niu M1 Sport, M1 Pro User Manual

USER MANUAL

CONTENTS

General Notice
Precautions
Safety Notice
Download APP and Register
Rapid Installation
Parts Info
Operation Guide
Battery Use and Maintenance
DOs and DON'Ts while Riding
Maintenance and Repair
Troubleshooting List
Technical Parameters
Maintenance Record

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2

General Notice

Please read this User Manual carefully for proper operation before riding the scooter.
For your safety, please check whether the parts are in good condition according to this User
Manual before riding. Contact your dealer in time in case of any problems.
Please follow the traffic laws. Slow down on slippery roads in bad weather to allow greater
braking distance for your safety.
Please pay attention to deep water. It may cause rusting or failure of the motor, battery or
other parts if water level reaches wheel axle.
Do not dismantle the scooter on your own. Please contact your dealer for replacement or
purchase of original parts.
Do not lend your M1 to those who can’t operate a scooter for others' safety and preventing
unnecessary damage to your scooter.
Please keep this User Manual properly.

Precautions

Rider and Passenger
M1 is not designed for a ride of more than 2 persons.
Riding Conditions

M1 is not designed for off-road use.

This User Manual should be deemed as a permanent document of M1. If this scooter is
transferred to others, this User Manual should also be handed over to the new owner.
Reproduction or reprint of any part of this User Manual is strictly prohibited.

Warning: Failure to follow the instructions herein may lead to serious casualties.

3

Attention: Failure to follow the instructions herein may lead to personal injury or scooter
damage.

Safety Notice

Using a safety helmet and protective goggles is strongly advised.

You are advised to take proper training or exercise before using on open roads.

Please follow the Operation Guide (P.15) to fully understand how to properly operate the
scooter.

It should be noted that the braking distance in bad weather will be much longer. Please
avoid braking on paint markers, manhole covers and oil stains to prevent slipping. Pay extra
attention when riding through railway crossings, junctions, tunnels, and bridges. Slow down
if road conditions are unclear.

4

Do not use high beam indiscriminately. Continuous use of high beam may disturb the vision
of the drivers and pedestrians.

Do not use mobile phones or other electronic devices which may draw your attention while
riding.

Do not change the lane without signaling. Changing the lane at will is one of the major
causes for accidents. When you need to change the lane, remember to switch on the Turn
Signal Indicator first. Always check the vehicles approaching from behind before changing
the lane.

5

Download APP and Register

Scan the QR code below to download the APP titled NIU Scooter.

Run Setup after downloading and register.

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2

6

Attach the

SN Code here

Note:
The mobile phone system is required
to be at least Android 4.0 or iOS 8.
Make sure that the mobile phone has
been connected to the Internet when
running NIU app (Wi-Fi/2G/3G/4G).

Scan the QR code below for scooter binding after registration.

3

7

Rapid Installation

Open the Accessories Box to take the tools
Align the windshield rubber part with the windshield holes and then install it.
Tighten the two screws with a screwdriver to secure the windshield.

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2

3

8

Install the rearview mirrors into the mounting holes on dashboard and turn it
clockwise. The bolt shall be screwed in for more than 15mm.
Adjust the rearview mirror to an appropriate position and then tighten nuts on the
rearview mirror with a spanner. Properly set the dust cover.

4

5

9

Parts Info

Handrail

Reflector

Headlight

Right

Combination

Switch

Turn Signal

Indicator

10

Parts Info

Windshield

Taillight

Rearview

Mirror

Left

Combination

Switch

Side

Stand

Saddle

11

Ready Indicator

Economic Mode

Energy Recycling

Cruising Mode

Battery Bar

Fault Code

Speed

Distance Travelled

Battery Percentage &

Remaining Charging Time

Charging
Percentage

High Beam

Low Battery Indicator

Left Turn
Signal Indicator

Time

Charging

Riding
Mode

Right Turn

Signal Indicator

Dashboard Display Info

12

Left Turn Signal Indicator

Right Turn Signal Indicator

High Beam

Ready Indicator

Low Battery Indicator

Time

Economic Mode

Energy Recycling Status

Riding Mode

Dashboard Display Info

The Left Turn Signal Indicator is on.

The Right Turn Signal Indicator is on.

