Nortel Alteon OS 40M2420, Alteon OS, GbESM Command Reference Manual

TM

Alteon OS

Command Reference

Layer 2/3 GbE Switch Module for IBM BladeCenter®
Version 1.3

Part Number: 40M2420, April 2007

2350 Mission College Blvd.

Suite 600
Santa Clara, CA 95054
www.bladenetwork.net

Alteon OS Command Reference

Copyright © 2007 Blade Network T echnologies, Inc., 2350 Mission College Blvd., Suite 600, Santa Clara,
California, 95054, USA. All rights reserved. Part Number: 40M2420.

This document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying,
distribution, and decompilation. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form by any means
without prior written authorization of Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. Documentation is provided “as
is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including any kind of implied or express
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U.S. Government End Users: This document is provided with a “commercial item” as defined by F AR

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those terms are used in F AR 12.211-12.212 (Oct. 199 5). Government End Users are authorized to use this
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12.211- 12.212 (Oct. 1995), DF ARS 227 .7202 (JUN 1995) and DF ARS 252.227-7015 (Nov . 1995).
Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time,

and without notice. Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability arising from
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Originated in the USA.
Alteon OS, and Alteon are trademarks of Nortel Networks, Inc. in the United States and certain other

®

countries. Cisco

and EtherChannel® are registered trademarks of Cisc o Systems, Inc. in the United S tates
and certain other countries. Any other trademarks appearing in this manual are owned by their respective
companies.

2 40M2420, April 2007

Contents

Preface 13

Who Should Use This Book 14
How This Book Is Organized 15
Typographic Conventions 16
How to Get Help 17

The Command Line Interface 19

Connecting to the Switch 20

Management Module Setup 20
Factory-Default vs. MM assigned IP Addresses 20
Default Gateway 21
Configuring management module for switch access 21
Connecting to the Switch via Telnet 23

Running Telnet 23

Establishing an SSH Connection 24

Running SSH 25
Accessing the Switch 26
Setup Versus CLI 28
Command Line History and Editing 29
Idle Timeout 29

First-Time Configuration 31

Using the Setup Utility 32

Information Needed For Setup 32
Starting Setup When You Log In 32
Stopping and Restarting Setup Manually 34

Stopping Setup 34

Restarting Setup 34

Setup Part 1: Basic System Configuration 34
Setup Part 2: Port Configuration 36

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Setup Part 3: VLANs 38

Setup Part 4: IP Configuration 39

IP Interfaces 39
Default Gateways 40

IP Routing 41
Setup Part 5: Final Steps 41
Optional Setup for Telnet Support 42

Setting Passwords 43

Changing the Default Administrator Password 43
Changing the Default User Password 45

Menu Basics 47

The Main Menu 48
Menu Summary 49
Global Commands 50
Command Line History and Editing 53
Command Line Interface Shortcuts 54

Command Stacking 54
Command Abbreviation 54
Tab Completion 54

The Information Menu 55

Information Menu 56
System Information 58

SNMPv3 System Information Menu 59

SNMPv3 USM User Table Information 61

SNMPv3 View Table Information 62

SNMPv3 Access Table Information 63

SNMPv3 Group Table Information 64

SNMPv3 Community Table Information 64

SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information 65

SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information 66

SNMPv3 Notify Table Information 67

SNMPv3 Dump Information 68
BladeCenter Chassis Information 69
General System Information 70
Show Recent Syslog Messages 72
User Status 73

Layer 2 Information 74

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FDB Information 76

Show All FDB Information 77
Clearing Entries from the Forwarding Database 77

Link Aggregation Control Protocol Information 78

Show all LACP Information 78

802.1x Information 80
Spanning Tree Information 82
RSTP/MSTP Information 85
Common Internal Spanning Tree Information 88
Trunk Group Information 91
VLAN Information 91

Layer 3 Information 93

IP Routing Information 95

Show All IP Route Information 96

ARP Information 98

Show All ARP Entry Information 99
ARP Address List Information 99

BGP Information 100
BGP Peer information 100
BGP Summary information 101

Show all BGP Information 101

OSPF Information 102

OSPF General Information 103
OSPF Interface Information 104
OSPF Database Information 104
OSPF Information Route Codes 106

Routing Information Protocol Information 107

RIP Routes Information 107
Show RIP User Configuration 107

IP Information 108
IGMP Multicast Group Information 109
IGMP Group Information 110
IGMP Multicast Router Port Information 110
IGMP Mrouter Information 111
VRRP Information 112
Quality of Service Information 113

802.1p Information 113

Access Control List Information 115
Link Status Information 116
Port Information 117
Logical Port to GEA Port Mapping 118

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Fiber Port SFP Status 119

Information Dump 119

The Statistics Menu 121

Statistics Menu 121

Port Statistics 123

802.1x Authenticator Statistics 124

802.1x Authenticator Diagnostics 125
Bridging Statistics 127
Ethernet Statistics 129
Interface Statistics 132
Interface Protocol Statistics 134
Link Statistics 134

Layer 2 Statistics 135

FDB Statistics 135
LACP Statistics 136

Layer 3 Statistics 137

IP Statistics 139
Route Statistics 141
ARP statistics 141
DNS Statistics 142
ICMP Statistics 142
TCP Statistics 145
UDP Statistics 147
IGMP Statistics 148
OSPF Statistics 149

OSPF Global Statistics 150
VRRP Statistics 154
Routing Information Protocol Statistics 155

Management Processor Statistics 156

MP Packet Statistics 157
TCP Statistics 158
UCB Statistics 158
CPU Statistics 159

ACL Statistics 160

ACL Statistics 160
ACL Meter Statistics 161

SNMP Statistics 162
NTP Statistics 166
Statistics Dump 167

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The Configuration Menu 169

Configuration Menu 170
Viewing, Applying, and Saving Changes 172

Viewing Pending Changes 172
Applying Pending Changes 172
Saving the Configuration 173

System Configuration 174

System Host Log Configuration 177
SSH Server Configuration 178
RADIUS Server Configuration 179
TACACS+ Server Configuration 181
LDAP Server Configuration 184
NTP Server Configuration 186
System SNMP Configuration 188
SNMPv3 Configuration 190

User Security Model Configuration 192
SNMPv3 View Configuration 193
View-based Access Control Model Configuration 194
SNMPv3 Group Configuration 196
SNMPv3 Community Table Configuration 197
SNMPv3 Target Address Table Configuration 198
SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Configuration 199
SNMPv3 Notify Table Configuration 200

System Access Configuration 201

Management Networks Configuration 203
User Access Control Configuration 204
System User ID Configuration 205
Strong Password Configuration 206
HTTPS Access Configuration 207

Port Configuration 208

Port Link Configuration 210
Temporarily Disabling a Port 211

Port ACL Configuration 211
ACL Port Metering Menu 212
Re-Mark Menu 213
Re-Marking In-Profile Menu 214
Update User Priority Menu 215
Re-Marking Out-of-Profile Menu 216

Layer 2 Configuration 217

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802.1x Configuration 219

802.1x Global Configuration 220

802.1x Guest VLAN Configuration 222

802.1x Port Configuration 223
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol/
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration 225
Common Internal Spanning Tree Configuration 227

CIST Bridge Configuration 228
CIST Port Configuration 229

Spanning Tree Configuration 231

Spanning Tree Bridge Configuration 233

Spanning Tree Port Configuration 235
Forwarding Database Configuration 237
Static FDB Configuration 238
Trunk Configuration 239
IP Trunk Hash Configuration 240

IP Trunk Hash 240
LACP Configuration 242

LACP Port Configuration 243
Layer 2 Failover Configuration 244

Failover Trigger Configuration 245

Auto Monitor Configuration 246
VLAN Configuration 247
Protocol-based VLAN Configuration 249
Private VLAN Configuration 251

Layer 3 Configuration 252

IP Interface Configuration 254
Default Gateway Configuration 255
IP Static Route Configuration 256
IP Multicast Route Configuration 257
ARP Configuration 258

ARP Static Configuration 259
IP Forwarding Configuration 260
Network Filter Configuration 261
Routing Map Configuration 262

IP Access List Configuration 264

Autonomous System Filter Path 265
Routing Information Protocol Configuration 266

Routing Information Protocol Interface Configuration 267

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Open Shortest Path First Configuration 269

Area Index Configuration 271
OSPF Summary Range Configuration 272
OSPF Interface Configuration 273
OSPF Virtual Link Configuration 275
OSPF Host Entry Configuration 276
OSPF Route Redistribution Configuration 277
OSPF MD5 Key Configuration 278

Border Gateway Protocol Configuration 279

BGP Peer Configuration 281
BGP Redistribution Configuration 283
BGP Aggregation Configuration 284

IGMP Configuration 285

IGMP Snooping Configuration 286
IGMP Version 3 Configuration 287
IGMP Relay Configuration 288
IGMP Relay Multicast Router Configuration 289
IGMP Static Multicast Router Configuration 290
IGMP Filtering Configuration 291
IGMP Filter Definition 292
IGMP Filtering Port Configuration 293
IGMP Advanced Configuration 294

Domain Name System Configuration 295
Bootstrap Protocol Relay Configuration 296
VRRP Configuration 297

Virtual Router Configuration 299
Virtual Router Priority Tracking Configuration 301
Virtual Router Group Configuration 302
Virtual Router Group Priority Tracking Configuration 304
VRRP Interface Configuration 305
VRRP Tracking Configuration 306

Quality of Service Configuration 307

802.1p Configuration 308
DSCP Configuration 309

Access Control List Configuration 310

ACL Configuration 311
Ethernet Filtering Configuration 312
IP version 4 Filtering Configuration 313
TCP/UDP Filtering Configuration 314
Packet Format Filtering Configuration 315
ACL Block Menu 316

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ACL Group Configuration 317

Port Mirroring Configuration 318

Port-Mirroring Configuration 319

Setup 320
Dump 320
Saving the Active Switch Configuration 321
Restoring the Active Switch Configuration 321

The Operations Menu 323

Operations Menu 324

Operations-Level Port Options 325
Operations-Level Port 802.1x Options 326
Operations-Level VRRP Options. 327
Operations-Level IP Options 328
Operations-Level BGP Options 328

The Boot Options Menu 329

Boot Menu 330
Scheduled Reboot of the Switch 330

Scheduled Reboot Menu 330

Updating the Switch Software Image 331

Loading New Software to Your Switch 331

Using the BBI 331

Using the AOS CLI 333
Selecting a Software Image to Run 334
Uploading a Software Image from Your Switch 335

Selecting a Configuration Block 336
Resetting the Switch 337

Accessing the ISCLI 337

The Maintenance Menu 339

Maintenance Menu 340

System Maintenance 342
Forwarding Database Maintenance 343
Debugging Options 344
ARP Cache Maintenance 345
IP Route Manipulation 346
IGMP Maintenance 347

IGMP Group Maintenance 347
IGMP Multicast Routers Maintenance 348

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Uuencode Flash Dump 349
TFTP System Dump Put 350
Clearing Dump Information 350
Panic Command 351

Unscheduled System Dumps 351

Alteon OS Syslog Messages 353

Alteon OS SNMP Agent 365

Working with Switch Images and
Configuration Files 368

Loading a new switch image 369
Loading a saved switch configuration 370
Saving the switch configuration 370
Saving a switch dump 371

Glossary 373

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Index 1

Contents

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12

Preface

The Alteon OS Command Reference describes how to configure and use the Alteon OS
software with your Layer 2/3 GbE Switch Module.

