NCT Group 990T, 100T, 2000T User Manual

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NCT

100T

NCT

990T

NCT

Controls for Lathes

Operator`s Manual

Valid from software version x.057

2000T

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Produced and developed by NCT Automation kft.

H1148 Budapest Fogarasi út 7

: Letters: H1631 Bp. pf.: 26 F Phone: (+36 1) 467 63 00

F Fax:(+36 1) 363 6605

E-mail: [email protected]

Home Page: www.nct.hu

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Contents

Introduction ............................................................ 7

1 Operator’s Panel ....................................................... 8

1.1 The NC Control Panel: Display Unit and Data Input Keyboard ................. 8

1.1.1 Data Input Keyboard ............................................. 10

1.1.2 Information Displayed in General Displaying Area and the Status Bar ........ 11

1.1.3 Indication of Ready Status of Control ................................ 13

1.2 Machine Control Board .............................................. 13

2 General Operating Knowledge ........................................... 17

2.1 Screen Menu ...................................................... 17

2.2 Action Menu ...................................................... 19

2.3 Data Input ........................................................ 19

3 General Displaying Areas and Actions Executed on Them ..................... 21

3.1 POSITION Screens ................................................. 22

3.2 CHECK Screens.................................................... 24

3.2.1 PROGRAM TEXT Screen, Listing of Running Program .................. 24

3.2.2 FUNCTION Screen, Subprogram and Macro Levels ..................... 24

3.2.3 LAST and ACTIVE screens. G Codes and Compensations................. 25

3.2.4 OPERATOR’S PANEL Screen ..................................... 26

3.2.5 MESSAGES Screen ............................................. 29

3.3 PROGRAM Screens ................................................. 30

3.3.1 DIRECTORY Screen ............................................ 30

3.3.2 VIEW Screen .................................................. 32

3.3.3 EDIT Screen ................................................... 33

3.3.4 BLOCK INPUT ................................................ 34

3.4 OFFSETS Screens .................................................. 35

3.4.1 WORK OFFSETS Screen ......................................... 35

3.4.2 TOOL OFFSETS Screen.......................................... 36

3.4.3 WORK OFFSET MEASURE Screen ................................ 39

3.4.4 TOOL LENGTH OFFSET MEASURE Screen ......................... 40

3.4.5 RELATIVE POSITION OFFSETS Screen ............................ 41

3.5 GRAPHIC POSITION Screens ........................................ 42

3.5.1 GRAPHIC PARAMETERS Screen .................................. 42

3.5.2 DRAW Screen.................................................. 44

3.6 SETTING Screens .................................................. 46

3.6.1 Screen of LOCAL MACRO VARIABLES ............................ 46

3.6.2 Screen of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #100–#199 ................. 47

3.6.3 Screen of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #500–#599 ................. 48

3.6.4 TIMER AND COUNTER Screen ................................... 49

3.6.5 TOOL POT TABLE Screen ....................................... 49

3.6.6 PLC TABLE Screen ............................................. 51

3.6.7 USER’S PARAMETERS Screen (User’s Params) ....................... 52

3.6.8 SECURITY PANEL Screen ....................................... 53

4 Editing Part Programs ................................................. 56

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4.1 Structure of Part Program ............................................ 56

4.2 Division of EDIT Screen during Editing.................................. 57

4.3 Basic Editing Functions: Typing, Cursor Moving, Delete, Insert, Select .......... 59

4.4 Editor Action Menu................................................. 62

4.5 File Actions: Save, Save as ........................................... 62

4.6 Edit Actions: Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, Find and Replace ..................... 62

4.7 Insert Actions ..................................................... 64

4.8 Actions of Window ................................................ 64

4.9 Help ............................................................ 65

5 Switching Over Operation Modes ........................................ 66

6 Manual Operation Modes .............................................. 67

6.1 Manual Reference Point Return Mode ................................... 67

6.2 Jog Mode ........................................................ 69

6.3 Incremental Jog Mode ............................................... 71

6.4 Manual Handle Mode ............................................... 73

7 Actions Executed in Manual Operation Modes ............................. 75

7.1 Single Block Operation .............................................. 75

7.2 Work Zero Point Offset and Tool Length Offset Measurement . . .............. 75

7.2.1 Work Zero Point Offset Measurement ............................... 76

7.2.2 Tool Length Offset Measurement inside the Machine .................... 79

7.2.3 Automatic Tool Length Offset Measurement .......................... 81

7.2.4 Calibrating Tool Offset Sensor ..................................... 82

8 Modes of Automatic Operation .......................................... 85

8.1 Automatic Mode ................................................... 85

8.1.1 Program Execution in DNC ....................................... 85

8.2 Edit Mode ........................................................ 87

8.3 Manual Data Input Mode............................................. 88

9 Override Switches ..................................................... 90

9.1 Feedrate Override Switch ............................................ 90

9.2 Rapid Traverse Override Switch ....................................... 91

9.3 Spindle Speed Override Switch ........................................ 91

10 Program Execution Start and Stop ...................................... 93

10.1 Starting Program Execution.......................................... 93

10.2 Feed Stop ....................................................... 93

10.3 RESET ......................................................... 93

10.4 Programmed Stop: M00 ............................................ 94

10.5 Conditional Stop: M01 ............................................. 94

10.6 End of Program: M02, M30.......................................... 95

11 Intervention in the Course of Program Execution .......................... 96

11.1 Conditional Block Skip ............................................. 96

11.2 Increasing Feedrate by Means of Rapid Traverse Jog Button . ................ 96

11.3 Intervention by Means of Manual Handle in Automatic Operation ............. 97

12 Debugging the Part Program ........................................... 99

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12.1 Single Block Execution.............................................. 99

12.2 Dry Run (All Feedrates at High Speed).................................. 99

12.3 Machine Lock Function ............................................ 100

12.4 Other Locking Possibilities .......................................... 100

12.5 Test Run........................................................ 101

13 Interruption and Restart of Automatic Operation ......................... 102

13.1 Interruption of Automatic Operation................................... 102

13.2 Restart of the Automatic Operation. Modal Information. ................... 102

13.3 Unconditional Restart of Automatic Operation ........................... 104

13.4 Automatic Operation Restart with BLOCK RESTART Condition . . .......... 109

13.4.1 Return to the Block Start Position by Means of Manual Operation......... 109

13.4.2 Return to Block Start Position in Automatic Mode .................... 109

13.4.3 Cases of Return by Means of BLOCK RESTART Condition ............. 110

13.5 Automatic Mode Restart with BLOCK RETURN Condition ................ 113

13.5.1 Return to the Interruption Point by Means of Manual Operation .......... 113

13.5.2 Return to the Interruption Point in Automatic Operation . ............... 113

13.5.3 Cases of Return by Means of Condition BLOCK RETURN.............. 114

13.6 Automatic Operation Start after Block Search ........................... 117

13.6.1 Pointing at the Desired Block. Entering the Repetition Count. ............ 117

13.6.2 Command SEARCH ........................................... 118

13.6.3 Command GOTO ............................................. 120

13.6.4 Search for INTERRUPTED Block ................................ 120

14 Listing of Messages and their Codes ..................................... 122

14.1 Local Message ................................................... 122

14.2 Global Messages.................................................. 122

14.3 Listing of Global Messages.......................................... 124

Notes ................................................................ 143

Alphabetical index ..................................................... 144

March 18, 2003

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The Publisher reserves all rights for the contents of this Manual. No reprinting, even in extracts, is permissible unless our written consent is obtained. The text of this Manual has been compiled and checked with utmost care, yet we assume no liability for possible errors or spurious data and for consequential losses or damages.

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Introduction

Dear User,

Thank you for having opted for one of our NCT100T, NCT990T, or NCT2000T control systems. It is hoped sincerely that you will be always satisfied in your work with its facilities.

It should be remembered that the skill of operating the machine can only be learnt in the possession of the part programming fundamentals. Similarly, no programming is feasible unless the skills of machine operation are acquired.

THE MACHINE CANNOT BE MANIPULATED OR OPERATED IN SAFETY UNLESS

YOU CAN INTERPRET THE PART PROGRAM AND CHECK IT FOR CORRECT-

NESS!

THE OPERATOR OF THE MACHINE MUST ALWAYS FORESEE ALL CONSE-

QUENCES OF HIS/HER INTERVENTIONS!

Conditions of Operation and Storage

The control system may be operated at an ambient temperature between +10 and +50/C; It must not be turned on at any other temperature. The programs in the memory cannot be

warranted for preservation if the control is stored at a temperature below +10/C. The storage temperature range is -10 to +50/C.

The control unit is cooled by one or two built-in fans. The fan with a filter, mounted on top of the electronic section, should produce a slight over-pressure inside the cabinet. It should be made sure that the external and the built-in fans are not working against each other. The cleanliness of the filter of the external fan, or if necessary, a replacement thereof is a basic condition for the faultless operation of the control system. It is forbidden to open the door of the cabinet of electronic section (or to disassemble the unit) for aeration or any other purpose while the control system is under power. It is also forbidden and involves the loss of the warranty to remove, repair or subsequently adjust the PC boards of the control system. The only exceptions are the replacements of the 1.6 and 6.3 fuses on the front panel of the PC board of the power supply, and setting the brightness control of the screen. Replacement of fuses can only be done if the tool machine is in power-off status.

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1 Operator’s Panel

1.1 The NC Control Panel: Display Unit and Data Input Keyboard

The NC control panel employs the display unit (monitor), the softkeys beneath, and the data input keyboard.

The NCT100T, NCT990T and the NCT 2000T control panels are available in different versions. The monitor can be 9" monochrome, or 15" color.

Operator’s panel with 9" monochrome monitor and with optional Machine control board

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1 Operator’s Panel

Operator’s panel with 15" color monitor and with optional Machine control board

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1 Operator’s Panel

1.1.1 Data Input Keyboard

In case of a 9" monitor directly beneath the screen are five softkeys, in case of a 15" monitor ten softkeys built together with the screen. In both cases the meaning of these softkeys can be read in the menu bars found in the bottom line of screen, therefore their meanings may alter. However it is likely, that in some right-side menu bar there are no captions. This can only mean, that in that situation the softkeys have no function at all.

To the left of the first softkey is the

screen menu key , while to the right of the last softkey is the

action menu key . The meaning of these keys is permanent and serve for changing

the meaning of softkeys. The data- input keyboard may be found beneath or to the right of the monitor. The LED “NC ready” is placed on the data- input keyboard.

The main key groups found on data input keyboard are as follows::

Delete keys:

RESET for deleting global and

CANCEL for deleting local messages.

Alphabetical keys:

On the panel the letters of English alphabets, the space key without a caption as well as key

SHIFT can be found. In case key SHIFT is held down, and at the same time a letter key

is pressed, the symbol indicated at the top left corner of the key appears.

Numeric input keys:

The numeric input keys (digits, decimal point, sign reverser) are beside the letters in a separate block that gathers up 3x4 keys.

Scrolling and editing keys:

Arrow keys and move the cursor on characters within a word.

When editing part programs (using EDIT screen) their meanings are:

: Enter (Line Feed s)

: Backspace

Arrow keys and naturally move the cursor in the indicated direction on the

address chain.

Arrow keys and move the cursor from one block to another in the

indicated direction.

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1 Operator’s Panel

Keys PgUp and

PgDn are used for turning pages within the text.

Keys INS and

DEL serve for inserting and deleting characters.

The above listed units (monitor and keyboard) constitute the permanent part of NC and are transported together with the control in any case of configuration.

The NC keyboard is fitted with repeater-type keys. This means ) that a depressed key produces an immediate effect, ) that a held-down key produces an effect again after a programmed delay (Typematic Delay), ) that, with the key held down permanently, the appropriate code will be entered into t he

CPU of the system over and over again at a programmed rate (Typematic Rate). The delay (TD) and the rate (TR) can be set with the help of parameter 1121 TYPEMATIC (for details see Parameters).

1.1.2 Information Displayed in General Displaying Area and the Status Bar

Information seen in general displaying area can be divided into 3 parts: – in the bottom line are the fields of current captions of softkeys, – above - in the middle of screen - is the general displaying area, – while the top three lines form the status bar.

The Status Bar

The top three lines give a general outlook on the present status of control and machine tool. The content of this displaying area is permanent, no matter which general screening area is selected. In the first line there are eight status fields. Each status field can only display logically connecting states. In case there are more states to be displayed in one status field (for there are simultaneously more state conditions), the last one in the list below is shown.

1 State of First Operation Mode Group

– MDI: manual data input mode – AUTM: automatic mode, program execution from memory – AUTD: automatic mode, program execution from external device – EDIT: edit mode

2 State of Second Operation Mode Group

– JOG: jog mode – INCR: incremental jog mode – HNDL: manual handle feed mode – REF: manual reference point return mode – SBEX: execution of a single block

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1 Operator’s Panel

3 Functional State of Automatic and Manual Data Input

– NSCH: block search – INTD: automatic execution interrupted – STRT: start state – STOP: stop state

4 Program Manipulation State

– LOAD: loading program from external device – SAVE: saving program to external device – SORT: sorting programs in directory is in progress – EDIT: long-lasting edit operation – WFTG: waiting for trigger – TRGD: triggered – Exch: change between general displaying areas is in progress – BURN: burning into FLASH

5 Interpolator State

– MOV: either axis moves (interpolator started) – DWL: waiting specified by dwell G4 – POS: waiting for in position signal – 1: increment size is 1 increment – 10: increment size is 10 increment – 100: increment size is 100 increment – 1000: increment size is 1000 increment – feedrate: feedrate value from table – DRUN:dry run – HOLD: feed hold state

6 PLC State – FIN: execution of a PLC function is in progress

7 Message Line State

– #*®!: # mirror, * scaling, ® active rotation, and ! the common offset is not zero – OPRM: operator’s message in message line – PLC: PLC message in message line – ALRM: alarm message in message line – ! !: access forbidden – º»: conflicting state

8 General NC State

– REF: no reference point on an axis – TEST:test mode – LOCK: machine lock state – EMG: emergency stop state – KYBD: no connection to keyboard

In the second line is the message field. In this field the global messages, i.e. messages independent of the general displaying area, alarm messages of NC, PLC and macros as well as

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1 Operator’s Panel

the operator’s messages of PLC are displayed. The date and time display can also be found in this line.

In the third line the name of the active general displaying area and behind the number of programs indicated for running can be read. In case of manual data input mode, the number of programs belonging to the manual data input can be seen here, otherwise the number of programs indicated for automatic mode is displayed.

1.1.3 Indication of Ready Status of Control

The light of the LED "NC ready" indicates the power-on and functional ready condition of the control system. The LED will turn dark – upon power-off of the control system, – if the control breaks down, – if the monitoring program (watchdog) of the control detects a malfunctioning or a fatal

error.

If the LED is dark, the control is out of service!

