National Instruments cRIO-904, cRIO-9040, cRIO-9041, cRIO-9046, cRIO-9045 User Manual
...
USER MANUAL
cRIO-904x
Embedded CompactRIO Controller with Real-Time Processor and
Reconfigurable FPGA
This document describes the features of the cRIO-904x and contains information about
mounting and operating the device.
In this document, the cRIO-9040, cRIO-9041, cRIO-9042, cRIO-9043, cRIO-9045,
cRIO-9046, cRIO-9047, cRIO-9048, and cRIO-9049 are referred to collectively as cRIO-904x.
Contents
Configuring the cRIO-904x...................................................................................................... 3
Connecting the cRIO-904x to the Host Computer Using USB........................................ 3
Connecting the cRIO-904x to the Host Computer or Network Using Ethernet............... 4
Configuring Startup Options.............................................................................................4
cRIO-904x Features.................................................................................................................. 6
Ports and Connectors........................................................................................................ 6
Buttons............................................................................................................................ 12
LEDs............................................................................................................................... 14
Chassis Grounding Screw............................................................................................... 18
Internal Real-Time Clock................................................................................................18
Digital Routing................................................................................................................19
Clock Routing................................................................................................................. 19
Synchronization Across a Network.................................................................................20
CMOS Battery.................................................................................................................22
Installing the Module Immobilization Accessory...................................................................22
Module Immobilization Accessory Dimensions.............................................................24
Mounting the Controller..........................................................................................................25
Alternate Mounting Configurations................................................................................ 27
Mounting Requirements for the cRIO-904x................................................................... 27
Dimensions......................................................................................................................28
Mounting on a Flat Surface.............................................................................................29
Mounting on a Panel ...................................................................................................... 32
Mounting on a DIN Rail ................................................................................................ 34
Mounting on a Rack........................................................................................................37
Mounting on a Desktop ..................................................................................................37
BIOS Configuration................................................................................................................ 40
Resetting the System CMOS and BIOS Settings............................................................40
Power-On Self Test Warning Messages.......................................................................... 40
BIOS Setup Utility.......................................................................................................... 41
Main Setup Menu............................................................................................................42
Advanced Setup Menu.................................................................................................... 42
Boot Setup Menu............................................................................................................ 44
Save & Exit Menu...........................................................................................................45
Choosing Your Programming Mode....................................................................................... 46
Analog Input with NI-DAQmx....................................................................................... 47
Analog Output with NI-DAQmx.................................................................................... 54
Digital Input/Output with NI-DAQmx........................................................................... 59
PFI with NI-DAQmx...................................................................................................... 71
Counters with NI-DAQmx..............................................................................................73
Counter Input Applications.............................................................................................77
Counter Output Applications.......................................................................................... 97
Counter Timing Signals................................................................................................ 105
Worldwide Support and Services.......................................................................................... 110
2 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Configuring the cRIO-904x
You can connect the cRIO-904x to a host computer or network and configure the startup
options using the Dual Role USB C port or the RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet port 0 or port 1.
Tip Refer to the cRIO-904x Getting Started Guide for basic configuration
instructions and information about connecting to a host computer using the Dual
Role USB C port. NI recommends using the Dual Role USB C port for
configuration, debug, and maintenance.
Connecting the cRIO-904x to the Host Computer Using USB
Connect your cRIO-904x to your host computer.
Note Refer to Ports and Connectors for connector and port locations.
Complete the following steps to connect the cRIO-904x to the host computer using the Dual
Role USB C Port.
1. Power on the host computer.
2. Connect the cRIO-904x to the host computer using the USB-to-Type-A cable (included in
kit), inserting the USB Type-C connector into the Dual Role USB Type-C port. Connect
the other end of the USB cable (Type-A) to the host computer.
The device driver software automatically detects the cRIO-904x. Select Configure and
install software to this device.
If the device driver software does not detect the cRIO-904x, verify that you installed the
appropriate NI software in the correct order on the host computer as described in
"Installing Software on the Host Computer" in the cRIO-904x Getting Started Guide.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 3
Connecting the cRIO-904x to the Host Computer or Network Using Ethernet
Complete the following steps to connect the cRIO-904x to a host computer or Ethernet
network using the RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet port 0. NI recommends using the RJ-45 Gigabit
Ethernet port 0 for communication with deployed systems.
Note You can configure the RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet port 1 in Measurement &
Automation Explorer (MAX) under the Network Settings tab.
1. Power on the host computer or Ethernet hub.
2. Connect the RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet port 0 on the cRIO-904x to the host computer or
Ethernet hub using a standard Category 5 (CAT-5) or better shielded, twisted-pair
Ethernet cable.
Notice To prevent data loss and to maintain the integrity of your Ethernet
installation, do not use a cable longer than 100 m (328 ft).
The cRIO-904x attempts to initiate a DHCP network connection the first time you
connect using Ethernet. The cRIO-904x connects to the network with a link-local IP
address with the form 169.254.x.x if it is unable to initiate a DHCP connection.