For documentation on installing the switches physically, see the Installation Guide for
your GbE Switch Module. For details about configuration and operation of your GbE Sw itch
Module, see the Alteon OS Application Guide.

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Who Should Use This Book

This Command Reference is intended for network installers and system administrators engaged
in configuring and maintaining a network. The administrator should be familiar with Ethernet
concepts, IP addressing, the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol, and SNMP configuration
parameters.

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Alteon OS Command Reference

How This Book Is Organized

Chapter 1 “The Command Line Interface,” describes how to connect to the switch and access

the information and configuration menus.

Chapter 2 “First-Time Configuration

,” describes how to use the Setup utility for initial

switch configuration and how to change the system passwords.

Chapter 3 “Menu Basics

,” provides an overview of the menu system, including a menu map,

global commands, and menu shortcuts.

Chapter 4 “The Information Menu,” shows how to view switch configuration parameters.
Chapter 5 “The Statistics Menu,” shows how to view switch performance statistics.
Chapter 6 “The Configuration Menu,” shows how to configure switch system parameters,

ports, VLANs, Spanning Tree Protocol, SNMP, Port Mirroring, IP Routing, Port Trunking, and
more.

Chapter 7 “The Operations Menu,” shows how to use commands which affect switch per-

formance immediately , but do not alter permanent switch configurations (such as temporarily
disabling ports). The menu describes how to activate or deactivate optional software features.

Chapter 8 “The Boot Options Menu,” describes the use of the primary and alternate switch

images, how to load a new software image, and how to reset the software to factory defaults.

Chapter 9 “The Maintenance Menu,” shows how to generate and access a dump of critical

switch state information, how to clear it, and how to clear part or all of the forwarding database.

Appendix A, “Alteon OS Syslog Messages,” shows a listing of syslog messages.
Appendix B, “Alteon OS SNMP Agent,” lists the Management Interface Bases (MIBs ) sup-

ported in the switch software.

“Glossary” includes definitions of terminology used throughout t he book.
“Index” includes pointers to the description of the key words used throughout the book.

Preface

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Typographic Conventions

The following table describes the typographic styles used in this book.

Table 1 Typographic Conventions

Typeface or
Symbol

AaBbCc123 This type is used for names of commands,

AaBbCc123 This bold type appears in command exam-

<AaBbCc123> This italicized type appears in command

[ ] Command items shown inside brackets are

Meaning Example

files, and directories used within the text.
It also depicts on-screen computer output and

prompts.

ples. It shows text that must be typed in
exactly as shown.

examples as a parameter placeholder. Replace
the indicated text with the appropriate real
name or value when using the command. Do
not type the brackets.

This also shows book titles, special terms, or
words to be emphasized.

optional and can be used or excluded as the
situation demands. Do not type the brackets.

View the readme.txt file.

Main#

Main# sys

To establish a Telnet session, enter:

host# telnet <IP address>

Read your User’s Guide thoroughly.

host# ls [-a]

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Alteon OS Command Reference

How to Get Help

If you need help, service, or technical assistance, see the “Getting help and technical
assistance” appendix in the Layer 2/3 GbE Switch Module for IBM BladeCenter
Installation Guide.

Preface

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18

CHAPTER 1

The Command Line Interface

Your GbE Switch Module (GbESM) is ready to perform basic switching functions right out of the
box. Some of the more advanced features, however, require some administrative configuration
before they can be used effectively.

The extensive Alteon OS switching software included in your switch provides a variety of
options for accessing and configuring the switch:

 A built-in, text-based command line interface and menu system for access via a Telnet ses-

sion or serial-port connection

 SNMP support for access through network management software such as IBM Director or

HP OpenV iew

 Alteon OS Browser-Based Interface (BBI)

The command line interface is the most direct method for collecting switch information and
performing switch configuration. Using a basic terminal, you are presented with a hierarchy of
menus that enable you to view information and statistics about the switch, and to perform any
necessary configuration.

This chapter explains how to access the Command Line Interface (CLI) for the switch.

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Connecting to the Switch

You can access the command line interface in any one of the following ways:

 Using a Telnet via the management module
 Using a Telnet connection over the network
 Using a SSH connection to securely log into another computer over a network
 Using a serial connection using the serial port on the GbESM

Management Module Setup

The BladeCenter GbE Switch Module is an integral subsystem within the overall BladeCenter
system. The BladeCenter chassis includes a management module (MM) as the central element
for overall chassis management and control.

You can use the 100 Mbps Ethernet port on the management module to configure and manage
the GbE Switch Module. The GbE Switch Module communicates with the management mod­ule through its internal port 15 (MG T 1) and port 16 (MGT2), which you can access through the
Ethernet port on the management module. The factory default settings will permit only man­agement and control access to the switch module through the Ethernet port on the management
module, or the built-in serial port. You can use the six external 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet
ports on the switch module for management and control of the switch by selecting this mode as
an option through the management module configuration utility pro gram (see the appli cable
BladeCenter Installation and User’s Guide publications for more information).

Factory-Default vs. MM assigned IP Addresses

Each GbE Switch Module must be assigned its own Internet Protocol address, which is used
for communication with an SNMP network manager or other transmission control prot ocol /
Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) applications (for example, BootP or TFTP). The factory-default IP
address is 10.90.90.9x, where x corresponds to the number of the bay into which the GbE

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Switch Module is installed. For additional information, see the Installation Guide). The man­agement module assigns an IP address of 192.168.70.1xx, where xx corresponds to the number
of the bay into which each GbE Switch Module is installed, as shown in the following table:

Table 1-1 GbESM IP addresses, based on switch-module bay numbers

Bay number Factory-default IP address IP address assigned by MM

Bay 1 10.90.90.91 192.168.70.127
Bay 2 10.90.90.92 192.168.70.128
Bay 3 10.90.90.94 192.168.70.129
Bay 4 10.90.90.97 192.168.70.130

NOTE – Switch Modules installed in Bay 1 and Bay 2 connect to server NICs 1 and 2, respec­tively . However , W indows operating systems show that Switch Modules installed in Bay 3 and
Bay 4 connect to server NICs 4 and 3, respectively.

Default Gateway

The default Gateway IP address determines where packets with a destination address outside
the current subnet should be sent. Usually, the default Gateway is a router or host acting as an
IP gateway to handle connections to other subnets of other TCP/IP networks. If you want to
access the GbE Switch Module from outside your local network, use the management module
to assign a default Gateway address to the GbE Switch Module. Choose I/O Module Tasks >
Configuration from the navigation pane on the left, and enter the default Gateway IP address
(for example, 192.168.70.125). Click Save.

Configuring management module for switch access

Complete the following initial configuration steps:

1. Connect the Ethernet port of the management module to a 10/100 Mbps network (with

access to a management station) or directly to a management station.

2. Access and log on to the management module, as described in the BladeCenter Manage-

ment Module User’s Guide. The management module provides the appropriate IP
addresses for network access (see the applicable BladeCenter Installation and User’s
Guide publications for more information).

3. Select Configuration on the I/O Module Tasks menu on the left side of the BladeCenter

Management Module window. See Figure 1-1.

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Figure 1-1 Switch management on the BladeCenter management modu le

4. You can use the default IP addresses provided by the management module, or you can

assign a new IP address to the switch module through the management module. You can
assign this IP address through one of the following methods:

 Manually through the BladeCenter management module
 Automatically through the IBM Director Configuration Wizard (available in

Director release 4.21)

NOTE – If you change the IP address of the GbE Switch Module, make sure that the switch
module and the management module both reside on the same subnet.

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5. Enable the following features in the management module:

 External Ports (I/O Module Tasks > Admin/Power/Restart > Advance Setup)
 External management over all ports (Configuration > Advanced Configuration)

This setting is required if you want to access the management network through the exter­nal ports on the GbE Switch Module.

The default value is Disabled for both features. If these features are not already enabled,
change the value to Enabled, then Save.

NOTE – In Advanced Configuration > Advanced Setup, enable “Preserve new IP configura-
tion on all switch resets,” to retain the switch’s IP interface when you restore factory defaults.
This setting preserves the management port’s IP address in the management module’s memory,
so you maintain connectivity to the management module after a reset.

You can now start a Telnet session, Browser-Based Interface (Web) session, a Secure Shell ses­sion, or a secure HTTPS session to the GbE Switch Module.

Connecting to the Switch via Telnet

Use the management module to access the GbE Switch Module through Telnet. Choose
I/O Module Tasks > Configuration from the navigation pane on the left. Select a bay number
and click Advanced Configuration > Start Telnet/Web Session > Start Telnet Session. A
Telnet window opens a connection to the Switch Module (requires Java 1.4 Plug-in).

Once that you have configured the GbE Switch Module with an IP address and gateway, you
can access the switch from any workstation connected to the management network. Telnet
access provides the same options for user and administrator access as those available through
the management module, minus certain Telnet and management commands.

To establish a Telnet connection with the switch, run the Telnet program on your workstation
and issue the Telnet command, followed by the switch IP address:

telnet <switch IP address>

Running Telnet

Once the IP parameters on the GbE Switch Module are configured, you can access the CLI using
a T elnet connection. From the management module, you can establish a T elnet connection with
the switch.

You will then be prompted to enter a password as explained on page 27.

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Establishing an SSH Connection

Although a remote network administrator can manage the configuration of a GbE Switch Module
via T elnet, this method does not provide a secure connection. The SSH (Secure Shell) protocol
enables you to securely log into another computer over a network to execute commands
remotely . As a secure alternative to us ing Telnet to manage switch configuration, SSH ensures
that all data sent over the network is encrypted and secure.

The switch can do only one session of key/cipher generation at a time. Thus, a SSH/SCP client
will not be able to login if the switch is doing key generation at that time or if another client
has just logged in before this client. Similarly, the system will fail to do the key generation if a
SSH/SCP client is logging in at that time.

The supported SSH encryption and authentication methods are listed below.

 Server Host Authentication: Client RSA-authenticates the switch in the beginning of

every connection.

 Key Exchange: RSA
 Encryption: 3DES-CBC, DES

 User Authentication: Local password authentication, Radius

The following SSH clients have been tested:

 SSH 1.2.23 and SSH 1.2.27 for Linux (freeware)
 SecureCRT 3.0.2 and SecureCRT 3.0.3 (Van Dyke Technologies, Inc.)
 F-Secure SSH 1.1 for Windows (Data Fellows)

NOTE – The Alteon OS implementation of SSH is based on SSH version 1.5 and supports SSH-

1.5-1.X.XX. SSH clients of other versions (especially Version 2) are not supported.

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Running SSH

Once the IP parameters are configured and the SSH service is turned on the GbE Switch Module,
you can access the command line interface using an SSH connection. The default setting for
SSH access is disabled.

