Nera Evolution, Evolution XPAND Technical Description

Technical Description

Evolution Series XPAND

Multi Service Radio Link System, 5 - 38 GHz

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The information in this documentation is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in
the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nera's customers only for the
purposes of the agreement under which the documentation is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nera.

The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the
mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made
between Nera and the customer. However, Nera has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions
contained in the documentation are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nera will, if necessary,
explain issues that may not be covered by the documentation. Nera's liability for any errors in the documentation is
limited to the documentary correction of errors.

NERA WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the
use of this documentation or the information in it. This documentation and the product it describes are considered
protected by copyright according to the applicable laws.

NERA logo is a registered trademark of Nera ASA. Other product names mentioned in this documentation may be
trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright © Nera 2006. All rights reserved.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 1

Document history

Revision Date Summary of changes

Rev A 24.feb.2006 First Release
Rev B 28.mar.2006 Added info about PDH X-connect. Updated channel plan info.

Removed low priority traffic. Corrected editorial errors

Rev C 23.june.2006 4.2.7 Environmental conditions updated.

11 GHz Output Power updated

2 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

Contents

Page

1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................7

1.1.

FEATURES................................................................................................................................................9

1.2.

NETWORK APPLICATIONS.................................................................................................................10

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................................13

2.1.

IFU WITH PDH X-CONNECT ...............................................................................................................13

2.2.

OUTDOOR UNIT (ODU) DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................16

2.3.

IFU UNIT DESCRIPTIONS....................................................................................................................16

2.3.1.

Supervisory Unit.............................................................................................................................16

2.3.2.

Radio Interface Unit – RIU.............................................................................................................16

2.3.3.

Line Interface Unit – LIU ...............................................................................................................16

2.3.4.

SDH/SONET Digital X-Connect Unit ............................................................................................16

2.3.5.

Alarm and Control Unit ..................................................................................................................17

2.3.6.

64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit ............................................................................................................17

2.3.7.

EOW Unit (Service channel) ..........................................................................................................17

2.3.8.

Fan Unit ..........................................................................................................................................17

2.3.9.

Power Supply Unit..........................................................................................................................17

3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS ......................................................................................................................18

3.1.

1+0 SYSTEM...........................................................................................................................................18

3.2.

1+1 HSB / 1+1 FD SYSTEM...................................................................................................................19

3.3.

SPACE DIVERSITY/DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM...............................................................................19

3.4.

NODE CONFIGURATION .....................................................................................................................20

4. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTRICS .........................................................................................................21

4.1.

FREQUENCY BANDS ...........................................................................................................................21

4.2.

GENERAL EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................24

4.2.1.

Equipment Reference Points...........................................................................................................24

4.2.2.

ETSI Equipment Class....................................................................................................................24

4.2.3.

Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC).........................................................................24

4.2.4.

Safety conditions.............................................................................................................................24

4.2.5.

RoHS and WEEE compliance ........................................................................................................24

4.2.6.

Equipment Type Approval..............................................................................................................24

4.2.7.

Environmental conditions ...............................................................................................................25

4.3.

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................................25

4.3.1.

Installation ......................................................................................................................................25

4.3.2.

Dimensions .....................................................................................................................................25

4.3.3.

Weights...........................................................................................................................................25

4.4.

POWER SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION.............................................................................................26

4.5.

SYSTEM RELIABILITY ........................................................................................................................26

4.5.1.

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)...........................................................................................26

5. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................27

5.1.

TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................27

5.1.1.

Nominal Output Power ...................................................................................................................27

5.1.2.

Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC) ........................................................................27

5.1.3.

TX oscillator frequency tolerance...................................................................................................28

5.2.

RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS.........................................................................................................28

5.2.1.

Receiver Threshold 4xE1 - 7 MHz BW..........................................................................................28

5.2.2.

Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 7 MHz BW..........................................................................................28

5.2.3.

Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 14 MHz BW........................................................................................28

5.2.4.

Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 14 MHz BW......................................................................................29

5.2.5.

Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................29

5.2.6.

Receiver Threshold 20xE1 - 14 MHz BW......................................................................................29

5.2.7.

Receiver Threshold 40xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................29

5.2.8.

Receiver Threshold 50xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................30

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 3

5.2.9.

5.3.

5.4.

5.5.

5.6.

5.7.

Receiver Threshold 75xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................30

5.2.10.

Maximum input level......................................................................................................................30

5.2.11.

RX oscillator frequency tolerance ..................................................................................................30

5.2.12.

Noise Figure ...................................................................................................................................30

INTERFERENCE SENSITIVITY...........................................................................................................31

5.3.1.

Co-channel interference sensitivity ................................................................................................31

5.3.2.

Adjacent channel interference sensitivity.......................................................................................31

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE....................................................................................................................32

5.4.1.

System Gain....................................................................................................................................32

5.4.2.

Equipment background BER (Residual BER)................................................................................32

5.4.3.

System Signature ............................................................................................................................32

DIPLEXER AND ANTENNA INTERFACE..........................................................................................33

5.5.1.

General description.........................................................................................................................33

5.5.2.

RF-Coupler .....................................................................................................................................33

5.5.3.

Interface to Antenna feeder system – non integrated antennas.......................................................33

IFU-ODU INTERFACE ..........................................................................................................................34

5.6.1.

Cable interface characteristics ........................................................................................................34

5.6.2.

Cable characteristics .......................................................................................................................34

RADIO PROTECTION SWITCHING (RPS) .........................................................................................35

5.7.1.

Specification of the protection switching system ...........................................................................35

5.7.2.

Switching criteria and switching operation time, Rx......................................................................35

5.7.3.

Switching criteria and switching operation time, Tx ......................................................................35

6. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS ...............................................................................................................36

6.1.

USER INTERFACES ..............................................................................................................................36

6.2.

ETHERNET FUNCTIONALITY............................................................................................................36

6.2.1.

General ...........................................................................................................................................36

6.2.2.

Ethernet Traffic Mapping ...............................................................................................................36

6.2.3.

Flow Control...................................................................................................................................36

6.2.4.

MAC learning.................................................................................................................................36

6.2.5.

Link-Loss Failure pass through on the Ethernet port......................................................................36

6.3.

TRANSMISSION INTERFACES ...........................................................................................................37

6.3.1.

Interface characteristics 1.5 Mbit/s .................................................................................................37

6.3.2.

Interface characteristics 2 Mbit/s ....................................................................................................37

6.3.3.

Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s electrical ................................................................................37

6.3.4.

Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Intermediate Reach..................................................37

6.3.5.

Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1300nm................................................38

6.3.6.

Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1500nm................................................38

6.3.7.

Interface characteristics Ethernet – 10/100 BASE-TX:..................................................................38

6.4.

AUXILIARY INTERFACES...................................................................................................................39

6.4.1.

64 kb/s channel characteristics .......................................................................................................39

6.4.2.

Service telephone/Orderwire interfaces ..........................................................................................39

6.4.3.

Alarm and Control Unit ..................................................................................................................40

7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................41

7.1.

GENERAL ...............................................................................................................................................41

7.1.1.

Event logging..................................................................................................................................41

7.1.2.

Monitoring of system performance.................................................................................................41

7.1.3.

Security management......................................................................................................................42

7.2.

ECC (EMBEDDED COMMUNICATION CHANNEL).........................................................................43

7.2.1.

IP Routing.......................................................................................................................................43

7.2.2.

Embedded SNMP agent..................................................................................................................43

7.3.

INTERFACES TO THE SUPERVISION SYSTEM ...............................................................................43

7.3.1.

General ...........................................................................................................................................43

7.3.2.

LEDs...............................................................................................................................................43

8. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................44

9. TERMINOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................46

4 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

APPENDIX 1 – ODU/Diplexer sub-band range .....................................................................................................48

List of Figures Page

Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system........................................................................................................................................13

Figure 2-2: PDH X-Connect........................................................................................................................................14

Figure 2-3 ODU, 1+0 System.....................................................................................................................................16

Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal ......................................................................................................18

Figure 3-2 System Block Diagram 1+1 HSB/FD Terminal .......................................................................................19

Figure 3-3 System Block Diagram Space Diversity Terminal ...................................................................................19

Figure 3-4 System Block Diagram XPAND Traffic Node.........................................................................................20

Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system ..............................................................................................24

List of Tables Page

Table 4-1 Frequency bands ETSI................................................................................................................................22

Table 4-2 Frequency bands ANSI ...............................................................................................................................23

Table 4-3 ETSI Equipment Class ................................................................................................................................24

Table 4-4 Power consumption terminal.......................................................................................................................26

Table 4-5 Maximum power consumption units...........................................................................................................26

Table 5-1 Nominal output power.................................................................................................................................27

Table 5-2 Receiver threshold 4xE1 in 7 MHz channel................................................................................................ 28

Table 5-3 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 7 MHz channel................................................................................................ 28

Table 5-4 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 14 MHz channel.............................................................................................. 28

Table 5-5 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 14 MHz channel............................................................................................ 29

Table 5-6 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................ 29

Table 5-7 Receiver threshold 20xE1 in 14 MHz channel............................................................................................ 29

Table 5-8 Receiver threshold 40xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................ 29

Table 5-9 Receiver threshold 50xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................ 30

Table 5-10 Receiver threshold 75xE1 in 28 MHz channel.......................................................................................... 30

Table 5-11 Maximum input signal level......................................................................................................................30

Table 5-12 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity .........................................................................................................31

Table 5-13 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity................................................................................................31

Table 5-14 System gain ...............................................................................................................................................32

Table 5-15 Typical signature values............................................................................................................................32

Table 5-16 RF-Coupler loss ........................................................................................................................................ 33

Table 5-17 ODU flanges and waveguide..................................................................................................................... 33

Table 5-18 Cable lengths, IFU-ODU cable .................................................................................................................34

Table 7-1 LED status indications ................................................................................................................................43

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 5

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6 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

1. INTRODUCTION

The first chapter in this document contains information about the Evolution Series in general. Chapter
two and onwards cover the Evolution Series - XPAND specifically.