1.2 Machine Control Board

The operation mode and functional state of the machine must be capable of being changed and the machining must be capable of being started and stopped. The buttons and switches influencing the function of the machine are called machine control items. The machine control items can be operated – partly after selecting the appropriate general displaying area by means of softkeys on NC

keyboard, or – by means of buttons, switches installed separately. A summary of the state of control items, the active mode ect. appears if the CONTROL PANEL screen is selected.

The machine control panel must contain primarily those operating items, that cannot be accessed from the data input keyboard by means of softkeys (e.g. START, STOP), or their access is hard. Certain items of the machine keyboard can make the intervention from data input keyboard through softkeys unnecessary. Of course the developed machine keyboard can also activate all, from data input keyboard through softkeys attainable machine control items. The case, whether an operating item is to be accessed from softkeys or only from machine control panel is determined by the machine tool builder as a function of the developed machine keyboard, so for details turn to him for an information material.

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1 Operator’s Panel

Optional machine control board

Bel ow the operating items of machine control board delivered by NCT are described. The lighting state of LED in the top left corner of buttons shows, that the function indicated by the key is active.

Emergency stop. By its depressing the NC registers the emergency stop state, shuts down all movements, and cut s its outputs off the machine. It can be undone by rotating the head of the button in the direction of the arrow. For more details of its functioning turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

Machine on button. By affecting it, if the machine is not in emergency stop state (e.g. the emergency stop is not in held down state) the control and the machine link. Other parts of the machine, e.g., hydraulics, etc. come into effect. For more details about the

power-on process of the machine turn to the machine tool builder.

Operation mode selectors:

Jog

Incremental jog

Manual handle

Manual reference point return

Edit

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Automatic

Manual data input

Increment selectors:

Override switches:

1 Operator’s Panel

Selecting 1, 10, 100, 1000 increment size.

Feedrate override switch. By affecting it the programmed feedrate can be changed in the 0-120% range.

Rapid traverse override value can be influenced by four

optionally supplied buttons.

Spindle speed override buttons. By affecting <–> the pro-

grammed revolution is reduced, by affecting <+> it is increased by 10% in the 50-150% range. As the effect of button 100% the programmed revolution is acknowledged.

Switches modifying the conditions of program execution:

Single block execution

Conditional block skip

Conditional stop

Program test

Machine lock

Dry run

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1 Operator’s Panel

Block restart

Block return

Function lock

Movement, start and stop buttons

Start button. Details of its functioning are discussed in the forthcoming

chapters of the Manual.

Stop button. Details of its functioning are discussed in the forthcoming

chapters of the Manual.

Jog buttons. Operators of jogging and incrementing. In case of running to reference point they serve for selecting axes. The arrangement of buttons can vary for machine types.

Spindle start and stop buttons. By affecting them the spindle

starts to spin in CW direction (M3), or in CCW direction (M4), as well as stops to spin (M5).

Apart from these buttons the machine control panel contains 8 optionally used buttons equipped with LEDs (with 4 optional rapid traverse override buttons among them), about which the machine tool builder decides, what function he chooses to build in. Also, a manual handle can be attached to the machine control panel.

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2 General Operating Knowledge

2.1 Screen Menu

After turning the power on among the captions interpreting the softkeys the screen menu is active. On a color screen the default background color of the menu bar of the screen menu is

light grey. In order to switch over from another menu to this, the screen menu key

must be pressed. The different screens can be selected in the screen menu by pressing the softkey with the appropriate caption. Actions (e.g., Data input) cannot be initiated from the screen menu, this menu is only for to switch over between screens. The screen menu is of two levels, in the first level the following screen menus can be found:

Position

If the appropriate screen within the screen menu is active, the caption of the menu field is highlighted, otherwise the caption is dark (black). After turning the power on the ABSOLUTE POSITION screen is active, this is why the Position (Positn) is highlighted. In order to switch over to another screen menu simply the softkey of the desired screen menu must be pressed.

The last softkey of the first level of screen menu (beside the action menu key ) is the

Page. With this softkey can the next screen be switched over within the screen menu without activating the menu by pushing the softkey of the active screen menu.

The control memorizes the screen within the screen menu, and when returning to the screen menu it offers the same screen. For example: On the POSITION screen menu the MACHINE POSITION is displayed by means of Page than after selecting the OPERATOR’S PANEL screen menu the POSITION screen menu is returned, in this case the MACHINE POSITION screen appears (the name of the screen can always be seen in the third line).

Should the control contain five softkeys (9" monitor), it can only display five menu fields at a time. In this case the first level of the screen menu is as follows:

Position

Check2Program

Check

Program3Offsets

Offsets4Graphic

Page

Setting6Service

Page

789

Note, that the fifth softkey is the Page! The part containing the further screen menus can be displayed by pressing screen menu key

Graphics1Setting

Here the caption of neither screen menu is highlighted, for the POSITION screen menu is active, but presently it is not shown. As the last screen menu is the SERVICE, by pressing

screen menu key again the previous part of the screen menu is returned. If there were

Service

Page

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2 General Operating Knowledge

further items after Service screen menu, those would be shown by pressing the screen menu

key , until the first part of screen menu is returned.

The number seen in the bottom right corner of menu field indicates the softkey number of the appropriate menu field and not the line number of the menu within the screen menu (for more see parameter SFNUMB ).

By pressing the softkey of the active screen menu, its menu appears. On the basis of the previous example the following menu appears by pressing the Position softkey:

Absolute1Relative2Machine3End

Overall

The Position menu consists of five items, therefore starting with the sixth menu field the forthcoming ones stay blank (for those have no meanings at all). Suppose, that the second - and last - level of the screen menu is in effect. Here by pressing the softkeys the caption of the appropriate menu field becomes highlighted and the selected screen appears immediately. On the second level there is no Page softkey, because there the desired screen can instantly be selected. If there is not enough room for the screens forming a screen menu in the menu bar, the subsequent parts can be brought in by pressing the screen menu key

. If the last menu item of the screen menu is already in the menu bar, then by pressing

screen menu key the first level of the screen menu is returned.

The following menu items (screens) can be selected from the screen menus:

Position

Absolute1Relative2Machine3End

Overall5Cartesia

7890

Check

Text

Function2Last

Active4Oprtr`s

panel 5

Message

7890

Program

Director y1

Offsets

Work offsets 1

Tool offsets 2

Graphics

Graphic

Draw

param 1

Edit 3

W. offs. measur 3

Block input 4

T. leng. measur 4

FEW

5 6 7 890

Rel. pos offsets 5 6 7 8 9 0

2 3 45

7890

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Setting

#1- #33 1

Service

#100#199 2

#500#599 3

Timer / counter 4

Tool pot 5PLC ta-

ble 6

User’s params7

2 General Operating Knowledge

Security 8 9 0

Param 1PLC

Test I/O 3

Logic anal 4

Test mes 5

Scope

Errors 7Version

890

Summary: The screen menus are in two levels. The first level has eight screen menus. On the

first level the screens can be switched over within the active menu field by means of

Page softkey. If all menu items do not have enough room on the screen, the screen

menu key turns a page. If the last menu item is shown in the menu bar, then by

pressing screen menu key again, the first part of the first level is returned.

2.2 Action Menu

If some kind of action e.g., data input is to be done on different screens, the action menu belonging to the screen can be switched over in the menu bar by pressing action menu key

. As could the screen menu, the action menu can also have maximum two levels, but in

some cases there are menu items already on the first level, that result in direct action. The default background color of the action menu is orange. The active state of menu field may also be indicated apart from the highlighted (white) or dark (black) colors of the caption by the depressed state of menu field. If an action cannot be activated in the given control state, the background color of menu field changes to the color of the screen menu and the menu field serves no longer as a start button and is only surrounded by a frame. If all action menu items belonging to the given screen do not have enough room in the menu bar, then - as in case of screen menu - it is possible to turn the page within the menu by means

of action menu key . If the last menu is already on screen, then by pressing action

menu key the first part of the first level of the action menu is returned.

The action menu is determined by the active screen.

2.3 Data Input

On the different screens data input can be initiated. Data input must be started by pressing

action menu key The data input line is on the bottom of screen, above the softkeys is

the data input line, where the control gathers the entered data. Numbers are entered according to the following rules: – The number entered gives value to the address defined in the data input line. – It is not mandatory to enter the left-hand (insignificant) zeros.

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2 General Operating Knowledge

– The digit entered is interpreted as an integer or as a decimal digit before or after the decimal

point has been pressed, respectively.

– It is not necessary to enter the right-hand insignificant zeros behind the decimal point or the

decimal point (in the case of an integer value).

– The data input can be started with decimal point when the integer part of a number is zero.

– Key and incremental operator I (provided they are permissible for the given address

character) may be hit several times during the input of the number, any time before the use of arrow keys terminating the numeric input. The default is a positive absolute value. The incremental data input and the sign will be indicated in the first and second positions of the location in front of the number, respectively.

– The control system displays DATA error message during data input whenever a formal error

is committed in the number to be specified for the given address (exceeding the number

of integer or decimal digits, illegal use of the incremental operator or one of keys

or .

– A numeric input in progress can be cleared any time by key <DEL> before termina-

tion. In this case the condition preceding the commencement of numeric input is restored.

The effects of keys and terminating a numeric input differ from each other in that

forward or backward stepping in the address chain will be performed upon depression of

or , respectively. Keys and can be used for stepping the address chain (in

the absence of a numeric input) as well as for the termination of a numeric input.

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3 General Displaying Areas and Actions Executed on Them

Each general displaying area is accessible any time, independent of the current operation mode or other states of control. However actions belonging to the given display cannot be executed any time, the execution can depend on the mode or other states of control. For example editing of parameters can only be done in EDIT mode, although the list of parameters can be seen any time, in AUTOMATIC mode even during machining . If execution of an action is impossible in the given control mode, it is indicated by two arrows pointing at each other º» (conflicting state) in the status field of the seventh message line. It is quite another matter, that the action may be able to be executed in any control mode, still the action will not be effective immediately. For example the tool offset value can be changed any time, even during milling, yet the machining must be interr upted (create INTD state) and restarted for the control to register the new offset value.

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3.1 POSITION Screens

There can be five types of POSITION screens. The first four screens displays the selected position with big-size characters, meanwhile on the fifth screen all position displays as well as in case of six or fewer axes the feed and revolution values are also displayed with normal characters. In case of an oriented spindle when the loop is closed (state M19) the screen shows the angle position of the spindle instead of the revolution. If the spindle can be programmed as axis C, the line starts with C in place of S. In the line of feed display the current coordinate system number can also be read.

ABSOLUTE POSITION Scre-

en (Absolt): In the

selected coordinate system in respect of the appropriate offsets and compensations.

RELATIVE POSITION Scre-

en (Relatv): After refer-

ence point has been returned it corresponds to absolute position. It can be overwritten or zeroed in an optional state.

in the G53 coordinate system in respect of length offsets.

MACHINE POSITION Screen (Mach): Position measured

END POSITION Screen: End

position of the block in the current coordinate system in respect of length offsets.

OVERALL POSITION Screen

(Overll): Beside the

previous four displays the distance to go also gets to be displayed. It shows how much is left of the current movement. By this display (in case of six or fewer axes) the programmed and current feed and revolution can also be seen.

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3.1 POSITION Screens

CARTESIAN POSITION Screen: In the state of polar coordinate interpolation on (G12.1) it

indicates the tool position in the programmed Cart esian coordinate system. In the state

of polar coordinate interpolation off (G13.1) positions indicated here are the same as

on the screen ABSOLUTE.

The first three screens also have a setting function; The position display selected the last time will be beside distance to go and end position by general displaying areas (except for offsets), where the position display can be seen on the top of general displaying area.

Actions of POSITION Screens

Actions of POSITION screens correspond to that of the OPERATOR’S PANEL screen (see the chapter 3.2.4).

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3.2 CHECK Screens

This screen serves for displaying running programs and their states.

3.2.1 PROGRAM TEXT Screen, Listing of Running Program

In the lower part of general displaying area the list of the running program can be seen. One block on the list is highlighted; This is the block under execution. In the middle part of general displaying areas of feed and revolution can be seen (provided the number of displayed axes is not more than six). The position display is in the upper part of general displaying area. In the first column the current tool position in agreement with the selected POSITION screen (see the chapter 3.1), in the middle

column the distance to go position, while in the right one t he end position can be seen.

3.2.2 FUNCTION Screen, Subprogram and Macro Levels

In the right-side subprogram field of general displaying area the active subprogram(s) can be seen. Directly after the number of the subprogram stands the repetition number. The fields on the bottom of general displaying area show information on the revolution state of spindle (M3, M4, M5, M19), of the gear range (M11, M12, M113, M14,...), of the current tool (Tnnnn), of auxiliary functions (A, B and C), as well as of further (in PLC program

defined) M codes. The first column shows the position in agreement with the selected POSITION screen (see the chapter 3.2), while the second one shows the distance to go position.

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3.2 CHECK Screens

3.2.3 LAST and ACTIVE screens. G Codes and Compensations.

On the LAST and ACTIVE screens the active G codes and compensations under block display (LAST) and program execution (ACTIVE) can be seen. The LAST screen corresponds to the values of #4000..., #4100... macro variables, while the ACTIVE screen to that of

#4200..., #4300... .

The current tool position is displayed on the upper part of general displaying area. In the first column the position in agreement with the selected POSITION screen (see the chapter 3.1), in the middle column the distance to go position, while in the right one the end position can be seen. If less than seven axes are to be displayed information on feed and spindle revolution appears in the middle part of general displaying area.

In the lower part of general displaying area starting from the left, downwards the G codes and the tool number with the compensation number can be seen. Of the G codes only those, different from default setting are displayed.

Actions of sreens PROGRAM TEXT, FUNCTION, LAST and ACTIVE.

Block Input action menu: Pushing action menu button and selecting action menu

Block Input, it is possible to input and execute a program block or to modify an old

one. Block Input and execution is only available in modes jog (JOG), incremental jog (INCR) or handle (HNDL). The block demanded can be edited by the alphanumerical keys. In the line has been

edited cursor can be moved by the keys or if something is to be over-

written or deleted. For insertion use key INS. By pushing it INSERT and

OVERWRITE state can be toggled. Use buttons DEL, or (Backspace)

for deletion.

Block input can be terminated by keys (Enter), or . Then in status

field 2 the title (SBEX) (single block execution) appears. Using START button the single block is executed. With RESET key single block exetution can be cancelled (even before pushing START) and the block can be edited again. Single block in buffer is saved and can be recalled until turning the control off.

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3.2 CHECK Screens

Action I can be used for input of incremental operator. Action Block Delete clears the whole block in buffer.