To establish an SSH connection with the switch, run the SSH program on your workstation by
issuing the SSH command, followed by the switch IP address:

>> # ssh <switch IP address>

or, if SecurID authentication is required, use the following command:

>> # ssh -1 ace <switch IP address>

You will then be prompted to enter your user name and password.

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Accessing the Switch

To enable bet ter swit ch management and user accountability, three levels or classes of user
access have been implemented on the
agement functions, and screens increase as needed to perform various switch management
tasks. Conceptually , access classes are defined as follows:

 User interaction with the switch is completely passive—nothing can be changed on the

GbE Switch Module. Users may display information that has no security or privacy implica-

tions, such as switch statistics and current operational state information.

GbE Switch Module. Levels of access to CLI, Web man-

 Operators can only effect temporary changes on the

GbE Switch Module. These changes

will be lost when the switch is rebooted/reset. Operators have access to the switch man­agement features used for daily switch operations. Because any changes an operator
makes are undone by a reset of the s wi t c h, operators cannot severely impact switch opera­tion.

 Administrators are the only ones that may make permanent changes to the switch configu-

ration—changes that are persistent across a reboot/reset of the switch. Administrators can
access switch functions to configure and troubleshoot problems on the

GbE Switch Module.

Because administrators can also make temporary (operator-level) changes as well, they
must be aware of the interactions between temporary and permanent changes.

Access to switch functions is controlled through the use of unique surnames and passwords.
Once you are connected to the switch via local Telnet, remote Telnet, or SSH, you are
prompted to enter a password. The default user names/password for each access level are listed
in the following table.

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NOTE – It is recommended that you change default switch passwords after initial configuration
and as regularly as required under your network security policies. For more information, see

“Setting Passwords” on page 43.

Table 1-2 User Access Levels

User Account Description and Tasks Performed Password

User The User has no direct responsibility for switch management.

He or she can view all switch status information and statistics,
but cannot make any configuration changes to the switch.

Operator The Operator manages all functions of the switch. The

Operator can reset ports, except the management ports.

Administrator

The superuser Administrator has complete access to al l menus,
information, and configuration commands on the GbE Switch
Module, including the ability to change both the user and
administrator passwords.

user

oper

admin

NOTE – With the exception of the “admin” user, access to each user level can be disabled by
setting the password to an empty value.

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Setup Versus CLI

Once the administrator password is verified, you are given complete access to the switch. If the
switch is still set to its factory default configuration, the system will ask whethe r you wish to
run Setup (see Chapter 2, “First-Time Configuration”), a utility designed to help you through
the first-time configuration process. If the switch has already been configured, the Main Menu
of the CLI is displayed instead.

The following table shows the Main Menu with administrator privileges.

[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]

NOTE – If you are accessing a user account, some menu options will not be available.

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Command Line History and Editing

For a description of global commands, shortcuts, and command line editing functions, see

“Menu Basics” on page 47.”

Idle Timeout

By default, the switch will disconnect your Telnet session after five minutes of inactivity. This
function is controlled by the idle timeo ut par ameter, which can be set from 1 to 60 minutes. For
information on changing this par ameter, see “System Configuration” on page 174.

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CHAPTER 2

First-Time Configuration

To help with the initial process of configuring your switch, the Alteon OS software includes a
Setup utility. The Setup utility prompts you step-by-step to enter all the necessary information
for basic configuration of the switch. This chapter describes how to use the Setup utility and
how to change system passwords. Before you run Setup, you must first connect to the switch
(see Chapter 1, “Connecting to the Switch”).

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Using the Setup Utility

Whenever you log in as the system administrator under the factory default configuration, you
are asked whether you wish to run the Setup utility. Setup can also be activated manually from
the command line interface any time after login.

Information Needed For Setup

Setup requests the following information:

 Basic system information

 Date & time
 Whether to use Spanning Tree Group or not

 Optional configuration for each port

 Speed, duplex, flow control, and negotiation mode (as appropriate)
 Whether to use VLAN tagging or not (as appropriate)

 Optional configuration for each VLAN

 Name of VLAN
 Which ports are included in the VLAN

 Optional configuration of IP parameters

 IP address, subnet mask, and VLAN for each IP interface
 IP addresses for default gateway
 Destination, subnet mask, and gateway IP address for each IP static route
 Whether IP forwarding is enabled or not
 Whether the RIP supply is enabled or not

Starting Setup When You Log In

The Setup prompt appears automatically whenever you login as the system administrator under
the factory default settings.

1. Connect to the switch.

After connecting, the login prompt will appear as shown below.

Enter Password:

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2. Enter admin as the default administrator password.

If the factory default configuration is detected, the system prompts:

Nortel Layer2-3 GbE Switch Module
18:44:05 Wed Jan 3, 2007

The switch is booted with factory default configuration.
To ease the configuration of the switch, a "Set Up" facility which
will prompt you with those configuration items that are essen tial to
the operation of the switch is provided.
Would you like to run "Set Up" to configure the switch? [y/n]:

NOTE – If the default admin login is unsuccessful, or if the administrator Main Menu appears
instead, the system configuration has probably been changed from the factory default settings.
If you are certain that you need to return the switch to its factory default settings, see “Select-

ing a Configuration Block” on page 336.

3. Enter

y to begin the initial configuration of the switch, or n to bypass the Setup facility.

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Stopping and Restarting Setup Manually

Stopping Setup

To abort the Setup utili ty, press <Ctrl-C> during any Setup question. When you abort Setup,
the system will prompt:

Would you like to run from top again? [y/n]

Enter n to abort Setup, or y to restart the Setup program at the beginning.

Restarting Setup

You can restart the Setup utility manually at any time by entering the following command at
the administrator prompt:

# /cfg/setup

Setup Part 1: Basic System Configuration

When Setup is started, the system prompts:

"Set Up" will walk you through the configuration of
System Date and Time, Spanning Tree, Port Speed/Mode,
VLANs, and IP interfaces. [type Ctrl-C to abort "Set Up"]

------------------------------------------------------------

Will you be configuring VLANs? [y/n]

1. Enter

If you decide not to configure VLANs during this session, you can configure them later using
the configuration menus, or by restarting the Setup facility. For more information on configur­ing VLANs, see the Alteon OS Application Guide.

Next, the Setup utility prompts you to input basic system information.

2. Enter the year of the current date at the prompt:

Enter the last two digits of the year as a number from 00 to 99. “00” is considered 2000. To
keep the current year, press <Enter>.

y if you will be configuring VLANs. Otherwise enter n.

Enter year [2007]:

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NOTE – When the GbE Switch Module is reset, the date and time to revert to default values.
Use /cfg/sys/date and /cfg/sys/time to re-enter the current date and time.

The system displays the date and time settings:

System clock set to 18:55:36 Wed Jan 3, 2007.

3. Enter the month of the current system date at the prompt:

System Date:
Enter month [1]:

Enter the month as a number from 1 to 12. To keep the current month, press <Enter>.

4. Enter the day of the current date at the pr ompt :

Enter day [3]:

Enter the date as a number from 1 to 31. To keep the current day, press <Enter>.

5. Enter the hour of the current system time at the prompt:

System Time:
Enter hour in 24-hour format [18]:

Enter the hour as a number from 00 to 23. To keep the current hour, press <Enter>.

6. Enter the minute of the current time at the prompt:

Enter minutes [55]:

Enter the minute as a number from 00 to 59. To keep the current minute, press <Enter>.

7. Enter the seconds of the current time at the pr ompt:

Enter seconds [37]:

Enter the seconds as a number from 00 to 59. To keep the current second, press <Enter>.
The system displays the date and time settings:

System clock set to 8:55:36 Wed Jan 3, 2007.

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8. Turn Spanning Tree Protocol on or off at the prompt:

Spanning Tree:
Current Spanning Tree Group 1 setting: ON
Turn Spanning Tree Group 1 OFF? [y/n]

Enter

y to turn off Spanning Tree, or enter n to leave Spanning Tree on.

Setup Part 2: Port Configuration

NOTE – When configuring port options for your switch, some of the prompts and options may

be different.

1. Select the port to configure, or skip port configuration at the prompt:

Port Config:
Enter port (INT1-14, MGT1-2, EXT1-6):

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

If you wish to change settings for individual ports, enter the number of the port you wish to
configure. To skip port configuration, press <Enter> without specifying any port and go to

“Setup Part 3: VLANs” on page 38.

2. Configure Gigabit Ethernet port flow parameters.

If you selected a port that has a Gigabit Ethernet connector, the system prompts:

Gig Link Configuration:
Port Flow Control:
Current Port EXT1 flow control setting: both
Enter new value ["rx"/"tx"/"both"/"none"]:

Enter

rx to enable receive flow control, tx for transmit flow control, both to enable both, or

none to turn flow control off for the port. To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.

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3. Configure Gigabit Ethernet port autonegotiation mode.

If you selected a port that has a Gigabit Ethernet connector, the system prompts:

Port Auto Negotiation:
Current Port EXT1 autonegotiation: on
Enter new value ["on"/"off"]:

Enter on to enable port autonegotiation, off to disable it, or press <Enter> to keep the current
setting.

4. If configuring VLANs, enable or disable VLAN tagging for the port.

If you have selected to configure VLANs back in Part 1, the system prompts:

Port VLAN tagging config (tagged port can be a member of multiple VLANs)
Current TAG support: disabled
Enter new TAG support [d/e]:

Enter

d to disable VLAN tagging for the port or enter e to enable VLAN tagging for the port.

To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.

5. The system prompts you to configure the next port:

Enter port (INT1-14, MGT1-2, EXT1-6):

When you are through configuring ports, press <Enter> without specifying any port. Other­wise, repeat the steps in this section.

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Setup Part 3: VLANs

If you chose to skip VLANs configuration back in Part 1, skip to “Setup Part 4: IP Configura-

tion” on page 39.

1. Select the VLAN to configure, or skip VLAN configuration at the prompt:

VLAN Config:
Enter VLAN number from 2 to 4094, NULL at end:

If you wish to change settings for individual VLANs, enter the number of the VLAN you wish
to configure. T o skip VLAN configuration, press <Enter> without typing a VLAN number and
go to “Setup Part 4: IP Configuration” on page 39.

2. Enter the new VLAN name at the prompt:

Current VLAN name: VLAN 2
Enter new VLAN name:

Entering a new VLAN name is optional. To use the pending new VLAN name, press <Enter>.

3. Enter the VLAN port numbers:

Define Ports in VLAN:
Current VLAN 2: empty
Enter ports one per line, NULL at end:

Enter each port, by port number or port alias, and confirm placement of the port into this
VLAN. When you are finished adding ports to this VLAN, press <Enter> without specifying
any port.

4. Configure Spanning Tree Group membership for the VLAN:

Spanning Tree Group membership:
Current Spanning Tree Group index: 1
Enter new Spanning Tree Group index [1-127]:

5. The system prompts you to configure the next VLAN:

VLAN Config:
Enter VLAN number from 2 to 4094, NULL at end:

Repeat the steps in this section until all VLANs have been configured. When all VLANs have
been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any VLAN.