Finding the cRIO-904x on the Network (DHCP)
Complete the following steps to find the cRIO-904x on a network using DHCP.
1. Disable secondary network interfaces on the host computer, such as a wireless access
card on a laptop.
2. Ensure that any anti-virus and firewall software running on the host computer allows
connections to the host computer.
Note MAX uses UDP on port 44525. Refer to the documentation of your
firewall software for information about configuring the firewall to allow
communication through this port.
3. Launch MAX on the host computer.
4. Expand Remote Systems in the configuration tree and locate your system.
Tip MAX lists the system under the model number followed by the serial
number, such as NI-cRIO-904x-1856AAA.
Tip If you do not see the cRIO-904x under Remote Systems, use the
Troubleshoot Remote System Discovery utility to walk through
troubleshooting steps.
Configuring Startup Options
Complete the following steps to configure the cRIO-904x startup options in MAX.
1. In MAX, expand your system under Remote Systems.
2. Select the Startup Settings tab to configure the startup settings.
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cRIO-904x Startup Options
You can configure the following cRIO-904x startup options.
Table 1. cRIO-904x Startup Options
Startup Option Description
Force Safe Mode Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on starts the cRIO-904x
without launching LabVIEW Real-Time or any startup applications. In
safe mode, the cRIO-904x launches only the services necessary for
updating configuration and installing software.
Enable Console
Out
Disable RT
Startup App
Disable FPGA
Startup App
Enable Secure
Shell (SSH)
Logins
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on redirects the console output
to the RS-232 serial port. You can use a serial-port terminal program to
read the IP address and firmware version of the cRIO-904x. Use a nullmodem cable to connect the RS-232 serial port to a computer. Make sure
that the serial-port terminal program is configured to the following
settings:
• 115,200 bits per second
• Eight data bits
• No parity
• One stop bit
• No flow control
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on prevents any LabVIEW
startup applications from running.
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on prevents autoloading of any
FPGA application.
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on starts sshd on the
cRIO-904x. Starting sshd enables logins over SSH, an encrypted
communication protocol.
Note Visit ni.com/info and enter the Info Code openssh for
more information about SSH.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 5
Table 1. cRIO-904x Startup Options (Continued)
Startup Option Description
LabVIEW
Project Access
Enable
Embedded UI
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on enables you to add the
target to a LabVIEW project.
Rebooting the cRIO-904x with this setting on enables the embedded UI,
which allows you to interact with the front panels of VIs running on the
cRIO-904x using input and display devices connected directly to the
cRIO-904x. You can also browse and edit files on the cRIO-904x within a
graphical working environment. For more information, refer to the Using
the Embedded UI to Access RT Target VIs topic in the LabVIEW Help.
cRIO-904x Features
The cRIO-904x provides the following features.
Ports and Connectors
The cRIO-904x provides the following ports and connectors.
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Figure 1. cRIO-904x Ports and Connectors
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1. USB 3.1 Type-C Dual Role
2. USB 3.1 Type-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
3. RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet Ports
4. PFI 0
5. Power Connector
6. RS-232 Serial Port
7. RS-485 Serial Port
8. USB 2.0 Type-A
9. SD Card Removable Storage
USB 3.1 Type-C Dual Role
The USB 3.1 Type-C Dual Role port implements dual role functionality and is capable of
functioning as either a USB 3.1 Gen1 host or device. When operating as a host, the port
supports common USB devices such as mass-storage devices, keyboards, mice, and USB
cameras. When operating a device, use this port to connect the cRIO-904x to a host PC. The
USB device functionality provides an alternate method to connect the cRIO-904x to a host PC
and is intended for configuration, application deployment, debugging, and maintenance. The
role of the port is determined automatically based on the cable inserted into the port. For
example, the port will automatically function as a device when the cRIO-904x is connected to
a host PC using the NI USB Type-C male to Type-A male cable provided in the kit.
USB 3.1 Type-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
The USB 3.1 Type-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode port implements both a USB 3.1 Gen1 host
and a DisplayPort 1.2 source using the USB Type-C DisplayPort alternate mode. Use a USB
Type-C video adapter or monitor supporting the DisplayPort alternate mode to use this port as
a display output. Alternatively, this port may be used as a standard USB host port and supports
common USB devices such as mass-storage devices, keyboards, mice, and USB cameras. Use
a USB Type-C male to USB Type-A female adapter to use this port with USB devices
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 7
implementing a type-A male connector. Use a USB Type-C multiport adapter to
simultaneously use this port as a display output and a USB host port.
The following NI USB Type-C adapters are available for the cRIO-904x.
Table 2. NI USB Type-C Adapters for cRIO-904x
Adapter Length Part Number
USB to DVI Adapter with Retention, USB Type-C Male to DVI-D
0.5 m 143558-0R5
Female
USB to VGA Adapter with Retention, USB Type-C Male to VGA
0.5 m 143557-0R5
Female
USB Cable with Retention, Type-C Male to Type-A Female, USB
0.5 m 143555-0R5
3.1, 3A
The following NI USB Type-C cables with retention are available for the cRIO-904x.
