Grinding/cutting/drilling of masonry, concrete, metal and
other materials with silica in their composition may give
off dust or mists containing crystalline silica. Silica is a
basic component of sand, quartz, brick clay, granite and
numerous other minerals and rocks. Repeated and/or
substantial inhalation of airborne crystalline silica can
cause serious or fatal respiratory diseases, including
silicosis. In addition, California and some other
authorities have listed respirable crystalline silica as a
substance known to cause cancer. When cutting such
materials, always follow the respiratory precautions
mentioned above.
WARNING
Grinding/cutting/drilling of masonry, concrete, metal and
other materials can generate dust, mists and fumes
containing chemicals known to cause serious or fatal
injury or illness, such as respiratory disease, cancer,
birth defects or other reproductive harm. If you are
unfamiliar with the risks associated with the particular
process and/or material being cut or the composition of
the tool being used, review the material safety data
sheet and/or consult your employer, the material
manufacturer/supplier, governmental agencies such as
OSHA and NIOSH and other sources on hazardous
materials. California and some other authorities, for
instance, have published lists of substances known to
cause cancer, reproductive toxicity, or other harmful
effects.
Control dust, mist and fumes at the source where
possible. In this regard use good work practices and
follow the recommendations of the manufacturers or
suppliers, OSHA/NIOSH, and occupational and trade
associations. Water should be used for dust
suppression when wet cutting is feasible. When the
hazards from inhalation of dust, mists and fumes cannot
be eliminated, the operator and any bystanders should
always wear a respirator approved by NIOSH/MSHA for
the materials being used.
CA4HC TROWEL— TABLE OF CONTENTS
MQ WHITEMAN CA4HC
WALK-BEHIND TROWEL
Table Of Contents ..................................................... 4
1.The vibration level indicated is the maximum RMS (Root
Mean Square) value obtained at the handle grip while
operating the walk-behind trowel at full throttle on steel
plate with blades partially pitched.
2.Sound pressure is a weighted measure. It is measured at
the operator's ear position while the walk-behind trowel is
operating at full throttle on concrete in a manner most often
experienced in “
may vary depending upon the condition of the concrete.
This checklist will lists some of the minimum requirements for
machine maintenance and operation. Please feel free to detach
it and make copies. Use this checklist whenever a new operator
is to be trained or it can be used as a review for more experienced
operator’s.
Safety precautions should be followed at all times when operating
this equipment. Failure to read and understand and comply with
the Safety Messages and Operating Instructions could result in
injury to yourself and others.
This Owner's Manual has been developed to provide complete
instructions for the safe and
efficient operation of the MQ
NOTE
Before using this WALK-BEHIND TROWEL, ensure that the
operating individual has read, understands, and complies
with all instructions in this manual.
Whiteman CA4HC TROWEL.
For engine maintenance
information, please refer to the
engine manufacturer's
instructions for data relative to its
safe operation.
HAZARD SYMBOLS
SAFETY MESSAGE ALERT SYMBOLS
The three (3) Safety Messages shown below will inform you
about potential hazards that could injure you or others. The
Safety Messages specifically address the level of exposure to
the operator, and are preceded by one of three words: DANGER,
WARNING, or CAUTION.
Lethal Exhaust Gases
Engine exhaust gases contain poisonous
carbon monoxide. This gas is colorless and
odorless, and can cause death if inhaled.
NEVER operate this equipment in a confined
area or enclosed structure that does not
provide ample free flow air.
Explosive Fuel
Gasoline is extremely flammable, and its
vapors can cause an explosion if ignited. DONOT start the engine near spilled fuel or
combustible fluids. DO NOT fill the fuel tank
while the engine is running or hot. DO NOT
overfill tank, since spilled fuel could ignite if it
comes into contact with hot engine parts or
sparks from the ignition system. Store fuel in
approved containers, in well-ventilated areas
and away from sparks and flames. NEVER
use fuel as a cleaning agent.
Burn Hazards
DANGERDANGER
DANGER
DANGERDANGER
You WILL be
if you DO NOT follow these directions.
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
You CAN be KILLED or
you DO NOT follow these directions.
CAUTICAUTI
CAUTION
CAUTICAUTI
You CAN be
these directions.