The High Beam is on.

In riding Mode.

Battery level less than 20%.

Now is 12:00 pm.

Ideal energy consumption status.

Energy is being recycled from braking.

Mode 2 is selected.

13

Dashboard Display Info

Speed

Charging Percentage (Large)

Battery Bar

Battery Percentage (Small)

Remaining Charging Time

Charging

Distance Travelled

Current speed is 26km/h.

Current battery charging progress is 13%.

Current battery level.
E: Low battery (less than 10%)
F: Full battery (more than 90%)

Battery level in percentage is 89%.

The remaining charging time is 3.2 hours.

The battery is being charged.

Distance Travelled is 802km.

14

Operation Guide

USB Port

Keyhole Light

Hook

Keyhole

15

Off

On

Open Saddle Turn on

the Scooter

Push the key in
and turn to LOCK
position to lock the
Steering Handlebar

Open

Saddle

Lock

Steering

Handlebar

Operation Guide

Locating Button

Unlock Button

Lock Button

Remote Controller Key

16

Operation Guide

Start the Scooter

Press the Unlock button of the remote controller. After the Turn Signal Indicators flash
twice, the scooter is unlocked. Insert the key into the Keyhole and turn to

. Press and

hold the Start Button for 2 seconds,

on Dashboard will light on. You are ready to go.

Locking the scooter

Turn the key to

to turn off the scooter. Turn the steering handlebar to the left, then

push the key inward and turn to LOCK to lock Steering Handlebar. Press the Lock Button
on the Remote Controller within an effective distance to turn on the Alarm. The Turn Signal
Indicators will stay on for 2 seconds after the scooter is properly locked.

Locating

Press the Locating Button and the Turn Signal Indicators will flash for 10 seconds. If no
further operation during this period, the Alarm will be on for 10 seconds. The Alarm can be
cancelled by pressing the Unlock or Lock Button.

17

High/Low Beam Light

Turn Signal Indicator

Horn

Cruising Mode

Operation Guide

18

High

Beam

Low

Beam

High/Low Beam: Press the right part to turn on the high
beam; press the left part to turn on the low beam. To
signal overtaking with flashing light, the rider may press
and release the Pass button repeatedly.

Turn Signal Indicator: Push the button left to turn on the
Left Turn Signal Indicator; push the button right to turn
on the Right Turn Signal Indicator. Press the button to
reset and the Turn Signal Indicator will be off.

Cruising Mode: Push the button to cruise at current
speed. Press again or brake to turn it off.

On Off

19

Operation Guide

Mode Switch

Hazard Light Switch

Start Button

20

Hazard Light Switch: Push the switch left to
turn on the Hazard Light; push the switch
right to turn it off.

Start Button: Press and hold the Start button
for 2 seconds to start the scooter. The

on
the dashboard will light up. Press the button
again to turn it off.

Mode Switch: Press left part to switch to
Mode 1(Eco Mode). Pess right part to switch
to Mode 2(Sport Mode).

Mode 1

(Eco Mode)

Mode 2

(Sport Mode)

On Off

21

Battery Use and Maintenance

Battery Level Indicator

When the Indicator Button is pressed, the
Indicator will light up to show the percentage of
the battery. The indicator has 5 sections. Each
presents 20% of the battery level.
If the battery level is less than 20%, the Indicator
will flash 3 times.
When charging, the indicator will flash to show
the charging progress. They will stop flashing
when the battery is fully charged.
If all 5 sections flash, it means the battery has
fault. Please contact your dealer for consultation.

Handle Charging Port

Indicator

Indicator
Button

1

2

3

4

22

Battery Use and Maintenance

Using Environment

In order to prevent possible leakage, overheat, smoking, fire or explosion, please follow
these instructions:
The battery should be used at the temperature of -10°C to 45°C.
Do not expose to water, beverages or corrosive liquids.
Keep away from heat source, open fire, inflammable and explosive gases and liquids.
Please keep metal parts away from the battery compartment.
In case of undesirable odor, overheat or deformation of the battery, please disuse the
battery immediately, keep away from the battery and contact your dealer.

Warning: The M1 battery is NOT a repairable part by the user. In case of battery fault,
please contact your dealer. Users dismantling the battery may lead to leakage, overheat,
smoking, fire or explosion. Do not attempt to open or repair the battery, as any attempt to

do so will render the warranty invalid.

