NEC EC2, EE2 Technical data
MINIATURE SIGNAL RELAYS
EC2 SERIES (DIP TYPE)
EE2 SERIES (SMD TYPE)
TECHNICAL DATA
Document No. 0170EMDD03VOL01E
Date Published July 2002 P
Printed in Japan
MINIATURE SIGNAL RELAYS
EC2 SERIES (DIP TYPE)
EE2 SERIES (SMD TYPE)
TECHNICAL DATA
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prior written consent of NEC/TOKIN Corporation. NEC/TOKIN Corporation assumes no resposibility
for any errors which may appear in this document.
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other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein
or any other liability arising from use of such device. No license, either express, implied or
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/TOKIN Corporation or others.
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DE0202
CONTENTS
1. Preface ........................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Structure ........................................................................................................................................ 2
3. Basic Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 Switching power ..................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 Life curve ................................................................................................................................................ 3
3.3 Maximum coil voltage ............................................................................................................................. 4
3.4 Coil temperature rise .............................................................................................................................. 4
3.5 Driving power vs. timing ......................................................................................................................... 5
3.6 Driving pulse width vs. set & reset voltages ........................................................................................... 6
3.7 Thermal characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 7
3.8 Magnetic interference ............................................................................................................................. 8
3.9 High-frequency characteristics ............................................................................................................... 9
3.10 Coil inductance ....................................................................................................................................... 10
3.10.1 Measurement by LCR meter .................................................................................................... 10
3.10.2 Measurement by coil current waveform ................................................................................... 10
3.11 Capacitance ........................................................................................................................................... 11
3.12 Resistance to surge voltage ................................................................................................................... 12
3.13 Current surge interrupt test .................................................................................................................... 13
3.14 Resistance to carrying current ................................................................................................................ 13
4. Distribution of Characteristics .................................................................................................... 14
4.1 Operate & release voltages (set & reset voltages) ................................................................................. 14
4.2 Operate & release times (set & reset times) .......................................................................................... 15
4.3 Transfer time .......................................................................................................................................... 16
4.4 Timing and details .................................................................................................................................. 17
4.5 Contact resistance.................................................................................................................................. 21
4.6 Breakdown voltage ................................................................................................................................. 22
4.7 Thermal Electromotive Force (EMF) (offset voltage between contacts) ................................................ 22
5. Test Data ....................................................................................................................................... 23
5.1 Environmental tests ................................................................................................................................ 24
5.1.1 High-temperature test ................................................................................................................. 24
5.1.2 Low-temperature test ................................................................................................................. 27
5.1.3 Moisture resistance test ............................................................................................................. 29
5.1.4 Heat shock test ........................................................................................................................... 31
5.1.5 Vibration test .............................................................................................................................. 33
5.1.6 Shock test ................................................................................................................................... 35
5.1.7 Resistance to solder heat test (only EC2 series) ....................................................................... 37
5.1.8 Resistance to reflow solder heat test (only EE2 series) ............................................................. 38
5.1.9 Terminal strength test (only EC2 series) .................................................................................... 40
- i -
5.2 Contact life tests ..................................................................................................................................... 41
5.2.1 Non-load test A (Mechanical life test, Ta = 25˚C) ....................................................................... 41
5.2.2 Non-load test B (Mechanical life test, T
5.2.3 Resistive load test A (10 m Vdc, 10
a = 85˚C) ....................................................................... 42
µ
A, Ta = 25˚C) ................................................................... 42
5.2.4 Resistive load test B (10 Vdc, 10 mA, Ta = 85˚C) ...................................................................... 43
5.2.5 Resistive load test C (28 Vdc, 100 mA, T
5.2.6 Resistive load test D (50 Vdc, 100 mA, T
a = 85˚C) .................................................................... 43
a = 25˚C) .................................................................... 44
5.2.7 Resistive load test E (50 Vdc, 100 mA, Ta = 85˚C) .................................................................... 44
5.2.8 Inductive load test (48 Vdc, 110 mA, Ta = 25˚C) ........................................................................ 45
5.2.9 Resistive load test F (220 Vdc, 0.14 A, Ta = 25˚C) .................................................................... 45
5.2.10 Resistive load test G (125 Vdc, 0.5 A, T
5.2.11 Resistive load test H (30 Vdc, 1 A, T
a = 25˚C) ...................................................................... 46
a = 25˚C) ........................................................................... 46
- ii -
1. Preface
Miniature signal relays are used in a wide range of application fields including communication, measurement, and
factory automation. This document gives the basic characteristics and test data of NEC’s EC2 and EE2 series
miniature signal relays.