The Nera Evolution Series microwave radio dramatically changes the operations for wireless transmission
network owners. With a common platform architecture, which is fully software configurable;
transmission capacity, system configurations and transmission protocols can be changed to adapt to future
needs. Evolution Series dramatically reduces the cost of ownership. With significantly reduced number of
parts and high MTBF Evolution Series ensures maximum uptime and low maintenance.

The Evolution Series microwave radio is designed to transmit data rates from about 6 Mb/s to 600Mb/s,
in the frequency bands from 5 GHz to 38 GHz. The configuration of capacity and modulation is software
configurable, giving an optimal balance between system gain and spectral efficiency.

Network operators can easily future proof the network as the microwave radio can easily adapt to the
evolution of the transmission network. Growing traffic and the convergence of network technologies
causes changing requirements, such as capacity upgrades, change of transmission systems between PDH,
SDH/SONET and pure Ethernet; all this is simply implemented by software configuration change and
change of interface modules. The available interfaces range from E1, T1, E3, DS3 STM-1/OC-3, STM­4/OC12 to 10/100BASE-TX and Gigabit Ethernet.

The Evolution Series product can be configured to work in three different modes. Payload capacity is also
configurable and is selected by SW licences. Changes and upgrades can be done by the user without HW
changes to the basic platform.

XPAND features (ETSI)

• Scalable 8, 16, 32, 40, 80, 100, 160 Mb/s transmission capacity

• 7, 14 and 28 MHz BW

• Mix of Ethernet and E1s

• 4, 8, 16, 20, 40, 50, 75 x E1 capacity

• Ethernet 1xFE, scalable with 2 Mbit/s granularity up to 100Mb/s

• Embedded PDH cross-connect (Ethernet and E1)

• Ring protection for E1s (also E1’s carrying Ethernet traffic), based on SNCP

• STM-1 interface for direct connection to a SDH based network

The XPAND variant (ANSI)

• Scalable 6, 12, 24, 48, 100 Mb/s transmission capacity

• 5, 10, 20 and 30 MHz BW

• Mix of Ethernet and T1s

• 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 x T1 capacity

• Ethernet 1xFE, scalable with 1.5 Mbit/s granularity up to 100Mb/s

• Embedded PDH cross-connect (Ethernet and T1)

• Ring protection for T1s (also T1’s carrying Ethernet traffic), based on SNCP

• OC-3/STS-3 interface for direct connection to a SONET based network

The IP variant (ETSI and ANSI)

• 1xFE, 4xFE or 1xGbE

• Scalable 100, 150, 300 & 600 Mb/s transmission capacity

• 28, 40, 50 and 56 MHz BW

• CCDP configuration with XPIC

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 7

The METRO variant (ETSI and ANSI)

• 155 Mb/s, 311Mb/s and 622 Mb/s transmission capacity

• Configurations up to 3+1/4+0

• CCDP configuration with XPIC

• 28, 40, 50 and 56 MHz BW

• Options for embedded ADM mux / X-connect

• TDM traffic : 63xE1, 3xE3/DS3, 64xT1

• Advanced Ethernet : 4xFE and 1xGbE with QoS, nxVC12(VT1.5), VC-3(STS-1) or VC-4(STS-

3-3c) mapping

• Traffic Node with 4 radio directions, SNCP with Ring, Chain, Star or Mesh topology

The Evolution Series is an integrated part of Nera’s wide product portfolio, from the leading microwave
specialist. The product portfolio covers products for all type of professional wireless carrier systems.
Nera’s microwave experience dates back more than 50 years, with a leading position in this field. The
Evolution Series radio is integrated in Nera’s new EM/NMS system, NetMaster.

8 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

1.1. Features

The Evolution Series microwave radio utilises the state-of-the-art technology to achieve low power
consumption and high reliability.

A high degree of RF circuit integration is achieved using Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits
(MMIC’s). This, combined with a direct at RF modulation architecture, enables a broadband and compact
ODU design. Furthermore, patented power amplifier technology delivers low power consumption which
further enhances reliability.

The modem contains multidimensional coded modulation, combined with a powerful block code. The
resulting two-stage error correction improves system margin over traditional single FEC systems such as
QAM, TCM or MLCM. The modem is extremely flexible, enabling an optimum configuration for all
capacities and channel plans.

The ODU Unit consists of a XVCR and a Diplexer Unit. The ODU is frequency and capacity agile. The
tuning range is very wide and most frequency bands can be covered by four variants for the whole band.
The frequency setting is easy and is performed locally or remotely by the LCT function.

The ODU can for most frequency bands be mounted directly on the antenna, both in unprotected and
protected configurations. The ODU can also be mounted on the antenna pole, using a short flexible
waveguide to the antenna.

The InterFace Unit (IFU) is an extremely modular system, catering for the various system configurations
and traffic interfaces by plug-in modules. The IFU can easily be expanded from a single channel system
up to a traffic node handling up to 8 ODUs. The IFU contains the user interfaces, baseband processing
and multiplexing, management and radio interface.

The demodulator contains an integrated digital interference canceller, which can be used to provide the
XPIC function, enabling two carriers to be transmitted over the same frequency, using dual polarised
antennas.

The embedded PDH cross-connect allows flexible routing of Ethernet traffic and E1/T1-traffic between
the radio interfaces and the user interfaces.

The optional DXC-Unit in combination with an STM-1/OC-3 interface provides a direct interface from
this platform to a SDH/SONET network.

The equipment configuration, licenses and the operating software can be stored on the memory key
available for plug-in at the front of the equipment or downloaded to a computer. When a new Supervisory
Unit is inserted, the equipment configuration can then easily be restored to the radio equipment.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 9

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1.2. Network Applications

The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideally suited for a wide range of applications. Due to the
flexibility in configurations, the choice of traffic interfaces and the capacity scalability, it can easily adapt
to the specific requirements of a given network application. The flexibility and ease- of upgrade, future
proof the investment, as the equipment can grow with the increasing traffic demand as well as easily
adapt to other transmission technologies.

Mobile (BTS) Backhaul

- The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideal for demanding and critical application such as

backhaul of BTS traffic. Where loss of traffic directly results in loss of revenue, reliability and
maximum uptime are critical parameters for the network operator. The Evolution Series reliable and
flexible architecture as well as high system gain, ensures increased availability of the offered services,
and a secured revenue stream. The embedded PDH (E1/T1) cross-connect enables routing of traffic
without the need for external cabling. Further, the E1/T1 traffic circuits can be individually protected
via ring or mesh topologies, and various traffic types can be mixed, sharing the transmission capacity
of the radio. The radio can be configured for a wide range of capacities, ensuring an optimal
utilization of the available spectrum as well as capabilities for upgrading when traffic demand
increases or new services are introduced.

- With the introduction of new mobile technologies (3G), as an overlay network or a Greenfield

installation, the aggregate capacity demand typically raise above 16xE/T1. A flexible platform that
can grow with capacity requirements represent large savings in the network operation, compared to
more traditional network designs.

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10 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

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LMDS/FWA Backhaul

- LMDS/FWA backhaul. The Evolution Series radio is well suited for backhaul of traffic from Point-to-

MultiPoint radio access systems like WiMax. With a selectable capacity, ranging from about 6Mb/s
to 600Mb/s, the Evolution Series radio can easily be deployed in small network as well as in larger
constellations and networks with several sites linked together. The choice of pure TDM (E1/T1),
Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet, or 155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combination of TDM (E1/T1) with
Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet, makes the Evolution Series suitable for any FWA network installation.

- DSLAM backhaul. The instruction of xDSL services can in some cases uncover a new challenge. The

local transmission network may only be dimensioned for the POTS traffic and is not suited for high
speed data. Upgrading the local network to fiber might not be feasible due to time and/or cost of such
upgrade. The Evolution Series microwave radio offers an easy and flexible solution to this challenge.
The Evolution Series microwave radio can offer backhaul of the DSLAM to the optical backbone
network, whether the network interfaces are PDH, ATM/SDH/SONET or Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet.
With the Evolution Series radio, the various traffic types are catered for merely by change of interface
modules.

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Private Networks Operators

- Corporate/Campus Networks. The Evolution Series radio is a good alternative to more common

unlicensed microwave solutions. With choice of pure TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3), Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, 155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combinations of TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3) with Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, makes the Evolution Series suitable for most private networks, whether they are carrying
legacy services or data only. Flexibility and simplicity, combined with a predictable reliability, proves
for many network owners to be an unbeatable combination.

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12 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The Evolution Series microwave radio system comprises an indoor part (IFU), and an outdoor part
(ODU) and an antenna. The IFU and ODU is interconnected with coaxial cable which carries transmit and
receive user traffic, management communication between the IFU and ODU, and the power supply to the
ODU.

2.1. IFU with PDH X-Connect

The Evolution Series IFU is a 1RU basic frame, containing 9 plug-in slots for various modules. The
modular architecture with plug-in slots enables a high degree of flexibility, ease of upgrading/changing
configurations and easy maintenance.

Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system

The basic IFU frame is common in all configurations and up to four basic IFU basic frames can be
stacked together through a rear connection. Cages with connection panel housing 2 or 4 IFUs are
available.

