Nortel Networks 3395A, 3395 User Manual

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Page 1

Using the Model 3395/3395A

APGEN Utility

SynOptics Communications, Inc.

4401 Great America Parkway

Santa Clara, CA 95052-8185

(408) 988-2400

893-769-A July 1994

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Trademarks

SynOptics Communications, SynOptics, Optivity, and LattisNet are registered trademarks of SynOptics Communications, Inc. System 3000 and SynOptics Press are trademarks of SynOptics Communications, Inc.

Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, SynOptics Communications, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

SynOptics Communications, Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If it is not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference at their own expense.

Electromagnetic Emissions

Meets requirements of: FCC Part 15, Subparts A and B, Class A EN 55 022 (CISPR 22:1985), Class A General License VDE 0871, Class B (AmtsblVfg No. 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992) VCCI Class 1 ITE

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Preface

Organization................................................................................................................................................vii

Conventions................................................................................................................................................viii

Related Documentation .............................................................................................................................. ix

SynOptics Customer Support......................................................................................................................ix

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Model 3395 Host-based Management

Support for Load Servers and Parameter Servers....................................................................................... 1-2

SynOptics Network Management Products................................................................................................ 1-3

Optivity................................................................................................................................................ 1-3

SNMP.................................................................................................................................................. 1-3

Terminal Server Host-based Management Features.................................................................................. 1-4

The csportd Daemon............................................................................................................................ 1-4

Command Scripts ................................................................................................................................ 1-4

Dial-back Scripts ................................................................................................................................. 1-5

Nested Menus......................................................................................................................................1-5

The APGEN Utility .................................................................................................................................... 1-5

Chapter 2 - Installing the APGEN Utility

General Network Configuration ................................................................................................................. 2-1

Configuring the Terminal Server for Use with APGEN ............................................................................ 2-2

Defining a UNIX Host as a Parameter Server..................................................................................... 2-2

Defining the UNIX Script Server........................................................................................................ 2-3

Configuring the UNIX Host as a Script Server.......................................................................................... 2-3

Directory Requirements....................................................................................................................... 2-4

The Secure TFTP Option..................................................................................................................... 2-5

Running the APGEN Installation Script..................................................................................................... 2-5

Chapter 3 - Using the APGEN Utility

Using the APGEN Command and Options ................................................................................................ 3-2

Creating the APGEN Script File................................................................................................................. 3-4

Using the -verbose Option................................................................................................................... 3-4

About Comment Lines in the Script.................................................................................................... 3-5

Converting the Entire Parameter File With the -all Option................................................................. 3-5

Converting a Portion of a Parameter File............................................................................................ 3-10

Editing the Script File to Modify Command Lines.................................................................................... 3-11

Changing the Values of Terminal Server Characteristics....................................................................3-11

Entering Terminal Server Passwords .................................................................................................. 3-11

Enabling Configurable and Keyed Features........................................................................................ 3-12

Executing the APGEN Script File..............................................................................................................3-15

Initializing the Terminal Server After Running a Script..................................................................... 3-17

Troubleshooting the Script File........................................................................................................... 3-17

Updating APGEN Script Files.................................................................................................................... 3-18

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Chapter 4 - Using UNIX Utilities With APGEN Script Files

Using the diff Utility to Compare Two APGEN Script Files .....................................................................4-1

Creating a File with the diff Utility......................................................................................................4-1

Using the grep Utility to Search Through an APGEN file..........................................................................4-3

Displaying Command Lines ................................................................................................................4-3

Creating a Script File ...........................................................................................................................4-4

Appendix A - A Sample APGEN -all Script Appendix B - A Sample APGEN -verbose Script

Index

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Figures

1-1 Different types of hosts on the network........................................................................................... 1-1

1-2 A portion of an APGEN script file................................................................................................... 1-6

1-3 Sending APGEN script files to terminal servers on the network..................................................... 1-7

2-1 A network configuration that supports the APGEN utility.............................................................. 2-2

2-2 An example of a script server directory structure............................................................................ 2-4

2-3 APGEN files .................................................................................................................................... 2-6

3-1 A parameter file header from an APGEN script file........................................................................ 3-4

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Preface

This manual introduces some of the tools that you can use to manage the Model 3395 Terminal Server from a host on the network. In particular, it describes how to use the Model 3395 ASCII Parameter File Generator (APGEN) utility. This utility converts a binary terminal server parameter file into an ASCII script file, which you can download from the host to a communications server.

This manual is for network managers who update and maintain Model 3395 Terminal Server parameter files, and who have some knowledge of the UNIX operating system. This manual assumes that the terminal server hardware is installed, and that the server is running with a load image and a parameter file. Readers will use this manual with other terminal server documentation, listed at the end of this Preface.

Organization

This manual contains the following chapters: Chapter 1 Introduces different Model 3395 host-based management products, including the APGEN

utility.

Chapter 2 Describes how to configure the UNIX host and the terminal server to support the

APGEN utility. This chapter also describes how to install the APGEN utility on the UNIX host with the Install script.

Chapter 3 Describes how to use the apgen command to create ASCII script files, how to edit these

files, and how to execute a script file from the terminal server. Chapter 4 Describes how to use UNIX tools, including diff and grep, to analyze APGEN script files. Appendix A Includes a complete APGEN script created with the -all option. Appendix B Includes a complete APGEN script created with the -verbose option.

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Preface

Conventions

Throughout this manual, the word “Enter” means type something and then press the <New Line>, <Return>, or <Enter> key; for example, “Enter the apgen command” means type the word apgen and then press the <New Line>, <Return>, or <Enter> key.

This manual also uses the following conventions:

command required [optional] [

Where Means

command You must enter the command, or its accepted abbreviation, as shown. required You must enter an argument, or its accepted abbreviation, as shown. [optional] You have the option of entering this argument or variable. Do not

[

optional

Additionally, this manual uses certain symbols in special ways:

Symbol Means

TS3395> This is the default Model 3395 command interface prompt at Nonprivileged ports. TS3395>> This is the default Model 3395 command interface prompt at Privileged ports. % This is the UNIX C shell prompt.

In examples, this manual uses

This typeface to show your entry and the responses and screens from the Model 3395 Terminal Server.

This typeface to show responses from remote hosts and devices on the network. This typeface also shows commands or arguments that are variable, such as “hostname.”

] type the [optional] brackets; they only set off what is optional.

optional

]

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Preface

SynOptics Customer Support

For assistance with installing and configuring your SynOptics systems or for post-installation questions or problems, contact your local reseller. If you cannot contact your local reseller, call the SynOptics Technical Response Center (TRC) Contract Hotline.

To contact the TRC Contract Hotline, call:

• U.S. and Canada: 1-800-473-4911

• Europe: 011-31-3480-31616

• Rest of the world: 408-764-1000 Technical information is available from the SynOptics InfoFACTS fax-on-demand system by calling:

• U.S. and Canada: 1-800-786-3228

• International: 408-764-1002 You can also access technical information in the SynOptics forum on CompuServe. For information about our education services, contact the SynOptics Training Coordinator at

1-800-473-4911 or 408-764-1018.

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Chapter 1

Introduction to Model 3395

Host-Based Management

The Model 3395 Terminal Server includes several tools that allow you to manage them from a host on the network. Command scripts and the ASCII Parameter File Generator utility (APGEN), are part of the terminal server software package. This chapter briefly describes several different host-based tools and how they can help you manage your Model 3395. It also introduces the APGEN utility, which the remaining chapters of this book describe in detail.

Figure 1-1 shows a local area network (LAN) with different types of hosts that you can use to run the tools described in this chapter. Not every type of host supports every management tool.

Model 3000 Hub

VAX/ULTRIX Host

UNIX Host

with Model 3395

Terminal Server

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

Figure 1-1. Different types of hosts on the network

VAX/VMS Host

UNIX SUN

Workstation

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Introduction

The host-based management tools that Model 3395 Terminal Server offers to support its product line include the following:

• Support for Load Servers and Parameter Servers

• SynOptics Network Management Products

• Communications Server Host-Based Management Features

• The APGEN Utility The remaining chapters of this manual provide detailed information about the APGEN utility.

Support for Load Servers and Parameter Servers

UNIX® hosts and VAX hosts, running VMS or ULTRIX, can supply the operating software, or load image, to Model 3395 Terminal Servers on the network. These hosts can also maintain the parameter files for Model 3395 Terminal Servers and receive diagnostic files from these products if a problem occurs. Hosts that offer these services function as load servers, parameter servers, and dump servers for Model 3395 Terminal Servers.

You can configure one or more hosts as load servers and parameter servers while also using Model 3395 Terminal Servers as load servers and parameter servers. For example, you might use a Model 3395 Terminal Server as the primary load server and parameter server for other Model 3395 Terminal Servers in a System 3000 chassis. You can also use a host as a backup parameter server and another host as a back up load server for the products in the chassis.

When you order software from SynOptics, you specify whether you will need a UNIX kit or a VAX/VMS kit. SynOptics sends you the appropriate software kit and documentation for the load server. For more information about how to configure UNIX hosts and VAX/VMS hosts as load servers, parameter servers, and dump servers, see the following manuals:

• Model 3395 Terminal Server Software Installation Guide, UNIX (SynOptics part number 893-184-B), which describes procedures that you use to install Model 3395 software on UNIX hosts.

• Model 3395 Terminal Server Software Installation Guide, VMS (SynOptics part number 893-163-B), which describes procedures that you use to install Model 3395 software on VAX/VMS hosts.

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Introduction

SynOptics Network Management Products

SynOptics offers its own network management product, called Optivity, as well as support for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which is an industry standard protocol.

Optivity

Optivity is a software package for the management of SynOptics networks. Just as the Model 3395 Terminal Server is integrated into the System 3000 hub, management of the Model 3395 Terminal Server is integrated into the Optivity network management application. Optivity is designed to work with popular UNIX- and DOS-based management platforms such as Sun Microsystem's SunNet Manager, Novell's NetWare Management System, IBM's NetView/6000, and Hewlett-Packard's OpenView.