Potential hazards associated with trowel operation will be
referenced with Hazard Symbols which appear throughout this
manual, and will be referenced in conjunction with Safety
Message Alert Symbols.
KILLED
INJURED
if you DO NOT follow
or
SERIOUSLY INJURED
SERIOUSLY INJURED
if
Engine components can generate extreme heat.
To prevent burns, DO NOT touch these areas
while the engine is running or immediately after
operations. NEVER operate the engine with
heat shields or heat guards removed.
Failure to follow instructions in this manual may lead to serious
injury or even death! This equipment is to be operated by
trained and qualified personnel only! This equipment is for
industrial use only.
■
NEVER operate this equipment when not feeling well due to
fatigue, illness or taking medicine.
■
NEVER operate the trowel under the influence or drugs or
alcohol.
■
Replace nameplate, operation and safety decals when they
become difficult to read.
■
ALWAYS check the trowel for loosened hardware such as
nuts and bolts before starting.
The following safety guidelines should always be used when
operating the CA4HC.
SAFETY
■
DO NOT operate or service this equipment
before reading this entire manual. The
manual must be kept available and accessible
to the operator.
■
This equipment should not be operated by persons under the
minimum statutory age limit.
■
NEVER use this machine for any purpose other than those
described in this manual.
■
NEVER operate the trowel without proper protective clothing,
shatterproof glasses, steel-toed boots and other protective
devices required for the job.
■
NEVER touch the hot exhaust manifold, muffler
or cylinder. Allow these parts to cool before
servicing the trowel.
■
High Temperatures – Allow the engine to cool before adding
fuel or performing service and maintenance functions. Contact
hot!
with
■
The engine of this trowel requires an adequate free flow of
cooling air. NEVER operate the trowel in any enclosed or
■
ALWAYS refuel in a well-ventilated area, away from sparks
and open flames.
components can cause serious burns.
narrow area where free flow
of the air is restricted. If the
air flow is restricted it will
cause serious damage to
the engine and may cause
injury to people. Remember
the engine gives off
DEADLY
gas.
carbon monoxide
■
NEVER use accessories or attachments which are not
recommended by Multiquip for this equipment. Damage to
the equipment and/or injury to user may result.
■
Manufacturer does not assume responsibility for any accident
due to equipment modifications. Unauthorized equipment
modification will void all warranties. Any modification which
could lead to a change in the original characteristics of the
machine should be made only by the manufacturer who shall
confirm that the machine is in conformity with appropriate
safety regulations.
ALWAYS use extreme caution when working with flammable
liquids. When refueling, STOP the engine and allow it to cool.
■
NEVER operate the trowel in an
explosive atmosphere where fumes
are present, or near combustible
materials. An explosion or fire could
result in severe
death.
■
NEVER
Fire or explosion could result from
vapors
■
Topping-off to filler port is dangerous, as it tends to spill fuel.
■
NEVER use fuel as a cleaning agent.
smoke
, or if fuel is spilled on a
bodily harm or even
around or near the machine.
fuel
hot!
engine.
CA4HC TROWEL — RULES FOR SAFE OPERATION
■
NEVER Run engine without air filter. Severe engine damage
may occur. Service air filter frequently to prevent carburetor
malfunction.
■
NEVER place your
while starting or operating this equipment.
■
AVOID wearing jewelry or loose fitting clothing that may snag
on the controls or moving parts as this can cause a serious
injury.
■
ALWAYS keep clear of
operating the trowel.
■
Moving Parts – Shut down the engine before performing
service or maintenance functions. Contact with moving parts
can cause serious injury.
■
ALWAYS check to make sure that the operating area is clear
before starting the engine.
■
NEVER leave the machine
■
ALWAYS be sure the operator is familiar with proper safety
precautions and operations techniques before using trowel.
■
ALWAYS keep the work area well organized.
feet
or
rotating
hands
inside the guard rings
or
moving parts
unattended
while running.
while
■
■
Maintenance Safety
■
■
■
■
■
■
When placing the trowel inside a truck-bed for transport,
always tie-down the trowel.
ALWAYS use proper lifting techniques when moving the
trowel.
NEVER lubricate components or attempt service on a running
trowel.
ALWAYS allow the trowel a proper amount of time to cool
before servicing.
Keep the trowel in proper running condition.
