Nortel Networks 10BASE-T User Manual

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Software Release V3.1.0 Part No. 309985-C Rev 00

August 2000 4401 Great America Parkway

Santa Clara, CA 95054

Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

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and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc.

Trademarks

NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks. Bay Networks and Optivity are registered trademarks and Accelar, BayStack, EZ LAN, Optivity Campus, Optivity

Enterprise, StackProbe, and th e Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Nortel Networks. Microsoft, MS, MS -DOS, Win32, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are t he property of their respective owners.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improvi ng internal design, operational function, and/o r relia bi lity, Nortel Network s NA Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Nortel Networks NA Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

USA Requirements Only

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operat ed in a commercial environment. This equipment ge nerates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If it is not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference at their own expense.

European Requirements Onl y

EN 55 022 Statement

This is to certify that the Nortel Networks BayStack 410-24T switch is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conform ity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class A (CISPR 22).

Warning: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference, in which case, the user may be required to take appropriate measures.

Achtung: Dieses ist ein Gerät der Funkstörgrenzwer tklasse A. In Wohnbereichen können bei Betrieb dieses Gerätes Rundfunkstörungen auftreten, in welchen Fällen der Benutzer für entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen verantwortlich ist.

Attention: Ceci est un produi t de Classe A. Dans un environnement domestique, ce produit risque de créer des interférences radioélectriques, il appartiendra alors à l’utilisateur de prendre les mesures spécifiques appropriées.

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EC Declaration of Conformity

This product conforms (or these produc ts conform) to the pro visions of Council Dir ective 89/336/EEC and 73/23/EEC. Go to http://libra2.corpwest.baynetworks.com/cgi-bin/ndCGI.exe/DocView/ on the Nortel Networks World Wide Web site for a copy of the Declaration of Conformity.

Japan/Nippon Requirements Only

Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment, radio disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective actions.

Taiwan Requirements

Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) Statement

Canada Requirements Only

Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations

This digital apparatus (BayStack 410-24T switch) does not exceed the Class A limits for radio-noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications

Cet appareil numérique (BayStack 410-24T switch) respecte les limites de bruits radioélectriques visant les appareils numériques de classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications du Canada.

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Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement

NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre-enabled software (each of which is referred to as “Software” in this Agreement). BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the product, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

1. License Grant. Nortel Networks NA Inc. (“Nortel Networks”) grants the end user of the Software (“Licensee”) a personal, nonexc lusi v e, no ntransferab le licen se: a) to u se the So ftw are eithe r on a sing le compu ter or, if applicable, on a single authorized device identified by host ID, for whi c h it was originally acquired ; b) to copy the Software solely for backup purposes i n support of authorized use of the Software; and c) to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee. This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products. Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such soft ware .

2. Restrictions on use; reservation of rights. The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws. Nortel Networks and/or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals, including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors. The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals. Licensee may not modify, translate, decompile, disassemble, use for any competitive analysis, reverse engineer, distribute, or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy, in whole or in part. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals, in whole or in part. The Software and user manuals embody Nortel Networks’ and its licensors’ confidential and pro priet ary inte lle ctu al pro p erty. Licensee shall not sublicense, assign, or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software, or any information about the operation, design, performance, or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors; however, Licensee may grant permission to its consultants, subcontractors, and agents to use the Software at Licensee’s facility, provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license.

3. Limited warranty . Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software, as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for, to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period, which begins on th e date Software is first shipped to Licensee. If an y item of Software f ails to so function d uring its wa rranty period, as the sole remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix, patch, or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release. Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defec ts in materials and wo rkmanship under normal us e for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee. Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Nortel Net w orks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of ship ment. This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident, misuse, or abuse. The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Softwa re to achieve Licensee’s intended results and for the installation, use, and results obtained from the Software. Nortel Networks does not warrant a) that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee’s requirements, b) that the Softwa re will operate in the hardw are or software combina tions that the Licensee may select, c) that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free, or d) that all defects in the operation of the Softw are will be correcte d. Nortel Netw orks is not oblig ated to remedy any Sof tware defect tha t cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release. These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been (i) altered, except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions; (ii) used in conjunction with another vendor’s product, resulting in the defect; or (iii) damaged by improper environment, abuse, misuse, accident, or negligence. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

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Licensee is responsible for the secu rity of its o w n data an d infor mation an d for mainta ining a dequate procedure s apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files, data, or programs.

4. Limitation of liability. IN NO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT; SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES; OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE.

5. Government Licensees. This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government. The Software and documentation are commercial products, licensed on the open market at market prices, and were developed ent irely at private expense and without the use of any U.S. Government funds. The license to the U.S. Government is granted only with restricted rights, and use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) of the Commercial Computer Software––Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52.227-19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies, and subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS

252.227-7013, for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors, whichever is applicable.

6. Use of Software in the European Community. This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community. If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community, the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communi ties Directive dated 14 May, 1991, will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability. Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks.

7. Term and termination. This license is effective until terminated; ho wever, all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks’ copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright; t hose restrictions relati ng to use and disclosure of Nor tel Networks’ confidential information shall continue in effect. Licensee may terminate this license at any time. The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license. Upon termination for any reason, Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software, user manuals, and all copies. Nortel Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license.

8. Export and Re-export. Licensee agrees not to export, directly or indirectly, the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals. Without limiting the foregoing, Licensee, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates, agrees that it will not, without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U.S. Government: (i) export, re-export, transfer, or divert any such Software or technical data, or any direct product thereof, to any country to which such exports or re-exports are restricted or em b argoed under United States e x po r t con tr o l la w s and regulations, or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries; or (ii) provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use, including the design, development, or production of any chemical, nuclear, or biological weapons.

9. General. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of compete nt jurisdiction, the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California.

Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement, contact Nortel Networks, 4401 Great America Parkway, P.O. Box 58185, Santa Clara, California 95054-8185.

LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE, WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT. NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE A GAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT, INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

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Preface

Audience ......................................... ................................ ................................ ...............xxiv

Organization ..................................................................................................................xxiv

Text Conventions ............................................................................................................xxv

Acronyms ........................... .......................... .......................... ......................... ...............xxvi

Related Publications ....................................................................................................xxviii

How to Get Help ............................................................................................................xxix

Chapter 1 Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Description ............ ...... ....... ...... ....... ............................................. ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...1-1

Front Panel ...............................................................................................................1-2

Comm Port ........................................................................................................1-2

Uplink/Expansion ModuleSlot ............................................................................1-3

10BASE-T Port Connectors ...............................................................................1-3

LED Display Panel .............................................................................................1-4

Back Panel ...............................................................................................................1-6

AC Power Receptacle ........................................................................................1-7

RPSU Connector ...............................................................................................1-8

Cascade Module Slot ........................... ....... ...... ....... .........................................1-8

Cooling Fans ......................................................................................................1-8

Features ......................................... ..........................................................................1-9

Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) ..........................................................................1-12

Security ................. ...... ....... ...... .............................................. ...... ...... ....... ....................1-13

MAC Address-Based Security ................................................................................1-15

RADIUS-Based Network Security ..........................................................................1-16

SNMP Security ............................................................................ ....... ...... ....... .......1 -16

IEEE 802.1p .................................................................................................................1-16

IGMP Snooping Feature ...............................................................................................1-17

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Configuration and Switch Management ........................................................................1-17

Flash Memory Storage ................................ ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... .............. 1 -1 7

Switch Software Image ..........................................................................................1-17

Configuration Parameters ......................................................................................1-18

Autosensing and Autonegotiation ...........................................................................1-18

MultiLink Tr un ki ng ........................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............1 -1 9

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ....................................................................................................1-19

Port Mirroring ................................................................................................................1-19

BootP Automatic IP Configuration/MAC Address .........................................................1-20

SNMP MIB Suppor t .... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .................................1-21

SNMP Trap Support ................. ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ............................................. .1-21

Network Configuration ..................................................................................................1-22

Desktop Switch Application ....................................................................................1-22

Segment Switch Application ...................................................................................1-24

High-Density Switched Workgroup Applicatio n .................................. ...... .............. 1 -2 5

Fail-Safe Stack Application .....................................................................................1-26

Stack Operation ............................................................................................................1-27

BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module .....................................................................1-29

Cascade A Out Connector ...............................................................................1-29

Unit Select Switch ............................................................................................1-29

Cascade A In Connector .................................................................................1-30

Base Unit ................................................................................................................1-31

Stack Configurations ..............................................................................................1-33

Stack Up Configurations ..................................................................................1-34

Stack Down Configurations .............................................................................1-34

Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature ..................................................................1-36

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups ..................................................................................1-38

IEEE 802.1Q Tagging .............................................................................................1-39

VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches .......................................................................1-43

VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches .......................................1-43

VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches ................................................1-44

Shared Servers ......................................................................................................1-46

VLAN Workgroup Summary ...................................................................................1-51

VLAN Configuration Rules .....................................................................................1-53

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IGMP Snooping ............................................................................................................1-54

IGMP Snooping Configuration Rules .....................................................................1-58

IEEE 802.1p Prioritizing ...............................................................................................1-59

MultiLink Tr un ks .... ...... .............................................. ...... ....... ...... .................................1-63

Client/Server Configuration Using MultiLink Trunks ...............................................1-64

Trunk Configuration Screen Examples ...................................................................1-66

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1 .......................................................1-66

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2 .......................................................1-69

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3 .......................................................1-71

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4 .......................................................1-73

Before Configuring Trunks ......................................................................................1-75

MultiLink Trunking Configuration Rules ....... ....... ...... ............................................. .1-75

How the MultiLink Trunk Reacts to Losing Distributed Trunk Members .................1-77

Spanning Tree Considerations for MultiLink Trunks ...............................................1-78

Additional Tips About the MultiLink Trunking Feature ............................................1-81

Port Mirroring (Conversation Steering) .........................................................................1-82

Port-Based Mirroring Configu ration ............................................. ....... ....................1-83

Address-Based Mirroring Configuration .................................................................1-85

Port Mirroring Configuration Rules .........................................................................1-88

Chapter 2 Installing the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Installation Requirements ...............................................................................................2-1

Installation Procedure .....................................................................................................2-3

Installing the BayStack 410-24T Switch on a Flat Surface .......................................2-3

Installing the BayStack 410-24T Switch in a Rack ...................................................2-4

Attaching Devices to the BayStack 410-24T Switch ................................................2-7

Connecting 10BASE-T Ports and 10/100 MDA Ports ........................................2-8

Connecting Fiber Optic MDA Ports ....................................................................2-9

Console/Comm Port ........................................................................................2-10

Connecting a Terminal to the Console/Comm Port ..........................................2-11

Connecting Power .........................................................................................................2-12

Verifying the Installation ................................................................................................2-14

Verifying the Installation Using the LEDs ...............................................................2-14

Verifying the Installation Using the Self-Test Screen ..............................................2-15

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Initial Setup ...................................................................................................................2-17

Standalone Switch Setup .......................................................................................2-17

Stack Setup ............................................................................................................2-20

Chapter 3 Using the Console Interface

Using the CI Menus and Screens ...................................................................................3-2

Navigating the CI Menus and Screens .....................................................................3-2

Screen Fields and Descriptions ...............................................................................3-3

Main Menu ......................................................................................................................3-4

IP Configuration/Setup ................................ ............................................. ...... ....... ......... 3- 8

Choosing a BootP Request Mode ................................................................................3-10

BootP Disabled ......................................................................................................3-11

BootP or Last Address ...........................................................................................3-11

BootP When Needed .............................................................................................3-12

BootP Always .........................................................................................................3-12

SNMP Configuration ................ ....... ...... ....... ............................................. ...... ....... ...... .3-13

System Characteristics ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .................................3-15

Switch Configuration .....................................................................................................3-18

MAC Address Table ................................................................................................3-21

MAC Address-Based Security ................................................................................3-23

MAC Address Security Configuration ..............................................................3-25

MAC Address Security Port Configuration .......................................................3-28

MAC Address Security Port Lists .....................................................................3-32

MAC Address Security Table ...........................................................................3-36

VLAN Configuration Menu .....................................................................................3-39

VLAN Configuration .........................................................................................3-41

VLAN Port Configuration .................................................................................3-47

VLAN Display by Port ......................................................................................3-50

Traffic Class Configuration ...............................................................................3-51

Port Configuration ..................................................................................................3-53

High Speed Flow Control Configuration .................................................................3-55

Choosing a High Speed Flow Control Mode ..........................................................3-57

Symmetric Mode ..............................................................................................3-58

Asymmetric Mode ............................................................................................3-58

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MultiLink Tr unk Configuration ...................... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3-58

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ..............................................................3-60

MultiLink Trunk Utilization Screen ...................... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... .............. 3 -6 2

Port Mirroring Configuration ...................................................................................3-65

Rate Limiting Configuration ....................................................................................3-69

IGMP Configuration Menu ......................................................................................3-72

IGMP Configuration .........................................................................................3-73

Multicast Group Membership ............................. ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... .......3 -7 7

Port Statistics .........................................................................................................3-79

ATM Configuration Menu ........................................................................................3-83

Before Configuring Your ATM MDA ..................................................................3-84

LEC Configuration ...........................................................................................3-85

ATM MDA Configuration ..................................................................................3-88

ATM MDA Software Download .........................................................................3-91

Console/Comm Port Configuration ...............................................................................3-94

Renumber Stack Units ................................................................................................3-101

Hardware Unit Information ..........................................................................................3-103

Spanning Tree Configuration ......................................................................................3-103

Spanning Tree Port Configuration ........................................................................3-105

Display Spanning Tree Switch Settings ................................................................3-108

TELNET/SNMP Manager List Configuration ..............................................................3-111

Software Download .....................................................................................................3-114

Configuration File .......................................................................................................3-118