Contact your local SynOptics representative for more information on Optivity.

SNMP

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet protocol defined by RFC1157 that specifies how network management information is carried through a network. Model 3395 Terminal Servers store information defined in RFC 1213, Management Information Base (MIB), as well as many other standard and Model 3395 MIBs. This information is available when requested through SNMP.

Refer to the software documentation supplied with your Model 3395 Terminal Server for more information about SNMP support.

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Introduction

Terminal Server Host-based Management Features

The terminal server software package provides several features that you can use on a host to manage terminal servers on the network. These include the following:

• The Csportd daemon

• Command scripts

• Dial-back scripts

• Nested menus

The Software Management Guide for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server describes these features in detail. The APGEN utility, another communications server host-based management feature, is described in the next section.

The csportd Daemon

The csportd daemon is a UNIX host-based daemon that you use to make connections to a port and transfer, or pipe, data to and from that port. You can use this connection to send a file or user data to a port, for printing to PostScript printers, or as a permanent connection between a host and a specific port. The csportd daemon is a Model 3395-proprietary daemon that you implement as a utility at a UNIX host. You can use csportd in place the of the tsvr_ptyd daemon and tsvr_filter, although Model 3395 Terminal Servers still includes these features in the terminal server software kit.

The csportd daemon comes with an installation script and a MAN page. You copy it from a UNIX media kit onto the host, and then install it with the installation script. You can install the csportd daemon on any UNIX host running BSD and AT&T System V UNIX operating systems, and has also been tested on hosts running the AIX, MIPS, HP/UX, and ULTRIX operating systems.

Command Scripts

The Model 3395 script feature allows you to create a file, or script, that contains one or more Model 3395 commands and to store the script on a host, or script server. UNIX hosts and VAX/VMS hosts can function as command script servers. When you execute the SCRIPT command on the terminal server, the host downloads the script to the terminal server. The command processor on the terminal server automatically executes the commands.

You can configure a terminal server port to request the script file automatically when a user logs on to the port, or you can allow the user to request the script file. You create script files on the script server using a text editor. The script server can be a host system that supports the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).

The way you use scripts to manage terminal server ports depends on the content of the script file and whether or not you configure the port to execute the script automatically or allow the user to execute the script.

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Introduction

Dial-back Scripts

If a port on a terminal server is a “dial-back” modem port, you can create a dial-back script to enhance security on the modem port. The dial-back script specifies the telephone number to dial when a specific user attempts to log on to the server through a modem. If the terminal server cannot find a script file for that user, it will not permit the user to log in. If it does find a script file for the user, the server will cause the modem to dial back that user at a designated telephone number. You can use the dial-back script with a login script for dial-back ports.

Nested Menus

The Nested Menus feature allows you to create a series of menus with options that can execute terminal server commands or open another menu. You create the nested menus in a menu file which resides on a host defined as a script server. The terminal server obtains the menu file from the script server and uses the menus to override the Model 3395 command interface. You can enable or require nested menus at specific ports or in a user's login script.

If you require nested menus at a port, you can prevent users at that port from gaining access to the Model 3395 command interface. The users will only have access to the options on the menu. To change these options, you can modify the menu file on the host.

The APGEN Utility

The ASCII Parameter File Generator (APGEN) utility, which runs on a UNIX host, converts a binary communications server parameter file to an ASCII script file. The script file contains the Model 3395 DEFINE commands that specify the values for parameters on the terminal server. You download the script file from the host to a terminal server on the network with the Model 3395 SCRIPT command. The APGEN utility can convert compressed or uncompressed parameter files.

The following Model 3395 Terminal Server products support the APGEN Utility:

• Terminal servers, running version 5.1 or greater of Model 3395 software

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Introduction

Figure 1-2 represents a part of an APGEN script file for a terminal server. This portion of the script file lists the commands which define terminal server features.

#echo Server Features # # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TELNET ENABLED LAT ENABLED DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL PPP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL SNMP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TN3270 DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XPRINTER ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XREMOTE DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL ARAP DISABLED DEFINE SERVER RLOGIN ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL ETHERNET ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL MAC DISABLED DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS DISABLED #

Figure 1-2. A portion of an APGEN script file

Chapter 3 and Appendixes A and B include more examples of APGEN script files. The apgen command, which creates the script file, allows you to convert an entire parameter file or just a

portion of it which includes the commands that define a particular feature. You can create a script file that includes only the server features in Figure 1-2 for example. These smaller scripts take less time to edit and execute than larger files, and provide an efficient method changing a limited portion of the parameter file.

Once you create the script file, you can edit it with any ASCII text editor. You can enable and disable features, specify particular values for characteristics, and change text strings. The result is a script that represents a tailored parameter file that you can download to terminal servers anywhere on the network. APGEN script files also provide a record if the parameters available on a particular terminal server and their status at any given time.

You can create APGEN script files for each type of terminal server on your network. Figure 1-3 represents a UNIX script server sending APGEN script files to the different types of terminal servers on a LAN.

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Introduction

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

UNIX Host with

APGEN Script Files

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

LAN

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

Figure 1-3. Sending APGEN script files to terminal servers on the network

A user at a terminal server on the network in Figure 1-3 can execute the SCRIPT command to download the APGEN script from the script server. The user then initializes the communications server for the DEFINE commands in the script to take effect. You can use UNIX utilities, such as diff and grep, to analyze different script files on the host through compare and search functions.

The remaining chapters of this book describe how to install and use the APGEN utility. These chapters provide the following information:

• How to install the apgen utility

• How to create apgen scripts

• How to use UNIX utilities to analyze APGEN scripts

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Chapter 2

Installing the APGEN Utility

The APGEN utility comes with an installation script and a MAN page. You copy the utility from a Model 3395 UNIX media kit into a directory on the UNIX host, then install it using the installation script. You can install the APGEN utility on any UNIX host running the BSD or the AT&T System V UNIX operating systems. It has also been tested on hosts running the AIX, MIPS, HP/UX, and ULTRIX operating systems.

This chapter includes the following information about APGEN:

• General network configuration

• Configuring the terminal server for use with APGEN

• Configuring the UNIX host as a script server

• Running the APGEN installation script

General Network Configuration

To use the APGEN utility, you need to configure a UNIX host as a parameter server and as a script server. These can be the same host or different hosts on the network. Figure 2-1 represents a network configuration with a UNIX host running APGEN that also functions as the parameter and the script server.

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Installing the APGEN Utility

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

LAN

VAX/ULTRIX Host

Backup

Parameter

Server

UNIX Host

Running APGEN

Parameter

Server

Script

Server

Model 3000 Hub with Model 3395

Terminal Server

Figure 2-1. A network configuration that supports the APGEN utility

In Figure 2-1, the UNIX host running the APGEN utility is also a parameter server and a script server for the terminal servers in the System 3000 hubs. To obtain an APGEN script file, a user on a terminal server enters the Model 3395 SCRIPT command with the pathname and filename of the script file on the host. This UNIX host can then download the script file to the terminal server.

Configuring the Terminal Server for Use with APGEN

Your terminal server may already have a UNIX host defined as a parameter server and a script server. If not, you need to define one or more hosts for this purpose to use the APGEN utility. You can use the same or different hosts. You must also be sure that Telnet is enabled on the terminal server , and that you have assigned an Internet address to it.

Defining a UNIX Host as a Parameter Server

The APGEN utility uses a parameter file on a UNIX host to create the script file. You can copy a parameter file from some other source, such as a VAX/VMS host, onto a UNIX host, or you can assign a UNIX host as a parameter server. Use the following commands to do this:

DEFINE/SET PARAMETER SERVER

address

node-name

INTERNET ADDRESS

internet-

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Installing the APGEN Utility

The following are examples of these commands:

TS3395>> define parameter server xip internet address 140.179.82.6 TS3395>> set parameter server xip internet address 140.179.82.6 TS3395>>

You can use other types of hosts as back-up parameter servers.

Defining the UNIX Script Server

Assign the Internet address of the UNIX script server and the pathname to the script directory with the following commands:

DEFINE/SET SERVER SCRIPT SERVER

The following are examples of these commands:

TS3395>> define server script server 140.170.82.6 "/tftpboot" TS3395>> set server script server 140.179.82.6 "/tftpboot" TS3395>>

The next section describes how to configure the UNIX host as a script server.

domain-name "directory-path internet-address "directory-path

Configuring the UNIX Host as a Script Server

Follow these steps to select one or more script servers and create a directory for the APGEN script file on the script servers.

• Determine which hosts will act as script servers. Script servers must run TFTP. Each terminal server can have a maximum of four script servers. You can use two or more hosts as back-up script servers.

• Set up a directory to contain the APGEN file on each script server. Consider the TFTP guidelines described in the next section, “Directory Requirements,” before you do this.

• Create a directory to contain the APGEN script file. On some UNIX systems, you can create a toplevel directory for the APGEN file only, rather than using a directory that already contains many files such as /usr, /bin, /tftpboot, or /etc. Systems running with the tftp secure option enabled may require that you place the APGEN file in /tftpboot.

Figure 2-2 illustrates how you can set up a directory to contain the APGEN script files under the directory /tftpboot. In Figure 2-2, the directory apgen will contain the APGEN script files. The examples which follow show how to create this directory on a UNIX host.

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Installing the APGEN Utility

/tftpboot

/apgen

Figure 2-2. An example of a script server directory structure

The following command creates the apgen directory on a UNIX host:

% cd /tftpboot % mkdir apgen %

Directory Requirements

The script server downloads APGEN script files to the terminal server through the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP). UNIX systems usually require that you locate all files that TFTP will transfer on the network in the TFTP “home directory” of the UNIX system. Most UNIX systems allow you to specify the TFTP home directory or use a default home directory. The default TFTP home directory varies from system to system. Follow the configuration instructions for the TFTP daemon (tftpd) in system documentation, such as MAN pages, to determine how to locate the TFTP home directory.