Fix damage to the trowel immediately and always replace
broken parts.
Dispose of hazardous waste properly. Examples of potentially
hazardous waste are used motor oil, fuel and fuel filters.
DO NOT use food or plastic containers to dispose of
hazardous waste.
■
ALWAYS clear the work area of any debris, tools, etc. that
would constitute a hazard while the trowel is in operation.
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
ALWAYS check to make sure that the operating area is
clear before starting the engine.
■
No one other than the operator is to be in the working area
when the trowel is in operation.
■
Always observe all applicable compulsory regulations
relevant to environmental protection, especially, fuel storage,
the handling of hazardous substances, and the wearing of
protective clothing and equipment. Instruct the user as
necessary, or, as the user, request this information and
training.
■
ALWAYS store equipment properly when it is not being used.
Equipment should be stored in a clean, dry location out of the
reach of children.
Transporting
Emergencies
■
■
■
ALWAYS know the location of
the nearest
ALWAYS know the location of the
nearest
In emergencies
nearest phone or
Also know the phone numbers of the nearest
ambulance, doctor
information is invaluable in the case of an
emergency and could keep a serious situation from
becoming a tragic one .
fire extinguisher
first aid kit
.
always
keep a phone on the job site
and
.
know the location of the
.
fire department
. This
■
ALWAYS shutdown engine before transporting.
■
Tighten fuel tank cap securely and close fuel cock to prevent
fuel from spilling.
■
Drain fuel when transporting trowel over long distances or
bad roads.
The CA4HC walk-behind trowel is equipped with a number of operation, safety and maintenance decals. Should any of these
decals become unreadable, replacements can be obtained from your dealer.
P
O
W
E
R
R
T
P/N 1848
MODEL
SERIAL NO.
CONTACT
PART S
DEPARTMENT
P/N: 13118
O
W
P/N 2942 WHITE TEXT 13”
L
E
WARNING
To avoid injury,
you MUST read
and understand
operator’s manual
before using this
P/N 11092
machine.
This machine to
be operated by
qualified
personnel only.
Ask for training
as needed.
P/N 35137
P/N 20816
P/N 36099 (ISO Blue)
P/N35137
BELT DRIVE
GEAR DRIVE
CHECK
HOT
CLOCKWISE
GEAR DRIVE
CHECK
COUNTER
CLOCKWISE
LIFTING POINTLIFTING POINT
P/N: 1492
(STANDARD MODEL)
WARNING
ROTATING BLADE
HAZARD
Keep hands
and feet clear
of guard rings.
Stop engine
before servicing.
Engine exhaust and some of
its constituents,and somedust created
by power sanding, sawing, grinding,
drillingand otherconstructionactivities
contains chemicals known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects and other reproductive harm.
Someexamples of thesechemicals are:
of work.To reduce your exposure to
these chemicals:work in aALWAYS
well ventilated area, and work with
approved safety equipment, such as
dust masksthat are specially designed
to filterout microscopic particles.
P/N 20525
P/N: 21455
P/N 21302
LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION
P/N: 11246
LUBRICATION
LUBRICATION
P/N 20936
CA4HC TROWEL— GENERAL INFORMATION
Intended Use
Operate the CA4HC Trowel, tools and components in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions. Use of any other tools for
stated operation is considered contrary to designated use. The
risk of such use lies entirely with the user. The manufacturer
cannot be held liable for damages as a result of misuse.
CA4HC Trowel Familiarization
This walk-behind trowel is designed for the
finishing
Take a walk around the trowel. Take notice of all the major
components (see Figure 2) like the engine, blades, Standard or
Quick Pitch™ handle, etc.
Read
be found throughout this manual and on the trowel. Keep all
safety information in good, readable condition. Operators should
be well trained on the operation and maintenance of the trowel.
Before using your trowel, test it on a flat watered down section of
finished concrete that is free of any debris and other objects.
This trial test run will increase your confidence in using the trowel
and at the same time it will familiarize you with the trowel’s
controls. In addition you will understand how the trowel handles
under actual conditions.
of concrete slabs.
all the safety instructions carefully. Safety instructions will
floating
and
Spider
The vertical output shaft of the gearbox connects to a machined
hub called the
that are used for attachment of blades or other accessories.
