National Semiconductor LMX9820A Technical data

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LMX9820A Bluetooth

Seria l Port Modul e

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

APRIL 2005

Revision 1.0

1.0 General Description

The National Semiconductor LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port module is a highly integrated radio, baseband controller, and memory device implemented on an FR4 substrate. All hardware and firmware is included to provide a complete solution from antenna from the complete lower and upper layers of the Bluetooth stack, up to the application support layers including the Generic Access Profile (GAP), the Service Discovery Application Profile (SDAP), and the Serial Port Profile (SPP). The module includes a configurable service database to fulfill service requests for additional profiles on the host. The LMX9820A features a small form factor (10.1 x 14.1 x 2.0 mm) design, which solves many of the challenges associated with compact system integration. Moreover, the LMX9820A is pre-qualified as a Bluetooth Integrated Component. Conformance testing through the Bluetooth qualification program enables a fast time to market after system integration by ensuring a high degree of compliance and interoperability.

2.0 Functional Block Diagram

Based on National’s CompactRISC

™

16-bit processor architecture and Digital Smart Radio technology, the LMX9820A is optimized to handle the data and link management processing requirements of a Blueto oth node.

The firmware supplied with this device offers a complete Bluetooth (v1.1) stack including profiles and command interface. This firmware features point-to-point and pointto-multipoint link management supporting data rates up to the theoretical maximum over RFComm of 704 kbps. The internal memory supports up to three active Bluetooth data links and one active SCO link .

1.1 APPLICATIONS

■ Personal Digital Assistants

■ POS Terminals

■ Data Logging Systems

■ Audio Gateway applicati ons

LINK

MGMNT

PROCESSOR

(LMP)

LNA

ANTENNA

CompactRISC is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and is used under license by National Semiconductor.

DIGITAL

SMART

RADIO

SYNTHESIZER

CRYSTAL/OSCILLATOR

BASEBAND

CONTROLLER

AUDIO INTERFACE

AAI_STD

AAI_SRD

ADVANCED

AAI_SFS

AAI_SCLK

FIRMWARE (INCLUDES

PROFILES AND

COMMAND

INTERFACE)

COMPACTRISC™

CORE

JTAGRAMFLASH

VOLTAGE

REGULATORS

UART_RX

UART

AUX

PORTS

SELECT

ANALOG

DIGITAL

DIG_GND[1:2]VCC

UART_TX UART_RTS# UART_CTS#

IOVCC TX_SWITCH_P ENV0 ENV1

LSTAT_0 LSTAT_1 HOST_WU RESET_B# RESET_5100#

ISEL1INTERFACE ISEL2

VDD_ANA_OUT VDD_DIG_OUT

VDD_DIG_PWR_D#

3.0 Features

■ Bluetooth version 1.1 qualified

■ Implemented in CMOS technology on FR4 substrat e

■ Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C

■ FCC certified on LMX9820ADONGLE,

FCC ID ED9LMX9820ASM.

3.1 DIGITAL HARDW ARE

■ Baseband and Link Management processors

■ CompactRISC Core

■ Integrated Memory:

–Flash –RAM

■ UART Command/Data Port: – Support for up to 921.6k baud rate

■ Auxiliary Host Interface Ports:

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

– Link Status – Transceive r Status (Tx or Rx) – Operating Environm ent Control:

– Default Bluetooth mode – In System Programming (ISP) mode

■ Advanced Power Management (APM) features

■ Advanced Audio Interface for external PCM codec

3.2 FIRMWARE

■ Complete Bluetooth Stack including: – Baseband and Link Manager – L2CAP, RFCOMM, SDP –Profiles:

–GAP –SDAP – SPP

■ Additional Profile support on host fo r any SPP based profile, like

– Dial Up Networking (DUN) – Facsimile Profile (FAX)

– File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – Object Push Profile (OPP) – Headset (HSP)

– Handsfree Profile (HFP)

■ On-chip application support including: – Command Interface:

– Link setup and configuration (also Multipoint) – Configuration of the module – In-System Programming (ISP) – Service database modifications

– Default connections – UART Transparent mode – Different Operation modes:

– Automatic mode

– Command mode

3.3 DIGITAL SMART RADIO

■ Accepts external clock or crystal input: – 12 MHz – 20 ppm cumulative clock error required for Bluetooth

■ Synthesizer: – Integrated VCO and loop filter – Provides all clocking f or radio and baseband func-

tions

■ Antenna Port (50 ohms nominal impedance): – Embedded front-end filter for enhanced out of band

performance

■ Integrated transmit/ receive switch (full-duplex operation via antenna port)

■ Typical -81 dBm input sensitivity

■ 0 dBm typical output power

3.4 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS

■ Compact size: 10.1mm x 14.1mm x 2.0mm

■ Complete system interface provi ded in Land Grid Array

on underside for surface-mount assembly

■ Metal shield included

Figure 1. Physical Illustrati o n

www.national.com 2 Revision 1.0

Table of Cont ents

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

1.0 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

1.1 APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

2.0 Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3.0 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

3.1 DIGITAL HARDWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3.2 FIRMWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3.3 DIGITAL SMART RADIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3.4 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

4.0 Connection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5.0 Pad Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

6.0 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

6.1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

6.2 DC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.3 RF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS . . . .10

6.4 PERFORMANCE DATA (TYPICAL) . . . . . . . . . .12

7.0 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7.1 BASEBAND AND LINK MANAGEMENT PROCESSORS 14

7.1.1 Bluetooth Lower Link Controller . . . . . . . . . . . .14

7.1.2 Bluetooth Upper Layer Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7.1.3 Profile Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7.1.4 Application with Command Interface . . . . . . . .14

7.2 MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

7.3 CONTROL AND TRANSPORT PORT . . . . . . . . . 15

7.4 AUXILIARY PORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

7.4.1 Reset_5100 and Reset_b# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

7.4.2 Operating Environment Pads (Env0 and Env1) 15

7.4.3 Interface Select Inputs (ISEL1, ISEL2) . . . . . .15

7.4.4 Module and LInk Status Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . 15

7.5 AUDIO PORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

8.0 Digital Smart Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

8.2 RECEIVER FRONT END . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.2.1 Poly-Phase Bandpass Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

8.2.2 Hard Limiter and RSSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.3 RECEIVER BACK END . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

8.3.1 Frequency Discriminator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

8.3.2 Post-Detection Filter and Equalizer . . . . . . . . . 17

8.4 AUTOTUNING CIRCUITRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

8.5 SYNTHESIZER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.5.1 Phase-Frequency Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.6 TRANSMITTER CIRCUITRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

8.6.1 IQ-DA Converters and TX Mixers . . . . . . . . . .18

8.7 CRYSTAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

8.7.1 Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

8.7.2 TCXO (Te m perature Compensated Crystal Oscillator) 21

8.7.3 ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) . . . . . . . .22

9.0 System Power-Up Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

10.0 Integrated Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1 FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1.1 Operation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1.2 Default Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1.3 Event Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1.4 Default Link Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10.1.5 Audio Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

11.0 Power Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

11.1 LOW POWER MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

11.2 UART TRANSPOR T LAYER CO NTRO L . . . . . . 26

11.2.1 Hardware Wake-Up Functionality . . . . . . . . . . 26

11.2.2 Disabling the UART Transport Layer . . . . . . . 26

11.2.3 LMX9820A Enabling the UART Interface . . . . 26

11.2.4 Enabling the UART Transport Layer from Host 26

12.0 Command Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1 FRAMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1.1 Start and End Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1.2 Packet Type ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1.3 Opcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1.4 Data Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.1.5 Checksum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

12.2 COMMAND SET OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

13.0 Usage Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

13.1 SCENARIO 1: POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION 32

13.2 SCENARIO 2: AUTOMATIC POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION 33

13.3 SCENARIO 3: POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT CONNECTION 34

14.0 Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

14.1 MATCHING NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

14.2 FILTERED POWER SUPPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

14.3 HOST INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

14.4 CLOCK INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

14.5 SCHEMATIC AND LAYOUT EXAMPLES . . . . . 35

15.0 Soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

16.0 Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

17.0 Datasheet Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Revision 1.0 3 www.national.com

4.0 Connection Diagram

12345678910111213

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC PI1_ NC Tx_rx_ CCB_ BBCLK PI2_TP12

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND Clk- Clk+ AAI_srd Env1 AAI_std 32kHz_CLKI

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND Tx_rx_ Uart_rx Uart_rts# AAI_sfs AAI_sclk 32kHz_CLKO

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND CCB_data Uart_tx Uart_cts# Reset_ Dig_gnd_1 NC

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GN D RF GND Lstat_0 Env0 J_rdy USB_D+ USB_D- NC

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND Lstat_1 Host_wu J_tdi J_tdo USB_VCC PH3_TP9

NC RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND RF GND NC Reset_b# J_tms J_tck Dig_gnd_2 USB_Gnd PH2_TP8

RF_CE_TP11 synch Clock

data

5100#

NC VCC TX_ NC RF GNDRF GNDRF GNDRF_inoutRF GNDRF GNDRF GND IOVCC ISEL2

NC VDD_ANA_OUT

Switch_P

VDD_DIG_PWR_D#

VDD_DIG_OUTNC NC NC NC NC NC CCB_ ISEL1

latch

X-Ray (Top View)

Figure 2. Connection Diagram

Table 1. Ord e ring Infor m a t io n

Order Number Shipment Method

LMX9820ASM Tape & Reel 250 pcs

LMX9820ASMX Tape & Reel 2000 pcs

www.national.com 4 Revision 1.0

5.0 Pad Descriptions

Table 2. System Interface Signals

Pad Name

Pad

Location

Clk- B8 Input Xtal g or Negative Clock Input. Typically connected along with

Clk+ B9 Input Xtal d or Positive Clock Input. Typically connected along with

32kHz_CLKI B13 Input 32 kHz Clock input . Not supported b y LMX9820A. Connect to ground.

32kHz_CLKO C13 Output 32 kHz Clock Output. Not supporte d by LM X9820A. Tre at as no con-

RF_inout H8 Input/Output RF Antenna Port. 50Ω nominal impedance. Typi call y co nnected to an

ISEL2 H13 Input Module Interface Select Input Bit 1 ISEL1 J13 Input Module Interface Select Input Bit 0

Direction Description

XTAL_D to an external surface-mount AT-cut crysta l. Leave not connected in case Clk+ i s connected to external crystal oscillator.

XTAL_G to an e xternal s urface -mount AT-cut crys tal. Can a lso be c onfigured as a frequency input when using an external crystal oscillator. When configured as a fr equency in put , typical ly connect ed t o an external Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator (TCXO) through an Alternating Curr ent (AC) coupling capacitor.