On Sun Workstations, for example, the MAN page for tftpd says that the home directory is specified in the /etc/inetd.conf file, and that the factory default home directory is /tftpboot. On this system, you can examine the tftp entry in the /etc/inetd.conf file to see if the host is using the default home directory or a user-specified home directory. Place the script files in the home directory.

To simplify configuration or to prevent the TFTP home directory from becoming cluttered, you can place script files in a directory other than the TFTP home directory. To do this, create a link from the TFTP home directory to the directory containing the script files, so that the TFTP daemon can locate the files. Give this link appropriate file permissions using commands in this form:

% cd

tftp-home

% ln -s

script-directory-path script-directory-name

-directory

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The following example applies to Sun Workstations. The default TFTP home directory is /tftpboot and the scripts reside in a directory named scripts. The following commands create a link from /tftpboot to scripts:

% cd /tftpboot % ln -s /usr/synoptics/scripts scripts

You may need to enable superuser mode to enter these commands.

The Secure TFTP Option

A UNIX system may be configured for secure TFTP operation. Some implementations, for example, can limit TFTP to certain directories. If this is the case, you must place all files in a particular home directory, or in a subdirectory of the home directory. If the files are not located there, TFTP will not find them. For example, SunOS and some others use a TFTP daemon -s (secure) option that restricts TFTP access to a particular directory and its subdirectories. Sun Workstations are normally configured with this option enabled. If you examine the /etc/inetd.conf file, you will see an entry similar to -s /tftpboot in the tftpd entry. Other vendors may use a different method. The MAN pages on tftp, tftpd, and inetd.conf describe directory and security requirements on your UNIX system.

Running the APGEN Installation Script

The Model 3395 distribution media includes the APGEN installation script, MAN page, and C source code in a tar archive named apgen.tar. Use the following procedure to install these items on your UNIX system:

• Log on to the UNIX host. You must log on as root to install the host utilities package in the apgen.tar archive. Enable Superuser mode with the su command.

• Move to the directory where you want APGEN to reside. For example, if APGEN will reside in /usr/synoptics, move there:

% cd /usr/synoptics

• Load the distribution tape onto a tape drive, then copy the apgen.tar archive to the UNIX system. You can copy the archive to any directory using a tar command of this form:

% tar xvf /dev/rst8 apgen.tar

Note: For nine-track tapes, be sure to use the correct tape-drive-device-name to match the format

(QIC11 or QIC24) of the tape.

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Installing the APGEN Utility

On Sun workstations, for example, use the following command to extract the apgen.tar archive from a QIC24 tape:

% tar xvf /dev/rst8 apgen.tar

• Unpack the apgen.tar archive, using a tar command of this form:

% tar xvf apgen.tar

You can delete the apgen.tar archive when the command completes and the files have been extracted from the archive.

The tar utility automatically copies files and subdirectories from the apgen.tar archive into the appropriate directories. For example, this utility copies the APGEN C source file (apgen.c) and other APGEN files into src/apgen, a subdirectory of src/. It copies MAN pages into the man/cat/and man/src/ directories. You can change the location of these items when you run the installation script. Figure 2-3 illustrates this directory structure and shows all the APGEN files in src/apgen/.

.release Install ReadMe src/

man/

cat/

apgen.l

src/

apgen.l

Figure 2-3. APGEN files

The text document ReadMe contains some simple installation instructions, warnings, a list of known problems, information about new host types that can be supported, as well as other up-todate information about the Install script and the APGEN utility.

apgen/

Makefile

apgen.h

param_data.h

print_param.c

apgen.c

uncompress_param.c

utils.c

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Installing the APGEN Utility

• Run the APGEN installation script. Unless you use the -d argument with the Install command, the script prompts you for information while it is executing. This information helps to determine the best way to install or compile the source file. The prompts vary according to the UNIX implementation, the particular C compiler and libraries, and the directory structure on the host.

In most situations, you can accept the defaults. To do this, enter the following, hitting the <Return> key twice:

% Install -d

To run the install script with prompts, enter the following:

% Install

The install script is a Bourne shell script. For supported hosts, the script automatically determines the host type, looks for libraries, and installs software into default locations.

Each prompt includes the default choice in brackets. To accept the default choice, press the <Return> key. To enter a different choice, enter the choice and press the <Return> key. For example, the first prompt that usually appears on the screen is the following:

Where do you want the executables installed (~name ok)? [/usr/local/bin]

If you want the script to move the APGEN utility into /usr/local/bin, press the <Return> key and the script will continue. If you want the APGEN utility in a different location, enter the pathname and press the <Return> key. Some prompts will include the option to use the ~name construct. This allows you to direct the script to use the default login directory belonging to the user specified in the ~name variable. For example, if you specified ~gsmith, the script will move the executable image into the log login directory of user gsmith.

If you cannot respond to a prompt from the script, you can use the ! command to escape from the shell and execute a command or start a subshell. You might want to do this to obtain the names of libraries or the location of a directory.

While it is executing, the script displays status messages describing the installation process, and the following prompt:

[Type carriage return to continue]

Press the <Return> key when you are ready to proceed with the script.

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Installing the APGEN Utility

• The script displays the message “Install Done” when the APGEN installation is complete. The script generates a log file called Install.out, which includes a record of the libraries and directories used for the installation, as well as any errors which prevented the installation.

When the APGEN installation successfully completes, the output is an executable APGEN image. You can use this to convert parameter files into executable script files. The next chapter, “Using the APGEN Utility,” describes various ways to use the APGEN utility with terminal server parameter files.

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Chapter 3

Using the APGEN Utility

The APGEN utility creates an ASCII text file from a compressed or an uncompressed binary parameter file. This script file contains a list of DEFINE commands that specify the characteristics of features and protocols available on a terminal server. You can use this script file to do the following:

• Maintain a record of features and protocols available on a terminal server, and their status

• Update parameter files of several terminal servers from a central location

• Compare it with other script files to determine the differences between the parameter files of two terminal servers or the old and new parameter file of the same server

You can also generate scripts that include only those commands that define particular features and protocols. These limited scripts provide an efficient way of updating portions of a parameter file, and allow you to determine the status of a feature or protocol quickly and easily.

This chapter includes the following information about how to create an APGEN file, edit it, and execute it on a terminal server:

• Using the apgen command and options

• Creating the APGEN script file

• Editing the script file to modify command lines

• Executing the APGEN script file

• Updating APGEN script files

This chapter assumes that you have installed the APGEN utility on a UNIX host. Chapter 2 describes the installation procedure in detail. Chapter 4 describes how to use UNIX utilities to compare and search through script files.

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Using the apgen Command and Options

You execute the APGEN utility on a UNIX host with the apgen command. The command supports several options which determine how much of the parameter file it converts: all of the file, or only a portion that controls a specific feature or group of features. For example, you can convert only Kerberos characteristics or only port-specific characteristics.

The syntax for the apgen command is the following:

apgen [-

Where Means

[-option...-option...] Any of the apgen options. If you do not specify an option, the apgen command

parameter-file The pathname of the binary parameter file. [output-file] The pathname and name of the executable script file. This is optional. If you

option

...-

option

displays the parameter file header only. This is a list of parameter file information at the beginning of the script and contains no commands.

do not specify an output file, the APGEN utility writes the script to stdout, which is the terminal screen.

...]

parameter-file

[

output-file

]

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Option Converts this part of the parameter file:

-all The entire parameter file.

-arap AppleTalk Remote Access Protocol (ARAP) data.

-daemons UNIX daemons data.

-domain All domain data.

-features Terminal server features.

-ip Internet data.

-kerberos Kerberos data.

-lineedit Port line editing data.

-lpd UNIX LPD daemon data.

-manager Manager data.

-menu Menu and nested menu data.

-nvs nonVolatile Storage (NVS) data.

-parameter Parameter server data.

-port[:port-number | all] Port data for the port you specify in the port-number variable or for all ports. If you do not

specify a port number, APGEN converts all ports. To specify more than one port, but not all, repeat the -port argument with the port number for the ports you want. This option overrides the arap, -kerberos, -lineedit, -menu, -ppp, -securid, -security, -session, -slip, -telnet, and -xremote options.

-ppp Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) data.

-rotary Rotary data.

-route[:type] Routing data for the protocol type you specify in the type variable, which converts IP routing data. This is the default.

-script Script data.

-securid Securid data.

-security Security data.

-server All Server data. This option overrides the -daemons, -features, -ip, -kerberos, -menu, parameter, -ppp, and -snmp options.

-service LAT Service data.

-session Port session data.

-slip Port SLIP data.

-snmp Internet SNMP data.

-telnet Port Telnet data.

-tn3270 TN3270 data.

-verbose List data for each individual port. Use -verbose with one or more of the -all, -kerberos, lineedit, -menu, -port, -ppp, -security, -session, -slip, -telnet, and -xremote options.

-xprinter Xprinter data.

-xremote Xremote data.

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Creating the APGEN Script File

An APGEN script file has two parts: a header, which includes the line #control_script and information that describes the parameter file, and the set of DEFINE commands which specify terminal server parameters. Figure 3-1 shows a parameter file header from an APGEN script file. The header includes information such as the software version number, the hardware type, and whether or not the parameter file is compressed. Lines in the header are comments in the script. (The apgen command creates only the header if you enter it without one or more options.)

#control_script

# APGEN Version 1.1 # # Parameter File Header # # Version : 0x6A # Date : 25 Oct 1993 # Time : 18:59:02 # Parameter Load Type : 1 # Compressed : Yes # Software Type : 1 # Stored Format : 7 # Oldest Format : 3 # Hardware Type : 76 # Software Version : V5.2 # Product : Term Server #

Figure 3-1. A parameter file header from an APGEN script file

The remainder of the parameter file consists of DEFINE commands and comment lines. The script file lists the commands in functional categories such as server data, IP data, and parameter server information so that you can read the script more easily. This following sections shows two examples of APGEN script files. One is a complete parameter file, and one is a portion of a parameter file.

Using the -verbose Option

Unless you use the -verbose option, the APGEN utility combines commands that define features for individual ports into one command line if the values for these features are the same. For example, if all ports have DTRWAIT disabled, the script file lists DEFINE PORT ALL DTRWAIT DISABLED. This saves space in the file, and limits script execution time.

