Nec POWERMATE V486 user Manual

PROPRIETARY NOTICE AND LIABILITY DISCLAIMER

The information disclosed in this document, including all designs and related materials, is the valuable property of NEC Corporation (NEC) and/or its licensors. NEC and/or its licensors, as appropriate, reserve all patent, copyright and other proprietary rights to this document, including all design, manufacturing, reproduction, use, and sales rights thereto, except to the extent said rights are expressly granted to others.

The NEC product(s) discussed in this document are warranted in accordance with the terms of the Warranty Statement accompanying each product. However, actual performance of each such product is dependent upon factors such as system configuration, customer data, and operator control. Since implementation by customers of each product may vary, the suitability of specific product configurations and applications must be determined by the customer and is not warranted by NEC.

To allow for design and specification improvements, the information in this document is subject to change at any time, without notice. Reproduction of this document or portions thereof without prior written approval of NEC is prohibited.

MultiSync and PowerMate are U.S. registered trademarks of NEC Technologies, Inc. FastFacts is a U.S. trademark of NEC Technologies, Inc. All other product, brand, or trade names used in this publication are the trademarks or registered

trademarks of their respective trademark owners.

First Printing — February 1995

NEC Technologies, Inc. NEC Corporation

1414 Massachusetts Avenue 7-1 Shiba 5-Chome, Minato-Ku

Boxborough, MA 01719 Tokyo 108-01, Japan

Preface............................................................................................................................. xiii

Abbreviations.................................................................................................................. xv

Section 1 Technical Information

Desktop System Unit....................................................................................................... 1-1

Minitower System Unit................................................................................................... 1-2

System Board .................................................................................................................. 1-3

Processor......................................................................................................................... 1-5

Secondary Cache...................................................................................................... 1-6

Flash ROM............................................................................................................... 1-6

Power Management.................................................................................................. 1-7

I/O Addressing......................................................................................................... 1-8

System Memory....................................................................................................... 1-9

iii

Interrupt Controller.................................................................................................. 1-10

Video Controller ...................................................................................................... 1-11

Video Memory......................................................................................................... 1-11

Dual IDE Ports......................................................................................................... 1-14

ISA/PCI-Bus Backboard ................................................................................................. 1-14

ISA Bus.................................................................................................................... 1-14

PCI Bus.................................................................................................................... 1-15

Parallel Interface ............................................................................................................. 1-15

Serial Interface ................................................................................................................ 1-16

Indicator Panel................................................................................................................. 1-16

Power Button ........................................................................................................... 1-17

Suspend Button........................................................................................................ 1-17

Lamps....................................................................................................................... 1-17

Power Supply .................................................................................................................. 1-17

Diskette Drive ................................................................................................................. 1-17

Hard Disk Drive.............................................................................................................. 1-18

Multimedia Components................................................................................................. 1-18

CD-ROM.................................................................................................................. 1-18

Sound Board............................................................................................................. 1-18

Speakers................................................................................................................... 1-19

Microphone.............................................................................................................. 1-19

NIC Connectors (Network-Ready Models)..................................................................... 1-19

iv Contents

Keyboard......................................................................................................................... 1-20

Mouse.............................................................................................................................. 1-20

Integrated Technologies.................................................................................................. 1-20

Desktop Management Interface ............................................................................... 1-20

Plug and Play Support.............................................................................................. 1-20

Power Saving Features............................................................................................. 1-20

Security Features...................................................................................................... 1-21

Section 2 Setup and Operation

Unpacking and Repacking .............................................................................................. 2-1

Setup................................................................................................................................ 2-2

Desktop Setup.......................................................................................................... 2-2

Minitower Setup....................................................................................................... 2-5

External Multimedia Connections ........................................................................... 2-7

Sound Board Jacks........................................................................................... 2-8

Connecting the Speakers.................................................................................. 2-9

Network Connectors ................................................................................................ 2-10

System Configuration...................................................................................................... 2-12

Setup Utility............................................................................................................. 2-12

How to Start Setup................................................................................................... 2-13

How to Use Setup .................................................................................................... 2-13

Menu Bar ......................................................................................................... 2-14

Legend Bar....................................................................................................... 2-15

Field Help Window.......................................................................................... 2-15

General Help Window..................................................................................... 2-16

Main Menu Options......................................................................................... 2-16

IDE Adapters ................................................................................................... 2-17

Memory Shadow.............................................................................................. 2-18

Boot Sequence ................................................................................................. 2-19

Numlock .......................................................................................................... 2-19

Advanced Menu....................................................................................................... 2-20

Integrated Peripherals Menu............................................................................ 2-20

Parity................................................................................................................ 2-21

Large Disk Access Mode................................................................................. 2-22

Security Menu.......................................................................................................... 2-22

Power Menu............................................................................................................. 2-24

Exit Menu ................................................................................................................ 2-25

Contents v

Save Changes & Exit....................................................................................... 2-25

Discard Changes & Exit .................................................................................. 2-25

Get Default Values........................................................................................... 2-26

Load Previous Values...................................................................................... 2-26

Save Changes................................................................................................... 2-26

BIOS Update Utility........................................................................................................ 2-27

System Board Jumpers.................................................................................................... 2-28

Changing Jumper Settings ....................................................................................... 2-31

Clearing the Password.............................................................................................. 2-32

Section 3 Options

Desktop Cover Removal................................................................................................. 3-2

Minitower Cover Removal.............................................................................................. 3-3

Expansion Board(s)......................................................................................................... 3-4

Desktop Expansion Board Installation..................................................................... 3-5

Minitower Expansion Board Installation................................................................. 3-7

SIMM Upgrade Kits........................................................................................................ 3-8

Cautions ................................................................................................................... 3-8

SIMM Installation.................................................................................................... 3-9

Checking the Memory in the System............................................................... 3-9

Installing SIMMs............................................................................................. 3-11

Secondary Cache............................................................................................................. 3-14

Video Upgrade ................................................................................................................ 3-17

Overdrive Processor Installation..................................................................................... 3-19

Storage Devices............................................................................................................... 3-23