Display Event Log .......................................................................................................3-121

Excessive Bad Entries .........................................................................................3-122

Write Threshold ....................................................................................................3-123

Flash Update ......................................... ...... ....... ...... ............................................3-12 3

Save Current Settings .................................................................................................3-124

Reset ..........................................................................................................................3-124

Reset to Default Settings ............................................................................................3-127

Logout ................................ ................... .................... ................... ................... ............3-130

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting

Interpreting the LEDs .....................................................................................................4-2

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Diagnosing and Correcting the Problem ......................... ....... .........................................4-4

Normal Power-Up Sequence ....................................................................................4-5

Port Connection Problems .......................................................................................4-6

Autonegotiation Modes ......................................................................................4-7

Port Interface .....................................................................................................4-7

Software Download Error Codes ....................................................................................4-8

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Environmental .......................... ................................. ................................ ..................... A -1

Electrical ............... .......................................................... ............................................... A-1

Physical Dimensions ...................................................................................................... A-2

Performance Specifications ........................................................................................... A-2

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility ............................................................. A-2

Data Rate ......................................................................................................................A-3

Interface Options ........................................................................................................... A-3

Safety Agency Certification ........................................................................................... A-3

Electromagnetic Emissions ........................................................................................... A-3

Electromagnetic Immunity ............................................................................................. A-4

Declaration of Conformity .............................................................................................. A-4

Appendix B Media Dependent Adapters

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX MDA ...................................................................................... B-2

100BASE-FX MDAs ....................................................................................................... B-3

Installing an MDA ......................................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ..................... B-6

Replacing an MDA ......................................................................................................... B-7

Appendix C Quick Steps to Features

Configuring 802.1Q VLANs ...........................................................................................C-2

Configuring the BayStack 450-2M3/2S3 MDAs ............................................................. C-5

Configuring MultiLink Trunks ......................................................................................... C-8

Configuring Port Mirroring .............................................................................................C-9

Configuring IGMP Snooping ........................................................................................C-11

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Appendix D Connectors and Pin Assignments

RJ-45 (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) Port Connectors ........ ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .. D-1

MDI and MDI-X Devices ................................................................................................D-2

MDI-X to MDI Cable Connections ........................................................................... D-3

MDI-X to MDI-X Cable Connections ..... ...... ....... ...... ....... ........................................ D-4

DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port Connector ... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ........D-5

Appendix E Default Settings

Appendix F Sample BootP Configuration File

Index

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Figures

Figure 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch ........................................................................1-1

Figure 1-2. BayStack 410-24T Switch Front Panel .....................................................1-2

Figure 1-3. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Display Panel .........................................1-4

Figure 1-4. BayStack 410-24T Switch Back Panel .....................................................1-6

Figure 1-5. BayStack 410-24T Switch Security Feature ...........................................1-13

Figure 1-6. BayStack 410-24T Switch Used as a Desktop Switch ...........................1-23

Figure 1-7. BayStack 410-24T Switch Used as a workgroup Switch .......................1-24

Figure 1-8. Configuring Power Workgroups and a Shared Media Hub ....................1-25

Figure 1-9. Fail-Safe Stack Example ........................................................................1-26

Figure 1-10. Compatible Software Versions ...............................................................1-27

Figure 1-11. BayStack 400-ST1 Front-Panel Components ........................................1-29

Figure 1-12. Connecting Cascade Cables .................................................................1-30

Figure 1-13. Stack Up Configuration Example ...........................................................1-34

Figure 1-14. Stack Down Configuration Example .......................................................1-35

Figure 1-15. Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature ..................................................1-37

Figure 1-16. Port-Based VLAN Example ......... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... .......1 -3 8

Figure 1-17. Default VLAN Settings ...........................................................................1-40

Figure 1-18. Port-Based VLAN Assignment ................. ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... .............. 1 -4 1

Figure 1-19. 802.1Q Tagging (After Port-Based VLAN Assignment) .........................1-41

Figure 1-20. 802.1Q Tag Assignment .........................................................................1-42

Figure 1-21. 802.1Q Tagging (After 802.1Q Tag Assignment) ...................................1-42

Figure 1-22. VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches .............................1-43

Figure 1-23. VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches ......................................1-44

Figure 1-24. Possible Problems with VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol .................1-45

Figure 1-25. Multiple VLANs Sharing Resources .......................................................1-46

Figure 1-26. VLAN Broadcast Domains Within the Switch .........................................1-47

Figure 1-27. Default VLAN Configuration Screen Example ........................................1-48

Figure 1-28. VLAN Configuration Screen Example ....................................................1-49

Figure 1-29. Default VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example ................................1-50

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Figure 1-30. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example ............................................1-51

Figure 1-31. VLAN Configuration Spanning Multiple Switches ..................................1-52

Figure 1-32. IP Multicast Propagation With IGMP Routing ........................................1-55

Figure 1-33. BayStack 410-24T Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (1 of 2) ..........1-56

Figure 1-34. BayStack 410-24T Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (2 of 2) ..........1-57

Figure 1-35. Prioritizing Packets ................................................ ...... ....... ....................1-59

Figure 1-36. Port Transmit Queue ..............................................................................1-60

Figure 1-37. Default Traffic Class Configuration Screen Example .............................1-61

Figure 1-38. Setting Port Priority Example .................................................................1-62

Figure 1-39. Switch-to-Switch Trunk Configuration Example .....................................1-63

Figure 1-40. Switch-to-Server Trunk Configuration Example .....................................1-64

Figure 1-41. Client/Server Configuration Example .....................................................1-65

Figure 1-42. Choosing the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ..............................1-66

Figure 1-43. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1 ..............................1-67

Figure 1-44. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2 ..............................1-69

Figure 1-45. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3 ..............................1-71

Figure 1-46. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4 ..............................1-73

Figure 1-47. Loss of Distributed Trunk Members .......................................................1-77

Figure 1-48. Path Cost Arbitration Example ...............................................................1-78

Figure 1-49. Example 1: Correctly Configured Trunk .................................................1-79

Figure 1-50. Example 2: Detecting a Misconfigured Port .......... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .1-80

Figure 1-51. Port-Based Mirroring Configu ratio n Exampl e .................... ...... ....... ...... .1-83

Figure 1-52. Port Mirroring Port-Based Screen Example ...........................................1-85

Figure 1-53. Address-Based Mirroring Configuration Example ..................................1-86

Figure 1-54. Port Mirroring Address-Based Screen Example ....................................1-87

Figure 2-1. Package Contents ....................................................................................2-2

Figure 2-2. Positioning the Chassis in the Rack .........................................................2-5

Figure 2-3. Attaching Mounting Brackets ...................................................................2-6

Figure 2-4. Installing the Switch in an Equipment Rack .............................................2-6

Figure 2-5. 10BASE-T Port Connections ...................................................................2-8

Figure 2-6. Fiber Optic Port Connections ...................................................................2-9

Figure 2-7. Connecting to the Console/Comm Port .................................................2-11

Figure 2-8. BayStack 410-24T Switch AC Power Receptacle ..................................2-13

Figure 2-9. Grounded AC Power Outlet ....................................................................2-13

Figure 2-10. Observing LEDs to Verify Proper Operation ..........................................2-14

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Figure 2-11. BayStack 410-24T Switch Self-Test Screen ...........................................2-15

Figure 2-12. Nortel Networks Logo Screen ................................................................2-16

Figure 2-13. Main Menu for Standalone Switch .........................................................2-18

Figure 2-14. IP Configuration/Setup Screen (Standalone Switch) .............................2-19

Figure 2-15. Main Menu (Standalone Switch Example) .............................................2-21

Figure 2-16. Main Menu (Stack Configuration Example) ............................................2-21

Figure 2-17. IP Configuration/Setup Screen (Stack Configuration) ............................2-22

Figure 3-1. Map of Console Interface Screens ...........................................................3-3

Figure 3-2. Console Interface Main Menu ..................................................................3-4

Figure 3-3. IP Configuration/Setup Screen ................................................................3-8

Figure 3-4. SNMP Configuration Screen .............. ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............3 -13

Figure 3-5. System Characteristics Screen ................ ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... .............. 3 -1 5

Figure 3-6. Switch Configuration Menu Screen ........................................................3-18

Figure 3-7. MAC Address Table Screen ...................................................................3-21

Figure 3-8. MAC Address Security Configuration Menu ..........................................3-24

Figure 3-9. MAC Address Security Configuration Screen ........................................3-26

Figure 3-10. MAC Address Security Port Configuration (Screen 1 of 2) ....................3-29

Figure 3-11. MAC Address Security Port Configuration (Screen 2 of 2) ....................3-30

Figure 3-12. MAC Address Security Port Lists Screens (5 Screens) .........................3-32

Figure 3-13. MAC Address Security Port Lists Screen ..............................................3-33

Figure 3-14. MAC Address Security Table Screens (16 Screens) ..............................3-36

Figure 3-15. MAC Address Security Table Screen .....................................................3-37

Figure 3-16. VLAN Configuration Menu Screen .........................................................3-40

Figure 3-17. VLAN Configuration Screen ............................ .......................................3-42

Figure 3-18. VLAN Port Configuration Screen ...........................................................3-48

Figure 3-19. VLAN Display by P o rt Screen ................................................................3-50

Figure 3-20. Traffic Class Configuration Screen .........................................................3-52

Figure 3-21. Port Configuration Screen (1 of 2) .........................................................3-53

Figure 3-22. Port Configuration Screen (2 of 2) .........................................................3-54

Figure 3-23. High Speed Flow Control Configuration Screen ....................................3-56

Figure 3-24. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu Screen ..........................................3-59

Figure 3-25. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ....................................................3-61

Figure 3-26. MultiLink Trunk Utilization Screen (1 of 2) ....... .......................................3-63

Figure 3-27. MultiLink Trunk Utilization Screen (2 of 2) ....... .......................................3-64

Figure 3-28. Port Mirroring Configuration Screen ......................................................3-66

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Figure 3-29. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen (1 of 2) ...........................................3-69

Figure 3-30. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen (2 of 2) ...........................................3-70

Figure 3-31. IGMP Configuration Menu Screen .........................................................3-72

Figure 3-32. IGMP Configuration Screen ...................................................................3-74

Figure 3-33. Multicast Group Membership Screen .....................................................3-78

Figure 3-34. Port Statistics Screen .............................................................................3-79

Figure 3-35. ATM Configuration Menu Screen ...........................................................3-83

Figure 3-36. LEC Configuration Screen .....................................................................3-86

Figure 3-37. ATM MDA Configuration Screen ............................................................3-89

Figure 3-38. ATM MDA Software Download Screen ...................................................3-92

Figure 3-39. Console/Comm Port Configuration Screen ............................................3-94

Figure 3-40. Renumber Stack Units Screen .............................................................3-101

Figure 3-41. Hardware Unit Information Screen .......................................................3-103

Figure 3-42. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu Screen .........................................3-104

Figure 3-43. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen (1 of 2) ...............................3-105

Figure 3-44. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen (2 of 2) ...............................3-106

Figure 3-45. Spanning Tree Switch Settings Screen ................................................3-108

Figure 3-46. TELNET/SNMP Manager List Configuration Screen ...........................3-111

Figure 3-47. Software Download Screen .................................................................3-115

Figure 3-48. Configuration File Download/Upload Screen .......................................3-118

Figure 3-49. Event Log Screen ................. ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... .....3-12 1

Figure 3-50. Sample Event Log Entry Showing Excessive Bad Entries ...................3-122

Figure 3-51. Sample Event Log Entry Exceeding the Write Threshold ....................3-123

Figure 3-52. Sample Event Log Entry Showing Flash Update Status ......................3-123

Figure 3-53. Self-Test Sc reen Aft er Resetting the Switch ......... ...... ....... ...... ....... .....3-12 5

Figure 3-54. Nortel Networks Logo Screen ..............................................................3-126

Figure 3-55. Self-Test Screen After Resetting to Default Settings ............................3-128

Figure 3-56. Nortel Networks Logo Screen After Resetting to Default Settings .......3-129

Figure 3-57. Password Prompt Screen ....................................................................3-130

Figure 4-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Display Panel .........................................4-2

Figure B-1. 400-4TX MDA Front Panel ...................................................................... B-2

Figure B-2. 100BASE-FX MDA Front Panels ............................................................. B-4

Figure B-3. Installing an MDA .................................................................................... B-6

Figure C-1. Configuring 802.1Q VLANs (1 of 3) ........................................................ C-2

Figure C-2. Configuring 802.1Q VLANs (2 of 3) ........................................................ C-3

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309985-C Rev 00

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Figure C-3. Configuring 802.1Q VLANs (3 of 3) ........................................................ C-4

Figure C-4. Configuring the BayStack 450-2M3/2S3 MDA (1 of 3) ............................ C-5

Figure C-5. Configuring the BayStack 450-2M3/2S3 MDA (2 of 3) ............................ C-6

Figure C-6. Configuring the BayStack 450-2M3/2S3 MDA (3 of 3) ............................ C-7

Figure C-7. Configuring MultiLink Trunks ...................................................................C-8

Figure C-8. Configuring Port Mirroring (1 of 2) ..........................................................C-9

Figure C-9. Configuring Port Mirroring (2 of 2) ........................................................C-10

Figure C-10. Configuring IGMP Snooping (1 of 3) ..................................................... C-11

Figure C-11. Configuring IGMP Snooping (2 of 3) ..................................................... C-12

Figure C-12. Configuring IGMP Snooping (3 of 3) ..................................................... C-13

Figure D-1. RJ-45 (8-Pin Modular) Port Connector ...................................................D-1

Figure D-2. MDI-X to MDI Cable Connections ........................................................... D-3

Figure D-3. MDI-X to MDI-X Cable Connections .......................................................D-4

