MRV Communications OptiSwitch-100, OptiSwitch-100F User Manual

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

High Density 10/100/1000Mbps Switch

Installation and User Guide

ML43843 Rev.05

MRV Communications, Inc.

URL: http://www.mrv.com

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Standards Compliance

UL 1950; CSA 22.2 No 950; FCC Part 15 Class A; CE-89/336/EEC, 73/23/EEC

FCC Notice

WARNING: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. The user is cautioned that changes and modifications made to the equipment without approval of the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment

It is suggested that the user use only shielded and grounded cables when appropriate to ensure compliance with FCC Rules.

CE Mark

The CE mark symbolizes compliance with the EMC directive of the European Community. Such marking is indicative that the specified equipment meets or exceeds the following technical standards:

• EN 55022 - Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information

• EN 50081-1- Electromagnetic compatibility - of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information

• EN 50082-1 - Electromagnetic compatibility -- Generic immunity standard Part 1: Residential, commercial

• EN61000-4-2 (previously IEC 1000-4-2) - Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement

• EN61000-4-3 (previously IEC 1000-4-3) - Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement

• EN61000-4-4 (previously IEC 1000-4-4) - Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement

• EN61000-4-5 - Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

• EN61000-4-6 - Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

• EN61000-4-8- Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

• EN61000-4-11 – Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

• EN61000-3-2 – Harmonic standard

• EN61000-3-3 – Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker standard

A ‘Declaration of Conformity’, in accordance with the above standards, has been made and is on file at MRV.

This document and the information contained herein are proprietary to MRV and are furnished to the recipient solely for use in operating, maintaining and repairing MRV equipment. The information within may not be utilized for any purpose except as stated herein, and may not be disclosed to third parties without written permission from MRV. MRV reserves the right to make changes to any technical specifications in order to improve reliability, function or design.

Technology Equipment

Technology Equipment Generic Emission standard Part 1 – Residential commercial and light industry environment

and light industry environment

and control equipment Part 4: Section 2 - Electrostatic discharge requirements

and control equipment Part 4: Section 3 - Radiated electromagnetic field requirements

and control equipment Part 4: Section 4 - Electrical fast transient/burst requirements

Part 4: Section 5 – Surge Immunity requirements

Part 4: Section 6 – Immunity to conducted disturbances induces by radio frequency fields

Part 4: Section 8– Power frequency magnetic field immunity requirements

Part 4: Section 11 – Voltage dips short interruptions and voltage variations immunity requirements

• CISPR 22 - Radiated and Line-conducted Class A

• EN 60950 - ITE Safety

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1

EATURE SUMMARY

Feature / Configuration.................................................................................................................... 1

Management ..................................................................................................................................... 2

PPLICATIONS

YPICAL CONFIGURATION

ECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Additional Standards Compliance....................................................................................................3

INSTALLATION ...................................................................................................................................5

NSTALLING THE OPTISWITCH

Rack Mounting..................................................................................................................................5

Front Panel....................................................................................................................................... 5

Rear Panel........................................................................................................................................6

NSTALLING MODULES IN THE OPTISWITCH

The OptiSwitch-100/F Modules........................................................................................................7

ONNECTING POWER

Input Supply...................................................................................................................................... 8

Grounding.........................................................................................................................................8

Module Screws..................................................................................................................................8

ONNECTING ETHERNET DEVICES

Network Connections........................................................................................................................ 8

GETTING STARTED............................................................................................................................9

ONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL

ONNECTING TO THE MANAGEMENT PORT

OGGING INTO THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE

ETTING THE

ERIFYING THE INSTALLATION

CCESSING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE REMOTELY

..............................................................................................................................1

.......................................................................................................................................2

.....................................................................................................................2

.................................................................................................................3

-100/F .................................................................................................... 5

-100/F ............................................................................... 6

............................................................................................................................7

........................................................................................................8

..................................................................................................9

...........................................................................................9

..................................................................................9

IP A

DDRESS

...................................................................................................................10

...........................................................................................................10

...................................................................11

COMMAND LINE INTERFACE....................................................................................................... 12

OMMAND STRUCTURE

NTERING COMMANDS

SYSTEM COMMANDS ...................................................................................................................... 15

OMMANDS SUMMARY

Viewing System Status .................................................................................................................... 15

Viewing the Self-Test Status............................................................................................................16

Enabling / Disabling the Self Test .................................................................................................. 16

Warm-Resetting the Device ............................................................................................................ 17

Cold-Resetting the Device ..............................................................................................................17

Getting the Last Error .................................................................................................................... 17

Resetting to Factory Default Configuration ...................................................................................17

Viewing the Software Filename......................................................................................................17

Setting the Software File Name ...................................................................................................... 19

Viewing the TFTP Server IP Address.............................................................................................19

Setting the TFTP Server IP Address...............................................................................................19

Setting the TFTP Server Mode ......................................................................................................19

Getting the TFTP Download Mode ................................................................................................20

Downloading the Software .............................................................................................................20

BASIC CONFIGURATION................................................................................................................21

ONSOLE COMMANDS

Accessing Keyboard Help............................................................................................................... 21

.......................................................................................................................12

.......................................................................................................................13

.......................................................................................................................15

.........................................................................................................................21

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Displaying the Logo........................................................................................................................22

Clearing the Screen ........................................................................................................................ 22

Logging In ......................................................................................................................................22

Logging Out.................................................................................................................................... 22

Setting the Page Size.......................................................................................................................22

Setting the Command Line Prompt.................................................................................................22

Setting the Prompt Attributes..........................................................................................................23

Setting the Display Message Attributes ..........................................................................................23

Setting the Text Display Attributes ................................................................................................. 23

Setting the Password ......................................................................................................................23

IP C

OMMANDS

Viewing Current IP Address........................................................................................................... 24

Viewing Current IP Configuration .................................................................................................25

Setting an IP Address .....................................................................................................................25

Setting IP Configuration................................................................................................................. 25

Erasing the IP Configuration ......................................................................................................... 26

Configuring a Gateway ..................................................................................................................26

Viewing the Gateway Address....................................................................................................................26

Setting the Gateway Address...................................................................................................................... 27

DDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL

Deleting ARP Table Entries ...........................................................................................................28

Adding an ARP Table Entry ...........................................................................................................28

Viewing ARP Statistics ...................................................................................................................28

Enabling or Disabling the BOOTP.................................................................................................29

Setting the Bootp............................................................................................................................. 29

ORT CONFIGURATION

Viewing the Port Configuration......................................................................................................31

Setting the Port Configuration........................................................................................................31

Setting the Port Speed and Mode................................................................................................................ 31

Configuring the Giga Ethernet Redundant port ............................................................................. 32

Displaying the Gigabit Ethernet Redundant port ........................................................................................ 32

Setting the Gigabit Ethernet Redundant port .............................................................................................. 32

Setting the Port State .................................................................................................................................. 32

Flow Control ..................................................................................................................................32

Viewing Flow Control ................................................................................................................................ 33

Setting Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 33

Port Priority ................................................................................................................................................ 33

ORT TRUNKING

Etherchannel...................................................................................................................................34

Definitions: ................................................................................................................................................. 34

3 Main rules for the EC............................................................................................................................... 34

CLI commands ........................................................................................................................................... 34

Head of Line Block..................................................................................................................................... 35

....................................................................................................................................24

......................................................................................................28

........................................................................................................................29

.................................................................................................................................33

MAC-SECURITY................................................................................................................................. 36

OMMANDS SUMMARY

Setting the Security Port Configuration..........................................................................................36

Displaying the Port Configuration .................................................................................................36

Setting the MAC Security Level......................................................................................................37

Getting the MAC Security Level ..................................................................................................... 37

Getting the Security Entries............................................................................................................ 37

Getting the MS Entry ......................................................................................................................37

Searching for a MAC Security Address..........................................................................................38

Adding a MAC Security Entry ........................................................................................................ 39

Deleting a MAC Security Entry ......................................................................................................39

Clearing a MAC Security Entry...................................................................................................... 39

Modifying a MAC Security Entry ...................................................................................................39

Saving a MAC Security Table......................................................................................................... 40

SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP)............................................................................................. 41

OW THE

STP T

.......................................................................................................................36

OPOLOGY STABILIZES

................................................................................................41

iii

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

PANNING TREE PARAMETERS

OOT BRIDGE

ANUALLY DESIGNATING A ROOT BRIDGE

ELECTING A DESIGNATED SWITCH/BRIDGE

OPOLOGY CHANGE NOTIFICATION

SING

PANNING TREE AND

PANNING TREE COMMANDS

Enabling / Disabling STP...............................................................................................................44

Viewing the Spanning Tree State....................................................................................................46

Viewing the Bridge Parameters...................................................................................................... 46

Configuring the Bridge...................................................................................................................46

Modifying the Bridge Priority .................................................................................................................... 46

Setting the Time Between Messages ..........................................................................................................48

Setting the Hello Time................................................................................................................................ 48

Setting the Forward Delay .......................................................................................................................... 48

Viewing STP Port Configuration.................................................................................................... 48

Setting Ports Configuration............................................................................................................ 49

Setting the Port priority............................................................................................................................... 49

Enabling/Disabling Spanning Tree On a Port.............................................................................................49

Changing the Path Cost............................................................................................................................... 50

SWITCHING DATABASE .................................................................................................................51

EARNING TABLE

Aging Configuration.......................................................................................................................51

Viewing the Aging Time ............................................................................................................................ 51

Setting the Aging Time............................................................................................................................... 52

Viewing an Individual Learning Table Entry ................................................................................. 52

Viewing a Range of Learning Table Entries................................................................................... 53

Deleting an Individual Learning Table Entry.................................................................................55

Deleting Learning Table Entries for a Port.................................................................................... 55

Deleting a MAC Address From the Learning Table.......................................................................56

Adding Static Entries......................................................................................................................56

......................................................................................................................................42

STP

TO MANAGE REDUNDANT LINKS

VLAN R

................................................................................................................................51

............................................................................................................42

........................................................................................42

.......................................................................................42

BPDU......................................................................................... 42

......................................................................................44

ESTRICTIONS

..............................................................................................................44

.......................................................................................44

VIRTUAL NETWORKING................................................................................................................ 57

Getting a VLAN Matrix...................................................................................................................58

Viewing the VLAN Mode ................................................................................................................ 58

Setting the VLAN Mode .................................................................................................................. 58

NTER-SWITCH

MPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS

Tag Field Format ...........................................................................................................................59

Principles of ISVLAN......................................................................................................................59

Viewing the ISVLAN Mode.............................................................................................................60

Setting a Tagged Port.....................................................................................................................60

Modifying the VLAN Tag................................................................................................................61

Removing a Tagged Port ................................................................................................................61

Modifying the VLAN Ports .............................................................................................................61

Server Port......................................................................................................................................61

Creating a Server Port ...................................................................................................................61

Removing a Server Port.................................................................................................................. 62

VLAN.................................................................................................................................................62

Creating VLAN ............................................................................................................................... 62

Viewing VLAN Configuration......................................................................................................... 63

Viewing an Individual VLAN Entry ................................................................................................63

Deleting a VLAN............................................................................................................................. 63

Modifying a VLAN Name................................................................................................................ 65

ANAGEMENT

Viewing the Management Tag ........................................................................................................ 65

Modifying the Management Tag..................................................................................................... 66

Deleting the Management from a VLAN.........................................................................................66

Creating a New VLAN Which Includes the Management Port....................................................... 66

VLAN.........................................................................................................................59

............................................................................................................59

VLAN ........................................................................................................................65

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Setting a Switch Priority Policy...................................................................................................... 67

Viewing the Switch Priority Policy................................................................................................. 67

Modify the VLAN priority...............................................................................................................67

AMPLE CONFIGURATION

Physical Configuration Schema ..................................................................................................... 68

VLAN Server Port Configuration ...................................................................................................68

VLAN configuration........................................................................................................................69

Payroll VLAN Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 69

Finance VLAN Configuration ....................................................................................................................69

Checking the Configuration............................................................................................................69

VIRTUAL BROADCAST DOMAIN..................................................................................................70

VBC M

Viewing the VBC Mode...................................................................................................................70

Setting the VBC Mode.....................................................................................................................70

Creating VBC Domains..................................................................................................................70

Viewing the VBC Table...................................................................................................................71

Deleting a VBC............................................................................................................................... 72

UTILITIES............................................................................................................................................ 73

ING COMMANDS

Starting Ping................................................................................................................................... 73

TOPPING PING

ORT MIRRORING

Setup ............................................................................................................................................... 74

RAME GENERATOR

Setting the Frame Generator..........................................................................................................75

Starting Frame Generation ............................................................................................................77

Stopping Frame Generation ...........................................................................................................77

.........................................................................................................................................70

ODE

................................................................................................................................73

....................................................................................................................................74

................................................................................................................................74

Setting the Monitoring Port ........................................................................................................................74

Monitoring a Port........................................................................................................................................ 74

Saving the Configuration............................................................................................................................75

Stopping Monitoring................................................................................................................................... 75

Viewing the NVRAM Configuration.......................................................................................................... 75

Erasing the NVRAM Configuration ........................................................................................................... 75

– VLAN/S

............................................................................................................................75

ERVER-PORT/TRUNKING PORT

..................................................68

SNMP..................................................................................................................................................... 78

ASE-XYPLEX

SNMP B

SNMP Community String Commands............................................................................................. 78

Viewing the Community String..................................................................................................................79

Setting the Read or Write Community........................................................................................................ 79

SNMP T

STATISTICS ........................................................................................................................................84

C V G R

TROUBLESHOOTING....................................................................................................................... 88

RAPS

Setting Authentication Traps .......................................................................................................... 80

Viewing the Authentication Trap Status..................................................................................................... 80

Enabling/Disabling the Authentication Trap...............................................................................................81

Configuring the Trap Stations ........................................................................................................81

Viewing the Stations List............................................................................................................................ 81

Adding a Station to the List ........................................................................................................................ 81

Deleting a Station From the List................................................................................................................. 83

LEARING THE SWITCH COUNTERS

IEWING STATISTICS ON A PARTICULAR PORT

ETTING COLLISIONS ON A PORT

MON STATISTICS

Viewing Rmon Statistics Group for a Port ................................................................................................. 85

Getting the Packet Size Distribution ........................................................................................................... 86

Viewing the Management Counters............................................................................................................ 86

ONTACTS

SNMP S

ASIC CONFIGURATION

......................................................................................................................................80

...........................................................................................................................................88

UPPORT

...............................................................................................................................85

.......................................................................................................78

...........................................................................................................78

.....................................................................................................84

....................................................................................84

........................................................................................................85

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

APPENDIX A: CONSOLE COMMAND LINE QUICK REFERENCE ........................................89

Commands Groups ......................................................................................................................... 89

Console Commands........................................................................................................................89

System Commands ..........................................................................................................................90

IP Commands ................................................................................................................................. 90

Ping Commands..............................................................................................................................90

Address Resolution Protocol .......................................................................................................... 92

SNMP..............................................................................................................................................92

Switching ........................................................................................................................................ 92

Virtual Networking ......................................................................................................................... 93

Port Monitoring.............................................................................................................................. 94

EtherChannel Command ................................................................................................................94

MAC Security..................................................................................................................................94

Port Configuration .........................................................................................................................95

Statistics.......................................................................................................................................... 95

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)........................................................................................................96

APPENDIX B: SYSTEM DEFAULT VALUES................................................................................ 97

console............................................................................................................................................97

system .............................................................................................................................................97

snmp................................................................................................................................................97

switch-db ........................................................................................................................................97

port configuration........................................................................................................................... 97

spanning tree .................................................................................................................................. 97

APPENDIX C: FIRMWARE DOWNLOAD VIA TFTP................................................................ 101

OWNLOADING ‘CLIENT MODE

OWNLOADING ‘SERVER MODE

TFTP R

ECOVERY

- B

REAKING INTO THE BOOT

’.......................................................................................................101

’ ...................................................................................................... 101

ROM........................................................................ 101

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Introduction

The OptiSwitch-100/F is a robust switch platform, representing the next generation in switching technology. It boasts a combination of cutting-edge hardware architecture, a rich set of Virtual LAN (VLAN) options and advanced network management features.