3.2.4 OPERATOR’S PANEL Screen

The general display area of OPERATOR’S PANEL shows a view on the state of the most essential machine control items. The controllability of different item groups from softkeys is permitted by the PLC program. The illustration shows the general displaying area of the control panel. In the topmost button group the state of operation mode switches can be seen. Below it the state of axis selecting switch is shown. This is followed by the incre-

ment selecting switch, than in the third line the percent switches are displayed. The button group in the middle reflects the state of condition switches and the one below that of PLC switches.

Actions of OPERATOR’S PANEL Screen

The following actions can be activated on Operator’s Panel screen by pressing action menu

key :

Modes 1

Axes

Incr

Conditio

ns 5

Mach6Clear

rel.pnt.7 8 9 0

The first six keys are menu keys, i.e. by pressing the appropriate softkey the action keys belonging to the given menu become visible. On the menu field of action keys, if the appropriate softkey is pressed and the control accepts it the key stays depressed. The seventh CLEAR RELPNT is an action key, i.e. its pressing results in an immediate effect. The controllability of each action menu from softkeys is permitted or prohibited by the PLC program. If an action cannot be controlled from softkeys, it can be accessed from an external control device. Instruction regarding this can be found in the enclosed manual of the machine.

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Operation Modes Actions (Modes)

The following modes can be selected:

3.2 CHECK Screens

Edit

Auto

Mdi

Jog

Incr

Handle

Ref

7890

Axes Actions

In the menu bar all axes of the machine tool are listed. Here t he axis, with which an action must be done, can be selected. This action is necessary for example if an axis is to be moved by means of a manual handle. The axis to be moved must be selected by the use of the appropriate softkey In this case a highlighted frame surrounds the letter indicating the selected one in the Axis line of general displaying area.

4567890

Increment Actions (Incr)

In the menu bar the eligible increment sizes are listed. If one is selected, it is surrounded by a highlighted frame. The selected increment has function in the Incremental feed (INCR) and Manual handle feed (HNDL) modes. The values seen in the menu bar are in increments.

100

1000

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% Actions

The rapid traverse, spindle and feedrate switches can be modified by pressing softkeys.

R-

R+

S-

S+

F-

F+

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The current position of switches can be seen in the middle of general displaying area at addresses G, S and F.

Conditions Actions

The following states can be switched on or off:

Single block 1

Cond. block 2

Cond. stop 3

Block return 4

Block restart 5

Dry run6Machin

e lock 7

Test

890

Machine Actions (Mach)

Maximum eight optionally used softkeys. Their captions are determined by the PLC program, about their operation and usage instructions can be read in the enclosed manual of the machine. Provided the :197 module of PLC program does not contain the caption of keys, the PLC1, PLC2 ... PLC8 is set automatically.

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3.2 CHECK Screens

Clear Relative Position Actions (Clear Relpnt)

The relative coordinate displays can be zeroed by means of action keys. Relative position setting by axes is discussed in the chapter 3.4.5.

3.2.5 MESSAGES Screen

In this general displaying area the momentary messages in wait ing state can be seen. As in the 2nd field of the status bar only the active message (waiting for intervention) can be read, this general displaying area shows, whether there are any other messages at the moment apart from those seen in status bar, that due to this cannot be displayed.

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3.3 PROGRAM Screens

Screens of actions executed on part programs.

3.3.1 DIRECTORY Screen

In the top line of general displaying area the number of programs in memory and the free memory in bytes can be seen. The programs in memory are listed in the middle part. The control records the programs

according to their code; These numbers can be read in the first column. In the middle column may be the name of program (it is not obligatory to name the program, therefore this column may be here and there blank). The last column contains the program length in bytes. If above or below the last column arrows can be seen, this means, that the entire list does not have enough room in the general displaying area and in the direction of the arrow further programs can be found. On the list a highlighting bar can

be moved by means of arrow keys. This highlighting bar enables to select the program with which an action needs to be done.

Actions of DIRECTORY Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the DIRECTORY screen by means

of pressing action menu key :

New

Search2Delete3Load

Save

Run

Restore7Sort

Protect

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3.3 PROGRAM Screens

New Action: When pressing the

softkey a window opens in the bottom left part of general displaying area, where the program number can be typed in. The input can be terminated by any arrow key. In this case a new program occurs with the number entered, or an error message is displayed, if there is already a program with the same number or if there is no room in the

memory. If the program number input is terminated by the arrow pointing to the right, the name of the program can also be specified here. When typing a name, switch-over between normal and

capital letters can be done by means of page keys, while by pressing INS , and ', :, " or !

accented or special characters can be entered. Search Action: After pressing the softkey a program number can be entered into the window

in the bottom left corner of general displaying area. By terminating number input by means of any arrow key the highlighting bar goes to the registered program, or an error message is displayed, if there is no program with the entered number in the memory.

Delete Action Menu: By pressing the key another three actions occur: Ramdisc, Exec,

Cancel. By means of Ramdisc key it can be decided, whether the programs in memory

or the programs of NCT90RD unit connected to the control are to be deleted. As the effect of Exec the action is executed, while with the help of Cancel the action can be canceled; in this case the first level of the action menu is displayed.

Load Action Menu: By pressing the key the following actions appear in the menu bar: Serial,

Ramdisc, Prom, Exec and Cancel. By means of the first three switches it can be set,

from where is the program to be loaded in the control memory. As the effect of Exec the loading process starts, while with the help of Cancel the first level of action menu can be displayed.

SSave Action Menu:

By pressing the key the following actions appear: Serial, Ramdisc, Exec and Cancel. By means of the first two switches it can be set, where to is/are the selected program(s) to be saved. The saving process starts as the Exec key is affected, while the Cancel key displays the first level of action menu, this way canceling the action.

Run Action Menu: By pressing the key the following softkeys appear in the menu bar: Auto,

Manual data input, DNC and DNC NCT, Table. By means of the first softkey

(Auto) the program can be selected for automatic operation. The key is ineffective, if the control is in automatic mode and state INTD, STRT or STOP is in effect. With the help of the second action key the program of manual data input mode can be selected. The last two action keys determine the DNC mode. The DNC key switches over the control to simple DNC mode without protocol, while with the help of DNC NCT key

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3.3 PROGRAM Screens

DNC contact working on the basis of DNC protocol can be implemented. The Chart action is only effective in Edit mode. By pressing it, provided program No. T (tool pot table) or P (PLC table) is highlighted, the file containing the selected chart is loaded to the appropriate chart. See the chapter 3.6.5 “TOOL POT TABLE” and the chapter

3.6.6 “PLC TABLE”. Using key DNC FEW programs can be executed from PC

optionally integrated into the control.

Restore Action Menu: When pressing the softkey the deleted files, that are still in the control

memory and can be totally undeleted are displayed in the general displaying area. By moving the highlighting bar to the appropriate program the selected file can be reapplied with the help of Exec action.

Sort Action Menu: The sorting of programs found in directory in the - by softkeys - selected

aspect can be implemented. Within the sort action menu the following softkeys exist: Incrsg (increasing), Decrsg (decreasing). the sorting direction, as well as Selected (selected), Type, Size (byte) and Number for selecting the sorting aspect. As the effect of Exec

the action is executed.

Protected Action: As the effect of the action the protected attribute of the selected file(s) can

be switched on or off.

3.3.2 VIEW Screen

In the general displaying area the list of the program selected on DIRECTORY screen, can be seen. The number and name of the program can always be seen in the topmost line. A highlighting bar can be moved on the program, which highlights one block at a t ime. The highlighting bar can be moved by arrow and page keys. The highlighting bar has function by Block search actions. There the bar is also a means of selecting the block from which the machining is to be continued.

Actions of VIEW Screen

On the VIEW screen the following actions and action menus are at disposal, after the action

menu key is pressed:

First

Last

First Action:

gram.

Check3Block

search 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

When pressing the key the highlighting bar goes to the first block of the pro-

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3.3 PROGRAM Screens

Last Action: When pressing the key the highlighting bar goes to the last block of the program. Check Action: When pressing the key control brings the highlighting bar to the last block of

the program, meanwhile it reads the entire program and examines its check sum. This way it checks if the program in memory is damaged (the program can be damaged for example due to storage or operation in too low temperature).

Block Search Action Menu: When pressing the key the following actions occur: First, Last,

Exec, Go, Interrupted and Cancel. For description of the search actions see the chapter 13.6 “Automatic Operation Start after Block Search” on the page 117.

3.3.3 EDIT Screen

In the general displaying area the list of an editable program can be seen. The number and name of a program can always be read in the first line of the area. It is possible to write or modify the program by pressing action

menu key . Modification

of protected programs is not possible. If EDIT mode is active and no program execution is interrupted (INTD), the selected main program is displayed on Directory screen, while if execu-

tion is interrupted it is the program, in which the line under execution can be found. In case the control is not in EDIT mode, or the second window is opened, the program selected on Directory general displaying area is displayed. If execution is not in INTD state modification of running program is not permitted.

Actions of EDIT Screen

For description of EDIT screen see the chapter 4.4 “Actions of EDIT Screen” on the page

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3.3 PROGRAM Screens

3.3.4 BLOCK INPUT Screen

In the upper part of general displaying area the current position can be seen. It is possible to enter single block as well as to re-execute or to modify a block entered earlier on by pressing

action menu key . A sing-

le block is to be entered similarly to that of a program block, however in the address chain of the single block the address letters, of which the entering would be here senseless are automatically not specified. Entering single block is only possible in jog

(JOG), incremental jog (INCR), or manual handle feed (HNDL) mode, otherwise by pressing

action menu key the address chain does not even show up.

Actions of BLOCK INPUT Screen

After pressing action menu key the following actions are available to the BLOCK

INPUT screen:

Block

delete 2

Help

34567890

I Action: The key makes it possible to switch the I (incremental) operator on and off on the

current address letter. When executing a letter I shows up directly after the coordinate address.

Block Delete Action: The key serves for deleting a block in the single block buffer (that has

been written in earlier on).

Help: if the cursor stands on a G function and softkey Help is pressed, than the illustration of

the G code execution is drawn on screen.

The single block is to be terminated by key . In this case caption SBEX occurs in the 2

field of status bar. By affecting START button the single block is executed. The

execution of a single block can be interrupted by means of RESET key (even before

pressing the START button), this way the previous block can be re-edited. The block in the buffer is kept until the power is turned off.

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3.4 OFFSETS Screens

Screens of actions executed on zero point and offset registers.

3.4.1 WORK OFFSETS Screen

In the general displaying area are

offset values of G54, ..., G58,

common zero point offsets, as

well as of offsets programmed

by means of commands G52 and

G92. The coordinate values

belonging to one zero point form

a group. Along the groups the

highlighting bar can be moved

forward (in the direction of

increasing coordinate system

numbers) with the help of key

and backward with key

. Within the highlighting

bar indicating the coordinate system the inverse bar on axis addresses can be moved with keys

and . This bar makes it possible to select the wished axis within the coordinate

system.

Actions of WORK OFFSETS Screen

Actions executed on WORK

OFFSETS screen overwrite off-

set registers immediately, how-

ever this is registered by the pro-

gram under execution only in

case the program has been start-

ed from the beginning or the

program execution is interrupted

(INTD state) and afterwards re-

started. So the current

coordinate system is overwritten

in vain, the modified value will

not be registered till the modified

coordinate system is not used by

the system. It also follows, that

hasty overwrite of the coordinate system will not cause immediate problem during program execution, its effect may only be perceptible in case of the next running of program, so when overwriting it be extremely cautious. To the WORK OFFSETS screen the following actions and action menus can be

Page 35

activated by pressing action menu key :

3.4 OFFSETS Screens

Clear group 1

Clear all 2

Save

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Clear Group Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR G5x? (G5x

according to current coordinate system) appears in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

Clear All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL? Occurs in the

bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

I Action: The key enables switching of I (incremental) operator on and off on the current

address letter. During the execution letter I appears directly after the coordinate address. The value entered will be added to the original offset value.

/2 Action: It halves value written on the current address letter. After execution half of the

value in the coordinate address can be seen.

Save Action: When pressing the key the program number can be entered into the bottom data

input line. In case the input is terminated by any of the keys or , the

program can also be named there. As the effect of keys and the offset

values are saved in the appropriate macro variable. If in such way saved offset values need to be reset, the program must be selected for automatic execution and executed in automatic operation.

3.4.2 TOOL OFFSETS Screen

In the general displaying area the values of tool offsets in X, Z (optionally Y) directions as well as the tool nose radius compensation value and the imaginary tool nose number at address Q can be seen. The offset registers with identical number form a group. The real offset value is specified by the signed sum of geometry and wear values. Along the groups the highlighting bar can be moved forward (in the direction of increasing register numbers) with the help

of key , while backward

with key . Within the highlighting bar indicating a group an inverse bar can be moved by

Page 36

3.4 OFFSETS Screens

keys and . This bar selects the offset register to be modified.

Actions of TOOL OFFSETS Screen

Actions executed on TOOL OFFSETS screen overwrite offset registers instantly, however it is registered by the program under execution only if the program has been started from the beginning or the program execution is interrupted (INTD state) and restarted. So the current offset is overwritten in vain, the modified value will not be registered till the modified values are not called by the system. It also follows, that hasty overwrite of offsets during program execution will not cause an immediate problem, its effect may only be perceptible in case of the next running of the program, so when modifying be extremely cautious. The following actions and action menus can be activated to the TOOL OFFSETS screen by

pressing action menu key :

Clear all1 Clear

geomtry2

Clear wear 3

Clear group 4

Ofs No

search 7

Save

890

Clear All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL? can be read in

the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

Clear Geometry Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL

GEOMETRIES? can be seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

Clear Wear Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL WEARS? can

be seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

Clear Group Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR THIS GROUP?

can be seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

I Action:

The key enables switching of I (incremental) operator on and off on the current address letter. During the execution letter I appears directly after the coordinate address. The value entered will be added to the original offset.

/2 Action: It halves value written on the current address letter. After execution half of the

value in the coordinate address can be seen.

Offset Number Search Action:

When pressing address N occurs in bottom data input line. After the value has been entered and terminated (by any of the arrow keys) it searches for the entered offset group in the memory.

Save Action: When pressing the key an O program number can be entered into the bottom

data input line. In case the input is terminated by any of the keys or , the

program can also be named there. As the effect of keys and the offset

values are saved in the appropriate macro variable. If in such way saved offset values need to be reset, the program must be selected for automatic execution and executed in automatic operation.

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3.4 OFFSETS Screens

On the figures below the interpretation of the imaginary tool nose number (Q) can be seen.

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3.4 OFFSETS Screens

3.4.3 WORK OFFSET MEASURE Screen

In the upper part of general displaying area the current tool position can be seen. The first column always shows the machine position, the middle column the posit ion in the selected coordinate system, while the last one the distance to go position. The following information can be seen in the lower part of general displaying area going downwards. In line Nnn the length offset values of the indicated offset group can be seen for each axis. In the next line stands the number of the se-

lected coordinate system, and below its offset registers. Along the offset registers highlighting

bar can be moved by means of keys and . This highlighting bar enables to select

the offset register to be modified.