Diskette Drive.......................................................................................................... 3-23

Diskette Drive Settings............................................................................................ 3-23

Hard Disk Drives ..................................................................................................... 3-24

Hard Disk Drive Settings......................................................................................... 3-24

Desktop Storage Device Installation............................................................................... 3-25

Removing the 3 1/2-inch Drive Bracket.................................................................. 3-27

Removing the Blank Panel....................................................................................... 3-28

Installing the Storage Device................................................................................... 3-29

Minitower Storage Device Installation ........................................................................... 3-33

External Peripherals........................................................................................................ 3-38

Parallel Printer ......................................................................................................... 3-38

RS-232C Device.............................................................................................. 3-39

vi Contents

Section 4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Maintenance.................................................................................................................... 4-2

System Unit.............................................................................................................. 4-2

Keyboard.................................................................................................................. 4-3

Mouse....................................................................................................................... 4-4

Routine Checks........................................................................................................ 4-4

Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................. 4-5

Error Messages......................................................................................................... 4-5

How to Load Remote Support Session............................................................ 4-6

Diagnosing and Solving Problems........................................................................... 4-7

DOS Application Problems...................................................................................... 4-11

Windows Application Problems.............................................................................. 4-14

Diagnostic Output and Beep Codes......................................................................... 4-16

Section 5 Desktop Repair

Disassembly and Reassembly ......................................................................................... 5-1

Top Cover Removal................................................................................................. 5-3

Expansion Board Removal ...................................................................................... 5-4

PCI/ISA-BUS Backboard Removal......................................................................... 5-6

Front Panel Assembly Removal............................................................................... 5-6

Power Button Cover Removal................................................................................. 5-8

Speaker Assembly Removal .................................................................................... 5-9

SIMM Removal ....................................................................................................... 5-10

3 1/2-inch Diskette and Hard Disk Drive Removal................................................. 5-11

5 1/4-Inch Device Removal ..................................................................................... 5-13

5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Removal............................................................................ 5-14

Power Supply Removal............................................................................................ 5-15

System Board Removal............................................................................................ 5-16

Battery Removal ...................................................................................................... 5-18

Illustrated Parts Breakdown..................................................................................... 5-18

Section 6 Minitower Repair

Disassembly and Reassembly ......................................................................................... 6-1

Top Cover Removal................................................................................................. 6-3

Expansion Board Removal ...................................................................................... 6-5

PCI/ISA-BUS Backboard Removal......................................................................... 6-6

Front Panel Assembly Removal............................................................................... 6-7

Contents vii

Power Button Cover Removal................................................................................. 6-8

Speaker Assembly Removal .................................................................................... 6-9

SIMM Removal ....................................................................................................... 6-10

3 1/2-inch Diskette Drive Removal ......................................................................... 6-11

3 1/2-inch Hard Disk Drive Removal...................................................................... 6-13

5 1/4-Inch Device Removal ..................................................................................... 6-15

5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Removal............................................................................ 6-16

Power Supply Removal............................................................................................ 6-17

System Board Removal............................................................................................ 6-18

Battery Removal ...................................................................................................... 6-20

Illustrated Parts Breakdown..................................................................................... 6-22

Appendix A Connector Pin Assignments

Serial Interface Connectors............................................................................................. A-3

Parallel Interface Connector............................................................................................ A-4

VGA Interface Connector Pin Assignments ................................................................... A-5

Speaker Connector Pin Assignments.............................................................................. A-5

Power Supply Connector................................................................................................. A-6

Keyboard and Mouse Connectors ................................................................................... A-6

Power Lamp Connector................................................................................................... A-7

Hard Disk Drive Lamp Connector.................................................................................. A-7

Reset Button Connector .................................................................................................. A-7

Diskette Drive Interface Pin Assignments ...................................................................... A-8

IDE Interface Connectors................................................................................................ A-9

SIMM Sockets................................................................................................................. A-10

ISA Expansion Bus Connector Pin Assignments............................................................ A-11

Appendix B Specifications

Appendix C CD-ROM Reader Configuration

Rear Panel ....................................................................................................................... C-1

Jumper Settings............................................................................................................... C-2

viii Contents

List of Figures

1-1 Desktop System Controls and Lamps............................................................... 1-1

1-2 Desktop Storage Devices and Controls ............................................................ 1-2

1-3 Minitower System Controls and Lamps ........................................................... 1-2

1-4 Minitower Storage Devices and Controls......................................................... 1-3

2-1 Desktop Voltage Selector Switch..................................................................... 2-2

2-2 Peripherals Connections ................................................................................... 2-3

2-3 Lamps, Reset Button, and Power Button.......................................................... 2-3

2-4 Minitower Voltage Selector Switch.................................................................. 2-5

2-5 Minitower Peripherals Connections ................................................................. 2-6

2-6 Minitower Indicators, Reset Button, and Power Button................................... 2-6

2-7 Sound Board Connectors.................................................................................. 2-8

2-8 Speaker Connections ........................................................................................ 2-10

2-9 Network Board Connectors .............................................................................. 2-11

2-10 System Board Jumpers...................................................................................... 2-29

2-11 Password Clear Jumper..................................................................................... 2-29

2-12 Secondary Cache Jumpers ................................................................................ 2-30

2-13 Processor Clock Speed Jumper......................................................................... 2-30

2-14 Processor Voltage Jumpers............................................................................... 2-30

2-15 Jumpers JP3 through JP9, JP11, JP21 through JP23........................................ 2-31

3-1 Desktop Cover Screws...................................................................................... 3-2

3-2 Removing the Desktop Cover........................................................................... 3-2

3-3 Minitower Cover Screws.................................................................................. 3-3

3-4 Removing the Minitower Cover....................................................................... 3-4

3-5 Desktop Expansion Slots.................................................................................. 3-5

3-6 Inside Expansion Slot Screw ............................................................................ 3-5

3-7 Removing the L-Bracket................................................................................... 3-6

3-8 Minitower Expansion Slots .............................................................................. 3-7

3-9 Locating SIMM Sockets in the Desktop........................................................... 3-9