Pad required for mechanical stability.

nect. Pad required for mechanical stabili ty.

antenna through a 6.8 pF capacitor.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

T able 3. USB Interface Signals (not supported by LMX9820A firmware)

Pad Name

Pad

Location

USB_VCC F12 Input USB Transceiver Power Supply + USB_D+ E11 Input/Output USB Data Positive USB_D- E12 Input/Output USB Data Negative

Direction Description

USB_Gnd G12 Input USB Transceiver Ground. Connect to GND.

1. Treat as no connect. Pad required for mechanical stability.

Table 4. UART Interface Signals

Pad Name

Pad

Location

Direction Description

Uart_tx D9 Output UART Host Control Interface Transport, Transmit Data Uart_rx C9 Input UART Host Control Interface Transport, Receive Data

Uart_rts# C10 Output UART Host Control Interface Transport, Request to Send Uart_cts# D10 Input UART Host Control Interface Transport, Clear to Send

1. Treat as no connect if not used. Pad required for mechanic al st ability.

2. Connect GND if not used.

Revision 1.0 5 www.national.com

5.0 Pad Descriptions (Continued)

T able 5. Auxiliary Ports Interface Signal s

Pad Name

Pad

Location

IOVCC H12 Input 2.85V to 3.6V Logi c Threshold Program Input. Reset_b# G8 Input Reset_5100# D11 Input

Lstat_0 E8 Output Link Status Bit 0 Lstat_1 F8 Output Link S tatus Bit 1 Host_wu F9 Output Host Wakeup Env0 E9 Input Module Operating Environment Bit 0 Env1 B11 Input Module Operating Environment Bit 1 TX_Switch_P H3 Output Transceiver Status. 0 = Receive; 1 = Transmit.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Pad Name

Pad

Location

AAI_srd B10 Input Advanced Audio Interface Rece ive Data Input AAI_std B12 Output Advanced Audio Interf ace Transmit Data Output AAI_sfs C11 Input/Output Advanced Audio Interface Frame Synchronization AAI_sclk C12 Input/Output Advanced Audio Interface Clock

Direction Description

Reset for Smart Radio Reset for Baseband processor.

use pull-up with max. 1K

. Connect to Reset_5100.

Low active, either connect to host or

Ω

resistor.

T able 6. Audio Port Interf ace Signals

Direction Description

1. Treat as no connect if not used. Pad required for mechanic al st ability.

Table 7. Test Interface Signals

Pad Name

Pad

Location

J_rdy E10 Output JTAG Ready J_tdi F10 Input JTAG Test Data J_tdo F11 Input/Output JT AG Test Data

Direction Description

J_tms G9 Input/Output JTAG Test Mode Select J_tck G10 Input JTAG Test Clock PI1_RFCE_TP11

A8 Test Pin Module Test Point PI2_TP12 A13 Test Pin Module Test Point Tx_rx_data C8 Test Pin Module Test Point Tx_rx_synch A10 Test Pin Module Test Point CCB_Clock A11 Test Pin Module Test Point CCB_data D8 Test Pin Modu le Test Point CCB_latch J12 Test Pin Module Test Point BBCLK A12 Test Pin Module Test Point PH3_TP9 F13 Test Pin Module Test Point PH2_TP8 G13 Test Pin Module Test Point

www.national.com 6 Revision 1.0

5.0 Pad Descriptions (Continued)

1. Treat as no connect. Pad required for mechanical stability.

Table 8. Power, Ground, and No Connect Signals

Pad Name

NC A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,

A6, A7, A9, B1, C1, D1, D13, E1 , E 1 3, F1, G1, G7, H1, H4, J1, J3, J6, J7, J9, J10, J11

RF GND

Dig_gnd_1 Dig_gnd_2

VCC H2 Input 2.85V to 3.6V Input for Intern al Power Supply Regula-

VDD_ANA_OUT J2 Out put Voltage Regulator Output/Power Supply for Analog

VDD_DIG_OUT J5 Output Voltage Regulator Output/Power Supply for Digital

VDD_DIG_PWR_D# J4 Input Power Down for the Internal Power Supply Regulator

B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, E2 , E3, E4, E5, E6, E7, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, H5, H6, H7, H9, H10, H11

Pad

Location

D12 Input Digital Ground G11 Input Digital Ground

Direction Description

No Connect No Connect. Pad required for mechanical stability.

Input Radio System Ground. Must be connected to RF

Ground plane. Thermal relief required for proper soldering.

tors

Circuitry. If not used, place pad and do not connect to

VCC or Ground.

Circuitry. If not used, place pad and do not connect to VCC or Ground.

for the Digital Circuitry. Place pad and do not connect to VCC or Ground.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

1. Connect RF GND, Dig_gnd_1, and Dig_gnd_2 to a single ground plane.

Revision 1.0 7 www.national.com

6.0 Electrical Specifications

6.1 GENERAL SPECIFI CATIONS

Absolute Maximum Ratings (see Table 9) indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings (see Table 10) indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be fu nctional.

This device is a high performance RF integrated circuit an d

The following conditions apply unless otherwise stated in the tables be low:

• T

= -40°C to +85°C

• VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V

• RF system performa nce specifications are guaranteed

on National Semicondu ctor Austin Board rev1.0b refer-

ence design platform. is ESD sensitive. Handling and assembly of this device should be performed at ESD free workstations.

Table 9. Absolu te Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit

VCC Core Logic Power Supply Voltag e -0.3 4.0 V IOVCC I/O Power Supply Voltage -0.3 4.0 V

USB_VCC V

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

PinRF RF Input Power +15 dBm T

ESD-HBM ESD, Human Body Model 2000

USB Power Supply Voltage -0.5 3.63 V Voltage on any pad with GND = 0V -0.5 3.6 V

Storage Temperatur e Range -65 +125 Lead Temperature (solder 4 sec) +235

ESD-MM ESD, Machine Model 200 V

1. USB Interface not supported by LMX9820A firmware. Treat as no connect . Pad required for mechanical stability.

2. Antenna pin passes 1500V HBM.

T able 10. Recommended Operating Conditions

Symbol Parameter Min Typ

VCC IOVCC

HUM

NONOP Humidity (non-op erating, 38.7

Module Power Supply Voltage 2.85 3.3 3.6 V

I/O Power Supply Voltage 2.85 3.3 3.6 V Module Power Supply Rise Time 50 ms Operating Temperat ure Range -40 +85 °C Humidity (operating, across operating

10 90 %

temperature range)

C web bulb

595%

Max Unit

temperature)

1. Maximum voltage difference allowed between VCC and IOVCC is 500 mV.

2. Typical operating conditions are VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V operating voltage and 25°C ambient temperature.

3. VCC internally regulated to VDD_ANA (see Table 11)

4. IOVCC internally regulated to VDD_DIG (see Table 11)

T able 11. Power Supply Electrical Specifications (Analog and Digit al LDOs)

Symbol Parameter Min

VDD_ANA_OUT VDD_DIG_OUT

Analog Voltage Output Range 2.8 V

Digital Voltage Ou tput Range 2.5 V

Typ

Max Unit

1. Typical operating conditions are VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V o perating voltage and 25°C ambient temper ature. Values

reflect voltage s of i nter nally generated, regulated voltages VDD_ANA and VDD_DIG

2. Output of internally generated regulated vol tage VDD_ANA

3. Output of internally generated regulated voltage VDD_DIG

www.national.com 8 Revision 1.0

6.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Note: The voltage regulators are optimized for the internal

operation of the LMX9820A. Because any noise coupled

mance, it is highly recommended to have no additional load on their outputs.

into these supplies can have influence on the radio perfor-

Table 12. Power Supply Requirements

Symbol Parameter Min Typ

CC-TX

CC-RX

CC-Inq

RXSL Receive Data in SPP Link, slave

RXM

HV3

SnM Sniff Mode, snif f interval 1 second

SC-TLDIS

Idle Idle, scanning disabled, TL disabled

Power supply curre nt for continuous transmi t 68 mA Power supply curre nt for continuous receive 62 mA Inquiry 31 mA

3,4

Receive Data in SPP Link, master

3,4

Active HV3 SCO Audio Link 22 mA

Scanning, no active link, TL disabled

3,5

1. Power supply requirements based on Class II output power.

2. VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V, Ambient Temperature = +25°C.

3. Average values.

4. Based on UART Baudrate 115.2kbit/s.

5. TL: Transport Layer

Max Unit

23 mA 18 mA

8mA

2.5 mA

0.15 mA

6.2 DC CHARACTERISTICS

T able 13. Digital DC Charact eristics

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Max Units

VCC IOVCC

HYS Hysteresis Loop Width

OHW

O(Off)

Core Logic Supply Voltage 2.85 3. 6 V

IO Supply Voltage 2.85 3. 6 V Logical 1 Input Voltag e 0.7 x

VDD_ANA

VDD_ANA +

0.5

Logical 0 Input Voltag e -0.5 0.2 x

VDD_ANA

0.1 x

VDD_ANA

Logical 1 Output Current VDD_ANA = 2.8V -1.6 mA Logical 0 Output Current VDD_ANA = 2.8V 1.6 mA Weak Pull-up Current VDD_ANA = 2.8V -10 µA High-level Input Current VIH = VDD_ANA = 2.8V - 10 10 µA Low-level Input Current VIL = 0 - 10 10 µA High Impedance Input Lea kage

0V ≤ VIN ≤ VDD_ANA -2.0 2.0 µA

Current Output Leakage Current (I/O pins in

input mode)

0V ≤ V

≤ VDD_DIG -2.0 2.0 µA

OUT

1. VCC internally regulated to VDD_ANA (see Table 11)

2. IOVCC internally regulated to VDD_DIG (see Table 11)

3. Guaranteed by design.

Revision 1.0 9 www.national.com

6.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)

• T

6.3 RF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

In the performance characteristics tables the following applies:

• All tests per for m ed are based on Bluetooth Test Specifi-

cation rev 0.92.

• All tests are measured at antenna port unless ot herwise

specified

Ta ble 14. Receiver Performance Characterist ics

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ

sense

PinRF Maximum Input Level -10 0 dBm C/I

C/I

IMP

ACI

-1MHz Carrier to Interf erer Ratio in

IMAGE

3,4

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

RSSI RSSI Dynamic Range at L NA

RFIN

Return Loss

OOB

1. Typical operating conditions are at 2.85V operating voltage and 25°C ambient temperature.

2. The receiver sensi tivity is measured at the dev ice interface.

3. Not tested in producti on.

Receive Sensitivity BER < 0.001 2.402 GHz -81 -77 dBm

Carr ie r to Inter ferer Ratio in the Presence of Adjacent Channel Interfer er

∆F

= + 1 MHz,

ACI

RF = -60 dBm,

BER < 0.001

= + 2 MHz.