Figure D-4. DB-9 Console/Comm P ort Connector ..................................................... D-5

309985-C Rev 00

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Page 20

Page 21

Tables

Table 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Descriptions ...........................................1-4

Table 1-2. International Power Cord Specifications ..................................................1-7

Table 1-3. Supported SNMP Traps .........................................................................1-21

Table 2-1. Power-Up Sequence ..............................................................................2-14

Table 3-1. Console Interface Main Menu options ......................................................3-5

Table 3-2. IP Configuration/Setup Screen Fields ......................................................3-9

Table 3-3. SNMP Configuration Screen Fields .......................................................3-13

Table 3-4. System Characteristics Screen Fields ...................................................3-16

Table 3-5. Switch Configuration Menu Screen Options ..........................................3-19

Table 3-6. MAC Address Table Screen Fields ........................................................3-22

Table 3-7. MAC Address Security Configuration Menu Options ............................3-25

Table 3-8. MAC Address Security Configuration Screen Fields ............................3-27

Table 3-9. MAC Address Security Port Configuration Screen Fields .....................3-31

Table 3-10. MAC Address Security Port Lists Screen Fields ...................................3-33

Table 3-11. MAC Address Security Table Screen Fields .........................................3-38

Table 3-12. VLAN Configuration Menu Screen Options ...........................................3-40

Table 3-13. VLAN Configuration Screen Fields ........................................................3-42

Table 3-14. Predefined Protocol Identifier (PID) .......................................................3-45

Table 3-15. Reserved PIDs .......................................................................................3-46

Table 3-16. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Fields .................................................3-48

Table 3-17. VLAN Display by Port Screen Fields ......................................................3-51

Table 3-18. Traffic Class Configuration Screen Fields ..............................................3-52

Table 3-19. Port Configuration Screen Fields ...........................................................3-54

Table 3-20. High Speed Flow Control Configuration Screen Fields ..........................3-56

Table 3-21. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu Screen Options .............................3-59

Table 3-22. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen Fields ..........................................3-61

Table 3-23. Mul ti Lin k Trunk Utiliz ation Sc reen Fi elds .................... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3-64

Table 3-24. Port Mirroring Configuration Screen Fields ............................................3-66

Table 3-25. Monitoring Modes ..................................................................................3-68

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Table 3-26. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen Fields .............................................3-71

Table 3-27. IGMP Configuration Menu Screen Options ............................................3-72

Table 3-28. IGMP Configuration Screen Fields ........................................................3-74

Table 3-29. Multicast Group Membership Screen Options .......................................3-78

Table 3-30. Port Statistics Screen Fields ..................................................................3-80

Table 3-31. ATM Configuration Menu Screen Options ..............................................3-85

Table 3-32. LEC Configuration Screen Fields ...........................................................3-86

Table 3-33. ATM MDA Configuration Screen Fields ..................................................3-89

Table 3-34. ATM MDA Software Download Screen Fields ........................................3-92

Table 3-35. Console/Comm Port Configuration Screen Fields .................................3-94

Table 3-36. Renumber Stack Units Screen Options ...............................................3-102

Table 3-37. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu Screen Options ............................3-104

Table 3-38. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen Fields .................................3-106

Table 3-39. Spanning Tree Switch Settings Parameters .........................................3-109

Table 3-40. TELNET/SNMP Manager List Configuration Screen Fields .................3-112

Table 3-41. Software Download Screen Fields .......................................................3-115

Table 3-42. LED Indications During the Software Download Process ....................3-117

Table 3-43. Configuration File Download/Upload Screen Fields ............................3-119

Table 3-44. Parameters Not Saved to the Configuration File ..................................3-120

Table 4-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Descriptions ...........................................4-2

Table 4-2. Corrective Actions ....................................................................................4-5

Table 4-3. Software Download Error Codes .............................................................4-8

Table B-1. 400-4TX MDA Components .................................................................... B-2

Table B-2. 100BASE-FX MDA Components ............................................................ B-5

Table D-1. RJ-45 Port Connector Pin Assignments ................................................. D-2

Table D-2. DB-9 Console/Comm Port Connector Pin Assignments ......................... D-5

Table E-1. Factory Default Settings for the BayStack 410-24T Switch .................... E-1

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Preface

Congratulations on your purchase of the BayStack™ 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch, part of the Nortel Networks

This guide describes the features, uses, and installation procedures for the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch (also referred to in this guide as the “BayStack 410-24T switch” or the “switch”).

BayStack 410-24T switches include a dedicated Uplink/Expansion Module slot for attaching optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types. Installation ins truct ions are included with each MDA (see your Nortel Netwo r ks sales representative for ordering information).

™

BayStack Switch line of communications products.

309985-C Rev 00

For more information about the MDAs, refer to Appendix B, “

Media Dependent

Adapters.”

BayStack 410-24T switches provide Fail-Safe stackability when you install the optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module. Installation instructions are included with each BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see your Nortel Networks sales representative for ordering information).

For more information about the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module, see “

Stack

Operation” on page 1-27.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Audience

This guide is intended for network installers and system administrators who are responsible for installing, configuring, or maintaining networks. This guide assumes that you unders ta nd the transmission and management protoc ol s used on your network.

Organization

This guide has four chapters, six appendixes, and an index:

If you want to: Go to:

Learn about your BayStack 410-2 4T switch an d its key features Chapter 1 Install your BayStack 410-24T switch on a flat surface or in a

19-inch equipment rack, and verify its operation Connect to your BayStack 410-24T switch Console/Comm Port

and learn ho w to use th e console interfa ce (CI) menu s to con figur e and manage a standalone switch or a stack configuration

Troubl eshoot and diagnose prob lems with your BayStack 410-24T switch

View BayStack 410-24T switch operational and environmental specifications

Learn about optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) you can use with your BayStack 410-24T switch

Learn about Quick-Step flowcharts for using your BayStack 410-24T switch features

Learn more about your BayStack 410-24T switch connectors (ports) and pin assignments

View a list of factory default settings for your BayStack 410-24T switch

View a sample BootP configuration file Appendix F View an alphabetical listing of the topics and subtopics in this

guide, with cross-references to relevant information

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Appendix A

Appendix B

Appendix C

Appendix D

Appendix E

Index

xxiv

309985-C Rev 00

Page 25

Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

Preface

bold text

Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter.

Example: Enter

show ip {alerts | routes

Example: Use the

dinfo

command.

italic text Indicates file and directory names, new terms, book

titles, and variables in command syntax descriptions. Where a variable is two or mor e words, the wo rds are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show at

valid_route

<valid_route>

is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.

screen text Indicates system output, for example, prompts and

system messages. Example:

Set Trap Monitor Filters

[Enter] Named keys in text are enclosed in square brackets.

The notation [Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.

309985-C Rev 00

[Ctrl]-C Two or more keys that mu st be pres sed simul taneous ly

are shown in text linked with a hyphen (-) sign.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Acronyms

This guide uses the following acronyms:

ATM asynchronous transfer mode BootP Bootstrap Protocol BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit BUS broadcast and unknown server CI console interface CRC cyclic redundancy check CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access/collision detection CTS clear to send DCE data communications equipment DSR data set ready DTE data terminal equipment ECM Entity Coordination Management

xxvi

ELAN emulated LAN FID filtering database identifier HRPSU high-power redundant power supply unit IGMP Internet Gateway Management Protocol ILMI Interim local mana gement interface IP Internet Protocol ISO International Organization for Standardization LANE LAN emulation LEC LAN emulation client LECS LAN emulation configuration server LED light-emitting diode LES LAN emulation server MAC media access control

(continued)

309985-C Rev 00

Page 27

Preface

MDA media dependent adapter MDI medium dependent interface MDI-X medium dependent interface-crossover MIB Management Information Base MLT MultiLink Trunk NIC network interface controller NMS network management station PID Protocol Ide ntifier PVID port VLAN identifier RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Services RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RMON remote monitoring RPSU redundant power supply unit SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

309985-C Rev 00

STA Spanning Tree Algorithm STP Spanning Tree Protocol TELNET Network Virtual Terminal Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol UNI user-to-network interface UTP unshielded twisted pair VC virtual channel VID VLAN identifier VLAN virtual local area network VP virtual path

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Related Publications

For more information about using the BayStack 410-24T switch, refer to the following publications:

• Installing Media Dependent Adapters (MDAs) (Part number 302403-E) Describes ho w to ins tal l optional media dependent adapters to yo ur BayStack

410-24T switch.

• Installing the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (Part number 304433-B) Describes how to connect up to eight BaySt ac k 4 10- 24T switches into a stack

configuration by installing optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules.

• Reference for the BayStack 350/410/450 Management Software Operations

(Part number 201245-B) Describes how to use the Nortel Networks Device Manager software, a set of

graphical network management applications you can use to configure and manage the BayStack 350/410/450 switches.

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to the product for which you n eed documentation. Then locate the spe ci fi c c ate gor y an d model or version for your hardware or software product. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader to open the manuals and release notes, search for the sections you need, and print them on most standard printers. Go to the Adobe Systems Web address

www.adobe.com

support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/

to download a free copy of Acrobat Reader.

W eb addre ss. Find the

xxviii

You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications though the Interne t at t he

www1.fatbrain.com/documentation/nortel/

309985-C Rev 00

W eb addres s.

Page 29

How to Get Help

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program, cont act one of the fol lowing Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:

Technical Solutions Center Telephone

Billerica, MA 800-2LANWAN or (800) 252-6926 Santa Clara, CA 800-2LANWAN or (800) 252-6926 Valbonne, France (33) (4) 92-96-69-68 Sydney, Australia (61) (2) 9927-8800 Tokyo, Japan (8) (3) 5740-1700

Preface

309985-C Rev 00

xxix

Page 30

Page 31

Chapter 1

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

This chapter introduces the BayStack 410-24T switch and covers the f ollowing topics:

• Physical description

• Summary of features

• Network configuration examples

• Overview of main features

Description

The BayStack 410-24T switch (see Figure 1-1) provides high-performance, low-cost full-duplex and half-duplex connections to 10BASE-T local area networks (LANs). Wi th the addition of (optional) media dependent adapters (MDAs), the BayStack 410-24T switch can support high-speed connections to servers, shared fast Ethernet hubs, or backbone devices.

BayStack 410-24T

Figure 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch

309985-C Rev 00

BS41001A

1-1

Page 32

Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Front Panel

Figure 1-2 shows the BayStack 410-24T switch front panel. Descriptions of the

front panel components follow the figure. For a description of the components located on the back panel of the BayStack

410-24T switch, see “Back Panel

” on page 1-6.

Comm Port

Uplink/Expansion Module

2826 2725

5713 9

682 4 10 12

BayStack 410-24T

= Comm Port

= Uplink/Expansion Module slot

= 10BASE-T port connectors

= LED display panel

Figure 1-2. BayStack 410-24T Switch Front Panel

Comm Port

The Comm Port (also referred to as the Console/Comm Port) allows you to access the console interface (CI) screens and customize your network using the supplied menus and screens (see Chapter 3, “

Using the Console Interface”).

17 1913 15 21

18 2014 16 22 24

Status RPSUBase

Cas

Pwr Up

Dwn

Link Activity Link Activity

BS41064A

1-2

The Console/Comm Port is a DB-9, RS-232- D male serial port conn ector . You can use this connector to connect a management station or console/terminal to the switch by using a straight-through DB-9 to DB-9 standard serial port cable (see

“

Console/Comm Port” on page 2-10).

309985-C Rev 00

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

The Console/Comm Port is configured as a data communications

Note:

equipment (DCE) connector. Ensure that your RS-232 cable pinouts are configured for DCE co nnections (see “DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port

Connector” on page D-5).

The console port default settings are: 9600 baud with eight data bits, one stop bit, and no parity as the communications format, with flow control set to Xon/Xoff.

Uplink/Expansion ModuleSlot

The Uplink/Expansion Module s lot allo ws you to att ach optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types (see Appendix B, “

Media Dependent Adapters” for more information about MDA types available from

Nortel Networks).

10BASE-T Port Connectors

Your BayStack 410-24T switch uses 10BASE-T (8-pin modular) port connectors. All BayStack 410-24T switches are shipped with port connectors configured as

MDI-X (media-dependent interface-crossover). These ports connect over straight cables to the netwo rk interf ace cont roller (NIC ) card in a node or serv er , simi lar to a conventional Ethernet repeater hub. If you are connecting to another Ethernet hub or Ethernet switch, you need a crossover cable unless an MDI connection exists on the associated po rt of the attach ed device (see “MDI and MDI-X

Devices” on page D-2).

Your switch ports support half- and full-duplex mode operation and use RJ-45 port connectors to connect to 10BASE-T Ethernet segments or nodes (see also

“Connecting 10BASE-T Ports and

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX MDA ports (optional) must use Category 5

Note:

10/100 MDA Ports” on page 2-8).

UTP cable to accommodate the 100BASE-TX functionality.

See Appendix D, “

Connectors and Pin Assignments,” f or mo re information about

the RJ-45 port connectors.

309985-C Rev 00

1-3

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

LED Display P anel

Figure 1-3

shows the LED di splay panels used wit h the Ba yStack 4 10- 24T switch.

BayStack

Cas

Pwr Up

Dwn

Status

RPSUBase

410-24T Switch

153

2642220 241814 1612810

1713 151179

BayStack 410-24T

Figure 1-3. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Display Panel

Table 1-1 provides descriptions of the LEDs.

Table 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Descriptions

2119 23

Link Activity Link Activity

BS41065A

Label Type Color State Meaning

Pwr Power status Green On DC power is available to the switch’s internal circuitr y.

Off No AC power to switch, or power supply failed.

Status System status Green On Self-test passed successfully and switch is operational.