3-10 Locating SIMM Sockets in the Minitower ....................................................... 3-10

3-11 Removing a SIMM ........................................................................................... 3-12

3-12 Locating the Notched End of the SIMM........................................................... 3-12

3-13 Inserting the SIMM........................................................................................... 3-13

3-14 Locating the Cache Sockets in the Desktop...................................................... 3-14

3-15 Locating the Cache Sockets in the Minitower.................................................. 3-15

3-16 Aligning the Cache Module.............................................................................. 3-15

Contents ix

3-17 Installing the Cache Module............................................................................. 3-16

3-18 Locating Video DRAM Sockets in the Desktop............................................... 3-17

3-19 Locating Video DRAM Sockets in the Minitower........................................... 3-18

3-20 Aligning the Video DRAM Module................................................................. 3-19

3-21 Locating the PGA/OverDrive Socket in the Desktop....................................... 3-20

3-22 Locating the PGA/OverDrive Socket in the Minitower ................................... 3-21

3-23 PGA/OverDrive Socket Lever.......................................................................... 3-21

3-24 OverDrive Processor Alignment....................................................................... 3-22

3-25 OSDA-90C, 1.44-MB Diskette Drive............................................................... 3-23

3-26 FD-55GFR, 1.2-MB Diskette Drive................................................................. 3-24

3-27 WDAC2540, 540-MB Hard Disk Drive........................................................... 3-25

3-28 CFA850A, 850-MB Hard Disk Drive............................................................... 3-25

3-29 System Board Cable Connections in the Desktop ............................................ 3-26

3-30 3 1/2-Inch Drive Bracket Screws...................................................................... 3-27

3-31 Removing the Indicator Panel........................................................................... 3-28

3-32 Removing the Blank Panel ............................................................................... 3-29

3-33 Connecting IDE Device Cables........................................................................ 3-30

3-34 Connecting 1.2-MB Diskette Drive Cables...................................................... 3-30

3-35 Securing a 3 1/2-Inch Device to the Bracket .................................................... 3-31

3-36 Securing the Device in the 5 1/4-Inch Slot....................................................... 3-31

3-37 Securing the 3 1/2-Inch Drive Bracket ............................................................. 3-32

3-38 System Board Cable Connectors in the Minitower........................................... 3-33

3-39 Locating the Slot Cover.................................................................................... 3-34

3-40 Connecting IDE Device Cables........................................................................ 3-34

3-41 Connecting 1.2-MB Diskette Drive Cables...................................................... 3-35

3-42 Securing a 3 1/2-Inch Device............................................................................ 3-36

3-43 Securing a 5 1/4-Inch Device............................................................................ 3-36

3-44 Locating the Blank Panel Tabs......................................................................... 3-37

3-45 Connecting a Printer Cable to the Desktop....................................................... 3-38

3-46 Connecting a Printer Cable to the Minitower................................................... 3-39

3-47 Connecting an RS-232C Cable to the Desktop................................................. 3-40

3-48 Connecting an RS-232C Cable to the Minitower............................................. 3-40

4-1 Removing the Keyboard Enclosure.................................................................. 4-3

4-2 Removing the Mouse Ball Cover...................................................................... 4-4

5-1 Top Cover Screws............................................................................................. 5-3

5-2 Removing the Top Cover.................................................................................. 5-3

5-3 Expansion Slot Screw....................................................................................... 5-4

x Contents

5-4 Inside Expansion Slot Screw ............................................................................ 5-4

5-5 Removing the Expansion Slot L-Bracket ......................................................... 5-5

5-6 PCI/ISA-Bus Backboard Screws ...................................................................... 5-6

5-7 Indicator Panel Screws...................................................................................... 5-7

5-8 Power Button Tabs ........................................................................................... 5-8

5-9 Speaker Screw................................................................................................... 5-9

5-10 SIMM Socket.................................................................................................... 5-10

5-11 3 1/2-Inch Drive Bracket Screws...................................................................... 5-11

5-12 3 1/2-Inch Diskette and Hard Disk Drive Screws............................................. 5-12

5-13 5 1/4-Inch Device Screws................................................................................. 5-13

5-14 5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Screws........................................................................ 5-14

5-15 Power Button Screws........................................................................................ 5-15

5-16 Power Supply Screws ....................................................................................... 5-15

5-17 System Board Connectors and Screws ............................................................. 5-16

5-18 Battery Replacement......................................................................................... 5-18

5-19 PowerMate V486 Desktop Illustrated Parts Breakdown.................................. 5-20

6-1 Top Cover Screws............................................................................................. 6-3

6-2 Removing the Top Cover.................................................................................. 6-4

6-3 Expansion Slot Screw....................................................................................... 6-5

6-4 PCI/ISA-Bus Backboard Bracket Screws......................................................... 6-6

6-5 PCI/ISA-Bus Backboard Screws ...................................................................... 6-6

6-6 Front Panel Screws ........................................................................................... 6-7

6-7 Power Button Tabs ........................................................................................... 6-8

6-8 Speaker Tabs..................................................................................................... 6-9

6-9 Removing a SIMM ........................................................................................... 6-10

6-10 3 1/2-Inch Diskette Drive Cables...................................................................... 6-11

6-11 Diskette Drive Bracket Screws......................................................................... 6-12

6-12 3 1/2-Inch Hard Disk Drive Cables .................................................................. 6-13

6-13 Removing a 3 1/2-Inch Device......................................................................... 6-14

6-14 Removing a 5 1/4-Inch Device......................................................................... 6-15

6-15 5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Screws........................................................................ 6-16

6-16 Power Button Screws........................................................................................ 6-17

6-17 Power Supply Screws ....................................................................................... 6-18

6-18 System Board Connectors and Screws ............................................................. 6-19

6-19 Battery Replacement......................................................................................... 6-21

6-20 PowerMate V466 Minitower Illustrated Parts Breakdown............................... 6-24

Contents xi

A-1 System Board Connectors................................................................................. A-1

A-2 Serial Interface (J4/J10).................................................................................... A-3