Table 3. NI USB Type-C Cables for cRIO-904x
Cable Length Part Number
USB Cable with Retention, Type-C Male to Type-C Male, USB 3.1,3A0.3 m 143556-0R3
1 m 143556-01
1 m 143556-02
PFI 0
The Programmable Function Interface (PFI) terminal is a SMB connector.
Table 4. Signal Descriptions
Signal Reference Description
PFI 0 — Programmable Function Interface—You can configure the PFI terminal
as a timing input or timing output signal for AI, AO, DI, DO, or
counter/timer functions.
Note The PFI 0 terminal can only be programmed with NI-DAQmx.
Power Connector
The cRIO-904x has a power connector to which you can connect a primary and secondary
power supply. The following table shows the pinout for the power connector.
8 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Table 5. Power Connector Pinout
V1
C
V2
C
Pinout Pin Description
V1 Primary power input
C Common
V2 Secondary power input
C Common
Caution The C terminals are internally connected to each other, but are
functionally isolated from chassis ground. This isolation is intended to prevent
ground loops, but does not meet IEC 61010-1 for safety isolation. You can connect
the C terminals to chassis ground externally. Refer to the specifications on ni.com/
manuals for information about the power supply input range and maximum voltage
from terminal to chassis ground.
If you apply power to both the V1 and V2 inputs, the cRIO-904
x operates from the V1 input.
If the input voltage to V1 is insufficient, the cRIO-904x operates from the V2 input.
The cRIO-904x has reverse-voltage protection.
The following NI power supplies and accessories are available for the cRIO-904x.
Table 6. Power Accessories
Accessory Part Number
NI PS-15 Power Supply, 24 VDC, 5 A, 100-120/200-240 VAC Input 781093-01
NI PS-10 Desktop Power Supply, 24 VDC, 5 A, 100-120/200-240 VAC Input 782698-01
4-Position Gold Power Supply Plugs (Quantity 5) 783529-01
NI 9979 Strain Relief for 4-Position Power Connector 196939-01
SD Card Removable Storage
The cRIO-904x provides an SD card slot that can read from and write to SD cards. The slot
supports SD card interface speeds up to UHS-I DDR50.
Notice Using SD cards that are not approved by NI might invalidate specifications
and result in unreliable performance.
Notice Full and high-speed SD cards are prohibited for use with the cRIO-904x.
The following accessories are available from the SD card slot.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 9
Table 7. cRIO-904x SD Storage Accessories
SD Card Capacity Part Number
Industrial SD Card, -40 to 85 °C, UHS-I 16 GB 786362-01
32 GB 786363-01
SD Door (x3) - 786218-01
SD Card Slot Cover
You must use the SD card slot cover to protect the SD card in hazardous locations. Do not
remove an SD card while either LED is flashing or lit because file corruption may result.
Note Screw the slot cover closed completely. Tighten the captive screws to a
maximum torque of 0.75 N · m (6.7 lb · in.) using a #1 Phillips screwdriver. Do not
overtighten.
RS-232 Serial Port
The cRIO-904x has an RS-232 serial port that is implemented with an RJ-50, 10-position
modular jack to which you can connect devices such as displays or input devices. Use the
Serial VIs to read from and write to the serial port. Refer to the LabVIEW Help for information
about the Serial VIs.
Find examples on how to use NI-Serial or NI-VISA to perform serial communication in the
NI Example Finder. The NI Example Finder is located on the Help menu in the LabVIEW
Help.
Note The RS-232 serial port cannot be accessed by the user application when the
Console Out startup option is enabled.
The following table shows the pinout for the RS-232 serial port.
10 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Table 8. RS-232 Serial Port Pinout
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
Pinout Pin Signal
1 No Connect
2 RI
3 CTS
4 RTS
5 DSR
6 GND
7 DTR
8 TXD
9 RXD
10 DCD
You can use the Ring Indicator (RI) on pin 2 to wake the controller from a low-power state.
You can drive RI with a logic level high to wake the cRIO-904x. Refer to the specifications on
ni.com/manuals for the RI wake voltage.
The following accessories are available to connect the RS-232 serial port to a 9-pin DSUB
plug.
Table 9. RS-232 Serial Port Accessories
Accessory Length Part Number
RS-232, S8 Serial Cable, 10-Position Modular Plug to 9-Pin DSUB 1 m 182845-01
2 m 182845-02
3 m 182845-03
RS-485 Serial Port
The cRIO-904x has an RS-485 serial port that is implemented with an RJ-50, 10-position
modular jack. The RJ-50 connector is isolated from the cRIO-904x. For more information
about the electrical isolation of the RS-485 port, refer to the specifications on ni.com/manuals.
Find examples on how to use NI-Serial or NI-VISA to perform serial communication in the
NI Example Finder. The NI Example Finder is located on the Help menu in the LabVIEW
Help.