∆F

ACI

RF = -60 dBm,

BER < 0.001

= + 3 MHz,

∆F

ACI

RF = -67 dBm,

BER < 0.001

∆f = -3 MHz, the Presence of Image-1 MHz Interferer

PinRF = -67 dBm,

BER < 0.001 Intermodul ation Performance F1= + 3 MHz,

= + 6 MHz,

RF = -64 dBm

Input Input Impedance of RF Port

(RF_inout)

Return Loss Out Of Band Blocking

Performance

Single input impedance

= 2.45 GHz

PinRF = -10 dBm,

30 MHz < F

BER < 0.001

RF = -27 dBm,

2000 MHz < F

BER < 0.001

RF = -27 dBm,

2498 MHz < F

BER < 0.001

RF = -10 dBm,

3000 MHz < F

BER < 0.001

= -40°C to +85°C

• VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V unless otherwise speci fied RF system performance specifications are guaranteed on

National Semiconductor Austin Board rev1.0b reference design platform.

2.441 GHz -81 -77 dBm

2.480 GHz -81 -77 dBm

-38 -36 dBm

-72 -52 dBm

50 Ω

-10 dBm

< 2 GHz,

CWI

-27 dBm

< 2399 MHz,

CWI

-27 dBm

< 3000 MHz,

CWI

-10 dBm

< 12.75 GHz,

CWI

Max Unit

-1 dB

-37 dB

-47 dB

-32 dB

-8 dB

www.nationa l.c om 10 R ev is io n 1.0

6.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)

4. The f0 = -64 dBm Bluetooth modulated signal, f1 = -39 dbm sine wave, f2 = -39 dBm Bluetooth modulated signal, f

= 2f1 - f2, and |f2 - f1| = n x 1 MHz, in which n is 3, 4, or 5. For the typical case, n = 3.

T able 15. Transmitter Performance Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Condi tion Min Typ

OUT

Transmit Output Power 2.402 GHz -3 +1 +4 dBm

2.441 GHz -3 +1 +4 dBm

2.480 GHz -3 +1 +4 dBm

Power Density

∆F1

MOD

AVG

∆F2

MOD

MAX

∆F2

AVG

/∆F1

AVG

Power Density Modulation Charac teristics Data = 00001111 140 165 175 kHz

Modulation Charac teristics Data = 10101010 1 15 125 kHz

Modulation Characteristics 0.8

-4 1 2 dBm

20 dB Bandwidth 1000 kHz ACP

OUT

RFOUT

2*fo

3*fo

Adjacent Channel Power (In-band Spurious)

PA 2nd Harmonic Suppression

PA 3rd Harmonic Suppression

RF Output Impedance/I nput

| M - N | = 2 -48 -20 dBm | M - N | >

3-51-40dBm

Maximum gain setting: f

= 2402 MHz,

= 4804 MHz

out

Maximum gain setting: f

= 2402 MHz,

= 7206 MHz

out

@ 2.5 GHz 50 Ω

out

Impedance of RF Port (RF_inout)

Return Loss

Return Loss -14 dB

1. Typical operating conditions are at VCC = 3.3V, IOVCC = 3.3V operating voltage and 25°C ambient temperature.

2. The output power is measure at the device interface.

3. ∆F2max > 115 kHz for at least 99.9% of all ∆f2max.

4. Modulation index set bet ween 0.28 and 0.35.

5. Not tested in producti on.

6. Out-of-Band spurs only exist at 2nd and 3rd harmonics of the CW frequency for each channel.

Max Unit

-30 dBm

-32 dBm

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

T able 16. Synthesize r Perf orm ance Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit

VCO

LOCK

∆f

offset drift

VCO Frequency Range 5000 MHz Lock Time f0 + 20 kHz 120 µs

1,2

Initial Carrier Fr equency Tolerance During preamble -75 0 75 kHz

2,3

Initial Carrier Frequency Drift DH1 data packet -25 0 25 kHz

DH3 data packet -40 0 40 kHz DH5 data packet -40 0 40 kHz Drift Rate -20 0 20 kHz/50µs

-Tx Transmitter Delay Time From Tx data to antenna 4 µs

Revision 1.0 11 www.national.com

6.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)

1. Frequency ac curacy is dependent on crystal oscill ator chos en. The cry stal must have a cumulativ e accuracy o f <20 pp m to meet Bluetooth specifications.

2. Not tested in producti on.

3. Frequency ac curacy is dependent on crystal oscill ator chos en. The cry stal must have a c umulative accuracy of <20 pp m to meet Bluetooth specifications.

6.4 PERFORMANCE DATA (T YPICAL)

IL(dB)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 5. Corresponding Eye Diagram

Figure 3. Modulation

Figure 6. Synthesizer Phase Noise

Figure 4. Transmit Spectrum

-2

-4

-6

-8

-10

Filter Insertion Loss

Frequency (Hz)

2.8E+0

2.7E+092.2E+092.1E+09 2.3E+09 2.4E+09 2.5E+09 2.6E+09

Figure 7. Front-End Bandpass Filter Response

www.nationa l.c om 12 R ev is io n 1.0

6.0 Electrical Specifications (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

1.00

2.00

0.50

S(1.1)

m2 freq = 2.402 GHz S(1.1) = 0.093/-29.733 impedance = Z0* (1.170 - j0.109)

m1 freq = 2.500 GHz S(1.1) = 0.035/175.614 impedance = Z0* (0.933 + j0.005)

Figure 8. TX and RX Pin 50Ω Impedance Characteristics

0.00

-0.50

0.50

1.00

freq(2.400 GHz to 2.500 GHz)

-1.00

2.00

-2.00

Revision 1.0 13 www.national.com

7.0 Functional Description (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 9. Transceiver Return Loss

7.0 Functional Description

7.1 BASEBAND AND LINK MANAGEMENT

PROCESSORS

Baseband and Lower Link control functions are implemented using a combination of National Semiconductor’s CompactRISC 16-bit processor and the Bluetooth Lower Link Controller. These processors operate from integrated Flash memory and RAM and execute on-board firmware implementing all Bl uetooth functions.

7.1.1 Bluetooth Lower Link Controller

The integrated Bluetooth Lower Link Controller (LLC) complies with the Bluetooth Specification version 1.1 and implements the f oll owing functions:

• Support for 1, 3, and 5 slot packet types

• 79-channel hop frequency generation circuitry

• Fast frequency hopping at 1600 hops per second

• Power management control

• Access code corr elation and slot timing recovery

7.1.2 Bluetooth Upper Layer Stack

The integrated upper layer stack is prequalified and includes the following protocol layers:

• L2CAP

• RFComm

• SDP

7.1.3 Profile Support

The on-chip applicati on of th e LMX982 0A all ows ful l standalone operation, without any Bluetooth protocol layer necessary outside the module. It supports the Generic Access Profile (GAP), the Service Discovery Application Profile (SDAP), and the Serial Port Profile (SPP) .

The on-chip prof il es can be used as inter faces to additional profiles executed on the host. The LMX9820A includes a configurable service database to answer requests with the profiles suppo rted.

7.1.4 Application with Command Int erface

The module supports automatic slave operation eliminating the need for an external control unit. The implemented transparent option enables the chip to handle incoming data raw, without the need for packaging in a special format. The device uses a fixed pin to block unallowed connections.

Acting as master, the application offers a simple but versatile command interface for standard Bluetooth operations such as inquiry, service discovery, and serial port connection. The firmware supports up to three slaves. Default L ink Policy settings and a specific master mode allow optimized configuration for the application specific requirements. See also Section "Integrated Firmware" on page 24.

www.nationa l.c om 14 R ev is io n 1.0

7.0 Functional Description (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

7.2 MEMORY

The LMX9820A includes 256KB of programmable Flash memory that can be used for code and constant data. It allows single-cycle read access from the CPU. In addition to storing all algorithms and firmware, the on-board Flash also contains the IEEE 802 compliant Media Access Controller (MAC) address (BDADDR). The firmware and the BDADDR are programmed by National Semiconductor or can be programmed by the customer either before assembly into the host system or in-system. Module firmware can also be updated during manufacturing or in-system using the ISP capabilities of the LMX9820A. The LMX9820A firmware uses the internal RAM for buffers and program variables.

7.3 CONTROL AND TRANSPORT PORT

The LMX9820A provides one Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART). It support s 8-bit data format s with or without parity and one or two stop bits. The baud rate is generated by hardware that is programmed at boot time. Alternatively, the speed and configuration settings can be read out of internal memory settings. The UART can operate at baud rates of 2.4k, 4.8k, 7.2k, 9.6k, 19.2k,

38.4k, 57.6k, 115.2k, 230.4k, 460.8k and 921.6k. It imple-

ments flow control logic (RTS, CTS) to provide hardware handshaking capability. The UART offers wakeup from the low-power modes through the multi-input wakeup module. UART logic thresholds are set via the IOVCC pin.

7.4 AUXILIARY PORTS

7.4.1 Reset_5100 and Reset_b#

Reset_5100 and Reset_b# are active low reset inputs for the baseband controller and digital smart radio portions of the LMX9820A, respectively. These pins are normally tied together and are connected to the host system so that the host can initialize the LMX9820A by asserting the reset inputs. Upon de- assertion, the stat us of the module operating environment (Env) pads are sampled and the LMX9820A enters the corr esponding operational mode.

7.4.2 Operating Environm ent Pads (Env0 and Env1)

The module provides two operating environments (see Table 17) selected by the states on the Env inputs sampled at reset.

The ISP mode allows end-of-line or field programming of the LMX9820A Flash memory by starting the baseband controller from the boot block of memory.

7.4.3 Interface Select Inputs (ISEL1, ISEL2)

The interface selection pads are used for setting the UART speed and settings. If ISEL1 and ISEL2 are unconnected, they are pulled high by weak internal pullups, which select a default baudrate of 921.6k baud. The settings for Stopbits, Startbit, and Parity are stored as internal non-volatile storage (NVS) parameters. If a baud rate different from the values listed in Table 18 is needed, ISEL 1 and ISEL2 must be pulled low. This forces the device to read the UART speed from the parameter table in NVS. The default baud rate value programmed in NVS is 9.6k baud, however the device firmware can be modified to support other values. The default configur ation i n NVS is 1 St opbit, 1 S t art bit, and No parity. Table 18 shows the ISEL1 and ISEL2 selection settings.

T able 18. UART Speed Selection

ISEL1

(Pad J13)

1 1 921.6k Fr om NV S 0 1 115.2k Fr om NV S 1 0 9.6k 1Stop, 1Start,

0 0 Check NVS From NVS

7.4.4 Module and LInk Status Outputs

The LMX9820A provides signals that the host can use to determine the real-time status of the radio link. The TX_Switch_P signal (pad H3) is a real-time indication of the current configuration (direction) of the transceiver. The link status lines (Lstat_0 and Lstat_1, pads E8 and F8, respectively) are GPIO lines controlled by the LMX9820A firmware. The Host Wakeup line (Host_wu, pad F9) is implemented using GPIO and firmware. It is used to bring the host processor out of Sleep mode when link activity calls for host processing. Host_wu can also be used by the host to check if link activity is present. If Host_wu is active, then link activity is present and the host loses network awareness if the operating system continues to allow the host processor to enter Sleep mode. Table 19 presents the definitions of t he various module and link status outputs.

