Necchi Supernova Instructions Manual

Instructions
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For
Servicing The Necchi Supernova Sewing Machine
ANALYTICAL INDEX
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Pages INSTRUCTIONS TO BE GIVEN TO THE CUSTOMER . 1
- Using the correct needle 1
- Correct threading of the SUPERNOVA when using One needle 2
- Threading of the SUPERNOVA when using two need­Les (twin needle) 3
- To disconnect the " Automatic " 4
- Changing from Automatic to Straight Sewing . . . 5
- Cleaning of shuttle race and feed dog . . . . 5
- Adjusting the Thread Tensions 8
- Cleaning 10
- Lubrication 11 ADJUSTING THE MOVEMENTS OF THE VARIOUS GROUPS OF PARTS IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER (TIMING THE MACHINE) 12
- Timing of shuttle and needle bar in the SUPERNOVA 13
- Timing of feed dog and needle bar 26 Timing the regulating shaft of the stitch length re­gulating knob (Fig. 35) 29
- Timing of the Automatic Control Eccentric A 85241 ( F i g . 3 9 ) . . . 36
- Timing of the zig-zag movement and the movement Of the needle bar 38 HOW TO DISMANTLE THE UPPER GROUP OF THE ZIG-ZAG MECHANISM (Figs. 46 and 47) 43 HOW TO ASSEMBLE THE UPPER GROUP OF THE ZIG ZAG MECHANISM (Fig. 46) 46
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IMPORTANT ADJUSTMENTS TO BE MADE AFTER THE REASSEMBLY OF THE UPPER GROUP OF THE ZIG ZAG MECHANISM 50 MINOR ADJUSTMENTS IN THE UPPER GROUP OF THE ZIG-ZAG MECHANISM 51 THE F E ED DOG 54
- Adjustment of any Looseness in the Feeding Mecha­nism 55
- Adjusting the Height of Teeth of the Feed Dog above the Needle Plate 55
- Alignment of Feed Dog in relation to the slots in the Needle Plate 58
- How to check the alignment between the underside of the presser foot and the teeth of the feed dog . . 60 5 - Minor adjustments of the Feed Dog 62 HOW TO CONTROL THE PRESSURE OF THE PRESSER FOOT 62
- Positioning of presser bar and presser foot . . . 63
- Height of Presser Foot 64 UPPER THREAD TENSION 66
- The T hread Take-Up Spring (Check Spring) of the Upper Tension 67
- Positioning of the Tension Mechanism in relation to the Hole in the Arm 69
- Tension of the lower Thread (tension of the Bobbin Case) 70 THE OSCILLATING SHUTTLE 71 TO REMOVE THE FEED ECCENTRIC CONNECT ING ROD N° D 85506 AND THE CONNECT ING RODS OF THE STITCH LENGTH REGULATION MECHANISM (Figs. 74 and 75) 74
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HOW TO REMOVE THE STITCH LENGTH REGULATING KNOB AND THE REGULATING SHAFT (Fig. 75) . . . 76 HOW TO REASSEMBLE THE STITCH LENGTH REGULATING KNOB AND THE REGULATING SHAFT . . . 76 H O W T O R EA S SEM B LE T H E F EE D EC C EN T RI C ROD N " D 85506 AND T HE CONNECTING RODS OF THE STITCH LENGTH REGULAT I N G M E C H A N I S M ((Fig. 74 and 75) 79
- General Rules with Reference to important Adjustments of Stitch Length Regulating Knob and Regulating Shaft 80
- Adjustment of the Friction of the Stitch Length Re-
gulating Knob . . . . . . . . 81
3 - Zero Position of the Stitch Length Regulating Knob 82 ADJUSTMENT OF THE FEED DOG DISENGAGING ME CHANISM (See figs. 79 and 80) 83 ADJUSTMENT OF THE ECCENTRIC N° 85663 ON THE NEEDLE POSITIONING LEVER N° C 85662 (Fig. 81) . . 86 ADJUSTMENT OF THE AXIAL PLAY (END PLAY) OF THE UPPER SHAFT 87 ADJUSTMENT OF THE CONTACT FINGERS N° A 26/1/23 AND N° A 26/1/13 WHICH REGULATE THE POSITION OF THE NEEDLE AND THAT OF THE ZIG-ZAG WIDTH REGULATING LEVER 89 ADJUS T MENT OF T HE FEED REGULATI NG ROD (W HICH REGULATES THE "AUTOMATIC " LEN GTH OF THE STITCH N" A 26/3/21 92
L
Some Troubles and their Remedies..... 95
ADJUSTMENT OF THE NUMBER OF IMPULSES FOR EACH TURN OF THE CAM AXLE 96 How to count the Number of Impulses of th e Cam Axle 98
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ASSEMBLING THE PARTS UNDERNEATH THE MOUNT ING PLATE N" C (A 26/1/1) OF THE AUTOMATIC DE VICE (Fig. 93) 100
- Preparation of assembling the group as shown in fig. 94 101
- Preassembling of group Fig. 95 102 How to adjust the group of Fig. 95 in the mounting Plate N° C (A 26/1/1) for the Automatic Device (see Fig. 98) 104 TAKING CARE OF THE SEW ING MACHINE MOTOR . 108 A - Motor does not run at all or runs only sluggishly • . 108 B - How to replace the motor brushes 109 C - Motor turns tightly I l l D - Motor runs but does not pull machine . . . 112 E - Motor is weak 112 F - Motor gets too hot 112
G - Motor smokes or emits a burning smell. . . . 113