The functional difference between the OptiSwitch-100 and the OptiSwitch-100F is that the latter supports one high density fiber optic module in the free slot and is slightly taller.

Feature Summary

Figure 1: General view OptiSwitch-100/F

Feature / Configuration

24 switched 10/100Mbps ports and a slot (dport) to accommodate one of the following

•

uplink modules:

Single Gigabit Ethernet port (MM,SM)

•

Dual Gigabit Ethernet ports (MM,SM)

•

8 10/100 auto-negotiation ports module

•

2,4 or 8 100Base-FX ports (MM,SM)

•

2,4 Ethernet module

•

The highest common port speed is automatically set with when connecting any standard

•

compliant (802.3u Auto-negotiation) network device or station

Each 10/100Base port operates in half duplex mode, for shared networks, or in a dedicated

•

full duplex link, running at up to 200Mbps

All ports support auto-polarity detection and correction

•

Store-and-Forward switching

•

Flow Control (IEEE 802.3x) provides effective packet loss protection under heavy load

•

conditions, minimizing delays and retransmission of data, thus improving network performance

Port-Trunking/ Etherchannel (available in the next software release) which enables

•

multiple ports to combine their bandwidth and operate as a single logical link. These features can be used to create a high speed backbone connection between switches

Supports the creation of up to 2000 Virtual LAN

•

Supports the Inter-Switch VLAN tagging standard which enables the creation of multiple

•

groups across the network (IEEE 802.1q)

MAC address table (up to 12K unicast entries)

•

Maximum wire speed throughput on all ports simultaneously

•

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Supports RMON (groups 1,2,3,9), Telnet for rapid fault detection and isolation

•

Port Mirroring

•

Spanning Tree Algorithm prevents broadcast loops

•

Management

•

Applications

A switch boosts network performance by segmenting a single large collision domain into smaller, separate collision domains. It also provides dedicated connections for heavily loaded networks using work stations and servers. In addition, the Full Duplex capability of Ethernet switches permits long distance connectivity for backbone applications or high throughput for high-performance dedicated servers. The OptiSwitch-100/F combines 10/100Mbps switched ports with a slot (dport) for accommodating an optional module.

Fully managed through the comprehensive Network Management System, or any SNMP-based management platform

Extensive Command Line Interface (CLI) management provides out-ofband administration.

Supports status of each port is displayed by a LED on the front panel, indicating active and link status.

private MIB, Ethernet MIB and bridge MIB.. The

MRV’s

MRV

MegaVision

Typical Configuration

The OptiSwitch-100/F switch can connect up to twenty-four 10/100Mbps ports and with a slot (dport) for accommodating an optional module Figure 2 illustrates various connection possibilities: Two OptiSwitch-100/F switches ,with Gigabit Ethernet uplink modules, located in different buildings can be connected via MM or SM fiber optic cable to a Gigabit Ethernet backbone. VLAN Tagging allows the creation of one logical VLAN across all switches. Additional connections include dedicated 10/100Mbps workgroup connections and 100Mbps dedicated servers.

Figure 2: Various Application Possibilities Of The OptiSwitch-100/F

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Technical Specifications{xe "Technical Specifications"}

Compatibility IEEE802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet), IEEE802.3u (Fast Ethernet),

Input Voltage (V) 100-240 VAC ± 10% AC Line Frequency (Hz) 50-60 Hz 50-60 Hz Min. Power Consumption (W) 40 40 Max. Power Consumption (W) 65 65 Physical Height 1U 1.5U Size W x D x H (mm) 443 x 312 x 44.5 443 x 362 x 66.5 Size W x D x H (inches) 17.4 x 12.3 x 1.8 17.4 x 14.2 x 2.6 Weight (kg) 2.0kg 3.2kg Weight (lbs.) 4.4lbs 7.7lbs

Operating Temperature (C )

Operating Temperature (F)

Storage Temperature ( C)

Storage Temperature (F)

Humidity 85% maximum, non-condensing

Diagnostic LEDs Per Port LEDs: Port Activity, Link status ; Per Unit LEDs:

Mounting 19-inch rack mount EIA RS-310C standard Standards Compliance UL-1950, TUV, CSA-22.2 No. 950 ; VCCI ; FCC Part 15, Class

OptiSwitch-100/F OptiSwitch-100/FF

IEEE802.1d (Bridge/Spanning tree), IEEE 802.1q (Vlan Tagging), IEEE802.1p (Priority Queuing), IEEE802.3x (Flow Control), Ethernet MIB, Bridge MIB, RMON (4 Groups)

0°C - 40°C 0°C - 40°C

32°F - 104°F 32°F - 104°F

-10°C - 50°C -10°C - 50°C

14°F - 122°F 14°F - 122°F

Power Status, Management

A, CE

Additional Standards Compliance

* The OptiSwitch-100/F contains a built-in SNMP agent running on the SNMP Processor

Board. This allows each unit to be managed from a centralized management station via any SNMP-compliant NMS.

The SNMP agent software complies with the following standards:

• RFC 1155

May 1990

• RFC 1212

• RFC 1213 -

• RFC 1284

• RFC 1286

• RFC 1757

The OptiSwitch-100/F also supports two

The SNMP agent utilizes UDP/IP (RFC 768, RFC950, RFC1071 and RFC791) as OSI layers 3 and 4 protocols, ICMP (RFC792) and ARP (RFC826) to complete the UDP/IP protocol suite.

- The Structure of Management Information (SMI) for TCP/IP Based Internets,

- The Management Information Base I (MIB I)

The Management Information Base II (MIB II), March 1991.

- The Ethernet MIB

- The Bridge MIB

- The RMON MIB

private MIBs: switch mib and gswitch.mib.

MRV

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

The UDP/IP stack implementation conforms to:

• RFC 1122 -

• RFC 1123 -

Requirements for Internet hosts - communication layers.

Requirements for Internet hosts - application and support

The OptiSwitch-100/F may be managed by any SNMP Manager that conforms to the above standards. It may be fully managed by MegaVision,

MRV’s

multi-platform network management system. For more information on MegaVision, view our web site, or contact MRV for a data sheet.

The OptiSwitch-100/F implements an MRV Enterprise MIB and an MRV Product MIB that may be provided upon request.

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Installation

The OptiSwitch-100/F can operate as a stand-alone unit or in conjunction with any of MRV’s other Ethernet offerings. Switch management is through MRV MegaVision software, any SNMP-compatible NMS, or through the Command Line Interface (CLI).

Installing the OptiSwitch-100/F{xe "NH2064:installing the"}

This section outlines the installation and operation of the OptiSwitch-100/F.

The OptiSwitch-100/F comes as a 19” rack-mountable unit. However, it can be placed either in a rack mount, using the enclosed rack-mount brackets, or on a secure flat surface. Ensure that the unit is within reach of the necessary connections (i.e. power outlet, Ethernet connections, and if the OptiSwitch-100/F will be monitored via the serial port, a PC, UNIX workstation, or modem). The unit is powered by a wide-range power supply for either 110 or 220 VAC operation.

WARNING!

Free airflow must be maintained in order to permit adequate cooling of the unit. Do NOT block any of the unit’s ventilation holes!

Rack Mounting{xe "Rack Mounting"}{xe "NH2064:rack mounting"}

If rack mounted units are installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly, they may require further evaluation by Certification Agencies. The following items must be considered.

1. The ambient within the rack may be greater than room ambient. Installation should

2. Installation should be such that a hazardous stability condition is not achieved due to

be such that the amount of air flow required for safe operation is not compromised. The maximum temperature for the equipment in this environment is 50C. Consideration should be given to the maximum rated ambient.

uneven loading.

Front Panel{xe "Front Panel"}

The front panel of the OptiSwitch-100/F is illustrated below in Figure 3. The table below describes its various components, LED indications and their functions.

Figure 3: Front Panel View OptiSwitch-100

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

OptiSwitch-100/F Front Panel Table{xe "NH2064 Front Panel Table"}

1. Module Panel

2. DB-9 Connector

3. Global LEDs

PWR

MGMT

One of eight module slots

RS-232 connection for Command Line Interface management

Green ON

Green

= power up

= power down

OFF

Rear Panel{xe "Rear Panel"}

The rear panel of the OptiSwitch-800/R, which houses the power connection and ON/OFF switch, is illustrated in Figure 4. Fan holes are located on the left side of the unit (MUST NOT OBSTRUCTED).

Figure 4: Rear Panel View OptiSwitch-100/F

Installing Modules in the OptiSwitch-100/F{xe "NH2064:installing the modules"}

The modules are field-installable modules. Follow the procedure below to ensure proper installation:

1. Power OFF the OptiSwitch-100/F switch.

2. Carefully slide an OptiSwitch-100/F module into a free slot and press firmly to insert.

3. Tighten the thumb screws securely.

4. Power ON the OptiSwitch-100/F switch.

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

The OptiSwitch-100/F Modules

All modules fit in all the chassis except for the 2GE which only compatible with the OptiSwitch-800.

Connecting Power {xe "Power Connection"}

The power cord should be plugged into an easily accessible outlet. A built-in power supply automatically adjusts to any outlet providing between 90 VAC and 264 VAC at 50/60 Hz.

For a 115 volt configuration, the power cord to be used is minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet. One end is terminated in an IEC 320 attachment plug, the other in a NEMA 5-15P plug.

The power cord to be used with a 230 Volt configuration is minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet. One end is terminated in an IEC 320 attachment plug. The other end is terminated as required by/ the country where it will be installed.

FRANÇAIS Utilisez uniquement un câble secteur adapté à 230 volts, de type SJT (SVT) 18/3 minimum, 250 volts AC nominal, 10 Amps, et d’une longueur maximale de 4.5m. l’une des extrêmités étant raccordée à un connecteur Type IEC320, tandis que l’autre extrêmité correspondra aux spécifications du pays concerné.

DEUTSCH Das Netzkabel ist das hauptsachliche Diskonnektionsmittel, es sollte in eine leicht erreichbare steckdos gesteckt werden. Das Netzkabel kann mit einer 230 Volts Konfiguration verwonder werden vom typ: Minimum VDE or HAR, 3 X 1.00 mm2, 250 VAC, 10 Amps, maximal 4.5m long. Ein Ende ontspriche dem Stecker IEC 320. Das andere Ende entspricht den Anfoderungen des entsprechenden Landes.

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OptiSwitch-100/100F

Input Supply{xe "Input Supply"}

Check nameplate ratings to assure there is no overloading of supply circuits that could have an effect on overcurrent protection and supply wiring.

Grounding

Reliable earthing of this equipment must be maintained. Particular attention should be given to supply connections when connecting to power strips, rather than direct connections to the branch circuit.

Module Screws

Securely tighten all screws to a minimum of 4.5 in-lb.

Connecting Ethernet Devices{xe "Connecting the Ethernet Devices"}

For optimum performance, the Ethernet segments connected to the OptiSwitch-100/F must be configured carefully. Generally, the segments should be configured so those machines on a given port communicate primarily among themselves; i.e. most traffic does not need to cross the switch. However, this is not the best configuration for certain situations.

Network Connections{xe "Network Connections"}

The cable connections to the 10/100BaseTX ports can be UTP or STP Category 5 and above, and cable length is limited to 100 meters on each port. STP cable carries a higher quality of signal and is less sensitive to environmental noise. The RJ-45 ports of the switch are defined as MDI-X ports.

The 10/100BaseTX ports on the OptiSwitch-100/F are designed to be connected directly to a workstation, using a standard straight through patch cable. In order to cascade switches or connect a hub to the switch, a crossover cable must be used.

Figure 5: Straight cable connection between a OptiSwitch-100/F and a workstation

Figure 6: Crossover cable connection between an OptiSwitch-100/F and a hub

Page 16

OptiSwitch-100/100F

Getting Started

Conventions Used in this Manual

The following are conventions used to explain command usage in this manual:

Enter commands by typing the command name followed by one or more parameters (if

•

required) and pressing the Enter key. For example, typing Enter key at the command prompt displays the Administrative Interface banner.

banner

and pressing the

Items printed in the

•

Courier font in a box

The is used to show examples of CLI screen output.

•

The

•

Courier Italicized font

values. For example,

123.1.2.3.

Items in {} and separated by

Example :

get-comm { read | write | *}

This means you can type one of the following:

get-comm read

get-comm write

get-comm *

Courier bold font

represents command variables (arguments) and

represents an IP address in dotted decimal notation as

IP address

represent alternatives for the argument.

are to be typed exactly as they appear.

Connecting to the Management Port{xe "management port:connecting to"}

With the product we supply a management cable. You can use it to get access to the management port.

To configure the serial ports do the following items:

Connect the cable provided to the management port and communication interface (COM1

•

or COM2) of your PC.

Start Windows HyperTerminal and create a new connection with the property set to

•

9600 bits per second, 8 bits per character and no flow control.

Start HyperTerminal session and then type Enter to get the login prompt.

Logging into the Command Line Interface{xe "command line interface:logging into the"}

The Command Line Interface (CLI) is protected with a login name and password.

To access the CLI the Network Administrator has to provide his name and a password.

Please Login username: don password: (not echoed)

The factory default password is a null string. To log in just press the Enter key. Once you are logged into the CLI, you may change the password to avoid unauthorized access.

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Setting the IP Address{xe "IP Address:setting the"}

To manage the MegaSwitch using an SNMP Network Management Application or to use the ping command to test the switch, it is necessary to assign an IP Address, a netmask and a broadcast address. The Network Administrator should assign the IP address in accordance with the existing IP addressing schema.

set-ip-cfg

NOTE:

set-ip

Set the IP configuration with the according to the IP address class.

SYS_console> set-ip-cfg? set-ip-cfg set IP addres, Netmask, Broadcast [arg #0] IP address [arg #1] Netmask [arg #2] Broadcast

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console> set-ip-cfg 192.1.1.64 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.255

If the switch has no IP Address, then the provided IP Configuration will change the running parameters

as well as the NVRAM-based database. If the switch was already configured, the command will only

change the NVRAM database. Consequently, to use the new parameters you should reset the Switch,

using the warm-reset command.

You can also use the simplified command. In this particular case, the mask and broadcast are automatically set to defaults according to the IP address class.

SYS_console> set-ip? set-ip set IP address [arg #0] IP address

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console> set-ip 192.1.1.64

set-ip-cfg

command. automatically set to defaults

Verifying the Installation{xe "Installation:testing the"}

After the installation is complete and the IP Address configured, use the utility ping to test the connectivity (For information on ping, refer to the utilities chapter).

ping

The ping command sends an echo request to the host specified in the command line. For example, to test connectivity from the Switch to a workstation with an IP Address of

192.1.1.1, use the following command:

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SYS_console>ping?

ping ip traffic generator [arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] Number of packets to send or 0 for less ping

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console> ping 192.1.1.1 100

Accessing the Command Line Interface Remotely{xe "Accessing the Command Line Interface Remotely"}

When the switch has an IP address, the administrative interface can be accessed by remote through Telnet. All commands work exactly as if the serial interface were being used. Please note that only one console session may be active at any given time. This means that after the first Telnet session is established, all other Telnet connections are refused until the current session is closed.