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5

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24

Battery Use and Maintenance

Charging Environment

The battery should be charged at the
temperature of 10°C to 35°C. The
charging time should not exceed 24 hours.
Overcharging will shorten the battery life.

Warning: Using non-original battery
chargers may lead to leakage,
overheat, smoking, fire or explosion.

Attention: Do not charge the battery
below 0°C.

Battery Connector/Charging Port

Battery Battery Lock

25

Battery Use and Maintenance

Charging Methods

Charging on the Scooter

Open the saddle, open the cover of the
connector, and plug the charger into the
charging socket.

Charging the Battery

Remove the battery from the scooter.
Connect the charger with battery and
socket.

Charging Port

Warning:

All operation should be strictly conform to the user manual. If not, result will be assumed
by user.
Must use original charger
Pay attention to the type of battery and applied voltage. Mixture use is forbidden.
Charging should be in ventilated environment. DO NOT charge in closed space or under
high temperature. DO NOT put charger into trunk or tail box while charging.
While charging, connect battery with charger before connect with electric supply. After full
charged, cut off the electric supply before cut off the battery plug.
When the green light turns on, please cut off the power in time. Avoid long time connection
between charger and AC power supply while not charging.
While charging, if the signal light is abnormal, has different smell or the charger is over
temperature, please stop charging immediately and check or change the charger in time.
When using and storing the charger, please avoid foreign matter, especially water or other
liquid in case of internal short circuit. DO NOT bring charger within scooter, if have to,
please make sure of damping.
DO NOT disassemble or change the parts in charger by yourself.

26

Attention:

If the battery can not be fully charged after 12 hours, please stop charging and contact
your dealer.
To maximize the battery life, please keep the battery percentage within 20% to 80%.
For storage, please keep the battery under 40°C to prevent irreversible capacity loss of
the battery.
M1 battery will lose more capacity in lower temperature conditions. To be more
specific, the usable capacity at -10°C is 70%, 85% at 0°C and 100% at 25°C.
The best battery capacity performance for storage is 50%. Storing battery with less
than 10% or more than 90% over a long period of time will cause irreversible capacity
loss to the battery.
The battery needs to take out from the scooter for storage longer than one week. In
this condition, please keep the battery at the temperature of 0°C to 20°C with capacity
of 30%-70%. It's advised to have at least one cycle of charge and discharge every 2
months to minimize battery capacity loss during storage. If the battery failure is due to

misuse or lack of proper maintenance as instructed, its warranty will be invalidated.

Falling may cause uncontrollable internal damage to the battery and may cause
leakage, overheat, smoking, fire or explosion.

27

DOs and DON'Ts while Riding

Before Riding: Please check the following details before riding.

Check Point Description

Steering

Handlebar

1. Steadiness

2. Steering flexibility

3. No axial displacement or loosening

Braking 1. Braking lever has 5 to 9mm idle travel.

Tyres

1. The air pressure range of both tires is 25 to 34psi.

2. Proper tyre tread depth

3. No cracks or openings

Battery Adequate for planned distance to travel

Lights

Check all the lights—High Beam, Low Beam, Brake Light, Turn Signal
Indicator, etc.

Horn Check whether the horn can work.

28

DOs and DON'Ts while Riding

Braking Precautions

Adjust the scooter upright before applying brakes.
If the tyres are locked and the scooter lose steering ability resulting from excessive braking
force, loosen the grip on the braking lever and the tyres will be working again and the
scooter will be stabilized.
Try to maintain a 1:1 ratio of front and rear braking force on slippery roads.

Warning:

Using the front brake or rear brake only is dangerous because of possible grip or control
loss. Pay extra attention and use the brakes gently when riding on damp, slippery roads
and around corners. Otherwise, riders will be exposed to great danger.

Attention:

Inexperienced riders tend to use the rear brake only, which will accelerate the wear of the
brake and result in a longer braking distance.

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30

Maintenance and Repair

Users are advised to have the scooter checked and maintained on a regular basis, even for
the scooters that are not used for a long time.