Actions of WORK OFFSET MEASURE Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the WORK OFFSET MEASURE

screen by pressing action menu key :

Work coordnt1

Work Coordinate Action Menu:

Ofs No search 2

Single

block 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

appear in the menu bar: G54

When pressing the key the eligible coordinate systems

, G55, ... G59 and Work shift. After pressing the

appropriate softkey the system returns to first level of action menu.

Offset No. Search: When pressing the key letter N appears in spite of the axis address. At this

point the number of offset the register can be entered. After entering the offset number the desired length offset register can be seen in general displaying area.

/2 Action: It halves value written on the current address letter. During execution half of the

value in the coordinate address can be seen in input field.

Single Block: By pressing the key a single block can be entered in the bottom, data input line

by the use of the alphanumeric keyboard. After closing block edit (key or )

caption SBEX appears in the 2nd field of status bar. The block is executed with START

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3.4 OFFSETS Screens

For detailed description of work offset measure see the chapter 7.2.1 “Work Offset Mea-

sure” on the page 76.

3.4.4 TOOL LENGTH OFFSET MEASURE Screen

In the upper part of general displaying area the position display can be seen. The following information can be seen in the lower part of general displaying area going downwards. In line Nnn the length offset values of the indicated offset group can be seen for each axis. In the next line stands the number of the selected coordinate system, and below its offset registers. A highlighting bar can be moved along the axis addresses of length offset register by means of

keys and .

Actions of TOOL LENGTH OFFSET MEASURE Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the TOOL LENGTH OFFSET

MEASURE screen by pressing action menu key :

Work coordnt1

Work Coordinate System Action Menu (Work cld):

Ofs No search 2

Auto meas 3

Single block 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

When pressing the key the eligible coordinate systems appear in the menu bar: G54, G55, ... G59. After pressing the appropriate softkey the system returns to first level of action menu.

Offset Number Search: When pressing the key the letter N appears in spite of the axis

address. At this point the number of the offset register can be entered. After entering the offset index the desired length offset register can be seen.

Automatic Measure: The function can only be used provided the machine is mounted with a

tool length sensor.

Single Block: By pressing the key a single block can be entered in the bottom, data input line

by the use of the alphanumeric keyboard. After closing block edit (key or )

caption SBEX appears in the 2nd field of status bar. The block is executed with START

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3.4 OFFSETS Screens

For detailed description of work offset measure see the chapter 7.2.2 “Tool Length Offset

Measure inside the Machine” on the page 79.

3.4.5 RELATIVE POSITION OFFSETS Screen

In the general displaying area below the current tool position are the values of relative position offsets. An inverse bar can be moved on axis addresses by

means of keys and .

This bar enables to select the offset register to be modified. Modification of registers does not have the slightest effect on program execution, this display is only for the operator.

Actions of RELATIVE POSITION OFFSETS Screen

The following action menu can be activated to the RELATIVE POSITION OFFSETS screen

by means of action menu key :

Clear all

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Clear All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL OFFSETS?

appear in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec

Cancel

actions in menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual.

and

Page 41

3.5 GRAPHIC POSITION Screens

In automatic operation mode the graphic position display shows the path of the imaginary tool nose. In the case of graphic position display the tool nose path stored in a buffer is drawn on the screen. As the buffer (which is a part of the control memory) is finite, it is possible, that in case of complex and long programs the entire path might not be stored.

3.5.1 GRAPHIC PARAMETERS Screen

In the general displaying area the parameters of graphic position display can be seen in two

columns. The highlighting bar can be moved between columns with

keys and , while

downwards by means of key

and upwards by means of

key .

The number entered for graphic plane sets the coordinate system (axis arrangement) of the graphic position display. One of 8 arrangements can be chosen.

Diagrams seen on SETTINGS screen show the direction of axes in each case; The axis name is drawn to the positive direction and the axis line positions correspond to their start positions on the screen.

With the help of work size the size of the rectangular solid, which contains the work must be given. The specified sizes are diametric and length values, i.e., they are positive in all cases (The work position can be influenced when selecting the graphic plane). Should the given sizes be correct (the work sizes are positive values), then the screen center and the graphic scale are calculated automatically.

The screen center is calculated from the work sizes and axis arrangement automatically, However definition of the screen center does not change sizes. The point defined as screen center will always be in the center of the screen at the start of graphic position display.

The graphic scale defines the size of drawing displayed on the screen. If the scale is 1, then 1 raster equals to 1 mm. The graphic scale is always calculated from the work size and graphic plane, when those are changed. In case of automatic scale defining the work size is taken into account enlarged by 10%, due to which a little margin appears round the drawing displayed on the screen. The drawing area can always be halved or doubled by means of page buttons up and down. Naturally in this case the diagram is re-drawn. In case of graphic position display the graphic scale occurs on the right side of the screen in form of a scale. A scale unit is 60 rasters long, thus in case the graphic scale is 1, number 60 000 displayed above indicates that the length of a scale unit is 60 mm.

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3.5 GRAPHIC POSITION Screens

In case the value of the auto erase is other than zero, when starting the automatic program execution both the drawing area and the buffer are cleared.

If the value of the path color is 0 rapid traverse is drawn with red, feed with green, while thread cutting with yellow color. If the value is not zero, the rapid traverse movements are not drawn.

In case the value of tool color is other than 0 the movements are drawn with the appropriate tool color (current T in the course of movement ). The color code is the lower three bytes of the addition of the tool number and the tool color.

If the value of auto change color is not 0 the drawing starts with the color code specified here, and afterwards every tool change (T change) adds to the color code.

Color Code

grey 0

blue 1

green 2

gentian 3

red 4

purple 5

yellow 6

white 7

Actions of GRAPHIC PARAMETERS Screen

The following action can be activated to the screen by pressing action menu button :

Recalc1Graphic

234567890

Recalculate Action: When pressing the softkey the position of screen center and the graphic

scale are recalculated from the work size according to the selected plane.

Graphic Action Menu:

G40

, G53, Dotted. Using Auto Erase the item with the same title in graphic parame-

After pushing the softkey the following actions appear: Auto Erase,

ters table can be set or reset. Its effect detailed above. The softkey G40 can only be used in case of running in TEST mode. In its switched-on state the drawing appears on the screen without tool radius compensation. In the pushed in state of button G53 drawing is done in machine coordinate system instead of the actual work coordinate system, that is if more coordinate systems are used in the same program the tool path can be seen separetely. In the pushed in state of button Dotted the separate points are not connected together with lines. It is useful when the program consists of small minute lines.

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3.5 GRAPHIC POSITION Screens

3.5.2 DRAW Screen

In the drawing area in the middle

of screen the current tool center is

shown by a cross. The following

information can be read in the top

right corner of the screen: Current

feed, spindle revolution and the

number of the current tool. Fur-

ther on in the column the position

display of axes can be seen as se-

lected on the POSITION DIS-

PLAYS screen. (see the chapter

on the page 22). In the bottom

3.1

right corner the scale, below it the

diagram symbolizing the position

of the coordinate system are

shown.

In case of automatic execution the cross indicates the current tool position. A dot is also put to the center of the cross. The drawing depends on the speed of movement; as the points are drawn only a few times per second, in case of fast movement the drawn tool path will be not a continuous line, but a dotted one.

L Note: the size of the cross is defined by parameter 0561 CROSS DOT. The value entered

at the parameter specifies the length of the leg of the cross in raster. The value cannot be greater than 7.

Actions of DRAW Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the draw screen by pressing action

menu button :

Erase

Erase Action Menu:

Move

Zoom3Graphic4Refresh5Window

67890

When pressing the softkey actions Image and Buffer appear in the menu bar. As the effect of Image action the tool path that has been drawn till now is erased from the screen. Buffer action erases the drawing not only from the screen but also eliminates the movement data stored in the buffer.

Move Action Menu: The softkey is always highlighted. If the drawing is to be moved in the

plane of the screen use the appropriate cursor keys. When pressing the softkey Move four arrows appear on softkeys for each movement direction. The arrows indicate the directions in which the drawing can be moved the same way as with the cursor buttons.

Zoom Action Menu: The drawing always can be zoomed by the paging keys: , .

When pressing the softkey Zoom actions appear for zooming up and down. The actions refer to the page keys in the bottom left corner of the softkeys: Up (PgUp),

Page 44

3.5 GRAPHIC POSITION Screens

Down (PgDn). By means of softkeys, as well as the page keys the drawing area can be halved or doubled. As the effect of Full Sceen action the centre of the screen automatically adjusted to the middle of the tool path and scaling is set that the tool path covers the whole screen.

Graphic Action Menu: After pushing the softkey the following actions appear: Auto Erase,

G40, G53, Dotted. Using Auto Erase the item with the same title in graphic parame-

Refresh action: The operation clears the screen and draws the tool path again. Window Action menu: After using this key a frame appears on the screen. This frame can be

shrinked onto a detail of tool path with function keys appearing on soft keys or cursor and paging keys the way as they are used in Move and Zoom operations. After paging out of this action group the detail assigned by the frame is drawn onto the screen.

Page 45

3.6 SETTING Screens

The following screens can be found in this menu; LOCAL MACRO VARIABLES #1–#33, COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #100–#199 and #500–#599, TIMER and COUNTER, TOOL POSITION TABLE, PLC TABLE, TOOL WEAR TABLE, USER’S PARAMETERS and SECURITY SETTINGS. Contents of variables, timers, counters and tables are preserved upon power-off.

3.6.1 Screen of LOCAL MACRO VARIABLES #1–#33

In the general displaying area the local macro variables and their values can be seen. In the five columns the main program and variables of the four possible macro levels are listed. A highlighting bar can be moved along the variables by means of

arrow keys and ,

while with the help of arrows

and the columns

can be switched over. Only those variables can be

edited, of which the macro level is already open. At first only level 0 can be edited, but in case a macro call occurred during program execution, this enables the editing of a further level. Till a macro level is not open, editing is unnecessary, for values are given to the variables suitable for the address chain in time of macro call, while the others are vacated.

Actions of LOCAL MACRO VARIABLES #1–#33 Screen

No action menu can be activated to this screen, by pressing action menu key a blank

action menu is displayed. It is possible to give value directly to the macro variable by entering a number. If a vacant value is to be specified, #0 must be entered. Values can be specified indirectly to the macro variables. This means, that in spite of giving a value, the variable containing the value must be entered. This way only variables #1–#33, #100–#199 and #500–#599 can be specified. The local variables represent the values of the current level.

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3.6 SETTING Screens

3.6.2 Screen of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #100–#199

In the general displaying area common macro variables #100–#199 and their values can be seen. Variables #120–#199 are vacated upon power-off and when resetting automatic mode (RESET) Variables #100–#119 are also vacated in case of value 1 of parameter CLCV, otherwise their values are preserved. A highlighting bar can be moved along the macro variables by means of arrow keys up and down. This highlighting bar shows the variables to be edited.

A new value can be given to the variables in the bottom line. By terminating data input the new value is written in the variable. Values can also be given to macro variables indirectly; By entering the code of another macro variable (e.g.: #540) it registers the value of that variable. By entering #0 the macro variable is vacated.

Actions of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #100–#199 Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the screen of COMMON MACRO

VARIABLES #100–#199 by pressing action menu key :

Vacant all 1

Vacant All Action Menu:

Zero all 2

Exp

34567890

When pressing the key the question CLEAR VACANT ALL? can be seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions n the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect all macro variables are vacated (#0).

Zero All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question ZERO ALL? can be seen in the

bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect all macro variables are zeroed (0).

Exp Action: When pressing the key the exponent of the variable can be entered.

Page 47

3.6 SETTING Screens

3.6.3 Screen of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #500–#599

In the general displaying area common macro variables #500–#599 and their values can be seen. These variables are not vacated upon power-off or when restoring automatic mode (RESET), on the other hand by switching to parameters, when saving parameters they are saved to the external device, and when loading parameters the original values are overwritten. A highlighting bar can be moved along the macro variables by means of arrow keys up and

down. This highlighting bar shows the variables to be edited. A new value can be given to the variable in the bottom line of general displaying area. By terminating data input the new value is written in the variable. Values can also be given to macro variables indirectly; By entering the code of another macro variable (e.g.: #124) it registers the value of that variable. By entering #0 the macro variable is vacated.

Actions of COMMON MACRO VARIABLES #500–#599 Screen

The following actions and action menus can be activated to the screen of COMMON MACRO

VARIABLES #500–#599 by pressing action menu key :

Vacant all 1

Vacant All Action Menu:

Zero all 2

Exp

34567890

When pressing the key the question CLEAR VACANT ALL? can be seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions in the menu bars, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect all macro variables are vacated (#0).

Zero All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question ZERO ALL? can be seen in the

bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions n the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect all macro variables are zeroed (0).

Exp Action: When pressing the key the exponent of the variable can be entered.

Page 48

3.6 SETTING Screens

3.6.4 TIMER AND COUNTER Screen

In the general displaying area the different timers and counters can be seen. The highlighting bar can be moved to the timer or counter to be modified by means of arrow keys. Apart from the operating time the values are free to overwrite.

Actions of TIMER AND COUNTER Screen

No action can be activated to this screen, a blank action menu is displayed by pressing action

menu key , however the

values of timers and counters can be overwritten only in this state.

3.6.5 TOOL POT TABLE Screen

In the general displaying area the tool pot table can be seen. The values of the table are preserved upon power-off. In case not a local coded tool handle, but a random access magazine handle is to be used, a tool pot table is needed, in which the pot number of the magazine and number of the tool found in it can be selected.

Note

Local coded tool handle means,

that reference to the tool is made at address T by the pot

number of the magazine, in which the desired tool can be found. If tool reference is not local coded, a table is needed, which shows, which tool number can be found in which pot of the magazine. Random access magazine handle means, that the position of tools in the magazine is not fixed. The returning tool (taken from the spindle) is not taken back into the position it was taken out, but into the nearest vacant position in magazine, in the simplest case in place of the selected (new) tool.

Page 49

3.6 SETTING Screens

The length of the tool pot table can be set in parameter MAGAZINE No. 0061. In parameter MAGAZINE the number of tool pots in the magazine is to be entered. Line 0 of table shows the code of the tool in spindle, i.e., the spindle is pot No. 0. In the first column of the table the number of tool position or pot, in the second column the under address T the number of the tool in pot, while in the third one under address L the width code of the tool can be found.