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Command Line Interface

The CLI provides the following: {xe "command line interface (CLI)"}

Configuration of system parameters, including the serial line and / or the console’s

•

parameters

Configuration of the switch’s SNMP Agent parameters

•

Configuration of the ports’ parameters.

•

Network performance monitoring.

•

Virtual LANs operations

•

Statistics operations

•

Spanning Tree operations

•

Command Structure{xe "command line interface:command structure"}

The CLI has several categories of commands:

Console related commands: help, banner, console parameters setup, etc.

•

System related commands: reset commands, download commands, initialize the NVRAM

•

with defaults, etc.

IP commands: parameter setup, parameter and information display, etc.

•

SNMP agent related commands: parameter setup, management and traps options

•

Switching Database related commands: aging time management and Switching Database

•

entry management

Virtual LAN commands

•

Port Configuration related commands

•

Switching statistics commands

•

Spanning Tree related commands

•

See the quick reference at the end of this manual for the command list sorted by subject.

at the CLI prompt displays a list of all the available command topics and a short

Typing explanation about each. Typing in one of the names off this list yields a list of the commands under that topic.

SYS_console>?

Commands groups are:

---------------------- console Console related commands system System related commands ip IP related commands snmp SNMP related commands switch-db Switching Database related commands vlan Virtual LANS related commands echannel EtherChannel Commands mac-security MAC security related commands port-cfg Port Configuration related commands statistics Switching Statistics related commands sp-tree Spanning Tree related commands

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

use ! for previous cmd, ^U to clear line, ^W to clear previous word

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note: ^ = CTRL key

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Entering Commands{xe "command line interface:entering commands"}

Enter commands by typing the command name followed by one or more parameters (if required) and pressing the Enter key. For example, typing key at the command prompt displays the Administrative Interface banner.

If a command is entered incorrectly, a message is displayed indicating the type of error that occurred. For example, typing a nonexistent command gives the following message:

SYS_console> pin command <pin> not found

If the command exists but the number of parameters is incorrect, the following message is displayed:

SYS_console> ping too few arguments <0 <2

To get the syntax and explanation of a command, type a question mark name:

SYS_console> ping ? ping IP traffic generator [arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] number of packets to send or 0 for endless ping SYS_console> ping _

banner

and pressing the Enter

After the command

that the command is repeated after the prompt, and you have only to add the necessary

Note

parameter/s. If you add a question mark after the first parameter, the same explanation is provided and the previous command is redisplayed, including the provided parameters.

SYS_console> ping 129.1.1.7 ? ping IP traffic generator [arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] number of packets to send or 0 for endless ping SYS_console> ping 129.1.1.7 0

The CLI provides a history of the last commands. Type

or Ctrl-P at the prompt to recall the

last command in the command history.

To correct a command line, use the following special keys (see the

or CTRL - P

CTRL - W

CTRL - U

- call the previous command

- delete the previous word

- erase the entire line

help-kbd

command):

When a command has more than one screen-full of text to print, you can continue to scroll or stop the process.

The

Courier Italicized font

For example,

Ipaddress

represents an IP address in dotted decimal notation as 123.1.2.3.

represents command variables (arguments) and values.

Items in {} and separated by

Example :

get-comm { read | write | *}

represent alternatives for the argument.

This means you can type one of the following:

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get-comm read

get-comm write

get-comm *

To retrieve a list of commands with a common beginning, type the first keyword(s), followed by a question mark. For example:

sys_console>get ? . Commands matching <get->

-------------------------------------------------------------------- get-stst-level show the selftest level get-last-err displays information about the last fatal error get-sw-file retrieves the SNMP Agent Software file name get-tftp-srvr retrieves the TFTP download server IP address get-tftp-mode retrieves the TFTP download mode get-ip show current IP address get-ip-cfg show current IP configuration get-gatew show default gateway get-arp-tbl display the ARP table get-arp-stats get ARP statistics get-bootp retrieves the state of the BOOTP process get-comm show current read or/and write community get-auth shows the traps authentication mode get-traps show destination stations in the trap list get-lt-16 gets 16 LT entries starting at a given index get-lt-entry gets an LT entry at index get-hdw-vlan get VLAN entry from switching hardware get-lt-age retrieves the LT aging period

--Hit any key for more...<’q’-for quit, Esc-for paging cancel> sys_console>

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System Commands

Commands Summary{xe "system commands"}

The System Commands let you display and set the system-related parameters. Type system to display system related commands.

sys_console>system

System related commands

---------------------------------------------------------------------

sys-stat show system status

get-stst-level show the selftest level

set-stst-level change the selftest level

warm-reset warm reset of the device

cold-reset cold reset of the device

get-last-err displays information about the last fatal error

init-nvram initialize NVRAM to default values

get-sw-file retrieves the SNMP Agent Software file name

set-sw-file sets the SNMP Agent Software file name - for download

get-tftp-srvr retrieves the TFTP download server IP address

set-tftp-srvr sets the TFTP download server IP address

set-tftp-mode sets the TFTP download mode

get-tftp-mode retrieves the TFTP download mode

sw-dnld software download BY TFTP

set-fg-param sets the Ethernet frame generator parameters

start-fg starts the Ethernet frame generator

stop-fg stop the Ethernet frame generator

sys_console>

Viewing System Status{xe "system commands:viewing system status"}

sys-stat

This command displays general status information about the Ethernet Switch and its SNMP Agent Hardware and Software:

SYS_console>sys-stat MRV OptiSwitch-800 Version 2.24 Tue Apr 20 14:47:06 1999 SNMP Object ID is : < 1.3.6.1.4.1.629.16.3.1 > System MAC Address : 00-20-1a-00-e1-f4 Switching Data Base Size: 12288 entries Number of ports : 64 Total uptime(hundredths of seconds ): 331200 Total uptime(days, hh:mm:ss format): 0 days, 0:55:12.00 Mainboard hardware: Revision 0 Management card revision: i960-Jx Slots hardware revisions - i/f 1 : description [Port 1 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 2 : description [Port 2 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 3 : description [Port 3 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 4 : description [Port 4 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 5 : description [Port 5 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 6 : description [Port 6 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP]

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i/f 7 : description [Port 7 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 8 : description [Port 8 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 9 : description [Port 9 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 10 : description [Port 10 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 11 : description [Port 12 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 13 : description [Port 13 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 14 : description [Port 14 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 15 : description [Port 15 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 16 : description [Port 16 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 17 : description [Port 17 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 18 : description [Port 18 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 19 : description [Port 19 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 20 : description [Port 20 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 21 : description [Port 21 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 22 : description [Port 22 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 23 : description [Port 23 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 24 : description [Port 24 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP] i/f 25 : description [Port 25 - 1000 BaseFx ETHERNET Port] : status [UP]

The screen displays the following information:

The device name

•

The SNMP Agent Software version and release date

•

The device SNMP Object ID

•

The device MAC Address

•

The Switching Database size

•

Number of ports

•

The system uptime in 1/100 sec as well as in days, hours, minutes and seconds

•

The main board hardware

•

The management card revision

•

The slot hardware revision

•

Viewing the Self-Test Status

get-stst-level

This command shows the hardware Self-Test status.

SYS_console>get-stst-level Selftest is enable

Enabling / Disabling the Self Test{xe "system commands:enable/disable self test"}

set-stst-level

This command changes the hardware Self-Test level. If the Self-Test is disabled, the system boots without running hardware diagnostics. If enabled, the system performs the diagnostics. It is enabled by a default.

SYS_console>set-stst-level enable Device selftest level parameter change in the NVRAM.

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Warm-Resetting the Device{xe "system commands:warm reset"}

warm-reset

This command resets the SNMP Agent software. The Switch configuration is changed according to the values stored in the NVRAM. This command permits you to refresh the Switch configuration after a change of the NVRAM parameters. The statistics counters are also reset by the warm-reset command.

Cold-Resetting the Device{xe "system commands:cold reset"}

cold-reset

This command causes the switch to device off and on.

cold-reset

. Cold reset is equivalent to turning the

Getting the Last Error{xe "system commands:getting the last error"}

get-last-err

This command retrieves the number of warm resets since the last hardware reset. It also displays the last fatal error message and the time since that error happened.

SYS_console>get-last-err System information since the last hardware reset

----------------------------------------------- Software resets number : 0 Fatal error text : Fatal error uptime : 0 days, 0:15:36.00

NOTE:

The software resets number implies executed warm resets commands after the last cold reset.

Resetting to Factory Default Configuration{xe "system commands:resetting to factory defaults"}

init-nvram

This command resets the non-volatile RAM on the SNMP Agent to default values. Changes take effect after a boot (warm or cold reset).

Viewing the Software Filename{xe "system commands:updating software"}

get-sw-file

This command retrieves the SNMP Agent Software file name.

Example

SYS_console>get-sw-file

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NVRAM based remote software file name is flash58x.hex

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Setting the Software File Name{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

set-sw-file

Sets the name of the file downloaded by TFTP. This name must match the name of the agent software file on the TFTP server.

set-sw-file <filename>

Viewing the TFTP Server IP Address{xe "system commands:viewing TFTP server IP address"}

get-tftp-srvr

This command retrieves the IP address of the TFTP server, which the Agent will use to download software (see

SYS_console>get-tftp-srvr The IP address of the remote TFTP server is: 000.000.000.000

sw-dnld

Setting the TFTP Server IP Address{xe "system commands:setting TFTP server IP address"}

set-tftp-srvr

This command sets the IP address of the TFTP server used for downloading.

set-tftp-srvr <IP address>

Setting the TFTP Server Mode{xe "system commands:setting the TFTP server mode"}

set-tftp-mode

This command sets the TFTP server mode.

Upgrading the product’s software can be done in two different ways:

Download from computer to the unit initiated from the unit itself with the appropriate

•

command (

The unit acts as a client consuming from the computer, so a TFTP daemon should be started into the computer, and TFTP mode should be set to

Upload from the computer to the unit initiated from the computer itself,

•

sw-dnld

client

in the unit.

The units acts as a server offering a TFTP service to the computer, so the computer should use a TFTP client to upload the software into the unit that should be set to

server mode.

SYS_console> set-tftp-mode {client|server} Switch Tftp client/server is enabled for next download.

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Getting the TFTP Download Mode{xe "system commands:getting the TFTP download mode"}

get-tftp-mode

This command retrieves the TFTP download mode and requires no argument.

SYS_console>get-tftp-mode Tftp server will operate on next software download

Downloading the Software{xe "system commands:downloading the software"}

sw-dnld

This command starts the software download process from the remote TFTP server specified by the

set-tftp-srvr

command. The switch will reboot before starting the download. The progress of the process appears under the form of a dot displayed at regular interval. Once the download is finished the software is copied into the non-volatile RAM then the equipment reboots.

command, retrieving the file specified by the

set-sw-file

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Basic Configuration

Console Commands{xe "basic configuration"}{xe "console commands"}

This is a set of commands that let you configure the CLI parameters and user interface. To view the console commands, type

console

sys_console>console

Console related commands

-------------------------------------------------------

help-kbd lists the console functional keys

banner display banner

clear clear screen

logout exit the Admin Interface and any Telnet session

set-page set console page

set-prompt change the console prompt

set-attr-prompt set prompt attributes

set-attr-msg set message attributes

set-attr-text set text attributes

set-passwd change the console password

sys_console>

------

Accessing Keyboard Help{xe "Accessing Keyboard Help"}

help-kbd

This command lists the console function keys.

SYS_console>help-kbd

---------------------------------------------------- ^U (or Escape) - clear the line ^W - clear the previous word ! or ^P - for previous command TAB - for command completion ? - help, depending on position: in 1st column - list of the categories in command - list of the completions in parameters - list of the parameters # - with line number - repeat command from history, for example: #26

- without line number - show history list

-----------------------------------------------------

NOTE: ^ = CTRL key

The

function key lists three information types: categories, completions, and parameters.

Access them as follows:

3. At

sys_console>,

enter ? to display categories.

4. At

5. At

sys_console>,

enter

set-port-?

enter

set-port-cfg ?

to display completions.

to display parameters.

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Displaying the Logo{xe "console commands:display the logo"}

banner

The logo.

banner

command displays the MRV Switch OptiSwitch-100/F Administrative Interface

Clearing the Screen{xe "console commands:clearing the screen"}

clear

This command clears the screen (no argument is required with this command).

Logging In{xe "console commands:logging in"}

The

session. This allows you to test a password (or other activity) without reconnecting.

command exits the Administrative Interface, but will not disconnect a Telnet

Logging Out{xe "console commands:logging out"}

logout

The

logout

access will request you to login again.

command will end the actual Administrative Interface Session. Any further

Setting the Page Size{xe "console commands:setting the page size"}

set-page

This command determines how many lines of data are displayed when you enter a command.

SYS_console> set-page? [arg #0] page size in lines: 5..127 or 0 for no pageing

Setting the Command Line Prompt{xe "console commands:setting the line command prompt"}

set-prompt

The

set-prompt

Administrative Interface. With the prompt command, you can set a more meaningful prompt, such as a location of the switch, or the name of a workgroup. The default prompt is:

SYS_console>

set-prompt <new_prompt>

command allows you to set a new command line prompt for the

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SYS_console> set-prompt? [arg #0] new prompt

An example of the changing the prompt is the following:

SYS_console> set-prompt R&D_grp> R&D_grp> _

Setting the Prompt Attributes{xe "console commands:setting the prompt attributes"}

set-attr-prompt

This command sets the prompt attributes.

set-attr-prompt <number of option>

SYS_console> set-attr-prompt ? [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse

Setting the Display Message Attributes{xe "console commands:setting display message attributes"}

set-attr-msg

This command sets the display message attributes.

set-attr-msg <number>

SYS_console> set-attr-msg ? [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse

Setting the Text Display Attributes{xe "console commands:settting text display attributes"}

set-attr-text

This command sets the text display attributes.

set-attr-text <number>

set-attr-text ? [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse

Setting the Password{xe "console commands:setting the password"}

The console requires you to enter a password in order to log in, thus preventing unauthorized access. The system first prompts you for the original password. Then you are asked to input a new password, and then type it again for verification. The password is not echoed to you.

set-passwd

command allows you to change the console password. The

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NOTE:

If you change the default password, and then the password is lost, you must call MRV

Customer Support for assistance in accessing your unit.

If you enter the old password incorrectly, or verify the new password incorrectly, the password will not be changed.

set-passwd

SYS_console>set-passwd Enter old password: xxxxx Enter new password: yyyyy Enter new password again: yyyyx Error : different new passwords

If the password change succeeds, the system responds accordingly.

SYS_console>set-passwd SYS_console> Enter old password: xxxxx Enter new password: yyyyy Enter new password again: yyyyy CLI running password changed

IP Commands{xe "IP Commands"}

This section lists the IP Configuration commands available to the command line interface. It is separated into different sections to allow for simpler reference: IP Commands and Address Resolution Protocol configuration commands are in this chapter. Ping commands are located in the utilities chapter.

SYS_console> ip

IP related commands

-------------------------------------------------------------------- get-ip show current IP address set-ip set IP address get-ip-cfg show current IP configuration set-ip-cfg set IP address , netmask and broadcast clear-ip-cfg cleans the NVRAM based IP configuration get-gatew show default gateway set-gatew define default gateway get-arp-tbl display the ARP table del-arp-entry deletes an entry/all entries(*) of the ARP table add-arp-entry add an entry to the ARP table get-arp-stats get ARP statistics ping IP traffic generator ping-stop stop the ping process get-bootp retrieves the state of the BOOTP process set-bootp enables or disables the BOOTP process activation

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Viewing Current IP Address{xe "IP commands:viewing current IP address"}

get-ip

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This command shows the device’s current IP address, if any.