Embedded 4-port X-connect for routing of E1/T1 and Ethernet traffic:

The basic IFU frame contains an embedded 4-port PDH X-Connect (PXC). Each of these 4 ports (0, 1, 2
and 3) can be assigned to the Ethernet Interface (on Supervisory Unit), E1/T1-Line Interface Unit, Radio
Interface Unit, or IFU-rear-interface (IFU expansion). Ethernet traffic is carried as E1/T1-frames through
the X-connect. The capacity through the 4 PXC-ports is limited by the unit each port is connected to as
shown in the table below:

PXC connected to: Maximum Capacity:

Ethernet port (on SU Unit) 50E1 or 64T1 (100Mb/s)
E1 Line Interface 25E1
T1 Line Interface 16T1
Radio Interface 75E1 or 96T1
IFU rear Interface (IFU expansion) 63E1 or 84T1

Each of the E1/T1 carried through the 4 PXC-ports can be X-connected (any to any, non-blocking). Each
E1/T1-output from the PXC can be configured to be sourced from any E1/T1-input. All E1/T1-outputs
may have the same source (one-to-many principle). Two of the PXC-ports (port 2 and 3) can be
configured to go to Radio Interfaces. SNCP is available for each E1/T1. When configuring the PXC,
each individual E1/T1 may be set up with SNCP activated or not activated.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 13

(PXC)

Port-1

Port-2

Port-3

Port-0

PDH

X-Connect

Configuration examples:

Terminal

Units and location in IFU: PXC-port to be

Configuration:

100Mbps FE

+ 25E1, 1+0

(one IFU)

100Mbps FE

+1-25E1, HSB

(one IFU)

1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x 25E1 Line interface in IFU slot 3
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x 25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5

50Mbps FE

+26-50E1, HSB

(one IFUs)

1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 2

100Mbps FE

+ 16T1, 1+0

(one IFU)

100Mbps FE

+1-16T1, HSB

(one IFU)

1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x 16T1 Line interface in IFU slot 3
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x 16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5

50Mbps FE

+17-32T1, HSB

(one IFUs)

1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 2

Figure 2-2: PDH X-Connect

used:

3
1
0
3
3
0
1
3
3
0
1
2

3
1
0
3
3
0
1
3
3
0
1
2

Comment:

PXC-port 2 not
used

PXC-port 2 not
used. In HSB is
traffic switched
after the PXC
All PXC-ports
used.

PXC-port 2 not
used

PXC-port 2 not
used. In HSB is
traffic switched
after the PXC
All PXC-ports
used.

14 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

Plug-in units:

- The lower left position contains the Supervisory Unit. The Supervisory Unit is handling the

configuration of all system units as well as reporting system status to the EM/NMS system. One of
the LAN-ports on the Supervisory Unit may be used for Ethernet User traffic.

- The rightmost position houses the FAN Unit, handling the ventilation and temperature management

of the IFU frame. The FAN Unit is always included with the IFU basic frame. The LED on the FAN
Unit is an alarm for the IFU basic frame.

- The Line Interface slots houses the various optional user traffic interfaces.

- The two Radio Interface slots houses Radio Interface Units (RIUs) or Power Supply Units. The RIU

provides connection to the ODU and includes power supply to the unit and the ODU.

- The upper Aux/Serv. slots houses any Auxiliary or Service Channel units, such as Alarm and Control

Unit, Wayside Unit, 64 kb Data Channels Unit and EOW Unit. Up to three slots are available, limited
by double height Line Interface Units or DXC (used with STM-1/OC-3-interface).

All units can be replaced in the field. Non traffic carrying units can be replaced without interrupting the
service. See paragraph 2.3 for further description of the various plug-in units.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 15

2.2. OutDoor Unit (ODU) description

The ODU hardware is capacity and modulation independent. It consists of a XCVR and a Diplexer. The
XCVR is tuneable over the whole frequency band, both high and low part. The diplexer determines the
sub-band coverage. The ODU is normally mounted directly to the antenna for all configurations. In HSB
and 1+1/2+0 configurations an RF-Coupler is used when connecting the ODU to the antenna interface.

An optional pole mount kit is available.

Figure 2-3 ODU, 1+0 System

2.3. IFU Unit Descriptions

2.3.1. Supervisory Unit

The Supervisory Unit is handling the configuration of all the system units as well as reporting system
status to the EM/NMS system. It has two 10/100 BASE-TX Ethernet ports and two USB ports; one host
port and one device port.

The Ethernet ports are connected to an internal switch and can both be used for connection to the
EM/NMS system and/or for connecting terminals together in an Ethernet LAN.

One of the Ethernet ports (LAN2) can be used for user traffic. The Ethernet traffic is mapped in to nxE1
or nxT1 and then into the radio-frame mixed with TDM circuits. Capacity is limited by the configured
link capacity. Ethernet capacity is selectable in E1/T1 steps.

The USB host port serve as the LCT port. The USB ports can also be used to connect IFUs together, and
the host port can be used as interface for storage devices for SW backup and download.

2.3.2. Radio Interface Unit – RIU

The RIU contains the interface for connecting the IFU to one ODU with a single coaxial cable. It also
contains the connector for power supply to IFU and ODU.

2.3.3. Line Interface Unit – LIU

The LIU contains the interface for connecting the user traffic to the IFU. In addition to the LAN-port on
the Supervisory Unit, LIUs are available for E1 or T1. For interfacing to a SDH/SONET system, a STM­1/OC-3 LIUs is used in combination with the DXC-Unit.

2.3.4. SDH/SONET Digital X-Connect Unit

The optional SDH/SONET DXC is used in combination with the STM-1/OC-3 LIU to provide a
SDH/SONET interface on Evolution XPAND. The multiplex structure is selectable between SDH and
SONET. The DXC Unit handles the mapping and timing features necessary to interface to a
SDH/SONET system. The SETS function handles node synchronisation and selection of synchronisation
sources.

16 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

2.3.5. Alarm and Control Unit

The unit provides interfaces for collection of external alarms or analogue values, and relays for external
alarm and control outputs.

• Eight alarm inputs

• Four relay outputs

• Seven analogue inputs

2.3.6. 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit

The unit contains four 64kbit/s channel interfaces to be used for user traffic. Two with co-directional
interface, one with contra-directional interface and one V.11 interface (without byte timing).

2.3.7. EOW Unit (Service channel)

The EOW Unit provides a party line service channel for voice communication to other terminals in the
network. It provides the following functions:

• Selective call with two digit telephone number.

• Collective call by pressing *-button.

• Built-in bridge for east/west connections.

• 4-wire analogue interfaces for connection to other service channel equipment.

• One 4-wire Interface with level adjustment

• Two Other Equipment (OE1 and OE2 ) interfaces

• The two OE interfaces can be configured for Daisy-chain operation

• The pinning configuration is adapted to standard Ethernet CAT-5 cable; this enables use of standard

cables.

The IFU can be equipped with two service telephone plug-in units unit. A standard telephone handset
connects to the unit.

2.3.8. Fan Unit

The Fan Unit handles temperature management of the IFU and consists of three fans. An alarm is
generated if one of the fans should fail. The Fan Unit is field replaceable without interrupting the service.

2.3.9. Power Supply Unit

This unit is used if the IFU is not equipped with RIU (Radio Interface Unit) or for duplicated power
supply in a 1+0 configuration.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 17

3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS

Evolution Series XPAND is available in the following configurations:

• 1+0 (Unprotected)

• 1+1 Hot Standby

• 1+1 Hot Standby – Dual antenna/Space Diversity

• 1+1 Frequency Diversity

• 1+1 Frequency Diversity – Space Diversity

• 1+1 Frequency Diversity – Dual Polarised

• 2+0 Dual frequency – Single Polarisation (DF-SP)

• 2+0 Dual frequency – Alternating Polarisation (AP)

3.1. 1+0 system

The 1+0 configuration consists of an IFU basic frame, an E1 or T1 Interface Unit, a Radio Interface Unit,
a single coaxial cable to the ODU and an ODU mounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna.
When the ODU is not mounted directly on the antenna, a short flexible waveguide is used to connect the
ODU to the antenna port.

Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal

Legend

ALM External alarm input/output
AUX Auxiliary functions
EMF Embedded Management Functions
EOW Engineering Order Wire
LAN Local Area Network port (10/100BASE-TX Ethernet)
LIU Line Interface Unit
RIU Radio Interface Unit
PWR Power Supply
PXC PDH X-Connect
SERV Service functions
SU Supervisory Unit
USB Universal Serial Bus
XCVR Transmitter/Receiver

18 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

3.2. 1+1 HSB / 1+1 FD system

The 1+1 HSB or 1+1 Frequency Diversity configuration, consist of an IFU basic frame, an E1 or T1
Interface Unit, two Radio Interface Units, two coaxial cables to the ODUs and two ODUs mounted on an
RF-Coupler Unit. The RF-Coupler can be asymmetrical or symmetrical, and the RF-Coupler/ODU
assembly can be mounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna. When the RF-Coupler is not
directly mounted, a short flexible waveguide is used to connect the RF-Coupler to the antenna port.

Figure 3-2 System Block Diagram 1+1 HSB/FD Terminal

3.3. Space Diversity/Dual Antenna system

The 1+1 HSB or 1+1 Frequency Diversity configuration can be configured for Space Diversity or Dual
Antenna. This configuration uses two antennas, and the two ODUs are mounted one on each antenna
without using an RF-Coupler. The use of Space Diversity/Dual Antenna reduces the RF loss and provides
path diversity, which can improve system performance (subject to frequency band and path type and
length).

Figure 3-3 System Block Diagram Space Diversity Terminal

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 19

3.4. Node configuration

Evolution series XPAND can be configured as a traffic node with up to eight unprotected or four
protected antenna directions. The node performs digital x-connect of traffic at E1/T1 level between the
directions.

This node can be connected to a SDH/SONET system by using the STM-1/OC-3 LIU in combination
with a DXC plug in unit.

Figure 3-4 System Block Diagram XPAND Traffic Node

20 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

4. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTRICS

The table below shows capacities vs. channel bandwidth and modulation type. Capacity is shown in terms
of E1s/T1s, but may be mixed with Ethernet traffic to a combined capacity as shown in the table.

Transmission

Bandwidth and Modulation

capacity

4 x E1 7 MHz

8 x E1 14 MHz 7 MHz
16 x E1
20 x E1

40 x E1*
50 x E1*
75 x E1*

16 x T1

32 x T1*
64 x T1*

*

Capacities from 40xE1 or 32xT1 and up require SW-license.

4 x T1 5 MHz

8 x T1 10 MHz 5 MHz

4 State

28 MHz 14 MHz

14 MHz
28 MHz
28 MHz
55/56 MHz 40 MHz 28 MHz

20/25 MHz 10 MHz

20/25 MHz 10 MHz
40/50/55 MHz 30 MHz 20/25 MHz

16 State 32 State 64 State 128 State

4.1. Frequency bands

The Evolution Series XPAND is available in ITU-R, CEPT, FCC and national frequency bands
according to the following tables. The BW given in the last column is for information only and indicates
which BWs the plan includes. Details about ODU tuning range is found in Appendix 1.