H - Motor runs noisily or growls. Rattling noise during Sewing 113
FOREWORD
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This service manual shall be used together with the instruction book for the SUPERNOVA Sewing Machine and with the parts catalogue for this machine. The maintenance of the SUPERNOVA Sewing Machine requires no special skill or knowledge. All that is needed is a certain mechanical aptitude and the availability of the necessary tools. This manual is intended only for those mechanics that make routine repairs and replace single defective parts. Major repairs should not be carried out by persons of limited experience. Therefore, if major repairs are required, it is suggested that the complete head be returned to the distributor, after prior authorization has been received from that distributor. The SUPERNOVA Sewing Machine, like practically all sewing ma­chines designed for household use, works on the principle of the Lockstitch. This type of stitch is obtained by interlocking the upper and lower thread inside the fabric, while the needle, going down to its lowest position, penetrates the fabric and rises again to its highest position. The two threads of the seam are thus tightly interlocked at every stitch, adhere closely to the fabric and hold the plies of the fabric firmly together. If either of the two threads breaks, or if the threads are cut off after the sewing operation is completed, the seam will not unravel, but only two or three stitches may get loose and open up. The illustrations Figures " a " to " d " indicate the formation of a single lockstitch and the interlocking of both threads in the fabric. All machines consist of two major portions, the arm and the bed. Arm and bed are firmly held together by means of screws and pins. In the horizontal portion of the arm is inserted the arm shaft (upper
Shaft) which obtains its rotary movement from the revolving
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balance wheel. The balance wheel, which is securely fastened to the right hand end of the arm shaft, is driven by a belt from an electric motor. The various movable parts of the sewing machine obtain their respective movements from the rotary of the arm shaft
with the aid of connecting rods, cranks, levers etc. . . . Below the
bed of the machine is mounted the oscillating shaft (driver shaft), to the left end of which is firmly attached the shuttle carrier. By means of a crank connecting rod, and oscillating rock shaft, a slide block and a shaft crank, the rotary movement of the arm shaft is transformed into the oscillating movement of the carrier shaft. The shuttle carrier, in turn, imparts the oscillating movement to the oscillating shuttle which moves back and forth inside of the shuttle race. The forward and backward, as well as the up and down movements of the feed dog, are also obtained from the rotary movement of the arm shaft by means of connect­ing rods, rock shafts and a feed bar below the bed of the machine. The up and down movement of the needle bar, as well as that of the thread take-up lever, is also derived from the rotary movement of the arm shaft by means of cranks and a connecting link. The bobbin case is placed on the post inside the oscillating shuttle and then pressed into the oscillating shuttle. The oscillating shuttle, after its point has entered the loop of the needle thread, makes a partial revolution, just sufficient to carry the enlarged loop of the needle thread over and around the bobbin case and then lets it slide off easily from the oscillating shuttle. After the rising thread take-up lever has pulled the needle thread away from the oscillating shuttle, the shuttle returns to its starting position. This oscillating movement of the shuttle is repeated at every stitch. To the arm of the machine are also attached the tension mechanism for the needle thread (upper tension), and the various thread guides which lead the thread from the spool to the needle. In the upper portion of the arm, the Automatic Device is installed, consisting of a mounting plate on which the cam-carrying bushing and the other component parts are assembled. The Automatic mechanism is driven by a suitable cam mounted on the upper shaft. The SUPERNOVA machine is provided with a built-in motor inside the arm, as well as a transformer which feeds the sewing light at 12 V and the motor at two different voltages giving two different speeds.