If no IP Configuration defined:

•

SYS_console> get-ip The device has no IP Address defined

If IP Configuration already defined:

•

SYS_console> get-ip The device IP address is: 194.090.136.187

Viewing Current IP Configuration{xe "IP commands:viewing current IP configuration"}

get-ip-cfg

This shows the complete current IP configuration - address, network mask and broadcast address.

If no address is defined:

•

SYS_console> get-ip-cfg The device has no IP Address defined

address was previously defined:

If an

•

SYS_console> get-ip-cfg The device IP address, netmask and broadcast are: IP address : 194.090.136.187 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 255.255.255.255

Setting an IP Address{xe "IP commands:setting an IP address"}

set-ip

This command sets the IP address of the SNMP Agent. If no IP address was previously set (as is the factory default configuration), the new value is used immediately and saved into NVRAM. Otherwise, the new value is only stored in the NVRAM, and you must execute a

warm-reset

SYS_console> set-ip? [arg #0] IP address

to make the change effective.

Setting IP Configuration{xe "IP commands:setting IP configuration"}

set-ip-cfg

This command sets the IP address, network IP mask, and broadcast IP address. If no IP configuration was previously set (as is the default factory configuration), the new values are used immediately and saved into NVRAM. If a previous IP configuration was being used, the new configuration is saved in NVRAM. In order to use the newly defined values immediately, reset the system using the

warm-reset

command.

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SYS_console> set-ip-cfg? [arg #0] IP address [arg #1] Netmask [arg #2] Broadcast

NOTE:

If the IP configuration is not specified, the agent will not respond to any in-band

requests, including ping messages.

If no IP Configuration is defined:

•

SYS_console>set-ip-cfg 194.90.136.187 255 255.255.0 255.255.255.255 Device IP Address set for this session Device IP Address change in the NVRAM OK The device NVRAM IP configuration will be: IP address : 194.090.136.187 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 255.255.255.255

If the IP Configuration is already defined:

•

SYS_console>set-ip-cfg 194.90.136.187 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.255 Device IP address unchanged for this session Device IP Address change in the NVRAM OK

The device NVRAM IP configuration will be: IP address : 194.090.136.187 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 255.255.255.255

Perform a

warm-reset

to use the newly defined parameters.

Erasing the IP Configuration{xe "IP commands:Erasing IP configuration"}

clear-ip-cfg

This command clears the NVRAM IP configuration.

SYS_console>clear-ip-cfg Device IP Configuration cleared

Configuring a Gateway{xe "Configuring a Gateway:viewing gateway address"}

Viewing the Gateway Address

get-gatew

This command shows default gateway address.

SYS_console>get-gatew The default gateway address is : 000.000.000.000

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Setting the Gateway Address{xe "Configuring a Gateway:setting

gateway address"}

set-gatew

This command sets the default gateway IP Address. This command lets you specify the address of the router interface used to access a different IP network for NMS. The default value for the default gateway IP address is 0.0.0.0

SYS_console> set-gatew? [arg #0] IP address of default gateway

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-gatew 194.90.136.254 Device Default Gateway change in the NVRAM OK Device Default Gateway changed to : 194.90.136.254

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Address Resolution Protocol{xe "Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)"}

get-arp-tbl

This command displays the ARP table of the NMS agent. The ARP table contains information relating IP addresses to MAC addresses and interface numbers. It also shows the TTL (TimeTo-Live) value for each entry.

SYS_console>get-arp-tbl If Ip MAC TTL ============================================= 01 194.090.136.254 08-00-87-1d-9b-32 1200 01 194.090.136.010 00-20-1a-01-3f-18 1200 01 194.090.136.028 08-00-09-9d-5e-30 900

Deleting ARP Table Entries{xe "Address Resolution Protocol:deleting ARP table entries"}

del-arp-entry

This command deletes entries from the ARP table. If an matching arp entry will be deleted. If * is specified, the entire ARP table will be flushed. This command should be used if the network topology has physically changed, e.g. if a management station has been moved from one segment to another, thus changing its interface number.

del-arp-entry {<IP address>|*}

IP address

Adding an ARP Table Entry{xe "Address Resolution Protocol:adding ARP table entry"}

add-arp-entry

This command adds an entry to the ARP table.

add-arp-entry <IP address> <mac_address> <Interface>

SYS_console>add-arp-entry 194.90.136.133 00-11-22-33-44-55 1 ARP Table Entry successfully added

Viewing ARP Statistics{xe "Address Resolution Protocol:viewing ARP statistics"}

is specified, the

get-arp-stats

This command gets ARP statistics.

SYS_console>get-arp-stats InMsgs: : 0 InErrors : 0 InIllegals : 0 InBadOpcode : 0 InRequests : 0 InReplies : 0

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InReqNotForMe : 0 OutMsgs : 0 OutErrors : 0 OutRequests : 0 OutReplies : 0 ResolveReqs : 0 SYS_console>

Enabling or Disabling the BOOTP

get-bootp

This command retrieves the state of the BOOTP process.

Setting the Bootp

set-bootp

This command enables or disables the BOOTP process activation

opt. [arg #0] either <enable | disable>; default : enable opt. [arg #1] abort timeout <sec.>; 0-forever; default : 60

Port Configuration{xe "Port Configuration"}

This section contains instructions for configuring and displaying the ports’ parameters with the Administrative Interface. Type

sys_console> port-cfg

Port Configuration related commands

---------------------------------------------------------------------

get-port-cfg displays the configuration of all the ports

set-port-cfg selects speed(10/100/auto-neg) and duplex : half/full

get-ger-cfg displays the configuration of a Giga Ethernet

Redundant port

set-ger-cfg set configuration mode of a Giga Ethernet Reduandant

port

set-port-state enables/disables the port

set-fctrl sets the port flow control: enable or disable

get-fctrl gets the port flow control request: enable or disable

set-tag-outbound-mode Enable/Disable VLAN Tag Checking

get-tag-outbound-mode Show VLAN Tag Checking

set-port-priority-cfg set priority for port

get-port-priority-cfg get the port priority configuration

set-hol-block-mode enable or disable head of line block mode

get-hol-block-mode get head of line block mode

---------------------------------------------------------------------

sys_console>

port-cfg

to view the related commands.

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Viewing the Port Configuration{xe "Port Configuration:viewing"}

get-port-cfg

This command displays the port configuration.

get-port-cfg {<slot number>.<port number in slot> pipe all}

SYS_console>get-port-cfg all PORT_ID LAN_TYPE LINK IF_TYPE SPEED_SEL LAN_SPEED FDPLX FCNTRL ENABLE ============================================================================== 1 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 2 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 3 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 4 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 5 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 6 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 7 ETH10/100 ON TP AUTO 100Mbps ON DISABLED ON 8 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 9 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 10 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLE ON 11 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 12 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 13 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 14 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 15 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 16 ETH10/100 OFF TP AUTO Not Set OFF DISABLED ON 17 ETH1000 OFF FO FORC1000 1000Mbps N/A DISABLED ON Switch is in relax backoff mode.

Setting the Port Configuration{xe "Port Configuration:setting"}

Setting the Port Speed and Mode{xe "Port Configuration:setting port

speed and mode"}

set-port-cfg

• PORT_ID:

An interface number.

• LAN_TYPE:

• ETH-10/100

• ETH1000

• LINK

• IF TYPE

: ON/OFF if ON a device is connected to the port and the link is UP

: TP (twisted pair) / FO (fiber optic)

• SPEED_SEL

• LAN_SPEED

• FDPLX: OFF

• FCNTRL

• ENABLE

: DISABLED/ENABLED

: ON = port is enabled (default), OFF = port is disabled

indicates Gigabit Ethernet

: AUTO / FORC10/100/1000

: The speed that has been negotiated between entities.

= Half Duplex, ON = Full Duplex

This command selects speed (10/100/auto-neg) and duplex mode (half/full).

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set-port-cfg <port-number> <speed> <mode>

sys_console>set-port-cfg? [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot> [arg #1] enter either {auto|100|10} opt.[arg #2] enter either {half|full}; default : half

sys_console>set-port-cfg 2 100 half

Configuring the Giga Ethernet Redundant port{xe "Port Configuration:setting"}

Displaying the Gigabit Ethernet Redundant port

get-ger-cfg

This command

get-ger-cfg

SYS_console> get-ger-cfg? [arg #0] <slot number>

displays the configuration of a Giga Ethernet Redundant port

{<slot number>}

Setting the Gigabit Ethernet Redundant port

set-ger-cfg

This command sets the configuration mode of a Giga Ethernet Redundant port (nbase (GER<>GER); standard (GER<->2 GEs); manual-right or manual.

set-ger-cfg

SYS_console> set-ger-cfg? [arg #0] <slot number> opt.[arg #1] enter either {nbase|std|man-r|man-l}; default : nbase

{<slot number> <default:nbase>}

Setting the Port State{xe "Port Configuration:setting the port state"}

set-port-state

This command can be used to enable or disable a port when the Spanning Tree algorithm is not running.

set-port-state <port number > {enable|disable}

opt. [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default:all opt. [arg #1] enter either {enable|disable}; default:enable

Flow Control{xe "Port Configuration:flow control"}

Ports are compliant to flow control specifications 802.3x or Back-pressure. You can set a port to perform flow control only if this port is in full duplex mode. Otherwise, Backpressure will be applied to control the incoming flow of data.

When the port is configured to do 802.3x flow control the switching engine sends a continuous flow of idle frames to avoid deadlocks.

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If the port does Backpressure the mechanism is slightly different in the sense that instead of sending idle frames the switching engine sends a collision signal.

Viewing Flow Control{xe "flow control:viewing"}

get-fctrl

This command displays the status of the flow control function.

get-fctrl {run|nvram|all}

SYS_console>get-fctrl ?

get-fctrl gets the port flow control request: enable or disable opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all}; default : run opt.[arg #1] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>;default : all

Setting Flow Control{xe "flow control:setting"}

set-fctrl

This command sets a port’s flow control mode.

SYS_console>set-fctrl set-fctrl sets the port flow control: enable or disable [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot> opt.[arg #2] enter either {enable|disable}; default : enable

Port Priority

set-priority-port-cfg

This command sets the priority of a port. All the rames received from the ort destined to the port are forwarded according to the configured priority.

SYS_console> set-priority-port-cfg set-priority-port-cfg sets the priority configuration [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt. [arg #1] port index in format <slot number><port number in slot> default : all opt. [arg #2] port priority: 1..8 (1..4- low 5...8 high) default : 1

get-priority-port-cfg

This command displays the priority of the port.

SYS_console> get-priority-port-cfg get-priority-port-cfg displays the priority configuration [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : ru

Port Trunking{xe "Port Trunking"}

This feature is also known as Etherchannel. It allows equipment to pass data through multiple physical links, providing an extended bandwidth and redundancy.

NOTE: If you want to use this feature in conjunction with VLAN note that you must set

exactly the same VLAN configuration for each physical link that belongs to Trunking/Etherchannel group

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Etherchannel{xe "port trunking:getting trunk configuration"}

Definitions:

The EC may include Fast Ethernet ports or Gigabit Ethernet ports, but no mix of the two types. The EC may be connected only to an EC of the other switches .

Every EC may include ports (Fast Ethernet) ONLY from one group, it is not possible to build the EC from ports (Fast Ethernet ports) that are not members of the same group.

Examples:

Ports: 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 - Legal EC.

1-2-3-4 Legal EC

9-10-15 Legal EC

18-20-22-24 Legal EC

1-2-3-10 Illegal EC

8-9-10 Illegal EC

3 Main rules for the EC

• About frame transfer:

All source addresses received by any of the ports included in the EC will be distributed between all ports of the EC for learning. The rule of the distribution: all ports will learn the same number of source addresses.

The EC transmits all unknown, broadcast, and multicasts (including BPDU) frames through one port only. The EC transmits all known (Destination Address) frames according to the learned addresses.

• Ethernet Channel and STP.

All ports of the EC participate as one port in the Spanning Tree Process.

The EC has a lower path cost than the single port.

• Ethernet Channel and VLAN

If any port that is a member of EC is also a member of a VLAN then all members of that EC must be defined as member of that VLAN also.

Connections

Although not recommended, some of the EC ports may be disconnected.

CLI commands

In CLI was added new submenu 'echannel' which contains a group of commands for Ethernet Channel support.

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Short notation:

- Symbol '|' between parameter's values says that user can choose one of these values.

-'opt' says that this parameter is optionally. If user doesn't enter it, it's value is as default ( after 'default' word').

Ethernet Channel definition commands

new-ec

This command creates Ethernet channel.

SYS_console> new-ec

new-ec creates a new EthernetChannel [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt. [arg #1] Ports - ports list in format: S1.D1-...-Sn.Dn

get-ec-tbl

This command gets the Ethernet Channels table. User can get either runtime or permanent EthernetChannel List.

SYS_console> get-ec-tbl

get-ec-tbl shows the EthernetChannel [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}

get-ec-entry

This command gets one Ethernet Channel configuration. User can get either runtime or permanent Ethernet Channel configuration.

SYS_console> get-ec-entry

get-ec-entry shows the EthernetChannel entry [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram};default : run opt.[arg #1] EtherChannel index (from get-ec-tbl); default : 1

del-ec

This command removes the EthernetChannel.

SYS_console> del-ec

del-ec removes the EthernetChannel opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} opt.[arg #1] EtherChannel index (from get-ec-tbl)

Head of Line Block

set-hol-block-mode

This command enables or disables the head of line block mode.

SYS_console> set-hol-block-mode set-hol-block-mode enable or disable head of line block mode [arg #0] hol-mod

e: either {disable|enable}

get-hol-block-mode

This command displays the head of line block mode.

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Mac-Security

Commands Summary{xe "system commands"}

This set of commands provides intrusion control functionality on a per port and MAC address combination. To view the mac-security commands, type

sys_console>mac-security

MAC security related commands

------------------------------------------------------------

set-security-port-cfg sets the security mode for a port

get-security-port-cfg displays the MAC security

configuration

set-security-level sets the level of MAC security

get-security-level gets the level of MAC security

get-ms-16 gets 16 MAC security entries

starting at a given index

get-ms-entry get an MS entry at index

find-ms-addr searches for an address in the MAC

security table

add-ms-entry adds an MS entry

del-ms-entry removes an MS entry at index

clear-ms-port clean an MS entries for port

ms-port-modify Modifies the port in MAC security

entry

save-ms Saves current learned table (lt) as

MAC security table (ms)

sys_console>

mac-security

Setting the Security Port Configuration{xe "system commands:viewing system status"}

set-security-port-cfg

This command sets the security mode for a port. If a port is in the Disabled mode it will not restrict access based on the MAC address.

SYS_console>set-security-port-cfg? set-security-port-cfg sets the security mode for a port [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt.[arg #1] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default all opt.[arg #2] enter either {enable|disable}; default : enable

Displaying the Port Configuration{xe "system commands:enable/disable self test"}

get-security-port-cfg

This command displays the MAC security configuration.

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SYS_console>get-security-port-cfg get-security-port-cfg displays the MAC security configuration [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram};default : run

Setting the MAC Security Level{xe "system commands:warm reset"}

set-security-level

This command sets the level of the MAC security.