Notes 1. The symbol
shown in the graphs throughout this document indicates the maximum value of the data.
Likewise, indicates the minimum value, and indicates the mean value.
2. When a relay is driven by an IC, a protective element such as a diode may be connected in parallel
with the relay coil to protect the IC from damage caused by the counter-electromotive force (EMF) due
to the inductance of the coil. However, unless otherwise specified, the operate time and release time
(set and reset times) shown in this document are measured without such a protective element.
Relay Coil
Tr
Diode
Power Supply
For Right Use of Miniature Relays
DO NOT EXCEED MAXIMUM RATINGS.
Do not use relays under exceeding conditions such as over ambient temperature, over voltage and over
current. Incorrect use could result in abnormal heating, damage to related parts or cause burning.
READ CAUTIONS IN THE SELECTION GUIDE.
Read the cautions described in NEC/TOKIN’s “Miniature Relays” (0123EMDD03VOL01E) when you choose
relays for your application.
1
2. Structure
Figure 2.1 shows the structures of the EC2 and the EE2 series relays. EC2 series relay has a terminal configuration
called dual in-line leads (DIL), and EE2 series relay has a resistibility to solder heat, and a terminal configuration that
conforms to surface mounting. Table 2.1 lists the parts constituting relay.
EC2 series and EE2 series relays have a common structure except difference of a terminal configuration and some
parts.
11
[EC2 series]
12
10
13
7
5
3
14
[EE2 series]
14
1
1
8
9
2
4
6
Figure 2.1 Structure of the EC2/EE2 Series Relay
Table 2.1 Parts of EC2/EE2 Series Relay
No. Parts
EC2 Series EE2 Series
1 Cover Polybutylene telephthalate
2 Base Liquid crystalline polymer
3 Base pad Liquid crystalline polymer
4 Coil wire Polyurethane copper wire
5 Coil spool Polyphenylene sulfide
#
6 Core Pure iron
7 Terminal Phosphor bronze (surface is treated with preparatory solder)
8 Moving contact Au-alloy + AgNi
9 Stationary contact Au-alloy + AgNi
*
*
10 Contact spring Phosphor bronze
11 Armature Pure iron
12 Armature block mold Polyethersulfone Liquid crystallene polymer
13 Magnet Cobalt magnet
14 Sealing material Epoxy resin
Material
*
*
*
Liquid crystalline polymer
*
Note: *: Standard type
#: Conforms to UL94V-0
2
3. Basic Characteristics
)
This section provides data necessary for designing an external circuit that uses the relay.
EC2 and EE2 series relays are designed with common specifications. So, this section shows common
characteristics of EC2 and EE2 series.
3.1 Switching power
If the contact load voltage and current of the relay are in the region enclosed by the solid and dotted lines in the
figure below, the relay can perform stable switching operation. If the relay is used at a voltage or current exceeding
this region, the life of the contacts may be significantly shortened.
2.0
1.0
0.5
Load Current (A)
0.2
20 30 50 100 200 250
Load Voltage (V
DC Resistive Load
AC Resistive Load
0.25 A
0.136 A
220 V
Figure 3.1 Switching Power
3.2 Life curve
The life expectancy of the relay can be roughly estimated from the switching voltage and current of the contact
load shown in Figure 3.2.
200
30 Vdc Resistive Load
100
50
operations)
4
20
Life (×10
10
0 0.5 1.0
Switching Current (A)
125 Vac Resistive Load
Figure 3.2 Life Curve
3
3.3 Maximum coil voltage
)
)
Figure 3.3 shows the ratio of maximum voltage that can be continuously applied to the coil of the relay to the nominal
voltage. As long as the relay is used in the enclosed region in this figure, the coil is not damaged due to burning
and the coil temperature does not rise to an abnormally high level.
(* Rated Coil Voltage: 3 to 24 Vdc)
(Rated of decrease in maximum voltage: 50%/45˚C)
150
100
Ratio of maximum applied voltage
to nominal voltage (%)
0 – 40 –200 20406080100
Ambient temperature (˚C
85˚C
Figure 3.3 Maximum Voltage Applied to Coil
3.4 Coil temperature rise
Figure 3.4 shows the relation between the rise in coil temperature and the power (product of the coil voltage and
current) dissipated by the coil. This figure shows the difference between the temperature before the power is applied
to the coil and the saturated temperature after application of power to the coil.