Frequency

Band

L6 GHz 5.9-6.4

U6 GHz 6.4-7.1

7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-7 Annex 3
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 CEPT 02-06 Annex 1
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4
7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ACA Rali FX3
7 GHz 7.2-7.5 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4
7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 3
7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1,4

7 GHz 7.4-7.7

7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec 1-4 161
7 GHz 7.4-7.9 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 4 245

7 GHz 7.1-7.7 “Korea”

Frequency

[GHz]

Channel Plan

ITU-R F. 383-7

CEPT 14-01E
ITU-R F.384-8
CEPT 14-02 E

ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1, 1

CEPT 02-06 Annex 1

Duplex
spacing

BW [MHz]

[MHz]

252.04 29.65

340 20/30/40

196
154
161
270
161
168
154

154 7/14/28

300

28
7/14/28
7/14/28

30
7/14/28

28

28

7/14/28
7/14/28

30

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 21

9 Annex 1

9 Annex 2

6

3 Annex 3

4 Annex 1

Annex 1

Frequency

Band

8 GHz 7.7-8.3 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 1 311.32 29.65
8 GHz 7.7-8.3 7.7-8.3 GHz, 40 MHz CS 310 40
8 GHz 7.9-8.4 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 4 266

8 GHz 7.9-8.5 CEPT 02-06 310

8 GHz 8.2-8.5 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 3

8 GHz 8.2-8.5 ITU-R F.386-6 Rec. 1 151.614 7

11 GHz 10.7-11.7 ITU-R F. 387-9 Rec. 1 530 40/30

11 GHz 10.7-11.7

11 GHz 10.7-11.7

13 GHz 12.7-13.3

15 GHz 14.4-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 490 7/14/28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 420 7/14/28

15 GHz 14.6-15.2 CFT Mexico 315 14/28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 CEPT 12-07E 728 7/14/28
15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ACA RALI FX3 644 14/28

18 GHz 17.7-19.7

18 GHz 17.7-19.7

18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1092.5 27.5
18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1120 55

23 GHz 21.2-23.6

23 GHz 22.0-23.6 RA 352 1008 56
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 4 1200 50
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 1 1232 7/14/28/56

26 GHz 24.25-26.5

32 GHz 31.8-33.4

38 GHz 37.0-39.5

Frequency

[GHz]

Channel Plan

ITU-R F. 387-

CEPT 12-06 Rec. 1

ITU-R F. 387-

CEPT 12-06 Rec. 3

ITU-R F. 497-

CEPT 12 02F

ITU-R F.595-8

CEPT 12-03E

ITU-R F.595-8

Norma No 15/96

ITU-R F.637-

CEPT 13-02E

ITU-R F.748-

CEPT 13-02E

ITU-R F.1520-2

CEPT (01)02

ITU-R F.749-2

CEPT 12-01E

Duplex

spacing

BW [MHz]

[MHz]

7/14/28
7/14/28

119
126

530 40

490 40

266 7/14/28

1010 7/13.75/27.5/55

1560 13.75/27.5/55

1008 7/14/28/56

1008 7/14/28/56

812 7/14/28/56

1260 7/14/28/56

14

7

22 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

38 GHz 38.6-40.0

ITU-R F.749-2 Annex 3, 1

700 25/50

Table 4-1 Frequency bands ETSI

Freq. Band

L6 GHz 5.9 - 6.4

U6 GHz

7 GHz 7.1 - 7.4 SRSP –307.1 175 5/10/30
7 GHz 7.4 - 7.7 SRSP –307.1 150 5/10/20/30
8 GHz 7.7 - 8.3 SRSP –307.7 300 10/20/30

11 GHz 10.7 - 11.7

18 GHz 18.7-19.7 CFR47 101.147 Table r 1560 10/20/40
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 CFR47 101.147 Table s 1200 5/10/20/30/40/50
38 GHz 38.6-40.0 CFR47 101.147 Table v 700 7.25/12.5/25/50

Frequency

[GHz]

6.4 - 7.1

Channel Plan

CFR47 101.147 Table i

SRSP –305.9

SRSP –306.4

CFR47 101.147 Table l

CFR47 101.147 Table o

SRSP –310.7

Duplex
spacing

BW [MHz]

[MHz]

252.04

252.04

100/340
160/170

490 5/10/30/40

4.94/9.88/29.65

29.65

10/30

5/10

Table 4-2 Frequency bands ANSI

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 23

4.2. General Equipment Specifications

4.2.1. Equipment Reference Points

A principle block diagram for a digital radio relay system, including the main blocks, is shown in Figure
4-1. The block diagram includes marked interface points, which serve as reference points for several
technical parameters used in this document.

* The RF-Coupler is used in HSB and 1+1/2+0 single polarised configurations

Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system

4.2.2. ETSI Equipment Class

The equipment is compliant to the relevant specifications in EN 302 217 for the following classes.

BW Modulation Class

7 MHz QPSK 2

14 MHz 16 state 2 and 4

28 MHz 32 state / 128 state 4, 5A and 5B

Table 4-3 ETSI Equipment Class

4.2.3. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC)

ETSI: The equipment conforms to the EMC standard as specified in EN 301 489 part 1 and 4.
FCC: The equipment conforms to FCC Part 15 subpart B class A.

4.2.4. Safety conditions

The equipment conforms to EN 60215, EN 60950 and UL/CSA 60950. The optical interfaces conform to
EN 60825-1 and EN 60825-2.

4.2.5. RoHS and WEEE compliance

The equipment is compliant to EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) and EU Directive 2002/96/EC (WEEE)

4.2.6. Equipment Type Approval

The equipment is type approved and labelled according to EU Directive 1999/5/EC.
The CE marking is located on both IFU and ODU.

24 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

4.2.7. Environmental conditions

The equipment conforms to the environmental classes defined in ETS-300-019:

• Transportation: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-2, class 2.3, public transportation.
(temperature range: -40 °C to +70 °C).

• Storage: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-1, class 1.2, weather protected,
not temperature-controlled storage locations.
(temperature range: -40 °C to +70 °C).

• Use: Indoor mounted units: Temperature range: -5 °C to +50 °C.
According to ETSI-EN-300-019-1-3, class 3.2, partly temperature­ controlled locations.
For temperatures between +45°C and +50°C the relative humidity
must be between 5% and 40%.

Outdoor mounted units: Standard temperature range: -33 °C to +50 °C.

According to ETSI-EN-300-019-1-4, class 4.1 , non weather
protected locations

For temperatures below 0°C the equipment must be switched on

for at least 10 minutes in order to operate according to the
specifications.

4.3. Mechanical Characteristics

4.3.1. Installation

The equipment is very easy and quick to install. It is designed for stationary use in split mount
installations. IFU and ODU are interconnected with coaxial cable. One cable for each ODU is used. (i.e.
Two cables needed for HSB, 1+1 FD and 2+0 systems). The IFU can be installed as a stand-alone unit,
or it can be mounted in a standard 19“ rack (Ref. IEC 297-2 and IEC 297-3), or in an ETSI standard
cabinet (Ref. ETSI EN 300 119). The ODU1 may be mounted directly to the antenna for antenna sizes up
to and including 1.8 m. Alternatively the ODU can be supplied with a mount for a vertical column (Ø=60­115mm).

4.3.2. Dimensions

IFU2 1+0/1+1/HSB: 444 mm (W) x 225 mm (D) x 44 mm (H), 17.5” x 8.9” x 1.73”
ODU 1+0, 6 - 11 GHz: 227 mm (W) x 140 mm (D) x 240 mm (H), 8.9” x 5.5” x 9.4”
ODU 1+0, 13 - 38 GHz: 206 mm (W) x 132 mm (D) x 210 mm (H), 8.1” x 5.2” x 8.4”
RF Coupler 6 - 11 GHz3: 232 mm (W) x 102 mm (D) x 415 mm (H), 9.1” x 4.0” x 16.3”

13 - 38 GHz: 220 mm (W) x 106 mm (D) x 374 mm (H), 8.7” x 4.2” x 14.7”

4.3.3. Weights

IFU: 2.5 kg / 5.5 lbs
ODU 6 - 11 GHz: 8.0 kg / 17.7 lbs
ODU 13 - 38 GHz: 6.5 kg / 14.3 lbs
RF Coupler: 5 kg / 11 lbs

1

The ODUs in 6 GHz are pole mounted

2

The width and depth of the unit are exclusive flanges (mounting brackets) and table studs for free-standing mounting. Special

brackets for mounting into different cabinets are available

3

The 6 GHz RF-coupler has a shorter antenna insert

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 25

4.4. Power supply and consumption

The equipment operates from a battery supply between -40.5 volt and -57 volt, nominally -48 volt DC
according to EN 300 132-2. The primary DC-power is supplied to the indoor unit through a filtering
function that includes input filter to attenuate the common mode noise.
The power to the outdoor unit is supplied from the indoor unit via the IFU-ODU coaxial cable.

L6-11 GHz 13-38 GHz Terminal without interface

Average Maximum Average Maximum
1+0 Terminal 65 W 71 W 52 W 58 W
HSB/1+1/2+0 Terminal 117 W 128 W 91 W 102 W

Table 4-4 Power consumption terminal

Unit

ODU L6-11 GHz 48 W
ODU 13-38 GHz 35 W
Basic IFU, incl. SU and fans 13.5 W
Radio Interface Unit 9.3 W
3xE3/DS3 Interface Unit 3 W
25xE1and 16xT1 Interface Unit 4 W
Auxiliary Units, 64 kb, Wayside and Alarm Unit 2 W
Service channel Unit 2.5 W
Line Interface Unit, Electrical or S-1.1 optical 2.3 W
Line Interface unit, L-1.1 or L-1.2 optical 4 W
DXC Unit 5.5 W

Table 4-5 Maximum power consumption units

4.5. System Reliability

4.5.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

The MTBF figures are predicted and calculated according to methods in MIL-HDBK-217E including
adjustment for experienced field data. MTBF for 1+0 Terminal with Line Interface Unit is about 30 years.