If you use the -verbose option with the apgen command, the script file will list the characteristics for each individual port. You use -verbose with other options. For example, using -verbose with -all creates a script which lists all characteristics for all ports. Using -verbose with -session creates a script which lists session characteristics for all ports. This option can create a very long script file. Appendix B shows a sample of verbose output.

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About Comment Lines in the Script

The pound sign # that begins some lines in a script file indicates that the following text is a comment

rather than an executable command. The command processor on the terminal server ignores these lines when it executes the script file.

The APGEN utility creates comment lines for commands associated with disabled features and protocols that are configurable or keyed. This reduces script execution time on the terminal server, and provides a way for you to easily determine which commands enable configurable and keyed features in the script file. If the TN3270 protocol is disabled, for example, all server and port TN3270 commands are comment lines. The terminal server ignores them during script execution. See the section “Enabling Configurable and Keyed Features,” later in this chapter, for more information about these features.

Some comment lines, beginning with #echo, provide status information during script execution. For example, the line #echo Server Features appears in the script before the commands that manage terminal server features. The line Server Features appears on the terminal server screen right before the script executes these commands.

Converting the Entire Parameter File With the -all Option

This example converts an entire binary parameter file to its ASCII equivalent with the

-all option, and stores the script in the file everything.apg. When the conversion is complete, the shell

prompt appears on the screen. This example assumes that the parameter file is in the /tftpboot directory, so only the filename is required on the command line.

% cd /tftpboot % apgen -all param-file.prm everything.apg %

The following example shows portions of the APGEN script file everything.apg. The dots(. . .) indicate

a break in the file. (Appendix A of this manual shows the entire script file.)

#control_script #

. .

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# # #echo Manager Load Data # # Products that use version 1 flash or ROM cards: GLOBAL, NODE # Products that use version 2 flash or ROM cards: NODE # Products that use version 3 flash or ROM cards: NODE #

. . .

#echo Script Server(s) # DEFINE SERVER SCRIPT SERVER 140.179.248.209 "/tftpboot" "/" # #echo Menu Prompt Information # # DEFINE SERVER MENU PROMPT "Enter number of selection or use arrow keys: " # DEFINE SERVER MENU CONTINUE PROMPT "press <RETURN> to continue... " #

. . .

#echo Server Data # DEFINE SERVER ANNOUNCEMENTS ENABLED DEFINE SERVER BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE SERVER CIRCUIT 80 DEFINE SERVER CONSOLE 0 DEFINE SERVER VERBOSE ACCOUNTING ENABLED DEFINE SERVER VERBOSE PRIORITY 7 LOG FACILITY LOCAL 0 DEFINE SERVER TEXTPOOL 16384 DEFINE SERVER LOCK ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IDENTIFICATION "Model 3395 Terminal Server" DEFINE SERVER IDENTIFICATION SIZE 63 DEFINE SERVER DUMP ENABLED DEFINE SERVER SOFTWARE TS3395.IMG DEFINE SERVER WELCOME "Welcome to the Model 3395 Terminal Server." DEFINE SERVER PACKET COUNT 80 DEFINE SERVER NAME XFF4B15 DEFINE SERVER NUMBER 0 # DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER LOGIN PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER MAINTENANCE PASSWORD <secret> DEFINE SERVER SERVICE GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE SERVER LAT SOLICITS DISABLED DEFINE SERVER TIMEZONE 00:00 DEFINE SERVER REPORT ERRORS DISABLED

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. . .

#echo Server Kerberos Information # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS SECURITY NONE # #echo Server Menu Information # DEFINE SERVER MENU ENABLED DEFINE SERVER NESTED MENU SIZE 5000 DEFINE SERVER NESTED MENU NAME "mymenu3" # #echo Server PPP Information # # DEFINE SERVER PPP PAP REMOTE PASSWORD <secret> # #echo IP Data # DEFINE SERVER INTERNET ADDRESS

140.179.248.218

DEFINE SERVER INTERNET BROADCAST ADDRESS

255.255.255.255

DEFINE SERVER INTERNET PRIMARY DOMAIN ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECONDARY DOMAIN ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET PRIMARY GATEWAY ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECONDARY GATEWAY ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK 255.255.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK AUTOCONFIGURE ENABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET NAME NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET DEFAULT DOMAIN SUFFIX NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TCP CONNECT TIMER 32 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TTL 64 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET DOMAIN TTL 0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TCP RESEQUENCING DISABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET IP REASSEMBLY DISABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET LOCAL BASE 4000 INCREMENT 100 #

. . .

# #echo Server Features # # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TELNET ENABLED LAT ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL MX800 DISABLED DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL PPP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL SNMP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TN3270 DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XPRINTER ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XREMOTE DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL ARAP DISABLED DEFINE SERVER RLOGIN ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL ETHERNET ENABLED

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DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL MAC DISABLED DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS DISABLED

. . .

# #echo *** Port Information *** # # #echo Port Characteristic Information # DEFINE PORT 0 MULTISESSIONS DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL MULTISESSIONS DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTHORIZED GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTHORIZED GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL BREAK LOCAL DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET PREFERRED SERVICE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 AUTOCONNECT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOCONNECT DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTODEDICATED DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTODEDICATED DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTOPROMPT ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOPROMPT ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 CONNECTRESUME DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL CONNECTRESUME DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 INACTIVITY LOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL INACTIVITY LOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 INTERRUPTS DISABLED

. . .

# #echo Port Modem and Related Information # DEFINE PORT 1-8 ACCESS LOCAL DEFINE PORT 9-16 ACCESS DYNAMIC DEFINE PORT ALL SPEED 9600 DEFINE PORT ALL CHARACTER SIZE 8 DEFINE PORT ALL PARITY NONE DEFINE PORT ALL STOP BITS 4 DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOBAUD ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL FLOW CONTROL XON DEFINE PORT ALL INPUT FLOW CONTROL ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL OUTPUT FLOW CONTROL ENABLED DEFINE PORT 1-8 MODEM CONTROL DISABLED DEFINE PORT 9-16 MODEM CONTROL ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DIALBACK TIMEOUT 20 DEFINE PORT ALL DCD TIMEOUT 2000 DEFINE PORT ALL DIALBACK DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DIALUP DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DSRLOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DSRWAIT DISABLED

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DEFINE PORT ALL DTRWAIT DISABLED

. . .

#echo Port ControlledPort Information # # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED PORT LOGIN "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED PORT LOGIN "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED PORT LOGOUT "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED PORT LOGOUT "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED SESSION INITIALIZE "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED SESSION INITIALIZE "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED SESSION TERMINATE "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED SESSION TERMINATE ""

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Converting a Portion of a Parameter File

You can create a script file that contains only those commands that define a particular feature or group of features. These scripts are smaller and more efficient to use if you want to update the status of one particular feature on a terminal server, rather than the entire parameter file. To create these scripts, use the appropriate option on the apgen command line. (Chapter 4 also describes how to create scripts from files created with the UNIX grep utility.)

The following apgen command, with the -session option, creates a script file that includes only the commands that manage port session characteristics.

%apgen -session xff4b15.prm session.apg %

The script file session.apg includes the following commands after the parameter file header:

#echo Port Session Information # DEFINE PORT 0 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT ALL BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT ALL FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 LOCAL SWITCH ~ DEFINE PORT ALL LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT ALL DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 0 SESSION LIMIT 4

DEFINE PORT ALL SESSION LIMIT 4

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Editing the Script File to Modify Command Lines

Once you create the script file, you may want to change the values in some of the command lines that define characteristics, features, protocols, and passwords. To do this, edit the file with any ASCII text editor. This section describes how to modify a script file in the following ways:

• Changing the values of terminal server characteristics

• Entering terminal server passwords

• Enabling configurable and keyed features

After you edit the script, you will have a parameter file tailored to the requirements of your network. You can then execute the script on terminal servers throughout your network.

Changing the Values of Terminal Server Characteristics

To modify a command that appears without the # symbol, edit the command line to define the appropriate value. For example, you might want to change the default Internet subnet mask. To do this, disable the SUBNET MASK AUTOCONFIGURE characteristic, and specify the new subnet mask. By default, the commands that control these characteristics appear like this for a class B Internet address:

DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK 255.255.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK AUTOCONFIGURE ENABLED

Edit these commands to include a nondefault subnet mask and to disable the AUTOCONFIGURE feature:

DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK 255.255.192.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK AUTOCONFIGURE DISABLED

Entering Terminal Server Passwords

A command which specifies a terminal server password appears in the script file as a comment line by default. The terminal server privileged password command, for example, appears like this:

# DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD <secret>

You can modify this command in two ways. You can replace <secret> with a password, or you can delete <secret> and require the user to enter a password during script execution. In both cases you delete the comment line symbol #.

Including the Password in the Script File

To use the script file to define the password, remove the pound sign # and replace <secret> with the password. The following example changes the privileged password to pswd123:

DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD "pswd123"

When you execute the script from the terminal server, the DEFINE command specifies the password without user intervention. Users with access to the script file can read the password, however, and this may compromise the security of the terminal server.

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Prompting the User for the Password

To have the terminal server user interface prompt the user for the password during script execution, remove

the pound sign # and delete <secret>. The following example modifies the command line for the privileged password in this way:

DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD

When you execute the script from the terminal server, the script displays the following prompt:

Password>

Enter the password, which does not appear on the screen. The script then prompts you to enter it again:

Verification>

Enter the password again. If you enter the correct password, the script continues executing. If you enter an incorrect password, the script displays an error message and continues executing.

Enabling Configurable and Keyed Features

The terminal server allocates memory to certain features and protocols only when you enable them. When you disable them, the memory is freed for other purposes. These are configurable features. Keyed features use memory only when enabled, but also require a software password or “key” to enable them. The

Software Management Guide for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server and Commands Reference for the Model 3395/3395A Terminal Server describe keyed features in detail. Contact your SynOptics sales

representative if you need to obtain a software key for a feature. When a configurable or keyed feature is disabled, the script file includes a comment line indicating this, and

lists some commands associated with the feature as comment lines. Other commands associated with the feature do not appear at all until you enable it.