60
50
40
30
20
2 A
0 A
Carrying
Current
Temperature Rise (˚C)
10
0 100 200 300 400
Applied Power (mW
Figure 3.4 Coil Temperature Rise
4
3.5 Driving power vs. timing
Figure 3.5 (1) shows the relations among the power applied to drive the relay, the operate time, and the bounce
time. Figure 3.5 (2) shows the relations among the supplied power, the release time, and the bounce time, and Figure
3.5 (3) shows the relations among the supplied power, the release time, and the bounce time when a diode is not
connected to the coil to absorb surges.
(1) Operate time
4
3
2
1
Operate Time
Operate Bounce Time (ms)
0 100 200 300 400
(2) Release time (with diode)
4
3
2
1
Release Bounce Time (ms)
(with diode)
Release Time
0 100 200 300 400
Operate time
Operate bounce time
Applied Power (mW)
Release time
Release bounce time
Applied Power (mW)
(3) Release time
4
3
2
1
Release Time
Release Bounce Time (ms)
0 100 200 300 400
Applied Power (mW)
Release time
Release bounce time
Figure 3.5 Driving Power vs. Timing
5
3.6 Driving pulse width vs. set & reset voltages
Because the latching type relay can be driven on a pulse voltage, it can save power. However, if the pulse width
is too narrow, the relay does not operate correctly.
Figure 3.6 shows the relations among the width of the pulse voltage applied to the coil, the set voltage, and the
reset voltage of the latching type relay.
(1) Set voltage
200
100
Ratio of set voltage to
nominal voltage (%)
0
2345678910 20
Driving Pulse Width (ms)
(2) Reset voltage
200
100
Ratio of reset voltage to
nominal voltage (%)
0
2345678910 20
Driving Pulse Width (ms)
Figure 3.6 Driving Pulse Width vs. Set & Reset Voltages
(Hints on correct use)
If the driving pulse width is too narrow, the relay cannot be driven at the nominal voltage. Hence, in actual
applications, apply a pulse with a width of 10 ms or more to the relay.
6
3.7 Thermal characteristics
p
p
)
p
)
p
)
p
)
The general characteristics of a relay gradually change with the ambient temperature. Figure 3.7 shows the typical
characteristics of the EC2 series relay.
(1) Operate & release voltages
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
Change in Must Operate and Must
Release Voltages (%)
– 40 –20 0 20406080100
Operate
Release
Ambient Tem
rature Ta (˚C)
(2) Contact resistance* (4) Transfer times
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
Changes in Contact Resistance (%)
– 40 –20 0 20406080100
Ambient Tem
rature Ta (˚C
130
120
110
100
90
80
Cange in Transfer Time (%)
70
– 40 –20 0 20406080100
Operate
Release
Ambient Tem
rature Ta (˚C
(3) Operate & release times (5) Coil resistance
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
Change in Must Operate and Must
Release Times (%)
– 40 –20 0 20406080100
Operate
Release
Ambient Tem
rature Ta (˚C
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
Change in Coil Resistance (%)
– 40 –20 0 20406080100
Ambient Tem
rature Ta (˚C
Figure 3.7 Temperature Characteristics
* The contact resistance includes the conductive resistance of the terminals. It is this conductive resistance
component that changes with the temperature.
7
3.8 Magnetic interference
This section describes changes in the operate voltage caused by mutual magnetic interference when several relays
are closely mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB). Figure 3.8 (1) shows the distance among the relays mounted
on the PCB. As shown, the pin pitch of each relay is 2.54 mm. Figure 3.8 (2) shows the relay that is subject to
interference. In this figure, the hatched relay shown in the center of each relay arrangement is subject to interference,
and the surrounding relays influence the center relay. The condition under which the center relay suffers interference
and the surrounding relays affect the center relay differs depending on whether power is supplied to each relay. Figure
3.8 (3) shows the deviation in percent of the operate and release voltages of the center relays in Figure 3.8 (2).
(1) Mounting pitch (mm) (2) Relay arrangement
[EC2 series]
6 × 2.54
[EE2 series]
6 × 2.54
3 × 2.54
2.54
2.54
10.16
2.54
2.54
ON
ON
ON OFF OFF
OFF
Condition1 Condition2
ON
OFF
Condition3 Condition4
ON
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
Condition5 Condition6
(3) Deviation of must operate and must release voltages
+20
+10
0
–10
–20
Deviation of Must
Operate Voltage (%)
+20
+10
0
–10
–20
Deviation of Must
Release Voltage (%)
123456
123456
Condition
Condition
Figure 3.8 Magnetic Interference
8
3.9 High-frequency characteristics
Figure 3.9 shows the performance of the EC2 and the EE2 series relays when a high-frequency signal is switched
by the contacts of the relay. Figure 3.9 (1) shows the test circuit. Figure 3.9 (2) shows the isolation loss of the relay.