A-3 Parallel Interface (J13)...................................................................................... A-4

A-4 Power Supply Connector (J6) Pin Assignments............................................... A-6

C-1 Rear View of the Quad-Speed Reader.............................................................. C-1

C-2 Quad-Speed Reader Jumper Settings................................................................ C-2

List of Tables

1-1 System Board Chips.......................................................................................... 1-5

1-2 System Memory Map........................................................................................ 1-7

1-3 I/O Address Map............................................................................................... 1-8

1-4 Interrupt Level Assignments............................................................................. 1-10

1-5 Text Modes....................................................................................................... 1-12

1-6 Graphic Modes.................................................................................................. 1-13

1-7 Parallel Port Addressing and Interrupts........................................................... 1-15

1-8 Serial Port Addressing and Interrupts.............................................................. 1-16

2-1 Setup Key Functions......................................................................................... 2-15

2-2 Legend Bar Main Menu Parameters ................................................................. 2-16

2-3 IDE Hard Disk Parameters................................................................................ 2-18

2-4 Memory Shadow Parameters............................................................................ 2-18

2-5 Boot Parameters................................................................................................ 2-19

2-6 Numlock Parameters......................................................................................... 2-20

2-7 Integrated Peripherals Parameters..................................................................... 2-21

2-8 Large Disk Parameters...................................................................................... 2-22

2-9 System Security Options................................................................................... 2-23

2-10 Power Management Parameters........................................................................ 2-24

3-1 Memory Configurations.................................................................................... 3-10

4-1 NEC Service and Information Telephone Numbers......................................... 4-1

4-2 BIOS Update Utility Error Messages................................................................ 4-5

4-3 Problems and Solutions .................................................................................... 4-7

4-4 Sound Board DOS Problems............................................................................ 4-11

4-5 Sound Board Windows Problems..................................................................... 4-14

4-6 Diagnostic Output and Beep Codes.................................................................. 4-16

xii Contents

4-7 Diagnostic Output and Beep Codes Looped on POST..................................... 4-18

5-1 Desktop Disassembly Sequence ....................................................................... 5-1

5-2 System Board Connectors................................................................................. 5-17

5-3 PowerMate V486 Desktop Field-Replaceable Parts List.................................. 5-18

5-4 PowerMate V486 Desktop Options.................................................................. 5-21

5-5 PowerMate V486 Desktop Documentation and Packaging.............................. 5-21

6-1 PowerMate V466 Minitower Disassembly Sequence....................................... 6-1

6-2 System Board Connectors................................................................................. 6-20

6-3 PowerMate V466 Minitower Field-Replaceable Parts List.............................. 6-22

6-4 PowerMate V466 Minitower Options .............................................................. 6-25

6-5 PowerMate V466 Minitower Documentation and Packaging.......................... 6-26

A-1 System Board Connectors................................................................................. A-2

A-2 Video Connector (J17) Pin Assignments.......................................................... A-5

A-3 Speaker Connector (J18) Pin Assignments....................................................... A-5

A-4 Keyboard (J1) and Mouse (J2) Connector Pin Assignments............................ A-6

A-5 Power Lamp Connector (J9) Pin Assignments................................................. A-7

A-6 Hard Disk Drive Busy Lamp Connector (JP15) Pin Assignments ................... A-7

A-7 Reset Button Connector (J15) Pin Assignments............................................... A-7

A-8 Diskette Drive Connector (J5) Pin Assignments.............................................. A-8

A-9 IDE Connector Pin Assignments (J3/J7).......................................................... A-9

A-10 SIMM Socket Pin Assignments........................................................................ A-10

A-11 ISA Expansion Slot Pin Assignments............................................................... A-11

Contents xiii

xiii

Preface

This service and reference manual contains the technical information necessary to set up, maintain, troubleshoot, and repair the NEC PowerMate® V486 Series computer systems. It also provides hardware and interface information for users who need an overview of the computer system design. The manual is written for NEC-trained customer engineers, system analysts, service center personnel, and dealers.

The manual is organized as follows: Section 1, Technical Information, provides an overview of the computer features, hard-

ware design, interface ports and internal devices. Section 2, Setup and Operation, takes the user from unpacking to setup and operation.

Included is a description of the system configuration, system password, and the computer’s jumper settings, including the factory default settings.

Section 3, Options, provides the user with installation and troubleshooting information for each specific option.

Section 4, Maintenance and Troubleshooting, includes a list of NEC service information and telephone numbers that provide access to the NEC Bulletin Board System (BBS), FastFacts™, and Technical Information Bulletins. This section also includes recommended maintenance information and a list of possible solutions for computer problems.

Section 5, Desktop Repair, includes desktop disassembly and reassembly procedures along with an illustrated parts breakdown. NEC service and spare parts ordering information are also provided.

Section 6, Minitower Repair, includes minitower disassembly and reassembly procedures along with an illustrated parts breakdown. NEC service and spare parts ordering information are also provided.

Appendix A, Connector Pin Assignments, provides a list of the system boards' internal connector pin assignments and a list of external pin assignments for the keyboard/mouse, serial port, parallel port, and video port.

Appendix B, Specifications, provides specifications for the PowerMate V486 Series systems.

Appendix C, CD-ROM Reader Configuration, provides connector and jumper information for the Quad-Speed CD-ROM reader.

Section 1

Technical Information

This manual contains information for desktop and minitower PowerMate V486 Series systems. The information applies to all models except where indicated. Models differ primarily in the chassis, CD-ROM reader, and microprocessor.

This section provides an overview of the system hardware. The basic hardware for the system includes a system unit, mouse, and keyboard.

External interface connectors are located in the rear of the system unit and are identified in Section 2, Setup and Operation. Jumper settings for all of the internal boards are also provided in Section 2. Appendix A provides the system unit connector pin assignments and Appendix B provides specifications.

An overview of each of the two system units are described in the following subsections.