Usage of width code In case of fix access magazine handle, i.e., the tool taken out is taken back into from where it was taken, the tool width, i.e., how many pots are being occupied is of no interest. In case of a random access magazine handle position may also have to be ensured for tools, that are more-than-one tool pot wide. Therefore tool positions, in which extra wide tools can be placed, should have to be selected. This is why a width code must be given to each tool in the tool pot table. This is needed, for in case of a random access magazine handle the returning tool can be taken to the place of the selected one, should the two tools have the same width code. If however the width of the two tools differ, the returning tool cannot be taken back in place of the selected one. In this case the - to the replacement - nearest vacant position, of which the width equals to that of the returning tool must be searched for. The following width codes can be entered to the table (under address L):

1 (normal size),

3, 5 or 7. The tool that has a width of 3 occupies both to the left and to the right 1-1, that of the width of 5 occupies 2-2, while that of the width of 7 reserves 3-3 positions in the magazine. This way special pots can be selected in the magazine, into which the extra wide tools are placed. In case of extra wide tools to the pot number, into which the tool is taken also the tool number and the tool width code must be entered. As for the 1, 2 or 3 pot numbers before and after it, to the tool number 0, while to the width the appropriate width code is to be entered. If a tool is taken from the magazine to the spindle in line 0 the tool number and the tool width also has to be entered, and the tool number is to be deleted in the line, from which the tool was taken. However the width code must be preserved in the table, for to show the returning tool, that the pots are reserved for extra wide tools. For more information on handling the tool pot table turn to the machine tool builder.

Actions of TOOL POT TABLE Screen

The following actions are activated by pressing action menu key :

Clear all 1

Clear line 2

Save

34567890

Clear All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL? can be seen in

the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec

in the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec

and Cancel actions

in effect the entire table

is cleared. Clear Line Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR THIS LINE? can be

seen in the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel

Page 50

3.6 SETTING Screens

actions in the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect the selected line is cleared.

Save Action: When pressing the key the program number can be entered into the bottom data

input line. In case the input is terminated by any of the keys or , the

program can also be named there. As the effect of keys and values are

saved in the appropriate macro variable. It is registered in the directory not under program number O, but under address T. Restoring values of the table is discussed in the chapter 3.3.1 on the page 30 “DIRECTORY Screen” Run act ion menu Table action.

3.6.6 PLC TABLE Screen

In the general displaying area the PLC table can be seen. Its length is specified in parameter 0062 PLC_TAB. The table can be optionally used by the machine tool builder. The contents of the table are preserved upon power-off. The highlighting bar can be moved along the items of table

by means of arrow keys

and .

The items of the table can be overwritten.

For information on usage of the table turn to the machine tool builder.

Actions of PLC TABLE Screen

The following actions can be activated by pressing action menu key :

Clear all 1

Save

234567890

Clear All Action Menu: When pressing the key the question CLEAR ALL? can be seen in

the bottom left part of general displaying area, together with Exec and Cancel actions n the menu bar, the meaning of which is the usual. With Exec in effect the entire table is cleared..

Save Action: When pressing the key the program number can be entered into the bottom data

input line. In case the input is terminated by any of the keys or the

Page 51

program can also be named there. As the effect of keys and values are

saved in the appropriate macro variable. It is registered in the directory not under

program number O, but under address T. Restoring values of the table is discussed in

the chapter 3.3.1 on the page 30 “DIRECTORY Screen” Run action menu Table

action.

3.6.7 USER’S PARAMETERS Screen (User’s Params)

area.

3.6 SETTING Screens

In the general displaying area a restricted part - that can also be set by the user - of the parameters can be seen. The highlighting bar can be moved along the groups seen in general displaying area by means of arrow keys up and down. The selected group can be opened with the help of arrow key right, while with arrow key left the previous level can be displayed. If the highlighting bar stands on a parameter, a new value can be given to the parameter in the bottom line of general displaying

Actions of USER’S PARAMETERS Screen

No action menu can be activated to this screen, a blank action menu is displayed by pressing

action menu key , however the values of parameters can be changed only in this state.

Editing of parameters is only permitted in EDIT mode.

Page 52

3.6 SETTING Screens

3.6.8 SECURITY PANEL Screen

The control provides wide-range data security service. The picture shows the SECURITY PANEL screen. When the general security gate is open the other security gates have no significant role, thus all actions listed on the screen can be executed even if the symbol . is displayed beside the action.

If however the general security gate is locked, i.e., the symbol is seen beside the caption the ac-

tions, beside the name of which lock symbol . is displayed, cannot be executed. If e.g. pa-

rameters are to be edited and this action is locked display . in the 7th field of status bar warns

us t hat this action is closed in case action menu button is pressed on parameters screen.

The general security gate, the DNC channel, the parameters, the PLC program and the service operations have

generated code, or PLC key,

that means that in case of opening, either as an answer to the digits displayed by the control another number generated from those digits must be given, or the security gate can be opened in the open (enable) state of the key switch mounted on the machine. The other functions have

fix code, or PLC key,

that means that these functions are opened either with a code given in the below table or in the open (enable) state of the key switch mounted on the machine.

Page 53

The below table contains the codes of the appropriate functions:

Function Code Function Code

3.6 SETTING Screens

General Security Gate

work offsets

relative position

tool offsets

tool pot table

tool life table

timers and counters

PLC table

#100 macro variables

#500 macro variables

run in auto menu

run in MDI menu

Generated

15962

7895123

15962

95148

456852

357159

open new program

delete program

edit program

load program

save program

protect program

DNC channel

user’s parameters

parameters

PLC program

service operations

95148

7895123

Generated

7895123

Generated

Symbol = (cursor) can be moved to the desired data security service within a column by means

of buttons and . If columns are to be switched use buttons , .

If action menu button is pressed the following actions are offered:

Open1Close

234567890

Open action: If a locked function is to be opened and security key is at disposal move symbol

= (cursor) to the function. Turn the data security key to enable position on the machine

than press Open

button.

If no data security key is on the machine move symbol = to the function to be enabled

than press Open button.

In this case, provided the function to be opened has fix code, message

Code: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

appears in the bottom line. After entering the appropriate fix code taken from the above

table the data input can be closed with the help of button and the function is

enabled.

If the function has generated code, the following message is displayed in the bottom

line:

nnnnnnnn code: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

where nnn is an eight-digit number. Start Decoder program on PC and enter the digits

seen on control screen. The key code (a 5 digit number) generated by Decoder

program must be entered from numeric keyboard to control. After the appropriate code

Page 54

3.6 SETTING Screens

is entered the data input can be closed by means of button and the function is

enabled.

Close action: If a function is to be locked move symbol = (cursor) to the function. Press Close

button. The selected function is locked independent of the state of the general security gate.

Page 55

4 Editing part programs

4 Editing Part Programs

4.1 Structure of Part Program

The part program is made up of blocks. A block consists of words.

Word: Address and Data

A word is formed by two components: Address and data (e.g., X127.064 or Z#103). The address may comprise one or more characters (X, Z in the example), while the data may be: SQ a number that may have integer and decimal number as well (127.064 in the example) SQ expression (#103 in the example) that may contain arithmetic or logic operations on

variables and numbers. Some addresses may be given a sign or operator I, independent of the data being number or expression. Words can be separated by means of space key for the sake of lucidity, although its use is not obligatory. Should a word (a string between two spaces) exceed the length of the given line while typing the editor displays the whole word in a new line.

Block

A block consists of words. The blocks in memory are separated by character s (Line Feed).

During program editing termination of a block is performed by pressing <ENTER> key

due to which line feed occurs and at the same time character s is adjusted to the end of the terminated block automatically. As the effect of the key the cursor goes to the beginning of next line. The start of a new block (character s) is indicated by character > in the first column of screen. In case the block does not have enough room in a line the first column of the following line is left empty and the first character is put in the second column. Block number can be written at the beginning of blocks at address N. The application of block numbers in blocks is not compulsory. Block numbering can be automatized. If value of parameter 0567 N STEP is other than 0, the block number is increased by the value given at the parameter for each push of the <ENTER>

key and this is automatically inserted to the beginning of the new block at address N. If

for example the value of parameter is 10 the block numbers are increased by ten: N10, N20, N30, ... Comments starting by character "(" and ending by character ")" can also be written in the blocks.

Program number and program name The program number and program name are used to identify the program. Usage of program number is mandatory, that of a program name is not. The program number is the exclusive identifier of the program in the directory, while the program name plays only informatory roles. The address of program number: O. The address must always be followed by 4 digits, i.e., the leading zeros must also be filled in. The program name is an arbitrary string between opening and closing brackets "(" and ")". The program number and the program name are separated from the rest of program blocks in memory by character s.

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4 Editing part programs

Beginning and end of program

The program begins and ends with character %. As a new program is loaded with the help of NEW action on DIRECTORY screen string

%Onnnns%

is formed automatically.

In the course of editing a part program on the CNC the opening and closing % characters and the program number (Onnnn) do not appear in the program list and edit field therefore they can not be altered.

If one edits a part program on an external device e.g., on a PC the opening and closing % characters and the program number (Onnnn) must be typed in.

Program format in memory

The program in memory is a set of ASCII characters. Its format is:

%O1234(PROGRAM’S NAME)s/1 N12345 G1 X0 Y...sG2 Z5....s.....s.....sG0

G40...M 2% In the above string:

s represents Line Feed character,

% stands for the beginning and end of program.

Program format in case of communicating with an external device.

The above program format is applicable also in case of communicating with an external device.

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4 Editing part programs

4.2 Division of EDIT Screen during Editing

19 lines are kept for editing in the middle of screen. The division of these is as follows:

Lines ranging from No. 1 to No. 16: program list and edit field. In the first column only character > representing a new block, i.e., code s may appear. The first character of the block occurs in the second column. Otherwise if a new line must be opened on screen for the block does not have enough room in one line, the first column remains empty. The text runs from the 2nd column to the 80th column and in case there are more than 79 characters in one line the text goes on in the next line. If the last character of the word is over the 79th column the whole word occurs in the following line starting from the 2nd column.

Line No. 17 is empty.

Line No. 18 is a status bar. Texts written here are highlighted. The structure of the line is as follows:

* message * window1 * window2 * line number * operation mode *

message: error messages are displayed here. Window1: the number of program (Onnnn) edited is shown here as well as its name of which is displayed as much as possible. In case two windows are applied the number and name of the opened program in the upper window are displayed. Window2: the number of program (Onnnn) being in the second, lower window is shown here as well as its name.

Line number: number of logic lines (blocks, characters s). Operation mode: INSERT or OVERWRITE.

The program number of the active window is highlighted.

Line No. 19.: editor error message and data input line. This is the field for the display of error messages sent by the editor and for data input in the course of different actions (e.g., search).

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4 Editing part programs

4.3 Basic Editing Functions: Typing, Cursor Moving, Delete, Insert, Select

The editing gets started as the effect of action menu key .

Basic editing functions are implemented with the help of the fo llowing keys: – characters: <A>, <B>, ... <Z>. By their use capital letters can be typed in.

– Shift button: . In case the key is kept pressed down and another key is pushed

meanwhile, the second character indicated on the key is entered. Should letter keys be pushed and no secondary character shown on it, small letters are typed

– digit keys: <0>, <1>, ...<9>

– space:

– decimal point:

– minus character <–> (does not switch sign during program editing):

– move cursor up, down: ,

– move cursor right, left: ,

– new line (s): (Enter)

– go backwards and delete: (Backspace)

– delete: (DEL)

– insert: (INS)

– page up: (PgUp)

– page down: (PgDn)

Typing

Characters, signs and the space can be entered uninterruptedly by pressing down the appropriate key or keys. The place of input is where the cursor points at.

Word wrap

Should a word (a string between two spaces) exceed the length of the given line while typing the editor displays the whole word in a new line.

New block

During program editing termination of a block is performed by pressing <ENTER> key

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4 Editing part programs

If value of parameter 0567 N STEP is other than 0, the block number is increased by the value

given at the parameter for each push of the <ENTER> key and this is automatically

inserted to the beginning of the new block at address N. If for example the value of parameter is 10 the block numbers are increased by ten: N10, N20, N30, ...

Moving the cursor

As the effect of right key the cursor goes to the next character. Should the line (last

character or space) on the screen end earlier than the right verge of screen, the cursor goes to the first character of the following line, if there is. If the text ends there the cursor stands still.

As the effect of left key the cursor goes to the previous character. Should it be on the

left verge of the screen, the cursor goes to the finishing character of the previous line, independent of where the previous line ends. If the text starts there the cursor stands still.

As the effect of down key the cursor goes to the following line. Should there neither be

character nor space in that column of the next line it goes to the last character of the line. If there is no text in the succeeding line what so ever the cursor stands still.

As the effect of up key the cursor goes to the previous line. Should there neither be

character nor space in that column of the last line it goes to the last value character of the line. If there is no text in the previous line what so ever the cursor stands still.

As the effect of the page down key the cursor goes to the following page, so that a

whole block is seen on the bottom of screen and it appears after the last character of the block. .

As the effect of the page up key the cursor goes to the previous page so that the first

line of the screen always shows the beginning of a block (code s) and it appears on the first character. In case no more paging can be done, it goes to the first character of the text.

Delete

When pressing key <DEL> the character on which the cursor stands is deleted, while

the characters behind step forward. If due to this, the word in the next line has now enough room in this line, it also steps forward. In case a space separating two words is deleted, the word drawn together is written in one. Should the space be at the end of a line, i.e., the two words be in other lines (and the block not finished yet, i.e., the following character not being s) the word is written in one and occurs together with the cursor in the succeeding line. If characters are deleted from a word at the beginning of the line and the shortened word can already be displayed in the previous line the word together with the cursor occurs there. If when pressing delete key the cursor stands after the last character of a logic line (block) linefeed character s is deleted and the two blocks are drawn together.

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4 Editing part programs

As the effect of backspace key the character before the cursor is deleted and the

characters behind step forward. Regarding logic lines (blocks) the same rearrangements are in

force as those referring to delete key .

Insert

When opening, the editor accepts insert mode indicated by caption INSERT on the right side

of the 18th line of screen.. After pressing key <INS> the caption and the mode change to

OVERWRITE. Afterwards by pressing key repeatedly the state changes to its reverse.

In insert state the new character is written in the position preceding the cursor. Regarding the new word formed due to the insert the same rearrangements (word wrap) are in force as those referring to deleting.

Select

Selection is implemented by the simultaneous pressing of key <SHIFT> and cursor

moving keys , , , . The selected text is shifted

one character right by means of keys and ,

one character left by means of keys and ,

one line down by means of keys and ,

one line up by means of keys and .

Selection is deleted with the help of cursor moving keys of the contrary direction.

Deleting the selected text

The selected text is deleted by means of key del .

Value range test

The editor does not make any sort of value range or other syntactic test.

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4 Editing part programs

4.4 Editor Action Menu

The following actions as well as action groups are available for edit ing, when action menu key

is pressed:

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

Help

4.5 File Actions: Save, Save as

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

Help

The following actions are accessible by selecting File action group F1.