The following table shows the pinout for the RS-485 serial port.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 11
Table 10. RS-485 Serial Port Pinout
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
Pinout Pin Signal
1 No Connect
2 TXD-
3 TXD+
4 No Connect
5 No Connect
6 RXD-
7 RXD+
8 No Connect
9 No Connect
10 Isolated GND
The following accessory is available to connect the RS-485 serial port to a 9-pin DSUB plug.
Notice To ensure the specified EMC performance, you must use an isolated cable
with the RS-485 serial port. The following accessory meets this requirement.
Table 11. RS-485 Serial Port Accessory
Accessory Length Part Number
RS-485, S8 Serial Cable, 10-Position Modular Plug to 9-Pin DSUB
1 m 184428-01
(Isolated)
USB 2.0 Type-A
The USB 2.0 Type-A port implements a USB 2.0 Type-A host and supports common USB
devices such as mass-storage, devices, keyboards, mice, and USB cameras.
The following NI cables with retention are available for the cRIO-904x.
Table 12. NI Cables with Retention for cRIO-904x
Cable Length Part Number
USB Extension with Retention, Type-A Male to Type-A Female,
USB 2.0
Buttons
The cRIO-904x provides the following buttons.
12 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
0.5 m 152166-0R5
2 m 152166-02
Figure 2. cRIO-904x Buttons
10/100
USER1
1: POWER
2: STATUS
3:
1 2 3 4
4:USER
FPGA1
/1000
ACT/
SYNC
PUSH TO EJECT
SD
IN USE
DUAL ROLEHOST
RS-232
RESET
PFI 0
USER1
INPUT
9–30 V
V1
V1
C
C
V2
V2
C
DO NOT SEPARATE CONNECTORS WHEN
ENERGIZED IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
60 W MAX
RS-485
1
0
LINK
10/100
/1000
ACT/
LINK
DP
1
32
Press and hold RESET button for ≥ 5 s
Press and hold RESET button for < 5 s
Run Mode
Safe Mode
Press and hold RESET button for < 5 s
Press and hold RESET button for ≥ 5 s
Press and hold
RESET button for ≥ 5 s
Press and hold
RESET button for < 5 s
• Console Out enabled
• Network settings reset
• RT Startup App disabled
• FPGA Startup App disabled
• Console Out enabled
• RT Startup App disabled
• FPGA Startup App disabled
Safe Mode
1. USER1 Button
2. RESET Button
3. CMOS Reset Button
USER1 Button
The cRIO-904x has a general-purpose USER1 button that is user-defined. You can read the
state of the USER1 button from your LabVIEW FPGA application.
RESET Button
Press the RESET button to reset the processor in the same manner as cycling power.
The following figure shows the reset behavior of the cRIO-904x.
Figure 3. Reset Button Behavior
For more information about using the RESET button for network troubleshooting, see
Troubleshooting Network Connectivity.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 13
Troubleshooting Network Connectivity
6
1
2
3
4
5
You can use the RESET button to troubleshoot network connectivity.
Complete the following steps to reset the network adapters to default settings.
1. Hold the RESET button for 5 seconds, and then release it to boot the controller in safe
mode and enable Console Out.
2. Hold the RESET button again for 5 seconds to boot the controller into safe mode, enable
Console Out, and reset network adapters to default settings.
CMOS Reset Button
The cRIO-904x has a CMOS reset button that you can use to reset the CMOS and the BIOS.
LEDs
Learn more about the LEDs for your cRIO-904x.
Figure 4. cRIO-904x Front Panel LEDs
1. POWER LED
2. STATUS LED
3. USER1 LED
4. USER FPGA1 LED
5. Gigabit Ethernet LEDs
6. SD In Use LED
POWER LED Indicators
The POWER LED on the cRIO-904x indicates which power input is in use, as shown in the
following table.
14 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Table 13. POWER LED Indicators
LED Color LED Pattern Indication
Green Solid The cRIO-904x is powered from the V1 input.
Yellow Solid The cRIO-904x is powered from the V2 input.
— Off The cRIO-904x is powered off.
For more information about connecting the cRIO-904x to power, refer to "Connecting the
Controller to Power" in the cRIO-904x Getting Started Guide .
STATUS LED Indicators
The following table describes the STATUS LED indicators.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 15
LED
Color
Table 14. STATUS LED Indicators
LED Pattern Indication
Yellow Blinks twice and
pauses
Blinks three times
and pauses
Blinks four times
and pauses
Continuously
blinks
The cRIO-904x is in safe mode. Software is not installed,
which is the factory default state, or software has been
improperly installed on the cRIO-904x.
An error can occur when an attempt to upgrade the software
is interrupted. Reinstall software on the cRIO-904x. Refer to
"Installing Software on the Controller" in the cRIO-904x
Getting Started Guide for information about installing
software on the cRIO-904x.
The cRIO-904x is in user-directed safe mode, or the
cRIO-904x is in install mode to indicate that software is
currently being installed.