SYS_console> set-security-level? set-security-level sets the level of the MAC security [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt.[arg #1] security <none|port|switch>;default : none

Getting the MAC Security Level{xe "system commands:warm reset"}

get-security-level

This command sets the level of the MAC security.

SYS_console> get-security-level? get-security-level gets the level of the MAC security opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} default : none

Getting the Security Entries{xe "system commands:getting the last error"}

get-ms-16

This command gets 16 MAC security entries starting at a given index.

SYS_console> get--ms-16? get-ms-16 gets 16 MAC security entries staring at a given index [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram opt.[arg.#1] ms-entry-index(decimal): 1-MAX MS SIZE or * for the next batch; ault : * opt.[arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

Getting the MS Entry{xe "system commands:getting the last error"}

get-ms-entry

This command provides the MS entry at the index.

SYS_console> get--ms-entry? get-ms-entry gets an MS entry at index [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram opt.[arg.#1] ms-entry-index(decimal): 1-MAX MS

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Searching for a MAC Security Address{xe "system commands:updating software"}

find-ms-addr

This command searches for an address in the MAC security table.

SYS_console> find-ms-addr? find-ms-addr searches for an address in the MAC security table [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg.#1] MAC address in hex format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx [arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

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Adding a MAC Security Entry{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

add-ms entry

This command adds a MAC security entry.

SYS_console> add-ms-addr? add-ms-addr adds an MS entry [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg.#1] MAC address in hex format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx [arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

Deleting a MAC Security Entry{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

del-ms entry

This command add a MAC security entry from the MAC security table.

SYS_console> del-ms-addr? del-ms-addr removes an MS entry at index [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg.#1] ms-entry-index(decimal): 1-MAX MS

Clearing a MAC Security Entry{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

clear-ms port

This command clears a MAC security entry for port.

SYS_console> del-ms-addr? del-ms-addr removes an MS entry at index [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

Modifying a MAC Security Entry{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

ms-port-modify

This command modifies the port in the MAC security entry.

SYS_console> ms-port-modify? ms-port-modify modifies the port in MAC security entry [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg.#1] ms-entry-index(decimal): 1-MAX MS [arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

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Saving a MAC Security Table{xe "system commands:setting the software name"}

save-ms

This command saves current learned table (lt) as MAC security table.

SYS_console> save-ms? save-ms saves current learned table (lt) as MAC security table (ms) [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt.[arg #2] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

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Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

The switch software supports {xe "Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)"}IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) which ensures the existence of a loop-free topology in networks that contain any arrangement of devices.

STP produces a logical tree topology to ensure that a single path exists between any two end stations on an interconnected network. STP also provides a high degree of fault tolerance. It allows the network to automatically reconfigure the spanning tree topology if there is a bridge or data-path failure.

Multiple paths to a destination can be good, as in the case of using secondary paths to provide redundant links in the event of problems with the primary link. It can also lead to bad network performance when problems arise from having more than one path. STP allows for redundancy without the performance problems.

How the STP Topology Stabilizes{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:STP Topology Stabilizing"}

The switch software incorporates the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to prevent the duplication of paths in an interconnected network.

When a switch with STP enabled starts up, it assumes that it is the Root Bridge and puts

•

all of its external ports into ‘listening’ mode. The switch then sends a configuration BPDU listing its bridge ID as being the Root Bridge ID (MAC address and priority) on all its external ports.

As each switch port receives a configuration BPDU, the switch compares the Root Bridge

•

information in the BPDU to its current Root Bridge information. If the bridge priority or MAC address Root Bridge information in the BPDU supercedes the switch’s current Root Bridge information, the switch sets the new Root Bridge ID and configuration information as current and sets the root interface. The switch then adds it own pathcost to the Root Bridge pathcost and resends this information on its external ports.

If the root information received by the port does not supercede the current bridge information, the port compares the bridge ID in the message to its own bridge ID. If the root information received by the port supercedes the current bridge information, the port makes the received bridge ID as the designated bridge.

When the forwarding delay time expires, the switch checks the status of each interface. If

•

the switch interface is either the root interface or a designated bridge for the interface, the port is set to forwarding. Otherwise it is blocked.

Periodically, the Root Bridge sends a Hello BPDU out on all of its external ports. If a

•

switch does not receive a Hello BPDU from the Root Bridge, within the period of time specified by the Maximum Age Timer, the switch assumes that the network is reconfiguring and STP starts again.

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Spanning Tree Parameters{xe "Spanning Tree Parameters"}

Normally, each switch or bridge in a network participates in STP. The units work together as peers to determine which links are to forward packets between LANs, and which links are to be blocked. Links that forward packets are chosen based on which link has the lowest pathcost and priority. Redundant paths are blocked, unless another link which is a forwarding link is deactivated, at which the blocked link then goes into a forwarding state.

NOTE: MRV switches are compatible with STP software that conforms to the IEEE 802.1D

specification. They are not compatible with other STP versions that do not conform to this specification (for example, the DEC STP implementation). If you install a OptiSwitch-100/F switch in a network where other devices are using nonconforming (i.e., not 802.1D) STP, you must make sure that no loops exist in the network topology.

Root Bridge{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:root bridge"}

Units that participate in STP compete to be the Root Bridge of the switched network. At startup, each unit broadcasts an STP message called a Configuration Bridge Protocol Data Unit (Configuration BPDU) through each of its interfaces, announcing its bridge ID, including its priority value and MAC address.

The unit with the lowest priority value is recognized as the Root Bridge. In the event of a tie, the unit with the lowest MAC address becomes the Root. After the STP topology stabilizes, Hello BPDUs are periodically sent by the Root bridge and are propagated down the Spanning Tree by other bridges in the switched network. Each bridge adds its own pathcost before forwarding.

Manually Designating a Root Bridge{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:manually designing a root bridge"}

By assigning priority values to the switches in your network, you can designate which unit is to be the Root Bridge, which is to be the 1st backup Root Bridge, 2nd backup Root Bridge, etc. There are no rules for selecting a Root Bridge. However, most commonly the Root will be located in the middle of the network or at the corporate data center . For instructions on assigning Priority values, refer to the Spanning Tree Commands section.

Selecting a Designated Switch/Bridge{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:selecting designated Switch/Bridge"}

When a LAN has multiple switches connecting it to a remote LAN, the units compete to determine which can provide the best service to the LAN. The units that can provide the best service is recognized as the Designated Switch/Bridge for the LAN. Other units provide standby connections.

Topology Change Notification BPDU{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:topology change notification"}

A non-Root interface sends a Topology Change Notification BPDU (TCN BPDU) over its Root interface any time it believes that the network topology has changed.

The following circumstances can cause this to happen:

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A Root interface gives up its Root status and the topology state is changing.

•

A switch receives a TCN BPDU from another unit via a non-Root interface.

•

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An interface's state changes (it enters the Forwarding state) . When a Root interface receives a

•

TCN BPDU, it sets a Topology Changing flag in its Hello BPDU for an interval that is twice the length of the Forward Timer. When a non-Root interface receives a Hello BPDU with this flag set, it quickly ages its dynamic filter s so that it can relearn its filters based on the new topology.

Using STP to Manage Redundant Links{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:managing redundant links"}

Multiple switches can be connected to form a larger switched network, without using STP the connections between the switches would form a loop. STP should be used to block one of the connections. If the primary connection fails for some reason, STP will reconfigure the topology and direct all inter-switches traffic on the redundant link.

Spanning Tree and VLAN Restrictions{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:VLAN restrictions"}

STP is resolved by the Management entity in the switch. Accordingly the ports involved in the redundant connection must belong to the Management VLAN.

Spanning Tree Commands{xe "Spanning Tree Commands"}

sys_console>sp-tree

Spanning Tree related commands

---------------------------------------------------------------------

get-stp displays the Spanning Tree session state

set-stp enables/disables the Spanning Tree - for the next

session

get-st-bcfg retrieves the Spanning Tree Bridge Parameters

get-st-pcfg retrieves the Spanning Tree port parameters

table

set-br-prio sets the Spanning Tree bridge priority

set-br-maxage sets the Spanning Tree bridge Max Age

set-br-hellot sets the Spanning Tree bridge Hello Time

set-br-fwdel sets the Spanning Tree bridge Forward Delay

set-prt-prio sets the Spanning Tree Port priority

set-prt-enb sets the Spanning Tree Port - enable or disable

set-prt-pcost sets the Spanning Tree Port path cost, 0 = auto

sense

Enabling / Disabling STP{xe "Spanning Tree commands:enable/disable STP"}

set-stp enable

This command enables or disables the spanning tree. Note enabling or disabling the Spanning Tree will not take effect until the SNMP agent is reset, via

reset

SYS_console> set-stp enable?

, or a power cycle. The default is disabled.

warm-reset, cold-

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Set-stp enables/disables the spanning tree – for the next session opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default; all opt.[arg #1] either <enable|disable>;default : disable

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Viewing the Spanning Tree State{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:viewing spanning tree state"}

get-stp

This command retrieves the current state of Spanning Tree.

sys_console> get-stp Running spanning tree engine is disable Next session of the Spanning Tree engine will be disabled.

Viewing the Bridge Parameters{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:viewing bridge parameters"}

get-st-bcfg

For determining Root in a spanning tree network, the MAC address is a tie breaker when priority values for devices are equal. In this case, the unit with the lowest MAC address becomes the root. For OptiSwitch-100/F products, the lowest numbered switch has the lowest MAC address.

SYS_console>get-st-bcfg

802.1D SPANNING TREE BRIDGE INFO ================================== Designated Root : 0000-0000-0000-0000 Bridge Priority : 32768 ( 0x8000 ) Root Cost : 0 Root Port : none Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Hold Time : 1 Forward Delay : 15 Bridge Max Age : 20 Bridge Hello Time : 2 Bridge Forward Delay : 15

------ The time units are seconds

Configuring the Bridge{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:configuring the bridge"}

Modifying the Bridge Priority{xe "configuring the bridge:modifying

bridge priority"}

set-br-prio

By modifying the bridge priority you are able to choose which component will become the Root Bridge in your network. Decrease the priority to a value below the lowest priority you can see in the other switches if you want this bridge to be the Root Bridge. integer in the range 0..65535. The default is 32768.

priority

is an

set-br-prio <priority>

sys_console> set-br-prio? set-br-prio sets the Spanning Tree bridge priority opt.[arg #0] bridge priority 0..65535; default : 0x8000

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An example to execute the bridge priority is the following:

SYS_console>set-br-prio 32768 The Bridge Priority was changed

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Setting the Time Between Messages{xe "configuring the bridge:setting

time between messages"}

set-br-maxage

This command sets amount of time between Spanning Tree configuration messages. Note that

sys_console> set-br-maxage? set-br-maxage sets the Spanning Tree bridge Max Age opt.[arg #0] bridge MaxAge 6..40 seconds; default : 20

maxage

set-br-maxage <maxage>

Setting the Hello Time{xe "configuring the bridge:setting hello time"}

set-br-hellot

is displayed in seconds with the range of 6..40. The default is 20.

delay"}

This command sets the Spanning Tree bridge’s the range 1..10. Note that

set-br-hellot <hello_time>

sys_console> set-br-hellot? set-br-hellot sets the Spanning Tree Hello time opt.[arg #0] bridge Hello Time 1...10 seconds; default : 2

hello_time

hello_time. hello_time

is displayed in seconds. The default is 2.

is an integer in

Setting the Forward Delay{xe "configuring the bridge:setting forward

set-br-fwdel

This command sets the Spanning Tree Bridge Forward Delay, which controls the amount of time between the listening and forwarding states of a port. displayed in seconds in the range 4..30. The default is 15.

set-br-fwdel<forward_delay>

sys_console> set-br-fwdel? set-br-fwdel sets the Spanning Tree bridge Forward Delay opt.[arg #0] bridge Forward Delay 4..30 seconds; default : 15

forward_delay

is an integer

Viewing STP Port Configuration{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:viewing STP port configuration"}

get-st-pcfg

This command retrieves Spanning Tree port parameter table. If Spanning Tree is disabled, no parameters will be retrieved.

get-st-pcfg {<port-number>|all}

get-st-pcfg {<port-number>|all} opt. [arg#0] port index in format <slot number><port number in slot>; default:all

sys_console> get-st-pcfg 2 YS_console>get-st-pcfg

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STP PORT TABLE ================ ID Prior State PathCost DesigRoot DesigCost DesigBridge DesigPort

--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8001 D 2 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8002 D 3 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8003 D 4 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8004 D 5 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8005 D 6 128 FWD 10 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 0 8000-0020-1a00-a70b 8006 D

Setting Ports Configuration{xe "Spanning Tree Protocol:setting ports configuration"}

Setting the Port priority{xe "setting ports configuration:setting port

set-prt-prio

This command sets the Spanning Tree port priority, and gives ports priorities for blocking.

port_number

is the decimal port number, and

1..255. The default is 128.

set-prt-prio <slot number>.<port_number> <port_priority>

sys_console> set-prt-prio? set-prt-prio sets the Spanning Tree port priority [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot> opt.[arg.#1] port priority 0..255;default:128

The following is an example:

SYS_console>set-prt-prio 1 128 Priority was changed for port 1

Enabling/Disabling Spanning Tree On a Port{xe "setting ports

configuration:enable/disable STP on a port"}

set-prt-enb

This command enables or disables spanning tree on a port. The default is enabled.

set-prt-enb <port-number> {enable|disable}

port_priority

is an integer in the range

sys_console> set-prt-enb? set-prt-enb sets the Spanning Tree port – enable or disable [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot> opt.[arg.#1] either <enable | disable> ; default:enable

The following is an example:

SYS_console>set-prt-enb 1 enable The Port State was changed to <enable> for port 1

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Changing the Path Cost {xe "setting ports configuration:changing path

set-prt-pcost

This command sets the path cost of a port, where port_number and

path_cost

is an integer path cost in the range 1..65535. Using 0 as

is the integer port number,

path_cost

causes the switch to calculate the path cost automatically according to the port speed. The default values are 4, 10, and 100.

set-prt-pcost <slot number>.<port_number> <path_cost>

sys_console> set-prt-pcost? set-prt-pcost sets the Spanning Tree port path cost, 0 = auto sense [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot> opt.[arg.#1] Port Path Cost 0..65535;default:10

The following is an example:

SYS_console>set-prt-pcost 1 10 The Port Path Cost was changed for port 1

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Switching Database

This chapter contains {xe "Switching"}instructions for managing the Switching Database with the Command Line Interface. Type

sys_console>switch-db

Switching Database related commands

-------------------------------------------------------------------

get-lt-16 gets 16 LT entries starting at a given index

get-lt-entry gets an LT entry at index

add-lt-entry adds an LT entry

find-lt-addr searches for an address in the CPU LT

del-lt-addr removes an entry with a given address

del-lt-entry removes an LT entry at index

del-lt-port forget lt entries for port

get-lt-age retrieves the LT aging period

set-lt-age sets the LT aging period

The Switching Database consists of 12K entries. Each active entry contains the information relevant to a workstation, characterized by its Ethernet MAC Address. Each entry contains the following information.

switch-db

to view related commands.

Learning Table{xe "switching:learning table"}

The following section lists commands relevant to the Learning table and Aging mechanism of the switch. The

index

one and the maximum size of the Switching Database Table (12K).