DESKTOP SYSTEM UNIT

The desktop chassis provides an enclosure for the system board, power supply, four storage device slots, and four expansion slots (three ISA and one ISA/PCI Bus™). A sound board is installed in one of the expansion slots in multimedia models. The storage device slots accommodate a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, a 3 1/2-inch hard disk (1-inch height), and two 5 1/4-inch storage devices (1.6-inch height). The system ships with a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive. A 3 1/2-inch hard disk drive (540-MB or 850-MB IDE) and 5 1/4-inch CD-ROM reader are available on various models.

The following figures show front panel features on the desktop system unit.

Figure Section 1-1 Desktop System Controls and Lamps

1-2 Technical Information

Figure Section 1-2 Desktop Storage Devices and Controls

MINITOWER SYSTEM UNIT

The minitower chassis provides an enclosure for the system board, power supply, five storage device slots, and five expansion slots (four ISA and one ISA/PCI Bus™). A sound board is installed in one of the expansion slots in multimedia models. The storage device slots accommodate a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, a 3 1/2-inch hard disk (1-inch height), and two 5 1/4-inch storage devices (1.6-inch height). The system ships with a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive. A 3 1/2-inch hard disk drive (540-MB IDE) and 5 1/4-inch CD-ROM reader are available on various models.

The following figures show front panel features on the minitower system unit.

Figure Section 1-3 Minitower System Controls and Lamps

Technical Information 1-3

Figure Section 1-4 Minitower Storage Devices and Controls

SYSTEM BOARD

The system boards are similar, differing only in the processor. The system board contains a Flash ROM which is upgradeable through the BIOS Update utility (see Section 2).

See Section 2, Setup and Operation, for a description of the system board's jumpers. See Appendix A, Connector Pin Assignments, for a list of the system board connectors.

Key features of the system board are listed below.

n processor

 PowerMate V466 – Intel486DX2™-66  PowerMate V4100 – Intel486DX4™-100

n clock rate

 PowerMate V466 – 66 megahertz (MHz) internal, 33 MHz external  PowerMate V4100 – 100 MHz internal, 33 MHz external

n support for Intel OverDrive™ processor upgrades

1-4 Technical Information

n memory – 32-bit (system also supports 36-bit), 70-nano second (ns) single-inline

memory modules (SIMMs)  8 megabytes (MB) of random access memory (RAM) in the desktop and

minitower systems (expandable to 64 MB)

 16 MB in the desktop multimedia systems (expandable to 64 MB)

n cache

 8 KB in the Intel486DX2  16 KB in the Intel486DX4

n optional 256-KB secondary cache module n Trident 9440



(TGUI9440AGi Advanced GUI Accelerator)

 supports 640 x 480 resolution with 16.8 million colors (24-bit true color), 800

x 600 with 64 K colors, 1024 x 768 with 256 colors, and 1280 x 1024 with 16 colors

 1-MB video dynamic RAM (DRAM), expandable to 2 MB

n external input/output (I/O) connectors

 parallel – one 25-pin connector  serial – two RS-232C ports; support asynchronous communication, up to

9600 bps, 9-pin connectors

 VGA video monitor – supports standard, super, and high-resolution VGA

modes, 15-pin connector (D-shell)

 keyboard – PS/2-compatible, 6-pin connector (mini DIN)  mouse – PS/2 compatible, 6-pin connector (mini DIN)

n internal drive connectors

 IDE – dual IDE channels, one fast IDE and one standard; CD-ROM reader

and hard disk on separate channels; support for up to 10 MB/second 32-bit transfers on PCI Bus; support for a total of four IDE devices; 40-pin connectors

 diskette drive – supports two diskette drives, 34-pin connector

n expansion slots

 desktop systems (four slots) – three 8-/16-bit ISA slots (two available), one

shared 32-bit PCI and 8-/16-bit ISA slot

 minitower systems (five slots) – four 8-/16-bit ISA slots (two available),one

shared 32-bit PCI and 8-/16-bit ISA slot

n energy saving features – system switches to power save mode when idle for an

established amount of time

Table Section 1-1 lists the major chips on the system board.

Table Section 1-1 System Board Chips

Chip Description

Technical Information 1-5

486DX2-66 – PowerMate V466 486DX4-100 – PowerMate V4100

28F010 128k x 8 Flash ROM SiS 85C496/497 Green Chipset 496 PCI, CPU, memory, and IDE controller 497 interface between PCI/CPU memory bus and ISA bus,

SMC37C665GT Super I/O controller serial interface (16550), parallel interface (ECP/EPP),

AmiKey keyboard/mouse controller (Intel 8049 compatible) Trident 9440 VGA controller

33/66-MHz processor 33/100-MHz processor

ISA interface, DMA controller, interrupt controller, counter/timers, NMI control logic, power management, and real time clock

diskette drive (1.44- and 1.2-MB)

Processor

The desktop and minitower PowerMate V486 Series systems use the following processors.

n PowerMate V466 – Intel486DX2-66 (66-MHz internal, 33-MHz external) n PowerMate V4100 – Intel486DX4-100 (100-MHz internal, 33-MHz external)

The processors are advanced 32-bit processors designed to optimize multitasking operating systems. The 32-bit registers and data paths support 32-bit addresses and data types.

1-6 Technical Information

The processor is installed in a 237-pin, zero-insertion-force (ZIF) processor socket. This socket allows the installation of Intel OverDrive processors based on the Pentium core (PGA type package). When upgrading processors, they must operate with and external clock of 25 or 33 MHz.

The 486DX2 is exactly like previous 486DXs except that it runs twice as fast internally. When the interface bus portion of the DX2 accesses main memory, executes I/O instructions, or accesses one of the other chips on the system board, the DX2 operates at 33 MHz. The DX2 works at 66 MHz when accessing its internal registers, refers to a memory location already mapped into its internal cache, or performs a floating-point operation and CPU operations.

The DX4 runs three times as fast internally. When the interface portion accesses external registers it operates at 33 MHz and works at 100 MHz when accessing its internal registers.

Secondary Cache

The 8-KB primary cache (16-KB of primary cache in the DX4) is integrated into the processor. The system board provides an 80-pin SIMM socket for an optional 256 KB of secondary cache, external to the processor. Cache memory improves read performance by holding copies of code and data that are frequently requested from the system memory by the processor. Cache memory is not considered part of the possible 64 MB of total memory capacity.

