Netgear RP614v2, RP614v3 User Manual

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

NETGEAR, Inc.

4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA

SM-RP614NA-2 Version 4 .12 February 2003

Trademarks

NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporat io n. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

NETGEAR does not assume any liabi l ity that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

This equipment has b een tested and found to co mply with the limits f or a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential inst allation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the inst ructions, m ay caus e harmful inte rference to radio c ommunic ations. Ho wever, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving an t enna.

• Increase the separation between the equip ment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance

This is to certify that the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the applic ati on of Co un c il Direc tiv e 89/ 336/E EC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the a pplic a tion of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).

Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs

Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.

Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wur de davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.

Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer

It is hereby certified that the Model RP614 v2 We b Safe Router has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/ 1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equi pment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.

Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.

Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This equipment is in the second categor y (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.

When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radi o i nt erference. Read instructions for correct handling.

Customer Support

Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router.

World Wide Web

NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locat or (URL) http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required.

iii

Preface About This Manual

Chapter 1 Introduction

Key Features of the Router ............................................................................................1-1

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................1-2

Security ....................................................................................................................1-2

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™ ...........................................1-3

Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................1-3

Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................1-4

Maintenance and Support ........................................................................................1-4

Package Contents ..........................................................................................................1-4

The Router’s Front Panel .........................................................................................1-5

The Router’s Rear Panel .........................................................................................1-6

Chapter 2 Connecting the Router to the Internet

What You Will Need Before You Begin ...........................................................................2-1

Cabling and Computer Hardware Requirements .....................................................2-1

Computer Network Configuration Requirem ents ..... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...2-1

Internet Configuration Requirements .......................................................................2-2

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? .........................................2-2

Worksheet to Record Your Internet Connection Information ....................................2-3

Connecting the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router .......................................................2-4

PPPoE Wizard-Detected Option ..............................................................................2-8

AOL Wizard-Detected Options ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ......................2-9

Telstra Bigpond Cable Wizard-Detected Option .....................................................2-13

Dynamic IP Wizard-Detected Option .....................................................................2-14

Fixed IP Account Wizard-Detected Option .. ....... ............................................. ...... .2-15

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection ...........................................................2-16

Contents v

Chapter 3 Content Filtering

Content Filtering Overview ....................................... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ......... 3- 1

Blocking Access to Internet Sites ...................................................................................3-2

Blocking Access to Internet Services .............................................................................3-3

Configuring a User Defined Service .........................................................................3-4

Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range ..............................................3-5

Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced .................................................................3-5

Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI), Java, ActiveX, and Cookies Blocking Options ...........3-6

Using SPI .................................................................................................................3-6

Using Java, ActiveX, and cookies Filtering. .............................................................3-7

Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access ...............................................3-7

Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications ..........................................3-9

Chapter 4 Maintenance

Viewing Router Status Information .................................................................................4-1

Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................4-5

Upgrading the Router Software ......................................................................................4-5

Configuration File Management .....................................................................................4-6

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration ...........................................................4-7

Erasing the Configuration .........................................................................................4-8

Changing the Configuration Password ...........................................................................4-8

Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration of the Router

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers ..........................................................5-1

Adding a Custom Service .........................................................................................5-2

Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry .............................................................5-3

Local Web and FTP Server Example .......................................................................5-3

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example ..................................5-3

Configuring the WAN Setup Options ..............................................................................5-4

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server .............................................................................5-4

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ...................................................................5-5

Setting the MTU Size ...............................................................................................5-6

Using the LAN IP Setup Options ....................................................................................5-6

Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ............................................................5-7

vi Contents

Using the Router as a DHCP server ........................................................................5-8

Using Address Reservation ......................................................................................5-9

Using a Dynamic DNS Service .......................................................................................5-9

Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................5-10

Enabling Remote Management Access .......................................................................5-13

Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) ........................................................................5-14

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

Basic Functioning ........................................ ...... ....... ............................................. ...... ...6-1

Power LED Not On ...................................................................................................6-1

Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On .....................................................6-2

LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On ...............................................................................6-2

Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................6-3

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................6-4

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................6-5

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .......................................................................6-5

Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ................................................6-6

Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ........................................................6-7

Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................6-7

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Specifications for the Model RP614 v2 .......................................................................... A-1

Appendix B Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics

Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1

Basic Router Concepts ................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ........................................ B-1

What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-2

Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2

IP Addresses and the Internet ................................................................................. B-2

Netmask ............................ ................................................................. ..................... B -4

Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5

Private IP Addresses ............................................................................................... B-7

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-8

MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9

Related Documents ............................................................................................... B-10

Contents vii

Domain Name Server ............................................................................................ B-10

IP Configuration by DHCP .....................................................................................B-11

Internet Security and Firewalls .....................................................................................B-11

What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11

Stateful Packet Inspection ..................................................................................... B-12

Denial of Service Attack ........................................................................................ B-12

Ethernet Cabling .......................................................................................................... B-13

Uplink Switches and Crossover Cables ................................................................ B-13

Cable Quality ......................................................................................................... B-14

Appendix C Preparing Your Network

Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ....................................................... C-1

Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking .......................................C-2

Install or Verify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-2

Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings ................................. C-4

Selecting Windows’ Internet Acce ss Metho d ........................................... ....... ...... .. C-6

Verifying TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................................C-6

Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ............................................ C-7

Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ......................................................C-15

Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account .......................................................C-18

Are Login Protocols Used? ................................................................................... C-18

What Is Your Configuration Information? .............................................................. C-18

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers .......................C-19

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers .....................C-20

Restarting the Network ................................................................................................ C-21

Glossary Index

viii Contents

Preface

About This Manual

Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR® Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router. The RP614 v2 router provides connection for multiple personal computers (PCs) to the Internet

through an external broadband access device (such as a cable modem or DSL modem) that is normally intended for use by a single PC.

Audience

This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website.

Typographical Conventions

This guide uses the following typographical conventions: italics Media titles, UNIX files, commands, URLs, and directory names. bold times roman User input Internet Protocol (IP) First time an abbreviated term is used.

courier font Screen text , user-typed com mand-line entries.

[Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets. The notation

[Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.

[Ctrl]+C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text

linked with a plus (+) sign.

SMALL CAPS DOS file and directory names.

About This Manual xi

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Special Message Forma ts

This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:

Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.

xii About This Manual

Chapter 1

Introduction

This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router.

Key Features of the Router

The Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router with 4-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem.

The RP614 v2 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts -- both via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restric ted acces s policie s based on ti me-of-day, Website a ddresses a nd address ke ywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers. Network Address Translation (NAT) protects you from hackers.

With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes. The RP614 v2 router provides the following features:

• Easy, web-based setup for installation and management

• Stateful Packet Inspection, Content Filtering, and Site Blocking Security

• Built in 4-port 10/100 Mbps Switch

• Ethernet connection to a wide area network modem

• Extensive Protocol Support

• Login capability

• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade

Introduction 1-1

(WAN) device, such as a cable modem or DSL

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the Model RP614 v2 is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to def end against h acker attacks. Its firewall features in clude:

• Denial of Service Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND

Attack, and IP Spoofing.

• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.

• Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.

• Logs security incidents. The Model RP614 v2 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans,

attacks, and administrator logins. You can configure the router to email the log to you at specified interv als. You can also configure the router t o send immediat e alert mess ages to yo ur email addr ess or email p ager whenever a significant event occurs.

• With its content filtering feature, the Model RP614 v2 prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The r outer al lows you to co ntrol acc ess to Int ernet con tent by scr eenin g for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable In ternet sites.

(DoS) protection.

Security

The RP614 v2 router is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this secti on.

• PCs Hidden by NAT NAT opens a tempo r ary path to th e Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.

• Por t Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number of the incoming request, or to one designated “DMZ” host computer. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.

1-2 Introduction

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™

With its internal 4-port 10/100 switch, the Model RP614 v2 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.

The router incorporate s Auto Uplink

technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a PC or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

Extensive Protocol Support

The RP614 v2 router supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protocol

“Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics.”

• IP Address Sharing by NAT

The RP614 v2 router allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account.

• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP

The RP614 v2 router dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol of PCs on your local network.

(RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, refer to Appendix B,

(DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the

(DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configu ration

• DNS Proxy

When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.

• PPP over Ethernet

(PPPoE)

PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as Entersys or WinPOET on your PC.

Introduction 1-3

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Easy Installation and Management

You can i nstall, configure, and op erate the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router within mi nut es a ft er connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:

• Browser-based management. Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure

your router from almost any type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface.

• Smart Wizard. The RP614 v2 router automatically senses the type of Internet connection,

asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account.

• Visual monitoring. The RP614 v2 router’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor

its status and activity.

Maintenance and Support

NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the RP614 v2 router:

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade

• Free technical support seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day

Package Contents

The product package should contain the following items:

• Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router.

• AC power adapter.

• Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable.

• Model RP614 v2 Resource CD, including:

— This guide. — Application Notes and other helpful information. — AOL v8.0 client software.

• RP614 Cable/DSL Web Safe Router Installation Guide.

• Registration and Warranty Card.

• Support Information Card. If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the

carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the router for repair.

1-4 Introduction

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

The Router’s Front Panel

The front panel of the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router (Figure 1-1) contains status LEDs.

Figure 1-1: RP614 Front Panel

You can use some of the LEDs to verify connections. Viewed from left to right, Tab le 2 des cribes the LEDs on the front panel of the ro uter. These LEDs are green when lit.

Table 2. LED Descriptions

Label Activity Description

Power

Test

Internet

Local

On Off

On (Green) Blink (Green) On (Amber) Blink (Amber) Off

Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router.

The system is initializing. The system is ready and running.