Enabling a configurable or keyed feature with an APGEN script is a multistep process. Follow these steps to enable a configurable or keyed feature with an APGEN script:

• Edit the command in the script file to enable the feature. To do this, remove the # symbol from the beginning of the command line and change DISABLED to ENABLED.

• Execute the script file on the terminal server. If the feature requires a software ”key,” or password, the interface prompts you to enter it during the script execution. Enter the password and press the <Return> key.

When script file execution is complete, wait for about one minute while the terminal server writes out the new parameters to the parameter server. The Storage State field of the Monitor Parameter Server screen displays an Idle state when the update is complete.

• Initialize the terminal server after it has updated the parameter server.

• Execute the apgen command on the new parameter file. You can use the option which converts only those characteristics for the particular feature such as -tn3270 or -kerberos.

• Edit the commands in the script associated with the enabled feature.

• Execute the new APGEN file on the terminal server to change the values of characteristics associated with the enabled feature.

• Initialize the terminal server again after it has written out the updated parameters to the parameter server to enable the DEFINE commands.

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Note: If you need to enable only one or two configurable features on one or two terminal servers,

you may want to do it directly through the Model 3395 command interface.

The following two sections show examples of how to enable Kerberos, which is a configurable feature, and how to enable TN3270, which is a keyed feature.

Enabling the Kerberos Feature

Kerberos, an Internet network authentication service, is a configurable feature. Follow these steps to enable Kerberos or any other configurable feature:

• Edit the script file to enable the Kerberos feature.

DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS ENABLED

• Execute the script file on the terminal server.

• Initialize the terminal server after it has updated the parameter server.

• Execute the apgen command on the new parameter file. This example uses the

-kerberos option to create a file with only Kerberos commands:

% apgen -kerberos param-file.prm kerberos.apg

• Edit the script file to modify the Kerberos commands. For example, the Kerberos feature requires that you specify an Internet host as a Kerberos master. To do this, edit the following command line:

# DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS MASTER NONE

You can specify a Kerberos master with an Internet address as in this example:

DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS MASTER 140.179.224.100

• Execute the new script file, with modified Kerberos commands, on the terminal server.

• Initialize the terminal server again to update the parameter file.

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Enabling the TN3270 Protocol

TN3270, a protocol which allows users to communicate with an IBM host over the LAN, is a keyed feature. Follow these steps to enable TN3270 or any other keyed feature:

• Edit the script file to enable the TN3270 protocol.

DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TN3270 ENABLED

• Execute the script file on the terminal server. The interface will prompt you for the software “key,” or password, for the feature. Enter the password and press the <New Line> key.

tn3270 password>

The password does not appear on the screen when you enter it.

• Initialize the terminal server after it has updated the parameter server.

• Execute the apgen command on the new parameter file. This example uses the

-tn3270 option to create a file with only TN3270 commands:

% apgen -tn3270 param-file.prm tn3270.apg

• Edit the script file to modify the TN3270 commands. For example, you might need to enable the TN3270 extended attributes features on some ports. To do this, edit the following command line:

# DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 XTDATTRS DISABLED

You can enable extended attributes on specific ports as in this example:

DEFINE PORTS 1-6 TELNET TN3270 XTDATTRS ENABLED

• Execute the new script file, with modified TN3270 commands, on the terminal server.

• Initialize the terminal server again to update the parameter file.

xxxxx

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Executing the APGEN Script File

To execute the APGEN script file from the terminal server command interface, enter the SCRIPT command with the pathname and filename of the script. If the script file resides in the tftp root directory on the script server, usually /tftpboot, you can simply enter the filename. If the script file resides in some other directory on the script server, include the pathname and the filename.

The script may prompt you to enter terminal server passwords or software “keys” during execution. Enter the password and press the <New Line> key. If you enter an incorrect password, the script displays an error message and continues executing.

In the following example, the script file resides in /tftpboot, so the command includes only the filename. As the script executes, it can display (echo) text in the script describing each features that it is processing, although you can edit out these #echo lines. The following example shows the default display for a Model 3395A Terminal Server while executing an APGEN script file containing all parameters and features.

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TS3395>> script "everything.apg" Searching for script file. Please wait . . .

Manager Data Manager Load Data Script Server(s) Menu Prompt Information Kerberos Information Secure Id Data XRemote Information Server Data Limits Timers Server Kerberos Information Server Menu Information Server PPP Information Ip Data Internet SNMP Parameter Server Information Server Features Features Daemons ARAP Server Information Port Information Port Characteristic Information Port Modem and Related Information Port Internet Information Port Session Information Port Security Information Port Menu Information Port Nested Menu Information Port Line Information Port Kerberos Information Port Telnet Information Port Slip Information Port Xremote Information Port PPP Information Port ARAP Information Port CCL Information Port Secure ID Information Port ControlledPort Information TS3395>>

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If you are not sure of the location of the script server or the default (root) script server directory path, use the SHOW SCRIPT SERVER command:

TS3395> show script server

TS/720 V5.2 Rom 470003 HW 00.02.00 Lat Protocol V5.2 Uptime: 118 23:21:23

Address:00-00-81-FF-4B-15 Name:XFF4B15 Ethernet:A Number: 0 Script Servers: Entry 1: 140.179.305.248 /tftpboot/scripts /

The display shows the domain name or Internet address of the script server and the location of the script file.

Initializing the Terminal Server After Running a Script

After you execute the script file, initialize the terminal server. This updates the permanent database and causes the DEFINE commands in the script to take effect. If you have the CHANGE feature enabled, some commands will take effect immediately, because this feature updates the permanent and operational databases. If you have modified commands in the script file to enable configurable or keyed features, you will need to modify the script and execute it again. See the section “Enabling Configurable and Keyed Features,” earlier in this chapter, for more information about this process.

Troubleshooting the Script File

If a command line in the script file contains an error, the command interface displays an error message and continues executing the script. For example, the following message appears during script execution if the DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK command specifies an invalid subnet mask:

. . . Server Menu Information Server PPP Information Ip Data Model 3395 -703- Value invalid or out of range "1288" Internet SNMP Parameter Server Information Server Features . . .

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The position of the error message relative to the comment lines on the screen indicates where the error occurred: in the section that defines Internet characteristics (Ip Data). To correct the error, open the script file and find the section on Ip data. Then locate the invalid value.

In this example, the following command has the invalid value:

DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK 1288.3.0.100

Edit the command line to correct the error. You can then execute the script again, or enter the DEFINE command through the Model 3395 command interface on the terminal server.

Updating APGEN Script Files

When users modify features with DEFINE commands from the terminal server, the server updates the parameter file on the parameter server. To ensure that the APGEN script file for a terminal server reflects the most current version of the parameter file, run the utility at regular intervals on the parameter file to create a current script file. To compare the differences between an old script file and a current script file, use the UNIX diff utility, described in Chapter 4.

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Chapter 4

Using UNIX Utilities with APGEN Script

Files

Several UNIX utilities allow you to search through, edit, and compare APGEN script files. These tools are particularly useful when you need to manage large scripts with many commands created with the -all or verbose options. This chapter describes some of the basic uses for these tools with APGEN scripts, including the following information:

• Using the diff utility to compare two APGEN files

• Using the grep utility to search through an APGEN file For more information about UNIX tools, refer to the UNIX documentation for your system.

Using the diff Utility to Compare Two APGEN Script Files

The diff utility compares two files and lists their differences in the output file you specify. You can compare the differences between the old and new versions of a parameter file from the same terminal server. Or, you can compare the differences between the parameter files of two different terminal servers. Some common uses for these comparisons include the following:

• To determine the reason that performance is better on one terminal server compared to another, or to learn why the performance on the same terminal server has changed over time

• To determine why a particular feature works on one terminal server but does not work on another

• To create files which log changes in a parameter file over time

See the man pages on your UNIX system for complete information about the diff command.

Creating a File With the diff Utility

The following example compares an old parameter file with a new parameter file. Use the same process to compare any two APGEN files.

Create an APGEN file from the current parameter file, param.prm:

%apgen -all /tftpboot/param.prm param.now %

Create an APGEN file from the backup parameter file, param.bck:

%apgen -all /tftpboot/param.bck param.old %

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Use the diff command to create a file which lists the differences between the two files. This examples sends the output to a file called result.file. If you do not specify an output file, the utility displays the commands on the screen. In this example the dots (. . .) indicate a break in the file:

% diff param.now param.old >result.file %

% more result.file

. . .

> #echo Default Security Information 30,32c27,28 < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER LOAD DISABLED < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER LOAD MERIT 9 < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER SIMULTANEOUS 4

--> DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SECURITY DEFAULT INBOUND ALLOW > DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SECURITY DEFAULT OUTBOUND ALLOW 34,188d29 < # < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER DUMP DISABLED < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER DUMP MERIT 9 < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER DUMP SIZE SMALL < # DEFINE SERVER MANAGER LOG FILE 20 < #

. . .

> DEFINE SERVER MULTISESSIONS DISABLED > DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECURITY ENABLED 450,463d165 < #echo Daemons < # < DEFINE SERVER DAEMON LPD DISABLED < DEFINE SERVER DAEMON FINGERD DISABLED < DEFINE SERVER DAEMON RWHOD DISABLED < DEFINE SERVER DAEMON ROUTED DISABLED < DEFINE SERVER DAEMON SYSLOGD DISABLED < # < #echo ARAP Server Information < # < # DEFINE SERVER ARAP NODE NAME NONE < # DEFINE SERVER ARAP DEFAULT ZONE NONE < # DEFINE SERVER ARAP PASSWORD <SECRET> < # 469,470c171,176 < DEFINE PORT 0 MULTISESSIONS DISABLED < DEFINE PORT ALL MULTISESSIONS DISABLED

---

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Using UNIX Tool With APGEN Script Files

The result of the diff command shows a list of lines from both scripts. Lines preceded with the < character appear in the first file, but not the second. Lines preceded with the > character appear in the second file, but not the first. From this information, you can determine which features are enabled in one file but not the other, or the value of a particular feature in one file and in the other if they are different.