Remember as the gearbox output shaft rotates so does the spider
assembly.
Guard Ring
This unit is equipped with a special rotating
designed to allow the operator to run the machine alongside
walls, pipes, and obstructions without marring the surface.
Blades
The blades of the trowel finish the concrete as they are rotated
around the surface. This trowel comes equipped with four
combination
spaced in a radial pattern and attached to vertical rotating
shaft by means of the spider assembly
Centrifugal Clutch
In the event of a trowel runaway condition (operator releases
the handle), a
bring the trowel to a halt.
spider
. The spider has 4 arms that extend outward
(8 in./203mm wide)
centrifugal clutch
CAUTIONCAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTIONCAUTION
guard ring
blades
per rotor equally
.
will stop the engine and
. It is
Engine
This trowel is available with an 4 HP
Refer to the engine owner’s manual for instructions regarding
the operation and maintenance of your engine. Please contact
your nearest Multiquip Dealer for a replacement should the
original manual disappear or otherwise become unusable.
Drive System
Power is transferred from the engine to the gearbox input shaft
via a
V-belt pulley drive system
centrifugal clutch. See Parts section of this manual.
Gearbox
gearbox
The
to the spider assembly. The gearbox controls the rotational speed
of the trowel and is equipped with two shafts (input and output).
is located beneath the engine and transfers power
HONDA gasoline engine
. The pulley engages using a
NEVER attempt to
.
the assistance of another person to help lift the trowel .
Training
For proper training, please use the “TRAINING CHECKLIST”
located in the front of this manual (Page 8). This checklist will
provide an outline for an experienced operator to provide training
to a new operator
Figure 3 shows the location of the basic controls or components,
CA4HC TROWEL
for the
. Listed below is a brief explanation of
each control or component
1.Standard Handle – Employs a "starwheel" for manually
adjusting blade pitch.
2.Foldable Quick Pitch Handle – Employs a lever handle
to quickly adjust blade pitch. Handle folds for storage.
3.Throttle w/ "Kill" Switch – Uses an integrated "kill" switch.
4.Safety Switch – Centrifugal safety switch shuts the engine
off in a "runaway" situation. (Standard Handle)
5.Throttle Control Lever – Controls the speed of the engine.
Move the hand lever towards the operator to increase
engine speed (high), away from the operator to decrease
engine speed (low).
6.Hand Grip/Handle Bar – When operating the trowel, place
both hands on each grip to maneuver the trowel. Replace
hand grips when they become worn or damaged.
7.Engine – Honda GX120 4 H.P. gasoline engine.
8.Pitch Adjust-Standard Handle - Turn clockwise or
counterclockwise to adjust blade pitch.
9.Quick Pitch Handle – Pivots back and forth to adjust blade
pitch.
10.Guard Ring – Helps protect the rotating blades from
damage and helps protect the operator from injury. NEVER
put hands or feet inside the guard ring when engine is
running. NEVER attempt to lift the trowel by the guard ring.
11.Trowel Arm – Provides attachment points for the blades. If
the blades show uneven wear patterns or some blades
wear out faster than others, the trowel arm may need to be
replaced.
12.Blades – This trowel is equipped with special combination
blades. Designed specifically for edging.
13.V-Belt Cover – Remove cover to gain access to the V-belt.
14.Lifting Bale – Provides lifting point for safe lifting of trowel.
15.Thumbwheel Adjuster – Use to adjust throttle cable.
16.Tee Handle – Loosen to fold handle.
17.Trigger Lock – Use to lock blade pitch position.
18."Kill" Switch – Integrated into Quick Pitch Handle.
19.Throttle Lever Idle Detent – Pressed in, the detent will
hold the lever away from the "kill" switch, allowing the
engine to run at idle.
20.Quick Pitch Latching Bolt – Provides secure positioning
of pitch handle into slotted pitch comb.
Figure 4. Honda GX120 Engine Controls and Components
INITIAL SERVICING
The engine (Figure 4) must be checked for proper lubrication and
filled with fuel prior to operation. Refer to the manufacturer's engine
manual for instructions & details of operation and servicing. The
engine shown above is a HONDA engine, operation for other
types of engines may vary somewhat.
1.Fuel Filler Cap – Remove this cap to add unleaded
gasoline to the fuel tank. Make sure cap is tightened
securely. DO NOT over fill.