The Internet (WAN) port has detected a 100 Mbps link with an attached device. Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port. The Internet (WAN) port has detected a 10 Mbps link with an attached device. Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port. The Internet (W AN) port in not con necte d or the elec tric power to the devic e to which it is connected is turned off.

The Local (LAN) port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps. The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps. No link is detected on this port.

Introduction 1-5

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

The Router’s Rear Panel

The rear panel of the Model RP614 router (Figure Figure 1-2:) contains port connections.

Figure 1-2: RP614 Rear Panel

Viewed from left to rig ht, the rear panel contains the following features:

• Four Local (LAN) Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local PCs

• Internet (WAN) Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem

• Factory Default Reset push button

• AC power adapter outlet

1-6 Introduction

Chapter 2

Connecting the Router to the Internet

This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You find out how to configure your Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection.

What You Will Need Before You Begin

You need to prepare these three things before you begin:

1. Have active Internet service such as that provided by an cable or DSL broadband account.

2. Locate the Internet Service Provider (ISP) configuration information for your DSL account.

3. Connect the router to a cable or DSL modem and a computer as explained below.

Cabling and Computer Hardware Requirements

To use the RP614 v2 router on your network, each computer must have an installed Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) and an Ethernet cable. If the computer will connect to your network at 100 Mbps, you must use a Category 5 (CAT5) cable such as the one provided with your router.

Computer Network Configuration Requirements

The Model RP614 v2 inclu des a built-in Web Configuration Manager . To access the configuration menus on the Model RP614 v2, your must use a Java-enabled web browser program which supports HTTP uploads such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. NETGEAR recommends using Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above. Free browser programs are readily available for Windows, Macintosh, or UNIX/Linux.

Connecting the Router to the Internet 2-1

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

For the initial c onnect ion to t he Int ernet and confi gurat ion of your router , you wil l need t o connec t a computer to the router which is set to aut omat ic all y get it s TCP/I P conf iguration from the router via DHCP.

Note: For help with DHCP configurati on, pl eas e re fer to Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network”.

The cable or DSL modem broadb and access device mu st provid e a standard 10 Mbps (10BASE-T) or 100 Mbps (100BASE-TX) Ethernet interface.

Internet Configuration Requirements

Depending on how your ISP set up your Internet account, you will need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your router to the Internet:

• Host and Domain Names.

• ISP Login Name and Password.

• ISP Domain Name Server (DNS) Addresses.

• Fixed IP Address which is also known as Static IP Address.

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters?

There are several ways you can gather the required Internet connection information.

• Your ISP provides all the information needed to connect to the Internet. If you cannot locate

this information, you can ask your ISP to provide it or you can try one of the options below.

• If you have a computer already connected using the active Internet access account, you can

gather the configuration information from that computer. — For Windows 95/98/ME, open the Network control panel, select the TCP/IP entry for the

Ethernet adapter, and click Properties. Record all the settings for each tab page.

— For Windows 2000/XP, open the Local Area Network Connecti on, select the TCP/IP entry

for the Ethernet adapter, and click Properties. Record all the settings for each tab page.

— For Macintosh computers, open the TCP/IP or Network control panel. Record all the

settings for each section.

• Y ou may a lso re fer t o th e Model RP 614 v2 Resource CD for the NETGEAR Rout er IS P Guide

which provides Internet connection information for many ISPs.

Once you locate your Internet configu ration par ameters , you may want to rec ord them on the page below.

2-2 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Worksheet to Record Your Internet Connection Information

Print this page. Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP Login Name: The login name an d pas swor d ar e ca se s ens itive and must be entered exact ly as

given by your ISP. For AOL customers, the login name is their primary screen name. Some ISPs use your full e-mail address as the login name. The Service Name is not required by all ISPs. If you connect using a login name and password, then fill in the following:

Fixed or Static IP Address: If you have a static IP address, record the following information. For example, 169.254.141.148 could be a valid IP address.

Fixed or Static Internet IP Address: ______ Gateway IP Address: ______ . ______ . ______ . ______ Subnet Mask: ______ . ______ . ______ . ______

ISP DNS Se rver Addresses: If you were given DNS server addresses, fill in the following: Primary DNS Server IP Address: ______ Secondary DNS Server IP Address: ______ . ______ . ______ . ______

Host and Domain Names: Some ISPs use a specific host or domain name like CCA7324-A or home. If you haven’t been given host or domain names, you can use the following examples as a

guide:

• If your main e-mail account with your ISP is aaa@yyy.com, then use aaa as your host name.

Your ISP might call this your account, user, host, computer, or system name.

• If your ISP’s mail server is mail.xxx.yyy.com, then use xxx.yyy.com as the domain name. ISP Host Name: _________________________

. ______ . ______ . ______

Password: ____________________________

ISP Domain Name: _______________________

Connecting the Router to the Internet 2-3

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Connecting the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

This section provides instructions for connecting the RP614 v2 router. Also, the Model RP614 v2 Resource CD included with your router contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you

through this procedure.

Procedure: Connecting the Router

There are three steps to connecting your router:

1. Connect the router to your network

2. Log in to the router

3. Connect to the Internet

Follow the steps below to c onnect your router to your net work. You can also refe r t o th e Resource CD included with your router which contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure.

1. Connect the router to your network.

a. Turn off your computer and Cable or DSL Modem. b. Disconnect the Ethernet cable (A) from your computer which connects to your cable or

DSL modem.

Cable or DSL modem

Figure 2-1: Disconnect the cable or DSL Modem

2-4 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Connect the Etherne t cabl e fr om your cable or DSL modem to the In ternet port (A) on th e Model RP614 v2.

Cable or DSL modem

Cable/DSL Web Safe Router RP614

Figure 2-2: Connect the cable or DSL Modem to the router

Connect the Ether net ca ble whi ch ca me with the r outer from a Loc al por t on the r outer (B) to your computer.

Cable or DSL modem

Cable/DSL Web Safe Router RP614

Figure 2-3: Connect the computers on your network to the router

Note: The RP614 v2 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically sense if the cable should have a normal connection or an uplink connection. This feat ure eliminate s the need to worry abo ut crossove r cables becaus e Auto Uplink will make the right connection either type of cable.

e. Now, turn on your computer. If software usually logs you in to your Internet connection,

do not run that software or cancel it if it starts automatically.

Connecting the Router to the Internet 2-5

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Verify the following:

When your turn the router on, the power light goes on.

The test light turns on within a few seconds, and then goes off after approximately 10 seconds.

The router’s local lights are lit for any computers that are connected to it.

The router’s Internet light is lit, indicating a link has been established to the cable or DSL modem.

2. Log in to the router.

Note: To connect to the router, your computer needs to be configured to obtain an IP address

automatically via DHCP. If you need instructions on how to do this, please refer to

Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network”.

a. Connect to the router by typing http://192.168.0.1 in the address filed of Internet Explorer

or Netscape® Navigator.

Figure 2-4: Log in to the router

For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the r outer use r name and password for the router password , both in lowe r case letters.

Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection.

2-6 Connecting the Router to the Internet

A login window shown below opens:

Figure 2-5: Login window

3. Connect to the Internet

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Figure 2-6: Setup Wizard

You are now connected to the router. If you do not see the menu above, click the Setup Wizard link on the upper left of the main menu.

b. Click Next and follow the steps in the Setup Wizard for inputting the configuration

parameters from your ISP to connect to the Internet. Note: If you choose not to use the Setup Wizard, you can manually configure your

Internet connection settings by following the procedure “Manually Configuring Your

Internet Connection” on page 2-16.

Unless your ISP automatically assigns your configuration automatically via DHCP, you will need the configuration parameters from your ISP as you recorded them previously in

“Worksheet to Record Your Internet Connection Information” on page 2-3.

Connecting the Router to the Internet 2-7

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

When the router successfully detects an active Internet service, the router’s Internet LED goes on. The Setup Wizard reports which connection type it discovered, and displays the appropriate configuration menu. If the Setup Wizard finds no connection, you will be prompted to check the physic al co nnec tion bet ween your ro uter and t he cab le or DSL li ne.

d. The Setup Wizard will report the type of connection it finds. The options are:

• Connections which require a login using protocols such as

PPPoE, AOL, PPTP, Telstra, or Bigpond broadband connections.

• Connections which use dynamic IP address assignment.

• Connections which use fixed IP address assignment. The procedures for filling in the configuration menu for each type of connection follow

below.

PPPoE Wizard-Detected Option

If the Setup Wizard discovers that your ISP uses PPPoE, you will see this menu:

Figure 2-7: Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE accounts

• Enter the Account Name, Domain Name, Login, and Passwor d as provide d by your ISP. These

fields are case sensitive. The router will try to discover the domain automatically if you leave the Domain Name blank. Otherwise, you may need to enter it manually.

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• To change the login timeout, enter a new value in minutes. This determines how long the

router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN. Entering a timeout value of zero means never log out.

Note: You no longer need to run the ISP’s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in.

• If you know that your ISP does not automat ic al ly t ra nsmit DNS addresses to the router during

login, select “Use these DNS servers” and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also.

Note: If you enter DNS addresses, restart your computers so that these settings take effect.

• Click Apply to save your settings.

• Click Test to verify that your Internet connection works. If the NETGEAR website does not

appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.”

AOL Wizard-Detected Options

Note: If you have an AOL account, any computer connected to the router must use the AOL software to connect to th e Inte rnet t hrough the rou ter. I f you ha ve not a lread y done so, install the AOL so ftwa re on your PC no w. Be sure to in stal l the AOL Home Net work updates as well. AOL v8.0 software is included on the Model RP614 v2 Resource CD which came with your Model RP614 v2.

