control key and the
character simultaneously. When you assign session management functions to control character sequences,
you can still use the individual character without the control character, such as in a text string. When you
do, the terminal server does not execute the session management function.
You can assign session management functions to the alphabet characters (except I, J, and M), with or
without the <Control> key, that do not already have editing functions assigned to them. Table 2-1 shows
the default settings for the editing characters, and the SHOW PORT ALTERNATE CHARACTERISTICS
command displays the current settings for the editing characters. Some other keyboard characters may be
available for use as control characters, including these: [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~
This example shows how to assign the local switch function, which suspends an active session, to the
<CTRL><L> sequence. Note that when you press the <Control> key at the TS3395> prompt, and then
press another character, the <Control> key appears as ^ .
TS3395> set port local switch ^l
TS3395>
893-386-B 2-3
The User Interface
The user at this port can now use <CTRL><L> to suspend an active session. Because this is a SET
command, it takes effect immediately, but remains in effect only until you log off of the port.
Assigning a Local Switch Character
If your terminal or workstation does not have a Break key, you must define a local switch character to
suspend a session. The Break key is the only predefined character that suspends a session. You can set the
local switch character when you first log on to the port, before you establish any sessions. This way, you
do not need to log off of a session to return to the terminal server local command prompt. See the previous
section for an example of how to set the local switch character.
Using the Break Key
On most terminals, the Break key acts as a local switch character to suspend a session. Privileged and
Nonprivileged users can change this setting of the Break key, however. The network manager can set the
terminal server port to ignore the Break key during a session, or to send a break sequence to the local host
during a session rather than the terminal server command interface. If you have questions about the
behavior of the Break key on your terminal, see the network manager or ask a user at a Privileged port to
change the port characteristic for this key.
Session Switching Characters
Session switching characters suspend the current session and resume other active sessions. You can use
these keys in both Telnet and LAT sessions. Table 2-2 lists the keywords you use with the SET PORT
commands to assign session switching functions to control characters.
Table 2-2. Session switching functions
Keyword Session Switching Function
BACKWARD SWITCH Suspends the current session and reopens the next lower-numbered
session. The function of this switch is similar to that of the
BACKWARDS ommand.
FORWARD SWITCH Suspends the current session and reopens the next higher-numbered
session. The function of this switch is similar to that of the
FORWARDS command.
LOCAL SWITCH Suspends the current session and returns the local TS3395> command
prompt. You must define this character to suspend a session if your
terminal does not have a <Break> key.
See Chapter 3 for more information about how to use these keywords with the SET PORT command.
2-4 893-386-B
The User Interface
Telnet Session Management Characters
Telnet session management characters provide command line editing and process management during a
Telnet session. Table 2-3 lists the keywords you use with the SET PORT commands to assign Telnet
session management functions to control characters
Table 2-3. Telnet session functions
Keyword Telnet Session Function
TELNET ABORT Stops a program from sending output to the terminal without
terminating the program itself.
TELNET ATTENTION Returns the session to the local operating system command prompt.
If you press the Telnet Attention key during a Telnet session at a
Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server, the remote terminal server port
passes the break request to the host or device where it is connected.
(This also happens in any session if you press the <Break> key when
the PORT BREAK characteristic is set to REMOTE.)
TELNET ERASE CHARACTER Deletes the character to the left of the cursor.
TELNET ERASE LINE Deletes all data to the left of the cursor in the current line.
TELNET INTERRUPT Suspends, interrupts, or aborts a user process.
TELNET QUERY Requests that the Telnet host or port send a signal to the terminal
that indicates it is still up and running.
TELNET SYNCHRONIZE Regains control of a process that is no longer executing properly.
See Chapter 3 for more information about how to use these keywords with the SET PORT commands.
893-386-B 2-5
The User Interface
Using the Terminal Server Menu
The Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server software running on your terminal server may have a menu
interface rather than a command interface. You will know this if a menu appears on your screen rather than
the TS3395> prompt when you log on to the terminal server port. You see a menu similar to the one in
Figure 2-1.