Save

123

Save

as... 5 6 7 8 9 0

Save Action: The edited program is saved while exiting from EDIT screen (by the use of key

) as well as periodically in the course of editing. This action must be applied when

for the sake of security an important part of the program is to be saved. Save as Action: In case a program is to be saved with another number in the bottom data

input line message

FILE NAME: Onnnn_

appears when pressing the key. Program number O can be overwritten and the action

can be terminated by means of key <ENTER> . Should the program with the

entered number be an already existing one in the memory, message

FILE NAME: Onnnn_ EXISTING FILE. OVERWRITE? Y/N is displayed. By pressing key <Y> the program is overwritten, while with key <N> another program number may be given.

4.6 Edit Actions: Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, Find and Replace

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

Help

The following actions are accessible by selecting Edit action group F2.

Undo

Cut

Copy

Paste

Select all 5

Find/ replac 6

Find next 7

Find previ 8

Replace

Undo Action: In case an action whether it is typing or deleting is executed within a block, by

the use of this key the previous state can be restored. If the result of editing can be undone, the caption of the key is light, otherwise it is dark. The deleting can be undone as far as character s closing the block is not deleted.

Cut Action: By pressing the key the block selected earlier on is deleted from the text and put

to the clipboard.

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4 Editing part programs

Copy Action: By pressing the key the text selected earlier on is put to the clipboard and the

original text remains at its position.

Paste Action: By pressing the key the content of the clipboard is inserted starting from the

position next to the cursor. In case the clipboard is empty, the caption of the key is dark, otherwise it is light.

Select All Action: By pressing the key the entire program is selected. Find/Replace Action: By pressing the key it remains pressed down. Captions

FIND: <empty> REPLACE: <empty> appear in the bottom data input line. Afterwards the text to be searched for can be typed in the field after caption FIND. In case the text typed in is to be changed to another one the cursor goes to the field next to caption REPLACE on the right side of

the screen as the effect of key <ENTER> where the desired text can be written

in. By the repeated pressing of key <ENTER> the cursor swings between

captions FIND and REPLACE, therefore each text may be modified additionally. The maximum length of the text to be found or replaced is 30 characters. In case a text is selected before pressing Find/Replace key the selected text is displayed automatically after caption FIND. By a repeated push the Find/Replace key is unpressed and the cursor goes back to its original position in the selected text. By the repeated pressing of Find/Replace key the text written in earlier on is restored in the bottom data input line after captions FIND and REPLACE.

Find Next Action: In the pressed-down state of Find/Replace key as the effect of Find Next

key search for the text given in FIND field is executed forwards from the position in which the cursor stood before the pressing of Find/Replace key. The found string can be seen in inverse mode in accordance with the selection. After the unpressing of Find/Replace key the cursor glitters in the first character position of the found text and the selection disappears. Should the string be not found the caption NOT EXISTING is displayed in the message field. The message is cleared by the repeated press of

Find/Replace key, Find Previous key or the Cancel key as well as Find Next

key provided the text in FIND field is in the meantime changed and found.

Find Previous Action: In the pressed-down state of Find/Replace key as the effect of Find

Previous key search for the text given in FIND field is executed backwards from the

position in which the cursor stood before the pressing of Find/Replace key. The found string can be seen in inverse mode in accordance with the selection. After the unpressing of Find/Replace key the cursor glitters in the first character position of the found text and the selection disappears. Should the string be not found the caption NOT EXISTING is displayed in the message field in the 18th line. The message is cleared by the repeated pressing of Find/Replace key, Find Next key or Cancel key

as well as Find Previous key provided the text in FIND field is in the meantime

changed and found.

Replace Action: After a successful search for the next or last string in the pressed-down state

of Find/Replace key, when the found text is inversed Replace key may be pressed. In this case the string after the caption REPLACE is inserted in the text in place of the

Page 63

found string. If no text is given after the caption REPLACE, Replace action is equivalent to the deleting of the found text. Undo action can also be applied after

Replace action.

4.7 Insert Actions

4 Editing part programs

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

The following actions are accessible by selecting action groups F3, ..., F6:

Insert Miscellaneous Action Group:

Number1Date/time2WHILE3DO

END5BPRNT6DPRNT7POPEN8PCLOS9SETV

Insert Condition Action Group:

LE <= 3

EQ =4

NE != 5

GE >= 6

GOTO8THEN

Insert Operation Action Group:

ABS

BIN

BCD

FIX

FUP

NOT

XOR8AND9MOD

Insert Function Action Group:

Help

SIN

COS

TAN

EXP

ASIN5ACOS6ATAN7LN

SQRT

Number Action: The line number seen in the status line is multiplied by the value of parameter

0567 N STEP and the block number (Nnnnnn) resulted is inserted after the position indicated by the cursor.

Date/Time Action: By pressing the key the date and time are inserted in the text as seen in the

top right corner of the screen. By selecting further actions of the four action groups executing insertion, the string corresponding to the caption of the key is inserted in the text.

4.8 Actions of Window

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

Help

Window Action: By pressing the key it remains pressed down and the edit field of the screen

is divided horizontally into two windows. In both windows the program selected for

editing can be seen, making thereby possible the editing of two different parts of the

same program. In case another program is to be presented in a window the edit ing

must be exited and the program to be loaded must be selected on the DIRECTORY

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4 Editing part programs

screen. By returning to the EDIT screen the other program can be seen in the window active when exiting. The active window as well as the program numbers shown in the windows are indicated in the 18th status line. The cursor is seen in the active window, and this is also the place where editing actions may be executed. By a repeated push the Window key is unpressed, the screen is switched back to single window form and the program, the window of which was active at the time of the pressing of Window key, can be continued to be edited.

Change Window Action: Applied when two windows are present at a time. As its effect the

cursor goes to the other window. Henceforward the other window is active and editing actions can be realized there.

4.9 Help

File

Edit

Insert

misc 3

Insert cond 4

Insert operat 5

Insert funct 6

Window7Change

wind 8

Help

Help Action: The pressing of the key is only effective if the cursor is moved to the letter G of

a G code (e.g., G02) or if previously a G code interpretable by the help function is selected in the text by means of shift and cursor moving keys, i.e., according to the rules of selection. The key remains pressed down. By the repeated push of the key the help is closed.

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5 Switching Over Operation Modes

With the help of the data input keyboard the state of operation modes, switches, etc., displayed on the OPERATOR’S PANEL screen can be changed by means of softkeys after action menu key has been pressed. The above switches are available not only on the OPERATOR’S PANEL screen, but also on POSITION screens. These are discussed in details in the chapters of the appropriate screen. When switching over an operation mode, at first one of the below screens (functions) must be selected: OPERATOR’S PANEL, or POSITION. Afterwards by pressing the ac-

tion menu key

MODES action menu needs to be selected. In this case the captions of different operation modes appear on the menu bar. The desired operation mode can be displayed by pressing the appropriate softkey. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the operating modes can be selected directly from the pushbuttons.

LNote:

In the different computers the operation mode selection can function contrary to the abovementioned process. For example operation mode selector switches can be equipped to the machine and the operation modes can be switched over directly by the use of these. It is possible, that in this case operation modes cannot be selected by means of softkeys at all. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

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6.1 Manual Reference Point Return Mode

6 Manual Operation Modes

The manual operation modes are as follows:

Manual reference point return Manual handle feed Incremental jog Jog

6.1 Manual Reference Point Return Mode

Reference point can be returned only upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in the rightmost field (general NC state) of status bar. If one of the axes has not been returned to the reference point, in case of that axis no absolute positioning (G90) can be programmed. The parametric overtravel also functions only after the reference point return. The reference point return mode is indicated by caption REF in the 2 field of the status bar. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the reference point return mode

can be switched on by pressing the button.

Axis Selection

After selecting the operation mode by pressing and holding down the appropriate axis’s button returning to the reference point on the selected axis is beginning. If the axis direction button is not held down any longer the movement stops, if it is pressed again the process is continued. More axes’ jog buttons can be pressed at a time, therefore return to reference point can be made simultaneously on several axes.

On the selected axis the direction of movement depends on the parameter and independent of whether key of direction + or key of direction ! is being pressed. Generally on the control panels +X, !X, +Z, !Z are equipped. This way the movement on axes X, Z can be directly started.

If the ABSOLUTE POSITION screen is used during reference point return, on the axes, on which return to reference point has already occurred, symbol

%is

displayed beside the position, while on the ones, on which no return to reference point

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6.1 Manual Reference Point Return Mode

happened yet, symbol !! can be seen beside the position. In case the reference point has been returned on all axes REF, i.e., the caption indicating lack of reference position is cleared from the general NC state field.

LNote:

By different machine tools return to the reference point may function contrary to the abovementioned process. It is common, that after displaying the operation mode and pressing START button the jog buttons are to be held down for a short time, after that the process goes on automatically. In this case the process can be stopped by pressing STOP button. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

Types of Reference Point Return

There may be four types of reference point return. The types are determined by the machine tool builder axis by axis in different parameters, in function of the adapted path measuring system.

1. Reference point setting by return to switch, then standing on zero-pulse The selected axis runs to the reference point switch at high speed, then stops. It comes off the switch at low speed either in the direction of the running on or in the opposite one, and searches for the first zero-pulse, and registers this position reference point.

2. Reference point return with distance coded measuring system The selected axis searches for two neighboring zero-pulses at low speed. It detects the absolute position of the axis by measuring the distance between the two zero-pulses.

3. Reference point return on grid The selected axis searches for the zero-pulse at low speed and registers it as reference point.

4. Floating reference point By pressing the appropriate jog button no movement is made, but the momentary position of the slide is registered as reference point.

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6.2 Jog Mode

Jogging can only be done upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in the rightmost field (general NC state) of status bar. After selecting the operation mode in the 2nd field of status bar caption JOG appears. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the jog mode can be switched on

by pressing the button.

Axis Selection

The movement on axes X, Z can be directly started by pressing and

holding down the appropriate jog button.

More axes’ jog buttons can be pressed at a time, therefore more axes

can be jogged simultaneously.

In case only jog buttons are held down the appropriate axis is jogged

at feedrate. If together with the jog buttons the rapid traverse key

is pressed, the selected axes move at rapid traverse rate.

Feedrate Selection

Rate of feed jogging: – the modal value F, if the value of parameter 1372 JOGFEED is 0. – If the value of parameter 1372

JOGFEED is 1 the rate of jogging is independent of the modal value F. In this case the rate is taken into account on the basis of the state of feedrate override switch in accordance with the table beside.

In this case the valid feedrate values can be seen in the 5

(interpolator) field of status bar.

%G21

mm/min

0000

1 2 0.08 0.4

2 3.2 0.12 0.64

55 0.2 1

10 7.9 0.3 1.58

20 12.6 0.5 2.52

30 20 0.8 4.0

40 32 1.2 6.4

50 50 2 10

60 79 3 15.8

70 126 5 25.2

80 200 8 40

90 320 12 64

100 500 20 100

110 790 30 158

120 1260 50 252

G20

in/min

rotating axis

°/min

The rate of rapid traverse jogging is at parameters axis by axis fixed value. Generally the rate differs from (less than) that of G00 rapid traverse rate positioning (by the way it is also fixed at parameters axis by axis).

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6.2 Jog Mode

Note: The above discussed cases are the basic cases of jog mode. By different machines functions contrary to these may be created by the machine tool builder. It is common, for example, if pressing of a jog button is followed by the pressing of the START button, than the jog button is not to be held down any longer. This way the movement on the selected axis is carried on until the STOP button is pressed. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

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6.3 Incremental Jog Mode

Incremental jogging can only be done upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in t he rightmost field (general NC state) of status bar. After selecting the operation mode in the 2nd field of status bar caption INCR appears. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the incremental jog mode can be

switched on by pressing the button.

Increment Selection

After selecting the operation mode an increment size must be selected. This can be done on the OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screen. After pressing the F3 action menu key INCREMENT, the desired increment size can be selected with the help of softkeys. The selected increment size can be seen in the 5th (interpolator) field of status bar. The increment size means the number of increments the selected axis moves by pressing the axis direction button once.

If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the increment size can also be

selected directly by buttons , , , .

The increment size stepped by the control (1, 10, 100, 1000 increments) is always interpreted in the output system of the machine (metric or inch). The output increment system is determined by the measuring system adapted to the machine. If, for example, in case of a machine of metric system (the output increment system is metric), the resolution is 0.001mm, the control is set to G20 (inch input programming) state and 1000 increment size is selected, on the position display of distance to go 0.0394 will be displayed as distance, which is 1 mm increment size in inch. If data input and position display is done in diameter on axis X, the selected incremental step will be done in diameter too.

Axis Selection

After setting the increment size by pressing axis jog buttons the step is started on the selected axis and in the selected direction.

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6.3 Incremental Jog Mode

Warning! If in case of greater increment sizes the jog button is left hold for a short time, the movement stops and the desired distance is not stepped by the control, this way preventing it from possible collisions!

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6.4 Manual Handle Mode

Moving by the use of manual handle can only be done upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in the rightmost field (general NC stat e) of status bar. After selecting the operation mode in the 2nd field of status bar caption HNDL appears. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the manual handle mode can be

switched on by pressing the button.

Increment Selection

After selecting the operation mode an increment size must be selected. The selection and interpretation of increment size correspond to the ones discussed in the case of incremental jog mode. The increment size in manual handle mode shows the number of increments the slide moves by rotating the manual handle one unit of division.

Axis Selection

The axis to be moved by the manual handle can be selected on the OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION CHECK screen. After pressing the action menu key F2 AXES than the axis to be moved can be selected by means of softkeys.

If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the axis can also be selected by the jog buttons X, Z. In this case after selecting the appropriate axis the lamps of both directions (e.g., +X and –X) are alight.

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6.4 Manual Handle Mode

Speed

In case of moving by the use of the manual handle the speed of the axis depends upon the selected increment size and upon the speed of the rotation of the handle. The movement is started by acceleration and finished by deceleration. The pulse number rotated is always executed, if parameter 1373 HNDLFEED is 0 therefore, if the selected axis cannot follow the pulses coming from the manual handle those are buffered and are moved after the rotation has been stopped. Adjust parameter 1373 HNDLFEED=1 to avoid such undesired pulse buffering. In this case the division on the handle may differ from the movement actually done.

Note: The above discussed case is the basic case of manual handle mode. By different machines functions contrary to these may be created by the machine tool builder. If, for example, an external manual handle is equipped, the increment and direction selection may be done with the help of a dial. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

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7 Actions Executed in Manual Operation Modes

7.1 Single Block Operation

A single block can be entered by selecting BLOCK INPUT screen of the PROGRAM screen menu and pressing the action menu key. This action can be used only in jog, incremental jog and manual handle modes. The data input is discussed in the chapter 3.3.4 “SINGLE BLOCK Screen” on the page 34. Only a program block not referring to previous or following blocks can be entered, i.e., for example a block containing tool nose radius compensation cannot be entered. There are no further restrictions, e.g. canned cycles, subprograms or macros can be started by means of single block operation. After terminating single block input caption SBEX appears in the 2nd field of status bar. With the START button in effect the single block is executed.