• If the Setup Wizard discovers that AOL is your ISP, you will see a screen like the one below:

Figure 2-8: AOL detected

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• When the Setup Wizard detects an AOL DSL or Cable service, the RP614 v2 router

automatically pre-configures itself to work with th e AOL service . Note: Services such as AOL which use L2TP tunneling will bypass the firewall feature

included with your router. For additional home network se curity, install the PC-based Freedo m Firewall software application included on your Model RP614 v2 Resource CD.

• Click OK to continue. The filt ering features of the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router are now

turned off. You will notice that the navigation menu now looks like the illustration below.

AOL Supported Feature

Figure 2-9: AOL supported features

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• Next, the router synchronized with the AOL network and displays the message below.

Figure 2-10: AOL network synchronization

• After the router finishes test ing t he connect ion, t he wind ow updat es wit h the AOL Conn ectio n

Established message below.

Figure 2-11: AOL connection established

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• From a computer connected to the router, sign on to AOL as illustrated below.

Select the correct AOL location

Figure 2-12: AOL sign on screen

Note: Be sure that t he AOL Home Networking updates are installed, and be sure to select the correct AOL location: for AOL DSL, choose Home Networking; for AOL Cable, choose Home - Cable.

• This completes the configurati on of the RP614 v2 router for conne cting to your AOL accou nt.

Now, all the computers on your network can share the AOL Internet connection through the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router. To connect to the Internet, run the AOL software on a computer, select Home Network as the location, sign on, and the router will share the connection with others who are connected from different computers on the network.

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Telstra Bigpond Cable Wizard-Detected Option

If the Setup Wizard discovers Telstra Bigpond Cable is your ISP, you will see this menu:

Figure 2-13: Setup Wizard menu for Telstra Bigpond Cable accounts

• Enter your Login, Password and Authentication Server. These fields are case sensitive.

Note: You will no longer need t o launch th e ISP’s login program on your PC in order to acce ss the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will au tomatically lo g you in.

• The Domain Name Server (DNS) Address parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s

services such as mail or news servers. Note: If you enter DNS addresses, restart your computers so that these settings take effect.

• Router MAC Address:

This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port. Some ISPs will register the Ethe rne t M AC add res s of the network interface car d in your PC when your account is first opened. They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that PC. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that PC.

T o change the MAC address, select “Use this Computer’s MAC address.” The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the PC that you are now using. You must be using the one PC that is allowed by the ISP. Or, select “Use this MAC ad dress” and enter it.

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• Click Apply to save your settings.

• Click Test to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR website does not appear within

one minute, refer to Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.

Dynamic IP Wizard-Detected Option

If the Setup W i zar d dis covers that your ISP uses Dynamic IP assi gnme nt, you will see thi s menu:

Figure 2-14: Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address accounts

• Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name. These

parameters may be ne cessary to acc ess your ISP’s services such as mai l or news servers . If yo u leave the Domain Name field blank, the r outer tr y to discover the domain. Ot herwise, yo u may need to enter it manually.

• If you know that your ISP does not automat ic al ly t ra nsmit DNS addresses to the router during

login, select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also.

Note: If you enter DNS addresses, restart your computers so that these settings take effect.

• Click Apply to save your settings.

• Click Test to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR website does not appear within

one minute, refer to Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.”

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Fixed IP Account Wizard-Detected Option

If the Setup Wizard discovers that your ISP uses Fixed IP assignment, you will see this menu:

Figure 2-15: Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address accounts

• Fixed IP is also called Static IP. Enter your assigned IP Address, Subnet Mask, and the IP

Address of your ISP’s gateway router. This information should have been provided to you by your ISP. You will need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in

“Worksheet to Record Your Internet Connection Information” on page 2-3.

• Enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary and Secondary DNS Server addresses.

Note: Restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect.

• Click Apply to save the settings.

• Click Test to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR website does not appear within

one minute, refer to Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.”

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Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection

You can manually co nfi gure you r route r using the menu belo w, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section.

ISP Does Not Require Login

ISP Does Require Login

Figure 2-16: Browser-based configuration Basic Settings menus

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Procedure: Configuring the Internet Connection Manually

You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 2-16 using these steps:

1. Click the Basic Settings link on the Setup menu.

2. If your Internet connection does not require a login, click No at the top of the Basic Settings

menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below. If your Internet conne ction does require a login, click Yes, and skip to step 3.

a. Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name.

These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s services such as mail or news servers.

b. Internet IP Address:

If your ISP has assigned you a permanent, fixed (static) IP address for your PC, select “Use static IP address”. Enter the IP address that y our ISP assigned. Also enter the netmask and the Gateway IP addres s. The Gateway is the ISP’s router to whi ch your router will connect.

c. Domain Name Server (DNS) Address:

If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login, select “Use these DNS servers” and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also.

Note: If you enter an address here, restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect.

d. Gateway’s MAC Address:

This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet po rt. Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interfac e card in your PC when your account is fir st open ed. They wil l then only acce pt tra f fic f rom the MAC address of that PC. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that PC by “cloning” its MAC address.

To change the MAC address, select “Use this Computer’s MAC address.” The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the PC that you are now using. You must be using the one PC that is allowed by the ISP. Or, select “Use this MAC address” and enter it.

e. Click Apply to save your settings.

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If your Internet connectio n does require a login, fi ll in the settings according to the instruc tions below. Select Yes if you normally must launch a login program such as Enternet or WinPOET in order to acc ess the Internet.

Note: After you finish setti ng up your route r, you will no lo nger need to la unch the ISP’s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in.

a. Select you Internet service provisory from the drop-down list.

Figure 2-17: Basic Settings ISP list

The screen will change according to the ISP settings requirements of the ISP you select.

c. Fill in the parameters for your ISP according to th e W izard-detect ed procedures starting on

page 2-8.

d. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Chapter 3

Content Filtering

This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router to protect your network. These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

Content Filtering Overview

The Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router provides you with We b content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, web addresses and web address keywords. You can also block Internet access by applications and services, such as chat or games.

To configure these features of your router, click on the subheadings under the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. The subheadings are described below:

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Blocking Access to Inter net Sites

The RP614 v2 router allows you to restrict access based on web addresses and web address keywords. Up to 255 entries are supported in the Keyword list. The Block Sites menu is shown in

Figure 3-1 below:

Figure 3-1: Block Sites menu

To enable keyword blocking, select either “Per Schedule” or “Always”, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.

To add a keyword or domain, type it in the Keyword box, click Add Keyword, then click Apply. To delete a keyword or domain, select it from the list, click Delete Keyword, then click Apply. Keyword application examples:

• If the keyword "XXX" is specified, the URL <http://www.badstuff.com/xxx.html> is blocked.

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• If the keyword “.com” is specified, only websites with other domain suffixes (such as .edu or

.gov) can be viewed.

• If you wish to block all Inte rnet brows ing access during a sched uled pe riod, e nte r the k eyword

“.” and set the schedule in the Schedule menu.

To specify a Trusted User, enter that PC’s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply.

You may specify one Trusted User, which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging. Since the Trusted User will be identified by an IP address, you should configure that PC with a fixed IP address.

Blocking Access to Internet Services

The RP614 v2 router allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by PCs on your network. This is called services blocking or port filtering. The Block Services menu is shown below:

Figure 3-2: Block Services menu

Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers. For example, Web servers serve web pages, time servers serve time and date information, and game hosts serve data about othe r players ’ moves. When a computer on your net work sends a request for service to a server computer on the Internet, the requested service is identified by a service or por t number. This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets. For example, a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP (Web server) request.

To enable service blocki ng, sel ec t ei ther Per Schedule or Always, then clic k Ap ply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.

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To specify a servi ce for bl ocking, click Add. The Add S erv ic es me nu wi ll appear, as shown below:

Figure 3-3: Add Services menu

From the Service Type list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays several common services, but you are not limited to these choices. To add any additional services or applications that do not already appear, select User Defined.

Configuring a User Defined Service

To define a service, first you must determine which port number or range of numbers is used by the application. The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and published in RFC1700, “Assigned Numbers.” Service numbers for other applicat ions are typical ly ch osen from t he range 1024 to 6553 5 by th e authors of the application. This information can usually be determined by contacting the publisher of the application or from user groups of newsgroups.

Enter the St arting Port and En ding Port numbers. If the appl ication uses a single port number, enter that number in both boxes.

If you know that the appli cation us es either TCP or UDP, select the appropriate p rotocol. I f you are not sure, select Both.

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Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range

Under “Filter Services For”, you can block the specified service for a single PC, a range of PCs (having consecutive IP addresses), or all PCs on your network.

Scheduling When Bl ocking Will Be Enforced

The RP614 v2 router all ows you t o spec ify whe n bloc kin g will be enf orced. The Sche dule menu is shown below:

Figure 3-4: Schedule menu

• Use this schedule for blocking content. Check this box if you wish to enable a schedule for

Content Filtering. Click Apply.

• Days to Block. Select days to block by checking the appropriate boxes. Select Everyday to

check the boxes for all days. Click Apply.

• Time of Day to Block. Select a start and end time in 23:59 format. Select All day for 24 hour

blocking. Click Apply.

Be sure to select your Time Zone in the E-Mail menu.

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Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI), Java, ActiveX, and Cookies Blocking Options

The WAN Setup options let you enable SPI and blocking of Java, ActiveX, and Cookies. These options are discussed below.

Using SPI

Stateful inspection technology tracks each packet traversing the router and makes sure that they are legitimate. A stateful inspection router also monitors the state of the connection and compiles the information in a state table ensuring that the source and destination of each packet is valid. By default, SPI is enabled.

You access the SPI and the Java, ActiveX, and Cookies blocking options from the WAN Setup menu, as shown below.

Figure 3-5: WAN Setup menu.