This pattern may also indicate that the user has forced the
cRIO-904x to boot into safe mode by pressing the reset
button for longer than five seconds or by enabling safe mode
in MAX. Refer to the RESET Button for information about
safe mode.
The cRIO-904x is in safe mode. The software has crashed
twice without rebooting or cycling power between crashes.
The cRIO-904x has not booted into NI Linux Real-Time.
The cRIO-904x either booted into an unsupported operating
system, was interrupted during the boot process, or detected
an unrecoverable software error.
On momentarily The cRIO-904x is booting. No action required.
16 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
LED
Color
Table 14. STATUS LED Indicators (Continued)
LED Pattern Indication
Red Continuously
blinks
This indicates a hardware error. An internal power supply
has failed. Check front-panel I/O and C Series module
connections for shorts. Remove any shorts and cycle power
the cRIO-904x. If the problem persists, contact NI.
Solid The cRIO-904x internal temperature has exceeded a critical
threshold. Ensure the ambient operating temperature does
not exceed the specified operating temperature. If the
problem persists, contact NI.
— Off The cRIO-904x is in run mode. Software is installed and the
operating system is running.
Ethernet LED Indicators
The following table lists the Ethernet LED indicators.
Table 15. Ethernet LED Indicators
LED LED Color LED Pattern Indication
ACT/LINK - Off LAN link not established
Green Solid LAN link established
Flashing Activity on LAN
10/100/1000 Yellow Solid 1,000 Mbit/s data rate selected
Green Solid 100 Mbit/s data rate selected
- Off 10 Mbit/s data rate selected
SD In Use LED Indicator
The cRIO-904x has a SD In Use LED to indicate the card drive mount status. The following
table lists details of the SD In Use LED indicator.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 17
Table 16. SD In Use LED Indicator
1
LED LED Color LED Pattern Indication
SD IN USE Green Off There is no SD card present in the slot or the
cRIO-904x has unmounted the SD card from the
operating system. It is safe to remove the SD card
from the slot.
Solid The SD card in the slot is mounted in the operating
system. Do not remove the SD card while this LED
is lit.
Chassis Grounding Screw
The cRIO-904x provides a chassis grounding screw.
Figure 5. cRIO-904x Chassis Grounding Screw
1. Chassis Grounding Screw
For information about grounding the cRIO-904
cRIO-904x Getting Started Guide.
For more information about ground connections, visit ni.com/info and enter the Info Code
emcground.
x, see "Grounding the Controller" in the
Internal Real-Time Clock
The cRIO-904x contains an internal real-time clock that maintains system time when the
cRIO-904x is powered off. The system clock of the cRIO-904x is synchronized with the
internal real-time clock at startup. You can set the real-time clock using the BIOS setup utility
or MAX, or you can set the real-time clock programmatically using LabVIEW.
18 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Refer to the model specifications on ni.com/manuals for the real-time clock accuracy
Onboard
100 MHz
Oscillator
Clock
Generator
DAQ ASIC
RIO FPGA
cRIO Trigger Bus
80 MHz Timebase
20 MHz Timebase
100 kHz Timebase
13.1072 MHz Timebase
12.8 MHz Timebase
10 MHz Timebase
40 MHz Onboard Clock
÷200
13.1072 MHz Carrier Clock
12.8 MHz Carrier Clock
10 MHz Carrier Clock
÷2
÷4
specifications.
Digital Routing
The digital routing circuitry of the cRIO-904x manages the flow of data between the bus
interface and the acquisition and generation sub-systems when programming C Series modules
in Real-Time (NI-DAQmx) mode. The subsystems include analog input, analog output, digital
I/O, and counters. The digital routing circuitry uses FIFOs (if present) in each sub-system to
ensure efficient data movement.
Note When programming C Series modules in FPGA mode, the flow of data
between the modules and the bus interface is programmed using LabVIEW FPGA.
The digital routing circuitry also routes timing and control signals. The acquisition and
generation sub-systems use these signals to manage and synchronize acquisitions and
generations. These signals can come from the following sources:
• C Series modules programmed in Real-Time (NI-DAQmx) mode
• User input through the PFI terminals using parallel digital C Series modules or the
cRIO-904x PFI 0 terminal
• FPGA or DAQ ASIC using the cRIO trigger bus to share hardware triggers and signals
between the LabVIEW FPGA and DAQmx applications
Clock Routing
The following figure shows the clock routing circuitry of the cRIO-904x.
Figure 6. Clock Routing Circuitry of the cRIO-904x
Note When switching between programming modes, you may notice the terms
timebase and clock used interchangeably. This is due to the DAQ ASIC and the RIO
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 19
FPGA using different terminology for timing and clock mechanisms. The
documentation will use the term based on the programming mode discussed.