Unit name: MTBF,

25 °°°°C ambient temp:

[[[[Hours]]]]

Transceiver Unit (ODU) 400 000

Basic IFU incl. one RIU

RIU 3 200 000

Supervisory Unit 3 200 000
Interface units 5 000 000-1 600 000
DXC 2 600 000

1 000 000

26 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

5. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS

5.1. Transmitter Characteristics

5.1.1. Nominal Output Power

The tolerance is ± 1.5 dB for 6-11 GHz and ± 2 dB for 13-38 GHz. For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2.

Typical values measured with modulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C’. [dBm]

Frequency band: [GHz]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

4xE1@7MHz (QPSK) +30 +30 +29 +29 +28 +25 +22 +22 +21.5 +21 +20.5

8xE1@7MHz (16State) +28 +28 +27 +27 +26 +23 +20 +20 +19.5 +19 +18.5

8xE1@14MHz (QPSK) +30 +30 +29 +29 +28 +25 +22 +22 +21.5 +21 +20.5

16xE1@14MHz (16State) +28 +28 +27 +27 +26 +23 +20 +20 +19.5 +19 +18.5

16xE1@28MHz (QPSK) +30 +30 +29 +29 +28 +25 +22 +22 +21.5 +21 +20.5

20xE1@14MHz (16State) +28 +28 +27 +27 +26 +23 +20 +20 +19.5 +19 +18.5

40xE1@28MHz (16State) +27 +27 +26 +26 +25 +22 +19 +19 +18.5 +18 +17.5

50xE1@28MHz (32State) +26 +26 +25 +25 +24 +21 +18 +18 +17.5 +17 +16.5

75xE1@28MHz (128State) +25 +25 +24 +24 +23 +18 +17 +17 +16.5 +16 +15.5

Table 5-1 Nominal output power

5.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC)

ATPC is an optional feature, which is aimed to drive the TX power amplifier output level from a proper
minimum, which is calculated to facilitate the radio network planning and is used in the case of normal
propagation, up to a maximum value, which is given in Chapter 3.3.1. When ATPC is disabled (i.e.
MTPC mode), the output power can be set by the user.

ATPC-figures:
Transmitter power output regulation speed > 50 dB/s
ATPC-range 20 dB

Nominal input level is adjustable by the user.
Adjustment range: -30 dBm to -60 dBm

In Hot Standby configuration it is recommended to use simultaneous switching of TX and Rx side within
a terminal, when ATPC is enabled.

MTPC figures:
MTPC range: 15 dB1
Step size: 0.1 dB
Accuracy: See output power tolerance in Chapter 5.1.1

1

For compliance to optional ETSI mask requirement of -60 dBc in frequency bands from 3GHz to 8GHz, the

MTPC range is 10 dB.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 27

5.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance

Frequency tolerance: ≤ ± 10 ppm.
The tolerance includes both short-term factors (environmental effects) and long-term ageing effects.

5.2. Receiver Characteristics

Typical values measured with modulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C’.
Guaranteed values are 1.5 dB higher. For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2

5.2.1. Receiver Threshold 4xE1 - 7 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-91 -91 -91 -91 -90.5 -90 -89 -89 -88.5 -87 -86.5

-90 -89.5 -89.5 -89.5 -89 -88.5 -87.5 -87.5 -87 -86 -85.5

-89 -88.5 -88.5 -88.5 -88 87.5 -86.5 -86.5 -86 -85 -84

Table 5-2 Receiver threshold 4xE1 in 7 MHz channel

5.2.2. Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 7 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-85 -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84 -83 -83 -82.5 -81 -80.5

-84 -83.5 -83.5 -83.5 -83 -82.5 -81.5 -81.5 -81 -80 -79

-82 -82 -82 -82 -81.5 -81 -80 -80 -79.5 78.5 -77.5

Table 5-3 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 7 MHz channel

5.2.3. Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 14 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-87.5 -87.5 -87.5 -87.5 -87 -86.5 -85.5 -85.5 -85 -83.5 -83

-86.5 -86 -86 -86 -85.5 -85 -84 -84 -83.5 -82.5 -82

-85 -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84 -83 -83 -82.5 -81.5 -81

Table 5-4 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 14 MHz channel

28 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

5.2.4. Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 14 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-81.5 -81.5 -81.5 -81.5 -81 -80.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79 -77.5 -77

-80.5 -80 -80 -80 -79.5 -79 -78 -78 -77.5 76.5 -76

-79 -78.5 -78.5 -78.5 -78 -77.5 76.5 76.5 -76 -75 -74.5

Table 5-5 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 14 MHz channel

5.2.5. Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 28 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-85 -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84 -83 -83 -82.5 -81 -80.5

-84 -83.5 -83.5 -83.5 -83 -82.5 -81.5 -81.5 -81 -80 -79

-82.5 -82.5 -82.5 -82.5 -82 -81.5 -80.5 -80.5 -80 -79 -78

Table 5-6 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 28 MHz channel

5.2.6. Receiver Threshold 20xE1 - 14 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-80.5 -80.5 -80.5 -80.5 -80 -79.5 -78.5 -78.5 -78 -77 -76

-79.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79 -78.5 -77.5 -77.5 -77 -75.5 -75

-78.5 -78 -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -76.5 -76.5 -75.5 -74.5 -74

Table 5-7 Receiver threshold 20xE1 in 14 MHz channel

5.2.7. Receiver Threshold 40xE1 - 28 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-78.5 -78 -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -76.5 -76.5 -75.5 -74.5 -74

-76.5 -76.5 -76.5 -76.5 -76 -75.5 -74.5 -74.5 -74 -73 -72

-75 -75 -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -73 -73 -72.5 -71 -70.5

Table 5-8 Receiver threshold 40xE1 in 28 MHz channel

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 29

5.2.8. Receiver Threshold 50xE1 - 28 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-77.5 -77 -77 -77 -76.5 -76 -75 -75 -74.5 -73.5 -73

-76 -76 -76 -76 -75.5 -75 -74 -74 -73.5 -72 -71.5

-75 -75 -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -73 -73 -72.5 -71 -70.5

Table 5-9 Receiver threshold 50xE1 in 28 MHz channel

5.2.9. Receiver Threshold 75xE1 - 28 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm]

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

-71 -71 -71 -71 -70.5 -70 -69 -69 -68.5 -67 -66.5

-69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69 -68.5 -67.5 -67.5 -67 -65.5 -65

-68 -68 -68 -68 -67.5 -67 -66 -66 -65.5 -64.5 -63.5

Table 5-10 Receiver threshold 75xE1 in 28 MHz channel

5.2.10. Maximum input level

Maximum input signal levels in point C (measured with PRBS of 223-1).
These limits apply without interference:

Frequency band: [GHz] 6-18 23-38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm]

BER ≤ 10

-10

[dBm]

-17 -20

-19 -22

-21 -24

Table 5-11 Maximum input signal level

5.2.11. RX oscillator frequency tolerance

Frequency tolerance: ≤ ±10 ppm
This limit includes both short-term factors (environmental effects) and long-term ageing effects.

5.2.12. Noise Figure

Ref. Point C. Guaranteed Values.

Frequency band:
[GHz]

Noise figure F
[dB]

6-8 11 13/15 18/23 26 28 31/32 38

≤ 3.9 ≤ 4.4 ≤ 4.8 ≤ 5.8 ≤ 6.3 ≤ 7.3 ≤ 7.4 ≤ 7.9

30 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

5.3. Interference sensitivity

5.3.1. Co-channel interference sensitivity

The limits of the co-channel interference sensitivity are shown in Table 5-12, referred to point C. The
table shows maximum and typical C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10-6 BER threshold.

System

Capacity and Channel BW

4xE1@7MHz (QPSK) 23 19 18 14
8xE1@7MHz (16State) 30 26.5 24 20
8xE1@14MHz (QPSK) 23 19 18 14

16xE1@14MHz (16State) 30 26.5 24 20

16xE1@28MHz (QPSK) 23 19 18 14
20xE1@14MHz (16State) 30 26.5 25 21
40xE1@28MHz (16State) 30 26.5 24 20
50xE1@28MHz (32State) 30 26.5 25 21

75xE1@28MHz (128State) 31.5 27.5 31 27

Maximum C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL Degradation [dB]

1 dB degr. 3 dB degr. 3 dB degr. 3 dB degr.

Typical C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL Degradation [dB]

Table 5-12 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity

5.3.2. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity

The limits of the adjacent channel interference sensitivity are as given in

Table 5-13 Adjacent Channel

Interference Sensitivity

, referred to point C. The tables show maximum C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10-6 BER
threshold.

System

Maximum C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL Degradation [dB]

Typical C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL Degradation [dB]

Capacity and Channel BW

4xE1@7MHz (QPSK) 0 -4 TBD TBD
8xE1@7MHz (16State) -1 -5 TBD
8xE1@14MHz (QPSK) 0 -4 TBD

16xE1@14MHz (16State) -1 -5 TBD

16xE1@28MHz (QPSK) 0 -4 TBD
20xE1@14MHz (16State) -2 -5 TBD
40xE1@28MHz (16State) -3.5 -7.5 TBD
50xE1@28MHz (32State) -6 -9.5 TBD

75xE1@28MHz (128State) 3 -1 TBD

1 dB degr. 3 dB degr. 1 dB degr. 3 dB degr.

Table 5-13 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity

TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 31

5.4. System Performance

5.4.1. System Gain

For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 5.5.2.

System Capacity /

Frequency band: [GHz]

4xE1@7MHz (QPSK) 121 121 120 120 118.5 115 111 111 110 109 107

8xE1@7MHz (16State) 113 113 112 112 110.5 107 103 103 102 100 99

8xE1@14MHz (QPSK) 117.5 117.5 116.5 116.5 115 111.5 107.5 107.5 106.5 104.5 103.5

16xE1@14MHz (16State) 109.5 109.5 108.5 108.5 107 103.5 99.5 99.5 98.5 96.5 95.5

16xE1@28MHz (QPSK) 115 115 114 114 112.5 109 105 105 104 102 101

L6 U6 7 8 11 13/15 18 23 26 32 38

Typical values @ BER 10-6 - ref point C’C [dB]

20xE1@14MHz (16State) 108.5 108.5 107.5 107.5 106 102.5 98.5 98.5 97.5 96 94.5

40xE1@28MHz (16State) 105.5 105 104 104 102.5 99 95.5 95.5 94 92.5 91.5

50xE1@28MHz (32State) 103.5 103 102 102 100.5 97 93 93 92 90.5 89.5

75xE1@28MHz (128State) 96 96 95 95 93.5 88 86 86 85 83 82

Table 5-14 System gain

5.4.2. Equipment background BER (Residual BER)

Typical residual BER is ≤ 10

-14

.