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Using Java, ActiveX, and cookies Filtering.

What are these items and what can I do about them?

• ActiveX and Java programs can be embedded in websites, and will be executed by your computer. These programs may sometimes include malicious content.

• Cookies are small files that a website can store on your computer to track your activity. Some cookies can be helpful, but some may compromise your privacy.

To block these items, follow these steps:

1. Click WAN Setup link on the Advanced section of the main menu.

2. Type the IP address for that server. To remove the default DMZ server, replace the IP address

numbers wi th all zeros.

3. T o bl ock Acti veX, Java , Cookies , or Web Proxy functions for all Interne t sit es, click the che ck

box next to the function and then click Apply.

Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access

The log is a detailed record of what websites you have accessed or attempted to access. Up to 128 entries are stored in the log. Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled, and no log entries will be made for the Trusted User. An example is shown below:

Figure 3-6: Logs menu

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Log entries are described in Table 3-1

Table 3-1. Log entry descriptions

Field Description

Number The index number of the content filter log entries. 128 entries

are available numbered from 0 to 127. The log will keep the

record of the latest 128 entries. Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded. Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry. Action This field displays whether the access was blocked or allowed.

The name or IP address of the website or newsgroup visited or

attempted to access.

Log action buttons are described in Table 3-2

Table 3-2. Log action buttons

Field Description

Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen. Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries. Send Log Click this button to email the log immediately.

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Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications

In order to receive logs and aler ts by email, you must provide your email information in the E-Mail menu, shown below:

Figure 3-7: Email menu

• Turn e-mail notification on

Check this box if you wish to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router.

• Your outgoing mail server

Enter the name of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com). You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e- mai l program. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.

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• Send to this e-mail address

Enter the e-mail add ress to which l ogs and al erts are sent. Thi s e-mail address will also be used as the From address. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.

You can specify that logs are automatically sent to the specified e-mail address with these options:

• Send alert immediately

Check this box if you would like immediate notification of attempted access to a blocked site.

• Send logs according to this schedule

Specifies how often to send the logs: Hourly, Daily, Weekly, or When Full. – Day for sending log

Specifies which day of the week to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily.

– Time for sending log

Specifies the time of day to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly.

If the Weekly, Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period, the log is automa tically e-mailed to the specified e-mail address. After the log is sent, the log is cleared from the router’s memory. If the router cannot e-mail the log file, the log buffer may fill up. In this case, the router overwrites the log and discards its contents.

The RP614 v2 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time and date from one of several Netwo rk Time Servers on the Internet. In order to localize the time for your log entries, you must specify your Time Zone:

•Time Zone

Select your local time zone. This setting will be used for the blocking schedule and for time-stamp ing log entries.

• Daylight Savings Time

Check this box if your time zone is currently under daylight savings time.

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Chapter 4

Maintenance

This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router. These features can be f ound by clicking on the Mainte nance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

Viewing Router Status Information

The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, click on Maintenance, then select System Status to view the System Status screen, shown below.

Figure 4-1. Router Status screen

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This scree n shows the following par ameters:

Table 4-1. Menu 3.2 - Router Status Fields

Field Description

Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. Internet Port These parameters apply to the Internet (WAN) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the

Internet (WAN) port of the router.

IP Address This fie ld d ispla ys the IP add ress be ing us ed b y th e Inte rne t (WAN) port

of the router. If no address is shown, the router cannot connect to the Internet.

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subn et Mask bein g used by the Inter net (W AN)

port of the router.

DHCP If set to None, the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the

WAN. If set to Client, the router is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP.

LAN Port These parameters apply to the Local (WAN) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the

LAN port of the router.

IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Local (LAN) port of

the router. The default is 192.168.0.1

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local (LAN)

port of the router. The default is 255.255.255.0

DHCP Identifies if the router’s built-in DHCP server is active for the LAN

attached devi ces.

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Click on the “Connection Status” button to display the connection status, as shown below.

Figure 4-2. Connection Status screen

This scree n shows the following statistics:.

Table 4-1. Connection Status Fields

Field Description

IP Address The WAN (Internet) IP Address assigned to the router. Subnet Mask The WAN (Internet) Subnet Mask assigned to the router. Default Gateway The WAN (Internet) default gateway the router communicates with. DHCP Server The WAN (Internet) DHCP Server the router communicates with. DNS Server The WAN (Internet) DNS Server for the router. Lease Obtained When the DHCP lease started. Lease Expires When the DHCP lease will expire.

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Log action buttons are described in Table 4-2

Table 4-2. Connection Status action buttons

Field Description

Release Click the Release button to release th e DHCP lease. Renew Click the Renew button to renew the DHCP lease.

Close Window

Click this button to close the window.

Click on the “Show Statistics” button to display router usage statistics, as shown below.

Figure 4-3. Router Statistics screen

This scree n shows the following statistics:.

Table 4-1. Router Statistics Fields

Field Description

Port The statistics for the WAN (Internet) and LAN (local) ports. For each port, the screen

displays: Status The link status of the port. TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear. RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear. Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear. Tx B/s The current transmission (outbound) bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports. Rx B/s The current reception (inbound) bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports.

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Table 4-1. Router Statistics Fields (continued)

Field Description

Up Time The time elapsed since this port acquired the link.

Poll Interval Speci fie s the intervals at which the st ati sti cs are up dated in this window. Click on Stop

to freeze the display.

Viewing a List of Attached Devices

The Attached Device s men u contains a table of al l IP devices that the router has discovere d on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown below.

Figure 4-4. Attached Devices menu

For each device, the table shows the IP address, NetBIOS Host Name (if available), and Ethernet MAC address. Note that if the router is rebooted, the table data is lost until the router rediscovers the devices. To force the router to look for attached devices, click the Refresh button.

Upgrading the Router Software

The routing software of t he RP614 v2 router is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is re leased b y NETGEAR. Upgrade files can be do wnloaded from Netg ear's web site. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the binary (.BIN) file before sending it to the router. The upgrade file can be sent to the router using your browser.

Note: The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the RP614 v2 router must support HTTP uploads. NETGEAR recommends using Microsof t Interne t Explorer or Netsca pe Navigator

3.0 or above.

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From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown below.

Figure 4-5. Router Upgrade menu

To upload new firmware:

1. Download a nd unzip the new software file from NETGEAR.

2. In the Router Upgrade menu, click the Browse button and browse to the locati on of the binary

(.BIN) upgrade file

3. Click Upload.

Note: When uploading software to the RP614 v2 router, it is important not to interrupt the Web browser by closing the window, clicking a link, or loading a new page. If the browser is interrupted, it may corrupt the software. When the upload is complete, your router will automatically restart. The upgrade process will typically take about one minute.

In some cases, you may need to reconfigure the router after upgrading.

Configuration File Management

The configuration settings of the RP614 v2 router are stored within the router in a configuration file. This file can be saved (backed up) to a user’s PC, retrieved (restored) from the user’s PC, or cleared to factory default settings.

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From the Main Menu of the browser inter fa ce, und er the Main tenance heading, select the Set ti ngs Backup heading to bring up the menu shown below.

Figure 4-6. Settings Backup menu

Three options are available, and are described in the following sections.

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration

The Restore and Backup options in the Sett ings Bac kup menu al low you to save and retr ieve a fi le containing your router’s configuration settings.

To save your settings, select the Backup tab. Click the Backup button. Your browser will extract the configuration file from the router and will prompt you for a location on your PC to store the file. You can give the file a meaningful name at this time, such as pacbell.cfg.

T o r estor e your set tings from a save d conf igura tion file , ente r the f ull path t o the fil e on your PC or click the Browse button to browse to the file. When you have loca ted it, click the Rest ore button to send the file to the router. The router will then reboot automatically.

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Erasing the Configuration

It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to a known blank condition. This can be done by using the Erase function, which will restore all factory settings. After an erase, the router's password will be password, the LAN IP address will be 192.1 68.0.1, and th e router's DHCP clie nt will be enabled.

To erase the configuration, click the Erase button. To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP

address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. See “Restoring the

Default Configuration and Password” on page 6-7.

Changing the Configuration Password

The default password for the router’s Web Configuration Manager is password. Netgear recommends that you change this password to a more secure password.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Set Password to bring up the menu shown below.

Figure 4-7. Set Password menu

T o change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice. Click Apply.

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Chapter 5

Advanced Configuration of the Router

This chapter desc ri bes how to configure the a dva nce d f eat ures of your Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router. These feature s can be fo und under th e Advanced he ading in t he Main Menu of the browser interface.

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Serve rs

Although the router ca use s your ent ir e lo cal network to appear as a single machine to the Internet, you can make a local server (for exampl e, a web server or ga me server) vis ible and avai lable to the Internet. This is done using the Port Forwarding menu. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Port Forwarding to view the port forwarding menu, shown below.

Figure 5-1: Port Forwarding Menu

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Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing, refer to Appendix B,

“Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics,” to become mor e familiar wi th the terms and

procedures used in this manual.

Use the Port Forwardi ng me nu to config ure t he rou ter t o for ward i ncoming p rotoc ols t o comp uters on your local network. In addition to servers for specific applications, you can also specify a Default DMZ Server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded. The DMZ Server is configured in the Security Menu.

Before starting, you'l l ne ed t o determine which type of serv ic e, app li cat i on or game you'll provide and the IP address of the computer that will provide each service. Be sure the computer’s IP address never changes. To configure port forwarding to a local server:

1. From the Service & Game box, select the service or game that you will host on your network.

If the service does not appear in the list, refer to the following section, “Adding a Custom

Service”.

2. Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box.