The cache is connected directly to the processor address bus and uses physical addresses. A bus feature known as burst enables fast cache fills. Memory areas (pages) can be designated as cacheable or non-cacheable by software. The cache can also be enabled and disabled by software.

The write strategy of the cache (primary and secondary) is write back/through cache. If the write is a cache hit, an external bus cycle is generated and information is written to the cache. Any area of memory can be cached in the system. Non-cacheable portions of memory are defined by software. The cache can be cleared by software instructions.

Flash ROM

Machine language programs are stored in a 28F010 Flash ROM known as the system's ROM BIOS. The system BIOS and video BIOS are contained in the ROM. The Flash ROM is 128 KB, which consists of 64 KB of system BIOS, and 32 KB of video BIOS.

The Flash ROM allows the BIOS to be upgraded with the BIOS Update utility without removing the ROM (see Section 2, Setup and Configuration). The BIOS can only be reprogrammed by powering on the system with the BIOS Update utility diskette in Drive A.

Technical Information 1-7

The BIOS programs execute the Power-On Self-Test, initialize processor controllers, and interact with the display, diskette drives, hard disks, communication devices, and peripherals. The system BIOS also contains the Setup program and provides VGA controller support. The hardware setup default copies the ROM BIOS into RAM (shadowing) for maximum performance.

System BIOS is located in the upper portion of the Flash ROM and video BIOS in the lower portion. System BIOS is located between F0000h-FFFFFh and supports shadowing and shadowed memory. System BIOS is write protected and automatically enabled.

Video BIOS is located between C0000h and C7FFFh. If the internal video is disabled, this range is mapped to ISA. The system memory map in shown in Table Section 1-3.

Table Section 1-3 System Memory Map

Memory Space Size Function

000000-07FFFF 512 KB Reserved for system base memory 080000-09FFFF 128 KB Mapped to either system base memory or ISA bus* 0A0000-0BFFFF 128 KB Mapped to either on-board video memory or ISA video memory 0C0000-0C7FFF 32 KB Mapped to either on-board video BIOS or ISA video BIOS 0C8000-0EFFFF 160 KB Mapped to ISA bus 0F0000-0FFFFF 64 KB Reserved for system BIOS 100000-FDFFFF 14.9 MB Reserved for Extended and/or Expanded system memory FE0000-FFFFFF 128 KB Mapped to ISA bus 1000000- On-Board 14.9 MB Reserved for Extended and/or Expanded system memory

*Always non-cacheable.

Flash ROM supports the reprogramming of the system and built-in video BIOS. Software controls this feature via port 94h. Flash ROM programming writes to location 0F0000h0FFFFFh. This range allows access to 64 KB of the 128 KB ROM. To write to the rest of the ROM, bit 3 of port 94h must be set. Again, writing to 0F0000h-0FFFFFh allows the rest of the ROM to be programmed. (Setting bit 3 on port 94h maps the 0F0000h to 0E0000h range.)

Power Management

Each computer system incorporates power management features that lowers power consumption when there is no activity detected from the keyboard, mouse, diskette drive, CDROM reader, or hard disk drive after a pre-defined period of time. As soon as activity is detected the system resumes where it left off.

1-8 Technical Information

When Power Management is enabled the computer automatically activates power-saving features and enters a sleep mode whenever inactivity is sensed. The computer's powersaving functions are as follows.

n Reduces the CPU clock speed

The CPU clock speed is changed from 33 MHz to 8 MHz (16 MHz in the PowerMate V4100) to put the computer in sleep mode. The cache and video clocks are changed at the same time.

n Blanks out the monitor

Puts the video controller into sleep mode. The vertical sync clock and blank signals to the monitor are disabled.

n Forces the IDE devices into stand-by mode

A suspend command is sent to the IDE devices which put the devices into a stand-by mode.

I/O Addressing

The processor communicates with I/O devices by I/O mapping. The hexadecimal (hex) addresses of I/O devices are listed in Table Section 1-5.

Table Section 1-5 I/O Address Map

Address (Hex) I/O Device Name

000-01F DMA controller 1 (channel 0-3) 020-03F Interrupt controller 040-05F Timer 060-063 PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface) keyboard, equipment switches,

timer 060-06F Keyboard controller 070-07F Real-time clock, CMOS memory, NMI mask

080 Manufacturer's diagnostic checkpoint

081-09F DMA page register 0A0-0AF NMI (non-maskable interrupt) mask 092 PS/2 alternate Fast A20 Gate, Hot Reset 094 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup) 095 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup) 097 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup)

Table Section 1-5 I/O Address Map

Address (Hex) I/O Device Name

0A0-0BF Interrupt controller 2

0C0-0DF DMA controller 2 (channel 4-7) 0E0-0EF Reserved 170-177 2nd hard disk 1F0-1F7 1st hard disk 1F9-1FF Reserved 200-207 Game I/O adapter (not available) 220-233 Sound board 278-27F 2nd parallel port (3rd with DMA) 2F8-2FF 2nd asynchronous communications port 330-331 MIDI Port

Technical Information 1-9

370-377 Diskette controller 2 378-37F 1st parallel port (2nd with DMA) 388-38B FM Synthesizer

3A0-3AF Primary bisynchronous communications port 3B0-3DF Video Graphics Array (VGA)

3B0-3BF Monochrome display adapter/printer 1 3C0-3CF Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) 1 3D0-3DF Color/Graphics Adapter (CGA and EGA) 3F0-3F7 Diskette Controller 3F8-3FF Serial Port 1

System Memory

The Power V486 system boards come standard with 8 MB of RAM (PowerMate V4100 multimedia systems come with 16 MB). The first megabyte includes the standard 640 KB of base memory. The remaining memory is extended memory. Two SIMM sockets are integrated on the system board. The maximum possible memory is 64 MB.