Using the grep Utility to Search Through an APGEN File

The grep utility, including egrep and fgrep, searches through a file for the text strings you specify. You can write the output to the screen, or to another file that you can edit and modify. Some common uses of the grep utility with APGEN script files are the following:

• To extract and display a limited number of command lines from a script file and determine their status

• To extract a limited number of command lines from a script file, write them to another file and create a script from the new file

See the man pages on your UNIX system for complete information about the grep, egrep, and fgrep commands.

Displaying Command Lines

The grep utility is useful if you want to extract limited information from a large script file. For example, you might want to check the value of terminal server time-to-live (TTL) values. Rather than opening the script file with an editor and searching through it, you can use the TTL string in a grep command. (Most UNIX systems are case-sensitive, so be sure to enter the string in the correct upper- and lower-case letters.)

% grep -e TTL script.apg DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TTL 64 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET DOMAIN TTL 0 %

By default, the grep command writes the output to the screen, and you can immediately see the TTL values.

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Using UNIX Tools With APGEN Script Files

Creating a Script File

The APGEN utility provides several command options which allow you to create a script with only certain commands. For example -menu, -ppp, and -slip create script files with only commands that define characteristics of those features. Chapter 3 describes each option in detail.

You may want to create a script file with a set of commands that do not have a specific APGEN option to extract them. To do this, you can use the grep utility with a text string that extracts those commands and writes them into a file.

To create a script file from the output of a grep command, remove the comment symbol and file name (if applicable) from the command line, and add #control_script to the beginning of the file. The line #control_script identifies the file as a script to the terminal server. This example shows how you can use the grep command to extract the Model 3395 commands that specify secret passwords from the script file, and then to create another script file from the output:

The following command extracts commands with the text string secret, and writes them to the file pswd.file:

% grep -e secret opt.file > pswd.file %

The following commands, listed as comment lines, reside in pswd.file:

% more pswd.file # DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER LOGIN PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER MAINTENANCE PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER PPP PAP REMOTE PASSWORD <secret>

To create a script, edit the file to include the line #control_script, and the passwords:

#control_script DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD "egret" DEFINE SERVER LOGIN PASSWORD "bluejay" DEFINE SERVER MAINTENANCE PASSWORD "sparrow" DEFINE SERVER PPP PAP REMOTE PASSWORD "robin"

You can now execute the SCRIPT command with pswd.file from any terminal server on the network. Note: If you create a script file that includes passwords, consider making it secure with the appropriate

privileges or placing it in a secure directory. Doing so will prevent unauthorized users from gaining access to the passwords.

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Appendix A

A Sample APGEN -all Script

The following is a sample APGEN script created from the parameter file of a Model 3395 Terminal Server with the -all option.

% apgen -all /tftpboot/xff4b15.prm apg.file

#control_script

# # APGEN Version 1.1 # # Parameter File Header # # Version : 0x6A # Date : 25 Oct 1993 # Time : 18:59:02 # Parameter Load Type : 1 # Compressed : Yes # Software Type : 1 # Stored Format : 7 # Oldest Format : 3 # Hardware Type : 77 # Software Version : V5.2 # Product : Comm Server # ############################################################# # #echo Script Server(s) # DEFINE SERVER SCRIPT SERVER 140.179.248.209 "/tftpboot" "/" # #echo Menu Prompt Information # # DEFINE SERVER MENU PROMPT "Enter number of selection or use arrow keys: " # DEFINE SERVER MENU CONTINUE PROMPT "press <RETURN> to continue... " # #echo Kerberos Information # # Kerberos is not enabled, commands are commented out #

# DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS REALM NONE # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS MASTER NONE # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS PRIMARY SERVER NONE # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS SECONDARY SERVER NONE # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS QUERY LIMIT 3 # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS PORT 750 # #echo Secure Id Data # # DEFINE SERVER SECURID SERVER0 SECURID_0 # DEFINE SERVER SECURID SERVER1 NONE # DEFINE SERVER SECURID SERVER2 NONE # DEFINE SERVER SECURID SERVER3 NONE # DEFINE SERVER SECURID SERVER4 NONE

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A Sample APGEN -all Script

# DEFINE SERVER SECURID ACMMAXRETRIES 5 # DEFINE SERVER SECURID ACMBASETIMEOUT 3 # DEFINE SERVER SECURID ACM_PORT 755 # DEFINE SERVER SECURID QUERY LIMIT 3 # DEFINE SERVER SECURID ENCRYPTION MODE DES # #echo XRemote Information # # XRemote is not enabled, commands are commented out # # DEFINE SERVER XREMOTE PRIMARY FONT SERVER NONE # DEFINE SERVER XREMOTE PRIMARY FONT SERVER 0.0.0.0 # DEFINE SERVER XREMOTE SECONDARY FONT SERVER NONE # DEFINE SERVER XREMOTE SECONDARY FONT SERVER 0.0.0.0 # #echo Parameter Server Information # DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER 140.179.248.209 INTERNET ADDRESS 140.179.248.209 # #echo Server Data # DEFINE SERVER ANNOUNCEMENTS ENABLED DEFINE SERVER BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE SERVER CIRCUIT 80 DEFINE SERVER CONSOLE 0 DEFINE SERVER VERBOSE ACCOUNTING ENABLED DEFINE SERVER VERBOSE PRIORITY 7 LOG FACILITY LOCAL 0 DEFINE SERVER TEXTPOOL 16384 DEFINE SERVER LOCK ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IDENTIFICATION "LattisNet 3395 Terminal Server" DEFINE SERVER IDENTIFICATION SIZE 63 DEFINE SERVER DUMP ENABLED DEFINE SERVER SOFTWARE TS3395.IMG DEFINE SERVER WELCOME "Welcome to the LattisNet 3395 Terminal Server." DEFINE SERVER PACKET COUNT 80

DEFINE SERVER NAME XFF4B15 DEFINE SERVER NUMBER 0 # DEFINE SERVER PRIVILEGED PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER LOGIN PASSWORD <secret> # DEFINE SERVER MAINTENANCE PASSWORD <secret> DEFINE SERVER SERVICE GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE SERVER LAT SOLICITS DISABLED DEFINE SERVER TIMEZONE 00:00 DEFINE SERVER REPORT ERRORS DISABLED DEFINE SERVER PURGE GROUP DISABLED DEFINE SERVER PURGE NODE ENABLED DEFINE SERVER CONSOLE LOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE SERVER CHANGE DISABLED DEFINE SERVER LOGIN PROMPT "#" DEFINE SERVER TN3270 PORT KEYMAPS DISABLED DEFINE SERVER HEARTBEAT DISABLED # #echo Limits # DEFINE SERVER QUEUE 24 DEFINE SERVER SESSION 64 DEFINE SERVER NODE 100

DEFINE SERVER PASSWORD LIMIT 3 DEFINE SERVER RETRANSMIT 8 DEFINE SERVER ACCOUNTING ENTRIES 50 #

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A Sample APGEN -all Script

#echo Timers # DEFINE SERVER KEEPALIVE 20 DEFINE SERVER INACTIVITY 30 DEFINE SERVER MULTICAST 30 # #echo Server Kerberos Information # DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS SECURITY NONE # #echo Server Menu Information # DEFINE SERVER MENU ENABLED DEFINE SERVER NESTED MENU SIZE 5000 DEFINE SERVER NESTED MENU NAME "mymenu3" # #echo Server PPP Information # # DEFINE SERVER PPP PAP REMOTE PASSWORD <secret> # #echo IP Data # DEFINE SERVER INTERNET ADDRESS 140.179.248.218 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET BROADCAST ADDRESS 255.255.255.255 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET PRIMARY DOMAIN ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECONDARY DOMAIN ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET PRIMARY GATEWAY ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECONDARY GATEWAY ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK 255.255.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SUBNET MASK AUTOCONFIGURE ENABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET NAME NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET DEFAULT DOMAIN SUFFIX NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TCP CONNECT TIMER 32 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TTL 64 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET DOMAIN TTL 0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET TCP RESEQUENCING DISABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET IP REASSEMBLY DISABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET LOCAL BASE 4000 INCREMENT 100 # #echo Internet SNMP # # DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SYSTEM CONTACT "" DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SYSTEM LOCATION "" DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP AUTHENTICATION TRAPS DISABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SET COMMUNITY NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SET CLIENT 1 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SET CLIENT 2 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SET CLIENT 3 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP SET CLIENT 4 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP GET COMMUNITY NONE DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP GET CLIENT 1 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP GET CLIENT 2 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP GET CLIENT 3 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP GET CLIENT 4 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP TRAP COMMUNITY "PUBLIC" DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP TRAP CLIENT 1 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP TRAP CLIENT 2 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP TRAP CLIENT 3 0.0.0.0 DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SNMP TRAP CLIENT 4 0.0.0.0 #

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A Sample APGEN -all Script

#echo Parameter Server Information #

DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER CHECK ENABLED DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER CHECK 30 DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER RETRANSMIT 3 DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER RETRANSMIT TIMER 5 DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER LIMIT 4 DEFINE SERVER PARAMETER SERVER PATH "" # #echo Server Features # # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TELNET ENABLED LAT ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL MX800 DISABLED DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL PPP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL SNMP ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL TN3270 DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XPRINTER ENABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL XREMOTE DISABLED # DEFINE SERVER PROTOCOL ARAP DISABLED DEFINE SERVER RLOGIN ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL ETHERNET ENABLED DEFINE SERVER IPX PROTOCOL MAC DISABLED DEFINE SERVER KERBEROS DISABLED #