3. Click the Add button.

Adding a Custom Service

To define a service, game or application that does not appear in the Services & Games list, you must determine what port numbers are used by the service. For this information, you may need to contact the manufacturer of the program that you wish to use. When you have the port number information , follow these steps:

1. Click the Add Custom Service button.

2. Enter the first port number in an unused Start Port box.

3. To forward only one port, enter it again in the End Port box. To specify a range of ports, enter

the last port to be forwarded in the End Port box.

4. Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box.

5. Type a name for the service.

6. Click Apply at the bottom of the menu.

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Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry

To edit or delete a Port Forwarding entry, follow these steps.

1. In the table, select the button next to the service name.

2. Click Edit or Delete.

Local Web and FTP Server Example

If a local PC with a pr ivate IP addr ess of 192.168.0 .33 a cts as a Web and FTP server, config ure th e Ports menu to forward HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21) to local address 192.168.0.33

In order for a remote user to access this server from the Internet, the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP. If this address is 172.16 .1.23 , for exa mp le, an Internet user can access your Web server by directing the browser to http://172.16.1.23. The assigned IP address can be found in the Maintenance Status Menu, where it is shown as the WAN IP Address.

Some consid erations for this applicat ion are:

• If your account’s IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP, the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires.

• If the IP address of the local PC is ass igned by DHCP, it may change when the PC is reboot ed. To avoid this, you can manually configure the PC to use a fixed address.

• Local PCs must access the local serv er using the PCs’ local LAN addres s (192.168 .0.33 in this example). Attempts by local PCs to acc ess the server using the external IP address (172.16.1.23 in this example) will fail.

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example

To set up an additional computer to play Half Life, KALI or Quake III:

1. Click the button of an unused port in the table.

2. Select the game again from the Services/Games list.

3. Change the beginning port number in the Start Port box.

For these games, use the supplied number in the default listing and add +1 for each additional computer. For example, if you've already configured one computer to play Hexen II (using port 26900), the second computer's port number would be 26901, and the third computer would be 26902.

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Type the same port number in the End Port box that you typed in the Start Port box.

5. Type the IP address of the additional computer in the Server IP Address box.

6. Click Apply.

Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The RP614 v2 router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other appli cati ons th at may not f unctio n well . In s ome cas es, one lo cal P C can r un the application properly if that PC’s IP address is entered as the default in the PORTS Menu. If one local PC acts as a game or videoconferencing host, enter its IP address as the default.

Configuring the WAN Setup Options

The WAN Setup options let you configure a DMZ server, change the MTU size and enable the router to respond to a Ping on the WAN port. These options are discussed below.

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server

The default DMZ server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are in compatible wit h NAT . The route r is progr ammed to rec ognize some o f these applications and to wor k p roperly with t hem, but th ere are other appli cati ons t hat may not funct ion well. In some cases, one local PC can r un the appl ication properly i f that PC’s IP addr ess is ent ered as the default DMZ server.

Note: DMZ servers pose a security risk. A computer designated as the default DMZ server loses much of the protection of the firewall, and is exposed to exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the DMZ server can be used to attack your network.

Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu. Instead of discardin g this t raffi c, you ca n have it forw arded to one computer on you r network. This computer is called the Default DMZ Server.

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The WAN Setup menu, shown below lets you configure a Default DMZ Server.

Figure 5-2: WAN Setup menu.

To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server, follow these steps:

1. Click WAN Setup link on the Advanced section of the main menu.

2. Type the IP address for that server. To remove the default DMZ server, replace the IP address

numbers wi th all zeros.

3. Click Apply.

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port

If you want the router to respond to a 'ping' from the Internet, click the ‘Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port’ check box. This should only be used as a diagnostic tool, since it allows your router to be discovered. Don't check this box unless you have a specific reason to do so.

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Setting the MTU Size

The default MTU size i s usua ll y fine. The normal MTU (Maxi m um Transmit Unit) va lue for most Ethernet networks is 15 00 Bytes. Fo r some ISPs , part icula rly some u sing PPPoE, you may need t o reduce the MTU. This should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary by your ISP.

Any packets sent through the router that are larger than the configured MTU size will be repackaged into smaller p ackets to meet the MTU requ irement. To change the MTU size:

1. Under MTU Size, enter a new size between 64 and 1500.

2. Click Apply to save the new configuration.

Using the LAN IP Setup Options

The second feature category under the Advanced heading is LAN IP Setup. This menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on LAN IP Setup to view the LAN IP Setup menu, shown below.

Figure 5-3: LAN IP Setup Menu

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Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters

The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side, and to act.as a DHCP server. The router’s default LAN IP configuration is:

• LAN IP addresses—192.168.0.1

• Subnet mask—255.255.255.0

These addresses ar e p art of the IETF-designated private address range fo r use in private networks, and should be suit able in mos t appl ic ations . If yo ur net work has a requ irement to us e a different IP addressing scheme, you can make those changes in this menu.

The LAN IP pa rameters are:

• IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router.

• IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Sub net Mask of the rou ter. Comb ined with the IP address, the IP Sub net Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it, and which must be reached through a gateway or router.

• RIP D irection RIP (Router Informat ion Prot ocol) allows a router to exc hange routing information wi th other routers. The RIP Direction selection controls how the router sends and receives RIP packets. Both is the default.

— When set to Both or Out Only, the router will broadcast its routing table periodically. — When set to Both or In Only, it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives. — When set to None, it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets

received.

• RIP Version This controls the fo rm at and the broadcasting met hod of the RIP packets that the ro uter sends. (It recognizes both formats when receiving.) By default, this is set for RIP-1.

— RIP-1 is universally sup por ted. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you

have an unusual network setup.

— RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting.

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Note: If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the browser, you will be disconnected. You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again.

Using the Router as a DHCP server

By default, the router will function as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, allowing it to assign IP, DNS server, and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router's LAN. The assigned defa ult gateway address is t he LAN address of the rout er. IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu. Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN.

For most applications, the def ault DHCP and TCP/I P settin gs of the ro uter are satisfa ctory. See “IP

Configuration by DHCP” on page B- 1 1 for an expl anation of DHCP and information ab out how to

assign IP addresses for your network. If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the

network settings of all of your computers, clear the ‘Use router as DHCP server’ check box. Otherwise, leave it checked.

Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address. These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the router’s LAN IP address. Using th e d efa ul t addressing scheme, you should define a range be twee n 192.168.0.2 and

192.168.0.253, although you may wish to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses.

The router will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP:

• An IP Address from the range you have defined

• Subnet Mask

• Gateway IP Address (the router’s LAN IP address)

• Primary DNS Server (if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu; otherwise , the router’s LAN IP ad dress)

• Secondary DNS Server (if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu

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Using Address Reservation

When you specify a reserved IP address for a PC on the LAN, that PC will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router’s DHCP server. Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings.

To reserve an IP address:

1. Click the Add button.

2. In the IP Address box, type the IP address to assign to the PC or server.

(choose an IP address from the router’s LAN subnet, such as 192.168.0.X)

3. Type the MAC Address of the PC or server.

(Tip: If the PC is already present on your network, you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here.)

4. Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table.

Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew.

To edit or delete a reserved address entry:

1. Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete.

2. Click Edit or Delete.

Using a Dynamic DNS Service

If your network has a permanently assigned IP address, you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers (DNS). However, if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address, you will not know in advance what your IP address will be, and the address can change frequently. In this case, you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service, who will allow you to register your domain to their IP address, and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequently-changing IP address.

Note: If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address (such as 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x),

the dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet.

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The router contains a client that can connect to many popular dynamic DNS services. You can select one of these services and obtain an account with them. Then, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider, log in to your account, and register your new IP address.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Dynamic DNS. To configure Dynamic DNS:

1. Register for an account with one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear

in the ‘Select Service Provider’ box. For example, for dyndns.org, go to www.dyndns.org.

2. Select the Use a dynamic DNS service check box.

3. Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider.

4. Type the Host Name (or domain name) that your dynamic DNS service provider gave you.

5. Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account.

6. Type the Password (or key) for your dynamic DNS account.

7. If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL, you may

select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org

8. Click Apply to save your configuration.

Configuring Static Routes

Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router. Under normal circumstances, the router has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access, and you do not need to configure additional static routes. You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network.

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From the Main Menu of the browser inter face , under Advanc ed, click on S ta tic Routes t o view the Static Route menu, shown below.

Figure 5-4. Static Route Summary Table

To add or edit a Static Route:

1. Click the Add button to open the Add/Edit Menu, shown below.

Figure 5-5. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu

Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table.

(This is for identification purpose only.)

3. Select Private if you want to lim it access to th e LAN only. The static route wil l not be reported

in RIP.

4. Select Active to make this route effective.

5. Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination.

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Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination. If the destination is a single host, type 255.255.255.255.

7. T ype the Gat eway IP Address , which must be a router on th e same LAN segment as t he router.

8. Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value.

This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination. Usually, a setting of 2 or 3 works, but if this is a direct connection, set it to 1.

9. Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table.

As an example of when a static route is needed, consider the following case:

• Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP.

• You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where

you are employed. This router’s address on your LAN is 192.168.0.100.

• Your company’s network is 134.177.0.0.

When you first configur ed your r outer , two impl icit stat ic rou tes wer e crea ted. A defaul t rout e was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.0.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the

134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the ISP. The ISP forwards your

request to the company where you are employed, and the request will likely be denied by the company’s firewall.

In this case you must define a static route, telling your router that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100. The static route would look like Figure 5-5.

In this example:

• The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.

• The Gateway IP A ddress fields specifies that all traffic for t hese address es should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100.

• A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN.

• Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated.

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Enabling Remote Management Access

Using the Remote Management page, you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure, upgrade and check the status of your RP614 v2 router.