Tools and necessary accessories
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To service and repair any type of sewing machine efficiently, the mechanic should have available proper tools and several accessories, essential for a good maintenance job. He must know how to operate the machine and be familiar with the various mechanisms of the machine and the manner in which they are adjusted (timed). Finally, he must be scrupulous about cleaning the machine and oiling all the parts which require lubrication. For the mechanics we have available a tool kit containing all wrenches screw drivers and gauges for any repair and timing of the SUPERNOVA machine.
Suggestions for the mechanics
After a short examination of the machine, a good mechanic will be able to state with certainty whether the machine sews correctly or not and, consequently, whether repairs are required. Many times a customer calls in a mechanic to have a machine repaired which supposedly is out of order. Quite often the customer attributes the poor performance of the machine to imaginary defects of some of the sewing machine parts, while in reality the trouble lies in the customer's own lack of experience in using the machine. There are four fundamental questions every mechanic should ask in investigating the customer's knowledge with regard to the machine: Does the customer know what type and size of needle to use and how to insert the needle in the machine? Does the customer know how to thread the machine correctly? Does the customer know how to clean the shuttle race? Does the customer kn ow how to judge the tensions of upp er and lower thread and how to adjust these tensions, if necessary?
INSTRUCTIONS TO BE GIVEN TO THE CUSTOMER
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Using the correct needle.
The needle must be selected in accordance with the type of material to be sewn, the kind of work to be performed and the thickness of the thread to be used (see « Needle and Thread Chart » in Instruction Booklet). To insert the needle, proceed as follows: Turn the balance wheel by hand toward you until the needle bar reaches its highest position, then insert the needle so that the flat portion
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 of its shank faces the groove in the needle bar. Push the needle up into the needle bar as far as it will go, then firmly tighten the screw in the needle clamp so that the needle is held securely in the needle bar (see Figs. 1 and 2).
Correct threading of the SUPERNOVA when using one needle.
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Proceed as follows:
Fig. 3 Bring the needle to its highest position by tiring the balance wheel towards you.
Place spool of thread “H " on spool pin and draw thread through
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thread guide " S ", as shown in Fig. 3. Pull thread downward, then insert it from right to left between both tension discs and bring it upward again over the check spring " D” (Fig. 3). Bring the thread downward under the thread guide tension arm " G ", pass it through the slot " F” and then upward through the guide hook " K ". Pull the thread upward and pass it, from right to left, through the eyelet " L " of the thread take-up lever. Draw the thread downward, passing again through the slot " F " and into the guide hook " K ". Pull the thread downward and, by means of a twisting motion, bring it into the thread guide " N " on the needle clamp. h) Finally, guide the thread, from left to right, through the eye of the needle “T ", pull the thread through the needle eye, leaving about four inches of free thread hanging down from the needle.
Threading of the SUPERNOVA when using two needles (twin needle).
The threading of the SUPERNOVA with double needle is illustrated in Fig. 4. The unwinding of the thread from the two spools must take place as shown in Fig. 4 to keep the two threads separated. The two threads must pass separately through the upper and the lower holes of the thread guide " S ". To keep the two threads separated, pass one thread between the tension discs " A " and " B ", and the other one between the ten-
sion discs " B " and " C ". The thread, running between the ten-
sion discs " A " and " B ", must pass through the loop " D " of the check-spring, whereas the other thread must pass through the loop " E " of the same spring.
The two threads must be inserted separately, one in each of
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the two thread guides " M " and " N " on the needle clamp.
Fig. 4
To disconnect the “Automatic"'.
This operation has to be done when the machine is at a standstill. Turn the design regulating knob clockwise until the square mark (*) is in line with the mark above this knob. Turn the balance wheel for one full turn, toward you. Turn the design regulating knob clockwise again, until the triangle sign and the mark above the knob are in line (Stop). The “Automatic " is now completely disconnected.