Blinking A nonfatal error occurred during the self-test. Off The switch failed the self-test.

RPSU RPSU status Green On The switch is connected to the HRPSU and can receive

power if needed.

Off The switch is not connected to the HRPSU or HRPSU is

not supplying power.

(continued)

1-4

309985-C Rev 00

Page 35

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Table 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Descriptions

Label Type Color State Meaning

CAS Up Stack mode Off The switch is in standalone mode.

Green On The switch is connected to the

In connector.

Yellow On The Cascad e A Out connecto r (CAS Up) f or this s w itch is

looped internally (wrapped to the secondary ring).

Yellow or Green

CAS Dwn Stack mode Off The switch is in standalone mode.

Green On The switch is connected to the

Yellow On The Cascade A In c on nec tor (CAS Dwn ) for this switch is

Yellow or Green

Base Base mode Green On The switch is configured as the stack base unit.

Yellow On This unit is operating as the stack configuration’s

Blinking Incompatible software revision or unable to obtain a unit

ID (Renumber Stack Unit table full). The unit is on the ring but cannot par ticipate in the stack configuration.

Cascade A Out connector.

looped internally (wrapped to the secondary ring).

Blinking Incompatible software revision or unable to obtain a unit

ID (Renumber Stack Unit table full). The unit is on the ring but cannot par ticipate in the stack configuration.

Off The switch is

in standalone mode).

Blinking Stack configuration error: Indicates that

units or no base units are configured in the stack.

temporary base unit

if the base unit (directly downstream from this unit) fails. If this happens, the following events take place:

• The two units directly upstream and directly downstream from the failed unit automatically wrap their cascade connectors and indicate this condition by lighting t hei r Ca s Up and Ca s D wn L E Ds (s ee Cas Up and Cas Dwn description in this table).

• If the temporary base unit fails, the next unit directly downstream from this unit becomes the new temporary base unit. This process can continue until there are only two units left in the stack configuration.

(continued)

upstream

downstream

configured as the stack base unit (or is

not

. This condition occurs automatically

unit’s Cascade A

unit’s

multiple

base

(continued)

309985-C Rev 00

1-5

Page 36

Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Table 1-1. BayStack 410-24T Switch LED Descriptions

(continued)

Label Type Color State Meaning

This automatic process is a temporary safeguard only. If the stack configuration loses power, the temporary base unit will not power up as the base unit when power is restored. For this reason, you should always assign the temporary base unit as the base unit (set the Unit Select switch to Ba se ) u nti l the failed unit is repaired or replaced.

Link 10 Mb/s port

speed indicator

Green On The corresponding port is set to operate at 10 Mb/s and

the link is good.

Green Blinking The corresponding port has been disabled by software.

Off The link connection is bad or there is no connection to

this port.

Activity Port activity Green Blinking Indicates network activity for the corresponding port. A

high level of network activity can cause the LEDs to appear to be on continuously.

Back Panel

This section describes the BayStack 410-24T switch back panel components (Figure 1-4

Descriptions of the back panel compon ents follow the figure.

100-240V~

47-63HZ~

1.5A-600ma

= AC power receptacle

= RPSU connector

= Cascade Module Slot

Figure 1-4. BayStack 410-24T Switch Back Panel

1-6

Redundant Power

Cascade Module

BS41004A

309985-C Rev 00

Page 37

228FA

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

AC Power Receptacle

The AC power receptacle accepts the AC power cord (supplied). For installation outside of North Ameri ca, make sure that you ha v e the prop er po wer cord for you r region. Any cord used must have a CEE-22 standard V female connector on one end and must meet the IEC 320-030 specifications.

Table 1-2

lists speci fications for international power cord s.

Table 1-2. International Power Cord Specifications

Country/Plug description Specifications Typical plug

Australia:

• AS3112-1981 Male plug

Continental Europe:

• CEE7 standard VII male plug

• Harmonized cord (HAR marking

on the outside of the cord jacket to comply with the CENELEC Harmonized Document HD-21)

U.S./Canada/Japan:

• NEMA5-15P male plug

• UL recognized (UL stamped

on cord jacket)

• CSA certified (CSA label secured to the cord)

United Kingdom:

• BS1363 male plug with fuse

• Harmonized cord

240 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

220 or 230 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

100 or 120 VAC 50–60 Hz Single phase

240 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

230FA

227FA

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229FA

1-7

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

RPSU Connector

The RPSU connector allows you to connect a backup power supply unit to the switch. Nortel Networks provides an (optional) high-power redundant power supply unit (HRPSU) for this purpose. The HRPSU is a hot-swappable power supply unit that provides uninterrupted operation to up to four BayStack 410-24T switches in the event that any of the switch power supplies fail.

Nortel Networks provides the HRPSU power rack (Order No. AA0002001) with four slots for power supply modules (Order No. AA0005003). Each HRPSU can support up to four BayStack 410-24T switches. Installation instructions are provided with the HRPSU.

Contact your Nortel Ne tw orks sales repre senta tive for more informat io n about the HRPSU.

Cascade Module Slot

The Cascade Module slot allows you to attach an optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module to the switch (see “

You can connect up to eight BayStack 410-24T switches into a redundant stack configuration. BayStack 410-24T switches use a fail-safe cascade stacking architecture whic h, in the unlik ely ev ent of a swit ch failur e, maintains the integ rity of the remaining stack: al l si gnal s ar e loop ed back at the poi nt of f ai lur e. Beca use each unit in the stack has a full copy of the stack configuration, operation of the stack continues without affecting application connectivity.

Stack Operation” on page 1-27).

1-8

Any mix of up to eight BayStack 410-24T switches and BayStack 450 switches can be stacked to provide a total of 224 ports (when all MDA slots are configured with the maximum port availability).

Installation instructions are provided with each BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see Installing the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module). See your Nortel Networks sales representative for ordering information.

Cooling Fans

The variabl e- spe ed co oli ng fans (not shown) are loc at ed on on e side of the switch to provide cooling for the internal components. When you install the switch, be sure to allow enough space on both sides of the switch for adequate air flow.

309985-C Rev 00

Page 39

Features

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

BayStack 410-24T switches offer the following features:

• High-speed forwarding rate: Up to 1 million packets per second (peak)

• Store-and-forward switch: Full-performance forwarding at full line speed,

utilizing a 1.28 Gigabit/second switch fabric

• Learning rate: 1 million addresses per second (peak)

• Address database size: 16,000 entries at line rate (32,000 entries without

flooding)

• Fail-safe stacking: Provides uninterrupted connectivity for up to eight units, with up to 224 ports stacked together as one managed unit (requires one optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module kit per stacked unit. See your Nortel Netwo r ks sales representative for ordering information).

• Spanning Tree Protocol (STP): Complies with IEEE 802.1D standard. STP can be disabled on the entire switch or stack, or on a per-port basis.

• SNMP agent support for the following management information bases (MIBs):

309985-C Rev 00

-- SNMPv2 (RFC 1907)

-- Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)

-- Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643)

-- RMON MIB (RFC 1757)

-- MIB-II (RFC 1213)

-- Interface MIB (R FC 1573)

-- Nortel Networks proprietary MIBs:

- s5Chas MIB

- s5Agent MIB

- Rapid City MIB

• High-speed Uplink/Expansion Module slot: Allows you to attach optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types.

• Rate limiting: Adjustable broad cast or IP multicast packet-r ate limits for control of broadcast and IP multicast storms.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

• Console/Comm port: Allo ws use rs to c onf igure and manage the swit ch local ly or remotely.

• Virtual local area networks (VLANs), supporting:

-- IEEE 802.1Q port-based VLANs

-- Protocol-based VLANs

• TELNET:

-- Support for up to four simultaneous TELNET sessions

-- Optional password protection

-- Login time-out

-- Failed-logi n guard

-- Inactivity time-out

-- Allowed source addresses

-- Event logging

• IEEE 802.1Q port-based virtual LANs (VLANs)

• IGMP snooping

1-10

• IEEE 802.1p prioritizing

• MultiLink Trunking, supporting:

-- Switch-to-switch trunks

-- Switch-to-server trunks

• Port mirroring (conversation steering)

-- Port-based

-- MAC address-based

• IEEE 802.3u-compliant optional MDA a uto negotiation ports, with four modes:

-- 10BASE-T half-duplex

-- 10BASE-T full-duplex

-- 100BASE-TX half-duplex

-- 100BASE-TX full-duplex

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

• Front panel light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to monitor the following:

-- Power status

-- System status

-- Stack status for the following:

- Cascade Up and Cascade Down status

- Base unit status

-- RPSU status

-- Per-port status for the following:

- 10 Mb/s link

- Tx/Rx activity

- Manageme nt enable/di sable

• Upgradeable device firmware in nonvolatile flash memory using the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

• Configuration file download/upload support: Allows you to store your switch/ stack configuration parameters on a TFTP server.

309985-C Rev 00

• Remote monitoring (RMON), with four groups integrated:

-- Statistics

-- History

-- Alarms

-- Events

• Security:

-- MAC address-based security: Allows you to limit access to the switch

based on MAC addresses.

-- RADIUS network security: Allows you to set up your switch with

RADIUS-based (Remote Authentication Dial-In U ser Services) security, for authenticating TELNET logins.

-- SNMP security: Allows you to limit administration access to the switch via

IP filtering.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs)

In a traditional shared-media network, traffic generated by a station is propagated to all other stations on the local segment. Therefore, for any given station on the shared Ethernet, the local segment is the collision domain because traffic on the segment has the pote ntial to cause an Ethernet colli sion. The l ocal se gment is also the broadcast domain because any broadcast is sent to all stations on the local segment. Although Ethernet switches and bridges divide a network into smaller collision domains, they do not affect the broadcast domain. In simple terms, a virtual local area network provides a mechanism to fine-tune broadcast domains.

Your BayStack 410-24T switch allows you to create two types of VLANs:

• Port-based VLANs A port-based VLAN is a VLAN in which the ports are explicitly configured to

be in the VLAN. When you create a port-based VLAN, you assign a Port VLAN Identifier (PVID) and specify which ports belong to the VLAN. The PVID is used to coordinate VLANs across multiple switches.

• Protocol-based VLANs A protocol-based VLAN i s a VLAN i n which you assign your switch por ts as

members of a broadcast doma in, base d on the pr otocol infor mation wi thin t he packet. Protocol-based VLANs can localize broadcast traffic and assure that only the protocol-based VLAN ports are flooded with the specified protocol type packets.

1-12

Your switch ports can be members o f multiple p rotocol-bas ed VLANs th at are not based on the same protocol. Only tagged ports can be members of

multiple protocol-based VLANs that are based on the same protocol.

BayStack 410-24T switches support up to 64 port-based or protocol-based VLANs. When a switch port is conf igure d to be a member of a VLAN, it is added to a group of ports (workgroup) that belong to one broadcast domain. You can assign different ports (and therefore the devices attached to these ports) to different broadcast domains. This feature allows network flexibility because you can reassign VLANs to accommodate network moves, additions, and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling.

For more information about VLANs, see “

page 1-38

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups” on

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Security

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Your BayStack 410-24T switch security feature can provide three levels of security for your local area network (LAN):

• MAC address-based security -- Limits access to the switch based on allowed source MAC addresses.

• RADIUS-based security -- Limits admin is tr at ive access to the swi tc h through user authentication.

• SNMP security -- Limits administration access via selective IP filtering.

Figure 1-5

shows an example of a typical campus configuration using the

BayStack 410-24T switch security features.

RADIUS server

To Network

Center

Switch

Student Dormitory

RADIUS-based

security

Teachers’ offices and classrooms

Legend

= Secure locked area

Library

Figure 1-5. BayStack 410-24T Switch Security Feature

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BS41077A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

In this configuration example, the following security measures are implemented:

• The switch

-- MAC address-based security is used to allow up to 448 authorized stations

(MAC addresses) access to one or more switch ports

MAC Address-Based Security” on page 1-15).

(see “

-- RADIUS-based security is used to limit administrative access through user

authentication (see “

RADIUS-Based Network Security” on page 1-16).

-- SNMP-based security is used to limit administrative access through

selective IP filtering (see “ on page 3-111

-- The switch is located in a locked closet, accessible only by authorized

Technical Services personnel.

• Student dormitory Dormitory rooms are typically occupied by two students and have been

prewired with two RJ-45 jacks. Only students who are authorized (as specified by the MAC address-based security feature) can access the switch on the secured ports.

TELNET/SNMP Manager List Configuration”

1-14

• Teachers’ offices and classrooms The PCs that are located in the teachers’ offices and in the classrooms are

assigned MAC address-based security that is specific for each classroom and office location. The security feature logically locks each wall jack to the specified station and prevents unauthorized access to the switch should someone attempt to connect a personal laptop PC into the wall jack. The printer is assigned as a single station and is allowed full bandwidth on that switch port.

It is assumed that all PCs are password protected and that the classrooms and offices are physically secured.

• Library The wall jacks in the library are set up so that the PCs can be connected to any

wall jack in the room. This allows the PCs to be moved anywhere in the room. The exception is the printer, which is assigned as a single station with full bandwidth to that port.

It is assumed that all P Cs are p ass word pro tecte d and th at acc ess to th e libr ary is physically secured.

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Page 45

MAC Address-Based Security

The MAC address-based security feature allows you to set up network access control, based on source MAC addresses of authorized stations.

You can:

• Create a list of up to 448 MAC addresses and specify which addresses are authorized to connect to your switch or stack configuration. The 448 MAC addresses can be configured within a single standalone switch or they can be distributed in any order among the units in a single stack configuration.

• Specify which of your switch ports each MAC address is allowed to access. The options for allowed port access include: NONE, ALL, and single or

multiple ports that are specified in a li st , for example, 1/1-4,1/6 ,2/9 (see “

List Syntax” on page 3-34).