T able 19. Module/Link Status Defini ti ons

ISEL2

(Pad H13)

Interface

Speed (baud)

UART

Settings

No Parity

T able 17. Operating Environments

Operating Environment

ISP Mode 1 0 Run (Normal) Mode (De-

fault)

Revision 1.0 15 www.national.com

Env1

(Pad B11)

Env0

(Pad E9)

Lstat_0

x 1 x x At least 1 SPP link es-

x 0 x x No active SPP link x x 1 x Transceiver = Transmit x x 0 x Transceiver = Receive x x x 0 Host can Sleep x x x 1 Wakeup host/host

Lstat_1

(Pad E8)

(Pad F8)

(Pad H3)

TX_Switch_P

(Pad F9)

Host_wu

tablished

should not Sleep

Mode

7.0 Functional Description (Continued)

7.5 AUDIO PORT

Advanced Audio Interface

The Advanced Audio Interface (AAI) is an advanced version of the Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) that provides a full-duplex communications port to a variety of industry-standard 13/14/15/16-bit linear or 8-bit log PCM codecs, DSPs, and other serial audio devices.

T able 20. Audio Path Configurati on

Audio Path Format AAI Bit Clock AAI Frame Clock

Motorola MC145483

OKI MSM7717

1. Due to internal clock di vider limitation s, the optimum of 512 kHz, 8 kHz cannot be reached. The values are set to the

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

best possible values. The clock mismatch does not result in any discernible loss in audio qualit y.

13-bit linear 480 kHz 8 kHz 13 bits

8-bit log PCM

(A-law only)

The LMX9820A allows the support for one codec. The firmware selects the desired audio path and interface configuration by a parameter stored in NVS. The audio path options include the Motorola MC145483 codec, the OKI MSM7717 codec through the AAI, or no audio.

Table 20 summari zes the audio path se lection and the configuration of the audio interface at the specific mode.

AAI Frame Sync

Pulse Length

120 kHz 8 kHz 14 bits

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8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

8.0 Digital Smart Radio

8.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The integrated Digital Smart Radio uses a heterodyne receiver architecture with a low intermediate frequency (2 MHz), such that t he int ermedi ate frequ ency filte rs can be i ntegrated on-chip. The receiver consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA) followed by two mixers. The intermediate frequency signal processing blocks consist of a poly-phase bandpass filter (BPF), two hard limiters (LIM), a frequency discriminator (DET), and a post-detection filter (PDF). The received signal level is detected by a received signal strength indicator (RSSI).

The received frequency equals the local oscillator frequency (fLO) plus the inter m ediate frequency (fIF) :

fRF = fLO + fIF (supradyne). The radio includes a synthesizer consisting of a phase de-

tector, a charge pump, an (off-chip) loop filter, an RF frequency divider, and a voltage- controlled oscillator (VCO).

The transmitter uses IQ-modulation with bit-stream data that is gaussian filtered. Other blocks included in the transmitter are a VCO buffer and a power ampli fier (PA).

8.2 RECEIVER FRONT END

The receiver front end consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA) followed by t wo mixers an d two low-p ass fil ters for th e I- and Q-channels.

The intermediate frequency (IF) part of the receiver front end consists of two IF amplifiers that receive input signals from the mixers, delivering balanced I- and Q-signals to the poly-phase bandpass filter. The poly-phase bandpass filter is directly followed by two hard limiters that together generate an AD-converted RSSI signal.

8.2.1 Poly-Phase Bandpass Filt er

The purpose of the IF bandpass filter is to reject noise and spurious (mainly adjacent channel) interference that would otherwise enter the hard-limiting stage. In addition, it handles image reject ion.

The bandpass f il ter uses both the I- and Q-signals from the mixers. The out-of-band suppression should be higher than 40 dB (f < 1 MHz, f > 3 MHz). The bandpass filter is tuned over process spread and temperature variations by the autotuner circuitry. A 5th-order Butterworth filter is used.

8.2.2 Hard Limiter and RSSI

The I- and Q-outputs of the bandpass filter are each followed by a hard-limiter. The hard-limiter has its own reference current. The RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) repor ts the level of the RF input signal .

The RSSI is generated by piece-wise linear approximation of the level of the RF signal. The RSSI has a mV/dB scale, and an analog-to-digital converter for processing by the baseband circui t. T he input RF po wer is convert ed to a 5-bit value. The RSSI value i s then pr opor tion al to the i nput power (in dBm).

The digital output from the ADC is sampled on the BPKTCTL signal low-to-high tr ansition.

8.3 RECEIVER BACK END

The hard limiters are followed by two frequenc y discriminators. The I-frequency discriminator uses the 90 shifted signal from the Q-path, while the Q-discriminator uses the 90 phase bandpass filter performs the required phase shifting. The output signals of the I- and Q-discriminator are subtracted and filtered by a low-pass filter. An equalizer is added to improve the eye-p attern for 101010 patterns.

After equalizat ion, a dynamic AFC (automatic frequ ency offset compensation) circuit and slicer extract the RX_DATA from the analog data patt ern. The Eb/No of the demodulat or is approximately 17 dB.

8.3.1 Frequency Discri minator

The frequency discriminator gets its input signals from the limiter. A defined signal level (independent of the power supply volt age) i s needed t o obt ain the inp ut sig nal. Bot h inputs of the frequency discriminator have limiting circuits to optimize performance. The bandpass filter in the frequency discriminator is tuned by the autotuning circuitry.

8.3.2 Post-Detection Fi lt er and Equalizer

The output signals of the FM discriminator go through a post-detection filter followed by an equalizer. Bo th the postdetection filter and equalizer are tuned to the proper frequency by the autotuning circuitry. The post-detection filter is a low-p ass filter int ended to suppress all remaining spurious signals, suc h as the second harmoni c (4 MHz ) from the FM detector and noise generated after the limiter.

The post-detection filter also helps for attenuating the first adjacent channel signal. The equalizer improves the eyeopening for 101010 patterns. The post-detection filter is a third-order Butterworth filter.

phase-shifted signal from the I-path. A poly-

phase-

8.4 AUTOTUNING CIRCUITRY

The autotuning circuitry is used for tuning the bandpass filter, detector , post-detection filter , equalizer, and transm it filters for process and temperature variations. The circuitry includes offset compensation for the FM detector.

8.5 SYNTHESIZER

The synthesizer consists of a phase-frequency detector, a charge pump, a low-pass loop filter, a programmable frequency divider, a voltage-controlled osci ll ator (VCO), a delta-sigma modulator, and a lookup table.

The frequency divider consists of a divide-by-2 circuit (divides the 5 GHz signal from the VCO down to 2.5 GHz), a divide-by-8-or-9 divider, and a digital modulus control. The delta-sigma modulator controls the division ratio and also generates an input channel value to the lookup table.

8.5.1 Phase-Frequency Det ector

The phase-frequency detector is a 5-state phase-detector. It responds only to transitions, hence phase-error is inde-

Revision 1.0 17 www.national.com

8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

pendent of input waveform duty cycle or amplitude variations. Loop lockup occurs when all the negative transitions on the inputs, F_REF and F_MOD, coincide. Both outputs (i.e., Up and Down) then remain high. This is equal to the zero error mode. The phase-frequency detector input frequency range operates at 12 MHz.

8.6 TRANSMITTER CIRCUITRY

The transmitter consists of ROM tables, two Digital to Analog (DA) converters, two low-pass filters, IQ mixers, and a power amplifier (PA).

The ROM tables generate a digital IQ signal based on the transmit dat a. The output of the ROM tables is insert ed into IQ-DA converters and filtered through two low-pass filters. The two signal component s are mixed up to 2.5 GHz by the TX mixers and added together before being inserted into the trans m it PA.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

8.6.1 IQ-DA Converters and TX Mixers

The ROM output signals drive an I- and Q-DA converter. Two But terwor th low-p ass f ilter s fil ter t he DA output signal s. The 6 MHz clock for the DA converter s and the logi c circ uitry around the ROM tables are derived from the autotuner.

The TX mixers mix the balanced I- and Q -signals up to 2.4-

2.5 GHz. The output signals of the I- and Q-mixers are

summed.

8.7 CRYSTAL REQUIREMENTS

The LMX9820A includes a crystal driver circuit. This circuit operates with an external crystal and capacitors to form an oscillator. Figure 10 shows the recommended crystal ci rcuit. Table 24 on page 22 specifies system clock req uir em ents.

The RF local oscillator and internal digital clocks for the LMX9820A are derived from the reference clock at the CLK+ input. This reference may either come from an external clock or a dedicated crystal oscillator. The crystal oscillator connections require a crystal and two grounded capacitors.

onant frequency may be trimmed with the crystal load capacitance.

1. Load Capacit ance For resonance at the correct frequency, the crystal should

be loaded with its specified load capacitance, which is the value of capacitance used in conjunction with the crystal unit. Load capacitance is a parameter specified by the crystal, typically expressed in pF. The crystal circuit shown in Figure 11 on page 19 is composed of:

— C1 (motional capacitance) — R1 (motional resistance) — L1 (motional inductance) — C0 (static or shunt capacitance) The LMX9820A provides some of the load with internal

capacitors C nal capacitors and tuning capacitors labeled Ct1 and Ct2

. The remainder must come from the exter-

int

as shown in Figure 10. Ct1 and Ct2 should have the same the value for best noise performance.

The LMX9820A has an additional internal capacitance C

of 2.6 pF. Crystal load capacitance (CL) is calculated

TUNE

as: C

= C

+ C

int

The C capacitance C

above does not include the crystal internal self-

total capacitance is: C

= CL + C

total

+ Ct1/Ct2

TUNE

as shown in Figure 11 on page 19, so the

Based on the crystal specification and equati on:

= C

C C

+ C

int

= 8pF + 2.6pF + 6pF = 16.6pF

TUNE

+ Ct1//Ct2

16.6 pF is very close to the TEW crystal requirement of 16 pF load capacitance. With the internal shunt capacitance C

total

= 16.6pF + 5pF = 21.6pF

total

LMX9820A

CLK+ CLK-

int

It is important to consider board- and design-dependent capacitance in tuning the crystal circuit. The following

TUNE

equations allow a close approximation of th e required crystal tuning capacitance, but the actual values will vary with the capacitive properties of the board. As a result, there is some fine tuning of the crystal circuit which cannot be calculated, but must be determined experimentally by testing differen t val ues of load capacit ance.