Aging Configuration{xe "learning table:aging configuration"}

Viewing the Aging Time{xe "aging configuration:viewing aging time"}

get-lt-age

This command displays the Switching Database Aging Time in seconds. The default value for the Aging Time is 300 seconds. The Aging Time is the time-out period for dynamically learned forwarding entries. An entry whose MAC address does not appear in the source field of an incoming packet for a period equal to the Aging Time is discarded.

sys_console> get-lt-age? get-lt-age gets 16 LT entries starting at a given index opt.[arg #0] lt entry index (decimal): 1-MAX LT SIZE or * for the next batch; ault: * opt.[arg.#1] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>;default:all

The following is an example:

contained in the following commands is an integer number between

sys_console> get-lt-age Running aging period: 300 seconds CURRENT aging period: 300 seconds NVRAM aging period: 300 seconds

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Setting the Aging Time{xe "aging configuration:setting aging time"}

set-lt-age

set-lt-age opt.{run|nvram|all } opt.<aging_time>

This command lets you modify the Switching Database Aging Time. The change may be made:

• all

(Default) - In both the running and the NVRAM databases. This value is used if

no optional value is entered.

• run

• nvram (

(Optional) - In the running database so that the new value is used immediately.

Optional)-In the NVRAM, meaning that the change occurs only in the next

session.

The

aging_time is in seconds. The factory default value is 300 seconds. Use a lower value

if the number of active workstations at a given moment is larger than the size of the Switching Database. The aging time can be anywhere between 10 and 11,000 seconds. 0 is used for aging OFF.

set-lt-age sets the LT aging period opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all}; default : all opt.[arg #1] aging time in seconds 10..11000, or 0 for ageing off; default : 300

sys_console> set-lt-age run 400 Aging Period update – OK

Viewing an Individual Learning Table Entry{xe "learning table:viewing an individual entry"}

get-lt-entry

This command displays the entry at entry number in decimal (between 1 and 12288).

in the Switching Database, where

index

is the

get-lt-entry <index>

SYS_console>get-lt-entry 1 Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT SELF Vid T ================================================================= 1 00-20-1a-00-8c-3f + -NONE- + 0000 -

Entry -

MAC Address

Signifies the index in the Switching Database Table.

contained in an entry or given as a parameter is printed as a 6-byte

hexadecimal sequence separated by the ‘-‘ sign. For example:

00-20-1A-00-01-29

LOCK -

If on (denoted as a +), the entry will not be deleted by the switch aging process (static entry). If off (denoted as a -), this is a dynamic entry that may be automatically deleted by the switch aging process if the MAC address is not active during the aging time period.

DPORT

SELF

- The destination port to which frames with the stated address will be forwarded.

(not user configurable) - If on (denoted as a +), the entry is a system address. These addresses are the switch’s individual and group addresses, as well as other addresses added by the management system. If off (denoted as a -), the entry contains the MAC address of a station connected to the switch.

- The VLAN Identifier (tag) (appears only when features are enabled)

VID

Tag flag (appears only when VLAN feature is enabled).

T –

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Viewing a Range of Learning Table Entries{xe "learning table:viewing a range of entries"}

get-lt-16

Displays 16 learning table entries starting at * (default- continued from the last displayed index) unless alternative command format. If the end of the Learning table is reached, the over from the beginning. By default all ports are displayed unless specific

number in slot> is designated

get-lt-16 opt.<index> opt.<slot number>.<port number in

slot>

get-lt-16 gets 16 LT entries starting at a given index opt.[arg #0] lt-entry index(decimal): 1-MAX LT SIZE or * for the next batch; default : * opt.[arg #1] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>; default : all

SYS_console>get-lt-16 number of entries:124 Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT SELF ==================================================== 1 00-20-1a-00-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 2 00-20-1a-01-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 3 00-20-1a-02-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 4 00-20-1a-03-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 5 00-20-1a-04-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 6 00-20-1a-05-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 7 00-20-1a-06-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 8 00-20-1a-07-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 9 00-20-1a-08-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 10 00-20-1a-09-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 11 00-20-1a-0a-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 12 00-20-1a-0b-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 13 00-20-1a-0c-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 14 00-20-1a-0d-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 15 00-20-1a-0e-a7-c7 + -NONE- + 16 00-20-1a-0f-a7-c7 + -NONE- +

The first displayed entries belong to the system. These entries contain information related to the SNMP Agent and should never be modified or removed. These entries are locked, (a (+) in the LOCK and SELF columns).

is entered. The format of the display is similar to the previous

index

parameter starts the list

<slot number> <port

MAC addresses, noted with a (-) in the LOCK and SELF columns were learned from the port stated in the DPORT field.

Searching the Learning Table for a MAC Address{xe "learning table:searching for a MAC address"}

find-lt-addr

Search for a MAC address in the Learning table. If the

mac_address

Switching Database, the entry is displayed:

find-lt-addr <mac_address> <VID>

find-lt-addr searches for an address in the in the CPU LT [arg #0] MAC address in hex format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx [arg #1] VLAN Tag <2..4095>;default:0

is found in the

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An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>find-lt-addr 00-20-1a-00-8c-4d 1 Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT SELF Vid T ================================================================= 15 00-20-1a-00-8c-4d + -NONE- + 0000 -

If the requested MAC address is not in the table, an error message is displayed.

Deleting an Individual Learning Table Entry{xe "learning table:deleting an entry"}

del-lt-entry

This command deletes the Learning table entry at number shown in field set (+) is prohibited since they are system addresses.

del-lt-entry <index>

del-lt-entry removes an LT entry at index [arg #0] it-entry index (decimal): 1-MAX LT SIZE

Use the the Switching Database.

del-lt-entry

find-lt-addr

command with caution, as it allows the administrator to change

and

get-lt-16.

CAUTION

index,

where

Deleting entries with the SELF

<index>

Deleting Learning Table Entries for a Port{xe "learning table:deleting port entries"}

del-lt-port

The command deletes the learning table entries for a particular port.

del-lt-port <slot number>.<port number in slot>

del-lt-port forget lt entries for port [arg #0] port index in format <slot number>.<port number in slot>

is the entry

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An example of this is the following:

sys_console> del-lt-port 1

Deleting a MAC Address From the Learning Table{xe "learning table:deleting a MAC address"}

del-lt-addr

Deletes the Learning table entry that matches

mac_address

caution when deleting system entries

is not found in the Learning table. Again, as in the previous command,

with a (+) in LOCK column.

mac_address

. The command fails if

del-lt-addr <mac_address> <Vid>

del-lt-addr removes an entry with a given address [arg #0] MAC address in hex format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx [arg #1] VLAN Tag <2..4095>;default:0

SYS_console>del-lt-addr 00-11-22-33-44-55 MAC Address - 00-11-22-33-44-55 - not in LT

Adding Static Entries {xe "learning table:adding static entries"}

add-lt-entry

Add a Learning table entry to the Switching Database. The command parameters are described at the beginning of this chapter.

add-lt-entry adds an LT entry [arg #0] MAC address in hex format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx [arg #1] port number - <slot number>.<portnumber> [arg #2] S- static (lock on) or D- aging out (lock off) [arg #3] VLAN Tag { 2..4095 } [arg #4] T- tagged or N- untagged

SYS_console>add-lt-entry 01-02-03-04-05-06 1 S 100 N Add LT entry - OK

An example of this is the following:

use

SYS_console>add-lt-entry 01-02-03-04-05-06 1 S 100 N Add LT entry - OK

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Virtual Networking

Virtual Networking{xe "Virtual Networking"} provides the capability to view user communities as a large set of disconnected, yet potentially connectable stations. This allows you to develop and apply your own criteria for grouping users within isolated work groups.

After such groups are created considering these criteria, the groups are actually implemented via hardware and software that, in effect, provide a Virtual Bridging function between all the member stations in a particular group. This collection of stations, referred to as a Virtual LAN, shares a common multicast domain. Members of different Virtual LANs can only communicate via Routers.

In Figure 7, most stations are members of a particular Virtual LAN and have a particular Virtual LAN Number (VLN 2, 3, 4, etc). Those stations not in a particular Virtual LAN are automatically members of the Default Virtual LAN. MAC-layer unicast and multicast traffic propagating within this virtual topology can be separated into two groups: traffic passing between stations within the same Virtual LAN, and traffic passing across Virtual LAN boundaries.

Unicast traffic moving within a Virtual LAN is propagated from its source, directly to its destination. Other stations are not exposed to this traffic (in contrast to repeated environments) unless they ultimately share physical segments with either the source or destination specified in a particular dialog. Multicast traffic is passed to all stations in the Virtual LAN, as if all stations were connected to a single multi-port switch. Traffic cannot pass between Virtual LANs without the aid of a Router. These internetworking devices must be physically connected to the network with a separate physical interface for each Virtual LAN.

This chapter contains {xe "Switching"}instructions to manage the Vlan Network Command Line Interface. Type

sys_console>vlan

Virtual LANS related commands

-------------------------------------------------------------------

get-vlan-matrix retrieves the TAG VLAN connectivity matrix

set-vbc-domain defines a Virtual Broadcast Domain

del-vbc-domain deletes a Virtual Broadcast Domain

get-vbc-tbl displays the Virtual Broadcast Domain Table

get-vbc-matrix retrieves the VBC connectivity matrix

get-vlan-tbl Display VLAN Table

get-vlan-entry Display VLAN entry

new-vlan Make a new VLAN

del-vlan Delete a VLAN

vlan-name-modify Modifies the Name of a VLAN

vlan-tag-modify Modifies the VLAN tag

vlan-ports-modify Modifies the VLAN Ports

vlan-prio-modify Modifies the VLAN priority

set-vlan-mode Set VBC or VLAN Tagging mode

get-vlan-mode Shows VLAN mode

set-mgmt-vlan Set Management VLAN

get-mgmt-vlan-tag Get Management VLAN tag

del-mgmt-form-vlan Returns the Management VLAN tag to default

value (1)

add-mgmt-to-vlan Adds Management to existing VLAN

view related commands.

vlan

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new-srvr-port Set a Vlan Server port(s)

del-srvr-port Del a Vlan Server Port(s)

set-mon-port sets the monitoring port

monitor starts port monitoring

stop-mon stops port monitoring

get-nv-mon retrieves the NVRAM based monitoring

configuration

save-mon saves the running monitoring configuration to

NVRAM

clear-nv-mon clear the NVRAM based monitoring configuration

set-priority-policy set a policy for switch priority

get-priority-policy Get a policy for switch priority

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Getting a VLAN Matrix

get-vlan-matrix

This command retrieves the TAG VLAN connectivity matrix.

SYS_console> get-vlan-matrix [arg #0] column slot

Viewing the VLAN Mode {xe "VLAN mode:viewing"}

get-vlan-mode

SYS_console>get-vlan-mode run Runtime VLAN mode is disabled

get-vlan-mode {run|nvram}

get-vlan-mode shows the VLAN mode [arg.#0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run

NOTE: The following three commands,

vlan

, must be issued in that order.

set-vlan-mode, new-srvr-port

Setting the VLAN Mode{xe "VLAN mode:setting"}

set-vlan-mode

Three modes are available:

vbc, tag

one mode can be defined for running session). The default mode is

. The modes are mutually exclusive (i.e. only

none

, and

new-

set-vlan-mode <database> <VLAN state>

set-vlan-mode set VBC or VLAN Tagging mode opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all}; default : all opt.[arg #1] VLAN state: either {vbc|tag|none}; default : tag

An example of this is the following:

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SYS_console>set-vlan-mode run tag Set run VLAN mode tag - OK

Inter-Switch VLAN{xe "Inter-Switch VLAN (ISVLAN)"}

The inter-switch VLAN conforms to the standard IEEE 802.1q, which describe the method o f passing tagged frames through a physical link. To satisfy the need, the frame format should be changed and 4 more bytes are added to the frame header between the end of address field and the frame type.

Important Considerations{xe "Virtual Networking:Important considerations"}

Before configuring your VLAN, you must perform the following:

Set the VLAN mode to tagged.

•

Set the server ports, (see the Server Port chapter in this manual).

•

Set the tagging ports (see the ISVLAN chapter in this manual).

•

Configure the new VLAN.

•

Configure the management VLAN.

•

Virtual LANs can be used to limit the broadcast domain and to establish secure virtual workgroups. The following parameters are used within the VLAN commands.

indicates that only the currently running configuration is changed. Changes are

• run

not restored after a reset.

• nvram

• all

indicates that only the configuration stored in non-volatile memory is

changed. Changes do not take effect until a warm or cold reset.

indicates that both the currently running configuration and the non-volatile configuration is changed. The changes take effect immediately and will be restored after a reset.

Tag Field Format{xe "Inter-Switch VLAN:tag field format"}

This is a 4 byte long field divided into two sub-fields of 2 bytes, respectively named TPID and TCI. TPID is the contains the user priority, CFI bit, and the VID (VLAN Identifier).

Tag Protocol Identifier, which identifies the tag type of the frame.

Principles of ISVLAN{xe "Inter-Switch VLAN:principles"}

To configure a tagged port that could carry specific tagged frames we will provide you with the necessary information about how our ISVLAN works.

TCI

The port declared as tagged port should belong to all the VLANs you are willing to

•

interconnect between multiple switches with the command set-tag-outbound-mode.

Once you have declared the tagged port you can create the specific VLAN’s using the

•

command set provided in the ISVLAN chapter of this document.

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Viewing the ISVLAN Mode{xe "ISVLAN:viewing ISVLAN mode"}

get-tag-outbound-mode

This command shows the VLAN Tagging ports’ state. A T indicates that the Tagging mode of the port is on, A indicates that the Tagging is off.

get-tag-outbound-mode {run|nvram}

get-tag-outbound show VLAN Tag checking opt.[arg.#0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-tag-outbound-mode run Slot - 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ================================ T T T T T T T T Slot - 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ================================ A T A A A A A A Slot - 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ================================ T A A A A A A A Slot - 4 1 ==== A Slot - 6 1 ==== A

Setting a Tagged Port{xe "ISVLAN:setting a tagged port"}

set-tag-outbound-mode

This command can be used to enable or disable VLAN tagging to port/s on a network on which all nodes support the IEEE 802.1Q standard or a comparably capable network. Do not enable a port connected to a network on which there are any nodes that do not support the IEEE 802.1q standard.

set-tag-outbound-mode {run|nvram|all} <port-list>

{enable|disable}

set-tag-outbound-mode Enable/Disable VLAN Tag Checking [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] ports - ports list in format: S1.D1-S2.D2-...-Sn.Dn [arg #2] VLAN state: either {disable|enable}; default

An example of this is the following:

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SYS_console>set-tag-outbound-mode run 5.8 enable Set run VLAN Tag awareness - OK

Modifying the VLAN Tag

vlan-tag-modify

This command modifies the VLAN tag

vlan-tag-modify Modifies the VLAN tag [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg #1] VLAN index (from get-vlan-tbl [arg #2] VLAN Tag { 2..4095 }

Removing a Tagged Port{xe "ISVLAN:removing a tagged port"}

set-tag-outbound-mode

To remove a previously declared tagged port you have to use the same command.

set-tag-outbound-mode {run|nvram |all}<port-list>{enable|disable}

set-tag-outbound-mode [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] ports - ports list in format: S1.D1-S2.D2-...-Sn.Dn [arg #2] VLAN state: either {disable|enable}

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-tag-outbound-mode run 5.8 disable Set run VLAN Tag awareness - OK

Modifying the VLAN Ports

vlan-ports-modify

This command modifies the VLAN Ports

vlan-ports-modify Modifies the Vlan ports [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg #1] VLAN index (from get-vlan-tbl [arg #2] VLAN Domain - ports list in format: S1.D1-...-Sn.Dn

Server Port{xe "ISVLAN:server port"}

A server port is a shared port among VLANs. This port is seen from every VLAN it belongs to. VLANS can see the port but they cannot use it as a third party to directly communicate.