Changing from automatic sewing to straight sewing.
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Disconnect the "Automatic" as already explained on page 4. Remove the cams from the machine by proceeding as follows:
Swing the Cam Disengaging Lever (at the rear of the arm) entirely to the left as far as it will go. Open the small cover on top of the arm and take out the cams. Close small cover again. Swing back the Cam Disengaging Lever entirely to the right as far as it will go. The machine is now ready for straight sewing.
Fig. 5 Fig. 6
Cleaning of shuttle race and feed dog.
Bring the needle up to its highest position by turning the balance Wheel toward you. Move slide plate to extreme left. h) Tilt the machine back on its hinges, so that the underside is in Full view. c) Rotate the needle plate release lever (Fig. 6) in the direction of Arrow “C “until the center stud in the needle plate becomes free, Then remove the needle plate.
Note: To fasten the needle plate after having placed it in its re-
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ceptacle, push the lever shown in Fig. 6 in the direction of the arrow “A " and, at the same time, rotate it in the direction of the arrow " B ". Clean teeth of feed dog with a small brush (Fig. 7). Clean also underside of needle plate around vicinity of feed dog. Lift latch of bobbin case with thumb and forefinger of left hand (Fig. 8), and remove bobbin case by pulling it toward the left and out of the machine. /) Snap out pins " Z " (Fig. 9) by swinging them sideways, and, with left hand, remove the race cover plate " T " by turning it away From the race. g) Remove shuttle (hook) "R" by gripping its center stud with thumb and forefinger of left hand and pulling it to the left and out of the Machine. This leaves the shuttle race free for cleaning. h) Remove lin t and pieces of thread with a piece of rag, or brush With a small brush. Put a drop of oil into the race and oil rim only Of shuttle (hook). i) To replace shuttle (hook), insert it into the race with thumb and Forefinger of left hand, fitting it into place opposite the shuttle
Fig. 7 Carrier without using force (Fig. 10). k) Place the race cover plate “T " onto the two small studs " G "
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Fig. 10
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and snap pins " Z " back into place (Fig. 9). Insert bobbin case, replace needle plate (as shown in Figs. 5 and 6) and lower the machine to its working position.
Adjusting the thread tensions.
The tensions of upper and lower thread are correctly balanced if both threads interlock in the center of the fabric, as shown in Fig. 12. If the tension of the upper thread is too strong in relation to that of the lower thread, the lower thread will be pulled up to the top surface of the fabric and appear there in the form of small knots or loops (see Fig. 13).
Fig. 11
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Fig. 12
Fig. 13
To correct this condition, make certain that the presser foot is
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down, then turn Tension Regulating Knob to the left. If tension of needle thread is too loose, or tension of bobbin thread is too tight, bobbin thread will lie straight along underside of fabric and needle thread will be pulled down to underside, being visible there in, the form of loops or small knots (Fig. 14). To correct this condition, make certain that the presser foot is down, then turn Regulating Knob to the right. Make several stitches to check whether needle thread tension is correct, and, if necessary, adjust further by turning Regulating Knob.
mm.
Fig. 14
Cleaning.
To clean the machine, prepare a mixture of 90 % kerosene and 10 % lubrication oil. Fill an oil can with the cleaning fluid, and also pour a sufficient quantity of this liquid into a pan. If the machine, due do dirt and gummed oil, runs heavily, force with the oil can, plenty of the cleaning fluid into all oil holes and on to all movable parts. Then run the machine at high speed until all dirt and hardened oil is washed out. Should some parts of the various mechanisms of the machine have become badly clogged with dirt and gummed oil, remove these parts from the machine and place them for a while in the pan filled with cleaning fluid. After the dirt and gummed oil have become loose, clean the parts with a small brush dipped in the cleaning fluid. Then wipe them dry with a soft clean rag. The electric motor must always be kept dry. Only the motor shaft requires a few drops of oil from time to time.
Lubrication.
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After the machine has been wiped clean with a rag, apply a drop of good oil to every movable part, to the bearings of the lower shaft (to which the shuttle carrier is attached) and to all other shaft bearings of the machine. The various oil holes in the machine indicate where the oil must be applied. Apply 20 to 30 drops of oil into hole " A " (on top cover, Fig. 15). Open the small cover and apply one or two drops of oil to the vertical gear indicated at " B " in Fig. 15. Apply also a drop of oil to the point indicated by " C " in Fig. 15. Finally, after having taken out the cams, apply also one or two drops of oil to the point indicated by " E " (Fig. 15).