Many different crystals can be used with the LMX9820A. A

Ct1

Crystal

Ct2

key requirement from the Bluetooth specification is 20 ppm. Additionally, ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) must be carefully considered. LMX9820A can support a maximum of 230Ω ESR, but it is recommended to stay < 100Ω ESR for best performance over v oltage and temper a-

Figure 10. LMX9820A Crystal Recommended

Circuit

ture. See Figure 14 on page 22 for ESR as part of the crystal circu it fo r more in fo rmation .

8.7.1 Crystal

The crystal appears inductive near its resonant frequency. It forms a resonant circuit with its load capacitors. The res-

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8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

R1 C1 L1

Figure 11. Crystal Equivalent Circuit

2. Crystal Pullability Pullability is another important parameter for a crystal,

which is the change in frequency of a crystal with units of ppm/pF, either from the natural resonant frequency to a load resonant frequency or from one load resonant frequency to another. The frequency can be pulled in a parallel resonant circuit by changing the value of load capacitance. A decrease in load capacitance causes an increase in frequency, and an increase in load capacitance causes a decrease in fr equency .

3. Frequency Tuning Frequency tuning is achieved by adjusting the crystal load

capacitance with external capacitors. It is a Bluetooth requirement that the frequency is always within 20 ppm. The crystal network or oscillator must have cumulative accuracy specifications of 15 ppm to provide margin for frequency drift wi th agi ng and temperature.

Revision 1.0 19 www.national.com

8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

TEW Crystal

The LMX9820A has been tested with the TEW TAS-4025A crystal, see Table 21 on page 20 for specification. Because the internal capacitance of the crystal circuit is 8 pF and the load capacitanc e is 16 pF, 12 pF is a good starting point for both Ct1 and Ct2. The 2480 MHz RF frequency offset is then tested. Figure 12 on page 21 shows the RF frequency of fset test results.

Figure 12 on page 21 shows the results are -20 kHz off the center frequency, which is -1 ppm. The pullability of the crystal is 2 ppm/pF, so the load capacitance must be decreased by about 1.0 pF. By changing Ct1 or Ct2 to 10 pF, the total load capacitance is decreased by 1.0 pF. Figure 13 on page 21 shows the frequency offset test resuts. The frequency offset is now zero with Ct1 = 10 pF, Ct2 = 10 pF.

Reference Table 22 on page 20 for crystal tuning values used on Austin Development Board with TEW crystal.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

T able 21. TEW TAS-4025A

Specification Value

Package 4.0 x 2.5 x 0.65 mm (4 pads) Frequency 12.000 MHz Mode Fundamental St ability >15 ppm @ -40 to +85°C C

Load Capacitance 16 pF

ESR 80Ω max. C

Shunt Capacitanc e 5 pF

Drive Level 50 ±10uV Pullabilit y 2 ppm/pF min St orage Temperature -40 to +85°C

Table 22. TEW on Arizona Board

Reference LMX9820A

Ct1 10 pF Ct2 10 pF

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8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

Figure 12. Frequency Offset with 12 pF/12 pF Capacitors

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 13. Frequency Offset with 10 pF/10 pF Capacitors

8.7.2 TCXO (Temperature Compensated Crystal

Oscillator)

The LMX9820A also can operate with an external TCXO (Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator). The TCXO signal is direct ly connected to the CLK+, shown in Table 23 on page 21.

1. Input Imp edance

The LMX9820A CLK+ pin has in input impedance of 2 pF capacitance in parallel with >400kΩ resistance.

2. NKG3184A TCXO

The LMX9820A has also been tested with the NKG3184A TCXO. See Table 23 on page 21.

T able 23. TCXO NKG3184A

Specification Value

Package 5.0 x 3.2 x 1.4 mm (4 pads) Frequency 12.000 MHz Stability 18 ppm at -30 to +85°C

(inclusive of all conditions) Output Load 10kΩ/13 pF Current Consumption 2.0 mA Output Level 0.3Vp-p to 2.0Vp-p Storage Temperature -40 to +85°C DC Cut Capacitor Included in VC-TCXO

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8.0 Digital Smart Radio (Continued)

8.7.3 ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance)

LMX9820A can operate with a wide range of crystals with different ESR ratings. Reference Table 24 on page 22 and Figure 14 on page 22 for more details.

Ta ble 24. System Clock Requireme nts

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit

External Reference Clock Frequency 12 MHz MHz Frequency Tolerance (over full operating temperature and aging) 15 20 ppm Crystal Serial Resistanc e 230 Ω External Reference Clock Power Swing, pk to pk 100 200 400 mV Aging 1ppm

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

per

year

Figure 14. ESR vs. Load Capacitance for the Crystal

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9.0 System Power-Up Sequence (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

9.0 System Power-Up Sequence

The following sequence must be performed to correctly power-up the LMX9820A:

1. Apply IOVCC and VCC to the LMX9820A.

VCC

IOVCC

Reset_b#

Reset_5100

BBP_CLOCK

TX_RX_DATA

TX_RX_SYNC

CCB_DATA

CCB_CLOCK

Low

PTOR

Low

High

Low

2. Reset_b# and Reset_5100# of the LMX9820A are d riven high a minimum of 2 ms after the LMX9820A voltage rails are high. The LMX9820A i s the properly reset.

See Table 25 on page 23.

CCB_LATCH

High

LMX9820A

Oscillator

Start-Up

Power-Up Mode

LMX9820A in

LMX9820A

Initialization

Standby Active

LMX9820A

Initialization

LMX9820A in Normal Mode

Figure 15. LMX9820A System Power-Up Sequence Timing

Table 25. LMX9820A System Power-up Sequence Timing

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit

PTOR

Power to Reset VCC and IO

at operating

VCC

2ms

voltage le ve l to va li d res e t

Revision 1.0 23 www.national.com

10.0 Integrated Firmware (Continued)

10.0 Integrated Firmwar e

The LMX9820A includes the full Bluetooth protocol stack up to RFComm to support the following profiles:

— GAP (Generic Access Profile) — SDAP (Service Discovery Application Profile) — SPP (Serial Port Profile) Figure 16 shows the Bluetooth protocol stack with com-

mand interpreter interface. The command interpreter offers a number of different commands to support the functionality given by the different profiles. Execution and interface timing is handled by the control application.

The chip has an internal data area in Flash that includes the parameters shown in Table 26 on page 25.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Command Interpreter

Control Application

SPP

RFComm

L2CAP

Link Manager

Baseband

Figure 16. LMX9820A Software Implementation

10.1 FEATURES

10.1.1 Operation Modes

On boot-up, the application configures the module following the parameter s in the data area.

Automatic Mode No Default Connections Stor ed

In Automatic mode the module is connectable and discoverable and automatically answers to service requests. The command interpreter listens to commands and links can be set up. The full command list is supported.

If connected by another device, the module sends an event back to the host, where the RFComm port has been connected, and switch es to t ransparent mode.

Default Connections Stored

If default connections were stored on a previous session, after th e LM X982 0A is res et, it w ill at temp t to reconnect to each device stored within the data Flash three times. The host will be notified about the success of the link setup via a link status event.

Command Mode

In Command mode, the LMX9820A does not check the default connections section within the Data Flash. If con-

SDAP

GAP

SDP

nected by another device, it will not switch to transparent mode and continue to interpret data sent on the UART.

Transparent Mode

The LMX9820A supports transparent data communication from the UART interface to a Bluetooth link.

If activated, the module does not interpret the commands on the UART which normally are used to configure and control the module. In this case, the packets do not need to be formatted as described in Table 28 on page 27. Instead, all data are directly passed through the firmware to the active Bluetooth link and the remote device.

Transparent mode can only be supported on a point-topoint connection. To leave Transparent mode, the host must send a UART_BREAK signal to the mod ule

Force Master Mode

In Force Master mode, the LMX9820A tries to act like an Access point for multiple connections. In this mode, it will only accept a link if a master/slave role switch is accepted by the connecting device. After successful link establishment, the LMX9820A will be master and available for additional incoming links. On the first incoming link the LMX9820A may switch to transparent mode, depending on the setting for automatic or command mode. Additional links will o nly be p ossib le if the d evice is not in tran spare nt mode.

10.1.2 Default Connections

The LMX9820A supports the st orage of up to 3 default connections within its NVS. Those connections can either be connected after reset or on demand using a specific command.

10.1.3 Event Filter

The LMX9820A uses events or indicators to notify the host about successful commands or changes on the Bluetooth interface. Depending on the application, the LMX9820A can be configured. The fol lowing levels are define d:

• No Events—the LMX9820A is not reporting any eve nts.

Optimized for pas sive cable replacement solutions.

• Standard LMX9820A Events—only necessary events

will be reported.

• All Events—additional to the st andard all changes at the

physical layer wil l be r eported.

10.1.4 Default Link Policy

Each Bluetooth link can be configured to support master/slave role switch, Hold mode, Sniff mode, and Park mode. The default link policy defines the standard setting for incoming and outgoing connections.

10.1.5 Audio Support

The LMX9820A offers commands to establish and release synchronous connections (SCO) to support Headset or Handsfree applications. The firmware supports one active link with all available package types (HV1, HV2, HV3), for routing audio data between the Bluetooth link and the advanced audio interface. To provide the analog data interface, an external audio codec is required. The LMX9820A includes a list of codecs which can be used.

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10.0 Integrated Firmware (Continued)

T able 26. Operation Param eters Stored in LMX9820A

Parameter Default Value Description

BDADDR (Hardcoded into device) Bluetooth device address Local Name Serial port device PinCode 0000 Bluetooth PinCode Operation Mode Automatic Command or Automatic mode Default Connections 0 Up to three default devi ces to connect on default SDP Database 1 SPP entry:

UART Speed 9600 Sets the s peed of the physica l UART in terfa ce to t he

UART Settings 1 Stop bit, parity disabled Par ity and stop bits on the hardware UART interface Ports to Open 0000 0001 Defines the RFComm ports to open Link Keys No link keys Link keys for paired devices Security Mode 2 Security mode Page Scan Mode Connectable Connectable/Not connectable for othe r devi ces Inquiry Scan Mode Discoverable Discoverable/Not Discove rable/Limited Discoverable

Default Link Policy All modes allowed Configures modes allowed for incoming or outgoin g

Default Link Timeout 20 seconds The Default Link Timeout configures the timeout, af-

Event Filter Standard LMX9820A events reported Defines the level of reporting on the UART

Default Audio Settings

Name: COM1 Authentication and encryption enabled

None Configures the settings for the external codec and

Service disco very database, control for supported profiles

host

for other devices

connections (master/slave role switch, Hold mode, Sniff mode, Park mode)

ter which the link i s assume d lost, if no packages have been received from the remote device.