• Specify optional actions to be e xercised by your switch if the so ftw are detect s a security violation.

The response can be to sen d a trap, turn on destination addres s ( DA) filtering, disable the specific port, or any combination of these three options.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Port

309985-C Rev 00

For instructions on using the console interface (CI) to s et up network access control, see “

MAC Address-Based Security” on page 3-23.

The MAC address-based security feature is based on Nortel Networks BaySecure

™

LAN Access for Ethernet, a real-t ime sec urity sys tem that safe guards

Ethernet networks from unauthorized surveillance and intrusion. To learn more about Nortel Networks BaySecure LAN Access for Ethernet, refer

to the Bay Networks Guide to Implementing BaySecure LAN Access for Ethernet (Part number 345-1106A).

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

RADIUS-Based Network Security

The RADIUS-based security feature allows you to set up network access control, using the RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Services) security protocol. The RADIUS-based security feature uses the RADIUS protocol to authenticate local console and TELNET logins.

You will need to set up specific user accounts (user names and passwords, and Service-Type attributes) on your RADIUS server before the authentication process can be initiated. To provide each user with appropriate levels of access to the switch, set the following username attributes on your RADIUS server:

• Read-write access -- Set the Service-Type field value to Administrative.

• Read-only access -- Set the Service-Type field value to NAS-Prompt.

For detailed instructions about setting up your RADIUS server, refer to your RADIUS server documentati on.

For instructions on using the console interface (CI) to set up the RADIUS-based security feature, see “

Console/Comm Port Configuration” on page 3-94.

SNMP Security

The SNMP security feature allows you to set up network access control using selective IP filtering. SNMP-based security limits administration access to the switch, based on IP address filters.

For instructions on using the console interface (CI) to set up SNMP security, see

“

TELNET/SNMP Manager List Configuration” on page 3-111.

IEEE 802.1p

The BayStack 410-24T switch can prioritize the order in which packets are forwarded, on a per-port basis.

For more information about the IEEE 802.1p prioritizing feature, see “

802.1p Prioritizing” on page 1-59.

1-16

IEEE

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

IGMP Snooping Feature

For conserving bandwidth and controlling IP multicast, the IGMP snooping feature can provide the same benefit as IP multicast routers, but in the local area. For more infor mation about th e IGMP snooping feature, see “

page 1-54

Configuration and Switch Management

The BayStack 410-24T switch is shipped directly from the factory ready to operate in any 10BASE-T network. Optional MDAs are available for connecting to 100BASE-T networks. You can manage the switch using the Nortel Networks Optivity Software, or any generic SNMP-based network management software; however, you must assign an IP address to the switch or stack, depending on the mode of operation. You can set both addresses by using the Console/Comm Port or BootP, which resides on the switch. For more information about using the Console/ Comm Port to configure the switch, see Chapter 3, “

network management software, Nortel Networks Device Manager

IGMP Snooping” on

Using the Console Interface.”

Flash Memory Storage

The following two sections describe switch parameters that are stored in flash memory.

Switch Software Image

Your switch’s software image is stored in flash memory . The flash memory allows you to update your s witch soft war e image wi th a ne we r v ersi on, with out cha nging the switch hardware (see “ connection between the switch and the TFTP load host is required to download the software image.

If a BootP server is set up properly on the network and the BayStack 410-24T switch detects a corrupted software ima ge during the self-test, the switch automatically uses TFTP to download a new software image.

309985-C Rev 00

Software Download” on page 3-114). An in-band

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Configuration Parameters

Certain configuration parameters, including the system characteristics strings, some VLAN parameters, IGMP configuration parameters, and the MultiLink Trunk names are stored in flash memory. These parameters are updated every 10 minutes or whenever you issue the Save Current Settings command (also, whenever you issue the Reset command).

Note:

Do not power off the switch within ten minutes of changing any configuration parameters, unless you first issue the Save Current Settings command. Powering down the switch within 10 minutes of changing configuration parameters (without resetting) can cause the changed configuration parameters to be lost.

Autosensing and Autonegotiation

BayStack 410-24T switches are autosensing and autonegotiating devices. The term autosense refers to a port’s ability to sense the speed of an attac hed device. The term autonegotiation refers to a standardized protocol (IEEE 802.3u) that exists between two IEEE 802.3u-capable devices.

1-18

Because the BayStack 410-24T switch uses fixed 10BASE-T ports, the autonegotiation feature does not negotiate the port speed when connecting to another IEEE 802.3u-capable device. The BayStack 410-24T switch only negotiates the best duplex mode.

When an optional 10/100 BASE-T MDA is installed, the autonegotiation feature selects the best of both speed and duplex modes for that connection. The MDA ports negoti ate do wn fro m 100 Mb/s speed a nd full- duple x mode until a supporte d speed and duplex mode is acknowledged by the attached device.

Autosensing is use d whe n t he attached device is n ot capable of autonegotiat i on or is using a form of autonegotiation that is not compatible with the IEEE 802.3u autonegotiation standard. In this case, because it is not possible to sense the duplex mode of the attached device, the BayStack 410-24T switch reverts to half-duplex mode.

For more information about autosensing and autonegotiation modes, see

“

Autonegotiation Modes” on page 4-7.

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Page 49

MultiLink Trunking

The MultiLink Trunking feature allows you to group multiple ports (up to four) together when forming a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate thr oughp ut of the inter connect ion bet ween tw o devices (up to 800 Mb/s in full-duplex mode when an optional 100BASE-T MDA is installed). BayStack 410-24T switches can be configured with up to six MultiLink Trunks. The trunk members can be conf igure d within a single uni t in the stack or distr ib uted betwee n any of the units within the stack configuration (distributed trunking).

For more information about the MultiLink Trunking feature, see “MultiLink

Trunks” on page 1-63.

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs

BayStack 410-24T switches support up to 64 port-based VLANs with IEEE

802.1Q tagging available per port. When a switch port is configured to be a member of a VLAN, it is added to a

group of ports (workgroup) that belong to one broadcast domain. You can assign different ports (and therefore the devices attached to these ports) to different broadcast domains.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

This feature allows network flexibility because you can reassign VLANs to accommodate network moves, additions, and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling.

For more information about 802.1Q VLANs, see “

Workgroups” on page 1-38.

Port Mirroring

The port mirroring featu re (sometimes referred to as conversation ste ering) allows a user to designate a single swit ch por t as a tr affic monitor for up to two specified ports or two media access control (MAC) addresses.

You can specify Port-Based monitoring, where all traffic on specified ports is monitored, or Address-Based monitoring, where traffic between specified MAC addresses is monitored.

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IEEE 802.1Q VLAN

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

You can attach a probe device (such as a Nortel Networks StackProbe, or equivalent) to the designated monitor port.

For more information about the port mirroring feature, see “P

(Conversation Steering)” on page 1-82.

BootP Automatic IP Configuration/MAC Address

The BayStack 410-24T switch has a unique 48-bit hardware address, or MAC address, that is printed on a label on the back panel. You use this MAC address when you confi gure the ne twor k BootP server to recognize the BaySt ack 41 0-2 4T switch BootP requests. A properly configured BootP server enables the switch to automatically le ar n it s assigned IP address, subnet mask, I P add re ss of the default router (default gateway), and software image file name.

When the switch is participating in a stack configuration, a Stack MAC address is assigned automatically during the stack initialization. The base unit’s MAC address, with an offset, is used for the Stack MAC address.

For example, if the base unit’s MAC address is: 00-00-82-99-44-00 and the offset is: 1F

ort Mirroring

1-20

then the Stack MAC address becomes: 00-00-82-99-44-1F If another unit in the stack is assigned as the base unit, the MAC address of the

new base unit (with offset) now applies to the stack configuration. The original stack IP address still applies to the new base unit.

For an example of a BootP configuration file, see Appendix F, “

Configuration Fil e.”

Sample BootP

309985-C Rev 00

Page 51

SNMP MIB Support

The BayStack 410-24T switch supports an SNMP agent with industry standard MIBs, as well as private MIB extensions, whic h ensures compatibility with existing network management tools. The BayStack 410-24T switch supports the MIB-II (RFC 1213), the Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), and the RMON MIB (RFC

1757), which provide access to detailed management statistics.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

For a complete listing of supported MIBs, see “ For details on SNMP trap support, see “

SNMP Trap Support” following this

Features” on page 1-9.

section.

SNMP Trap Support

The BayStack 410-24T switch supports an SNMP agent with industry standard SNMPv1 traps, as well as private SNMPv1 trap extensions (Table 1-3

Table 1-3. Supported SNMP Traps

Trap Name Configurable Sent when:

RFC 1215 (I ndustry Standard):

linkUp Per port A port’s link state changes to up. linkDown Per port A port’s link state changes to down. authenticationFailure System wide There is an SNMP authentication failure. coldStart Always on The system is powered on. warmStart Always on The system restarts due to a management reset.

s5Ctr MIB (Nortel Networks Proprietary Traps):

s5CtrUnitUp Always on A unit is added to an operational stack. s5CtrUnitD own Always on A unit is removed from an operational st ack. s5CtrHotSwap Always on A unit is hot-swapped in an operational stack. s5CtrProblem Always on An assigned base unit fails. s5EtrMgmAccessViolati on Always on An SNMP management attempt by an “IP filtered”

station is detected.

s5EtrSbsMacAccessViolation System wide A MAC address-based security violation is detected.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Network Configuration

You can use BayStack 410-24T switches to connect workstations, personal computers (PCs), and serv ers to ea ch other by conne cting these de vices dire ctly to the switch, through a shared media hub that is connected to the switch, or by creating a virtual LAN (VLAN) through the switch.

This section provides four network configuration examples using BayStack 410-24T switches:

• Desktop switch application

• Segment switch application

• High-density switched workgroup application

• Fail-safe stack application

Desktop Switch Application

Figure 1-6 shows the BayStack 410-24T switch used as a desktop switch, where

desktop workstations are connected directly to switch ports.

1-22

This configuration uses the optional 400-4TX MDA (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) and provides dedicated 100 Mb/s connections to the network center, to the server, and for two users. Twenty-four users are provided with dedicated 10 Mb/s connections.

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Page 53

10BASE-T hub

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Before After

BayStack 410-24T switch

Up to 24

10 Mb/s users

Server Up to 22 users

Network

Center

Key

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 200 Mb/s

- 22 users share 10 Mb/s (10/22 Mb/s per user)

- Server bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- 24 users with dedicated 10 Mb/s bandwidth

- 2 users with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Server with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Network center with dedicated 100 Mb/s full-duplex bandwith (200 mb/s bidirectional)

Server

Network

Center

Figure 1-6. BayStack 410-24T Switch Used as a Desktop Switch

2 additional

100 Mb/s users

BS41005A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Segment Switch Application

Figure 1-7 shows the BayStack 410-24T switch used as a segment switch to

alleviate user contention for bandwidth and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. Befo re segmentation, 88 use rs had a total bandwidth of only 10 Mb/s available. After segmentation, 114 users have 40 Mb/s, four times the previous bandwidth, while adding 22 dedicated 10 Mb/s connections. This configuration can be extended to add more segments without degrading performance.

Before

10BASE-T hubs

Server

Network

Center

Key

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 200 Mb/s

- 88 users share 10 Mb/s (10/88 Mb/s per user)

- Server bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- Total of 88 users

Up to

88 users

After

Server

Network

Center

- Four sets of 23 users; each set shares 10 Mb/s (10/23 Mb/s per user)

- Addition of 22 users; each with dedicated 10 Mb/s bandwidth

- Server with dedicated 100 Mb/s full-duplex bandwidth (200 Mb/s bidirectional

- Network center with dedicated 100 Mb/s full-duplex bandwidth (200 Mb/s bidirectional)

- Total of 114 users

BayStack 410-24T switch

Up to 22

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

BS41006A

Figure 1-7. BayStack 410-24T Switch Used as a Workgroup Switch

1-24

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Page 55

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

High-Density Switched Workgroup Application

Figure 1-8 shows a BayStack 410-24T switch using an (optional) 400-4TX MDA

to connect to a BayStack 450 switch. The Baystack 450 switch provides a high-speed connection t o a Nortel Netw orks Accela r and 304 switches are also shown in this high-density workgroup example.

The Accelar 1100 switch is used as a backbone switch, connecting to the BayStack 450 switch configured with a gigabit (1000BASE-SX) MDA for maximum bandwidth. The BayStack 303 and 304 switches have 100 Mb/s connections to the BayStack 410-24T switch, a 100BASE-TX hub, and a 100 Mb/s server and 10 Mb/s connections to DTE (data terminal equipment).

See the Nortel Networks library Web page: support.baynetworks.com/library/ for online documentation about the Nortel Networks Accelar 1100 switch and the BayStack 303 and 304 switches.

™

1100 switch. BayStack 303

BayStack 410-24T

BayStack 450 switch

CPUPS1 PS2FAN

Accelar switch

Key

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 1000 Mb/s

(Gigabit)

switch

303

Server

304

Figure 1-8. Configuring Power Workgroups and a Shared Media Hub

309985-C Rev 00

BayStack 303 switch

100BASE-TX hub

BayStack 304 switch

BS41007A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Fail-Safe Stack Application

Figure 1-9 shows eight switches (a single BayStack 450 switch and seven

BayStack 410-24T switc hes) t hat ar e stac ked tog ether as a si ngle mana ged un it. I f any unit in the stack fails, the remaining sta ck remains ope rational.

As shown in Figure 1-9

, an Accelar 1100 switch is used as a backbone switch, connecting to a BayStack 450 switch with an optional gigabit 1000BASE-SX MDA for maximum bandwidth (the BayStack 410-24T switch does not support optional gigabit and ATM MDAs).