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Setup Part 4: IP Configuration

The system prompts for IP parameters.

IP Interfaces

IP interfaces are used for defining subnets to which the switch belongs.
Up to 128 IP interfaces can be configured on the

GbE Switch Module. The IP address assigned to

each IP interface provide the switch with an IP presence on your network. No two IP interfaces
can be on the same IP subnet. The interfaces can be used for connecting to the switch for
remote configuration, and for routing between subnets and VLANs (if used).

1. Select the IP interface to configure, or skip interfac e configuration at the prompt:

IP Config:

IP interfaces:
Enter interface number: (1-128)

If you wish to configure individual IP interfaces, enter the number of the IP interface you with
to configure. To skip IP interface configuration, press <Enter> without typing an interface
number and go to “Default Gateways” on page 40.

NOTE – Interface 128 is reserved for switch management. If you change the IP address of
IF 128, you can lose the connection to the management module. Use the management module
to change the IP address of the GbE Switch Module.

2. For the specified IP interface, enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation:

Current IP address: 0.0.0.0
Enter new IP address:

To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.

3. At the prompt, enter the IP subnet mask in dotted decimal notation:

Current subnet mask: 0.0.0.0
Enter new subnet mask:

To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.

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4. If configuring VLANs, specify a VLAN for the interface.

This prompt appears if you selected to configure VLANs back in Part 1:

Current VLAN: 1
Enter new VLAN [1-4090]:

Enter the number for the VLAN to which the interface belongs, or press <Enter> without spec­ifying a VLAN number to accept the current setting.

5. At the prompt, enter y to enable the IP interface, or n to leave it disabled:

Enable IP interface? [y/n]

6. The system prompts you to configure another interface:

Enter interface number: (1-128)

Repeat the steps in this section until all IP interfaces have been configured. When all interfaces
have been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any interface number.

Default Gateways

1. At the prompt, select a default gateway for configuration, or skip default gateway config-

uration:

IP default gateways:
Enter default gateway number: (1-132)

Enter the number for the default gateway to be configured. To skip default gateway configura­tion, press <Enter> without typing a gateway number and go to “IP Routing” on page 41.

2. At the prompt, enter the IP address for the selected default gateway:

Current IP address: 0.0.0.0
Enter new IP address:

Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation, or press <Enter> without specifying an address
to accept the current setting.

3. At the prompt, enter y to enable the default gateway, or n to lea ve it disabled:

Enable default gateway? [y/n]

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4. The system prompts you to configure another default gateway:

Enter default gateway number: (1-132)

Repeat the steps in this section until all default gateways have been configured. When all
default gateways have been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any number.

IP Routing

When IP interfaces are configured for the various subnets attached to your switch, IP routing
between them can be performed entirely within the switch. This eliminates the need to send
inter-subnet communication to an external router device. Routing on more complex networks,
where subnets may not have a direct presence on the
through configuring static routes or by letting the switch learn routes dynamically.

This part of the Setup program prompts you to configure the various routing parameters.

1. At the prompt, enable or disable forwarding for IP Routing:

GbE Switch Module, can be accomplished

Enable IP forwarding? [y/n]

Enter

y to enable IP forwarding. To disable IP forwarding, enter n.To keep the current setting,

press <Enter>.

Setup Part 5: Final Steps

1. When prompted, decide whether to restart Setup or continu e :

Would you like to run from top again? [y/n]

Enter y to restart the Setup utility from the beginning, or n to continue.

2. When prompted, decide whether you wish to review the configuration changes:

Review the changes made? [y/n]

y to review the changes made during this session of the Setup utility . Enter n to continue

Enter
without reviewing the changes. We recommend that you review the changes.

3. Next, decide whether to apply the changes at the prompt:

Apply the changes? [y/n]

Enter

y to apply the changes, or n to continue without applying. Changes are normally applied.

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4. At the prompt, decide whether to make the changes permanent:

Save changes to flash? [y/n]

y to save the changes to flash. Enter n to continue without saving the changes. Changes

Enter
are normally saved at this point.

5. If you do not apply or save the changes, the system prompts whether to abort them:

Abort all changes? [y/n]

Enter

y to discard the changes. Enter n to return to the “Apply the changes?” prompt.

NOTE – After initial configuration is complete, it is recommended that you change the defaul t
passwords as shown in “Setting Passwords” on page 43.

Optional Setup for Telnet Support

NOTE – This step is optional. Perform this procedure only if you are planning on connecting to

the GbE Switch Module through a remote Telnet connection.

1. Telnet is enabled by default. To change the setting, use the following command:

>> # /cfg/sys/access/tnet

2. Apply and save SNMP and /or telnet configuration(s).

>> System# apply
>> System# save

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Setting Passwords

It is recommended that you change the user and administrator passwords after initial configu­ration and as regularly as required under your network security policies.

To chang e the admi nistrator password, you must login using the administrator password.

NOTE – If you forget your administrator password, call your technical support representative
for help using the password fix-up mode.

Changing the Default Administrator Password

The administrator has complete access to all menus, information, and configuration com­mands, including the ability to change both the user and administrator passwords.

The default password for the administrator account is admin. T o change the default password,
follow this procedure:

1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.

2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:

Main# /cfg

The Configuration Menu is displayed.

[Configuration Menu]
sys - System-wide Parameter Menu
port - Port Menu
l2 - Layer 2 Menu
l3 - Layer 3 Menu
qos - QOS Menu
acl - Access Control List Menu
pmirr - Port Mirroring Menu
setup - Step by step configuration set up
dump - Dump current configuration to script file
ptcfg - Backup current configuration to FTP/TFTP server
gtcfg - Restore current configuration from FTP/TFTP server
cur - Display current configuration

3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:

>> Configuration# sys

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The System Menu is displayed.

[System Menu]
syslog - Syslog Menu
sshd - SSH Server Menu
radius - RADIUS Authentication Menu
tacacs+ - TACACS+ Authentication Menu
ldap - LDAP Authentication Menu
ntp - NTP Server Menu
ssnmp - System SNMP Menu
access - System Access Menu
date - Set system date
time - Set system time
timezone - Set system timezone (daylight savings)
olddst - Set system DST for US
idle - Set timeout for idle CLI sessions
notice - Set login notice
bannr - Set login banner
hprompt - Enable/disable display hostname (sysName) in CLI prompt
reminders - Enable/disable Reminders
cur - Display current system-wide parameters

4. From the System Menu, use the following command to select the System Access Menu:

>> System# access

The System Access Menu is displayed.

[System Access Menu]
mgmt - Management Network Definition Menu
user - User Access Control Menu (passwords)
http - Enable/disable HTTP (Web) access
https - HTTPS Web Access Menu
wport - Set HTTP (Web) server port number
snmp - Set SNMP access control
userbbi - Enable/disable user configuration from BBI
tnport - Set Telnet server port number
tport - Set the TFTP Port for the system
cur - Display current system access configuration

5. Select the administrator password.

System Access# user/admpw

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6. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt:

Changing ADMINISTRATOR password; validation required...
Enter current administrator password:

NOTE – If you forget your administrator password, call your technical support representative
for help using the password fix-up mode.

7. Enter the new administrator password at the prompt:

Enter new administrator password:

8. Enter the new administrator password, again, at the prompt:

Re-enter new administrator password:

9. Apply and save your change by entering the following commands:

System# apply
System# save

Changing the Default User Password

The user login has limited control of the switch. Through a user account, you can view switch
information and statistics, but you can’t make configuration changes.

The default password for the user account is user. This password can be changed from the
user account. The administrator can change all passwords, as shown in the following proce­dure.

1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.

2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:

Main# cfg

3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:

>> Configuration# sys

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4. From the System Menu, use the following command to select the System Access Menu:

>> System# access

5. Select the user password.

System# user/usrpw

6. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt.

Only the administrator can change the user password. Entering the administrator password
confirms your authority.

Changing USER password; validation required...
Enter current administrator password:

7. Enter the new user password at the prompt:

Enter new user password:

8. Enter the new user password, again, at the prompt:

Re-enter new user password:

9. Apply and save your changes:

System# apply
System# save

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CHAPTER 3

Menu Basics

The GbE Switch Module’s Command Line Interface (CLI) is used for viewing switch informa­tion and statistics. In addition, the administrator can use the CLI for performing all levels of
switch configuration.

To make the CLI easy to use, the various commands have been logically grouped into a series
of menus and sub-menus. Each menu displays a list of commands and/or sub-menus that are
available, along with a summary of what each command will do. Below each menu is a prompt
where you can enter any command appropriate to the current menu.

This chapter describes the Main Menu commands, and provides a list of commands and short­cuts that are commonly available from all the menus within the CLI.

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The Main Menu

The Main Menu appears after a successful connection and login. The following table shows
the Main Menu for the administrator login. Some features are not available under the user
login.

[Main Menu]
info - Information Menu
stats - Statistics Menu
cfg - Configuration Menu
oper - Operations Command Menu
boot - Boot Options Menu
maint - Maintenance Menu
diff - Show pending config changes [global command]
apply - Apply pending config changes [global command]
save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command]
revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command]
exit - Exit [global command, always available]

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Menu Summary

 Information Menu

Provides sub-menus for displaying information about the current status of the switch:
from basic system settings to VLANs, and more.

 Statistics Menu

Provides sub-menus for displaying switch performance statistics. Included are port, IF, IP,
ICMP, TCP, UDP , SNMP, routing, ARP, DNS, and VRRP statistics.

 Configuration Menu

This menu is available only from an administrator login. It includes sub-menus for config­uring every aspect of the switch. Changes to configuration are not active until explicitly
applied. Changes can be saved to non-volatile memory.

 Operations Command Menu

Operations-level commands are used for making immediate and temporary changes to
switch configuration. This menu is used for bringing ports temporarily in and out of ser­vice, performing port mirroring, and enabling or disabling Server Load Balancing func­tions. It is also used for activating or deactivating optional software packages.

 Boot Options Menu

This menu is used for upgrading switch software, selecting configuration blocks, and for
resetting the switch when necessary.

 Maintenance Menu

This menu is used for debugging purposes, enabling you to generate a dump of the critical
state information in the switch, and to clear entries in the forwarding database and the
ARP and routing tables.

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Global Commands

Some basic commands are recognized throughout the menu hierarchy. These commands are
useful for obtaining online help, navigating through menus, and for applying and saving con­figuration changes.

For help on a specific command, type help. You will see the following screen:

Global Commands: [can be issued from any menu]
help up print pwd
lines verbose exit quit
diff apply save revert
revert apply
ping traceroute telnet history
pushd popd who chpass_p
chpass_s

The following are used to navigate the menu structure:
. Print current menu
.. Move up one menu level
/ Top menu if first, or command separator
! Execute command from history

Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands

Command Action

? command
or help

. or print Display the current menu.
.. or up Go up one level in the menu structure.
/ If placed at the beginning of a command, go to the Main Menu. Otherwise,

lines Set the number of lines (n) that display on the screen at one time. T he default

diff Show any pending configuration changes.
apply Apply pending configuration changes.
save Write configuration changes to non-volatile flash memory.