- No event s

- Standard events

- Standard including ACL link events

the air interfa ce for m at.

• Codecs:

— Motorola MC145483 — OKI MSM7717

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

• Air format:

— CVSD — µ-Law —A-Law

Revision 1.0 25 www.national.com

11.0 Power Reduction (Continued)

11.0 Power Reduction

The LMX9820A supports several low-power modes to reduce power in di fferent operati ng situations. The modular structure of the LMX9820A allows the firmware to power down unused modules.

The low-power modes have influence on:

• UART transport l ayer—enables or disables the in ter- face.

• Bluetooth Baseband activity—firmware disables LLC and radio, if possible.

11.1 LOW POWER MODES

The following LMX9820A power modes, which depend on the activity level of the UART transport layer and the radio activity, are defined:

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

The activity of the Bluetoot h radio mainly depen ds on application requirements and is controlled by standard Bluetooth operations such as inquiry/page scanning or an active link. A r em ote device establishing or disconnecting a link may also indirectly change the activity level of the radio.

The UART transport layer by default is enabled on device power up. The “Disable Transport Layer” command is used to disable the transport layer. Therefore, only the host-side command interface can disable the transport layer. Enabling the transport layer is controlled by the hardware wake-up signalling. This can be initiated from either the host or an LMX9820A input. See also “LMX9820A Software Users Guide” for detailed information on timing and implementati on requirements.

Table 27. Power Mode Activity

Power

Mode

UART

Bluetooth

Radio

Reference

PM0 Off Off None PM1 On Off 12 MHz PM2 Off Scanning 12 MHz PM3 On Scanni ng 12 MHz PM4 Off SPP Link 12 MHz PM5 On SPP Link 12 MHz

11.2 UART TRANSPORT LA YER CONTROL

11.2.1 Hardware Wake-Up Functionalit y

In some circumstances, the host may switch off the transport layer of the LMX9820A to reduce power consumption. The host and LMX9820A then may shut down their UART interfaces.

To simplify the system design, the UART interface is configured for hardware wake-up functionality. For a detailed timing and command functionality, see the “LMX9820A Software Users Gui de”.

The interface between the host and LMX9820A i s shown in Figure 17.

Clock

LMX9820A

RTS#

CTS#

Host_WU

RTS# CTS# TX RX

GPIO

(optional)

Host

Figure 17. UART Null Modem Connections

11.2.2 Disabling the UART Transport Layer

The host can disable the UART transport layer by sending the “Disable Transport Layer” Command. The LMX9820A will empty its buffers, send the confirmation event, and disable its UART interface. The UART interface will then be reconfigured to wake up the LMX9820A on a falling edge of the CTS pin.

11.2.3 LMX9820A Enabling the UART Interface

Because the transport layer can be disabled in any situation, the LMX9820A must verify that the transport layer is enabled before sending data to the host. Possible situations in which the LMX9820A will need to re-enable the interface include incoming data or incoming link indicators. If the UART is not enabled, the LMX9820A must assume that the host is in a low-power mode and initiate a wake-up event by asserting RTS and setting HOST_WU to 1. To be able to respond to the wake-up event, the host must monitor its CTS input (i.e. the LMX9820A RTS output).

As soon as the host activates its RTS output (i.e. the LMX9820A CTS inpu t) , the LMX9820A wil l first send a c onfirmation even t and th en start to transmit the events.

11.2.4 Enabling the UART Transport Layer fr om Host

If the host needs to send data or commands to the LMX9820A while the UART transport layer is disabled, it must first assume that the LMX9820A is sleeping and wake it up by asserting the host RTS output (i.e. the LMX9820A CTS input).

When the LMX9820A detects the wake-up signal, it enables the UART and acknowledges the wake-up signal by asserting its RTS output and HOST_WU signal. Additionally, the wake-up event will be acknowledged by sending a confirmation event. When the host has received this “Transport Layer Enabled” event, it knows the LMX9820A is ready to receive commands.

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12.0 Command Interface (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

12.0 Command Interfac e

The LMX9820A offers Bluetooth functionality through either a self-contained slave functionality or a simple command interface. The interface is carried over the UART interface.

The following sections describe the protocol on the UART interface between the LMX9820A and the host in command mode (see Figure 18). In Transparent mode, no data framing is necessary and the device does not interpret data carried over the interface as commands.

12.1 FR AMING

The connection is considered “Error free”. But for packet recognition and synchronization, some framing is used.

All packet s sent in both directions are constructed followin g the model shown in Table 28.

12.1.1 Start and End Delimiters

The “STX” character is used as the start delimiter: STX = 0x02. ETX = 0x03 is used as the end delimiter.

LMX9820A

12.1.2 Packet Type ID

This byte identifies the type of packet. See Table 29 for details.

12.1.3 Opcode

The opcode identifies the command to execute. The opcode values can be found within the “LMX9820A Software User’s Guide” included with the LMX9820A Evaluation Board.

12.1.4 Data Length

Number of bytes in the Packet Data field. The maximum size is 333 data byt es per packet.

12.1.5 Checksum

This is a simple Block Check Character (BCC) checksum of the bytes “Packet type”, “Opcode”, and “Data Length”. The BCC checksum is calculated as low byte of the sum of all bytes (e.g., if the sum of all bytes is 0x3724, the checksum is 0x24).

Existing device

without Bluetooth™

capabilities

UART

Figure 18. Bluetooth Functionality

Table 28. Packet Framing

Start

Delimiter

Packet

Type ID

Opcode Data Length Checksum Packet Data

1 Byte 1 Byte 1 Byte 2 Bytes 1 Byte <Data Length> Bytes 1 Byte

- - - - - - - - - - - - - Checksum - - - - - - - - - - - - -

T able 29. Packet Type Identi fi cation

ID Direction Description

0x52 ‘R’

0x43 ‘C’

0x69 ‘i’

0x72 ‘r’

REQUEST (REQ)

Confirm (CFM)

Indication (IND)

Response (RES)

A request sent to the Blueto oth module. All requests are answered by exactly one confirm.

The Bluetooth modules confirm to a request. All requests are answered by exactly one confirm.

Information sent from the Bluetooth module that is not a direct confirm to a request. Indicating status changes, incoming links, or unrequested events.

An optional response to an in dication. This is used to respond to some type of indication message.

End

Delimiter

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12.0 Command Interface (Continued)

12.2 COMMAND SET OVERVIEW

The LMX9820A has a well-defined command set to:

• Configure the devi ce:

– Hardware settin gs – Local Bluetooth parameters – Service database

• Set up and handle links

T able 30. Device Discovery Commands

Command Event Description

Inquiry Inquiry Complete Search for devices

Device Found Lists BDADDR and class of device

Remote Device Name Remote Device Name Confirm Get name of remote device

Tables 30 through 40 show the actual command set and the events coming back from the device. A fully documented description of the commands can be found in the “LMX9820A Software Users G uide”.

Note: For standard Bluetooth operation, only commands from Table 30 through Table 32 are used. Most of the remaining commands are onl y for configuration pur poses.

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Ta ble 31. SDAP Client Commands

Command Event Description

SDAP Connect SDAP Connect Confirm Create an SDP connection to remote device SDAP Disconnect SDAP Disconnect Confirm Disco nnect an active SDAP link

Connection Lost Notification for lost SDAP link SDAP Service Browse Service Browse Confirm Get the services of the remote device SDAP Service Search SDAP Service Search Confirm Search a specific ser vice on a remote device SDAP Attribute Request SDAP Attribute Request Confirm Searches for services with specific attributes

Table 32. SPP Link Commands

Command Event Description

Establish SPP Link Establishing SPP Link Confirm Initiates link establ ishment to a remote device

Link Established Link successfu ll y established

Incoming Link A remote device established a link to the local

device

Set Link Timeout Set Link Timeout Confirm Confirms the supervision tim eout for the ex-

Get Link Timeout Get Link Timeout Confirm Get the supervision timeout for the existing

Release SPP Link Release SPP Link Confirm Initiate release of SPP link SPP Send Data SPP Send Data Confirm Send data to specific SPP port

Incoming Data Incoming data from remote device Transparent Mode Transparent Mode Confirm Switch to transparent mode on the UART

T able 33. Default Connection Commands

Command Event Description

Connect Default Connecti on Connect Default Connection Confi rm Connects to either one or all st ored default

Store Default Connection Store Default Connection Confirm Store device as default connection Get List of Default Connections Delete Default Connect ions Delete Default Connections Confirm

List of Default Devices

isting link

link

connections

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12.0 Command Interface (Continued)

T able 34. Power Mode Commands

Command Event Description

Set Default Link Policy Set Default Link Policy Confirm Defines the link policy used for any incoming

or outgoing link. Get Default Link Polic y Get Default Link Policy Confirm Returns the stored default link policy Set Link Policy Set Link Pol icy Confirm Defines the modes allowed for a specifi c li nk Get Link Policy Get Link Policy Confirm Returns the actual link poli cy for the link Enter Sniff Mode Enter Sniff Mode Confirm Exit Sniff Mode Exit Sniff Mode Confirm Enter Park Mode Enter Park Mode Confirm Enter Hold Mode Enter Hold Mode Confirm

Power Save Mode Changed Remote device changed the power save

mode on the link

Table 35. Audio Control Commands

Command Event Description

Establish SCO Link Establish SCO Link Confirm Establish SCO link on existing RFComm

link

Release SCO Link Release SCO Link Confirm Release SCO link

SCO Link Established Indicator A remote device has established a SCO

link to the local device

SCO Link Released Indicator SCO link has been released

Change SCO Packet Type Change SCO Packet Type Confirm Changes packet type for existing SCO link

SCO Packet Type changed indicator SCO packet type has been changed Set Audio Settings Set Audio Settings Confi rm Set audio settings for existing lin k Get Audio Settings Get Audio Settings Confirm Get audio setting s for existing link Set Volume Set Volume Confirm Configure the volume Get Volume Get Volume Confirm Get current volume setting Mute Mute Confi rm Mutes the microphone input

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

T able 36. Wake Up Function Commands

Command Event Description

Disable Transport Layer Transport Layer Enabled Disabling the UART transport la yer and

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activates the hardware wake-up function

12.0 Command Interface (Continued)

T able 37. SPP Port Configuration and Status Commands

Command Event Description

Set Port Config Set Port Config Confirm Set port setting for th e “virtua l” ser ial po rt link

over the air

Get Port Config Get Port Config Confirm Read the actual port settings for a “virtual”

Port Config Changed Notification if port settings were changed

SPP Get Port Status SPP Get Port Status Confi rm Retur ns status of DTR and RTS (for the ac-

SPP Port Set DTR SPP Port Set DTR Confirm Sets the DTR bit on the specified link SPP Port Set RTS SPP Port Set RTS Confirm Sets the RTS bit on the specified link