Welcome to the Model 3395 Terminal Server
1. Connect to FINANCEVAX
2. Connect to UNIXSUN
3. Connect to LOCALVAX
7. Show Queue
8. Lock Terminal
9. Change Mode - Binary
10. Change Mode Interactive
20. Logout
Enter number of selection>
Figure 2-1. A terminal server menu
One or more options appear on the menu, preceded by a number. To select an option, enter the number
corresponding to the option at the prompt and press the <Return> key. This method of selecting an option
works whether your port's TYPE characteristic is set to HARDCOPY, SOFTCOPY, or ANSI. For
example, you could select the Connect to FINANCEVAX option in Figure 2-1 like this:
Enter number of selection> 1
When you make the selection, the terminal server executes the appropriate command. When you suspend a
session, or execute a terminal server command, the menu does not reappear on your screen until you press
the <Return> key.
If the TYPE characteristic at your port is set to ANSI, you can also use the arrow keys to position the
cursor on the option you want, and then press the <Return> key. The SHOW PORT CHARACTERISTIC
display includes the port's TYPE characteristic.
2-6 893-386-B
Chapter 3
Using Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server
Commands
This chapter describes the commands you can use at Secure ports. These commands establish sessions,
display information about LAN destinations, sessions, and services, and allow you to specify some
characteristics of your own port. Some commands have options that are available only at Nonprivileged or
Privileged ports, and the command descriptions indicate this. For more information about commands
available at Nonprivileged and Privileged ports, see Commands Reference for the Model 3395/3395A
Terminal Server.
In addition to the command descriptions, this chapter includes information about these topics:
• Viewing and changing information in the terminal server databases
• Using UNIX aliases for terminal server commands
These are the commands in this chapter:
BACKWARDS
CONNECT
DISCONNECT
FORWARDS
HELP
LAT CONNECT
LOCK
LOGOUT PORT
RESUME
RLOGIN
SCRIPT
SET PORT
SET SESSION
SHOW DESTINATIONS
SHOW|LIST DOMAIN
SHOW NODES
SHOW|LIST PORT
SHOW|LIST SERVICES
SHOW SESSIONS
TELNET CONNECT
XCONNECT
ZERO COUNTERS
893-386-B 3-1
Terminal Server Commands
Viewing and Changing Information in the Terminal Server Databases
The terminal server maintains two files of data, or databases, that contain information about the terminal
server and the devices you can reach on the network. One is the operational database and other is the
permanent database. Information in the operational database is temporary, and remains current only until
you log out of your terminal server port. While it is current, it overrides the information in the permanent
database. You change information in the operation database with SET commands. Information in the
permanent database is constant, and remains constant unless you or the network manager change it with a
DEFINE command and you log out of your port, or the network manager initializes the terminal server.
Using the SHOW|LIST Commands
The SHOW commands display information in the terminal server's operational database. The LIST
commands display information in the terminal server's permanent database. Information in the SHOW
displays reflect the most current information about your port and the destinations you can reach on the
LAN.
Using UNIX Aliases for Terminal Server Commands
If you are accustomed to the UNIX operating system, the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server offers several
UNIX equivalents of frequently used Model 3395/3395A commands. You can enter these equivalents, or
aliases, at the TS3395> prompt just as you would enter the Model 3395/3395A commands to produce the
same results. Table 3-1 shows the UNIX aliases for Model 3395/3395A commands.
Table 3-1. UNIX aliases for Model 3395/3395A commands
Model 3395/3395A Command UNIX Alias
SHOW PORT STATUS [port-list] STATUS [port-list]
RESUME session number FG session-number
HELP MAN
SHOW SESSIONS JOBS
DISCONNECT [session] CLOSE or KILL [session]
TELNET CONNECT [domain-name]
[internet-address]
LOGOUT [ PORT port-list] QUIT [port-list]
Each command description includes the UNIX alias, if one exists, in the Notes section.
OPEN [domain-name]
[internet-address]
3-2 893-386-B
BACKWARDS
Reopen the next available lower-numbered session
The BACKWARDS command reopens the next available, lower-numbered session
already established at your port. Use the SHOW SESSIONS command to display
information about active sessions, including their session numbers.