Regular Maintenance
Users are advised to have their scooters checked 2 months after purchased or with 500km
travelled distance. Overall check and maintenance is advised to be conducted every 6
months or 3000km thereafter.

Daily Maintenance
If any problem occurs during checks, please look through the Home Repair Instructions or
send the scooter to the dealer’s for checks and maintenance.

Scooter Washing
Please use neutral detergent and water to wash the scooter. Use soft cloth to wipe the
scooter after washing to prevent scratching.

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Attention:

If the scooter is frequently used in overload, high-speed, bumpy or up/downhill riding conditions, the
maintenance cycle should be shortened.
For more guaranteed quality and longer service life, please use original parts, which are under
normal warranty.

Warning:

If incapable of repair or adjustment on his/her own, the scooter owner is advised to send the scooter
to the dealer’s for maintenance and adjustment for the sake of safety.
Always choose a smooth surface road for repair and adjustment. If it’s necessary to repair the scooter

during a ride, please mind the trafc.

Warning:

Do not use pressure washer to wash the scooter, especially around the battery compartment. Do not

ush the rear inner mudguard, where the charger, controller and other parts are installed behind.

If the charging port on the scooter is wetted, please do not charge before the charger dries off.
Contacting your dealer is recommended.

32

Storage Method

Short-term Storage:

Keep the scooter in flat, steady, well-ventilated and dry area.
Charge the battery to 50% full before storage to maximize battery life.
Avoid exposure under sunlight and rain to reduce damage or aging.

Long-term Storage:

Remember to have a cycle of charge and a discharge at least every 2 months and charge the
battery to 50% full before storage to maximize battery life.
Charge the battery to 100% full after long-term storage.
Check all the parts carefully to make sure that there is no problem before riding it. If there's
any problem, take the scooter to your dealer for maintenance or repair.

1

1

2

2

3

3

Warning: Please take out the battery from the scooter when long-term storage.

33

Regular Maintenance Checklist

Regular Safety and

Performance Check

Brakes

Lights

Horn

Electric Parts

Tyres

Structural Check

Lubrication

Wheel Bearing

Vibration Damper

Side Stand

Steering Bearing

Major Parts

Battery

Main Wiring Harness

Control System

Troubleshooting List

Malfunction
Description

Causes Troubleshooting

No output when

switched on

1. Dead battery

2. Batery not connected

3. Alarm failure

1. Charge the battery.

2. Check if it's properly connected

3. Replace Alarm

Motor failure

when turning the

twist grip after

switched on

1. Battery voltage is low

2. The power off switch is
enabled when pulling the
brake lever

3. The Parking Mode has
not been turned off yet

1. Charge the battery.

2. Do not pull the brake lever when
twisting the twist grip.

3. Check “Start the Scooter” section.
Check if the side stand is on.

Battery charge

failure

1. Not properly connected

2. Battery temperature is too
high or too low

1. Check whether the plug is loosened.

2. Wait for it to achieve normal
temperature

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Troubleshooting List

Malfunction

Description

Causes Troubleshooting

Dropping
speed or
range

1. Low battery level

2. Under-inflation of tyres

3. Frequent braking and
overload

4. Battery aging or normal
capacity loss

5. Low battery capacity
resulting from low
temperature

1. Charge the battery and check if the plug
is properly plugged in and whether the
charger is damaged.

2. Check the tyre inflation every time.

3. Develop good riding habits.

4. Replace the battery.

5. Normal situaiton.

Sudden stop
during a ride

Dead battery Charge the battery.

Identify the fault causes in reference to the meter panel fault codes.

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36

Fault Code List

Fault

Code

Meaning Causes Troubleshooting

30

Battery
overcharge

Battery in overcharge
protection

Turn on headlight to discharge. Check
if the charger is broken or wrong type.

31

Battery
overcurrent

Battery in overcurrent
protection

Stop charging and check if the
charger is failed.

32

Charge
overcurrent

Stays in 0°C for over 30
sec or -20°C for over 3 sec

Put the battery indoor until battery
temperature is over -15°C

130

Battery
overdischarge

Battery level is too low and
the BMS is about to enter
protection mode

Stop riding and charge the battery.

131

Battery
overcurrent

Battery is undervoltage or
overvoltage

Check if the charger is failed.