This configuration uses optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules to connect the switches in the fail-safe stack. that is avai lable for the BayStack 410-24T switches, see

For an overview of the fail-s afe stac king feat ure

“

Stack Operation

”

following this section.

Accelar switch

CPUPS1 PS2FAN

BayStack 450-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T BayStack 410-24T

Up to 24 users

Up to 28 users

1-26

Up to 28 users

BS41008A

Figure 1-9. Fail-Safe Stack Example

309985-C Rev 00

Page 57

Stack Operation

BayStack 410-24T switches provide fail-safe stackability when you install (optional) BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

The BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module supports the following switches

• Nortel Networks Business Policy Switch 2000

™

• BayStack 450 Switch

• BayStack 410-24T Switch

You can create a mixed stack of supported switches, but certain restrictions apply: As shown in Figure 1-10

, in a mixed stack configuration, the BayStack 450 and 410-24T switches must use compatible but device-specific software versions to operate with the Business Policy Switch.

Mixed stack confi guration

Business Policy Switch

BayStack 450

A Business Policy Switch must

be assigned as the Base Unit

Same software

versions

All stack units

must have the same

Interoperability Software

Version Number (ISVN)

BayStack 450

Same software

BayStack 410-24T

versions

Figure 1-10. Compatible Software Versions

The terms “Nortel Networks Business Policy Switch 2000” and “Business Polic y Switch” are used synonymously in this guide.

309985-C Rev 00

BS45083A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

You must ensure that the Interoperability Software Version Numb ers (ISVNs) are identical. That is, the ISVN for the BayStack 450 and 410-24T must be the same as the ISVN for the Business Policy Switch.

Note:

If the ISVNs are different, only the units that have the same ISVN as the

base unit will form a stack.

You can verify your swi tch s oftw ar e v ers ion a nd ISVN in the s ysDescr field of the System Characteristics screen (see “

Also, for correct operation in a mixed stack configuration, the Business Policy Switch must be configured as the base unit.

Note:

If you do not designate the Business Policy Switch as the base unit, the

mixed stack will not operate.

Note:

BayStack 450 Switches that are configured with (optional) BayStack 450-2M3/2S3 MD As wil l not operat e in a mix ed stack conf i guration that includes one or more Business Policy Switches.

System Characteristics” on page 3-15).

1-28

You can connect up to eight switches to provide uninterrupted connectivity for up to 224 ports (see “

Fail-Safe Stack Application” on page 1-26). The entire stack is

manageable as a single unit. Installa tion instructions are provided with the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see your Nortel Networks sales representative for ordering information).

Note:

The BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module will not operate with BayStack 450 switches that are configured with BayStack 450 software versions earl ier than version V1.1.0. You must upgrade the switches to BayStack 450 software version V1.1.0 (or later) before you install the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules.

If you need to upgrade your BayStack 450 switches, refer to the upgrade instructions provided in the Installing the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module guide.

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BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module

The front-panel component s of the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modul e are sho wn in Figure 1-11

. Component descriptions follow the figure.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Cascade A Out

1 = Blank connectors (unused) 2 = Cascade A Out connector 3 = Unit Select switch 4 = Cascade A In connector

Unit Select

Base

Cascade A In

BS0031B

Figure 1-11. BayStack 400-ST1 Front-Panel Components

Cascade A Out Connector

Provides an attachment point for connecting this unit to another unit via the cascade cable. A return cable from another u nit ’s Cascade A Out connector to this unit’s Cascade A In connector completes the stack connection (see the example shown in Figure 1-12

Unit Select Switch

The Unit Select switch (up = Base) determines the base unit for the s tack configuration (see “

Base Unit” on page 1-31). The Unit Select switch status is

displayed on the BayStack 450 LED display panel. When the Unit Select switch is in the Base (up) position, all other Unit Select switches in the stack configuration must be set to Off (down).

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Cascade A In Connector

Provides an attachment point for accepting a cascade cable connection from an adjacent unit in the st ack. A return cable from this unit’s Cascade A Out connector to the adjacent unit’s Cascade A In connector completes the stac k c onnection (see the example shown in Figure 1-12

Cascade A Out

Unit 1

Cascade A Out

Unit 2

Cascade A Out

1 = Base unit 2 = 303978-A cascade cable 3 = 303978-A cascade cable (used for return)

Cascade A InUnit Select

Figure 1-12. Connecting Cascade Cables

Cascade A In

BS0032B

1-30

For stacking thr ee or more units (maximum 8 units per st ac k), order the

Note:

optional 1 meter (3.28 ft) cascade return cable (Order No. AL2018001).

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Base Unit

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

The base unit is the unique stack unit that you configure with the Unit Select switch on the front panel of the 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see “

Unit Select

Switch” on page 1-29).

One unit in the stack must be configured as the base unit; all other units in the stack must have their Unit Select switch set to Off.

Normally, any single unit in a stack conf igur ation can be assigned as the bas e unit, with the fo llowing restriction: In a mixed stack configuration that contains one or more Busin ess Policy Switch units, a Business Policy Switch must be configured as the base unit.

Note:

If you do not designate a Business Policy Switch as the base unit of a

mixed stack configuration, the stack configuration will not operate.

The physical ordering of all of the other units in the stack is determined by the position of the base unit within the stack. This is important for management applications that view the physical ordering of the units within the stack.

309985-C Rev 00

Some characteristics of the base unit are:

• Initial Installation

During the initial installati on of the stac k, the software automatically determines the phys ical orde r of all uni ts in the s tack accor ding to the positi on of the base unit within the stack. Thereafter, the individual units maintain their original unit numbering, even if you change the position of one or more units in the stack.

For example, when you initially power up the stack, the base unit becomes unit 1 and the unit tha t the base un it connect s to (via the Cas cade A Out ca ble) becomes unit 2 (and the next unit is unit 3 and so on), until the maximum stack configuration (up to 8 units) is reached. If you change the base unit to another unit in the stack, the new base unit keeps its original unit number in the stack.

Note:

You can renumber the units using the Renumber Stack Units screen; see

“

Renumber Stack Units” on page 3-101.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

• Temporary Base Unit

If an assigned base unit fails, the next unit in the stack order automatically becomes the new t emporary base unit, as follows:

If the assigned base unit is a Business Policy Switch (in a mixed stack configuration), the next Business Policy Switch unit in the stack order automatically becomes the new temporary base unit.

If there is only one Business Policy Switch unit in your mixed stack configuration, and it fails, the next upstream BayStack 450 Switch unit will become the temporary base unit and will continue stack operation.

The base unit change is indicated by the Base LED on the temporary base unit’s LED display panel turning on (yellow).

• Autom atic failover

The automatic failover to a temporary base unit is a temporary safeguard only. If the stack configuration loses power, the temporary base unit will not power up as the base unit when power is restored.

For this reason, you should always assign the temporary base unit as the designated base unit (assign another Business Policy Switch, if available) until the failed unit is repaired or replaced. Set the Unit Select switch on the temporary base unit to Base (up = Base) to reassign it as the new base unit.

1-32

• Removing a unit from the stack

If a unit is removed from the stack (therefore operating in standalone mode), the following switch configuration settings revert back to the settings configured before the unit became a member of the stack:

- IP address

- Console password

- TELNET password

- SNMP community strings

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• Stack MAC Address

The Stack MAC address is assigned automatically during the stack initialization. The base u nit’s MAC address, with an offset, is used for th e Stack MAC address.

For example, if the base unit’s MAC address is: 00-00-82-99-44-00 and the offset is: 1F then the Stack MAC address becomes: 00-00-82-99-44-1F If you designate anot her uni t in t he st ack as t he bas e unit , th e MAC address of

the new base unit (with offset) now applies to the stack configuration. The original stack IP ad dress still applies to the new base unit.

Stack Configurations

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

309985-C Rev 00

As shown in Figure 1-13, the cascade connectors and cabl es on the 400-ST1 front panel provide the ability to stack up to eight supported switches.

With BayStack 400-4TX MDAs installed in each switch, the stack can accommodate a maximum of 224 switch ports.

Because stack paramet ers are associated with the base unit (see “

page 1-31

), the physical stack order depends on the base unit’s position and

Base Unit” on

whether the stack is configured as a stack up or a stack down configuration. The following two sections explain the differences between stack up and stack

down configurations.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Stack Up Configurations

In Figure 1-13

, data flows from the base unit (unit 1) to the n ext switch, which is assigned as unit 2, and continues until the last switch in the stack is assigned as unit 8. The physical order of the switches is from bottom to top (unit 1 to unit 8).

Unit 8

Unit 7

Unit 6

Unit 5

Unit 4

Unit 3

Unit 2

Unit 1

1-34

1 = Last unit 2 = Base unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

BS0033B

Figure 1-13. Stack Up Configuration Example

Stack Down Configurations

In Figure 1-14

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

1 = Base unit 2 = Last unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

BS0034B

309985-C Rev 00

Figure 1-14. Stack Down Configuration Example

Certain network management station (NMS) applications assume a stack down configuration for the graphical user interface (GUI) that represents the stack (see

Figure 1-14

). For this reason, Nortel Ne tworks recom mends that you always

configure the top unit in the stack as the base unit. In any stack configuration, the following applies:

• When you apply power to the stack, the base unit initializes and the entire

stack powers up as a single logical unit within 30 seconds.

• You can attach an RS-232 communications cable to the Console/Comm port

of any switch in the stack.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

• You can downline upgrade the entire stack from any switch in the stack.

• You can access and manage the stack using a TELNET connection or any

generic SNMP management tool through any switch port that is part of the stack configuration.

• When stacking three or more switches, use the longer (1-meter) cascade

max-return cable (PN 30 3979-A) t o complet e the li nk from th e last unit in t he stack to the base unit.

Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature

BayStack 410-24T switches allow you to connect up to eight units into a redundant cascade stack. If any single unit fails or if a cable is accidently disconnected, other units in the stack remain operational, without interruption.

Figure 1-15

shows an example of how a stack configuration reacts to a failed or

powered-down unit in the stack configuration:

As shown in Figure 1-15, unit 3 becomes nonoperational. This can be the result of a fail ed unit, or simply becau se the unit wa s po wered

down.

Unit 2 and unit 4, directly upstream and downstream from unit 3, sense the loss of link signals from unit 3.

Units 2 and 4 automatically loop their internal stack signals (A and B).

The Cas Up LED for unit 2 and the Cas Dwn LED for unit 4 turn on (yellow) to indicate that the stack signals are looped.

The remaining stack units remain connected.

Although the example shown in Figure 1-15

shows a failed unit causing the stack to loop signals at the points of f ailure (A and B), the syst em reacts th e same way if a cable is removed.

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Cascade A Out

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

1 = Base unit 2 = Last unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

Cascade A In

BS0035B

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Figure 1-15. Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups

BayStack 410-24T switches support up to 64 VLANs with 802.1Q tagging ava il abl e per port . Por ts ar e gr oupe d int o broa dcast domains by assigning them to the same VLAN. Frames received in one VLAN can only be forwarded within that VLAN, and IP multicast frames and unkno wn unicas t frames are floode d only to ports in the same VLAN.

Setting up virtual LANs (VLANs) is a way to segment networks to increase network capacity and performance without changing the physical network topology (Figure 1-16 a segment that is a single broadcast domain. When a switch port is configured to be a member of a VLAN, it is added to a group of ports (workgroup) that belong to one broadcast domain.

The BayStack 410-24T switch allows you to assign ports to VLANs using the console, TELNET, or any generic SNMP-based network management software. You can assign differ ent port s (an d theref ore the de vices attache d to thes e ports) to different broadcast domains. This feature allows network flexibility because you can reassign VLANs to accommodate network moves, additions, and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling.

). With network segmentation, each switch port connects to

1-38

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

BayStack 410-24T

switch

BS41014A

Figure 1-16. Port-Based VLAN Example

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IEEE 802.1Q Tagging

BayStack 410-24T switches oper at e in accordance with the IEEE 802.1Q tagging rules. Important terms used with the 802.1Q tagging feature are:

• VLAN identifier (VID) -- the 12-bit portion of the VLAN tag in the frame

header that identifies an explici t VLAN.

• Port VLAN identifie r (PVID) -- a classification m echanism th at associates a

port with a specific VLAN (see Figures 1-18

• Tagged frame -- the 32-bit field (VLAN tag) in the frame header that

identifies the frame as belonging to a specific VLAN. Untagged frames are marked (tagged) with this classification as they leave the switch through a port that is configured as a tagged port.

• Untagged frame -- a frame that does not carry any VLAN tagging

information in the frame header.

• VLAN port members -- a set of ports that form a broadcast domain for a

specific VLAN. A port can be a member of one or more VLANs.

• Untagged member -- a port that has been configured as an untagged member

of a specific VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through an untagged member port, the frame header remains unchanged. When a tagged frame exits the switch through an untagged member port, the tag is stripped and the tagged frame is changed to an untagged frame.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

to 1-21).

309985-C Rev 00

• Tagged member -- a port that has been configured as a member of a specific

VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through a tagged member port, the frame he ader is modi f ied t o incl ude t he 32- bit tag a ssoci ated with t he VLAN assigned to that frame. When a ta gged frame e xits the switch through a tagged member port, the frame header remains unchanged (original VID remains).

• User_priority -- a three-bit field in the header of a tagged frame. The field is

interpreted as a binary number, therefore has a value of 0 - 7. This field allows the tagged frame to carry the user_prio rity value across bridged LANs where the individual LAN segments may be unable to signal priority information.

• Port priority -- the priority level assigned to untagged frames received on a

port. This value becomes the frame’s user_priority value. T agged packets get their user_priority value from the 802.1Q frame header.