80 MHz Timebase
When programming C Series modules in Real-Time (NI-DAQmx) mode, the 80 MHz
timebase can function as the source input to the 32-bit general-purpose counter/timers. The
80 MHz timebase is generated from the onboard oscillator.
20 MHz and 100 kHz Timebases
When programming C Series modules in Real-Time (NI-DAQmx) mode, the 20 MHz and
100 kHz timebases can be used to generate many of the analog input and analog output timing
signals. These timebases can also function as the source input to the 32-bit general-purpose
counter/timers. The 20 MHz and 100 kHz timebases are generated by dividing down the
80 MHz timebase, as shown in the previous figure.
40 MHz Onboard Clock
When programming C Series modules in FPGA mode, the 40 MHz onboard clock is used as
the top-level clock for your LabVIEW FPGA application and C Series module IO nodes. The
40 MHz onboard clock can be used to clock single-cycle timed loops. Derived clocks of
varying frequency can be generated from the 40 MHz onboard clock. The 40 MHz onboard
clock is phase aligned with the incoming 80 MHz clock.
13.1072 MHz, 12.8 MHz, and 10 MHz Timebases and Carrier Clocks
When programming C Series modules in Real-Time (NI-DAQmx) mode, the 13.1072 MHz,
12.8 MHz, and 10 MHz timebases can be used to generate many of the analog input and
analog output timing signals. These timebases can also function as the source input to the 32bit general-purpose counter/timers. The 13.1072 MHz, 12.8 MHz, and 10 MHz timebases are
generated directly from the onboard clock generator.
When programming C Series modules in FPGA mode, the 13.1072 MHz, 12.8 MHz, and
10 MHz carrier clocks can be used as the master clock for C Series analog input and analog
output modules. The 13.1072 MHz, 12.8 MHz, and 10 MHz carrier clocks are available as IO
Nodes in LabVIEW FPGA applications and can be used to correlate the onboard clocks with
self-timed C Series modules containing free-running clocks.
Synchronization Across a Network
Internal Timebase
The onboard 100 MHz oscillator automatically synchronizes to other network-synchronized
devices that are part of the local IEEE 802.1AS or IEEE 1588-2008 subnet, depending on the
active time reference that is being used on the controller.
The 80 MHz, 40 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 kHz, 13.1072 MHz, 12.8 MHz, and 10 MHz timebases
are derived from the onboard oscillator and are synchronized to it. Therefore, the timebases are
also synchronized to other network-synchronized timebases on the IEEE 802.1AS or
20 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
IEEE 1588-2008 subnet. This enables analog input, analog output, digital I/O, and counter/
timers to be synchronized to other chassis across a distributed network.
When programming C Series modules in FPGA mode, the Time Synchronization IO Nodes
can be used to synchronize the LabVIEW FPGA application to other network-synchronized
devices.
Network-based Synchronization
IEEE 1588, also known as the precision time protocol (PTP), is an Ethernet-based
synchronization method designed for cabled, local networks. The PTP protocol provides a
fault tolerant method of synchronizing all participating clocks to the highest quality clock in
the network. This method of synchronization between networked devices uses packet-based
communication and is possible over the long distances allowed for each Ethernet link, without
signal propagation impact. IEEE 1588 has many different profiles, such as
IEEE 802.1AS-2011, each of which use different features. Because the profiles are not
interoperable with each other, make sure it is known which profile is implemented on the
device. For devices on the network to synchronize with each other using IEEE 1588, all
devices must be compatible with the desired IEEE 1588 profile and must all be connected
within the selected IEEE 1588 profile-compliant network infrastructure.
The cRIO-904x controllers are compatible with both the IEEE 802.1AS-2011 profile and the
IEEE 1588-2008 (1588v2) Delay Request-Response profile. However, each network port must
be configured individually to the specific profile required for the network.
Differences Between IEEE 802.1AS-2011 and IEEE 1588-2008
IEEE 802.1AS-2011, also known as the generalized precision time protocol (gPTP), is a
profile of IEEE 1588. A cRIO-904x controller can be configured to use either the
IEEE 802.1AS-2011 profile or the IEEE 1588-2008 profile by configuring the port’s time
reference. If a user does not explicitly specify which time reference to use a cRIO-904x
controller will default to use the IEEE 802.1AS-2011 profile. There are some differences
between the IEEE 802.1AS-2011 profile and the IEEE 1588-2008 profile which are called out
below:
• IEEE 802.1AS-2011 assumes all communication between devices is done on the OSI
layer 2, while IEEE 1588-2008 can support various layer 2 and layer 3-4 communication
methods. The IEEE 1588-2008 profile National Instruments implements on the
cRIO-904x only supports layer 3-4 communication methods. Operating on the layer 2
yields better performance for the IEEE 802.1AS-2011.
• IEEE 802.1AS-2011 only communicates gPTP information directly with other
IEEE 802.1AS devices within a system. Therefore, there must be IEEE 802.1AS-2011
support along the entire path from one IEEE 802.1AS-2011 device to another. With
IEEE 1588-2008, it is possible to use non-IEEE 1588-2008 switches between two
IEEE 1588-2008 devices. The benefit of having IEEE 802.1AS-2011 support along the
entire path is a faster performance and lower jitter compared to IEEE 1588-2008.