Figure 3.9 (3) and Figure 3.9 (4) respectively show the insertion loss and return loss.
(1) Test circuit
Test equipment: HP8505A Network Analyzer (characteristic impedance: 50 Ω)
50 Ω
(2) Isolation loss
Isolation Loss
Network Analyzer
Test Set
IN
OUT
50 Ω
70
60
50
40
30
Isolation Loss (dB)
20
10
0
Insertion Loss
Network Analyzer
OUT
Test Set
IN
50 Ω
10 100 1000
Frequency (MHz)
Return Loss
Network Analyzer
IN
Bridge
OUT
50 Ω
(3) Insertion loss (4) Return loss
1.5
1.0
0.5
Insertion Loss (dB)
0
10 100 1000
Frequency (MHz)
70
60
50
40
30
Return Loss (dB)
20
10
0
Figure 3.9 High-frequency characteristics
Return Loss
V. S. W. R.
10 100 1000
Frequency (MHz)
3
2
V. S. W. R.
1
9
3.10 Coil inductance
The control input of a relay is the coil. The coil inductance can be measured using the following two methods.
Either method may be used based on preference.
Table 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 show the results of measurement.
3.10.1 Measurement by LCR meter
Table 3.1.1 Coil Inductance
(Unit: mH)
Part Number Part Number Part Number
Non-latching type Inductance Single coil Inductance Double coil Inductance
(Standard type) Latching type Latching type
EC2/EE2-3 30 EC2/EE2-3S 14 EC2/EE2-3T 10
EC2/EE2-4.5 48 EC2/EE2-4.5S 32 EC2/EE2-4.5T 21
EC2/EE2-5 64 EC2/EE2-5S 40 EC2/EE2-5T 26
EC2/EE2-6 83 EC2/EE2-6S 56 EC2/EE2-6T 38
EC2/EE2-9 180 EC2/EE2-9S 130 EC2/EE2-9T 78
EC2/EE2-12 340 EC2/EE2-12S 220 EC2/EE2-12T 135
EC2/EE2-24 868 EC2/EE2-24S 1450 EC2/EE2-24T 825
(Measurement frequency: 1 kHz)
3.10.2 Measurement by coil current waveform
τ
The inductance is calculated by observation of
τ
: Determined by current waveform I = Imax (1 – e
Coil Current
τ
equaling 63.2 % of max value
-t/τ
).
100 %
63.2 %
τ
= × R
L
= Coil resistance
R
= Coil current
I
Time (t)
Table 3.1.2 Coil Inductance
(Unit: mH)
Part Number Part Number Part Number
Non-latching type Inductance Single coil Inductance Double coil Inductance
(Standard type) Latching type Latching type
EC2/EE2-3 19 EC2/EE2-3S 11 EC2/EE2-3T 7
EC2/EE2-4.5 46 EC2/EE2-4.5S 27 EC2/EE2-4.5T 20
EC2/EE2-5 54 EC2/EE2-5S 34 EC2/EE2-5T 23
EC2/EE2-6 88 EC2/EE2-6S 51 EC2/EE2-6T 36
EC2/EE2-9 206 EC2/EE2-9S 120 EC2/EE2-9T 85
EC2/EE2-12 392 EC2/EE2-12S 241 EC2/EE2-12T 151
EC2/EE2-24 983 EC2/EE2-24S 1100 EC2/EE2-24T 820
10
(Applied voltage = Nominal D.C. voltage)
3.11 Capacitance
Table 3.2 shows the capacitance between terminals of the EC2 and the EE2 series relay.
Note that the terminals not tested are left open.
[EC2 series] [EE2 series]
1 345
1 345
12 10 9 8
Internal Connection of Relay (Bottom View)
Table 3.2 Capacitance
Parameter
Between Coil and Contact 1, 4 1.44
Between Opening Contacts 4, 5 0.56
Between Adjacent Contacts 4, 8 0.34
12 10 9 8
(Unit: pF)
Terminal
Number
9, 12 1.45
8, 9 0.57
4, 9 0.64
5, 8 0.19
5, 9 0.34
Capacitance
11
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