Provides more information about a specific command on the current menu.
When used without the command parameter, a summary of the global com­mands is displayed.

this is used to separate multiple commands placed on the sam e line .

is 24 lines. When used without a value, the current setting is displayed. Set
lines to a value of 0 (zero) to disable pagination.

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Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands

Command Action

revert Remove pending configuration changes between “apply” commands. Use

this command to remove any configuration changes made since last apply.

revert apply Remove pending or applied configuration changes between “save” com-

mands. Use this command to remove any configuration changes made since
last save.

exit or quit Exit from the command line interface and log out.
ping Use this command to verify station-to-station connectivity across the net-

work. The format is as follows:
ping <host name>|<IP address> [tries (1-32)> [msec delay]]

Where IP address is the hostname or IP address of the device, tries (optional)
is the number of attempts (1-32), msec delay (optional) is the number of mil­liseconds between attempts. Configure the DNS parameters if specifying
hostnames (see “Domain Name System Configuration” on page 295).

traceroute Use this command to identify the route used for station-to-station connectiv-

ity across the network. The format is as follows:

traceroute <host name>| <IP address> [<max-hops (1-32)>

[msec delay]]

Where IP address is the hostname or IP address of the target station, max­hops (optional) is the maximum distance to trace (1-16 devices), and delay

(optional) is the number of milliseconds for wait for the response. As with
ping, the DNS parameters must be configured if specifying hostnames.

pwd Display the command path used to reach the current menu.
verbose n Sets the level of information displayed on the screen:

0 =Quiet: Nothing appears except errors—not even prompts.
1 =Normal: Prompts and requested output are shown, but no menus.
2 =Verbose: Everything is shown.

When used without a value, the current setting is displayed.

telnet This command is used to telnet out of the switch. The format is as follows:

telnet

<host name>| <IP address> [port]

history This command displays the most recent commands.
pushd Save the current menu path, so you can jump back to it using popd.
popd Go to the menu path and position previously saved by using pushd.
who Displays a list of users that are logged on to the switch.
chpass_p Configures the password for the primary TACACS+ server.

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Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands

Command Action

chpass_s Configures the password for the secondary TACACS+ server.

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Command Line History and Editing

Using the command line interface, you can retrieve and modify previously entered commands
with just a few keystrokes. The following options are available globally at the command line:

Table 3-2 Command Line History and Editing Options

Option Description

history Display a numbered list of the last 64 previously entered commands.
!! Repeat the last entered command.
!n

<Ctrl-p> (Also the up arrow key.) Recall the previous command from the history list. This can

<Ctrl-n> (Also the down arrow key .) Recall the next command from the history list. This can be

<Ctrl-a> Move the cursor to the beginning of command line.
<Ctrl-e> Move cursor to the end of the command line.
<Ctrl-b> (Also the left arrow key.) Move the cursor back one position to the left.
<Ctrl-f> (Also the right arrow key.) Move the cursor forward one position to the right.
<Backspace> (Also the Delete key.) Erase one character to the left of the cursor position.
<Ctrl-d> Delete one character at the cursor position.
<Ctrl-k> Kill (erase) all characters from the cursor position to the end of the command line.
<Ctrl-l> Redraw the screen.
<Ctrl-u> Clear the entire line.

Repeat the nth command shown on the history list.

be used multiple times to work backward through the last 64 commands. The recalled
command can be entered as is, or edited using the options below.

used multiple times to work forward through the last 64 commands. The recalled com­mand can be entered as is, or edited using the options below.

Other keys Insert new characters at the cursor position.

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Command Line Interface Shortcuts

Command Stacking

As a shortcut, you can type multiple commands on a single line, separated by forward slashes
(/). You can connect as many commands as required to access the menu option that you want.
For example, the keyboard shortcut to access the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu from
the Main# prompt is as follows:

Main# cfg/l2/stg 1/port

Command Abbreviation

Most commands can be abbreviated by entering the first characters which distinguish the com­mand from the others in the same menu or sub-menu. For example, the command shown above
could also be entered as follows:

Main# c/l2/stg 1/po

Tab Completion

By entering the first letter of a command at any menu prompt and hitting <Tab>, the CLI will
display all commands or options in that menu that begin with that letter. Entering additional
letters will further refine the list of commands or options displayed. If only one command fits
the input text when <Tab> is pressed, that command will be supplied on the command line,
waiting to be entered. If the <Tab> key is pressed without any input on the command line, the
currently active menu will be displayed.

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CHAPTER 4

The Information Menu

You can view configuration information for the switch in both the user and administrator command
modes. This chapter discusses how to use the command line interface to display switch infor-

mation.

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/info

Information Menu

[Information Menu]
sys - System Information Menu
l2 - Layer 2 Information Menu
l3 - Layer 3 Information Menu
qos - QoS Menu
acl - Show ACL information
link - Show link status
port - Show port information
geaport - Show system port and gea port mapping
sfp - Show External Port SFP/XFP status
dump - Dump all information

The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-1, with pointers
to detailed information.

Table 4-1 Information Menu Options (/info)

Command Syntax and Usage

sys

Displays the System Information Menu. For details, see page 58.

l2

Displays the Layer 2 Information Menu. For details, see page 74.

l3

Displays the Layer 3 Information Menu. For details, see page 93.

qos

Displays the Quality of Service (QoS) Information Menu. For details, see page 113.

acl

Displays the current configuration profile for each Access Control List (ACL) and ACL Group.
For details, see page 115.

link

Displays configuration information about each port, including:

 Port alias
 Port speed
 Duplex mode (half, full, or auto)
 Flow control for transmit and receive (no, yes, or auto)
 Link status (up or down)

For details, see page 116.

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Table 4-1 Information Menu Options (/info)

Command Syntax and Usage

port

Displays port status information, including:

 Port alias
 Whether the port uses VLAN Tagging or not
 Port VLAN ID (PVID)
 Port name
 VLAN membership
 Port Fast Fowarding status
 FDB Learning status

For details, see page 117.

geaport

Displays the GbESM port mapping between the two Gigabit Ethernet Aggregators (GEA).
For details, see page 118.

sfp

Displays the status of the Small Form Pluggable (SFP) module on each Fiber External Port.
For details, see page 119.

dump

Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more, depending on
your configuration).

If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to
capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.

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/info/sys

System Information

[System Menu]
snmpv3 - SNMPv3 Information Menu
chassis - Show BladeCenter Chassis related information
general - Show general system information
log - Show last 100 syslog messages
user - Show current user status
e2eshow - Show E2E status
dump - Dump all system information

The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-2, with pointers
to where detailed information can be found.

Table 4-2 System Menu Options (/info/sys)

Command Syntax and Usage

snmpv3

Displays SNMPv3 Information Menu. To view the menu options, see page 59.

chassis

Displays information about the BladeCenter chassis. For details, see page 69.

general

Displays system information, including:

 System date and time
 Switch model name and number
 Switch name and location
 Time of last boot
 MAC address of the switch management processor
 IP address of the management interface
 Hardware version and part number
 Software image file and version number
 Configuration name
 Log-in banner, if one is configured

For details, see page 70.

log

Displays most recent syslog messages. For details, see page 72.

user

Displays configured user names and their status. For details, see page 73.

e2eshow

Displays End-to-End Flow Control information.

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Table 4-2 System Menu Options (/info/sys)

Command Syntax and Usage

dump

Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more, depending on
your configuration).

/info/sys/snmpv3

SNMPv3 System Information Menu

SNMP version 3 (SNMPv3) is an extensible SNMP Framework that supplements the SNMPv2
Framework by supporting the following:

 a new SNMP message format
 security for messages
 access control
 remote configuration of SNMP parameters

For more details on the SNMPv3 architecture please refer to RFC2271 to RFC2276.

[SNMPv3 Information Menu]
usm - Show usmUser table information
view - Show vacmViewTreeFamily table information
access - Show vacmAccess table information
group - Show vacmSecurityToGroup table information
comm - Show community table information
taddr - Show targetAddr table information
tparam - Show targetParams table information
notify - Show notify table information
dump - Show all SNMPv3 information

Table 4-3 SNMPv3 information Menu Options (/info/sys/snmpv3)

Command Syntax and Usage

usm

Displays User Security Model (USM) table information. To view the table, see page 61.

view

Displays information about view , sub-trees, mask and type of view. To view a sample, see page 62.

access

Displays View-based Access Control information. To view a sample, see page 63.

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Table 4-3 SNMPv3 information Menu Options (/info/sys/snmpv3)

Command Syntax and Usage

group

Displays information about the group that includes, the security model, user name, and group
name. To view a sample, see page 64.

comm

Displays information about the community table information. To view a sample, see page 64.

taddr

Displays the Target Address table information. To view a sample, see page 65.

tparam

Displays the Target parameters table information. To view a sample, see page 66.

notify

Displays the Notify table information. To view a sample, see page 67.

dump

Displays all the SNMPv3 information. To view a sample, see page 68.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/usm

SNMPv3 USM User Table Information

The User-based Security Model (USM) in SNMPv3 provides security services such as authen­tication and privacy of messages. This security model makes use of a defined set of user iden­tities displayed in the USM user table. The USM user table contains the following information:

 the user name
 a security name in the form of a string whose format is independent of the Security Model
 an authentication protocol, which is an indication that the messages sent on behalf of the

user can be authenticated

 the privacy protocol

usmUser Table:
User Name Protocol

-------------------------------- -------------------------------­adminmd5 HMAC_MD5, DES PRIVACY
adminsha HMAC_SHA, DES PRIVACY
v1v2only NO AUTH, NO PRIVACY

Table 4-4 USM User Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/usm)

Field Description

User Name This is a string that represents the name of the user that you can

use to access the switch.

Protocol This indicates whether messages sent on behalf of this user are

protected from disclosure using a privacy protocol. Alteon OS

21.0 supports DES algorithm for privacy. The software also sup­ports two authentication algorithms: MD5 and HMAC-SHA.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/view

SNMPv3 View Table Information

The user can control and restrict the access allowed to a group to only a subset of the manage­ment information in the management domain that the group can access within each context by
specifying the group’s rights in terms of a particular MIB view for security reasons.

View Name Subtree Mask Type

----------------- ------------------ -------------- -------­iso 1.3 included
v1v2only 1.3 included
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.15 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.16 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.18 excluded

Table 4-5 SNMPv3 View Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/view)

Field Description

View Name Displays the name of the view.
Subtree Displays the MIB subtree as an OID string. A view subtree is the set

of all MIB object instances which have a common Object Identifier
prefix to their names.

Mask Displays the bit mask.
Type Displays whether a family of view subtrees is included or

excluded from the MIB view.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/access

SNMPv3 Access Table Information

The access control sub system provides authorization services.
The vacmAccessTable maps a group name, security information, a context, and a message

type, which could be the read or write type of operation or notification into a MIB view.
The V iew-based Access Control Model defines a set of services that an application can use for

checking access rights of a group. This group's access rights are determined by a read-view, a
write-view and a notify-view. The read-view represents the set of object instances authorized
for the group while reading the objects. The write-view represents the set of object instances
authorized for the group when writing objects. The notify-view represents the set of object
instances authorized for the group when sending a notification.