• With IEEE 802.1AS-2011 there are only two types of time-aware systems: time-aware
end stations and time-aware bridges. Whereas with IEEE 1588-2008, there are the
following: ordinary clock, boundary clock, end-to-end transparent clock and a time-aware
bridges. Based on these factors, IEEE 802.1AS-2011 can reduce complexity and
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 21
configuration challenges compared to IEEE 1588-2008. A cRIO-904x controller acts as a
time-aware end station for both protocols.
IEEE 1588 External Switch Requirements
To take advantage of the network synchronization features of the cRIO-904x controllers,
ensure that your network infrastructure meets certain requirements depending on which
IEEE 1588 profile is implemented for your application:
• IEEE 802.1AS-2011 support—Automatically enables timebase synchronization and
enables the use of time-based triggers and timestamping between devices across the
network. Synchronization performance will meet NI product specifications.
• IEEE 1588-2008 support—Enables timebase synchronization and enables the use of timebased triggers and timestamping between devices across the network. Synchronization
performance will vary and may not meet NI product specifications. As a default
configuration for IEEE 1588-2008, NI supports the IEEE 1588 Delay Request-Response
profile, using the UDP over IP transport (layer 3-4).
CMOS Battery
The cRIO-904x contains a CMOS battery. The CMOS battery is a lithium cell battery that
stores the system clock information when the cRIO-904x is powered off. There is only a slight
drain on the CMOS battery when power is applied to the cRIO-904x power connector. The rate
at which the CMOS battery drains when power is disconnected depends on the ambient
storage temperature. For longer battery life, store the cRIO-904x at a cooler temperature and
apply power to the power connector. Refer to the specifications for your model on ni.com/
manuals for the expected battery lifetime.
The CMOS BATTERY IS DEAD warning appears onscreen during the power-on self test if the
battery is dead. The cRIO-904x still starts, but the system clock is reset to the date and time of
the BIOS release. The battery is not user-replaceable. If you need to replace the CMOS
battery, contact NI. Refer to the specifications for your model on ni.com/manuals for
information about battery disposal.
Installing the Module Immobilization Accessory
The Module Immobilization accessory ensures that the C Series module latches cannot be
retracted and modules cannot be removed from a system. The Module Immobilization
accessory provides extra system assurance and security when shipping and installing systems,
and prevents accidental removal from a system during operation.
When using the Module Immobilization accessory, NI recommends installing the accessory
prior to mounting the system in any enclosure because the accessory requires tool access to the
top, right, and bottom of the cRIO-904x.
What to Use
• cRIO-904x
• C Series modules
22 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
• Module Immobilization accessory kit: 158533-01 for 8-slot models, 158534-01 for 4-slot
5
1
3
4
2
models
– Module immobilization bracket
– Installation screws
1
• M4 x 0.7 button-head screw, 8 mm
• M3 x 0.5 flat-head screws (x2), 10 mm
• Torx T10/T10H driver
• Torx T20/T20H driver
What to Do
Complete the following steps to install the Module Immobilization accessory.
Figure 7. 4-slot cRIO-904x Module Immobilization Accessory Installation
1
The Module Immobilization accessory kit includes two sets of screws. One set is a standard set of
screws that require a standard driver type, Torx T10 and T20. The other set is a tamper-resistant set
of screws that require a security driver type, Torx T10H and T20H. Use the tamper-resistant set to
help prevent unintended modification of the system.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 23
Figure 8. 8-slot cRIO-904x Module Immobilization Accessory Installation
2
5
1
3
4
1. Ensure that all the C Series modules are installed in the cRIO-904x and the latches are
locked in place.
2. Remove the center right panel screw from the top and bottom of the cRIO-904x using the
Torx T10 driver.
3. Slide the bracket into place, aligning the three clearance screw holes.
4. Install the M4 x 0.7 button-head screw in the right end of the cRIO-904x using the
appropriate Torx T20 driver. Tighten the screw to a maximum torque of 1.3 N · m
(11.5 lb · in.).
5. Install the two M3 x 0.5 flat-head screws from the accessory kit in the top and bottom of
the cRIO-904x using the appropriate Torx T10 driver. Tighten the screws to a maximum
torque of 1.3 N · m (11.5 lb · in.).
Tip NI recommends using a liquid thread locker for all fasteners if the system
is expected to experience vibration for an extended amount or time.
Module Immobilization Accessory Dimensions
The following figure shows the Module Immobilization accessory dimensions for the
cRIO-904x.
24 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Figure 9. 4-slot cRIO-904x Module Immobilization Accessory Dimensions
94.2 mm
(3.71 in.)
1.6 mm
(0.06 in.)
1.6 mm
(0.06 in.)
220.4 mm (8.68 in.)
329.7 mm (12.98 in.)
1.6 mm
(0.06 in.)
94.2 mm
(3.71 in.)