#echo Features # DEFINE SERVER ULI ENABLED DEFINE SERVER HELP ENABLED DEFINE SERVER MULTISESSIONS ENABLED DEFINE SERVER INTERNET SECURITY DISABLED DEFINE SERVER SECURID DISABLED DEFINE SERVER CONTROLLED PORTS DISABLED # #echo Daemons # DEFINE SERVER DAEMON LPD DISABLED DEFINE SERVER DAEMON FINGERD DISABLED DEFINE SERVER DAEMON RWHOD DISABLED DEFINE SERVER DAEMON ROUTED DISABLED DEFINE SERVER DAEMON SYSLOGD DISABLED # #echo ARAP Server Information # # DEFINE SERVER ARAP NODE NAME NONE # DEFINE SERVER ARAP DEFAULT ZONE NONE # DEFINE SERVER ARAP PASSWORD <SECRET> # #echo *** Port Information *** # # #echo Port Characteristic Information # DEFINE PORT 0 MULTISESSIONS DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL MULTISESSIONS DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTHORIZED GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTHORIZED GROUPS 0 ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL BREAK LOCAL DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET PREFERRED SERVICE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 AUTOCONNECT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOCONNECT DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTODEDICATED DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL AUTODEDICATED DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 AUTOPROMPT ENABLED

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DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOPROMPT ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL BROADCAST ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 CONNECTRESUME DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL CONNECTRESUME DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 INACTIVITY LOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL INACTIVITY LOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 INTERRUPTS DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL INTERRUPTS DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 LIMITED VIEW DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL LIMITED VIEW DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 LOSS NOTIFICATION ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL LOSS NOTIFICATION ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 MESSAGE CODES ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL MESSAGE CODES ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 NOLOSS DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL NOLOSS DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 PAUSE DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PAUSE DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 QUEUING DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL QUEUING DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 RESOLVE SERVICE ANY DEFINE PORT ALL RESOLVE SERVICE ANY DEFINE PORT 0 REMOTE MODIFICATION DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL REMOTE MODIFICATION DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 RING DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL RING DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 SCRIPT ECHO DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL SCRIPT ECHO DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 SCRIPT LOGIN DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL SCRIPT LOGIN DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL SIGNAL CHECK DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 VERIFICATION ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL VERIFICATION ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 ULI DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL ULI DISABLED # #echo Port Modem and Related Information # DEFINE PORT ALL ACCESS LOCAL DEFINE PORT ALL SPEED 9600 DEFINE PORT ALL CHARACTER SIZE 8 DEFINE PORT ALL PARITY NONE DEFINE PORT ALL STOP BITS 4 DEFINE PORT ALL AUTOBAUD ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL FLOW CONTROL XON DEFINE PORT ALL INPUT FLOW CONTROL ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL OUTPUT FLOW CONTROL ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL MODEM CONTROL DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DIALBACK TIMEOUT 20 DEFINE PORT ALL DCD TIMEOUT 2000 DEFINE PORT ALL DIALBACK DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DIALUP DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DSRLOGOUT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DSRWAIT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL DTRWAIT DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PASSWORD DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 IDLE TIMEOUT 0 DEFINE PORT ALL IDLE TIMEOUT 0 DEFINE PORT 0 TYPEAHEAD SIZE 128 DEFINE PORT ALL TYPEAHEAD SIZE 128 DEFINE PORT 0 USERNAME "" DEFINE PORT ALL USERNAME "" DEFINE PORT 0 PROMPT "TS3395"

A Sample APGEN -all Script

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A Sample APGEN -all Script

DEFINE PORT ALL PROMPT "TS3395" DEFINE PORT 0-10, 13-16 TYPE SOFTCOPY DEFINE PORT 11-12 TYPE ANSI # #echo Port Internet Information # DEFINE PORT 0 INTERNET CONNECTIONS ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET CONNECTIONS ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 INTERNET TCP KEEPALIVE 0 DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET TCP KEEPALIVE 0 DEFINE PORT 0 INTERNET TCP WINDOW SIZE 256 DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET TCP WINDOW SIZE 256 # #echo Port Session Information # DEFINE PORT 0 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT ALL BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT ALL FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 LOCAL SWITCH ~ DEFINE PORT ALL LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT ALL DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 0 SESSION LIMIT 4 DEFINE PORT ALL SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Security Information # DEFINE PORT 0 SECURITY DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL SECURITY DISABLED # #echo Port Menu Information # DEFINE PORT 0 MENU DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL MENU DISABLED # DEFINE PORT 0 PRIVILEGED MENU DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL PRIVILEGED MENU DISABLED # #echo Port Nested Menu Information # # DEFINE PORT 0 NESTED MENU DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL NESTED MENU DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0-11, 13-16 NESTED MENU TOP LEVEL 0 DEFINE PORT 12 NESTED MENU TOP LEVEL 1 # DEFINE PORT 0 PRIVILEGED NESTED MENU DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL PRIVILEGED NESTED MENU DISABLED # #echo Port Line Information # DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR ENABLED DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR ENABLED DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR BACKSPACE DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR BACKSPACE DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR FORWARDS DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR FORWARDS DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR END DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR END DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR BEGINNING DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR BEGINNING DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR DELETE LINE DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR DELETE LINE DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR DELETE BEGINNING DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR DELETE BEGINNING DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR PREVIOUS LINE

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DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR PREVIOUS LINE DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR NEXT LINE DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR NEXT LINE DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR REDISPLAY DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR REDISPLAY DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR QUOTING CHARACTER DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR QUOTING CHARACTER DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR INSERT TOGGLE DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR INSERT TOGGLE DEFINE PORT 0 LINE EDITOR CANCEL DEFINE PORT ALL LINE EDITOR CANCEL # #echo Port Kerberos Information # DEFINE PORT 0 KERBEROS DISABLED # DEFINE PORT 0 USER KERBEROS PASSWORD DEFINE PORT ALL KERBEROS DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL USER KERBEROS PASSWORD # #echo Port Telnet Information # DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET ABORT OUTPUT NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET ABORT OUTPUT NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET ATTENTION NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET ATTENTION NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET BINARY SESSION MODE PASTHRU DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET BINARY SESSION MODE PASTHRU DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET CSI ESCAPE DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET CSI ESCAPE DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET DEFAULT PORT 23 DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET DEFAULT PORT 23 DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET ECHO MODE REMOTE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET ECHO MODE REMOTE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET ERASE CHARACTER NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET ERASE CHARACTER NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET ERASE LINE NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET ERASE LINE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET EOR REFLECTION DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET EOR REFLECTION DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 ERRORLOCK DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 ERRORLOCK DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET INTERRUPT NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET INTERRUPT NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET LOCATION DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET LOCATION DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET NEWLINE NULL DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET NEWLINE NULL DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET NEWLINE FILTERING NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET NEWLINE FILTERING NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET OPTION DISPLAY DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET OPTION DISPLAY DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET QUERY NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET QUERY NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET REMOTE 2000 DEFINE PORT 1 TELNET REMOTE 2100 DEFINE PORT 2 TELNET REMOTE 2200 DEFINE PORT 3 TELNET REMOTE 2300 DEFINE PORT 4 TELNET REMOTE 2400 DEFINE PORT 5 TELNET REMOTE 2500 DEFINE PORT 6 TELNET REMOTE 2600 DEFINE PORT 7 TELNET REMOTE 2700 DEFINE PORT 8 TELNET REMOTE 2800 DEFINE PORT 9 TELNET REMOTE 2900 DEFINE PORT 10 TELNET REMOTE 3000

A Sample APGEN -all Script

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A Sample APGEN -all Script

DEFINE PORT 11 TELNET REMOTE 3100 DEFINE PORT 12 TELNET REMOTE 3200 DEFINE PORT 13 TELNET REMOTE 3300 DEFINE PORT 14 TELNET REMOTE 3400 DEFINE PORT 15 TELNET REMOTE 3500 DEFINE PORT 16 TELNET REMOTE 3600 DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET SYNCHRONIZE NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET SYNCHRONIZE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TERMINALTYPE NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TERMINALTYPE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 DEVICE NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 DEVICE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 EOR DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 EOR DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 PRINTERPORT ANY DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 PRINTERPORT ANY DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 TRANSLATIONTABLE NONE DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 TRANSLATIONTABLE NONE DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TN3270 XTDATTRS DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TN3270 XTDATTRS DISABLED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET TRANSMIT BUFFERED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET TRANSMIT BUFFERED DEFINE PORT 0 TELNET URGENT BREAK DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL TELNET URGENT BREAK DISABLED # #echo Port Slip Information # DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SLIP DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SLIP ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SLIP REMOTE 0.0.0.0 DEFINE PORT ALL INTERNET SLIP MASK 0.0.0.0 # #echo Port XRemote Information # # XRemote is not enabled, commands are commented out # # DEFINE PORT ALL XREMOTE DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL XDM HOST NONE # DEFINE PORT ALL XDM QUERY SPECIFIC # #echo Port PPP Information # DEFINE PORT ALL PPP DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PPP ACTIVE DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PPP PAP DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PPP INTERNET BROADCAST DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PPP CHARMAP 0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP RESTART 0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP CONFIGURE LIMIT 0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP FAILURE LIMIT 0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP INTERNET LOCAL ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP INTERNET REMOTE ADDRESS 0.0.0.0 DEFINE PORT ALL PPP INTERNET VJ COMPRESSION DISABLED DEFINE PORT ALL PPP INTERNET VJ COMPRESSION SLOTS 0 # #echo Port ARAP Information # # DEFINE PORT ALL ARAP DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL ARAP ZONE ACCESS NONE # DEFINE PORT ALL ARAP MAXIMUM CONNECT TIME 0 # DEFINE PORT ALL ARAP GUEST LOGINS DISABLED #

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#echo Port CCL Information # DEFINE PORT ALL CCL NAME NONE DEFINE PORT ALL CCL MODEM INAUDIBLE # #echo Port Secure ID Information # # DEFINE PORT 0 SECURID DISABLED # DEFINE PORT ALL SECURID DISABLED # #echo Port ControlledPort Information # # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED PORT LOGIN "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED PORT LOGIN "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED PORT LOGOUT "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED PORT LOGOUT "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED SESSION INITIALIZE "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED SESSION INITIALIZE "" # DEFINE PORT 0 CONTROLLED SESSION TERMINATE "" # DEFINE PORT ALL CONTROLLED SESSION TERMINATE ""

A Sample APGEN -all Script

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Appendix B

A Sample APGEN -verbose Script

The following is a sample APGEN script created with the -verbose and -session options. It includes the port session information for each port on a 16-port terminal server.