Creating a Server Port{xe "ISVLAN:creating server port"}

new-srvr-port

This command defines a server port as a VLAN with one port (server) and a dedicated tag. You then define the server port as a member of all the tag-based VLANs from which access is

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desired. Access to the server port is available only to ports of VLANs in which the server port is a member. This is done in order to share a common resource, such as a network server, over the defined tag VLANs.

NOTE:

You must issue the ‘new-srvr-port’ command before the ‘new-vlan’ command(s) for

those VLAN(s) to which it will be made available.

new-srvr-port <database> <slot> <port#> <VTAG>

new-srvr-port Set a Vlan Server port(s) [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] server ports - ports list in format: S1.D1-S2.D2-..-Sn.Dn [arg #2] VLAN Tag { 2 .. 4095 } opt.[arg #3} VLAN priority 1..8(1..4-low, 5..8-high); default : 1

Removing a Server Port{xe "ISVLAN:removing server port"}

del-srvr-port

This command deletes a defined ‘server port’.

del-srvr-port

del-srvr-port [arg#0] database type – either {runnvram}

[arg#1] server ports – ports list in format: S1.D1–S2.D2-…-Sn.Dn

VLAN{xe "VLAN"}

Creating VLAN{xe "VLAN:creating"}

new-vlan

This command creates a new VLAN (

new-vlan <

database> <VLAN-name> <slot> <port> <UTAG

new-vlan Make a new Vlan {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] Name of new vlan [arg #2] VLAN Domain - ports list in format: S1.D1-…-SnDn [arg #3] VLAN Tag { 2 .. 4095 } opt.[arg.#4] VALN priority 1..8 (1..4–low, 5..8–high); default : 1

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>new-vlan all RND 16-17-18-19-7 10 Set run Port VLAN Domain entry – OK

NOTE: If you plan to define a ‘server port’, then you must configure that before you define

the VLANs.

based).

tag

[arg #0] database type - either

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Viewing VLAN Configuration{xe "VLAN:viewing configuration"}

get-vlan-tbl

This command displays the VLAN table.

get-vlan-tbl {runnvram}

get-vlan-tbl Display Vlan Table {run|nvram}; default : run

An exmaple of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-vlan-tbl run Runtime VLAN mode is VLAN Tagging VLAN Table from RUN database (Mgmt tag: 1) RUNTIME VLAN TAG DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== VID NAME TAG Ports =========================================== 1 S SRVR_30 30 1 2 3 4 16 17 18 19 7S 2 RND 10 16 17 18 19 7S 3 FINANCE 20 1 2 3 4 7S

[arg #0] database type - either

Viewing an Individual VLAN Entry{xe "VLAN:viewing a VLAN entry"}

get-vlan-entry

This command displays a specific VLAN entry.

get-vlan-entry {run|nvram}<index>

get-vlan-entry Display VLAN entry opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run opt.[arg #1] VLAN index (from get-vlan-tbl; default : 1

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-vlan-entry run 3 RUNTIME: =========================================== VID NAME TAG Ports =========================================== 3 FINANCE 20 1 2 3 4 7S

Deleting a VLAN{xe "VLAN:deleting"}

del-vlan

This command deletes a VLAN entry. NOTE: You cannot delete both Server and Management VLANs.

del-vlan <database> <VID>

del-vlan Delete a VLAN [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}

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[arg #1] VLAN id (from get-vlan-tbl

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An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>del-vlan run 1 Delete Runtime VLAN Tag Domain entry - OK Runtime VLAN mode is VLAN Tagging VLAN Table from RUN database (Mgmt tag: 1) RUNTIME VLAN TAG DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== VID NAME TAG Ports =========================================== 1 S SRVR_30 30 1 2 3 4 16 17 18 19 7S 2 RND 10 16 17 18 19 7S 3 FINANCE 20 1 2 3 4 7S

If the Management VLAN is deleted, connections to the CPU will be lost (management port).

Modifying a VLAN Name

vlan-name-modify

WARNING

This command modifies the name of a VLAN

vlan-name-modify {run|nvram} <index> <name>

vlan-name-modify Modifies the name of a VLAN [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg #1] VLAN index (from get-vlan-tbl [arg #2] Name of the vlan

Management VLAN{xe "Management VLAN"}

The processor that manages the product (SNMP responses and traps, remote telnet connections) does not belong to a VLAN you have declared previously. Therefore, to get access to the processor through the network MRV recommends that you make the processor a part of a chosen VLAN with the following set of commands.

Viewing the Management Tag{xe "Management VLAN:viewing management tag"}

get-mgmt-vlan-tag

By default the Management processor belongs to (CPU) VLAN tag 1.

get-mgmt-vlan-tag {run|nvram}

get-mgmt-vlan-tag Get Management VLAN Tag [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-mgmt-vlan-tag run Management VLAN tag: 1

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Modifying the Management Tag{xe "Management VLAN:modifying management tag"}

add-mgmt-to-vlan

This command adds management (CPU) to an existing VLAN.

add-mgmt-to-vlan <database> <TAG>

add-mgmt-to-vlan Adds Management to an existing VLAN[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}[arg #1] VLAN Tag {2 .. 4095}

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>add-mgmt-to-vlan run 10 Set Management VLAN TAG 10 –OK

Deleting the Management from a VLAN{xe "Management VLAN:deleting management from VLAN"}

del-mgmt-from-vlan

This command returns the management VLAN tag to default value (1).

del-mgmt-from-vlan {run|nvram}

del-mgmt-from-vlan Returns the Management VLAN tag to default value (1) [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run

The following is an example:

SYS_console>del-mgmt-from-vlan run Del Management VLAN - OK

Creating a New VLAN Which Includes the Management Port{xe "Management VLAN:creating new VLAN that includes management port"}

set-mgmt-vlan

This command creates a new VLAN, which automatically includes the CPU (management port).

set-mgmt-vlan <

set-mgmt-vlan Set VLAN Management [arg #0] database type either {run|nvram|all} [arg #1] Name of Management vlan [arg #2] Management VLAN Domain - ports list in decimal format: S1.D1-S2.D2-….-Sn.Dn [arg #3] VLAN Tag { 2 .. 4095 } [arg #4] VLAN priority 1..8 (1..4 – low, 5..8 –high); default : 1

An example of this is following:

SYS_console>set-mgmt-vlan run v2 1-2-4 20 Set run Management VLAN Domain – OK

database

> <

mVLAN-name> <port-list> <VTAG>

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Setting a Switch Priority Policy

set-priority-policy

This command sets a policy for switch priority.

Set-priority Set a policy for switch priority [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt.[arg #1] priority policy 1..4; default : 2

Viewing the Switch Priority Policy

get-priority-policy

This command retrieves the switch priority policy.

get-priority-policy Get a policy for switch priority [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}

Modify the VLAN priority

vlan-prio-modify

This command modifies the VLAN priority

vlan-prio-modify Modifies VLAN priority [arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg #1] VLAN index (from get-vlan-tbl [arg #2] VLAN priority 1..8 (1..4 - low, 5..8 - high)

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Sample Configuration – VLAN/Server-port/Trunking Port{xe "Virtual Networking:sample configuration"}

In the examples below, a new VLAN server is set to port 5.8 on VLAN tag number 30. The PAYROLL VLAN (tag 10) is set to ports 1.1 to 1.4, and the FINANCE VLAN (TAg 20) is set to ports 6.1 to 6.4. Both of them are given access to the server on port 7.

Physical Configuration Schema

Station 1

Station 2

Station 3

PAYROLL

Station 4

FINANCE

Station

Application server

Figure 7. Physical Configuration Schema

VLAN Server Port Configuration

An example of this is the following:

xe "VLAN sample:VLAN server port configuration"}

{

SYS_console>new-srvr-port run 7 30 Set VLAN Server Ports – OK

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VLAN configuration{xe "VLAN sample:VLAN configuration"}

Payroll VLAN Configuration

An example of this is the following:

xe "VLAN sample:VLAN server port configuration"}

{

sys-console>new-vlan run FINANCE 1-2-3-4-7 10 Set run VLAN Domain entry – OK

Finance VLAN Configuration

An example of this is the following:

xe "VLAN sample:VLAN server port configuration"}

{

sys-console>new-vlan run PAYROLL 8-8-9-10-7 20 Set run VLAN Domain entry – OK

Checking the Configuration

An example of this is the following:

xe "VLAN sample:VLAN server port configuration"}

{

SYS_console>get-vlan-tbl run Runtime VLAN mode is VLAN Tagging VLAN Table from RUN database (Mgmt tag: 1) RUNTIME VLAN TAG DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== VID NAME TAG Ports =========================================== 1 S SRVR_30 30 1 2 3 4 22 23 24 25 7S 2 PAYROLL 20 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 7S 3 FINANCE 10 1 2 3 4 7S

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Virtual Broadcast Domain

Virtual broadcasts domain{xe "Virtual broadcasts domain (VBC)"} is a concept that tends to confine broadcasts in a physical domain, it allows to diminish the bandwidth used by broadcasts, giving by the way more room to the unicast traffic, it also prevents the well known phenomenon called broadcasts storms to affect the entire network. Of course VBC are not made for a security purpose but to improve the efficiency of the communications in a network. VBC disconnect entities belonging to different domain by avoiding the service traffic (broadcasts) to go through. For instance, an ARP broadcast request sent by a machine which belongs to VBC 1 to a machine belonging to VBC 2 will not have an answer, thus the initiating entity cannot resolve the layer 3 address to a MAC address and consequently cannot communicate with the VBC 2 machine.

VBC Mode{xe "VBC Mode"}

Viewing the VBC Mode{xe "VBC Mode:viewing VBC mode"}

get-vlan-mode

This command displays the current VBC mode.

get-vlan-mode {run|nvram}

get-vlan-mode shows vlan mode opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-vlan-mode run Runtime VLAN mode is disabled

Setting the VBC Mode{xe "VBC Mode:setting VBC mode"}

set-vlan-mode

Three modes are available: one mode can be defined for running session). The default mode is

set-vlan-mode <database><VLAN state>

set-vlan-mode set VBC or VLAN Tagging mode opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all}; default : all opt.[arg #1] VLAN state: either {vbc|tag|none}; default : tag SYS_console>set-vlan-mode run vbc Set run VLAN mode vbc- OK

vbc, tag

. The modes are mutually exclusive (i.e. only

none

Creating VBC Domains{xe "VBC Mode:creating VBC domains"}

set-vbc-domain

This command establishes a Virtual broadcast domain. ports to group into a broadcast domain.

port_list

is a dash-separated list of

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set-vbc-domain {run|nvram|all} <port_list>

set-vbc-domain defines a Virtual Broadcast Domain opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram|all} opt.[arg #1] Virtual Broadcast Domain – ports list in format: S1.D1 – Sn.Dn

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-vbc-domain run 1-2-3-4 Set Runtime Virtual Broadcast Domain entry - OK

Runtime VLAN mode is VBC Domain RUNTIME VIRTUAL BROADCAST DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== Ports 11111111 7 VBC 12345678 1 1: ++++---- SYS_console>set-vbc-domain run 5-6-7 Set Runtime Virtual Broadcast Domain entry - OK

Runtime VLAN mode is VBC Domain RUNTIME VIRTUAL BROADCAST DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== Ports 11111111 7 VBC 12345678 1 1: ++++---- 2: ----+++- -

Viewing the VBC Table{xe "VBC Mode:viewing VBC table"}

get-vbc-tbl

This command displays the VBC table.

get-vbc-tbl {run|nvram}

get-vbc-tbl displays the Virtual Broadcast Domain Table opt.[arg #0] database type - either {run|nvram}; default : run

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>get-vbc-tbl run Runtime VLAN mode is VBC Domain RUNTIME VIRTUAL BROADCAST DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== Ports 11111111 7 VBC 12345678 1 1: ++++---- 2: ----+++- -

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Viewing the VBC Matrix{xe "VBC Mode:viewing VBC matrix"}

get-vbc-matrix

This command retrieves the current broadcast Domain matrix for a particular slot. The first column is the source port list. The other columns are broadcast destination ports to which frames from a given source port may be forwarded.

get-vbc-matrix <slot number>

get-vbc-matrix retrieves the VBC connectivity matrix opt.[arg #0] column slot

SYS_console>get-vbc-matrix 1 VBC CONNECTIVITY MATRIX SLOT 1 ================================

SRC to : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 : - + + + - - - 2 : + - + + - - - 3 : + + - + - - - 4 : + + + - - - - 5 : - - - - - + + 6 : - - - - + - + 7 : - - - - + + - 8 : - - - - - - - 1 : - - - - - - - +

NOTE:

In this example the sign ‘+’ at the intersection of rows and columns means that a

connection is established. The sign ‘-’ indicates that there is no connectivity.

Deleting a VBC{xe "VBC Mode:deleting a VBC"}

del-vbc-domain

This command deletes a VBC domain, by

get-vbc-tbl

where domain_id

del-vbc-domain {run|nvram} <domain_id>

del-vbc-domain deletes a Virtual Broadcast Domain [arg.#0] database type - either {run|nvram} [arg.#1] Virtual Broadcast Domain Id – decimal number as shown in the <get-vbc-tbl> command

SYS_console>del-vbc-domain run 1 Delete Runtime Virtual Broadcast Domain entry - OK

Runtime VLAN mode is VBC Domain RUNTIME VIRTUAL BROADCAST DOMAIN TABLE =========================================== Ports 11111111 7 VBC 12345678 1 2: ----+++- -

NOTE:

When you use the set-vbc-domain command with the

runtime and nvram databases are changed. In case you need to delete the mentioned vbc entries, you should run the del-vbc-domain command twice with run and nvram parameters.

is the vbc id number as identified

all

parameter, both the

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Utilities

Ping Commands{xe "Ping Commands"}{xe "utilities:ping"}

Starting Ping{xe "Ping Commands:start ping"}

ping

The ping command is intended for testing the connectivity between the switch and other IP network devices. It is not intended as a traffic generator. Thus, using the endless ping option is not recommended.

Ping the IP address specified number of times or 0 for endless ping. The ping process starts sending one datagram per second until the number of datagrams are sent. It prints one line of output for each response that it receives. The ping command does not return any output if there is no response. Normal response time is 1 to 10 seconds.

ping <IP address> {<number>|0}

This command modifies the VLAN priority

Ping IP traffic generator [arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] number of packets to send or ) for endless ping

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.20 4 SYS_console>194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 1, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 2, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 3, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 4, echo-data-len 0 PING process stopped - statistics : ICMP echo requests : 4 ICMP echo responses : 4 PING process - press <CR> for prompt SYS_console>

If a host does not respond, only statistics are printed. Failure to get an echo response from a host may be due to:

A bad physical connection

•

A non-existent or inactive host

•

Network Unreachable: no corresponding entry in the routing table

•

Destination Unreachable: the default gateway failed to route the datagram

•

Outdated ARP table information - flush the ARP table with the

•

command.

del-arp-entry

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Stopping Ping{xe "Ping Commands:stop ping"}

ping-stop

If you started a ‘long’ ping, use this command, or CTRL-C to stop the active ping process.

Port Mirroring{xe "utilities:port mirroring"}

The port mirroring feature allows you to copy frames from a selected port to a probe port for diagnostic and troubleshooting purposes.

Port mirroring allows you to attach a network protocol analyzer to a probe port to view the types of traffic passing through a particular switch port or ports.

This analysis can help troubleshoot network problems on a port-by-port basis.