7.2 Work Zero Point Offset and Tool Length Offset Measurement

In the course of measuring work offsets and tool length offsets by touching the workpiece surface, of which the sizes are known, manual moving of axes is needed. It follows, that it is practical to use manual operation modes in case of both activities. If, when measuring, switchover of spindle revolution or a new tool is needed, it can be executed by means of single block input wit hout changing operation modes.

Warning! Work offset and tool length offset measurement can be executed only after reference point return.

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7.2.1 Work Zero Point Offset Measurement

If work offset is to be measured inside the machine, select

W. OFFS MEASURE (work offset measurement) screen of OFFSETS screen menu and press the action menu key.

The coordinate system to be measured can be selected after

pressing softkey F1 WORK COORDNT. (Work coordinate system), than the appropriate softkey F1 G54, F2 G55, ... The

selected coordinate system is not changed to (as after the execution of the appropriate command G54, G55, ...), but is only taken into account in the course of measuring.

Basically there may be two kinds of tool length offsets. One possibility is that the t ool length offset equals to the X- and Z-direction tool overhang. Another one is that the tool length is actually a coordinate offset in the direction of tool length. The control enables the operator to take the size of a tool which is known, into account when measuring the offsets.

The length offset storage to which the coordinate system is to be measured, can be selected. In order to do this the action key F3 OFS NO SEARCH (offset number search) must be pressed. The offset register number, which is to be used in the course of measuring, shall be entered under address N in the bottom data input line, than the data input must be terminated

by either key or .

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7.2.1 Work Zero Point Offset Measurement

Work Zero Point Offset Measurement, if Tool Length Equals to Tool Overhang

If tool length equals to the Xand Z-direction tool overhang (because for example tool offset measuring was executed on an external measuring device) the work offset (work zero point) must always be measured. This can be done by taking a cut with a tool previously measured, in X- and Z-direction on the workpiece in the spindle, than measuring the diameter and length of workpiece on the place where the cut was taken and entering the sizes to control. The control takes the tool overhang into account automatically when calculating the work zero point offsets, if prior thereto the tool offset group containing its size was selected. The offset value can be calculated from the following equation:

Mx = x – xc – x Mz = z – zc – z

where – Mx, Mz: value of work zero point offset – x, z: reference position of tool holder in machine coordinate system (excluding length offset) – xc, zc: X- and Z-direction tool length offset – x0, z0: data entered to coordinate Z in the course of measuring, the measured size of the

workpiece.

Note: Values x and z of the above equation differ to position seen on position display G53, if tool length has been called (Tnnmm). In values "x, z" the called length offset is never taken into account. Therefore before measuring it is useful to delete tool length by means of command Tnn00, however this only makes position display more understandable.

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7.2.1 Work Zero Point Offset Measurement

Work Zero Point Offset Measurement, if Tool Length Equals to Coordinate Shift

If tool lengths are measured so that they also contain the offsets of the work zero point (see tool length measurement) work offsets do not have to be measured. An exception to this if the offset needs to be compensated, as well as if another work coordinate system is to be used. This is needed, for the tool length is calculated in relation to a given work coordinate system. The process corresponds to the above discussed one. The control calculates the offset amount with the help of the above-mentioned equation:

Mx = x – xc – x Mz = z – zc – z

However this time the offset of the new coordinate system (G55) is shifted in relation to the previous one (G54), as seen on the diagram beside.

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7.2.2 Tool Length Offset Measurement inside the Machine

Tool length can be measured also inside the machine. For this softkey

T. LENG MEASUR (tool length measurement) of F5 OFFSETS action menu must be selected.

Select the tool length offset register, in which the tool length to be stored. In order to do this softkey F3 OFS NO SEARCH (offset number search) must be pressed. The offset register number, which is to be used in the course of measurement, shall be entered under address N in the bottom data input line, than the

data input must be terminated by either key or .

The coordinate system, to which the tools are to be related to, needs to be selected after pressing softkey F1 WORK COORDNT. (Work coordinate system), than the appropriate softkey F1 G54, F2 G55 , ... The selected coordinate system is not changed to (as after the

execution of the appropriate command G54, G55, ...), but is only taken into account in the course of measurement.

After taking cuts on X and Z axes, measuring the diameter X and length Z of workpiece cut, the values are to be specified in the lower data input line on address X and Z. The data input

must be terminated by either key or .

The control calculates the tool length offset automatically by taking the current axis position into account.

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7.2.2 Tool Length Offset Measurement inside the Machine

If No Work Zero Point Offset Measurement had Taken Place Previously

If no work zero point offset had taken place previously, the appropriate work offset of the selected coordinate system is zero (Mx=0, Mz=0). The coordinate values measured after cutting and entered to control at addresses X and Z: x0, z0. The control calculates the tool length with the help of the relation, discussed for work zero point offsets. The tool length offsets resulted contain the X- and Z-direction work zero point offsets, as seen on the diagram.

= x – x0 – M

zc = z – z0 – M

If Work Zero Point Offset Measurement had Taken Place Previously

After entering the coordinates the tool length is calculated with the help of the following equation:

xc = x – x0 – M zc = z – z0 – M

where – xc zc: length offset calculated

by the control

– x, z: reference position of the

tool holder in the machine coordinate system(excluding length offset)

– x0, z0: data entered to coordi-

nates X and Z, the known size of the

workpiece – Mx, Mz: Work zero point offset value in the selected coordinate system. In this case the tool length equals to the tool overhang, as seen on the diagram.

Note: Values x and z of the above equation differ to position seen on position display G53, if tool length compensation has been called (Tnnmm). In values "x, z" the called length offset is never taken into account. Therefore before measuring it is useful to delete tool length by means of command Tnn00, however this only makes position display more understandable.

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7.2.3 Automatic Tool Length Offset Measurement

Tool length offsets can also be measured automatically, provided the machine is mounted with a tool offset sensor. Select screen F4 T LENG MEASURE (tool length measurement) in screen menu of F5 OFFSETS. Switch control to JOG mode, than change the tool to be measured. Move the tool tip near to the tool sensor by the use of jog buttons. The length offset register in which the size of the tool is to be stored must be specified after

the action menu button is pressed. Press softkey

OFS NO SEARCH (offset number search). The number of the offset register to be used for the tool measurement must be written at address N in the data input line than the data input must be terminated by means of button

or . In case parameter 1353 OFFSNL is set to 1 the cursor moves automatically to

the offset register the number of which corresponds to the number of tool activated. Press softkey F3 AUTO MEAS after the action menu is pressed. Touch the tool sensor by moving axis with the appropriate jog button. In this case the speed of movement is always the value defined at parameter 8022 G37FD independent of the override switch state. Even 0% state of the override switch is ineffective, the jog button must be released in order to stop. As the tool tip touches the appropriate button of the tool offset sensor, the movement stops and only movement in the contrary direction is possible. The control calculates the tool length offset value automatically at the moment when the sensor has been pressed. The tool offset sensor enables measurement in all four directions (X+, X–, Z+, Z–). It has buttons in all four directions, their posit ions must be calibrated and stored at parameters previously. The parameters are:

8081 CONTACTX+, 8082 CONTACTX–, 8083 CONTACTZ+,

8084 CONTACTZ–. The control subtracts value of the appropriate CONTACT parameter from the current position related to the reference point and the difference is referred to as tool length offset at the moment of touch. On the diagram the position of the Z– button of the sensor is defined to chuck’s plane. The control calculates the z-direction length offset with the help of the equation below:

zk = z – CONTACTZ–

where: zc: the calculated tool length offset

z: position of the tool holder base point according to the reference point

CONTACTZ–: position of Z– button of sensor registered at parameter

Warning! The work zero point offset must always be measured after the use of automatic length offset!

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7.2.4 Calibrating Tool Offset Sensor

The tool offset sensor calibration means the definition and storage of button positions at parameters CONTACT. The sensor can be calibrated in two ways. The first possibility is that the button positions of the sensor are defined in a coordinate system set by the user, e.g., a coordinate system fixed to the chuck. In this case the values of tool length offsets contain the zero point offset according to the reference point. The other possibility is that the but t on positions of the senso r are defined according to the reference point. In this case the tool length offset value equals to the tool overhang.

Warning! Parameters 8081 CONTACTX+ and 8082 CONTACTX– must always be specified in radius independent of the default interpretation being in diameter or radius in the control. All CONTACT parameters must be defined in the double of output increment system, i.e. for example in case of metric machine and INCRSYSTB=1 it is in :m without decimal point.

Before the start of the calibration clear all tool length offsets, work zero point offsets as well as all CONTACT parameters.

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7.2.4 Calibrating Tool Offset Sensor

Calibrating the Sensor to the Coordinate System of Chuck

The enclosed diagram beside shows the interpretation of CONTACT parameters.

Calibrating in X direction Turn an optional workpiece, leave the workpiece in Z direction and read the machine position of X axis, indicated with

on the diagram below.

workp

Measure the workpiece diameter indicated with D on the figure. Execute an automatic tool length measure as discussed in the previous chapter in X– direction. Read the selected X offset register value indicated with X

on the diagram.

(–)

Calculate and enter the value of parameter CONTACTX– with the help of the following equation: CONTACTX– = [X

(–)

– (X

workp

– D)]/2 In the above equation X position display is supposed to be in diameter. The position of X+ button can also be defined by means of the above procedure

Calibrating in Z direction

Define the position of tool tip according to the chuck indicated with Z

on the diagram

chuck

below. Execute an automatic tool length measurement as discussed in the previous chapter in Z– direction. Read the selected Z offset register value indicated with Z

on the diagram. Calculate

(–)

and enter the value of parameter CONTACTZ– with the help of the following equation:

CONTACTZ– = Z

(–)

– Z

chuck

The position of Z+ button can also be defined by means of the above procedure.

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Calibrating the Sensor to Reference Point

The figure beside shows the interpretation of CONTACT parameters. Let us examine the following example. Place a tool, the overhang of which is known in the tool holder. The tool overhang is indicated with XT, ZT on the diagram below. Execute an automatic tool length measurement as discussed in the previous chapter. On the diagram it is in directions X–, Z–. Read the selected X, as well as Z offset register values indicated with X

(–)

, Z

on the

(–)

diagram. Calculate and enter the values of the CONTACT parameter with the help of the following equation:

CONTACTX– = X CONTACTZ– = Z

(–)

– X

– Z

7.2.4 Calibrating Tool Offset Sensor

The procedure can also be applied for the other buttons.

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8.1 Automatic Mode

8 Modes of Automatic Operation

The modes of automatic operation are:

Automatic Edit Manual Data Input

8.1 Automatic Mode

Program execution in automatic mode can only be done upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in the rightmost field (general NC stat e) of status bar. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the automatic mode can be

switched on by pressing button.

The automatic mode is the operation mode, executing part programs. The part program to be executed can be in the memory of control, as well as in external device, e.g., in a computer. Whether the program to be executed is to be loaded from the memory or from an external device, can be determined, after selecting DIRECTORY screen. After pressing the action

menu key RUN action menu must be selected. Afterwards the process corresponds to

what have been discussed in chapter Program directory actions. If the program is executed from the memory, caption AUTM can be seen in the first field of status bar (first operation mode state), while in case of an external device it is the caption AUTD (DNC). The number of the program, selected for automatic execution appears at the end of line containing the name of the current general displaying area.

8.1.1 Program Execution in DNC

DNC connection is realized through RS-232C serial interface. Keep an eye on setting the same parameters (baud rate, number of stop bits ect.) on both the transmitter and the receiver side. There may be three kinds of DNC connection. Simple connection is realized between control and external device upon selection of action DNC of RUN menu. The connection has no protocol, the data can be sent by any serial port driver. In case of selecting action DNC NCT, program dnc-plus.exe (product of NCT Kft) needs to be

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8.1 Automatic Mode

executed on the transmitter side. Program dnc-plus.exe can be executed on IBM PC or on a compatible computer. It ensures connection between transmitter and receiver with protocol. Its advantage over simple DNC connection is that it calculates the checksum by each program block and sends it to control. If the receiver detects an error, it asks for repetition and the transmitter sends the block again. Of this, the operator notices nothing what so ever, for it proceeds automatically. Contrary to simple DNC connection this method makes data transfer very safe, the possibility of mistaking (i.e., control receives false command due to error in data transfer channel) is minimal. If the option FEW (Floppy Ethernet Winchester) is integrated into the control that is really an integrated PC (Personal Computer), then also action DNC FEW can be selected. Then program execution happens from the PC. The programs sent in DNC must meet the following requirements: – no divergence command can be used in main program (i.e. in the program, which is

transmitted from external device), such as GOTO or M99 Pnnnn,

– subprogram or macro call is possible with the restriction that the subprogram or macro

program must be in the control memory, it cannot be on external device.

Machining Start and Stop

The machining starts with the START button and stops with the STOP button in effect. If no program is selected for execution in automatic mode, and control is not in DNC state, the error message NOT EXISTING PROGRAM is displayed when starting automatic mode.

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8.2 Edit Mode

In case there is no PLC program or PLC program or parameter area is damaged in control, edit mode is activated after turning the power on. .

Edit mode is indicated by caption EDIT in the leftmost field of the status bar. The following actions can only be executed in edit mode: – editing, as well as loading or saving through serial input the parameter area, – loading PLC program to control, – editing programs selected for execution in automatic mode and interrupted during execu-

tion, as well as editing sub-programs and macros called from this main program, on condition that those are under processing.

If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the edit mode can be switched on

by pressing the button.

Editing Programs under Automatic Execution

Programs (main programs and sub-programs under automatic execution are indicated by exclamation mark ! standing before their names on DIRECTORY screen. These programs can be edited with the following restrictions. If automatic mode is interrupted during execution, switch-over to edit mode is done and the screen EDIT is displayed, the control always displays the currently interrupted program, independent of the highlighted program in the list of the directory (indicating the background editing). Editing can be done, beginning with the block after the interrupted program block. The control disqualifies editing of the interrupted block and of previous blocks. If editing of such a block is selected by means of cursor, two arrows 67, pointing at each other indicate in the 7th status field, that this block cannot be edited. The same situation occurs, if execution of a subprogram or macro is interrupted. In this case the subprogram or macro can be modified by opening edit mode with the above restrictions.

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8.3 Manual Data Input Mode

Program execution in manual data input mode can only be done upon power-on state of the machine, i.e. when there is no EMG (emergency stop) state in the right most field (general NC state) of status bar. If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the manual data input mode can be

switched on by pressing the button.

In manual data input mode all part programs in control memory, that is not selected for automatic execution can be executed. The program to be executed can be selected after displaying the DIRECTORY screen. After pressing the action menu key action menu RUN must be selected. Than the process corresponds to what have been discussed in chapter “Program directory actions”. By opening the operation mode caption MDI appears in the leftmost field of status bar. The program starts by the use of the START button, while with the STOP button the execution can be stopped. By pressing START button error message

NOT EXISTING PROGRAM

is displayed if no program is selected for execution in manual data input mode.