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

SPP Port BREAK SPP Port BREAK Indicates that the host has detected a break SPP Port Overrun Error SPP Port Overrun Error Confirm Used to indicate that the host has detect ed an

SPP Port Parity Error SPP Port Parity Error Confirm Host has detected a parity error SPP Port Framing Error SPP Port Framing Error Confirm Host has detected a framing err or

SPP Port Status Changed Indicates that remote device has changed

serial port

from remote device

tive RFComm link)

overrun error

one of the port status bi ts

T able 38. Local Settings Commands

Command Event Description

Read Local Name Read Local Name Confirm Read user-f ri endly name of the device Write Local Name Write Local Name Confirm Set the user-friendly name of the device Read Local BDADDR Read Local BDADDR Confirm Change Local BDADDR Change Local BDADDR Confirm Note: Only use if you have your own

BDADDR pool Store Class of Device Store Class of Device Confirm Set Scan Mode Set Scan Mode Confirm Change mode for discoverability and

Set Scan Mode Indication Reports end of automatic limited

Get Fixed Pin Get Fixed Pin Confirm Reads current PinCode stored within the

Set Fixed Pin Set Fixed Pin Confirm Set the local PinCode Get Security Mode Get Security Mode Confirm Get actual Security mode Set Security Mode Set Security Mode Confirm Configure Security mode for local device

Remove Pairing Remove Pai ri ng Confirm Remove pairing with a remote device List Paired Devices List of Paired Devices Get list of paired devices stored in the

Set Default Link Timeout Set Default Link Timeout Confirm Store default link supervision timeout Get Default Link Timeout Get Default Link Ti me out Confirm Get stored defaul t link supervision timeout Force Master Role Force Master Role Confirm Enables/Disables the request for master role

connectability

discoverabl e mo de

device

(default 2)

LMX9820A data memory

at incoming connec tions

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12.0 Command Interface (Continued)

T able 39. Local Service Database Configurat ion Comma nds

Command Event Description

Store SPP Record Store SPP Record Confirm Create a new SPP record within the service

database

Store DUN Record Store DUN Record Confirm Create a new DUN record within the service

database

Store FAX Record Store FAX Record Confirm Create a new FAX record within the service

database

Store OPP Record Store OPP Record Confirm Create a new OPP record within the service

database

Store FTP Record Store FTP Record Confirm Create a new FTP recor d wit hin the service

database

Store IrMCSync Record Store IrMCSync Record Confi rm Creat e a new IrMCSync record within the ser-

vice database Enable SDP Record Enable SDP Record Confirm Enable or disable SDP records Delete All SDP Records Delete All SDP Records Confir m Ports to Open Ports to Open Confirmed Specify the RFCom m Ports to open on

startup

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Table 40. Local Hardware Commands

Command Event Description

Set Default Audio Settings Set Default Audio Settings Confirm Configure default settings for audio codec

Get Default Audio Settings Get Default Audio Settings Confirm Get stored default audio settings Set Event Filter Set Event Filter Confirm Configures the reporti ng level of the

Get Event Filter Get Event Filter Confirm Get the status of the reporting level Read RSSI Read RSSI Confirm Returns an indicator for the incoming signal

Change UART Speed Change UART Speed Confirm Set specific UART speed; needs proper ISEL

Change UART Settings Change UART Sett ings Confirm Change configurati on for parity and stop bits Test Mode Test Mode Confirm Enable Bluetooth, EMI test, or local loopback Restore Factory Setti ngs Restore Factory Settings Confirm Reset Dongle Ready Soft reset Firmware Upgrade Stops the Bluetoo th f ir m wa re and executes

and air format, stored in NVS

command interface

strength

pin setting

the in-system programming code

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13.0 Usage Scenarios (Continued)

13.0 Usage Scenarios

13.1 SCENARIO 1: POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION

LMX9820A acts only as slave, no further configuration is required.

Example: Sensor with LMX9820A; hand-held device with standard Bluetooth option.

Sensor Device

UART

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Inquiry Request

Inquiry Response

SDP Link Request

SDP Link Accept

Service Browse

Service Response

The SPP conformance of the LMX9820A allows any device using the SPP to connect to the LMX9820A.

By switching to transparent mode automatically, the controller has no need for an additional protocol layer; data is sent raw to the other Bluetooth device.

On default, a PinCode is requested to block unallowed targeting.

Air Interface

Standard Device

with Bluetooth

Search for Devices

Get Remote Services

Connected

on Port L

Microcontroller

No Bluetooth commands necessary,

only “connected” event indicated to controller.

Figure 19. Point-to-Point Connection

Release SDP Link

Release Confirm

SPP Link Request

SPP Link Accept

Transparent Mode

Raw Data

LMX9820A

Establish SPP Link

Link Established

The client software only shows high level functions.

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13.0 Usage Scenarios (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

13.2 SCENARIO 2: AUTOMA TIC POINT -TO-POINT CONNECTION

LMX9820A at both sides. Example: Serial Cable Repla cement. Device #1 controls the link setup with a few commands as

described.

Serial Device #1

1. Devices in Range?

Inquiry

Inquiry Result

2. Choose the Device

3. Which COM Port is available?

Establish SDP Link

SDP Link Established

Service Browse

RFComm Port = R

Inquiry

Inquiry Result

Establish SDP Link

SDP Link Established

Service Browse

Browse Result

If step 5 i s executed, the stored default device is connected (step 4) after reset (in automatic mode only) or by sending the “Connect to Default Device” command. The command can be sent to the device at any ti m e.

If step 6 is left out, the microcontrol ler has to use the “Send Data” command, instead of sending data directly to the module.

Serial Device #2

Air

Interface

Inquiry Request

Inquiry Response

SDP Link Request

SDP Link Accept

Service Browse

Service Response

Release SDP Link

SDP Link Released

4. Create SPP Link

Establish SPP Link

to Port R1 on Port L2

Connected on Port L

5. Connect on Default

(Optional)

Store Default Device

Device Stored

6. Switch to Transparent

Transparent Mode

Microcontroller

Bluetooth device controls link with

a few commands.

Release SDP Link

SDP Link Released

Establish SPP Link to Port R on Port L

Link Established

Storing Default Device

Device Stored

Transparent Mode

LMX9820A

Raw Data

Release SDP Link

Release Confirm

SPP Link Request

SPP Link Accept

Transparent Mode

LMX9820A

No Bluetooth commands necessary;

only “connected” event indicated to controller.

Connected

on Port R

Microcontroller

1. Port R indicates the remote RFComm channel to connect to. Usually the result of the SDP request.

2. Port L indicates th e Local RFComm channel used for that connection.

Figure 20. Automatic Point-to-Point Connection

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13.0 Usage Scenarios (Continued)

13.3 SCENARIO 3: POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT CONNECTION

LMX9820A acts as maste r for several slaves. Example: Two sensors with LMX9820A; one hand-held

master device with LMX9820A. Serial Devices #2 and #3 establish the link automatically as

soon as they are contacted by another device. No controller interacti on is necessary for setting up the Bluetooth link. Both switch automatically into transparent mode. The host sends raw data over the UART.

Serial Device #1

Connect to Device #2

Link Established

Send Data Command

Receive Data Event

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Connect to Device #2

see Scenario 2 see Scenario 2

Link Established

on Port L1

Send Data to Port L1

Data Received

from Port L1

Serial Device #1 is acting as master for both devices. The host control s which device i s sending data, using the “Send data” command. If the device receives data from the other devices, it is packaged into an “Incoming data” event. The event includes th e device related port number.

If necessary, a link configuration can be stored as default in the master Serial Device #1 to enable the automati c reconnect after reset, power-up, or by sending the “connect default connect ion” command.

Air

Interface

Serial Device #2

Connection Request

Automatic Link Setup

Transparent Mode

Raw Data

LMX9820A

Connected

on Port L

Microcontroller

Connect to Device #3Connect to Device #3

see Scenario 2 see Scenario 2

Link Established

on Port L2

Send Data to Port L2

Data Received

from Port L2

Microcontroller

Link Established

Send Data Command

Receive Data Event

LMX9820A

Figure 21. Point-to-Multipoint Connection

Serial Device #3

Connection Request

Automatic Link Setup

Transparent Mode

Raw Data

LMX9820A

Connected on Port L

Microcontroller

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14.0 Application Information (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

14.0 Application Information

Figure 22 on page 35 represents a typical system schematic for the LMX9820A.

14.1 MATCHING NETWORK

The antenna matching network may or may not be required, depending upon the impedance of the antenna chosen. A 6.8 pF blocking capacitor is recommended.

14.2 FILTERED POWER SUPPLY

It is important to provide the LMX9820A with adequate ground planes and a filtered power supply. It is highly recommended that a 0.1 µF and a 10 pF bypass capacitor be placed as close as possible to VCC (pad H2) on the LMX9820A.

14.3 HOST INTERFACE

To set the logic thresholds of the LMX9820A to match the host system, IOVCC (pad H12) must be connected to the logic power supply of the host system. It is highly recommended that a 10 pF bypass capacitor be placed as close as possible to the IOVCC pad on the LMX9820A.

VCC

10 pF 0.01 µF

IOVCC

10 pF 0.01 µF

ISEL2 (pad H13) and ISEL1 (pad J13) can be strapped to the host logic 0 and 1 levels to set the host interface bootup configuration. Alternatively both ISEL2 and ISEL1 can be hardwired over 10kΩ pullup/pulldown resistors. Env0 (pad E9) and Env1 (pad B11) can be left unconnected (both are pulled high), if no ISP capability is required. If the ISP environment mode is needed, then Env0 must be driven to logic low and Reset needs to be asserted. After de-a sserti on of Reset, the LMX9820A boots into the mode corresponding to the values present on Env0 and Env1. Alternatively, a firmware upgrade command can be used.

14.4 CLOCK INPUT

The clock source must be placed as close as possible to the LMX9820A. The quality of the radio performance is directly related to the quality of the clock source connected to the oscillator port on the LMX9820A. Careful attention must be paid to the crystal/oscillator parameters or radio performance could be drastically reduced.

14.5 SCHEMATIC AND LAY OUT EXAMPLES

B1 Antenna

Ct1 Ct2

Connect to PCM codec or leave open

6.8 pF

12 MHz

B13

B10 B12 C11

C12

RF_inout

32kHz_CLKI

Clk+

Clk-

AAI_srd AAI_std AAI_sfs

AAI_sclk

RF GND

H12

Dig_gnd[1:2]

D12, G11

LMX9820A

Uart_rx Uart_tx

Uart_cts

Uart_rts

Reset_5100

Reset_b

Env0 Env1

ISEL1

ISEL2

J13

H13

Notes: Capacitor values, Ct1 and Ct2 may vary depending on board design crystal manufacturer specification. Single ground plane is used for both RF and digit al grounds.