• Unregistered packet -- a tagged frame which contains a VID where the

receiving port is not a member of that VLAN.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

• Filtering database identifier (FID) -- the specific filtering/forwarding database

within the BayStack 410-24T switch that is assigned to each VLAN. The current version of software assigns all VLANs to the same FID. This is referred to as Shared VLAN Learning in the IEEE 802.1Q specification.

The default configuration settings for BayStack 410-24T switches have all ports set as untagged memb ers of VLAN 1 with all por ts conf igur ed as PVID = 1. Ev ery VLAN is assigned a unique VLAN identifier (VID) which distinguishes it from all other VLANs. In the default configuration example shown in Figure 1-17 incoming packets are assigned to VLAN 1 by the default port VLAN identifier (PVID = 1). Untagged packets enter and leave the switch unchanged.

802.1Q Switch

, all

VLAN 1

Port 1

PVID = 1

DA SA

Incoming

untagged

packet

Key

By default:

Data

CRC

All ports are assigned PVID = 1 All ports are untagged members of VLAN 1

Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 5

Figure 1-17. Default VLAN Settings

When configuring VLANs, you configure the switch ports as tagged or untagged members of specific VLANs (see Figures 1-18

Outgoing

untagged packet

(unchanged)

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

CRC

Data

SA DA

BS41015A

to 1-21).

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

In Figure 1-18, untagged incoming packets are assigned directly to VLAN 2 (PVID = 2). Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2, and port 7 is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Untagged packet

Before

Port 1

DASADataCRC

Port 4

Port 6

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 7 Port 8

Figure 1-18. Port-Based VLAN Assignment

As shown in Figure 1-19, the untagged packet is marked (tagged) as it leaves the switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2. The untagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the switch through port 7, which is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Port 1

Port 4

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Untagged member of VLAN 2

Tagged member of VLAN 2

Port 5

(*Recalculated)

Tagged member of VLAN 2

Port 5

BS41016A

DASADataCRC* Tag

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

Outgoing

untagged packet

(unchanged)

CRC

Data

SA DA

Key

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

Priority CFI VID

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

After

Figure 1-19. 802.1Q Tagging (After Port-Based VLAN Assignment)

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VID = 2Priority

BS41066A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

In Figure 1-20, tagged incoming packets are assi gned direc tly to VLAN 2 bec ause of the tag assignment in the packet. Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2, and port 7 is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Tagged packet

DASATagDataCRC

Before

Port 4

Figure 1-20. 802.1Q Tag Assignment

As shown in Figure 1-21, the tagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2. However, the tagged packet is stripped (untagged) as it leaves the switch through port 7, which is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Port 1

Port 4

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 1

Port 6

Port 5

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 7 Port 8

Tagged member of VLAN 2

Port 5

Untagged member of VLAN 2

DASADataCRC Tag

Tagged member of VLAN 2

BS41018A

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

CRC*

Data

SA DA

(*Recalculated)

Outgoing untagged packet changed (tag removed)

Key

Priority CFI VID

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

Figure 1-21. 802.1Q Tagging (After 802.1Q Tag Assignment)

1-42

VID = 2Priority

After

BS41019A

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VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches

You can use VLANs to segment a network within a switch. When connecting multiple switches, it is possible to con nect users of one VLAN wi th users of that same VLAN in another switch. However, the configuration guidelines depend on whether both switches support 802.1Q tagging.

With 802. 1Q tagging enabled on a por t for a VLAN, all frame s leavi ng the port for that VLAN are marked as belonging to that specific VLAN. Users can assign specific switch ports as members of one or more VLANs that span multiple switches, without interfering with the spanning tree protocol.

VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Figure 1-22

shows VLANs spanning two BayStack 410-24T switches. 802.1Q tagging is enable d on S1, por t 2 and on S2, port 1 for VLAN 1 a nd VLAN 2. Both ports are tagged members of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2.

VLAN 1

Both ports are tagged members of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2

Figure 1-22. VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches

VLAN 2

BayStack 410-24T

B41020A

309985-C Rev 00

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Because there is only one link between the two switches, the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) treat s t his configuration as an y ot her switch-to-switch connection. For this configuration to work properly, both switches must support the 802.1Q tagging protocol.

VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches

Figure 1-23

shows VLANs spanning multiple untagged switches. In this configuration switch S2 does not support 802.1Q tagging and a si ngle switch port on each switch must be used for each VLAN.

For this configuration to work properly, spanning tree participation must be set to Disabled because the STP is not supported across multiple LANs.

VLAN 1

VLAN 2

BayStack 410-24T

Untagged portsUntagged ports

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

1-44

BS41021A

Figure 1-23. VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches

When the STP is enabled on these switches, only one link between each pair of switches will be forwarding traffic. Because each port be lon gs to only one VLAN at a time, connectivity on the other VLAN will be lost. Exercise care when configuring the switches to ensure that the VLAN configuration does not conflict with spanning tree configuration.

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

To connect multiple VLANs across switches with redundant links, the STP must be disabled on all participating switch ports. Figure 1-24

shows possible consequences of enabling the STP when using VLANs between untagged (non-802.1Q tagged) switches.

Station A

Non-802.1Q tagged switch

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

Communications

Station B

Forwarding

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

Blocking

Non-802.1Q tagged switch

BS41022A

Figure 1-24. Possible Problems with VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol

As shown in Figure 1-24, with STP enabled, only one connectio n between S1 and S2 is forwardi ng at a n y time. Communic ations f ailur e occur s bet ween VLAN 2 of S1 and VLAN 2 of S2, blocking communications between Stations A and B.

The link connecting VLAN 1 o n Switche s S1 and S2 i s sele cted a s the fo rwar ding link based on port speed, duplex mode, and port priority. Because the other link connecting VLAN 2 is placed into Bl ocki ng mode, stations on VLAN 2 in switch S1 cannot communicate with stations in VLAN 2 on switch S2. With multiple links only one link will be forwarding.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Shared Servers

BayStack 410-24T switches allow ports to exist in multiple VLANs for shared resources, such as servers, printers, and switch-to-switch connections. It is also possible to have resources exist in multiple VLANs on one switch as shown in

Figure 1-25

In this example, clients on different broadcast domains share resources. The broadcasts from ports configured in VLAN 3 can be seen by all VLAN port members of VLAN 3.

BayStack 410-24T switch

1-46

V2 V2 V1

Key

VLAN 1 (PVID=1) VLAN 2 (PVID=2) VLAN 3 (PVID=3)

V1V2

BS41023A

Figure 1-25. Multiple VLANs Sharing Resources

In order for the above configuration to operate as described, the ports have to be set to partic ipate as VLAN port members. When this is don e, the switch establishes the appr opr ia te broadcast domains within the swi tch (s ee Figure 1-26

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

VLAN 3

VLAN 2 VLAN 1

Port 2

PVID = 2 PVID = 3

V2 V2 V2 V1 V2

Key

Port 4 Port 10 Port 8

VLAN 1 (PVID = 1) VLAN 2 (PVID = 2) VLAN 3 (PVID = 3)

Port 11Port 6

PVID = 1

BS41024A

Figure 1-26. VLAN Broadcast Domains Within the Switch

The broadcast domain for each of the VLANs shown in Figure 1-26 is created by configuring VLAN port memberships for each VLAN and then configuring each of the ports with the appropriate PVID/VLAN association:

• Ports 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of VLAN 1.

The PVID/VLAN association for ports 6 and 11 is: PVID = 1.

309985-C Rev 00

• Ports 2, 4, 10, and 8 are untagged members of VLAN 2.

The PVID/VLAN association for ports 2, 4, and 10 is: PVID = 2.

• Ports 2, 4, 10, 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of VLAN 3.

The PVID/VLAN association for port 8 is: PVID = 3.

The following steps show how to use the VLAN configuration screens to configure the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 1-26

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

To configure the VLAN port membership for VLAN 1:

Select Switch Configuration from the BayStac k 410-24T switch Main Menu (or press w).

From the Switch Configuration Menu, select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

From the VLAN Configuration Menu select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

The default VLAN Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-27

VLAN Configuration

Create VLAN: [ 1 ] VLAN Type: [ Port-Based ] Delete VLAN: [ ] Protocol Id (PID): [ None ] VLAN Name: [ VLAN #1 ] User-Defined PID: [ 0x0000 ] Management VLAN: [ Yes ] VLAN State: [ Active ]

Port Membership 1-6 7-12

------ ------

Unit #1 UUUUUU UUUUUU

KEY: T = Tagged Port Member, U = Untagged Port Member, - = Not a Member of VLAN Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-27. Default VLAN Configuration Screen Example

The VLAN Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 1-27 are default settings with all switch ports classified as untagged members of VLAN 1.

Figure 1-28

shows the VLAN C onfiguration scr een after it is configured to support the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 1-26 optional).

1-48

(VLAN Name is

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Ports 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 11 are now untagged members of VLAN 3 as shown in

Figure 1-26

VLAN Configuration

Create VLAN: [ 3 ] VLAN Type: [ Port-Based ] Delete VLAN: [ ] Protocol Id (PID): [ None ] VLAN Name: [ Mary's VLAN ] User-Defined PID: [ 0x0000 ] Management VLAN: [ Yes ] VLAN State: [ Active ]

Port Membership 1-6 7-12

------ ------

Unit #1 -U-U-U -U-UU-

on page 1-47.

Figure 1-28. VLAN Configuration Screen Example

To configure the PVID (port VLAN identifier) for Port 8:

From the VLAN Configuration screen, press [Ctrl]-R to return to the VLAN Configuration Menu.

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Configuration (or press c).

The default VLAN Port Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-29

The VLAN Port Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 1-29

are default

settings.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

VLAN Port Configuration

Unit: [ 1 ] Port: [ 1 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ ] PVID: [ 1 ] Port Priority: [ 0 ] Tagging: [ Untagged Access ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-29. Default VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example

Figure 1-30 shows the VLAN Port Co nfiguration screen after it is configured to

support the PVID assignment for port 8, as shown in Figure 1-26 optional).

The PVID/VLAN association for VLAN 3 is now PVID = 3.

1-50

(Port Name is

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

VLAN Port Configuration

Unit: [ 1 ] Port: [ 8 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ Molly's port ] PVID: [ 3 ] Port Priority: [ 0 ] Tagging: [ Untagged Access ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-30. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example

VLAN Workgroup Summary

This section summarizes the VLAN workgroup examples discussed in the previous secti ons of this chapter.

As shown in Figure 1-31 with multiple VLANs:

• Ports 1, 6, 11, and 12 are in VLAN 1.

• Ports 2, 3, 4, 7, and 10 are in VLAN 2.

• Port 8 is in VLAN 3.

Because switch S4 does not support 802.1Q tagging, a single switch port on each switch must be used for each VLAN (see “VLANs Spanning Multiple Unta gged

Switches” on page 1-44).

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, switch S1 (a BayStack 410-24T switch) is configured

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

The connection to switch S2 requires only one link because both switch S1 and switch S2 (BayStack 410-24T switches) support 802.1Q tagging (see “VLANs

Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches” on page 1-43).

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

Untagged ports

(STP disabled)

BayStack 410-24T

V2 V2 V1

Key

VLAN 1 (PVID=1) VLAN 2 (PVID=2) VLAN 3 (PVID=3)

BayStack 410-24T

Both ports are tagged

members of VLAN 1

and VLAN 2

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

BS41025A

Figure 1-31. VLAN Configuration Spanning Multiple Switches

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VLAN Configuration Rules

VLANs operate according to specif ic conf igu ration rule s. When creating VLANs , consider the following rules that determine how the configured VLAN reacts in any network topology:

• All ports that are involved in port mirroring must have memberships in the

same VLANs. If a port is configured for port mirroring, the port’s VLAN membership cannot be changed.

• If a port is a trunk group member, all trunk members are added or deleted

from the VLAN.

• All ports involved in trunking and port mirroring must have the same VLAN

configuration. If a port is on a trunk with a mirroring port, the VLAN configuration cannot be changed.

• VLANs are not dependent on rate limiting settings.

• If a port is an IGMP member on any VLAN, and is removed from a VLAN,

the port’s IGMP membership is also removed.

• When you add a port to a different VLAN, and it is already configured as a

static route r port, the port is configured as an IGMP mem ber on that specific VLAN.

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

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For more information about configuring VLANs, see “

Menu” on page 3-39.

IGMP Snooping

BayStack 410-24T switches can sense IGMP host membership reports from attached stations and use this information to set up a dedicated path between the requesting station and a local IP multic ast rou ter. After the pathway is established, the BayStack 410-24T switch blocks the IP multicast stream from exiting any other port that does not connect to another host member, thus conserving bandwidth. The following discussion describes how BayStack 410-24T switches provide the same benefit as IP multicast routers, but in the local area.

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), is used by IP multicast routers to learn about the ex istence of host group members on their direc tly attac hed subnets (see RFC 22 36). The IP multicast routers get this information by broadcasting IGMP queries and listening for IP hosts reporting their host group memberships. This process is used to se t up a client/server relationship betwee n an IP multicast source that provides the data streams and the clients that want to receive the data.

Figure 1-32

shows how IGMP is used to set up the path between the client and server. As shown in this example, the IGMP host provides an IP multicast stream to designated rout ers which forw ard the IP multic ast stre am on their l ocal netw ork only if there is a recipient.

The client/server path is set up as follows:

The designated router sends out a host membership query to the subnet and receives host membership reports from end stations on the subnet.

The designated routers then set up a path between the IP multicast stream source and the end stations.

Periodically, the router continues to query end stations on whet her to conti nue participation.

As long as any client continues to participate, all clients, including nonparticipating end stations on that subnet, receive the IP multicast stream.

Note:

Although the nonparticipating end stations can filter the IP multicast

traffic, the IP multicast still exists on the subnet and consumes bandwidth.

IP multicast can be optimized in a LAN by using IP multicast filtering switches, such as the BayStack 410-24T switch.