Fig. 15 Use only Necchi oil.
ADJUSTING THE MOVEMENTS OF THE VARIOUS GROUPS
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OF PARTS IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER (TIMING THE MACHINE) To obtain a continuous and satisfactory performance from the machine, the movements of the various groups of parts in relation to each other must be adjusted (timed) in such a manner that the actions of these parts repeat themselves regularly at certain fixed time intervals. In the following are explained the most important timing procedures, omitting operations which are solely performed on the assembly line in the factory where the machines are made. For each timing procedure is also mentioned the corresponding timing gauge which should be part of the mechanic's equipment. Furthermore, whenever possible, a general rule for the timing procedure in question is given, in case the corresponding timing gauge should not be available to the mechanic. Timing, performed in accordance with the rules set down in the following chapters, is indispensable when: One or several elements of a group of parts have been replaced whose actions depend on those of another group of parts, or when entire groups of parts, depending on each other, must be removed and replaced. It is necessary to check the proper function of a group of parts in relation to another group of parts, the movements of these groups depending on each other. Certain disturbances must be eliminated which interfere with the proper progress of sewing. The following five interdependent adjustments are essential: The timing of the move ments of shuttle and needle bar. The timin g o f the movements of feed dog and needle bar.
The timing of the movements of the zig-zag mechanism and the
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needle bar. The timing of the Stitch Regulating Worm. The timing of the eccentric for the “Automatic ". Note: All these timings have been done and thoroughly checked in our factory during the assembly. We, therefore, can guarantee their perfection. In some cases, as for example the timing of shuttle and needle bar, the parts are fixed together by pins and, therefore, the timing will never change.
- Timing of shuttle and needle bar in the SUPERNOVA. Adjustment - Height of the Needle Bar. Turn the balance wheel by hand toward you until the point of the shuttle is just at the center of the rising needle. At this moment the point of the shuttle should be about 1/16" above the upper part of the needle eye (Fig. 16). If the distance " a " is more or less than 1/16", an adjustment is necessary. Loosen slightly screw No. 24 (Fig. 17) in the needle bar connecting stud No. 26025 so that the needle bar No. D 20037 is still held in position by friction. Now, without turning the balance wheel, push the needle bar up or down by hand until the distance " a " is equal to about 1/16". Tighten screw No. 24 firmly after this adjustment. This adjustment can also be achieved with the aid of the TIMING GAUGE No. 10-5. The gauge is composed of a body, similar to the shuttle, and of a false needle (gauge pin), contained in the upright of
a - about
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1/16"
Fig. 16 Fig. 17 the gauge so that it will not be misplaced. In the following, a description of the use of this gauge is given: Insertion of the TIMING GAUGE No. 10-5. Turn the balance wheel by hand and bring the needle bar to its highest position (Fig. 18). Replace the normal needle of the needle bar with the false one of the gauge. The false needle is inserted in the same way as a nor mal one. Remove the shuttle race cover plate No. 26333 and the shuttle No. 26327. Insert the shuttle-shaped gauge into the shuttle race (Fig. 18).
False needle
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Fig. 18
False needle Fig. 19
Timing procedure.
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Bring the needle bar to its lowest position. In this position, the lower end of false needle should be just in line with the lower edge " L " of the prong of this gauge, as shown in Figs. 19 and 20. If an adjustment of the height of the needle bar is necessary, loosen slightly screw No. 4 (Fig. 17) so that the needle bar is still held in position by friction. Then, without turning the balance
False needle
Fig. 20 wheel, move the needle bar up or down by hand until the condi­tion, shown in Figs. 19 and 20, is met. Tighten screw No. 24 firmly. Adjustment - Position of the needle eye in relation to the shuttle. The needle bar must be lined up in such a way that the center line of the needle eye is perpendicular to the shuttle (Fig. 21), i.e. the needle eye must not be lined up obliquely in relation to the shuttle (Fig. 21a). The correct alignment of the needle causes the loop of the thread to be arranged in such a way that it can be easily caught by
_ Point
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of sh uttle Fig.