Note: Be sure to change the router's default configuration password to a very secure password. The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of letters (both upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols. Your password can be up to 30 characters.

To configure your router for Remote Management:

1. Select the Turn Remote Management On check box.

2. Specify what external addresses will be allowed to access the router’s remote management.

Note: For enhanced sec urity, restrict access to as few extern al IP addresse s as practical.

a. To allow access from any IP address on the Internet, select Everyone. b. To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet, select IP address range.

Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range.

c. To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet, select Only this PC.

Enter the IP address that will be allowed access.

3. Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface.

Web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80. For greater security, you can change the remote management web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided. Choose a number between 1024 and 65535, but do not use the number of any common service port. The default is 8080, which is a common alternate for HTTP.

4. Click Apply to have your changes take effect.

Note: When accessing your router from the Internet, you will type your router's WAN IP address into your browser's Address (in IE) or Locat ion (in Netscape) box, followed by a col on (: ) and the custom port number. For example, if your external address is 134.177.0.123 and you use port number 8080, you must enter in your browser:

http://134.177.0.123:8080

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Using Universal Plug and Pla y (UPnP)

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) helps devices, such as Internet appliances and computers, access the network and connect to other devices as needed. UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network.

Figure 5-6. UPnP Menu

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on UPnP. Set up UPnP according to the guidelines below.

Turn UPnP On: UPnP can b e e nabled or di sabled fo r aut omatic device confi gurat ion. The de fault setting for UPnP is enabled. If disabled, the router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources, such as port forwarding (mapping), of the router.

Advertisement Period: T he Adver tisemen t Per iod i s how of ten t he rou ter wi ll br oadcas t it s UPnP information. This value can range from 1 to 1440 minutes. The default period is 30 minutes. Shorter durations will ensure that control points have current device status at the expense of additional network tr affic . Longer duratio ns may compromise the freshness of the device st atus but can significantly reduce network traffic.

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Advertisement Time To Live: The time to live for the advertisement is measured in hops (steps) for each UPnP packet sent. The time to live hop count is the number of st eps a broadcast packet is allowed to propagate for each UPnP advertisement before it disappears. The number of hops can range from 1 to 255. The default value for the advertisement time to live is 4 hops, which should be fine for most home networks. If you notice that some devices are not being updated or reached correctly, then it may be n ecessary to increase this value a little.

UPnP Portmap T able : The UPnP Port map Table displays the IP address of e ach UPnP devi ce that is currently accessing the router and which ports (Internal and External) that device has opened. The UPnP Portmap Table also di splays what type of port is opened and if that po rt is still active fo r each IP address.

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Chapter 6

Troubleshooting

This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem.

Basic Operation

After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur:

1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power LED is on.

2. Verify that the Test LED lights within a few seconds, indicating that the self-test

procedure is running.

3. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: a. The Test LED is not lit. b. The LAN port LEDs are lit for any local ports that are connected. c. The WAN port LED is lit.

If a port’s LED is lit, a l ink has been established to the connected devi ce. If an Ethernet port is connected to a 100 Mbps de vice, veri fy that th e port’s LED is green. If the port is 10 Mbps, the LED will be amber.

If any of these conditions does not occur, refer to the appropriate following section.

Power LED Not On

If the Power and other LEDs are off when your router is turned on:

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• Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet.

• Check that you are usin g t he 7.5 V DC power adapter su ppl ied by NETGEAR for this product.

If the error persists, you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On

When the router is turned on, the Test LED turns on for ab out 10 seconds and then tu rns off. If the Test LED does not turn on, or if it stays on, there is a fault within the router.

If you experience problems with the Test LED:

• Cycle the power to see if the router recovers and the LED blinks for the correct amount of time.

If all LEDs including th e Test LED are still on one minute after power up:

• Cycle the power to see if the router recovers.

• Clear the router’s configuration to factory de faults. This w ill set the router’s IP address to

192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Restoring the Default Configuration and

Password” on page 6-7.

If the error persists, you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On

If either the LAN LEDs or WAN LED do not light when the Ethernet connection is made, check the following:

• Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the hub or workstation.

• Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation.

• Be sure you are using the correct cable: — When connecting the router’s WAN port to a cable or DSL modem, use the cable that was

supplied with the cable or DSL modem. This cable could be a standard straight-through Ethernet cable or an Ethernet crossover cable.

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Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface

If you are unable to access the router’s Web Configuration interface from a PC on your local network, check the following:

• Check the Ethernet connection between the PC and the router as described in the previous section.

• Make sure your PC’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router. If you are using the recommended addressing scheme, your PC’s address should be in the range of 192.168.0.2 to

192.168.0.254. Refer to “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page 4-5 or “Verifying TCP/IP

Properties (Macintosh)” on page 4-8 to find your PC’s IP address. Follow the instructions in Chapter 4 to configure your PC.

Note: If your PC’s IP address is shown as 169.254.x.x: Recent versions of Windows and

MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server. These auto-generated addresses are in the range of 169.254.x.x. If your IP address is in this range, check the connection from the PC to the router and reboot your PC.

• If your router’s IP address has been changed and you don’t know the current IP address, clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to

192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Restoring the Default Configuration and

Password” on page 6-7.

• Make sure your browser has Java, JavaScript, or ActiveX enabled. If you are using Internet Explorer, click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded.

• Try quitting the browser and launching it again.

• Make sure you are using the correct login information. The factory default login name is admin and the password is password. Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information.

If the router does not save changes you have made in the Web Configuration Interface, check the following:

• When entering configuration settings, be sure to click the APPLY button before moving to another menu or tab, or your changes are lost.

• Click the Refresh or Reload button in the Web browser. The changes may have occurred, but the Web browser may be caching the old configuration.

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Troubleshooting the ISP Connection

If your router is unable to acces s the Inte rnet, you sho uld first det ermine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the Web Configuration Manager.

To check the WAN IP address:

1. Launch your browser and select an external site such as www.netgear.com

2. Access the Main Menu of the router’s configuration at http://192.168.0.1

3. Under the Maintenance heading, select Router Status

4. Check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port

If 0.0.0.0 is shown, your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP.

If your router is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, you may need to force your cable or DSL modem to recognize your new router by performing the following procedure:

1. Turn off power to the cable or DSL modem.

2. Turn off power to your router.

3. Wait five minutes and reapply power to the cable or DSL modem.

4. When the modem’s LEDs indicate that it has reacquired sync with the ISP, reapply power to

your router.

If your router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, the problem may be one of the following:

• Your ISP may require a login program. Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) or some other type of login.

• If your ISP requires a login, you may have incorrectly set the login name and password.

• Your ISP may check for your PC's host name. Assign the PC Host Name of your ISP account as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu.

• Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet, and may check for your PC’s MAC address. In this case:

Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address.

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OR Configure your route r to spoo f your PC’s MAC address. This can be done in the Bas ic Setti ngs

menu. Refe r to “Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 2-16.

If your router can obtain an IP address, but your PC is unable to load any web pages from the Internet:

• Your PC may not recognize any DNS server addresses. A DNS server is a host on the Intern et that tr ans la te s Int er net names (su ch as www addres ses )

to numeric IP addresses. Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot your PC and verify the DNS address as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page

4-5. Alternatively, you may configure your PC manually with DNS addresses, as explained in

your operating system documenta ti on.

• Your PC may not have the router configured as its TCP/IP gateway. If your PC obtains its information from the router by DHCP, reboot the PC and verify the

gateway address as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page 4-5.

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility

Most TCP/IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device. The device then responds with an echo reply. Troubleshooting a TCP/IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your PC or workstation.

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router

You can ping the router from your PC to verify that the LAN pa th to your router is set up correctly. To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later:

1. From the Windows toolbar, click on the Start button and select Run.

2. In the field provided, type Ping followed by the IP address of the router, as in this example:

ping 192.168.0.1

3. Click on OK.

You should see a message like this one:

Pinging <IP address> with 32 bytes of data

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If the path is working, you s ee this messag e:

Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx

If the path is not working, you see this message:

Request timed out

If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems:

• Wrong physical connections

— Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN

or WAN Port LEDs Not On” on page 6-2.

— Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and

for the hub ports (if any) that are connected to your workstation and router.

• Wrong network configuration

— Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP/IP software are both installed

and configured on your PC or workstation.

— Verify that the IP address for your router and your works tati on are cor rect and that the

addresses are on the same subnet.

Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device

After verifying that the LAN path works correctly, test the path from your PC to a remote device. From the Windows run menu, type:

PING -n 10 <IP address>

where <IP address> is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP’s DNS server. If the path is functioning correctly, replies as in the previous section are displayed. If you do not

receive replies:

— Check that your PC has t he IP addre ss of y our router listed as the def ault gate way. If the IP

configuration of yo ur PC is as signed by DHCP, this information wil l not be vis ible in your PC’ s Networ k Control Panel. Verify that the IP add ress of the ro ute r is l isted as the d efaul t gateway as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page 4-5.

— Check to see that the network address of your PC (the portion of the IP address specified

by the netmask) is different from the network address of the remote device.

— Check th at your cable or DSL modem is conne cted and functioning.

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— If your ISP assigned a ho st name t o your PC, e nter t hat ho st name a s the Acc ount Name i n

the Basic Settings menu.

— Your ISP could b e reject in g the Ethern et MAC a ddress es of al l but one of yo ur PCs. Man y

broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your broadband modem, but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single PC connected to that modem. If this is the case, you must configure your router to “clone” or “spoof” the MAC address from the authorized PC. Refer to “Manually

Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 2-16.

Restoring the Default Configuration and Passwor d

This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings, changing the router’s admin istrati on passwor d to password and the IP address to 192. 168.0.1. You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways:

• Use the Erase function of the router (see “Erasing the Configuration” on page 4-8).

• Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known.

To restore the factory default configuration settin gs wit hout k nowin g the ad mi ni st rat io n password or IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router.

1. Press and hold the Default Reset button until the Test LED turns on (about 10 seconds).

2. Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot.

Problems with Date and Time

The E-Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day. The RP614 v2 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet. Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day. Problems with the date and time function can include:

• Date shown is January 1, 2000. Cause: The router has not yet success ful ly reach ed a Networ k Time Serv er. Check t hat you r Int ernet acces s set tings are co nfigur ed corre ctly. If you have just completed configuring the router, wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again.

• Time is off by one hour. Cause: The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings Time. In the E-Mail menu, check or uncheck the box marked “Adjust for Daylight Savings Time”.

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6-8 Troubleshooting

Appendix A

Technical Specifications

This appendix provides technical specifications for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router.

Specifications for the Model RP614 v2

The table bel ow lists the tec hnical specifications for the Model RP614 v2.

Network Protocol and Standards Co mpatibility

Data and Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, RIP-1, RIP-2, DHCP, PPTP, Telstra BigPond,

PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)

Power Adapter

North America: 120V, 60 Hz, input United Kingdom, Australia: 240V, 50 Hz, input Europe: 230V, 50 Hz, input Japan: 100V, 50/60 Hz, input All regions (output): 7.5 V DC @ 1A output, 20W maximum

Physical Specifications

Technical Specifications A-1

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Dimensions: 28 x 175 x 118 mm (1.1 x 6.89 x 4.65 in.) Weight: 0.3 kg (0.66 lb)

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature: 32°-140° F (0° to 40° C) Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing

Electromagnetic Emissions

Meets requirements of: FCC Part 15 Class B

VCCI Class B EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B

Interface Specifications

Local: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45 Internet: 10BASE-T, RJ-45

A-2 Technical Specifications

Appendix B

Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics

This appendix provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and firewalls.

Related Publications

As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that def ines the a rchitect ure and oper ation of t he Interne t. The RFC documents outline and define th e standard pr otocols and pr ocedures for the Internet. The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide.

Basic Router Concepts

Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network (LAN). Howev er, providing high bandwidt h b etween a loc al ne twork a nd the Inte rnet can be very expensive. Because of this e xpense, Internet access is usually prov ided by a slower-speed wide-area network slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for sel ecting and transmit ting only t he data t raf fic meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.

Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics B-1

(WAN) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to mak e the bes t use of the

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

What is a Router?

A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and o n routing tables main tai ne d by the router. In these routing tables, a r out er builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.

Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of physical WAN connection they support.

Routing Information Protocol

One of the protocols used by a router to b uil d a nd mai ntain a picture of the net w ork is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table.

The RP614 v2 router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols. RIP is not required for most home applications.

IP Addresses and the Internet

Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sur e that t ransmit ted dat a reache s the corr ect des tinat io n. Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Individual users an d s ma ll organizations may ob tai n t heir addresses either fr om t he I ANA or fr om an Internet service provider

The Internet Protocol notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form, separated by decimal points.

For example, the following binary address:

11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111

is normally written as:

195.34.12.7

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(ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.

(IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot

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The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer. In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address

identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application.

There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP software to identify the address class. After the address class has been determined, the software can correctly identify the host section of the address. The follow figure shows the three main address classes, including network and host sections of the address for each address type.

lass A

etwork Node

lass B

Network Node

lass C

Network Node

Figure 6-1: Three Main Address Classes

The five address classes are:

•Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range:

1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.

•Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-bit network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range:

128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.

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•Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range:

192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x.

•Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messag es sent to many hosts) . Class D addresses are in this range:

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

•Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use.

This addressing s tr uct ur e a ll ows I P addresses to uniquely i dentify each physical network and each node on each physical network.

For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host. Also, the top address of the range (host address of all ones) is not assigned, but is used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address.

Netmask

In each of the address classes previously described, the size of the two parts (network address and host address) is implied by the class. Thi s pa rt it ioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated wit h the I P addres s. A netmas k is a 32-b it quant ity th at, when logicall y combined (usi ng an AND operator) with an IP address, yields the network address. For instance, the netmasks for Class A, B, and C addresses are 255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, and 255.255.255.0, respectively.

For example, the address 192.168.170.237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits. When combine d (usi ng an AND op erato r) with the Class C ne tmask, as sho wn here, only the network portion of the address remains:

11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 (192.168.170.237)

combined with:

11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 (255.255.255.0)

Equals:

11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 (192.168.170.0)

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As a shorter alternat ive to dotted-decimal n ota ti on, t he netmask may also be expressed i n terms of the number of ones fro m the left. This number is appended to the IP a ddress, fo llowing a ba ckward slash ( / ), as “/n.” In the example, the address could be written as 192.168.170.237/24, indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros.

Subnet Addressing

By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hos ts per networ k. Such a struct ure is an inef fic ient use of ad dresses if each end of a routed link re quires a dif ferent n etwork number. It is unlikely that the sma ller of fice LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.

Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.

lass B

Network Subnet Node

Figure 6-2: Example of Subnetting a Class B Address

A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For example, the IP address of 172.16.0.0 is assigned, but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum, allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet addre ss. The IP add ress of 172.16 .97.235 would be interpr eted as IP network address 172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending the number of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization.

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Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. Fo r instance, to partition a C lass C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.

Note: The number 192.68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the first subnet. The number 192.68 .135.128 is not assigned because it is th e net wo rk address of the second subnet.

The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the ori ginal class netma sk and re place t he 0 value oc tets wi th the dotted -de cimal value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240.

Table 6-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet

Number of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value

1 128 2 192 3 224 4 240 5 248 6 252 7 254 8 255

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The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the masklength formats.

Table 6-2. Netmask Formats

Dotted-Decimal Masklength

255.0.0.0 /8

255.255.0.0 /16

255.255.255.0 /24

255.255.255.128 /25

255.255.255.192 /26

255.255.255.224 /27

255.255.255.240 /28

255.255.255.248 /29

255.255.255.252 /30

255.255.255.254 /31

255.255.255.255 /32

NETGEAR strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons:

• So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets. When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local

network address with all one s for t he host a ddress. I n order f or this scheme t o work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address.

• So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote.

Private IP Addresses

If your local network is isolat ed f rom the Int ern et (for exampl e, when usin g NAT), you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the IANA has reserved the following three block s of IP addres ses specifically for priv ate network s:

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

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NETGEAR recommends that you choose your private network number from this range. The DHCP server of the RP614 v2 router is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses.

Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines explained here. For more information about address assignment, refer to RFC 1597,

Address Allocatio n for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) publishes RFCs on its Web site at

www.ietf.org.

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT

In the past, if multiple PC s on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneous ly, you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP. This type of Internet account is more costly than a single-address account typically used by a single user with a modem, rather than a router. The RP614 v2 router employs an address-sharing method called Network Address Translation (NAT). This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP.

The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globa ll y uni que on the Int ernet. The internal LAN IP addresses can be eit her private add resses or registered addr esses. For more information about IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).

The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation.

B-8 Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics

92.168.0.2

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Private IP addresses assigned by user

IP addresses assigned by ISP

92.168.0.3

92.168.0.4

92.168.0.5

192.168.0.1 172.21.15.105 Internet

Figure 6-3: Single IP Address Operation Using NAT

This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection. All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router. This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system. However, using port forwarding, you can allow one PC (for example, a Web server) on your local network to be accessible to outside users.

MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol

An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another. To send data between LAN devices, you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control (MAC) address. Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address, which is a 48-bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer. The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution. Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol

(ARP) to resolve MAC add resses.

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If a device sends data to another st ation on the network and the dest ination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is br oadcas t onto the network. Al l stat ions on the network receive and read t he reques t. The de stinati on IP addre ss for th e chosen st ation is incl uded as par t of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations discard the request.

Domain Name Server

Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www.NETGEAR.com. This addressing is very helpful at the application level, but the descriptive name must be translat ed to an IP addr ess i n order for a user to a ctual ly cont ac t the resou rce. J ust as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers, or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses, a domain name system resources to IP addres ses.

When a PC accesses a resource by its des cript ive name, it first contact s a DNS server to obt ain the IP address of the resource. The PC sends the desired message using the IP address. Many large organizations, such as ISPs, maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses.

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(DNS) server maps descriptive names of network

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IP Configuration by DHCP

When an IP-based local area net work i s ins ta ll ed, ea ch PC must be conf igured with an IP address. If the PCs need to access the Internet, they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addr esses. As a n alterna tive to manu al configu ration, t here is a met hod by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information. A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server stores a li st or pool of IP addr esses, al ong with ot her infor mation (such as ga teway and DNS addresses) that it may assign to the other devices on the network. The RP614 v2 router has the capacity to act as a DHCP server.

The RP614 v2 router also funct ions as a DHCP client when connect ing to the IS P. The firewall can automatically obtain an IP address, subnet mask, DNS server addresses, and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP.

(DHCP) server. The DHCP

Internet Security and Firewalls

When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router, an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network. A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the Network Address Translation shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet. However, there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obtain information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet access. A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router.

(NAT) process, the network behind the NAT router is

What is a Firewall?

A firewall is a device that protects one network from another, while allowing communication between the two. A firewall incorpor ates the functions of the NAT router, whil e adding feature s for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack. Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur. When an incident is detected, the firewall can log details of the attempt, and can optionally send e-mail to an administrator notifying them of the incident. Using information from the log , the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker. In some types of intrusions, the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker’s IP address for a period of time.