Figure 10. 8-slot cRIO-904x Module Immobilization Accessory Dimensions
Mounting the Controller
To obtain the maximum ambient temperature, you must mount the cRIO-904x in the reference
mounting configuration shown in the following image. Mounting the cRIO-904x in the
reference mounting configuration ensures that your system will operate correctly across the
full operating temperature range and provide optimal C Series module accuracy. Observe the
following guidelines to mount the cRIO-904x in the reference mounting configuration.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 25
Figure 11. cRIO-904x Reference Mounting Configuration
3
4
1
Up
2
1
2
3
4
Horizontal mounting orientation.
Mounting substrate options:
• Mount the cRIO-904x directly to a metallic surface that is at least 1.6 mm
(0.062 in.) thick and extends a minimum of 101.6 mm (4 in.) beyond all edges of
the device.
• Use the NI Panel Mounting Kit to mount the cRIO-904x to a metallic surface that is
at least 1.6 mm (0.062 in.) thick and extends a minimum of 101.6 mm (4 in.)
beyond all edges of the device.
Observe the cooling dimensions in the Mounting Requirements section.
Allow space for cabling clearance according to the Mounting Requirements section.
Tip Before using any of these mounting methods, record the serial number from
the back of the cRIO-904x so that you can identify the cRIO-904x in MAX. You will
be unable to read the serial number after you mount the cRIO-904x.
26 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Alternate Mounting Configurations
25.4 mm (1.00 in.)
All Around
Cooling Dimensions
The maximum operating temperature may be reduced for any mounting configuration other
than the reference mounting configuration. A 10 °C (18 °F) reduction in maximum operating
temperature is sufficient for most alternate mounting configurations. Follow the guidelines
above for all mounting configurations.
The published accuracy specifications, although not guaranteed for alternate mounting
configurations, may be met depending on the system power and the thermal performance of
the alternate mounting configuration.
Contact NI for further details regarding the impact of common alternate mounting
configurations on maximum operating temperature and module accuracy.
Mounting Requirements for the cRIO-904x
Use the following to ensure you meet the cooling and cabling clearance requirements for
mounting cRIO-904x models.
Your installation must meet the following requirements for cooling and cabling clearance for
all cRIO-904x models.
Allow 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) on all sides of the cRIO-904x for air circulation, as shown in the
following figure.
Figure 12. cRIO-904x Cooling Dimensions
Allow the appropriate space in front of C Series modules for cabling clearance, as shown in
the following figure. The different connector types on C Series modules require different
cabling clearances. For a complete list of cabling clearances for C Series modules, visit
ni.com/info and enter the Info Code crioconn.
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 27
Figure 13. cRIO-904x Cabling Clearance
29.1 mm
(1.14 in.)
Cabling
Clearance
38.1 mm
(1.50 in.)
63.5 mm
(2.50 in.)
1
63.5 mm
(2.50 in.)
1
38.1 mm
(1.50 in.)
63.5 mm
(2.50 in.)
1
63.5 mm
(2.50 in.)
1
Measure the ambient temperature at each side of the cRIO-904x, 63.5 mm (2.50 in.) from the
side and 38.1 mm (1.50 in.) forward from the rear of the cRIO-904x, as shown in the following
figure.
Figure 14. Ambient Temperature Location
1. Measure the ambient temperature here.
Dimensions
The following figures show the front and side dimensions of the cRIO-904x. For detailed
dimensional drawings and 3D models, visit ni.com/dimensions and search for the model
number.
28 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
Figure 15. cRIO-904x 4-slot Controller Front Dimensions
107.0 mm (4.21 in.)
219.5 mm (8.64 in.)
117.2 mm (4.61 in.)
8.6 mm
(0.34 in.)
88.1 mm
(3.47 in.)
107.0 mm (4.21 in.)
226.6 mm (8.92 in.)
8.6 mm
(0.34 in.)
88.1 mm
(3.47 in.)
328.8 mm (12.95 in.)
44.0 mm
(1.73 in.)
44.0 mm
(1.73 in.)
44.0 mm
(1.73 in.)
44.0 mm
(1.73 in.)
53.4 mm
(2.10 in.)
53.4 mm
(2.10 in.)
53.4 mm
(2.10 in.)
53.4 mm
(2.10 in.)
Figure 16. cRIO-904x 8-slot Controller Front Dimensions
Mounting on a Flat Surface
For environments with high shock and vibration, NI recommends mounting the cRIO-904x
directly on a flat, rigid surface using the mounting holes in the cRIO-904x.
Figure 17. cRIO-904x Side Dimensions
cRIO-904x User Manual | © National Instruments | 29
What to Use
1
2
3
• cRIO-904x
• M4 screws, user provided, which must not exceed 8 mm of insertion into the cRIO-904x
– x4 for 4-slot models
– x6 for 8-slot models
Figure 18. Mounting the 4-slot cRIO-904x Directly on a Flat Surface
30 | ni.com | cRIO-904x User Manual
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