Notes
The terminal server assigns a number to each session you establish. The server records
these session numbers in a rotating list for use by the FORWARDS and
BACKWARDS commands. Therefore, when the lowest-numbered session is current,
using the BACKWARDS command reopens the highest-numbered session. When only
one session is active at a port, the BACKWARDS command reopens that session.
In a Multisessions environment, the BACKWARDS command reopens the next lowernumbered session that does not already appear in a window. See Chapter 5 for more
information about how the MULTISESSIONS characteristic affects the BACKWARDS
command.
If you have defined a backward switch character, you can reopen the next available
lower-numbered session from within the current session, rather than from the terminal
server command interface. See Chapter 2 and the SET PORT command in this chapter
for more information about the backward switch character.
BACKWARDS
Syntax
Abbreviation
Example
BACKWARDS
B
A user whose current session is session 2, enters the BACKWARDS command to
reopen session 1. First, the user enters the SHOW SESSIONS command to display all
active sessions, and check the number of the current session.
TS3395> show sessions
Port 12: charlie Service Mode Current Session 2
- Session 1: Connected Interactive FINANCE.SUN.COM
- Session 2: Connected Interactive PAYROLLVAX
- Session 3: Connected Interactive UNIX.HOST.COM
The display shows that session 2 is current. Now the user reopens session 1.
893-386-B 3-3
BACKWARDS
TS3395> backwards
TS3395 -012- FINANCE.SUN.COM session 1 resumed
The user's current session is now session 1. If this user suspended session 1 and
entered the BACKWARDS command again, the terminal server would reopen session 3
at UNIX.HOST.COM, because session 3 is next on the rotating list.
Related Commands
These commands provide functions that are useful with or similar to the
BACKWARDS command:
Command Function
SHOW SESSIONS Displays a list of active sessions and their session numbers
at your port.
FORWARDS Reopens the next higher-numbered session.
RESUME Reopens the session that you specify in the command line,
or the previous session.
3-4 893-386-B
CONNECT
Establish a session with a resource on the network
The CONNECT command establishes a session with a Telnet destination or a LAT
service. Use the SHOW DESTINATIONS command to obtain a list of LAT service
names and Telnet destination names on the network.
Notes
TELNET CONNECTIONS: The terminal server may take a few seconds to establish a
Telnet connection to a domain name after it has been initialized. During this time, the
server is attempting to locate the Domain Name Server, look up the Internet address for
the domain name, and then make the connection. Subsequent attempts to connect to
that Telnet host occur without delay, because the terminal server has a record of the
Telnet address for that domain name.
TN3270 CONNECTIONS: You can use an Internet address or a domain name to reach
an IBM host and establish a TN3270 session. Once you make the connection, your
terminal emulates an IBM 3270 display station. See Chapter 4 for more information
about TN3270 terminal emulation.
LAT CONNECTIONS: LAT services can exist at more than one LAT service node, or
terminal server port. The node-name and port-name variables allow you to specify a
service node or port when this is the case. If a LAT service exists at more than one
service node or port and you do not specify one in the CONNECT command, the
terminal server makes a connection based on which has the highest rating. This rating
indicates the ability of the node or port to support additional connections.
CONNECT
Some LAT services may require that you supply a password before you can use them.
If a LAT service requires a password, the terminal server prompts you for it after you
enter the CONNECT command. Enter the password and press the <Return> key.
Check with the network manager if you have questions about the password for a LAT
service. See the Examples section of this command description for an example of a
LAT service with password protection.
LAT services allow a limited number of connections from terminal server ports. When
the number of connections to a service has reached the maximum amount, additional
connection requests are placed in a queue if one is enabled. If you request a connection
to a service, and the service does not respond, it may already have the maximum
number of terminal server connections or it may be unavailable.
PREFERRED SERVICES: If you enter the CONNECT command without a
destination, the terminal server searches for a predefined preferred LAT service or a
preferred Telnet destination. Preferred services are defined by the network manager, but
you can check to see if a preferred service has been defined for your port with the
SHOW|LIST PORTS CHARACTERISTICS command.
893-386-B 3-5
Loading...