The SIMM memory sockets accept 4-, 8, 16-, or 32-MB SIMMs. Two 32-MB SIMMs may be installed for a total of 64 MB. High-speed RAM is 32 bits wide (no parity) or 36 bits wide (with parity). No parity SIMMs are 1 MB x 32 bit (4 MB), 4 MB x 32 bit (16 MB), and 8 MB x 32 bit (32 MB). There are no switches or jumpers to set when SIMMs are added.

1-10 Technical Information

SIMMs install directly on the system board. Different size SIMMs may be intermixed. Each SIMM is inserted into a socket or bank. The system board's two SIMM sockets are assigned as banks 0 and 2. The standard 8 MB of memory is installed in bank 0. The PowerMate V4100 multimedia system has one 16 MB SIMM installed in bank 0.

SIMMs must match the tin metal plating used on the system board SIMM sockets. When adding SIMMs, use tin-plated SIMMs. See Section 3, Options, for installation instructions and SIMM memory configurations.

Interrupt Controller

The interrupt controller operates as an interrupt manager for the AT system environment. The controller accepts requests from peripherals, issues interrupt requests to the processor, resolves interrupt priorities, and provides vectors for the processor to determine which interrupt routine to execute. The interrupt controller has priority assignment modes that can be reconfigured at any time during system operations.

The interrupt levels are described in Table Section 1-7. See Section 2, Setup and Configuration, for information on changing the interrupts using Setup and jumpers.

Table Section 1-7 Interrupt Level Assignments

Interrupt Priority Interrupt Device

IRQ00 Counter/timer IRQ01 Keyboard IRQ02 Cascade (INT output from slave) IRQ03 COM2* IRQ04 COM1* IRQ05 Parallel port 1 IRQ06 Diskette drive controller* IRQ07 Sound board or Network Interface Card (NIC) IRQ08 Real-time clock IRQ09 MIDI port IRQ10 Available IRQ11 Available IRQ12 PS/2 mouse* IRQ13 Coprocessor IRQ14 Primary IDE (fast) IRQ15 Secondary IDE (standard)

*Industry standard locations

Technical Information 1-11

Video Controller

The Trident 9440 video controller combines powerful elements aimed at addressing the requirements of personal computer designs. State of the art techniques have been added for optimizing performance in computer graphic intensive applications and graphical user interfaces (GUI). For example, the Trident 9440 video controller integrates the PCI local bus in core logic. The key is that the PCI local bus interface is 32-bits wide.

The video controller speeds the movement of large blocks of image data in video memory. As display resolutions increase, image creation and movement into video memory are critical factors in graphics performance.

The graphics accelerator is specifically designed for graphics-intensive operations, text and color pixel amplification, and scrolling. The accelerator minimizes bus traffic by offloading the tasks normally performed by the processor.

In addition to the standard VGA connector, the system provides a VESA-compliant feature connector on the system board.

Video Memory

The system's high-performance PCI local bus video with bit-block transfer (BitBLT) and 1 MB of video memory support resolutions up to 1280 by 1024 pixels with 16 colors, 1024 by 768 with 256 colors, and 640 by 480 with 16.8 million colors.

With 2 MB of video memory, the video hardware supports up to 1280 by 1024 pixels with 256 colors or 1024 by 768 pixels with 64,000 colors.

1-12 Technical Information

Table Section 1-9 and Table Section 1-11 provide the different display modes for the video controller.

Table Section 1-9 Text Modes

Mode (Hex)

Colors

Column/

Rows

Buffer

Resolution

Video Clock (MHz)

Horiz Sync (kHz)

Vert Sync (Hz)

16 (grey) 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 (grey) 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 350 28.3 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 360 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 360 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16(grey) 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16(grey) 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 mono 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 350 28.2 31.5 70 mono 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.5 70 16 132 x 25 B8000 1056 x 400 40.0 30.5 67.5 16 132 x 30 B8000 1056 x 400 40.0 30.5 67.5

1CGA-style text mode with 8x8 character size and 200 lines vertical resolution.

EGA-style text mode with 8x14 and 9x14 character sizes and 350 lines vertical resolution.

VGA-compatible text mode with 9x16 character size and 400 lines vertical resolution.

MDA- style text mode with 9x14 character sizes and 350 lines vertical resolution.

Enhanced VGA mode.

Technical Information 1-13

Table Section 1-11 Graphic Modes

Mode (Hex)

2,3

Colors

Column

/Rows

Buffer

Resolution

Video Clock (MHz)

Horiz Sync (kHz)

Vert Sync (Hz)

4 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 4 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 2 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 40 x 25 A0000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 mono 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 350 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 350 25.2 31.5 70 2 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 60 256 40 x 25 A0000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 30 B8000 640 x 480 40.0 30.5 60 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 25.2 31.5 60 16 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 32.6 31.5 73 256 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 36.0 35.5 56 256 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 40.0 38.0 60 256 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 50.4 48.4 73 256 80 x 25 A0000 1280 x 1024 25.2 31.5 70 32k 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 60 64k 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 32.6 31.5 73 32k 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 25.2 31.5 70 64k 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 36.0 35.5 56 32k 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 40.0 38.0 60 64k 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 50.4 48.4 73 16M 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 44.9 35.5 87 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 65.0 49.0 61 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 72.0 56.6 70 16 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 44.9 35.5 87 16 160 x 64 A0000 1280 x 1024 72.0 56.6 70 256 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 400 72.0 56.6 70 256 80 x 30 A0000 640 x480 44.9 35.5 87

1-14 Technical Information

Table Section 1-11 Graphic Modes

Mode (Hex)

2,3

18x8 character size

8x16 character size

Interlaced

Colors

256 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 72.0 56.6 70 256 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 80.0 48.1 87

Column

/Rows

Buffer

Resolution

Video Clock (MHz)

Horiz Sync (kHz)

Vert Sync (Hz)

Dual IDE Ports

The system board in the PowerMate V486 Series provides two IDE ports — a fast IDE port (the primary channel) and a standard IDE port (the secondary channel). Each port supports two devices for a total of four IDE devices. The system supports the installation of an IDE CD-ROM reader for system configuration flexibility without the addition of a controller.