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Stateful Packet Inspection

Unlike simple Internet sharing ro uters, a firewal l uses a proc ess calle d statef ul packet i nspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions. Since user-level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic, it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states. Using stateful packet inspec tion, an incom ing packet is intercepte d at the netw ork layer and then analyzed for state-related information associated with all network connections. A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections. All traffic pa ssing thro ugh the fir ewall is a nalyzed aga inst the s tate of th ese conn ections i n order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or be rejected.

Denial of Service Atta ck

A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more reque st s th an it can ha ndle. A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some wea knes s i n t he oper at in g system used by your router or gateway. Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information.

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Ethernet Cabling

Although Ethernet netw orks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable, mos t installat ions currently use unshielded twisted pair four twisted pairs, and terminated with an RJ45 type connector. A normal straight-through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EIA568B standard wiring as described in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1. UTP Ethernet cable wiring, straight-through

Pin Wire color Signal

1 Orange/White Transmit (Tx) + 2 Orange Transmit (Tx) 3 Green/White Receive (Rx) + 4Blue 5 Blue/White 6 Green Receive (Rx) 7 Brown/White 8Brown

(UTP) cabling. The UTP cable contains eight conductors, arranged in

Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching

In the wiring table above, the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC, which is wired as Media De pendant In terface

2. At the hub, the perspective is reversed, and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2. This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface - Crossover

When connecting a PC to a PC, or a hub port to another hub port, the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair. This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms. Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port, allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable. The second method is to use a crossover cable, which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors. Crossover cables are often unmarked as such, and must be identified by comparing the two connect ors. Si nce the c able con nector s are cl ear pl astic , it is easy to place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each. On a straight-through cable, the color order will be the same on both connect ors . On a cross over cable, the orange and blue pairs wil l be exchanged from one connector to the other.

Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics B-13

(MDI). In this wiring, the PC t ransmits o n pins 1 and

(MDI-X).

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The RP614 v2 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology (also called MDI/MDIX). Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection (e.g. connecting to a PC) or an uplink connection (e.g. connecting to a router, switch, or hub). That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink

will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

Cable Quality

A twisted pair Ether net network operating at 10 Mbi ts /s eco nd ( 10BASE- T) will often tolerate l ow quality cables, but at 100 Mbits/second (100BASE-TX) the cable must be rated as Category 5 (Cat 5), by the Electronic Industry Association

(EIA). This rating will be printed on the cable jacket. A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk. In addition, there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits/second networks.

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Appendix C

Preparing Your Network

This appendix desc ribes how to pr epare your n etwork to connec t to the Inte rnet throug h t he Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router and how to ver if y th e readiness of broadband Inter net ser vi ce f rom an Internet se rvice provid er (ISP).

Note: If an ISP technician configured your computer during the installation of a broadband modem, or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP, you may need to copy the current configuration information for use in the configuration of your firewall. Write down this information before reconfiguring your computers. Refer to “Obtaining ISP Configur ation I nformatio n for W i ndows Compute rs” on pag e C-19 or

“Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers” on page C-20 for

further information.

Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking

Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol). Eac h comput er on your network must have TCP/IP installed and sel ect ed as its networking protocol. If a Network Interface Card (NIC) is already installed in your PC, then TCP/ IP is probably already installed as well.

Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP/IP:

• Windows

• Windows 3.1 does not include a TCP/IP component. You need to purchase a third-party TCP/

IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon.

• Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a

TCP/IP network.

Preparing Your Network C-1

95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP/IP network.

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• All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP/IP components. Follow the instru cti ons provided

with your operating system or networking software to install TCP/IP on your computer.

In your IP network, each PC and the firewall must be assigned a unique IP addresses. Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask (netmask), a domain name server (DNS) address, and a default gateway address. In most cases, you should install TC P/IP so that th e PC obtains its specific n etwork confi guration inf ormation automatically from a DHCP server during bootup. For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items, refer to “Appendix B, “Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics.”

The RP614 v2 router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP server. The firewall assigns the following TCP/IP configuration information automatically when the PCs are rebooted:

• PC or workstation IP addresses—192.168.0.2 through 192.168.0.254

• Subnet mask—255.255.255.0

• Gateway address (the firewall)—192.168.0.1 These addresses are part of the IETF-designated private address range for use in private networks.

Configuring Windo w s 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking

As part of the PC preparatio n process, you need to manually insta ll and co nfigure TCP/IP on each networked PC. Before starting, locate your Windows CD; you may need to insert it during the TCP/IP installation process.

Install or Verify Windows Networking Components

To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking:

1. On the Wi ndows taskbar, cl ick the Start bu tt on, poi nt to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

2. Double-click the Network icon.

The Network window opens, which displays a list of installed components:

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You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks.

Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the

Network wi ndow in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client fo r Microsoft Networks.

If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps:

a. Click the Add button. b. Select Adapter, and then click Add. c. Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter, and then click OK.

If you need TCP/IP:

a. Click the Add button. b. Select Protocol, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select TCP/IP, and then click OK.

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If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:

a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK.

3. Restart your PC for the changes to take effec t.

Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings in Windows 95B, 98, and Me

After the TCP/IP protocol components are installed, each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network. The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network.

You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP.

The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows.

Locate your Network Neighborhood icon.

• If the Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop, position your mouse pointer

over it and right-click your mouse button.

• If the icon is not on the desktop,

–Click Start on the task bar located at the botto m left of the window. – Choose Settings, and then Control Panel. – Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and cli ck on it. This w ill open the Network

panel as shown below.

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

• Verify the following settings as shown:

– Client for Microsoft Ne twork exists – Ethernet adapter is pres ent –TCP/IP is present – Primary Network Logon is set to

Windows logon

• Click on the Properties button. The

following TCP/IP Properties window will display.

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

• By default, the IP Address tab is open on

this window.

• V erify the following:

Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. Thi s setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address.

•Click OK to continue.

• Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version

of Windows on your network.

Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method

1. On the Wi ndows taskbar, cl ick the Start bu tt on, poi nt to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

2. Double-click the Internet Options ico n.

3. Select “I want to set up my Internet connection manually” or “I want to connect through a

Local Area Network” and click Next.

4. Select “I want to connect through a Local Area Network” and click Next.

5. Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next.

6. Proceed to the end of the Wizard.

Verifying TCP/IP Properties

After your PC is configured and has rebooted, you can check the TCP/IP configuration using the utility winipcfg.exe:

1. On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, and then click Run.

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK.

The IP Configuratio n window opens, which list s (among ot her things ), your IP a ddress, su bnet mask, and default gateway.

3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter.

The window is updated to show your s etti ngs, which should mat ch the val ues bel ow if you ar e using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway:

• The IP address is between 192.168.0.2 and 192.168.0.254

• The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0

• The default gateway is 192.168.0.1

Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking

As part of the PC preparation process, you may need to install and configure TCP/IP on each networked PC. Before starting, locate your Windows CD; you may need to insert it during the TCP/IP installation process.

Install or Verify Windows Networking Components

To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking:

1. On the Wi ndows taskbar, cl ick the Start bu tt on, poi nt to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

2. Double-click the Network and Dialup Connections icon.

3. If an Ethernet adapter is present in your PC, you should see an entry for Local Area

Connection. Double-click that entry.

4. Select Properties.

5. Verify that ‘Client for Microsoft Networks’ and ‘Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)’ are present. If

not, select Install and add them.

6. Select ‘Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)’, click Properties, and verify that “Obtain an IP address

automatically is selected.

7. Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows.

8. Then, restart your PC.

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Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4

You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP.

The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows.

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP

Open your Network Connections window.

• Select Network from the Windows XP new Start Menu.

•Click the Network Connections link on the Network Tasks list.

• Now the Network Connection window

displays. The Connections List that shows all the

network connections set up on the PC, located to the right of the window.

• Right-click on the Connection you will use

and choose Status.

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Netgear RP614v2, RP614v3 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

Contents

Preface About This Manual

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Chapter 3 Content Filtering

Chapter 4 Maintenance

Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration of the Router

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Appendix B Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics

Appendix C Preparing Your Network

Audience

Typographical Conventions

Special Message Forma ts

Key Features of the Router

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Security

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™

Extensive Protocol Support

Easy Installation and Management

Maintenance and Support

Package Contents

The Router’s Front Panel

The Router’s Rear Panel

What You Will Need Before You Begin

Cabling and Computer Hardware Requirements

Computer Network Configuration Requirements

Internet Configuration Requirements

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters?

Worksheet to Record Your Internet Connection Information

Connecting the Model RP614 v2 Web Safe Router

PPPoE Wizard-Detected Option

AOL Wizard-Detected Options

Telstra Bigpond Cable Wizard-Detected Option

Dynamic IP Wizard-Detected Option

Fixed IP Account Wizard-Detected Option

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection

Content Filtering Overview

Blocking Access to Inter net Sites

Blocking Access to Internet Services

Configuring a User Defined Service

Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range

Scheduling When Bl ocking Will Be Enforced

Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI), Java, ActiveX, and Cookies Blocking Options

Using SPI

Using Java, ActiveX, and cookies Filtering.

Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access

Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications

Viewing Router Status Information

Viewing a List of Attached Devices

Upgrading the Router Software

Configuration File Management

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration

Erasing the Configuration

Changing the Configuration Password

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Serve rs

Adding a Custom Service

Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry

Local Web and FTP Server Example

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example

Configuring the WAN Setup Options

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port

Setting the MTU Size

Using the LAN IP Setup Options

Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters

Using the Router as a DHCP server

Using Address Reservation

Using a Dynamic DNS Service

Configuring Static Routes

Enabling Remote Management Access

Using Universal Plug and Pla y (UPnP)

Basic Operation

Power LED Not On

Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On