Group Name Model Level ReadV WriteV NotifyV

---------- ------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------­v1v2grp snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv iso iso v1v2only
admingrp usm authPriv iso iso iso

Table 4-6 SNMPv3 Access Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/access)

Field Description

Group Name Displays the name of group.
Model Displays the security model used, for example, SNMPv1, or

SNMPv2 or USM.

Level Displays the minimum level of security required to gain rights of

access. For example, noAuthNoPriv, authNoPriv, or auth-

Priv.

ReadV Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the read

access.

WriteV Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the write

access.

NotifyV Displays the Notify view to which this entry authorizes the notify

access.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/group

SNMPv3 Group Table Information

A group is a combination of security model and security name that defines the access rights
assigned to all the security names belonging to that group. The group is identified by a group
name.

Sec Model User Name Group Name

---------- ------------------------------- -------------------­snmpv1 v1v2only v1v2grp
usm adminmd5 admingrp
usm adminsha admingrp

Table 4-7

Field Description

Sec Model Displays the security model used, which is any one of: USM,

User Name Displays the name for the group.
Group Name Displays the access name of the group.

SNMPv3 Group Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/group)

SNMPv1, SNMPv2, and SNMPv3.

/info/sys/snmpv3/comm

SNMPv3 Community Table Information

This command displays the community table information stored in the SNMP engine.

Index Name User Name Tag

---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------­trap1 public v1v2only v1v2trap

Table 4-8 SNMPv3 Community Table Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/comm)

Field Description

Index Displays the unique index value of a row in this table
Name Displays the community string, which represents the configuration.
User Name Displays the User Security Model (USM) user name.

Tag

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Displays the community tag. This tag specifies a set of transport
endpoints from which a command responder application accepts
management requests and to which a command responder applica­tion sends an SNMP trap.

Alteon OS Command Reference

/info/sys/snmpv3/taddr

SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information

This command displays the SNMPv3 target address table information, which is stored in the
SNMP engine.

Name Transport Addr Port Taglist Params

---------- --------------- ---- ---------- --------------­trap1 47.81.25.66 162 v1v2trap v1v2param

Table 4-9 SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/
snmpv3/taddr)

Field Description

Name Displays the locally arbitrary, but unique identifier associated with

this snmpTargetAddrEntry.

Transport Addr Displays the transport addresses.
Port Displays the SNMP UDP port number.
Taglist This column contains a list of tag values which a re used to select tar-

get addresses for a particular SNMP message.

Params The value of this object identifies an entry in the snmpTargetParam-

sT able. The identified entry contains SNMP parameters to be used
when generating messages to be sent to this transport address.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/tparam

SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information

Name MP Model User Name Sec Model Sec Level

--------------- -------- -------------- --------- --------­v1v2param snmpv2c v1v2only snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv

Table 4-10 SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/
tparam)

Field Description

Name Displays the locally arbitrary, but unique identifier associated with

MP Model Displays the Message Processing Model used when generating

User Name Displays the securityName, which identifies the entry on whose

this snmpTargeParamsEntry.

SNMP messages using this entry .

behalf SNMP messages will be generated using this entry.

Sec Model Displays the security model used when generating SNMP messages

using this entry. The system may choose to return an inconsis-
tentValue error if an attempt is made to set this variable to a
value for a security model which the system does not support.

Sec Level Displays the level of security used when generating SNMP mes-

sages using this entry.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/notify

SNMPv3 Notify Table Information

Name Tag

-------------------- -------------------­v1v2trap v1v2trap

Table 4-11 SNMPv3 Notify Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/notify)

Field Description

Name The locally arbitrary , but unique identifier associated with this

snmpNotifyEntry.

Tag This represents a single tag value which is used to select entries in

the snmpTargetAddrTable. Any entry in the snmpTar­getAddrTable that contains a tag value equal to the value of this

entry, is selected. If this entry contains a value of zero length, no
entries are selected.

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/info/sys/snmpv3/dump

SNMPv3 Dump Information

usmUser Table:
User Name Protocol

-------------------------------- -------------------------------­adminmd5 HMAC_MD5, DES PRIVACY
adminsha HMAC_SHA, DES PRIVACY
v1v2only NO AUTH, NO PRIVACY

vacmAccess Table:
Group Name Model Level ReadV WriteV NotifyV

---------- ------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------­v1v2grp snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv iso iso v1v2only
admingrp usm authPriv iso iso iso

vacmViewTreeFamily Table:
View Name Subtree Mask Type

-------------------- --------------- ------------ -------------­iso 1.3 included
v1v2only 1.3 included
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.15 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.16 excluded
v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.18 excluded

vacmSecurityToGroup Table:
Sec Model User Name Group Name

---------- ------------------------------- ----------------------­snmpv1 v1v2only v1v2grp
usm adminmd5 admingrp
usm adminsha admingrp

snmpCommunity Table:
Index Name User Name Tag

---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------­snmpNotify Table:
Name Tag

-------------------- -------------------­snmpTargetAddr Table:
Name Transport Addr Port Taglist Params

---------- --------------- ---- ---------- --------------­snmpTargetParams Table:
Name MP Model User Name Sec Model Sec Level

-------------------- -------- ------------------ --------- -------

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info/sys/chassis

BladeCenter Chassis Information

IBM BladeCenter Chassis Related Information:

Switch Module Bay = 1
Chassis Type = Enterprise
POST Results = 0xff

Management Module Control -

Default Configuration = FALSE
Skip Extended Memory Test = FALSE
Disable External Ports = FALSE
POST Diagnostics Control = Normal Diagnostics

Control Register = 0x19
Extended Control Register = 0x00

Management Module Status Reporting -

Device PowerUp Complete = TRUE
Over Current Fault = FALSE
Fault LED = OFF
Primary Temperature Warning = OK
Secondary Temperature Warning = OK

Status Register = 0x40
Extended Status Register = 0x01

Chassis information includes details about the BladeCenter chassis and management module
settings.

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/info/sys/general

General System Information

System Information at 0:16:42 Wed Jan 3, 2007
Time zone: No timezone configured

Nortel Layer 2-3 GbE Switch Module

Switch is up 5 days, 2 hours, 16 minutes and 42 seconds.
Last boot: 0:00:47 Wed Jan 3, 2007 (power cycle)

MAC address: 00:11:58:ad:a3:00 Management IP Address (if 128):

10.90.90.97
Software Version 1.3.0 (FLASH image1), factory default configura­tion.

PCBA Part Number: 317857-A
FAB Number: EL4512011
Serial Number: YJ1WDW47N277
Manufacturing Date:
Hardware Revision: 0
Board Revision: 2
PLD Firmware Version: 1.0

Temperature Sensor 1 (Warning): 33.0 C (Warn at 77.0 C/
Recover at 72.0 C)
Temperature Sensor 2 (Shutdown): 32.0 C (Warn at 90.0 C/
Recover at 80.0 C)

Switch is in I/O Module Bay 1

NOTE – The display of temperature will come up only if the temperature of any of the sensors
exceeds the temperature threshold. There will be a warning from the software if any of the sen­sors exceeds this temperature threshold. The switch will shut down if the power supply over­heats.

System information includes:

 System date and time
 Switch model
 Switch name and location
 Time of last boot
 MAC address of the switch management processor
 IP address of management IP interface
 Hardware version and part number

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 Software image file and version number
 Configuration name
 Log-in banner, if one is configured

Alteon OS Command Reference

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/info/sys/log

Show Recent Syslog Messages

Date Time Criticality level Message
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT8
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT7
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT2
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT4
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT5
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT4
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT1
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT3
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT2
Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT2
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT4
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT5
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1
Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6

Each syslog message has a criticality level associated with it, included in text form as a prefix
to the log message. One of eight different prefixes is used, depending on the condition that the
administrator is being notif i ed of, as shown below.

 EMERG: indicates the system is unusable
 ALERT: Indicates action should be taken immediately
 CRIT: Indicates critical conditions
 ERR: indicates error conditions or errored operations
 WARNING: indicates warning conditions
 NOTICE: indicates a normal but significant condition
 INFO: indicates an information message
 DEBUG: indicates a debug-level message

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/info/sys/user

User Status

Usernames:
user - enabled - offline
oper - disabled - offline
admin - Always Enabled - online 1 session
Current User ID table:
1: name paul , dis, cos user , password valid, offline
Current strong password settings:
strong password status: disabled

This command displays the status of the configured usernames.

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/info/l2

Layer 2 Information

[Layer 2 Menu]
fdb - Forwarding Database Information Menu
lacp - Link Aggregation Control Protocol Menu
8021x - Show 802.1x information
stg - Show STP information
cist - Show CIST information
trunk - Show Trunk Group information
vlan - Show VLAN information
gen - Show general information
dump - Dump all layer 2 information

The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-12, with point-
ers to where detailed information can be found.

Table 4-12 Layer 2 Menu Options (/info/l2)

Command Syntax and Usage

fdb

Displays the Forwarding Database Information Menu. For details, see page 76.

lacp

Displays the Link Aggregation Control Protocol Menu. For details, see page 78.

8021x

Displays the 802.1x Information Menu. For details, see page 80.

stg

In addition to seeing if STG is enabled or disabled, you can view the following STG bridge infor­mation:

 Priority
 Hello interval
 Maximum age value
 Forwarding delay
 Aging time

You can also see the following port-specific STG information:

 Port al ias and priority
 Cost
 State

For details, see page 82.

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Table 4-12 Layer 2 Men u Optio ns (/info/l2)

Command Syntax and Usage

cist

Displays Common internal Spanning Tree (CIST) bridge information, including the following:

 Priority
 Hello interval
 Maximum age value
 Forwarding delay

You can also view port-specific CIST information, including the following:

 Port number and priority
 Cost
 State

For details, see page 88.

trunk

When trunk groups are configured, you can view the state of each port in the various trunk groups.
For details, see page 91.

vlan

Displays VLAN configuration information, including:

 VLAN Number
 VLAN Name
 Status
 Port memb ership of the VLAN

For details, see page 91.

gen

Displays general Layer 2 information.

dump

Dumps all switch information available from the Layer 2 menu (10K or more, depending on your
configuration).

If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to
capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.

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/info/l2/fdb

FDB Information

[Forwarding Database Menu]
find - Show a single FDB entry by MAC address
port - Show FDB entries on a single port
trunk - Show FDB entries on a single trunk
vlan - Show FDB entries on a single VLAN
state - Show FDB entries by state
dump - Show all FDB entries

The forwarding database (FDB) contains information that maps the media access control
(MAC) address of each known device to the switch port where the device address was learned.
The FDB also shows which other ports have seen frames destined for a particular MAC
address.

NOTE – The master forwarding database supports up to 16K MAC address entries on the MP
per switch.

Table 4-13 FDB Information Menu Options (/info/l2/fdb)

Command Syntax and Usage

find <MAC address> [<VLAN>]

Displays a single database entry by its MAC address. You are prompted to enter the MAC address
of the device. Enter the MAC address using the format, xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. For example,
08:00:20:12:34:56.