The fast IDE port features an enhanced IDE interface which supports up to 10 MB per second 32-bit wide data transfers on the high-performance VESA local bus (VL bus). (Standard IDE supports 2 MB to 3 MB per second on the ISA bus.) In hard disk configurations, the standard hard disk is connected to the fast IDE port for high performance.

ISA/PCI-BUS BACKBOARD

The ISA/PCI-bus backboard plugs into two bus connectors on the system board. The backboard provides expansion slots for additional circuit boards. The backboards for the desktop and minitower systems are described below.

n desktop systems (four slots) – three 8-/16-bit ISA slots (two available), one

shared 32-bit PCI and 8-/16-bit ISA slot

n minitower systems (five slots) – four 8-/16-bit ISA slots (two available),one

shared 32-bit PCI and 8-/16-bit ISA slot.

ISA Bus

The system board uses the ISA bus for transferring data between the processor and I/O peripherals and expansion boards. The ISA bus supports 8- and 16-bit data transfers and typically operates at 8.33 MHz. A connector is provided on the system board for attaching the ISA/PCI-Bus backboard.

Technical Information 1-15

PCI Bus

The industry-standard PCI bus is a highly-integrated input/output (I/O) interface that offers the highest performance local bus available for the 486-based processor. The PCI bus supports burst modes that send large chunks of data across the bus, allowing fast displays of high-resolution images.

The high-bandwidth PCI local bus eliminates data bottlenecks found in traditional systems, maintains maximum performance at high clock speeds, and provides a clear upgrade path to future technologies.

The PCI bus slot is used in conjunction with an ISA bus slot. This feature allows a PCI bus option board full access to the ISA bus. For example, the PCI bus option board may utilize the parallel port via the ISA bus, or use the ISA bus REFRESH signal. Use of the ISA bus is optional, as the PCI bus has all signals needed to fully support a PCI bus option board.

PARALLEL INTERFACE

The system has a 25-pin parallel port on the system board. Specifications for this port conform to the IBM-PC standards.

The BIOS has automatic ISA printer port sensing. If the BIOS detects an ISA printer port mapped to the same address, the built-in printer port is disabled. The BIOS also sets the first parallel interface port it finds as LPT1 and the second port it finds as LPT2. The interrupt is set to IRQ5 via the Setup and jumper settings.

Interrupt levels for the parallel port are given in Table Section 1-13. Software selectable base addresses are 3BCh, 378h, and 278h.

NOTE: Interrupts used for the built-in parallel port are not available for ISA parallel ports.

Parallel interface signals are output through the system board's 25-pin, D-subconnector. The connector is located at the rear of the system unit. Pin locations for the parallel interface connector are shown in Appendix A.

Table Section 1-13 Parallel Port Addressing and Interrupts

Starting I/O Address Interrupt Level Port

378 IRQ05 LPT1 278 IRQ05 LPT1 or LPT2 3BC IRQ05 LPT1 or LPT2

*Default for parallel port

1-16 Technical Information

SERIAL INTERFACE

The system has two standard serial ports (COM1 and COM2). The serial ports support the standard RS-232C interface (16550 compatible). I/O addresses and interrupt levels for the two channels are given in Table Section 1-15. The interrupt is selectable via Setup to either IRQ3 or IRQ4. Software selectable base addresses are 3F8h, 2F8h, 3E8h, and 2E8h. Serial interface signals are output through the system board's 9-pin, D-subconnector. The connectors are located at the rear of the system unit. Pin locations for the serial interface connector are shown in Appendix A.

NOTE: Interrupts used for the built-in serial ports are not available for ISA parallel ports.

Table Section 1-15 Serial Port Addressing and Interrupts

Starting I/O Address Interrupt Level Port

3F8* IRQ04 COM1 2F8 IRQ03 COM2 3E8 IRQ04 COM3 2E8 IRQ03 COM4

*Default for serial port

Serial interface specifications include:

n Baud rate up to 19.2 KB per second n Word length - 5, 6, 7, or 8 bits n Stop bit - 1, 1.5, or 2 bits n Start bit - 1 bit n Parity bit - 1 bit (odd parity or even parity).

INDICATOR PANEL

The indicator panel is attached to the front panel and contains the power button, suspend button, and indicator lamps. The indicator panel attaches to the system board using connector J15 (reset connector), JP15 (hard disk drive busy lamp connector), and J9 (power lamp connector).

Technical Information 1-17

Power Button

The power button controls power to the system unit. Press the button once to turn on the power and again to turn off the power.

Suspend Button

The suspend button initiates a power-saving mode of operation. When pressed during normal operation, the system goes into a Suspend or “Sleep” mode. Suspend mode saves data and system status and shuts off all power-consuming devices, such as the monitor and hard disk drive. An amber system unit power lamp indicates that the system is in Suspend mode.

See Section 2, Setup and Operation for information about using power-saving modes.

Lamps

The front panel contains two lamps, power and disk.

n The power lamp (green) indicates that the system unit is powered on. It also pro-

vides the status of system operation. A green lamp indicates that the system is in a Full Power On mode of operation.

An amber lamp indicates that the system is in Suspend mode with full power reduction.

See Section 2, Setup and Operation for information about using power-saving modes.

n The disk lamp (green) indicates when a hard disk is performing a read or write

operation.

POWER SUPPLY

The power supply is mounted inside the system unit. It supplies power to the system board, option boards, diskette drives, hard disks, keyboard, and mouse. Two connectors connect the power supply to the system board. A fan inside the power supply provides proper ventilation for the system. The power supply in the desktop supplies 145W of power. The minitower power supply provides 200W. Power requirements and specifications for both power supplies are provided in Appendix C.

DISKETTE DRIVE

Up to two diskette drives are supported in the system. The system ships with a connector cable for a single drive. A replacement cable with two connectors is required when installing a second floppy device. The system refers to the diskette drives as A and B. Drive A is for the first drive, B is for a second optional diskette drive. The diskette drive cable plugs directly into the system board. Typically both diskette drive are terminated. See Section 3, Options, for installing an optional 5 1/4-inch diskette drive.

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