C9 D9 D10 C10

D11 G8

E9 B11

VCC

Connect to system UART bus.

No HW Flowcontrol:

- CTS GND

- RTS NC

Reference Table 25 on page 23

max

for correct POR

1KΩ

timing.

Reference Table 17 on page 15.

Reference Table 18 on page 15.

Figure 22. Example System Schematic

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14.0 Application Information (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 23. Component Placement (Layer 1)

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14.0 Application Information (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 24. Solid Ground Plane (Layer 2)

Figure 25. Signal Plane (Layer 3)

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14.0 Application Information (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Figure 26. Component Layout Bottom (Layer 4)

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15.0 Soldering (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

15.0 Soldering

The LMX9820A bumps are designed to melt as part of the Surface Mount Assembly (SMA) process. The LMX9820A is assembled with a high-temperature solder alloy to ensure there are no re-reflow conditions imposed upon the module when reflowed to a PCB with these typical low temperature 60/40 (S = 183°C, L = 188°C), 62/36/2 (E = 179°C), or 63/37 (E = 183°C) solder alloys.

Where:

• S: Solidus – Denotes the points in a phase diagram representing

the temperature at which the solder composition begins to melt during heating, or complete fr eezing during cooling.

• L: Liquidus – Denotes the points in a phase diagram representing

Table 41. Soldering Details

Parameter Value

PCB Land Pad Diameter 24 mil PCB Solder Mask Opening 30 mil PCB Finish (HASL details) 63/37 (difference in thickness < 28 micron) Stencil Aperture 28 mil Stencil Thickness 5 mil Solder Paste Used Low temperature 60/40 (S = 183°C, L = 188°C),

Flux Cleaning Process Reflow Profiles See Figure 27 on page 40

the temperature at which the solder has molten components. The temperat ure that melting starts at.

• E: Eutectic – Denotes solid to liquid without a plastic phase.

The low-temperature solder alloy will reflow with the solder bump and provide the maximum allowable solder-joint reliability.

Reflow at a peak of 215 --> 220°C (approximately 30 seconds at peak). Do not to exceed 220°C, measured in close proximity of the modules. to avoid any potential re-reflow conditions.

Table 41 and Figure 27 on page 40 provide the soldering details required to properly solder the LMX9820A to standard PCBs. The illustration serves only as a guide and National is not liable if a selected profile does not work.

62/36/2 (E = 179°C),

or 63/37 (E = 183°C) solder alloys

No Clean Flux System

1. Typically defined by customer.

Revision 1.0 39 www.national.com

15.0 Soldering (Continued)

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Max.

Profile #

1 213.9 32.8 2.50 -1.60 208.01 109.00 99.01 57.00 75.00 2 206.7 31.1 2.41 -1.73 213.01 121.01 92.00 53.00 64.00

Peak

(°C)

Min.

(°C)

Rising

Slope (°C/s)

Max.

Falling

Slope (°C/s)

Figure 27. Typical Reflow Profiles

Rising

Time

130°C (s)

Time

Between

130°C/

160°C (s)

Rising

Time

160°C (s)

Time

Between

160°C/

183°C (s)

Total Time

Above

183°C (s)

www.nationa l.c om 40 R ev is io n 1.0

16.0 Physical Dimensions (Continued)

16.0 Physical Dimensions

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

NOTES:

P AD PITCH IS 1.00 MILLI METER (.0 394”) NON-ACCUMULATIVE.

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETER. TOLERANCE, UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:

TWO PLACE (.00): ±.01 THREE PLACE (.000): ±.002 ANGULAR: ±1°

Figure 28. FR4 Package

Revision 1.0 41 www.national.com

17.0 Datasheet Revision History (Continued)

17.0 Datasheet Revision History

This section is a report of the revision/creation process of the datasheet for the LMX9820A. Table 42 provides the

Table 42. Documentation Status Definitions

Datasheet Status Product Status Defini tion

Advance Informati on Formati ve or in Design This datasheet contains the design specifi cations for product de-

velopment. Specifications may change in any manner without notice.

Preliminary First Production This datasheet contai ns preliminary dat a. Supplementary data wi ll

be published at a later dat e. Nati onal Semic onduc tor Corpora tion reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product.S

No Identificati on Noted Full production This datasheet contains final specifications. National Semicon-

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Obsolete Not in Production This da tasheet cont ains specifi cations on a pr oduct that ha s been

ductor Corpora tion reserves the ri ght to make changes at any time without notice in orde r to i mprov e design a nd sup ply th e best pos sible product .

discontinu ed by Nati onal Semiconductor Corp orat ion. The datasheet is printed for reference information only.

stages/definitions of the datasheet. Table 43 lists the revision history and Table 44 lists the specific edits to create the current revision.

Table 43. Revision History

Revision #

(PDF Date)

0.4 (April 2003) Initial Datasheet revised to include new radio and additional functionality. Several edits have been made to functional, performance, and electrical details.

0.6 (February 2004 ) Updated RF performance values Added 32 kHz frequency support.

0.7 (August 2004) Updated General Descript ion and Features with Audio Updated Pinout Informat ion Added Audio Section Updated Command Section with audio commands

0.71 (August 2004) Reviewed Crystal Support Section Added Audio block to application diagram

0.72 (October 2004) Updated package size Table 9 to Table 15 updated Optional 32.768 kHz cr ystal support removed Package outline drawing updated to 14.1mm width and 2.0mm height

0.73 (December 2004) In Table 15, maximum output power range updated to +4dBm .

0.80 (March 2005) M inor edits for clarity, language, units, formatting, etc. No functional changes.

0.81 (March 2005) Minor changes in feature lis t Table 2 updated Added footnote to Table 10 Added description in chapter 6.2 Table 20 updated

0.82 ( March 2005) Added footnote to Table 13 Figure 22 updated

Revisions/Comments

www.nationa l.c om 42 R ev is io n 1.0

17.0 Datasheet Revision History (Continued)

Table 43. Revision History

Revision #

(PDF Date)

1.0 draft 1 (March 2005) Updated Power consumption Table 12

1.0 draft 2 (April 2005) No functional Update

1.0 draft 3 (April 2005) Updated C/I in Table 14

1.0 (April 2005) No functional Update

T able 44. Edits to current revision

Section Revisions/Comments

General Description

Connection Diagram

Pad Description • Electrical

Specifications Functional

Description Digital Smart

Radio System Power

Up Sequence Integrated

Firmware Low Power

Modes Command

Interface Application|

Information Soldering • Physical

Dimensions

•

Revisions/Comments

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Revision 1.0 43 www.national.com

LMX9820A Bluetooth Serial Port Module

Nation al does not as sume an y respo nsibi lity for us e of any ci rcu itry de scrib ed, no circui t pat ent li cense s are imp lied and Nat ional r ese rv es the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems wh ich, (a) ar e inte nded for sur gic al im plan t into the b ody, or (b) s uppo rt or sustai n life , and whose fai lure to perform, w hen prope rly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system w hose f ailu re to p erfor m can be r easo nably ex pect ed to cause th e f ail ur e of t he li f e su ppor t devi ce o r s yste m, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE

Nation al Semi condu ctor c ertifi es that the pr oducts and pac king m ateri als me et the provis ions of the Cu stom er Prod ucts St ewar dship Specification (CSP-9-111C2) and the Banned Substances and Materials of Interest Specification (CSP-9-111S2) and contain no “Banned Substances” as defined in CSP-9-111S2.

National Semiconductor Americas Customer Support Center

Email: new.feedback@nsc.com Tel: 1-800-272-9959

www.national.com

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Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86

Email: europe.support@nsc.com

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Email: ap.support@nsc.com

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Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 Email: jpn.feedback@nsc.com Tel: 81-3-5639-7560

National Semiconductor LMX9820A Technical data

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1.0 General Description

2.0 Functional Block Diagram

1.1 APPLICATIONS

3.0 Features

3.1 DIGITAL HARDW ARE

3.2 FIRMWARE

3.3 DIGITAL SMART RADIO

3.4 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS

4.0 Connection Diagram

5.0 Pad Descriptions

6.0 Electrical Specifications

6.1 GENERAL SPECIFI CATIONS

6.2 DC CHARACTERISTICS

6.3 RF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

6.4 PERFORMANCE DATA (T YPICAL)

7.0 Functional Description

7.1.1 Bluetooth Lower Link Controller

7.1.2 Bluetooth Upper Layer Stack

7.1.3 Profile Support

7.1.4 Application with Command Int erface

7.2 MEMORY

7.3 CONTROL AND TRANSPORT PORT

7.4 AUXILIARY PORTS

7.4.1 Reset_5100 and Reset_b#

7.4.2 Operating Environm ent Pads (Env0 and Env1)

7.4.3 Interface Select Inputs (ISEL1, ISEL2)

7.4.4 Module and LInk Status Outputs

7.5 AUDIO PORT

8.0 Digital Smart Radio

8.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

8.2 RECEIVER FRONT END

8.2.1 Poly-Phase Bandpass Filt er

8.2.2 Hard Limiter and RSSI

8.3 RECEIVER BACK END

8.3.1 Frequency Discri minator

8.3.2 Post-Detection Fi lt er and Equalizer

8.4 AUTOTUNING CIRCUITRY

8.5 SYNTHESIZER

8.5.1 Phase-Frequency Det ector

8.6 TRANSMITTER CIRCUITRY

8.6.1 IQ-DA Converters and TX Mixers

8.7 CRYSTAL REQUIREMENTS

8.7.1 Crystal

8.7.3 ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance)

9.0 System Power-Up Sequence

10.0 Integrated Firmwar e

10.1 FEATURES

10.1.1 Operation Modes

10.1.2 Default Connections

10.1.3 Event Filter

10.1.4 Default Link Policy

10.1.5 Audio Support

11.0 Power Reduction

11.1 LOW POWER MODES

11.2 UART TRANSPORT LA YER CONTROL

11.2.1 Hardware Wake-Up Functionalit y

11.2.2 Disabling the UART Transport Layer

11.2.3 LMX9820A Enabling the UART Interface

11.2.4 Enabling the UART Transport Layer fr om Host

12.0 Command Interfac e

12.1 FR AMING

12.1.1 Start and End Delimiters

12.1.2 Packet Type ID

12.1.3 Opcode

12.1.4 Data Length

12.1.5 Checksum

12.2 COMMAND SET OVERVIEW

13.0 Usage Scenarios

13.1 SCENARIO 1: POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION

13.2 SCENARIO 2: AUTOMA TIC POINT -TO-POINT CONNECTION

13.3 SCENARIO 3: POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT CONNECTION

14.0 Application Information

14.1 MATCHING NETWORK

14.2 FILTERED POWER SUPPLY

14.3 HOST INTERFACE

14.4 CLOCK INPUT