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As shown in Figure 1-32, a non-IP multicast filtering switch cau ses IP multicast traffic to be sent to all segments on the local subnet.

Host

Membership

IGMP

Host

Query

Designated

router #1

Multicast stream

Internet

Non-multicast

filtering switch

Host

Membership

Query

Designated router #2

Host

Membership

Report

Non-multicast

filtering switch

Figure 1-32. IP Multicast Propagation With IGMP Routing

The BayStack 410-24T switch can automatically set up IP multicast filters so the IP multicast traffic is directed only to the participating end nodes (see

Figure 1-33

In Figure 1-33

, switches S1 to S4 represent a LAN connected to an IP multicast router. The router periodically sends Host Membership Queries to the LAN and listens for a response from end stations. All of the clients conne cted to switc hes S1 to S4 are aware of the queries from the router.

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Host

Membership

Report

BS41026A

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

One client, connected to S2, responds with a host membership report. Switch S2 intercepts the report from that port, an d generates a proxy report to its upstream neighbor, S1. Also, two clients connected to S4 respond with host membership reports, causing S4 to intercept the reports and to generate a consolidated proxy report to its upstream neighbor, S1.

Internet

Designated router

Host

Membership

Report

Proxy

Consolidated

report

Proxy

BayStack 410-24T

Switch

BayStack 410-24T Switch

BayStack 410-24T

Switches

Host

Membership

Report

Host

Membership

Query

Figure 1-33. BayStack 410-24T Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (1 of 2)

BS41027A

1-56

Switch S1 tr eats the consolidated proxy reports from S2 and S4 as if they were reports from any client connected to its ports, and generates a consolidated proxy report to the designated router. In this way, the router receives a single consolidated report from that entire subnet.

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After the switches learn which ports are requesting access to the IP multicast stream, all other ports not re sponding to the que ries are block ed from recei ving the IP multicast (see Figure 1-34

Internet

BayStack 410-24T Switch

Designated router

Host

Membership

Query

BayStack 410-24T

Switches

BayStack 410-24T

Switch

Key

Multicast stream

BS41028A

Figure 1-34. BayStack 410-24T Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (2 of 2)

The consolidated proxy report generated by the switch remains transparent to layer 3 of th e International Organization for Standardization, Open Systems Interconnection (ISO/OSI) model. (The switch IP address and MAC address are not part of proxy report generation.) The last reporting IGMP group member in each VLAN represents all of the hosts in that VLAN and IGMP group.

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IGMP Snooping Configuration Rules

The IGMP snooping feature operates according to specific configuration rules. When configuring your switch for IGMP snooping, consider the following rules that determine how the configuration reacts in any network topology:

• A port that is configured for port mirroring cannot be configured as a static

router port.

• If a MultiLink Trunk member is configured as a static router port, all of the

MultiLink Trunk members are configured as static router ports. Also, if a static router port is removed, and it is a MultiLink Trunk member, all MultiLink Trunk members are removed as static router port members, automatically.

• Static router ports must be port members of at least one VLAN.

• If a port is configured as a static router port, it is configured as a static router

port for all VLANs on that port. The IGMP configuration is propagated through all VLANs of that port.

• If a static router port is removed, the membership for that port is removed

from all VLANs of that port.

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• The IGMP snooping feature is not STP dependent.

• The IGMP snooping feature is not rate-limiting dependent.

• The snooping field must be enabled for the proxy field to have any valid

meaning.

• Static router ports are configured per VLAN and per IGMP Version.

Note:

Because IGMP snooping is set up per VLAN, all IGMP changes are

implemented according to the VLAN configuration for the specified ports.

For more information about using the IGMP snooping feature, see “

IGMP

Configuration Me nu” on page 3-72.

IEEE 802.1p Priorit izing

You can use the VLAN Configuration screens to prioritize the order in which the switch forwards packets, on a per-port basis. For example, if messages from a specific segment are crucial to your operation, you can set the switch port connected to that segmen t to a high er prior ity le v el (by d efaul t, all swi tch ports are set to Low priority). Untagged packets received by the switch on that port are tagged according to the priority level you assign to the port (see Figure 1-35

Before

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

CRC

Data

SA DA

PVID = 2

Priority = 6

Port 1

802.1Q Switch

Port 4

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

Outgoing

untagged packet

(unchanged)

Port configuration parameters

Port 2 Port 3

transmit

CRC

Data

SA DA

Figure 1-35. Prioritizing Packets

Port 5

queue

High

Low

Tagged member of VLAN 2 (Port 5)

Port 5

(*Recalculated)

Key

Priority CFI VID

DASADataCRC* Tag

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

After

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

VID = 2Priority = 6

BS41029A

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The newly tagged frame is read within the switch and sent to the port’s high or lo w transmit queue for disposition (see Figure 1-36 shown in Figure 1-36

applies to all ports on the BayStack 410-24T switch.

). The port transmit queue example

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Port 5

User priority

(6)

Port

transmit

queue

Traffic

class 7 6

High

5 4

3 2

Low

1 0

High priority

packet

BS41030A

Figure 1-36. Port Transmit Queue

As shown in Figure 1-36, the switch provides two transmission queues, High and Low, for any gi ven po rt. Frames a re assi gned to one of the se queues o n the basi s of

the user_priority value, using a traffic class table. This table is managed by using the Traffic Class Configuration screen (Figure 1-37

). The table indicates the corresponding traffic class that is assigned to the frame, for each possible user_priority value. If the frame leaves the switch formatted as a tagged packet, the traff ic clas s assigned to the fra me is carried forw ard to the nex t 802.1p-capa ble switch. This allows the packet to carry the assigned traffic class priority through the network until it reaches its destination.

1-60

The following steps show how to use the Traffic Class Configuration screen to configure the port priority level shown in the example Figure 1-35

For more information about using the Traffic Class Configuration screen, see

“

VLAN Configuration” on page 3-41.

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To configure th e port priori ty level, follow these steps:

Determine the priority level you want to assign to the switch port.

User priority levels are assigned default settings in all BayStack 410-24T switches. The range is from 0 to 7. The traffic class table can be modified, therefore, view the settings shown in the Traffic Class Configuration screen before setting the port priority in the VLAN Port Configuration screen.

Select Switch Configuration from the BayStac k 410-24T switch Main Menu (or press w).

From the Switch Configuration Menu, select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select Traffic Class Configuration (or press t).

The Traffic Class Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-37

Traffic Class Configuration

User Priority Traffic Class

------------- ------------ Priority 0: [ Low ] Priority 1: [ Low ] Priority 2: [ Low ] Priority 3: [ Low ] Priority 4: [ Low ] Priority 5: [ Low ] Priority 6: [ Low ] Priority 7: [ Low ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-37. Default Traffic Class Configuration Screen Example

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

Select a priority level from the range shown in the Traffic Class Configuration scr een (or modify the Traffic Class paramet ers to sui t y our needs).

Assign the priority level to ports using the VLAN Port Configuration screen:

Press [Ctrl]-R to return to the VLAN Configuration Menu.

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Configuration (or press c).

The VLAN Port Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-38

Figure 1-38 Figure 1-35

VLAN Port Configuration

Port: [ 4 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ Luke’s port ] PVID: [ 2 ] Port Priority: [ 6 ] Tagging: [ Untagged Access ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

shows the VLAN Port Configuration screen setup for port 4 in on page 1-59.

Figure 1-38. Setting Port Priority Example

For more information about using this feature, see “VLAN Configuration Menu” on page 3-39

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MultiLink Trunks

A MultiLink Trunk (MLT)1 allows you to group up to four switch ports to form a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate throughput of the interconnection between the devices as much as 80 Mb/s in full-duplex mode (up to 800 Mb/s with optional 100BASE-T/F MDAs installed). You can configure up to six MultiLink Trunks. The MLT members can reside on a single unit or on multiple units within the same stack co nfiguration as a distributed trunk. MLT software detects misconfigured (or broken) trunk links and redirects traffic on the misconfigured or broken trunk link to other trunk members within that MLT.

You can use the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen to create switch-to-switch and switch-to-server MLT links (see Figure 1-39

Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

and Figure 1-40).

Figure 1-39

and S3.

shows two trunks (T1 and T2) connecting switch S1 to switches S2

BS41031A

Figure 1-39. Switch-to-Switch Trunk Configuration Example

In this guide, the terms “trunk” and “MLT” are used interchangeably to indicate a MultiLink Trunk.

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Each of the trunks shown in Figure 1-39 can be configur ed wit h u p to fou r switch ports to provi de maximum aggre gate bandwid th through each t runk, in full- duplex mode. As shown in this example, when traffic between switch-to-switch connections approaches single port bandwidth limitations, creating a MultiLink Trunk can supply the additional bandwidth required to improve the performance.

Figure 1-40

shows a typica l switch-t o-ser v er tru nk configuration. In this example, file server FS1 uses dual MAC addresses, using one MAC address for each network interface controller (NIC). For this reason, FS1 does not require a trunk assignment. FS2 is a single MAC server (with a four-port NIC) and is set up as trunk configuration T1.

FS1

FS2

BS41032A

Figure 1-40. Switch-to-Server Trunk Configurat ion Example

Client/Server Configuration Using MultiLink Trunks

Figure 1-41 shows an example of how MultiLink Trunking can be used in a

client/server configuration. In t his example, both server s are connected directly to switch S1. FS2 is connected through a trunk configuration (T1). The switch-to-switch connections are through trunks (T2, T3, T4, and T5).

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Clients accessing data from the servers (FS1 and FS2) are provided with maximized bandwidth through trunks T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. Trunk members (the ports making up each trunk) do not have to be consecutive switch ports; they can be selected randomly, as shown by T5.

With spanning tree enabled, one of the trunks (T2 or T3) acts as a redundant (backup) trunk to switch S2. With spanning tree disabled, trunks T2 and T3 must be configured into separate VLANs for this configuration to function properly (see “I

EEE 802.1Q VLAN Wo rkgroups” on page 1-38).

FS1

T3 T4

Figure 1-41. Client/Server Configuration Example

FS2

BS41033A

309985-C Rev 00

The trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4 are shown in “Trunk

Configuration Scr een Exampl es” followin g this section. For detailed information

about configuring trunks, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration

” on page 3-58.

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Trunk Configuration Screen Examples

This section sho ws e xamples o f the MultiLi nk T run k conf igurati on screens for the client/server configuration example shown in Figure 1-41 screens show how you could set up the trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4. See “Spanning Tree Considerations for MultiLink Trunks

page 1-78

information.

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1

Switch S1 is set up with five trunk configurations: T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5.

Setting Up the Trunk Configuration for S1:

To set up the trunk configuration, choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen (Figure 1-42

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu

, and “MultiLink Trunk Configuration” on page 3-58 for more

on page 1-65. T he

” on

MultiLink Trunk Configuration... MultiLink Trunk Utilization... Return to Switch Configuration Menu

Use arrow keys to highlight option, press <Return> or <Enter> to select option. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-42. Choosing the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen

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The MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-43).

MultiLink Trunk Configuration

Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /15 ][ /17 ][ /19 ][ /21 ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ /25 ][ /26 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 3 [ /2 ][ /4 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 4 [ /14 ][ /16 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 5 [ /22 ][ /24 ][ / ][ / ] [ Fast ] Basic [ Enabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S1:T1 to FS2 ] 2 [ S1:T2 to S2 ] 3 [ S1:T3 to S2 ] 4 [ S1:T4 to S3 ] 5 [ S1:T5 to S4 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-43. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1

Switch S1 is configured as follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that correspond to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk:

Note:

The Unit value (in the Unit/Port field) cannot be configured when the switch is operating in standalone mode. For detailed information about the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields, see “

MultiLink Trunk

Configuration” on page 3-58.

-- Ports 15, 17, 19, and 21 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.

-- Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.

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Using the BayStack 410-24T 10BASE-T Switch

-- Ports 2 and 4 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 3.

-- Ports 14 and 16 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 4.

-- Ports 22 and 24 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 5.

• STP Learning indicates the spa nni ng tr ee par ticip atio n sett ing f or ea ch of the

trunks:

-- Trunks 1 through 4 are enabled for Normal STP Learning.

-- Trunk 5 is enabled for Fast STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

The Trunk Mode field values for trunks 1 to 5 are set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are assigned statically to specific trun k members for flooding and forwarding. This allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source addresses across the trunk members.

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to

Enabled, th e configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks.

1-68

The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the user of this switch ( for e xample, S1:T1 to FS2 indica tes that t runk 1, in swit ch S1, connects to file server 2).

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Introduction to the BayStack 410-24T Switch

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2

As shown in Figure 1-41

on page 1-65, switch S2 is set up with two trunk configurations (T2 and T3). Both trunks connect directly to switch S1. As in the previous scre en e xampl es, to s et up a t runk c onf igu ratio n c hoose MultiLi nk T r unk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen.

Figure 1-44

MultiLink Trunk Configuration

Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /25 ][ /26 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ /1 ][ /3 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 3 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 4 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 5 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S2:T2 to S1 ] 2 [ S2:T3 to S1 ] 3 [ Trunk #3 ] 4 [ Trunk #4 ] 5 [ Trunk #5 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for switch S2.

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-44. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2

Switch S2 is configured as follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk:

-- Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.

-- Ports 1 and 3 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.

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• STP Learning indicates the spa nni ng tr ee par ticip atio n sett ing f or ea ch of the

trunks: Trunk 1 and 2 are enabled for Normal STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

The Trun k Mode field values for tr unks 1 and 2 are set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are assigned statically to specific trun k members for flooding and forwarding. This allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source addresses across the trunk members.

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to

Enabled, th e configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the

user of this switch (for example, S2:T2 to S1 indicates that trunk 1, in switch S2, connects to switch 1).

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