% apgen -verbose -session /tftpboot/xff4b15.prm verb.file

#control_script # # APGEN Version 1.1 #

# Parameter File Header # # Version : 0x23456959 # Date : 21 Oct 1993 # Time : 13:44:16 # Parameter Load Type : 1 # Compressed : Yes # Software Type : 1 # Stored Format : 7 # Oldest Format : 3 # Hardware Type : 77 # Software Version : V5.2 # Product : Term Server - One Megabyte # ############################################################# # #echo Port Session Information - Port 0 # DEFINE PORT 0 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 0 LOCAL SWITCH ~ DEFINE PORT 0 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 0 SESSION LIMIT 4

# #echo Port Session Information - Port 1 # DEFINE PORT 1 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 1 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 1 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 1 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 1 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 2 # DEFINE PORT 2 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 2 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 2 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 2 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 2 SESSION LIMIT 4 #

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A Sample APGEN -verbose Script

#echo Port Session Information - Port 3 # DEFINE PORT 3 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 3 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 3 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 3 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 3 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 4 # DEFINE PORT 4 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 4 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 4 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 4 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 4 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 5 # DEFINE PORT 5 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 5 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 5 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 5 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 5 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 6 # DEFINE PORT 6 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 6 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 6 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 6 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 6 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 7 # DEFINE PORT 7 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 7 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 7 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 7 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 7 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 8 # DEFINE PORT 8 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 8 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 8 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 8 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 8 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 9 # DEFINE PORT 9 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 9 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 9 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 9 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 9 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 10 # DEFINE PORT 10 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 10 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 10 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 10 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 10 SESSION LIMIT 4 #

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A Sample APGEN -verbose Script

#echo Port Session Information - Port 11 # DEFINE PORT 11 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 11 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 11 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 11 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 11 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 12 # DEFINE PORT 12 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 12 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 12 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 12 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 12 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 13 # DEFINE PORT 13 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 13 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 13 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 13 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 13 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 14 # DEFINE PORT 14 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 14 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 14 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 14 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 14 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 15

# DEFINE PORT 15 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 15 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 15 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 15 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 15 SESSION LIMIT 4 # #echo Port Session Information - Port 16 # DEFINE PORT 16 BACKWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 16 FORWARD SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 16 LOCAL SWITCH NONE DEFINE PORT 16 DEFAULT SESSION MODE INTERACTIVE DEFINE PORT 16 SESSION LIMIT 4

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Index

< and > characters, 4-3 # character, 3-5

AIX operating system, 2-1

-all option, 3-5, A-1 apgen command, 1-6, 3-2

options for, 3-3 syntax of, 3-2 using to convert a portion of a parameter

file, 3-9 using with -all option, 3-5 using without options, 3-2, 3-4

APGEN installation script, running, 2-5 APGEN script file, 1-6

comment lines in, 3-5 creating an, 3-4

with the grep utility, 4-4

examples of

with -all option, 3-5, A-1 with -session option, 3-9

with -verbose option, B-1 executing an, 3-14 header, 3-2, 3-4 initializing the communications server after

running, 3-16 troubleshooting, 3-16 updating an, 3-17

apgen.tar archive, 2-5 ASCII Parameter File Generator utility

(APGEN), 1-1, 1-5, see also APGEN script

file

ASCII text editor, editing the script file with,

1-6, 3-10

AT&T System V operating system, 2-1

binary parameter file, 1-5, 3-1 Bourne shell, 2-7 BSD operating system, 2-1

characteristics, terminal server, changing the

values of, 3-10 command script, 1-5 comment lines in the script, 3-5 communications server,

configuring for use with APGEN, 2-2

defining a UNIX parameter server for, 2-2

defining a UNIX script server for, 2-3

executing a script file from, 3-14

initializing after running a script, 3-16 compressed parameter file, 1-5 configurable features, enabling, 3-17 #control_script, 3-4, 4-4 csportd daemon, 1-4

-d option with the Install command, 2-7 default choices in the Install script, 2-7 DEFINE commands

in an APGEN script file, 3-4

updating the parameter file with, 3-16 - 3-17 DEFINE PARAMETER SERVER

command, 2-3 DEFINE SERVER SCRIPT SERVER

command, 2-3 dial-back script, 1-5 diff utility, UNIX, 1-7, 4-1

893-769-A Index-1

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Index

directory requirements for script servers, 2-4 directory structure, script server, 2-4

#echo, in a script file, 3-5 errors in a script file, correcting 3-16

features, keyed, enabling, 3-11 file

APGEN script, creating, 3-4 creating with the diff utility, 4-1 creating with the grep utility, 4-4

grep utility, UNIX, 1-7, 4-1, 4-3

header, in script file, 3-4 HP/UX operating system, 2-1

Install command, 2-7

-d option with, 2-7

Install script, APGEN, running the, 2-5

default choices for, 2-7

Kerberos feature, enabling, 3-12 keys, software, 3-11, 3-14 keyed features, enabling, 3-11

Model 3395 commands interface, preventing

users from gaining access to, 1-5 Model 3395 host-based management tools, 1-1 Model 3395 loader kit, 1-2 Model 3395 MIB, 1-3

~name construct, 2-7 nested menus, 1-5

parameter file

compressed, 1-5

converting a portion of, 3-9

converting the entire, 1-5, 3-5

examples of converted, A-1, B-1

uncompressed, 1-5

updating with DEFINE commands, 3-16–

3-17

parameter server

backup, 2-3

defining an UNIX host as a, 2-2–2-4

updating, 3-17

VAX host as a, 1-2, 2-2 passwords in the script file, 3-10

including in the script, 3-10

prompting the user to enter, 3-11 permanent database, updating, 3-16 ports, how they appear in the script, 3-4 pound sign (#) in a script file, 3-5 printer servers, 1-5 protocols, enabling, 3-11

example, using TN3270, 3-13

link to the script file, creating from the TFTP

home directory, 2-4

load servers, 1-2

MAN page for APGEN file , 2-1, 2-6 MIB, Model 3395, 1-3 MIPS operating system, 2-1

Index-2 893-769-A

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Index

running the APGEN installation script, 2-5

SCRIPT command, 1-4, 1-5, 1-7, 2-2

using to execute an APGEN file, 3-14–3-17 script, dialback, 1-5 script file, APGEN, 1-6

comment lines in, 3-5

creating an, 3-4

with the grep utility, 4-4

examples of

with -all option, 3-5f, A-1ff with -session option, 3-9

with -verbose option, B-1ff executing an, 3-14ff header, 3-2, 3-4 initializing the communications server after

running, 3-16 that includes a portion of a parameter file, 3-

9 troubleshooting, 3-16 updating an, 3-17

script server

backup, 2-3 defining a UNIX host as a, 2-3 directory requirements for, 2-4 directory structure, 2-4

<secret>, as the password in a script file,

3-10–3-11

secure TFTP option, 2-3, 2-5 SHOW SCRIPT SERVER command, 3-16 SNMP, 1-3 stdout, as default output, 3-2 SunNet Manager, 1-3

tar archive, apgen.tar, 2-5 Telnet, enabling, 2-2 TFTP

home directory, 2-4 requirement for script servers, 2-3 secure option, 2-5

/tftpboot directory

installing the APGEN utility in, 2-5 parameter files in, 3-5

script file in, 3-14 TN3270 protocol, enabling, 3-13 troubleshooting the script file, 3-16

ULTRIX operating system, 2-1 uncompressed parameter file, 1-5 UNIX host

as a parameter server, 2-2–2-3

as a script server, 2-3

configured for secure TFTP, 2-5

directory structure, 2-4, 2-6

running the installation script on, 2-5

that support APGEN, 2-1 UNIX

diff utility, 1-7, 4-1

grep utility, 1-7, 4-3

MAN pages, 2-1, 2-6, 4-1, 4-3

VAX hosts as parameter servers, 1-2, 2-2

-verbose option, 3-4, B-1 verification, password, 3-11

893-769-A Index-3

Nortel Networks 3395A, 3395 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Table of Contents

Figures

Preface

Organization

Conventions

Related Documentation

SynOptics Customer Support

Support for Load Servers and Parameter Servers

SynOptics Network Management Products

Optivity

SNMP

Terminal Server Host-based Management Features

The csportd Daemon

Command Scripts

Dial-back Scripts

Nested Menus

The APGEN Utility

General Network Configuration

Configuring the Terminal Server for Use with APGEN

Defining a UNIX Host as a Parameter Server

Defining the UNIX Script Server

Configuring the UNIX Host as a Script Server

Directory Requirements

The Secure TFTP Option

Running the APGEN Installation Script

Using the apgen Command and Options

Creating the APGEN Script File

Using the -verbose Option

About Comment Lines in the Script

Converting the Entire Parameter File With the -all Option

Converting a Portion of a Parameter File

Editing the Script File to Modify Command Lines

Changing the Values of Terminal Server Characteristics

Entering Terminal Server Passwords

Including the Password in the Script File

Prompting the User for the Password

Enabling Configurable and Keyed Features

Enabling the Kerberos Feature

Enabling the TN3270 Protocol

Executing the APGEN Script File

Initializing the Terminal Server After Running a Script

Troubleshooting the Script File

Updating APGEN Script Files

Using the diff Utility to Compare Two APGEN Script Files

Creating a File With the diff Utility

Using the grep Utility to Search Through an APGEN File

Displaying Command Lines

Creating a Script File

Index