DANGER
Adding fuel to the tank should be done only
when the engine is stopped and has had an
opportunity to cool down. In the event of a
fuel spill, DO NOT attempt to start the engine
until the fuel residue has been completely
wiped up, and the area surrounding the
engine is dry.
5.Fuel Valve Lever –OPEN to let fuel flow, CLOSE to stop
the flow of fuel.
6.Choke Lever – Used in the starting of a cold engine, or in
cold weather conditions. The choke enriches the fuel
mixture.
7.Air Cleaner – Prevents dirt and other debris from entering
the fuel system. Remove wing-nut on top of air filter
cannister to gain access to filter element.
NOTE
8.Spark Plug – Provides spark to the ignition system. Set
spark plug gap according to engine manufacturer's
instructions. Clean spark plug once a week.
9.Muffler – Used to reduce noise and emissions.
10.Fuel Tank – Holds unleaded gasoline. For additional
information refer to engine owner's manual.
11
13
12
Operating the engine without an air
filter, with a damaged air filter, or a
filter in need of replacement will
allow dirt to enter the engine, causing
rapid engine wear.
2.Throttle Lever – Used to adjust engine RPM speed (lever
SLOW
advanced forward
FAST
).
3.Engine ON/OFF Switch –
OFF
starting,
4.Recoil Starter (pull rope) – Manual-starting method. Pull
the starter grip until resistance is felt, then pull briskly and
smoothly.
11.Oil Drain Plug – Remove this plug to remove oil from the
engine's crankcase.
12.Dipstick/Oil Filler Cap – Remove this cap to determine if
the engine oil is low. Add oil through this filler port as
recommended in Table 4.
13.Output Shaft – Drive power is transferred from the engine
output shaft to the gearbox via a V-Belt pulley drive system.
CA4HC TROWEL— HANDLE ASSEMBLIES
Assembly and Installation
Before the trowel can be put into operation there are some
components that must be installed before the trowel can be used.
This section provided general instructions on how to install those
components. Instruction sheet p/n 21766 Rev A (Standard
Handle), or Instruction sheet p/n 21849 Rev A (Folding Quick
Pitch Handle) provides further details for the handle assembly.
Handle Tube Installation (All Models)
1.Install the
The mounting hardware should be contained in the shipping
container.
handle tube
4
to the gearbox as shown in (Figure 5).
1
3
Figure 6. Throttle Idle-Run Position (Standard Handle
2
1
3
1Throttle Cable
2Throttle Lever
3Run Position
4Idle Position
3.Adjust throttle cable at throttle lever on handle bar. (Figure 8)
CA4HC TROWEL— HANDLE ASSEMBLIES
1
2
3
4
1
1Throttle Lever
2Throttle Cable
3Idle Detent
4Thumbwheel Adjuster
Figure 8. Throttle Cable Adjust
Pitch Cable Installation
1.Expose the pitch cable to maximum by adjusting the handle
pitch to the "no pitch", counter-clockwise position (Standard
Handle)(Figure 9). Pivot the pitch handle forward or no
pitch for the folding Quick Pitch handle, (Figure 10).
3
4
2
Figure 10. "No Pitch" Position (Quick Pitch Handle)
2.Remove any nuts from the pitch cable end. Insert the cable
through the yoke eyelet, (Figure 11). Thread the conical
nut up to the eyelet first. Tighten the conical nut by hand to
remove all the slack from the cable.
3.Thread the brass locking nut up to the conical nut. Use a
wrench to tighten the conical nut up against the yoke boss.
This will lock the cable in place. Use a wrench to tighten up
the brass nut up against the yoke boss.
Figure 9. Pitch cable (Standard Handle)
CAUTIONCAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTIONCAUTION
The Quick-Pitch™ handle is spring loaded, personal injury
or damage could result from improper handling or
installation. Be careful when installing this component.
Considerable force may be
NOTE
required when moving the QuickPitch™ handle forward or
backward.
If your CA4HC TROWEL is equipped with a folding upper handle
(Figure 12), you will need to unfold and adjust the trowel handle
to the upright position prior to operation. It was assembled at the
factory and shipped in its folded or stowed position.