5.4.3. System Signature

The equipment includes an Adaptive Time Domain Equaliser (ATDE). The system signature is specified
below for 6.3 ns delay. The limits are valid for both minimum and non-minimum phase.

Channel Bandwidth 28 MHz 14 MHz 7 MHz

Max. notch depth, minimum and
non-minimum phase [dB]
Signature bandwidth [MHz] 28 14 7
Signature factor, typical value 1.2 TBD TBD
Dispersive Fading Margin
(Bellcore), typical value [dB]

24 24 24

52 TBD TBD

Table 5-15 Typical signature values

32 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

5.5. Diplexer and Antenna Interface

5.5.1. General description

The diplexer determines the ODU sub-band coverage and duplex spacing. Most frequency bands are
divided into only two sub-bands. See APPENDIX 1 for details. ODU transmit and receive frequency can
be set to any frequency within the given pass-band range.

5.5.2. RF-Coupler

The additional loss for RF-Coupler is given in Table 5-16. The RF-Coupler is used in protected
configurations and single polarised 2+0 systems.

Symmetrical RF-

Coupler

Nom Max Nom Max Nom Max

Asymmetrical RF-Coupler

Main Protection

Transmission loss [dB]

Tx or Rx

3.4 3.8 1.5 2 6.5 7

Table 5-16 RF-Coupler loss

5.5.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system – non integrated antennas

The interface between the ODU-Diplexer (1+0 configuration) or HSB-coupler (HSB configuration) and
the antenna feeder system is rectangular waveguide. The ODU-Diplexer and HSB-coupler flange types
and corresponding waveguides to be used (if remote mount) is shown in Table 5-17. The ODU-Diplexer
and HSB-coupler aluminium flanges are protected by chromate coating.

Frequency band

[GHz]

Waveguide

(remote mount)

ODU-Diplexer and

HSB-Coupler

Flange types

L6/U6 7/8 11 13 15 18/23/26 32/38

R70 /

WR137

PDR70 CBR84 CBR100 CBR120 CBR140 CBR220 CBR320

R84 /

WR112

R100 /

WR90

R120 /
WR75

R140 /
WR62

R220 /

WR42

R320 /
WR28

Table 5-17 ODU flanges and waveguide

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 33

5.6. IFU-ODU Interface

5.6.1. Cable interface characteristics

The following signals are transmitted via the cable:

• Transmit and Receive data signal.

• Power to the ODU.

• IFU - ODU Communication (IO-Com) for configuration and control of the ODU.

The cable interface has over-voltage, over-current and reverse polarity protection.
The equipment compensates automatically for different cable lengths.

5.6.2. Cable characteristics

The cable must be in accordance with the following requirements:

Characteristic impedance: 50 ± 3 Ω
Maximum attenuation at 47 MHz: 9 dB
Maximum attenuation at 140 MHz: 18 dB
Maximum attenuation at 373 MHz: 30 dB
Maximum cable length: 300 m
Connector: TNC, male

Recommended cables and maximum lengths at 40.5 Volt:

Cable

50ΩΩΩΩ

Cinta CNT 400 (¼″) (Andrew)
Heliax LDF1-50. (¼″) (Andrew)
Cellflex LCF 14-50J(¼″) (RFS)
Heliax LDF2-50. (3/8″) (Andrew)
Cellflex LCF 38-50J (3/8″) (RFS)

Maximum cable length with

minimum supply voltage. (40.5

volt)

200
200

200

300

300

Table 5-18 Cable lengths, IFU-ODU cable

34 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

5.7. Radio Protection Switching (RPS)

5.7.1. Specification of the protection switching system

In order to facilitate switching without introducing bit-errors, a hitless switching system is provided. The
Radio Protection Switching function is used in HSB and 1+1 Frequency Diversity configurations.
Automatic and manual switching is available. The manual switching can be hitless or forced and is
performed from the Element Manager. In Hot Standby configurations the TX- and RX- switching at a
terminal normally operates independently, but they may be configured to operate together.

5.7.2. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Rx

Alarm Switch time Configurable

EW (Early Warning) * Yes
LBER (Light degradation) * Yes
HBER (Significant degradation) 5 ms Yes
Low RF Input level 5 ms Yes
Sync loss OOF 5 ms No
Rx Alarm IFU (LOF, LOC) 5 ms No
The thresholds for the BER criteria, HBER, LBER and Early Warning (EW), are configurable.
* Depending on alarm detection time.

5.7.3. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Tx

Alarm Switch time

LIU TX Alarm 50 ms
IFU Basic Frame TX Alarm 50 ms
RIU TX Alarm 50 ms
Radio TX Alarm (ODU) 50 ms

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 35

6. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS

The E1/T1 signals and Ethernet traffic are mapped in to a scalable frame for transport towards the ODU.
This frame has in addition to the main traffic two 64 kb/s service channels for user traffic. Ethernet traffic
is scaleable in steps of E1s or T1s.

6.1. User Interfaces

The IFU can be equipped with the following interface units:

• 12xE1 and 25xE1

• 8xT1 and 16xT1

• 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit

• EOW Unit (Service channel)

• Alarm and Control Unit

• SDH/SONET DXC Unit

•

155 Mb/s electrical or optical interface

6.2. Ethernet functionality

6.2.1. General

One of the Ethernet ports at the SU is used for user traffic. The interface is 10/100BASE-TX. The
Ethernet traffic can be mixed with TDM traffic and is scaleable in steps of E1s or T1s

.

6.2.2. Ethernet Traffic Mapping

Ethernet traffic is mapped into E1s or T1s using a proprietary method

.

6.2.3. Flow Control

Ethernet Flow Control can be enabled/disabled.

6.2.4. MAC learning

MAC-learning can be enabled/disabled. MAC-table aging is configurable.

6.2.5. Link-Loss Failure pass through on the Ethernet port

Evolution Series supports a Link-Loss Failure pass through, LLF. This is useful for routers or switches to
detect that the Ethernet connection has failed or there is no pass through connection through the radio link
side. The LLF function is based on the principle that the interface on the opposite side will be
disconnected when the link on the Ethernet port or the radio link has failed. Hence, a failure situation will
be communicated to either ends in the link configuration.

When there is a radio link failure, the LLF function will control the Ethernet link on the opposite side of
the radio link by the link status on each side. I.e. if the incoming Ethernet signal on one side is
disconnected, the output on the Ethernet port on the opposite side will be turned off.

36 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

6.3. Transmission Interfaces

6.3.1. Interface characteristics 1.5 Mbit/s

Electrical interface according to ANSI T1.102-1993 and ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Bitrate: 1.544 Mbit/s ± 32 ppm
Line code: B8ZS
Impedance: 100 Ω balanced.
Line Build Out [feet]: 0-133, 133-266, 266-399,

399-533, & 533-655
Connector type wayside: RJ-45/RJ48C
Connector type tributaries: 50 pin multiconnector

6.3.2. Interface characteristics 2 Mbit/s

Interface parameters according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Bitrate: 2.048 Mbit/s ± 50 ppm
Line code: HDB3
Impedance: 120 Ω balanced
Maximum attenuation of input signal at 1.024 MHz: 6 dB
Connector type wayside: RJ-45/RJ48C
Connector type tributaries: 50 pin multiconnector

6.3.3. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s electrical

Electrical interface according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:
Bitrate: 155.520 Mbit/s ± 20 ppm
Line code: CMI
Impedance: 75 Ω unbalanced
Maximum attenuation of input signal at 78 MHz: 12.7 dB
Connector type: DIN47297, 1.0/2.3mm, dual (IEC 60169-29)

6.3.4. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Intermediate Reach

Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 – single mode).
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; S-1.1 and ANSI: T1.105.06; IR-1
Approximate reach: 15 km

Bitrate: 155.520 Mbit/s ± 20 ppm
Operating wavelength range: 1261 - 1360 nm
Source type: MLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: -8 dBm

- Minimum: -15 dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity (BER < 10
Minimum receiver overload: -8 dBm
Connector type: LC Duplex

-10

): -28 dBm

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 37

6.3.5. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1300nm

Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 – single mode). Approximate reach: 40 km
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; L-1.1 and ANSI: T1.105.06-1996; LR-1

Bitrate: 155.520 Mbit/s ± 20 ppm
Operating wavelength range: 1263 - 1360 nm
Source type: MLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: 0 dBm

- Minimum: -5dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity (BER < 10

-10

): - 34 dBm
Minimum receiver overload: -10 dBm
Connector type: LC Duplex

6.3.6. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1500nm

Optical interface based on single mode fibre (G.652 – single mode). Approximate reach: 80 km
According to ITU-T Rec. G.957; L-1.2 and ANSI: T1.105.06-1996; LR-2

Bitrate: 155.520 Mbit/s ± 20 ppm
Operating wavelength range: 1480 - 1580 nm
Source type: SLM
Mean launched power: - Maximum: 0 dBm

- Minimum: -5dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity (BER < 10
Minimum receiver overload: -10 dBm
Connector type: LC Duplex

-10

): -34 dBm

6.3.7. Interface characteristics Ethernet – 10/100 BASE-TX:

Connector type: RJ-45
Electrical interface: IEEE 802.3 Full Duplex

The interfaces are configurable by management software:

• Each port can be configurable Auto-Negotiation, 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX, half or full

duplex.

• Flow control for full duplex connection according to IEEE 802.3x.

38 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

6.4. Auxiliary interfaces

6.4.1. 64 kb/s channel characteristics

Two 64kb/s user channels are available.