You can also enter the MAC address using the format, xxxxxxxxxxxx.
For example, 080020123456.

port <port number or alias>

Displays all FDB entries for a particular port.

trunk <trunk number>

Displays all FDB entries for a particular trunk.

vlan <VLAN number (1-4095)>

Displays all FDB entries on a single VLAN.

state unknown|forward|trunk

Displays all FDB entries of a particular state.

dump

Displays all entries in the Forwarding Database. For more informati on, see page 77.

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/info/l2/fdb/dump

Show All FDB Information

MAC address VLAN Port Trnk State

----------------- ---- ---- ---- ----­ 00:04:38:90:54:18 1 EXT4 FWD
00:09:6b:9b:01:5f 1 INT13 FWD
00:09:6b:ca:26:ef 4095 MGT1 FWD
00:0f:06:ec:3b:00 4095 MGT1 FWD
00:11:43:c4:79:83 1 EXT4 FWD
00:11:f9:36:71:00 4095 MGT1 FWD
00:13:0a:4d:3c:00 4095 MGT1 FWD

An address that is in the forwarding (FWD) state, means that it has been learned by the switch.
When in the trunking (TRK) state, the port field represents the trunk group number. If the state
for the port is listed as unknown (UNK), the MAC address has not yet been learned by the
switch, but has only been seen as a destination address. When an address is in the unknown
state, no outbound port is indicated, although ports which reference the address as a destination
will be listed under “Reference ports.”

If the state for the port is listed as an interface (IF), the MAC address is for a standard VRRP
virtual router.

Clearing Entries from the Forwarding Database

T o delete a MAC address from the forwarding database (FDB) or to clear the entire FDB, refer
to “Forwarding Database Maintenance” on page 343.

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/info/l2/lacp

Link Aggregation Control Protocol Information

[LACP Menu]
aggr - Show LACP aggregator information for the port
port - Show LACP port information
dump - Show all LACP ports information

Use these commands to display Link Aggregation Protocol (LACP) status information about
each port on the

Table 4-14 LACP Menu Options (/info/l2/lacp)

Command Syntax and Usage

aggr

Displays detailed information of the LACP aggregator used by the selected port.

port

Displays LACP information about the selected port.

GbE Switch Module.

dump

Displays a summary of LACP information. For details, see page 78.

/info/l2/lacp/dump

Show all LACP Information

port lacp adminkey operkey selected prio attached trunk
aggr

---------------------------------------------------------------­INT1 active 30 30 y 32768 17 19
INT2 active 30 30 y 32768 17 19
INT3 off 19 19 n 32768 -- -­INT4 off 20 20 n 32768 -- -­...

LACP dump includes the following information for each external port in the GbESM:

 lacp

Displays the port’s LACP mode (active, passive, or off)

 adminkey

Displays the value of the port’s adminkey.

 operkey

Shows the value of the port’s operational key.

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 selected

Indicates whether the port has been selected to be part of a Link Aggregation Group.

 prio

Shows the value of the port priority.

 attached aggr

Displays the aggregator associated with each port.

 trunk

This value represents the LACP trunk group number.

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/info/l2/8021x

802.1x Information

System capability : Authenticator
System status : disabled
Protocol version : 1
Authenticator Backend
Port Auth Mode Auth Status PAE State Auth State

----- ------------ ------------ -------------- ---------­ INT1 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT2 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT3 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT4 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT5 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT6 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT7 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT8 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
INT9 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
INT10 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT11 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT12 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT13 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*INT14 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
MGT1 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*MGT2 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
EXT1 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
EXT2 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
*EXT3 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
EXT4 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
EXT5 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
EXT6 force-auth authorized initialize initialize

-----------------------------------------------------------------­* - Port down or disabled

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

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The following table describes the IEEE 802.1x parameters.

Table 4-15 802.1x Parameter Descriptions (/info/l2/8021x)

Parameter Description

Port Displays each port’s alias.
Auth Mode Displays the Access Control authorization mode for the port. The Authoriza-

tion mode can be one of the following:

 force-unauth
 auto
 force-auth

Auth Status Displays the current authorization status of the port, either authorized or

unauthorized.

Authenticator
PAE State

Backend
Auth State

Displays the Authenticator Port Access Entity State. The PAE state can be
one of the following:

 initialize
 disconnected
 connecting
 authenticating
 authenticated
 aborting
 held
 forceAuth

Displays the Backend Authorization State. The Backend Authorization state
can be one of the following:

 initialize
 request
 response
 success
 fail
 timeout
 idle

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/info/l2/stg

Spanning Tree Information

-----------------------------------------------------------------­upfast disabled, update 40

-----------------------------------------------------------------­Spanning Tree Group 1: On (STP/PVST+)
VLANs: 1 10

Current Root: Path-Cost Port Hello MaxAge FwdDel
8000 00:16:60:f9:1e:00 0 (null) 2 20 15

Parameters: Priority Hello MaxAge FwdDel Aging
32768 2 20 15 300

Port Priority Cost FastFwd State Designated Bridge Des Port

---- -------- ---- -------- ------- --------------------- -------­INT1 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT2 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT3 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT4 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT5 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT6 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT7 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT8 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT9 0 0 n DISABLED *
INT10 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT11 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT12 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT13 0 0 n FORWARDING *
INT14 0 0 n FORWARDING *
EXT1 128 2 n DISABLED
EXT2 128 2 n DISABLED
EXT3 128 2 n FORWARDING 8000-00:16:60:f9:1e:00 8013
EXT4 128 4! n FORWARDING 8000-00:16:60:f9:1e:00 8014
EXT5 128 2 n DISABLED
EXT6 128 2 n DISABLED
* = STP turned off for this port.
! = Automatic path cost.

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

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The switch software uses the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). In addition to seeing
if STG is enabled or disabled, you can view the following STG bridge information:

 Priority
 Hello interval
 Maximum age value
 Forwarding delay
 Aging time

You can also see the following port-speci fi c STG informatio n:

 Slot number
 Port alias and priority
 Cost
 State

The following table describes the STG parameters.

Table 4-16 Spanning Tree Parameter Descriptions

Parameter Description

Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will

become the STG root bridge.

Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge

transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that
is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.

MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the

bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit
before it reconfigure the STG network.

FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a

bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding
state.

Aging The aging time parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time the

bridge waits without receiving a packet from a station before removing the
station from the Forwarding Database.

priority

(port) The port priority parameter helps determine which bridge port becomes the

designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the
designated port for the segment.

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Table 4-16 Spanning Tree Parameter Descriptions (Continued)

Parameter Description

Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for

State The state field shows the current state of the port. The state field can be either

a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A
setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after
the link speed has been auto negotiated.

BLOCKING, LISTENING, LEARNING, FORWARDING, or DISABLED.

Designated
Bridge

The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to
each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC
address of the Designated Bridge.

Designated Port The identifier of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-

nected.

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/info/l2/stg

RSTP/MSTP Information

Spanning Tree Group 1: On (RSTP)
VLANs: 1

Current Root: Path-Cost Port Hello MaxAge FwdDel
8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0 EXT4 2 20 15

Parameters: Priority Hello MaxAge FwdDel Aging
32768 2 20 15 300

Port Prio Cost State Role Designated Bridge Des Port Type

----- ---- --------- ----- ---- ---------------------- -------- ----­INT1 0 0 DSB *
INT2 0 0 DSB *
INT3 0 0 FWD *
INT4 0 0 DSB *
INT5 0 0 DSB *
INT6 0 0 DSB *
INT7 0 0 DSB *
INT8 0 0 DSB *
INT9 0 0 DSB *
INT10 0 0 DSB *
INT11 0 0 DSB *
INT12 0 0 DSB *
INT13 0 0 DSB *
INT14 0 0 DSB *
EXT1 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P
EXT2 128 2000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P
EXT3 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 P2P
EXT4 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 Shared
EXT5 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P
EXT6 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P
* = STP turned off for this port.

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

The switch software can be set to use the IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
or the IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).
If RSTP/MSTP is turned on (see page 225), you can view RSTP/MSTP bridge information for
the Spanning Tree Group, including the following:

 Priority
 Hello interval
 Maximum age value

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 Forwarding delay
 Aging time

You can view port-specific RSTP information, including the following:

 Port number and priority
 Cost
 State

The following table describes the STP parameters in RSTP or MSTP mode.

Table 4-17 RSTP/MSTP Parameter Descriptions

Parameter Description

Current Root The Curren t Root shows information about the root bridge for the Spanning

Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will

Tree. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC address of the root.

become the STP root bridge.

Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge

transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that
is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.

MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the

bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit
before it reconfigures the STP network.

FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a

bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding
state.

Aging The aging time parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time the

bridge waits without receiving a packet from a station before removing the
station from the Forwarding Database.

(port) The port priority parameter hel p s determine which bridge port becomes the

Prio

designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the
designated port for the segment.

Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for

a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A
setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after
the link speed has been auto negotiated.

State The State field shows the cur rent sta te of th e port. T he S tate fiel d in RSTP or

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MSTP mode can be one of the following: Discarding (DISC),
Learning (LRN), Forwarding (FWD), or Disabled (DSB).

Alteon OS Command Reference

Table 4-17 RSTP/MSTP Parameter Descriptions (Continued)

Parameter Description

Role The Role field shows the current role of this port in the Spanning Tree. The

port role can be one of the following: Designate d ( D ESG), Root (ROOT),
Alternate (ALTN), Backup (BKUP), Disabled (DSB), Master (MAST), or
Unknown (UNK).

Designated
Bridge

The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to
each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC
address of the Designated Bridge.

Designated Port The port ID of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-

nected.

Type Type of link connected to the port, and whether the port is an edge port.

Link type values are AUTO, P2P, or SHARED.

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/info/l2/cist

Common Internal Spanning Tree Information

Common Internal Spanning Tree:

VLANs: 2-4094

Current Root: Path-Cost Port MaxAge FwdDel
8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0 0 20 15

Cist Regional Root: Path-Cost
8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0

Parameters: Priority MaxAge FwdDel Hops
32768 20 15 20
Port Prio Cost State Role Designated Bridge Des Port Hello Type

----- ---- --------- ----- ---- ---------------------- -------- ----- ---­INT1 0 0 DSB *
INT2 0 0 DSB *
INT3 0 0 FWD *
INT4 0 0 DSB *
INT5 0 0 DSB *
INT6 0 0 DSB *
INT7 0 0 DSB *
INT8 0 0 DSB *
INT9 0 0 DSB *
INT10 0 0 DSB *
INT11 0 0 DSB *
INT12 0 0 DSB *
INT13 0 0 DSB *
INT14 0 0 DSB *
MGT1 0 0 FWD *
MGT2 0 0 DSB *
EXT1 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P
EXT2 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P
EXT3 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 2 P2P
EXT4 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 2 Shared
EXT5 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P
EXT6 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P
* = STP turned off for this port.

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

In addition to seeing if Common Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) is enabled or disabled, you can
view CIST bridge information, including the following:

 Priority

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 Maximum age value
 Forwarding delay

You can view port-specific CIST information, including the following:

 Port number and priority
 Cost
 Link type and Port type

The following table describes the CIST parameters.