21-a Needle eye in correct position
The point of the shuttle. This is especially necessary when the machine sews with two needles. In order to obtain the above mentioned condition, it is necessary that the needle bar clamp No. D 26295 (Fig. 22) be firmly tightened and that axis " a " of the needle clamp No. D 26295 be directed parallel to axis " b " of the upper shaft No. C 85201 (Fig.
22) or, what amounts to the same thing, that the axis " a " of the needle bar clamp No. D 26295 is in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine. If it is necessary to make an adjustment, proceed as follows: Loosen slightly screw No. 24 of the needle bar connecting stud No. 26025 (Fig. 17). Without moving it up or down, rotate the nee dle bar about its own axis in the required direction until it is in the position shown in Fig. 22. Tighten screw No. 24 firmly. HI. Adjustment - Distance between the needle and the shuttle. Without touching the needle, the point of the shuttle should be
Needle eye in incorrect position
C85201
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Fig. 22 Fig. 23 is too far away from the needle, loosen the screw " F " (Fig. 24) below the bed of the machine. Then, move the race body No. D 26330 with the carrier shaft No, C 26325 in (axial) direction until the shuttle comes as close as possible to the needle without touching it. Before tightening the screw " F ", adjustment IV should be checked.
18
D26330
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Fig. 24 Adjustment - Centering the needle in relation to the race cover plate. The single needle " A " (Fig. 25) should pass exactly through the center of the slot in the shuttle race cap No. 21330. In the twin-needle machine, the correct position of the needle is that shown in Fig. 26. To perform this adjustment, rotate the race body, No. D 26330, without moving it in an axial d irec tion , around t he ca rrie r sha ft No . C 26325. Now, the screw " F " can be firmly tightened (Fig. 24). All four adjustments mentioned can also be achieved with the aid of the TIMING GAUGE No. 10-9.
The n e edle "A " i s at equal d i s tance f r o m both e d g e s " B "
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Fig. 25
Both needles "A" are at equal distanc es fro m the ed g e s " B "
Fig. 26
B B
b)
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c) d)
Insertion of the Timing Gauge No. 10-9 and of the Square-angled Bar E. (Fig. 27). Remove the presser foot and the needle plate. Remove the needle and the shuttle. Insert bar " E " (Fig. 27) of the gauge into the needle bar, following the same instructions as for the insertion of a needle. Loosen screw No. 24 of the needle bar connecting stud No. 26025 so that the needle bar is still held in position by friction. Hold the balance wheel firmly and push the needle bar upwards about 7/32".
H
Fig. 27 /) By turning the balance whee l toward you by hand, bring the needle bar " C " to its lowest position. From this point onward and during the timing operation, DO NOT turn the machine.
Insert the gauge No. 10-9 into the race body and attach it by
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means of the two knobs " H " and the two locating pins " G ". Timing procedure. If, by pushing down the needle bar by hand while the balance wheel Is held firmly, the lower end of the bar " E " enters exactly into the Rectangular hole in the prong of the gauge No. 10-9 (Fig. 27), then the requirements of paragraphs II, III, and IV have been satisfied. In Order to comply also with the requirements of paragraph I, push the Step “I " of the bar " E " further downward until it stops against the Outside of the gauge No. 10-9 (Fig. 27). Now, tighten screw No. 24 and remove the gauge. If , by pushing down the needle bar by hand, the lower end of the Bar “E " does not ente r the rectangular hole in the p rong of the Gauge No. 10-9, and then adjust as follows: Loosen the screw " F " below the bed of the machine (Fig. 24) in order to allow the race body No. D 26330 to be moved freely. Move the race body No. D 26330 and the needle bar " C " stimuli tenuously until the lower end of the bar " E " enters the rectangu-
lar hole in the prong of the gauge. Push down the step " I " of the bar " E " by hand (Fig. 27) until it stops against the outside of the gauge. Firmly tighten the screw No. 24 of the needle bar connecting stud. No. 26025. Firmly tighten th e screw " F " (Fig. 24) belo w the bed of the machine. /) Remove the gauge. How to remove the gauge 10-9. Rotate the balance wheel slightly, just enough to bring the lower end of the bar " E " out of the hole in the gauge. Remove the gauge No. 10-9 from the shuttle race. Remove the bar " E ". Reassemble the machine.
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