Interface alternatives:

• Two 64kb/s according to ITU-T G.703, Co-directional timing or

• One 64kb/s according to ITU-T G.703, Contra-directional timing and one 64kb/s according to

ITU-T V.11, Contra-directional timing without byte timing

Connector type: RJ-45

6.4.2. Service telephone/Orderwire interfaces

The unit has four RJ-45 connectors, one for handset and three for analogue connections (east/west
bridging).
Telephone connector type: RJ-45 (IEC 60603-7)

The performance of the service telephone complies in general with ITU-T Rec. G.712:

• Code: PCM

• Signalling: DTMF according to ITU-T Rec. Q.23

• Frequency range: 0.3 – 3.4 kHz

• Impedance 600 Ω

The unit has three 4-wire analogue interfaces for connection to other service channel equipment:



OE1 and OE2 Interfaces:

• Not Galvanic Isolated.

• Input/output level -6 dBm

4 Wire Interface:

• Galvanic Isolated

• Input/output level: 4 dBm, 0 dBm -6 dBm (Nominal) and -10 dBm.

The EOW is transported in one of the two available 64 kb/s channels.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 39

6.4.3. Alarm and Control Unit

The unit has four RJ45 connectors.
Transient protection: Amplitude: < 100 V
Transient protection: Duration: < 10 ms, non-repetitive

External alarm input interfaces:

Number: Eight two-pin interfaces. Galvanic isolated.
Interface: Current loop
State on: > 3.0 mA
State off: < 1.0 mA

Relay output interfaces:

Number: Four two-pin outputs.
Contact Ratings
Inductive Load: 0.5A at 24V DC

0.1A at 110V DC

Resistive Load: 0.8A at 24V DC

0.1A at 110V DC

Analogue Input Interfaces:

Number Seven single ended inputs, common analogue ground. Not galvanic

isolated.

4 inputs: Voltage Range: 0-20V DC

Impedance >100k ohm

2 inputs: Voltage Range: 18-65V DC

Impedance >100k ohm

1 input: Current Range: 0-50 mA

Impedance 50ohm

40 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS

7.1. General

The powerful integrated supervisory system of Evolution Series provides user-access to the NEs in a most
dynamic manner. The management function in the NE can be accessed by the use of a web-browser,
Command Line Interface (CLI) or by a SNMP manager such as the NERAs management systems
NetMaster EM/NMS.

Note 1: Configuration from CLI is limited.

A NE is controlling all the units connected to a specific node with a common supervisory unit. The NE
software performs the following management tasks:

Fault management: Collecting and logging of alarms and analogue measurements from the

management units connected to the Node.

Performance management: Collecting and logging quality measurements according to standards

(G.784)

Configuration management: Configuration of node (including configuration up/download) and

Software download

Security management: Configuration of user id/password and the users privileges in the NE.

Includes logging in NE of user actions.

7.1.1. Event logging

Evolution Series NEs can log events and faults in the local fault log. The log size is 10.000 events. The
log can be set to wrap-around or halt when it is full. Alarm logging can be masked based on severity
level. An operator (with administrator privileges) can also clear the log.

7.1.2. Monitoring of system performance

Transmission performance data is monitored continuously by the built-in supervision function. The
supervision function performs measurements and calculations based on the parity bits in each E1/T1.
Traffic bit error rate information from the modem is also available.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 41

7.1.2.1. System performance calculations

Performance is based on measuring the error-rate on individual E1 or T1. The following system quality
calculations are included:

• Error Second Ratio (ESR)

• Severely Error Second Ratio (SESR)

• Background Block Error Ratio (BBER)

• Unavailable state (UAS)

7.1.2.2. Performance record logging

Performance logging can be activated for one E1/T1 at a time. 15-min, 24-hour and month records are
calculated. The log contains the current and last month, current and last 24-hour and current and the
sixteen last 15-min records. Threshold values can be defined each of the performance records and a
performance alarm will be raised if the threshold is exceeded for any of the periods.

In addition cumulative error counters for parity pulses are available. The operator can read and reset the
counters.

7.1.3. Security management

The user must have a username and password defined in the NE in order to log in. Each user name is
defined with access privileges. Four levels are defined;

User level Privileges
Passive Users Passive users are only able to monitor data. They are not able to change any

configuration.

Active Users Same as Passive. In addition active users are able to reset counters.
Master Users Master users have access to all commands, except those related to user account

administration and Configuration/SW download.

Admin Users Admin users have access to all commands. The Admin user is the administrator and is

responsible for adding, deleting and managing user accounts and privileges. In addition
the admin user is responsible for Configuration/SW download.

7.1.3.1. Security event logging

The NE can log events related to security. The log size is 1000 events. When it is full it will wrap-around.
The operator (with administrator privileges) can also clear the log.

42 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

7.2. ECC (Embedded Communication Channel)

For communication over a link the ECC channel in the radio-frame is used. The capacity of the ECC
channel is 256 kb/s.

7.2.1. IP Routing

The Supervisory system contains a routing function that enables routing of TCP/IP and UDP/IP traffic
between the various management interfaces such as the Ethernet interface and the ECC channel. The
routing protocol used is OSPF/RIP2. This enables both transport of Evolution Series management traffic
as well as other telecom equipment IP based management protocols.

7.2.2. Embedded SNMP agent

The embedded SNMP agent supports the following management functions.

• Basic monitoring of network and interface parameters

• Fault Management

Supports enumeration of possible alarms, current alarm table and historic alarms (log).

• Analogue measurements

Received signal level.

• Performance measurements

7.3. Interfaces to the supervision system

7.3.1. General

Four external interfaces are available for the supervision system.

LAN interface Two 10/100BASE-TX interfaces, IEEE 802.3 Full Duplex.
Connector type: RJ-45
USB interface Two USB ports are available, one host and one device. The host port serves as

LCT interface.

7.3.2. LEDs

All IFU units have a LED indicating power on and alarm status.

Colour: Indication:

Continuous green : Power on, normal operation
Continuous red Alarm on unit
Slow blinking red Unit is receiving configuration
Fast blinking red Units is not configured or is placed in a wrong IFU slot

Table 7-1 LED status indications

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 43

Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the input to telecommunication

dependent requirements for digital systems operating in frequency bands where

ized EN covering essential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive for

relay systems operating in the 11 GHz

relay systems operating in the 13 GHz

relay systems operating in the 15 GHz

relay systems operating in the 18 GHz

relay systems operating in the 23 GHz

g in the 38 GHz

8. REFERENCES

Document code: Title/Description:

ETSI EN 301 489-4 V1.4.1 (2002-

08)

ETSI EN 300 019-1-1 V2.1.4
(2003-04)
ETSI EN 300 019-1-2 V2.1.4
(2003-04)
ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 V2.1.2
(2003-04)
ETSI EN 300 019-1-4 V2.1.2
(2003-04)
ETSI EN 300 132-2 V2.1.2 (2003-

09)
ETSI EN 302 217-1 V1.1.1 (2004-

12)
ETSI EN 302 217-2-1 V1.1.1
(2004-12)
ETSI EN 302 217-2-2 V1.1.1
(2004-12)
CENELEC EN 60950: 2000 Safety of information technology equipment
CENELEC EN 60215: 1989 Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment
CENELEC EN 60825-1 1994 Safety of laser products, Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user’s

CENELEC EN 60825-2 2000 Safety of laser products, Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems
ITU-R Rec. F.746-7 (2003) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed service systems
ITU-R Rec. F.1099-3 (1999) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay systems operating

ITU-R Rec. F.383-7 (2001) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay systems operating

ITU-R Rec. F.384-8 (2004-01) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue or

ITU-R Rec. F.385-8 (2005) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 7 GHz

ITU-R Rec. F.386-6 (1999-02) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue or

ITU-R Rec. F.387-9 (2002-05) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-

ITU-R Rec. F.497-6 (1999) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-

ITU-R Rec. F.636-3 (1994) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-

ITU-R Rec. F.595-8 (2003-02) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-

ITU-R Rec. F.637-3 (1999) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-

ITU-R Rec. F.748-4 (2001) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 25, 26,

ITU-R F.1520-2 (2003-02) Radio-frequency arrangements for systems in the fixed service operating in the band

ITU-R Rec. F.749-2 (2001) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operatin

ITU-R Rec. F.750-4 (2000-05) Architectures and functional aspects of radio-relay systems for synchronous digital

ITU-T Rec. G.703 (11/2001) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
ITU-T Rec. G.823 (03/2000) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 2048

ITU-T Rec. G.825 (03/2000) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the

Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Electro Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 4: Specific
conditions for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment and services. For grade B
equipment
Classification of environmental conditions; Storage. Class 1.2, weather protected

Classification of environmental conditions; Transportation. Class 2.3, public
transportation
Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weather protected
locations. Class 3.2, partly temperature controlled locations
Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weather protected
locations

equipment; Part 1: Interface operated by Direct Current (DC)
Overview and system-independent common characteristics

System­frequency co-ordination is applied
Harmon
digital systems operating in frequency bands where frequency co-ordination is applied

guide

in the 5 GHz (4 400-5 000 MHz) band

in the lower 6 GHz band

digital radio-relay systems operating in the upper 6 GHz band

band

digital radio-relay systems operating in the 8 GHz band

band

frequency band

band

band

band

and 28 GHz bands

31.8-33.4 GHz

band

hierarchy (SDH)-based network

kbit/s hierarchy

44 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Cabinet and pitches

synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).