Differences between Automatic and Manual Data Input modes

– In manual data input mode only programs in memory can be executed, therefore in this case

DNC transfer is not possible!

– In manual data input mode the program cannot be continued from the interruption point

(contrary to automatic mode). This means that the program is always executed from the beginning when the operation mode is activated.

– In program selected for manual data input mode block number cannot be searched for.

Among others the manual data input mode can be used for simplifying interventions frequently occurring while machining. In this case there is no need to enter and execute one or more blocks by means of single block input, but the process needed is written down in a program. Switching over from aut omatic to manual data input and starting the process by interrupting automatic mode can be done any time. For example in the case of tool break a program, which stops spindle and switches off coolant, takes out the tool and stands to a position the intervention from which is easy, can be started in manual data input mode. Another way to use it is when a size needs to be checked on the work during machining, the automatic mode can be interrupted and a measuring cycle started in manual data input mode. After the needed process is done the automatic mode can be returned and the machining continued.

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8.3 Manual Data Input Mode

In manual data input mode, during program execution, the operation of the following functions corresponds to that in automatic mode: – Single block execution – Conditional STOP – Conditional block – Dry run – Locking possibilities.

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9 Override Switches

The control can operate three override switches: – the feedrate, – the rapid traverse, and – the spindle speed override switches.

9.1 Feedrate Override Switch

9 Override Switches

The feedrate override switch has 16 positions. The feedrate switch determines, by how many percent of the programmed feedrate (F) should

switch

state

the axes be moved. The diagram beside shows the position of the switch and the percentage belonging to the position. Position 0% stops the movement of not only the feed, but also of rapid traverse movements.

In basic configuration feedrate override switch can be selected on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screen. After pressing the action menu key, action F4 % must be selected. This way the percentage can be decreased (by means of softkey F–), as well as increased (by means of softkey F+).

The NCT machine control board is mounted with a 16-position rotary switch. In this case in place of the above mentioned override adjustment with softkeys this feedrate switch can be used.

The feedrate switch position is interpreted in jog

mode on the basis of parameter adjustment. If the value of parameter 1372 JOGFEED is 0, the speed of jog is the modal value F. If the value of parameter 1372 JOGFEED is 1, the control registers the speed fixed in table on the basis of feedrate switch position. (See table of jog mode.)

In the following cases the feedrate switch is ineffective: – G63, i.e. state of override disabled, – at the values of variable #3004 listed in programmer’s manual, and – during thread cutting G33, G34, G76, G78 and tapping cycles G84.1,

G84.

In these cases the control always supposes 100% independent of switch position.

510

620

730

840

950

10 60

11 70

12 80

13 90

14 100

15 110

16 120

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9 Override Switches

9.2 Rapid Traverse Override Switch

The rapid traverse override switch determines, by how many percent of the rapid traverse rate defined in the parameter should the axes be moved. The diagram beside contains the switch positions and the percentages belonging to the positions.

switch

state

1F0

F0 is a percentage fixed at parameter 1204 RAPOVER. Its practical

225

value is 10% or less.

350

If the value of parameter 1204 RAPOVER is 0 the rapid traverse override values (depending on the PLC program) are the same discussed

4 100

earlier at feedrate override in the range of 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, ..., 100%. Consult with the machine tool builder on details.

Feedrate override switch position 0% stops the rapid traverse movements as well, so there is no need to have a rapid traverse position 0%.

In basic configuration, rapid traverse rate override switch can be selected on OPERATOR’S

PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu key, action

% must be selected. This way with the help of softkeys R–, R+ the percentage can be decreased (by means of softkey R–), as well as increased (by means of softkey R+).

If the machine is mounted with NCT machine control board the

rapid traverse override value can be selected with four buttons optionally.

Note: The control can also take over % value of rapid traverse rate from feedrate override switch. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

9.3 Spindle Speed Override Switch

The spindle speed override switch has 11 positions. The switch determines, by how many percent of the programmed spindle revolution (S) should the spindle be rotated. The diagram beside contains the switch positions and the percentages belonging to the positions.

In basic configuration, spindle speed override switch can be selected on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu key, action F4 % must be selected. This way with the help of softkeys S–, S+ the percentage can be decreased (by means of softkey S–), as well as increased (by means of softkey S+).

Three buttons are mounted on the NCT machine control board. In this case in place of the above mentioned override adjustment with softkeys

the three buttons can be used. With the button in effect the value

is decreased, while by pressing the button it is increased. By

switch

state

150

260

370

480

590

6 100

7 110

8 120

9 130

10 140

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9 Override Switches

pressing the button the control restores the programmed 100% rate.

During thread cutting G33, G34, G76, G78 and tapping cycles G84.1, G84 the spindle speed override switch is ineffective. The control registers 100% independent of the switch position.

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10 Program Execution Start and Stop

The program execution is started by the use of the START button.

The program execution can be stopped by means of the following functions and keys:

– with the STOP button,

– with the RESET key,

– at the end of block execution in the single block mode ,

– after executing programmed stop command M00,

– as the effect of conditional stop command M01, if optional stop switch is on,

– after executing program end commands M02, M30.

10.1 Starting Program Execution

In the following cases the program execution is started by pressing START button :

– in jog, incremental jog or manual handle feed mode, after single block has been entered and

terminated, – in automatic mode, if program is selected for execution from memory or DNC, – in manual data input mode, if program is selected for execution. Error message

NOT EXISTING PROGRAM is displayed by pressing START button, if no program is selected for execution. START state is indicated by caption STRT in the 3rd field of status bar.

10.2 Feed Stop

During program execution by pressing STOP button START state is cancelled. The

axes decelerate and stop. The execution of functions (M, S, T, B) in the given block is continued till the end of block. STOP state is indicated by caption STOP in the 3rd field of the status bar. In the following cases the STOP button is ineffective: – G63, i.e. state of override inhibit, – values of variable #3004 listed in programmer’s manual, and – during thread cutting G33, G34 and tapping cycles G84.1, G84.

10.3 RESET

If reset key is pressed during program execution, START or STOP state is canceled.

The axes decelerate and stop, even if control executes operation, where the use of feedrate override switches and STOP button is ineffective (e.g.: G33, G34, G76, G78, G84.1, G84).

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10 Program Execution Start and Stop

At the same time some global messages are also cleared from the message field of the status bar. The PLC program (generally) stops spindle rotation and suspends operation under execution. Besides RESET key has other effects in the different modes as well.

In Automatic Operation in Case There is No INTD State Yet: If RESET key is pressed in

automatic operation and there is no INTD (interrupted) state yet, caption INTD is displayed in the 3rd field of status bar. This means, that automatic operation is interrupted. Afterwards program execution can be continued from the block, which has been interrupted.

In Manual Data Input Mode: If RESET key is pressed in manual data input mode, program

execution is interrupted and it cannot be restarted from the interruption point, only from the beginning.

In Case of the Execution of a Single Block: If RESET key is pressed during the execution of

a single block the block is cleared from the buffer. If the same block needs to be executed again, the single block input must be terminated once more.

In case automatic mode is being selected, INTD state is in effect, no message is being displayed in global message line and RESET key is pressed, INTD state is cancelled and the program executor goes to the first line of the program selected for automatic execution, i.e. machining begins from the beginning by pressing START button. INTD state is cleared and control registers default status fixed at parameters.

10.4 Programmed Stop: M00

If control goes to code M00 during program execution, it executes block containing code

M00, than STOP state is assumed and the machining stops. With START button the

machining is continued.

10.5 Conditional Stop: M01

Conditional stop state can be selected on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu

key F5 CONDITIONS

action menu must be selected, than switch COND. STOP (conditional stop) needs to be pressed.

If NCT machine control board is

used select button.

If control runs to code M01 during program execution, it

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10 Program Execution Start and Stop

executes block containing code M01 if switch COND. STOP is on, than STOP state is

assumed and the machining stops. With START button the machining is continued.

Nothing happens if switch COND. STOP is off.

10.6 End of Program: M02, M30

Codes M02, M30 indicate the end of main program. By its use the machining stops, START state is canceled. In the course of program execution from memory listing goes to first block of main program, from where the machining can be started from the beginning by the use of

START button .

Even if program end code is not entered to the end of main program, with symbol % in effect the above process is affected, except for PLC actions belonging to the codes M02, M30, for example spindle stop and coolant off are not executed.

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11 Intervention in the Course of Program Execution

11.1 Conditional Block Skip

If at the beginning of block conditional block skip /n is programmed (n means the number of the conditional block switch), than – if switch No. n is on, it skips

block,

– if switch No. n is off, it exe-

cutes block.

The conditional block switch No. 1 can be reached on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu key,

CONDITIONS action menu must be selected, than switch COND. BLOCK (conditional block) needs to be pressed.

If NCT machine control board is used select button.

The control can handle another 8 conditional block switches (altogether 9). These switches can be optionally used.

11.2 Increasing Feedrate by Means of Rapid Traverse Jog Button

If axes are moved during program execution and rapid traverse jog button is pressed,

the control increases feedrate, if rapid traverse jog button is released, it resets the programmed feedrate.

The measure of acceleration is determined by the value fixed at parameter 1371 FMULT. The programmed value is multiplied by the number fixed at parameter, and the result is activated as feedrate. If the value of parameter is 1 the feedrate remains unchanged when pressing rapid traverse button, if the value is e.g. 2 it is doubled.

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11 Intervention in the Course of Program Execution

11.3 Intervention by Means of Manual Handle in Automatic Operation

The manual handle operation can also be turned on parallel to the automatic operation. In this case in the leftmost field of status bar caption AUTM or AUTD indicating automatic operation can be seen, depending on where the program execution takes place from. At the same time in the 2nd field of status bar caption HNDL appears, indicating the manual handle operation. By the use of the manual handle a movement can be overlapped to the movement of axes defined in the program. The tool path formed will differ from the one defined in the program.

The rules of operation are as follows:

– The rules of selecting axis and increment correspond to the ones discussed by manual handle

mode.

– The speed of intervention coming from the manual handle is added algebraically to the speed

resulting from interpolation, however the speed realized cannot be over the maximum feedrate permitted, that is registered on the given axis. If e.g. the maximum feedrate is 2000 mm/min and the selected axis is moved in direction + by 400 mm/min, the speed coming from manual handle can be 1600 mm/min in direction +, or 2400 mm/min in direction –. If the speed realized is over the maximum speed permitted, the control throws away the

useless pulses, in contrast to the normal manual handle mode. – Movement is made even in feedrate override state 0%. – As the effect of intervention by means of manual handle the direction can be reversed. – Movement is not made in the following cases:

State G00, or other states of rapid traverse movement, as, e.g., positioning phase of

canned cycle, G28, G53, etc. even if no movement command is programmed on the

given axis.

STOP state.

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11 Intervention in the Course of Program Execution

Effect of intervention to coordinate system

– The manual handle pulses are

also added to the offset on the appropriate axis in the common work zero point offset registers. This way all the works and local coordinate systems are being shifted.

– Naturally this does not influ-

ence the machine coordinate system. In case of G53 or G28 the axis always moves to the appropriate position.

– The value rotated by manual

handle cannot be seen on

the display showing the current position in compliance with the above discussed. If one of the common work zero point offsets is other than zero an exclamation mark ! can be seen in the 7th status field.

Page 98

12 Debugging Part Program

12 Debugging the Part Program

The following functions help the testing, debugging of the part program: – single block execution, – dry run, – locking possibilities and – test run. These functions are not operation modes, but conditions influencing the program execution in automatic mode.

12.1 Single Block Execution

Single block execution can be selected on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu key, F5 CONDITIONS action menu must be selected, than softkey SINGLE BLOCK needs to be pressed. If NCT machine control board is

used select the button.

Single block execution can be done in automatic and manual data input modes. The control stops (STOP state) after the execution of each block. An exception to that when thread cutting blocks G33 follow each other or suppression of single block execution has been programmed by giving value #3003=1. The machining

continues with the START button .

12.2 Dry Run (All Feedrates at High Speed)

Switch DRY RUN can be reached on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu key, F5 CONDITIONS action menu must be selected, than softkey DRY RUN needs to be pressed.

If NCT machine control board is used select the button.

When the switch is on all feeds move at high speed, fixed at parameter. It executes every movement at feedrate interpreted in dimension per minute, independent of whether state G94 or G95 is programmed .

Generally the DRY RUN button can be activated only in one of the manual modes

provided the axes are in stopped state. For details turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

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12 Debugging Part Program

12.3 Machine Lock Function

Switch MACHINE LOCK can be reached on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After pressing the action menu

key F5 CONDITIONS

action menu must be selected, than softkey MACHINE LOCK needs to be pressed. If NCT machine control board is

used select the button.

The locked state of the machine is indicated by caption LOCK in the 8th field (general NC state) of the status bar. If the switch is on: – the interpolator does not give out any command to the position control loop on either axis,

as well as – no function is executed by the PLC at all. Functions machine lock and dry run can be combined, i.e., both can be switched on at the same time. The POSITION screen and the GRAPHIC POSITION screen show the path already drawn. If switch dry run is on, the speed is high, if it is off, the speed is the programmed feedrate. If machine lock is switched off, the momentary axis positions can be seen again on the POSITION screen of control.

Note:

Generally key MACHINE LOCK can be switched in one of the manual modes in case

the axes are in STOP state For more turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

12.4 Other Locking Possibilities

Other locking possibilities may be at disposal optionally. These are as follows:

Function Lock

This means, that the control does not execute any function sent to PLC (M, S, T, B ect.)

If NCT machine control board is used select the button.

Axis Lock

The axes can be locked separately. In this case the locked axis (axes) does (do) not move, while the others do.

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12 Debugging Part Program

The different function and axis locking possibilities can be co mbined optionally. An axis, e.g. Z axis and the functions can be locked simultaneously.

Note: About the different locking possibilities turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

12.5 Test Run

Softkey TEST can be reached on OPERATOR’S PANEL or POSITION screens. After

pressing the action menu key F5 CONDITIONS action menu must be selected, than

softkey TEST needs to be pressed.

If NCT machine control board is used select the button.

The TEST state is indicated by caption TEST in the 8th field of the status bar.

When the key is activated: – the interpolator does not command any movement on any axis towards the position control

loop, and – no function is executed by the PLC. The TEST state can be applied for the syntactic and graphic test of programs. The program execution (the interpolation) is much faster than it is in case of the simultaneous switched on state of MACH LOCK and DRY RUN. The position display and the graphic position display show the path done.

If button TEST is

inactivated, than the current axis positions can be seen again in the position display of control.

Note:

Generally the TEST button can be switched in one of the manual modes in case the

axes are in stopped state. For more turn to the machine tool builder for an information material.

100