132

Battery over­temperature

Battery temperature is too
high

Stop riding and park the bike in the
shade to let the battery cool down.

37

Fault Code List

Fault
Code

Meaning Causes Troubleshooting

133

Battery below­temperature

Battery temperature is
too low

Charge the battery after it reaches
the operating temperature range.

60

Communication
Module failure

SIM card identification
failure

Contact your dealer.

67

SIM card unpaid or weak
signal

62 GPS failure

63 GPS Antenna short circuit

64 GPS Antenna open circuit

65

SN code are not written
or Smart central
controller serial code are
not written

38

Fault Code List

Fault

Code

Meaning Causes Troubleshooting

10

FOC stop
working

Motor stucked Check if the motor is stucked.

11

Undervoltage or
overvoltage

Check if the charger is intact.

12 Overcurrent Contact your dealer if happens often.

13 Controller overheat

Park the bike in shade and wait for it
to cool down.

110 FOC failure

MOSFET failure

Contact your dealer.

MOSFET driver failure

111

FOC varication

failure

Non-original Controller
or communication failure

Restart the bike. Contact your dealer
if it does not work.

190

FOC
Communication
failure

Can not receive
Controller's data

Contact your dealer.

39

Fault Code List

Fault
Code

Meaning Causes Troubleshooting

120 Motor failure

Motor Hall Sensor failure

Contact your dealer.

Motor cord disconnected

140

Twist Grip
failure

Twist Grip Hall Sensor
failure

Contact your dealer.

191

Battery
communication
failure

BMS can't return data or
returned data is incorrect

Check the Connector is properly
plugged. Contact your dealer if
happens often.

99

Communication
Harness failure

Smart Central Controller
or Harness Assembly
failure

Contact your dealer.

71 Light Control Gyroscope failure Contact your dealer.

161 Locked bike

The bike is remotely locked
by the server.

Contact your dealer.

Troubleshooting List

Malfunction

Description

Causes Troubleshooting

131 displayed Over discharging Stop the scooter and restart later.

132 displayed Battery overtemperature

Stop riding and let the battery cool
down.

133 displayed Battery undertemperature

Charge the battery after it reaches
the operating temperature range.

40

Technical Parameters

1640mm 657mm

1099mm

41

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Key Features

Product Weight 60Kg Gradeability Dynamic: 15°

Rated Voltage 48V Maximum Designed Speed

45km/h
40km/h
25km/h

Maximum Load 100Kg Braking Distance ≤4.5m (30km/h)

Designed Capacity 1 or 2 Persons

Battery System

M1 Sport M1 Pro

Voltage 48V 48V

Capacity 26Ah 32Ah

Standard Charging Current 4A 4A

Maximum Discharging Current 40A 40A

43

Frame

Front Damper Oil Damping Direct Acting Shock Absorber

Rear Damper Rear Mono-Shock

Front Tyre Specifications 90/90-10 Rim: 2.15x10

Rear Tyre Specifications 90/90-10 Rim: 2.15x10

Front Brake Mode 180 mm Dual-Piston Hydraulic Disk Brake

Rear Brake Mode Drum Brake

Minimum Ground
Clearance

126mm

Seat Height 710mm

Power System

M1 Sport M1 Pro

Motor Tailored Motor by Bosch GmbH Tailored Motor by Bosch GmbH

Motor Control Mode FOC Vector Control FOC Vector Control

Motor Rated Power 800W 1200W

Motor Maximum Power 900W 1600W

FOC Controller Max. Current 40A 40A

44

Electrical System

Headlight 12V LED

Turn Indicator 12V LED

Taillight 12V LED

Brake Light 12V LED

Meter Panel 12V LCD

Central Control Unit 12V

USB Charging 5V/1A

45

Maintenance Record

Date

Malfuntion

Description

Causes and

Troubleshooting

Service

Station

Serviced by Remarks

46

Maintenance Record

Date

Malfuntion

Description

Causes and

Troubleshooting

Service

Station

Serviced by Remarks

47

Maintenance Record

Date

Malfuntion

Description

Causes and

Troubleshooting

Service

Station

Serviced by Remarks

48

Maintenance Record

Date

Malfuntion

Description

Causes and

Troubleshooting

Service

Station

Serviced by Remarks

49

V1.4