ITU-T Rec. G.826 (02/1999) Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digital

paths at or above the primary rate

ITU-T Rec. G.828 (03/2000) Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate

synchronous digital paths
ITU-T Rec. G.921 (11/1988) Digital Sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.
ITU-T Rec. G.957 (06/1999) Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital

hierarchy
ITU-T Rec. G.958 (11/1994) Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on optical fiber

cable
ETSI TR 101 036-1 V1.3.1 (2002-

08)

CEPT/ERC Rec. 74-01 E (2002-10) Spurious Emissions
CEPT/ERC Rec 14-01 E (1996-08) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity analogue and digital radio-

CEPT/ERC Rec 14-02 E (1996-08) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity digital radio-

CEPT/ECC Rec 02-06 (2002-08) Preferred channel arrangement for digital fixed service systems operating in the

CEPT/ERC Rec. 12-06 E (1996-12) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems

CEPT /ERC/REC 12-02 (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for analogue and digital terrestrial

CEPT/ERC/REC 12-07 E (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems

CEPT/ERC/REC 12-03 (1996-08) Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems

CEPT T/R 13-02 (1994-02) Preferred channel arrangements for fixed services in the range 22.0-29.5 GHz
IEC 297-2

IEC 297-3 Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Sub-rack and

IEC 60169-16, Ed. 1.0 Radio-frequency connectors. Part 16: R.F. coaxial connectors with inner diameter of

IEC 60169-29, Ed. 1.0 Radio-frequency connectors - Part 29: Miniature r.f. coaxial connectors with screw-,

IEC 60603-7 (1996) Connectors for electronic equipment - Part 7-1: Detail specification for 8-way, shielded

IEC 60835-2-8 (1993-05) Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission

IEEE 802.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Generic wordings for standards on

digital radio systems characteristics; Part 1: General aspects and point-to-point

equipment parameters

relay systems operating in the band 5925 MHz – 6425 MHz

relay systems operating in the band 6425 MHz – 7125 MHz

frequency range 7125-8500 MHz

operating in the band 10.7 – 11.7 GHz

fixed systems operating in the band 12.75 GHz to 13.25 GHz

operating in the bands 14.5 - 14.62 GHz paired with 15.23 - 15.35 GHz

operating in the band 17.7 GHz to 19.7 GHz

of the rack structures”.

associated plug in units”.

outer conductor 7 mm (0.276 in) with screw coupling - Characteristic impedance 50

ohms (75 ohms)

push-pull and snap-on coupling or slide-in rack and panel applications; Characteristic

impedance 50 ohms

free and fixed connectors with common mating features, with assessed quality

systems - Measurements on terrestrial radio-relay systems - Adaptive equalizer.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 45

ANSI/Industry Canada:

Document code:

Radio Frequency Channel Plans:

FCC 47 CFR Part 101 Fixed Microwave Services
SRSP – 305.9 Technical Requirements for Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Fixed Service in the

SRSP – 306.4 Technical Requirements for Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Fixed Service in the

SRSP – 307.1 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-Sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 7125-7725

SRSP – 307.7 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 7725-8275

SRSP – 310.7 Technical Requirements for Fixed Line-of-sight Radio Systems Operating in the Band 10.7-11.7

Electromagnetic Compatibility:
FCC 47CFR Part 15 Radio Frequency Devices (EMC regulations)

Safety:

CAN/CSA 22.2 No. 60950-00 Safety – Information processing and business equipment
UL 1950 Safety of Information Technology Equipment

SONET:

ANSI Rec. T1.105 SONET - Basic Description including Multiplex Structure, Rates and Formats
ANSI Rec. T1.105.06-1996 Telecommunications-Synchronous Optical Network (SONET): Physical Layer Specifications
ANSI Rec. T1.646-1995 Broadband ISDN Physical Layer Specification for User Network Interfaces Including DS1/ATM
ANSI T1.102-1993 Digital Hierarchy – Electrical Interfaces”.

Band 5915 – 6425 MHz

Band – 6425 – 6930 MHz

MHz

MHz

GHz

Title/Description:

9. TERMINOLOGY

Abbreviation: Description:

ACAP
ACCP

ADM

AIS

ALM

ATDE
ATPC

AUX
BER

C/I

DCC

DF-SP

ECC

EM
EMC
EOW

EW

GFP

HBER

HSB

IFU

LAN

LBER

LIU

LCT
LOF

LOS

MLM

MTBF

NMS

OC-3

ODU

Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarisation
Adjacent Channel Co-Polarisation
Add/Drop/Multiplex
Alarm Indication Signal
External alarm input/output

Alternating Polarisation

AP

Adaptive Time Domain Equaliser
Automatic Transmitter Power Control
Auxiliary functions

Bit Error Rate
Carrier to Interference ratio
Channel Spacing

CS

Data Communications Channel
Dual Frequency – Single Polarisation
Embedded Control Channel
Element Manager
Electro Magnetic Compatibility
Engineering Order Wire
Early Warning
Generic Framing Procedure
High Bit Error Rate
HotStandBy
InterFace Unit
Local Area Network port (10/100BASE-TX Ethernet)

Low Bit Error Rate
Line Interface Unit

Local Craft Terminal
Loss Of Frame
Loss Of Signal
Multi-Longitudinal Mode
Mean Time Between Failure
Network Management System
Optical Carrier – level 3 = 155Mbit/s (OC-1 – level 1 = 51.84 Mbit/s)
OutDoor Unit

46 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

Abbreviation: Description:

OOF
PDH

PRBS

PXC

PWR

RIU

RF

ROHS

RPS

RX

SERV

SDH

SETS

SF-DP

SNCP

SNMP

SONET

STM-1

SVCE

TCP/IP

TX

USB

WEEE

XCVR

XIF

XPIC

Out Of Frame
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
Pseudo Random Bit Sequence
PDH-X-Connect
Power Supply

Radio Interface Unit
Radio Frequency

Restriction on Hazardous Substances
Radio Protection Switching
Receiver
Service function (plug-in unit)

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
Synchronous Equipment Timing Source
Single Frequency - Dual Polarisation
Sub Network Connection Protection
Simple Network Management Protocol
Synchronous Optical Network
Synchronous Transport Module, 1 means the lowest defined data rate = 155.520 Mbit/sec
Supervisory Unit

SU

SerVice ChannEl, used to define the voice channel circuit board
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Transmitter
Universal Serial Bus

Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment
Transmitter/Receiver

XPIC Improvement Factor
X-Polar Interference Canceller

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 47

6138

6740

7226

7264

7233

7526

7564

7526

7569

7380

7638

7411

7956

8122

8171

8347

8307

8330

11175

10915

11155

10935

11175

12877

12963

14676

14914

14732

14914

APPENDIX 1 – ODU/DIPLEXER SUB-BAND RANGE

The sub-band tuning range in the table is specified with the RF-channel bandwidth as given in the last
column. The sub-band range is wider if configured radio channel bandwidth is narrower.

Freq.

band

[GHz]

5.9-6.4 252.04

5.9-6.4 252.04

6.4-7.1 340

6.4-7.1 100

7.1-7.4 154,161

7.1-7.4 175

7.1-7.4 196

7.4-7.7 150

7.4-7.7

7.4-7.7 168

7.2-7.5 161

7.4-7.9 245

7.1-7.7

7.7-8.3 310

7.9-8.4 266

7.9-8.5 310

8.2-8.5 119/126

8.2-8.5 154

11 490/530

11 530

11 490

13 266

15 490

15 420

Duplex

Spacing

154,161,

182

300

Tx.

Freq:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Sub-band 1 Sub-band 2 Sub-band 3

5945 – 6034

6197 - 6287
5930 - 6020
6182 - 6272
6450 - 6580
6790 - 6920

7128 - 7184
7289 - 7345
7128 - 7184
7289 - 7345
7121 - 7177
7317 - 7373
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645
7428 - 7484
7589 - 7645
7266 - 7321
7427 - 7482

7442 - 7526
7687 – 7771
7139 – 7261
7439 – 7561

7732 - 7837

8039 - 8149

7919 - 8013

8185 - 8279
7919 – 8031

8229 - 8341

8287.5 - 8305
8411 - 8427
8217 - 8248
8370 - 8400

10735 - 10935
11225 - 11465
10715 ­11245 - 11445
10725 ­11215 - 11425
12765 ­13031 - 13143
14417 ­14907 - 15166
14515 ­14935 - 15152

6595
6695

6063 - 6154

6315 – 6406

6049 ­6301 - 6390
6610 ­6950 - 7080

6625

6725
7170 ­7331 - 7387

7177 ­7373 - 7429

7470 ­7631 - 7687
7470 ­7631 - 7687
7325 -

7486 – 7542

7554 -

7799 – 7883

7289 -

7289 – 7411

7836 -

8147 – 8267

8031 -

8297 – 8388

8059 -

8369 – 8481

8330 -

8453 – 8469

8273 -

8428 – 8458
10975 ­11465 - 11665
10955 ­11485 - 11685
10965 ­11455 – 11665
12849 –
13115 - 13229
14669 ­15117 - 15334
14669 ­15117 - 15334

6655

6755
7205 ­7366 - 7425

7505 -

7666 – 7725

7513 -

7681 – 7737

8299-

8452 - 8482

RF

Channel

BW

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

40 MHz

30 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

~28 MHz

40 MHz

40 MHz

30 MHz

28 MHz

28 MHz

28 MHz

48 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

14683

14781

14893

18193.5

18662.5

18112.5

18195

580

18181

18566

21772

22316

21775

22375

15 644/728

15 315

18 1010

18 1560

18 1092.5

18 1120

23 1232

23 1200

23 1008

26 1008

28 1008

32 812

38 1260

38 700

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

Low:

High:

14515 ­15159 - 15334
14641 ­14956 - 15096

17727.5 –

18737.5 – 19202.5

17727.5 –

19287.5 – 19672.5

17727.5 ­18820 - 19287.5

17742 -

18834- 19273

21228 –

22428 - 22988
21225 ­22425 - 22991
22031 - 22562
23039 - 23570
24577 - 24976

25585 – 25984

27576.5 - 27975.5

28584.5 - 28983.5
31843 - 32200
32655 - 33012
37086 - 37590
38346 - 38850
38625 - 38800
39325 - 39500

14753 -

15068 - 15208
18195 –
19205 – 19672.5

18112.5 - 18
19205 - 19672.5

18127 -

19219 – 19658

21791 -

23023 – 23548

21825 -

23025 – 23575

24997 - 25417

26005 - 26425

27996.5 - 28416.5

29004.5 - 29424.5
32218 - 32543
33030 - 33355
37646 - 38150
38906 - 39410
38850 - 39025
39550 - 39725

39075 - 39275
39775 - 39975

28 MHz

28 MHz

55 MHz

55 MHz

27.5 MHz

55 MHz

56 MHz

50 MHz

56 MHz

56 MHz

56 MHz

56 MHz

56 MHz

50 MHz

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 49

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50 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006

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Nera Networks AS

Kokstadveien 23
PO Box 7090, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

www.nera.no