Table 4-18 CIST Parameter Descriptions

Parameter Description

CIST Root The CIST Root shows information about the root bridge for the Common

Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). Values on this row of information refer to the
CIST root.

CIST Regional Root The CIST Regional Root shows information about the root bridge for this

MSTP region. Values on this row of information refer to the regional root.

Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will

become the STP root bridge.

Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge

transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that
is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.

MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the

bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit
before it reconfigure the STP network.

FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a

bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding
state.

priority

Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for

(port) The port priority parameter helps determine which bridge port becomes the

designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the
designated port for the segment.

a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A
setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after
the link speed has been auto negotiated.

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Table 4-18 CIST Parameter Descriptions

Parameter Description

State The state field shows the current state of the port. The state field can be either

Role The Role field shows the current role of this port in the Spanning Tree. The

Discarding (DISC), Learning (LRN), or Forwarding
(FWD).

port role can be one of the following: Designate d ( D ESG), Root (ROOT),
Alternate (ALTN), Backup (BKUP), Disabled (DSB), Master (MAST), or
Unknown (UNK).

Designated
Bridge

The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to
each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC
address of the Designated Bridge.

Designated Port The port ID of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-

nected.

Type Type of link connected to the port, and whether the port is an edge port.

Link type values are AUTO, P2P, or SHARED.

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/info/l2/trunk

Trunk Group Information

Trunk group 1, port state:
EXT1: STG 1 forwarding
EXT2: STG 1 forwarding

When trunk groups are configured, you can view the state of each port in the various trunk
groups.

NOTE – If Spanning Tree Protocol on any port in the trunk group is set to forwarding, the
remaining ports in the trunk group will also be set to forwarding.

/info/l2/vlan

VLAN Information

VLAN Name Status Ports

---- -------------------------------- ------ -------------------­1 Default VLAN ena INT1-INT14 EXT1-EXT6
10 VLAN 10 ena INT1
10 VLAN 10 ena EXT3
30 VLAN 30 ena EXT4
4095 Mgmt VLAN ena INT1-INT14 MGT1 MGT2

Private-VLAN Type Mapped-To Status Ports

------------ --------- ---------- ---------- ----------------­1000 primary 1001-1014 ena EXT1 EXT2
1001 isolated 1000 ena INT1
1002 community 1000 ena INT2

1003 community 1000 ena INT3

NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens
displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you
are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.

This information display includes all configured VLANs and all member ports that have an
active link state. Port membership is represented in slot/port format.

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VLAN information includes:

 VLAN Number
 VLAN Name
 Status
 Port membership of the VLAN
 Protocol-based VLAN information
 Whether the VLAN is a GVRP dynamic VLAN
 Private VLAN configuration

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/info/l3

Layer 3 Information

[Layer 3 Menu]
route - IP Routing Information Menu
arp - ARP Information Menu
bgp - BGP Information Menu
ospf - OSPF Routing Information Menu
rip - RIP Routing Information Menu
ip - Show IP information
igmp - Show IGMP Snooping Multicast Group information
vrrp - Show Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol information
dump - Dump all layer 3 information

The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-19, with point­ers to detailed information.

Table 4-19 Layer 3 Men u Optio ns (/info/l3)

Command Syntax and Usage

route

Displays the IP Routing Menu. Using the options of this menu, the system displays the following
for each configured or learned route:

 Route destination IP address, subnet mask, and gateway address
 Type of route
 Tag indicating origin of route
 Metric for RIP tagged routes, specifying the number of hops to the destination ( 1-15 hops, or 16

for infinite hops)

 The IP interface that the route uses

For details, see page 95.

arp

Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Information Menu. For details, see page 98.

bgp

Displays BGP Information Menu. To view menu options, see page 100.

ospf

Displays OSPF routing Information Menu. For details, see page 102.

rip

Displays Routing Information Protocol Menu. For details, see page 107.

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Table 4-19 Layer 3 Menu Options (/info/l3)

Command Syntax and Usage

ip

Displays IP Information. For details, see page 108.
IP information, includes:

 IP interface information: Interface number, IP address, subnet mask, VLAN number, and opera-

tional status.

 Defaul t gate way information: Metric for selecting which configured gateway to use, gate way

number, IP address, and health status

 IP forwarding information: Enable status, lnet and lmask
 Port status

igmp

Displays IGMP Information Menu. For details, see page 109.

vrrp

Displays the VRRP Information Menu. For details, see page 112.

dump

Dumps all switch information available from the Layer 3 Menu (10K or more, depending on your
configuration).

If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to
capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.

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/info/l3/route

IP Routing Information

[IP Routing Menu]
find - Show a single route by destination IP address
gw - Show routes to a single gateway
type - Show routes of a single type
tag - Show routes of a single tag
if - Show routes on a single interface
dump - Show all routes

Using the commands listed below, you can display all or a portion of the IP routes currently
held in the switch.

Table 4-20 Route Information Menu Options (/info/l3/route)

Command Syntax and Usage

find <IP address (such as 192.4.17.101)>

Displays a single route by destination IP address.

gw <default gateway address (such as 192.4.17.44)>

Displays routes to a single gateway.

type indirect|direct|local|broadcast|martian|multicast

Displays routes of a single type. For a description of IP routing types, see Table 4-21 on page 96 .

tag fixed|static|addr|rip|ospf|bgp|broadcast|martian|multicast

Displays routes of a single tag. For a description of IP routing types, see Table 4-22 on page 97.

if <interface number (1-128)>

Displays routes on a single interface.

dump

Displays all routes configured in the switch. For more information, see page 96.

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/info/l3/route/dump

Show All IP Route Information

Status code: * - best
Destination Mask Gateway Type Tag Metr If

--------------- --------------- --------------- --------- --------- ---- -­* 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1 direct fixed 211
* 11.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 11.0.0.1 local addr 211
* 11.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 11.255.255.255 broadcast broadcast 211
* 12.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 12.0.0.1 direct fixed 12
* 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 12.0.0.1 local addr 12
* 12.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 12.255.255.255 broadcast broadcast 12
* 13.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.2 indirect ospf 2 211
* 47.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 47.133.88.1 indirect static 24
* 47.133.88.0 255.255.255.0 47.133.88.46 direct fixed 24
* 172.30.52.223 255.255.255.255 172.30.52.223 broadcast broadcast 2
* 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 martian martian
* 224.0.0.5 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 multicast addr

The following table describes the Type parameters.

Table 4-21 IP Routing Type Parameters

Parameter Description

indirect The next hop to the host or subnet destination will be forwarded through a

router at the Gateway address.

direct Packets will be delivered to a destination host or subnet attached to the

switch.

local Indicates a route to one of the switch’s IP interfaces.
broadcast Indicates a broadcast route.
martian The destination belongs to a host or subnet which is filtered out. Packets to

this destination are discarded.

multicast Indicates a multicast route.

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The following table describes the Tag parameters.

Table 4-22 IP Routing Tag Parameters

Parameter Description

fixed The address belongs to a host or subnet attached to the switch.
static The address is a static route which ha s been configured on the GbE Switch

Module.

addr The address belongs to one of the switch’s IP interfaces.
rip The address was learned by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
ospf The address was learned by Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).
bgp The address was learned via Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
broadcast Indicates a broadcast address.
martian The address belongs to a filtered group.
multicast Indicates a multicast address.

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/info/l3/arp

ARP Information

[Address Resolution Protocol Menu]
find - Show a single ARP entry by IP address
port - Show ARP entries on a single port
vlan - Show ARP entries on a single VLAN
addr - Show ARP address list
dump - Show all ARP entries

The ARP information includes IP address and MAC address of each entry, address status flags
(see Table 4-23 on page 98), VLAN and port for the address, and port referencing information.

Table 4-23 ARP Information Menu Options (/info/l3/arp)

Command Syntax and Usage

find <IP address (such as, 192.4.17.101>

Displays a single ARP entry by IP address.

port <port alias or number>

Displays the ARP entries on a single port.

vlan <VLAN number (1-4095)>

Displays the ARP entries on a single VLAN.

addr

Displays the ARP address list: IP address, IP mask, MAC address, and VLAN flags.

dump

Displays all ARP entries. including:

 IP address and MAC address of each entry
 Address status flag (see below)
 The VLAN and port to which the address belongs
 The ports which have referenced the address (empty if no port has routed traffic to the IP

address shown)

For more information, see page 99.

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/info/l3/arp/dump

Show All ARP Entry Information

IP address Flags MAC address VLAN Port

--------------- ----- ----------------- ---- ----

47.80.22.1 00:e0:16:7c:28:86 1 INT6

47.80.23.243 P 00:03:42:fa:3b:30 1

47.80.23.245 00:c0:4f:60:3e:c1 1 INT6

190.10.10.1 P 00:03:42:fa:3b:30 10

NOTE – If you have VMA turned on, the referenced port will be the designated port. If you have
VMA turned off, the designated port will be the normal ingress port.

The Flag field is interpreted as follows:

Table 4-24 ARP Dump Flag Parameters

Flag Description

P Permanent entry created for switch IP interface.
R Indirect route entry.
U Unresolved ARP entry. The MAC address has not been learned.

/info/l3/arp/addr

ARP Address List Information

IP address IP mask MAC address VLAN Flags

--------------- --------------- ----------------- ---- -----

205.178.18.66 255.255.255.255 00:70:cf:03:20:04 P

205.178.50.1 255.255.255.255 00:70:cf:03:20:06 1

205.178.18.64 255.255.255.255 00:70:cf:03:20:05 1

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/info/l3/bgp

BGP Information

[BGP Menu]
peer - Show all BGP peers
summary - Show all BGP peers in summary
dump - Show BGP routing table

Table 4-25 BGP Peer Information Menu Options (/info/l3/bgp))

Command Syntax and Usage

peer

Displays BGP peer information. See page 100 for a sample output.

summary

Displays peer summary information such as AS, messa g e received, message sent, up/down, state.
See page 101 for a sample output.

dump

Displays the BGP routing table. See page 101 for a sample output.

/info/l3/bgp/peer

BGP Peer information

Following is an example of the information that /info/l3/bgp/peer provides.

BGP Peer Information:

3: 2.1.1.1 , version 0, TTL 1
Remote AS: 0, Local AS: 0, Link type: IBGP
Remote router ID: 0.0.0.0, Local router ID: 1.1.201.5
BGP status: idle, Old status: idle
Total received packets: 0, Total sent packets: 0
Received updates: 0, Sent updates: 0
Keepalive: 0, Holdtime: 0, MinAdvTime: 60
LastErrorCode: unknown(0), LastErrorSubcode: unspecified(0)
Established state transitions: 0

4: 2.1.1.4 , version 0, TTL 1
Remote AS: 0, Local AS: 0, Link type: IBGP
Remote router ID: 0.0.0.0, Local router ID: 1.1.201.5
BGP status: idle, Old status: idle
Total received packets: 0, Total sent packets: 0
Received updates: 0, Sent updates: 0
Keepalive: 0, Holdtime: 0, MinAdvTime: 60
LastErrorCode: unknown(0), LastErrorSubcode: unspecified(0)
Established state transitions: 0

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