Considerable force may be
NOTE
Unfolding the Trowel for Operation
1.Make sure that the Quick Pitch™
attached to the upper handle bar and the pitch control cable
has slack. Remove the
on the top side of the upper handle bar, by rotating the
knob counter-clockwise.
required when moving the
Quick Pitch™ handle forward
or backward.
handle
T-handle knob
has been
from the swing bolt
2.Move the Quick Pitch™
position and unfold the upper handle bar away from the
engine into the
so that it fits through the slot in the hinge plate. Turn the Thandle knob counter-clockwise securely to hold upper
handle bar in place.
2.When folding the handle assembly, remember to move the
Quick Pitch™ handle forward first to avoid stretching
the throttle cable.
DO NOT operate unless T-Handle Knob is securely in place.
upright
CAUTIONCAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTIONCAUTION
6
handle
position. Re-insert the swing bolt
toward's the operator's
7
1
4
5
2
3
1Operational Position
2Upper Handle
3T-Handle Knob
4Quick Pitch Handle forward
when handle in folded position
5Folded Position
6Trigger Lock
7Quick Pitch Handle
Figure 12. Trowel Folded and Operational Positions
ALWAYS wear approved eye and
hearing protection before operating the
trowel.
NEVER place hands or feet inside the
guard rings while the engine is running.
CA4HC TROWEL— PRE-INSPECTION
Figure 13. Engine Oil Dipstick (Removal)
ALWAYS shut the engine down before
performing any kind of maintenance
service on the trowel.
Before Starting
1.Read safety instructions at the beginning of manual.
2.Clean the trowel, removing dirt and dust, particularly the
engine cooling air inlet, carburetor and air cleaner.
3.Check the air filter for dirt and dust. If air filter is dirty, replace
air filter with a new one as required.
4.Check carburetor for external dirt and dust. Clean with dry
compressed air.
5.Check fastening nuts and bolts for tightness.
Engine Oil Check
1.To check the engine oil level, place the trowel on secure
level ground with the engine stopped.
2.Remove the filler dipstick from the engine oil filler hole
(Figure 13) and wipe clean.
3.Insert and remove the dipstick without screwing it into the filler
neck. Check the oil level shown on the dipstick.
4.If the oil level is low (Figure 14), fill to the edge of the oil filler
hole with the recommended oil type (Table 3). Maximum oil
capacity is 0.48 quarts (.45 liters).
NOTE
Reference manufacturer engine
manual for specific servicing
instructions.
Motor fuels are highly flammable and can
be dangerous if mishandled. DO NOT
smoke while refueling. DO NOT attempt to
hot!
refuel the trowel if the engine is
running
Fuel Check
1.Remove the gasoline cap located on top of fuel tank.
2.Visually inspect to see if fuel level is low. If fuel is low, replenish
3.When refueling, be sure to use a strainer for filtration. DO
Gearbox Oil
1.Determine if the
.
with unleaded fuel.
NOT top-off fuel. Wipe up any spilled fuel.
gearbox
plug located on the side of the gearbox. This plug will be
marked by the "
level of the lubrication oil should be to the bottom of the fill
plug.
check
oil is low by removing the oil
" decal. See Figure 15. The correct
or
V-Belt Check
A worn or damaged V-belt can adversely affect the performance
of the trowel. If a V-belt is defective or worn simply replace the Vbelt as outlined in the maintenance section of this manual.
Belt Guard Check
Check for damage, loose or missing hardware.
Blade Check
Check for worn or damaged blades. Check to see if one blade is
worn out while the others look new. If this is the case there could
be a blade pitch problem. Refer to the maintenance section of
this manual for blade pitch adjustment procedure. Replace any
worn blades.
Centrifugal Clutch
This finisher model is equipped with a
unit automatically stops rotating when the handle is released.
Disconnect the spark plug wire from the spark plug and
secure away from the engine before performing
maintenance or adjustments on the machine.
centrifugal clutch
. The
1
2
1Gearbox
2Oil Level Sight Glass
Figure 15. Gearbox
2.If lubrication oil begins to seep out as the drain plug is
being removed, then it can be assumed that the gearbox
has a sufficient amount of oil.
3.If lubrication oil does not seep out as the drain plug is
being removed, fill with type ISO 680 (P/N 10139) gearbox
lubricant oil until the oil filler hole overflows.