Setup{xe "port mirroring:setup"}

Setting the Monitoring Port{xe "port mirroring:set monitoring port"}

set-mon-port

This command sets the monitoring port.

set-mon-port <slot> <port>

set-mon--port sets the monitoring port [arg #0] port containing the monitoring device

The following is an example:

SYS_console>set-mon-port 1 Set of the Monitor Port - OK

Monitoring a Port{xe "port mirroring:monitoring a port"}

monitor

To set the port to be monitored and start the monitoring process decimal port. All traffic from this port will be duplicated on the monitoring port specified by the set-mon-port command.

monitor <slot>.<port number in slot>

monitor start port monitoring [arg #0] port to be monitored

The following is an example:

SYS_console>monitor 4 Start monitoring port 4 - OK

NOTE: The monitoring device must be connected to the monitoring port before monitoring is

activated.

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Saving the Configuration {xe "port mirroring:saving the configuration"}

save-mon

Stopping Monitoring{xe "port mirroring:stop monitoring"}

stop-mon

Viewing the NVRAM Configuration {xe "port mirroring:viewing NVRAM

configuration"}

get-nv-mon

This command saves the current port-monitoring configuration to the NVRAM.

SYS_console>save-mon Save monitoring configuration to NVRAM - OK

Use this command to stop monitoring.

SYS_console>stop-mon Stop monitoring - OK

Erasing the NVRAM Configuration{xe "port mirroring:erasing NVRAM

configuration"}

clear-nv-mon

Frame Generator{xe "Frame Generator"}

Setting the Frame Generator{xe "Frame Generator:setting"}

set-fg-param

This command retrieves the port monitoring information stored with the save-mon command in the NVRAM.

SYS_console>get-nv-mon The NVRAM based monitoring configuration is: Monitored port: 4 Monitor port: 2 Monitor ACTIVE

Use this command to clear the NVRAM configuration.

SYS_console>clear-nv-mon Clear NVRAM monitoring configuration - OK

This command sets the frame generator parameters. hardware addresses in hex. for the first 12 bytes.

set-fg-param <dest> <source> <fill_byte> <length>

set-fg-param sets the Ethernet frame [arg #0] destination address in hex format xx xx xx xx xx xx [arg #1] source address in hex format xx xx xx xx xx xx [arg #2] frame fill pattern – hex byte

length

fill_byte

is the total length of the packet excluding CRC.

is a single byte used to fill the entire packet except

dest

and

source

are dash-separated

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[arg #3] frame length – including DA, SA and type/length

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An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-fg-param 00-0E-DE-02-80-01 00-0D-01-32-11-22 aa 100

Starting Frame Generation{xe "Frame Generator:starting"}

start-fg

This command starts frame generation. generate traffic. For example, a

number in slot)

to be sent on each interface. A specifies the number of packets per second to generate.

start-fg <slot> <port> <count> <rate>

start-fg starts the Ethernet frame generator [arg #0] destination ports list in format: S1.D1-…-Sn.Dn [arg #1] destination ports – ports list in format: S1.D1-…SnDn [arg #2] frame per second

The following is an example:

SYS_console>start-fg 1-2 0 10

will send frames to specified ports.

dport

of 0 specifies an infinite number of packets.

count

is a dash-separated list of ports on which to

dport

range of S1.D1 – S2.D2

specifies the number of frames

count

(slot number.port

rate

Stopping Frame Generation{xe "Frame Generator:stopping"}

stop-fg

This command stops the Ethernet frame generator.

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SNMP

This chapter explains how to use the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP){xe "Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)"} to manage LAN Switch Processors. It assumes that you are using an SNMP-based network management software application such as MRV MegaVision ™ to manage the switches. Hereafter, this document refers to your network management application as a Network Operations Center (NOC).

Additionally, this chapter describes the RMON (Remote Monitoring) application and the type of network management applications that enable you to use RMON.

NB{xe "SNMP:NBase-Xyplex support"}ase-Xyplex SNMP Support

SNMP is an Internet standard protocol, defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comment (RFC) 1157, which specifies how network management information is carried through a network. MRV switches support SNMP by implementing an SNMP agent. The agent stores Management Information Base (MIB) data and makes it available when requested via SNMP Set, Get, and Get_Next requests.

In addition, MRV switches generate SNMP Trap messages. Traps are notices that the switch sends to an SNMP manager indicating that a specific event has occurred, or that the condition of a unit has changed significantly.

SNMP Basic Configuration{xe "SNMP:basic configuration"}

set-ip-cfg

To enable your NOC to communicate with a MRV switch, you must assign it an IP address. Use the following command:

set-ip-cfg <ip-address> < ip-mask> < ip-broadcast>

set-ip-cfg set IP address, netmask and broadcast [arg #0] IP address [arg #1] netmask [arg #2] broadcast

The address you assign must be valid for the network connected to the switch. In a routed network, depending on the switch location, you also need to assign a subnet mask and gateway, as follows:

set-gatew

To make sure that your NOC can exchange information with the switch, Ping the switch from the NOC.

set-gatew <ip-gateway-address>

SNMP Community String Commands{xe "SNMP:community string commands"}

-------------------------------------------------------------------

get-comm show current read or/and write community

set-comm change the read or write community

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SNMP Community strings authenticate access to the MIB (Management Information Base). Community strings function as passwords embedded in every SNMP packet. The community string must match one of the two community strings configured in the switch for the message to be processed. There are two community strings, one for each of the following types of accesses:

• read

• write

- mode gives read access to all the objects in the MIB, but does not allow write access

- mode gives write access to all objects in the MIB

Viewing the Community String{xe "SNMP Community String:viewing"}

get-comm

This command displays the SNMP community string for a given access mode (read or write). If the access mode is specified as *, both the read and the write community strings are displayed.

get-comm {read|write|*}

get-comm show current read or/and write community [arg #0] either {read|write|*}

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console> get-comm * Current read community is: < public > Current write community is: < private >

Setting the Read or Write Community{xe "SNMP Community

String:setting read or write"}

set-comm

This command lets you specify the SNMP community string for each of the two access modes: read and write.

set-comm {read|write} <community-string>

set-comm change the read and write community [arg #0] either {read|write} [arg #1] new comm

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-comm write password New write community is: < password > SYS_console>

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SNMP Traps{xe "SNMP Traps"}

Traps are notices that the switch sends to an SNMP manager indicating a specific event has occurred, or the condition of a unit has changed significantly. SNMP Traps are disabled default.

NOTE: Trap messages do not provide an entirely reliable event notification mechanism; they

can get dropped, and are not acknowledged or retransmitted once dropped.

When the Switch detects an extraordinary event, it generates a trap. A trap is a notification message that may be sent to predefine Network Management Stations. A trap event may be a reset (cold or warm), detection of an interface link status change, an SNMP authentication failure due to an incorrect community string, etc.

The SNMP trap commands let you manage whether or not the device issues an authentication trap to the list of selected SNMP Management Stations. The list has a maximum of five entries.

get-auth shows the traps authentication mode

set-auth modifies the traps authentication mode

get-traps show destination stations in the trap list

add-trap add a destination station to the trap list

del-trap delete a destination station from the trap list

Setting Authentication Traps{xe "SNMP Traps:setting authentication traps"}

The Authentication Failures trap is generated whenever a login attempt fails during the authentication process on a management port.

Viewing the Authentication Trap Status {xe "SNMP Traps:viewing

authentication trap status"}

get-auth

This command displays the authentication trap messages.

SYS_console>get-auth The authentication trap messages are enabled

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Enabling/Disabling the Authentication Trap{xe "SNMP

Traps:enabling/disabling traps"}

set-auth

This command enables or disables the authentication trap.

set-auth {enable|disable}

set-auth modifies the authentication mode [arg #0] traps auth mode: either {enable [arg #1] new comm

An example of this is the following:

SYS_console>set-auth disable The authentication trap message mode change OK The authentication trap messages are DISABLED

Configuring the Trap Stations{xe "SNMP Traps:configure trap stations"}

Viewing the Stations List {xe "SNMP Traps:viewing stations list"}

get-traps

This command displays the Stations list.

SYS_console>get-traps SNMP TRAP TABLE =============== IPADDR COMMUNITY

---------------------------------------------------

194.090.136.126 ----------- public

Adding a Station to the List{xe "SNMP Traps:add station to the list"}

add-trap

The

add-trap

trap community string that appears in the trap message.

add-trap <IP address> <trap-community>

add-trap add a destination station to the trap list [arg #0] IP address [arg #1] community

The following is an example:

SYS_console>add-trap 194.90.136.20 rnd Entry 194.90.136.20 - rnd added SNMP TRAP TABLE =============== IPADDR COMMUNITY

---------------------------------------------------

194.090.136.126 ----------- public

194.090.136.020 ----------- rnd

---------------------------------------------------

command enters the IP Address of the SNMP Management Station and the

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Deleting a Station From the List{xe "SNMP Traps:delete station from

del-trap

The station’s command.

del-trap <IP address>

del-trap delete a destination station to the trap list [arg #0] IP address

The following is an example:

SYS_console>del-trap 194.90.136.20 Entry 194.90.136.20 - deleted

IP address

must be given as shown in the list provided with

get-trap

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Statistics

This chapter contains instructions for displaying the switching statistics{xe "switching statistics"}. Type provide full physical layer information as well as inter-port switching statistics.

sys_console> statistics

Switching Statistics related commands

---------------------------------------------------------------------

clr-cnt clears the switch counters: ethernet and

bridging

get-eth-cnt gets the ethernet counters per port

get-colls-cnt gets the collision distribution counters per

port

get-rmon-cnt gets the ethernet RMON counters per port

get-sdist-cnt gets packet size distribution counters per port

get-mgm-brcnt gets the switching counters of the mgmt port

sys_console>

statistics

to view all the related commands. The commands below

Clearing the Switch Counters {xe "switching statistics:clear switch counters"}

clr-cnt

This command clears the Ethernet and bridging counters.

Viewing Statistics on a Particular Port{xe "switching statistics:view port statistics"}

get-eth-cnt

This command displays port statistics.

get-eth-cnt.<port-number>

get-eth-cnt gets the Ethernet counters per port [arg #0] port index.<port-numberin slot>

The following is an example:

SYS_console> get-eth-cnt 2 Ethernet Statistics for port 2 =================================================== Good Bytes Received : 0 Good Bytes Sent : 0 Good Frames Receive : 0 Good Multicast Frames Receive : 0 Good BroadCast Frames Receive : 0 Frames Sent : 0 Multicast Frames Sent : 0 BroadCastFrames Sent : 0 Receive and Transmit Collisions : 0 Receive and Transmit Late Collisions : 0 Receive CRC or Alignment Error : 0 Receive Frame > 1518 bytes with Bad CRC : 0

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Receive Fragments : 0 Receive Frame > 1518 bytes with Good CRC : 0 ===================================================

Getting Collisions on a Port{xe "switching statistics:getting port collisions"}

get-colls-cnt

This command displays the port collision count.

get-colls-cnt.<port-number>

get-colls-cnt gets the collision distribution counters per port [arg #0] port index in format.<port-number>

The following is an example:

SYS_console>get-colls-cnt 2 Ethernet Collision Counters for port 2 ========================================== Collision Count : 0 Single Collision Count : 0 Multiple Collision Count : 0 Excessive Collision Count : 0 Late Collision Count : 0 ==========================================

Rmon Statistics{xe "Rmon Statistics"}

Viewing Rmon Statistics Group for a Port{xe "Rmon Statistics:viewing

RMON group statistics for port"}

get-rmon-cnt

This command displays a port’s RMON Statistics Group.

get-rmon-cnt.<port number>

get-rmon-cnt

[arg #0] port index.<port-number>

The following is an example:

SYS_console>get-rmon-cnt 3 Ethernet RMON Counters for port 3 ==================================================== etherStatsOctets : 0 etherStatsPkts : 0 etherStatsBcastPkts : 0 etherStatsMcastPkts : 0 etherStatsCRCAllignPkts: 0 etherStatsUndersizePkts: 0 etherStatsOversizePkts : 0 etherStatsRuntPkts : 0 etherStatsJabberPkts : 0 etherStatsCollisions : 0

gets the Ethernet RMON counters per port

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Getting the Packet Size Distribution{xe "Rmon Statistics:getting packet

size distribution"}

get-sdist-cnt

This command is available for Fast Ethernet ports only.

get-sdist-cnt

[arg #0] port index.<port-number>

The following is an example:

SYS_console>get-sdist-cnt 3 RMON Packet Size Distribution Counters for port 3 ============================================================ etherStatsPkts64Octets : 0 etherStatsPkts65to127Octets : 0 etherStatsPkts128to255Octets : 0 etherStatsPkts256to511Octets : 0 etherStatsPkts512to1023Octets : 0 etherStatsPkts1024to1518Octets : 189307821

get-sdist-cnt.<port number>

gets packet size distribution counters per port

Viewing the Management Counters

get-mgm-brcnt

This command displays the Management counters.

An example of this is the following:

xe "Rmon Statistics:viewing management counters"}

{

SYS_console>get-mgm-brcnt Management Port Counters ============================================= Frm Received : 129079 Bytes Received : 13451284 Frm Received Ucast: 6762 Frm Received Bcast: 96087 Frm Received Mcast: 26230 Frm Transmited : 287975 Bytes Transmited : 18921661 Frm Transmit Ucast: 6659 Frm Transmit Bcast: 295 Frm Transmit Mcast: 281021

------------------------------------------------------ port : Received frames : Transmited frames : number: UCAST : BCAST : MCAST : UCAST : BCAST : MCAST : 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6541 90338 24160 6454 293 34 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0

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17 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 166 113 80 2 763 23 279 5901 2045 262 2 64

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Troubleshooting

The OptiSwitch-100/F is a highly reliable unit. If you encounter an operating problem, follow the troubleshooting{xe "troubleshooting"} steps below. If the problem persists, contact your local MRV representative.

1. Ensure that the unit is plugged into a grounded, functioning AC outlet providing between 90 VAC and 264 VAC at 50/60 Hz. Check the power fuse and replace if blown.

CAUTION

For continued fire protection, replace with fuses of the same type and rating.

2. Review all link LEDs to ensure that those ports you believe should be functioning are properly attached to a cable.

3. Verify that your cables are wired correctly. (See

Problem:

Cause:

Solution:

4. Review all link LEDs to ensure that those ports you believe should be functioning are properly configured, and not disabled or partitioned.

Problem:

Cause:

Solution:

5. Ensure that the equipment attached to the switch is properly configured.

If you encounter any situations or problems you cannot solve, obtain, if possible, the following information:

The serial number of your switch and its hardware address

•

LINK LED is ON but data is not being forwarded through switch.

Cables are too long.

Make sure that cables are as defined in the installation section of this guide. Check that cables meet the 10BaseT/100Base-TX standards and that they do not exceed 100m.

Port disabled due to a defective device on segment.

When a defective NIC card causes a permanent jam on the network, the port will be disabled by the OptiSwitch-100/F.

a) Locate the defective device and disconnect it from the network.

b) The disabled port can be enabled through management or by shutting off the unit and powering up again.

Network Connections)

If the NMS option is installed, the firmware revision number displayed in the terminal

•

console banner message.

The configuration of the equipment being interfaced with the switch.

•

The sequence of events leading up to your problem.

•

Troubleshooting procedures you have already followed.

•

After compiling the above information, contact your local MRV representative or a Customer Service{xe "Customer Service Phone Numbers"} Representative. In addition, if you have specific questions about your network configuration, or have a particularly difficult network, please call our technical support.

Contacts

USA

International

1-818-773-0900

972-4-993-6200

[email protected] www.opticalaccess.com

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Appendix A: Console Command Line Quick Reference

Commands Groups

console

system

snmp

switch-db

vlan

echannel

mac-security

port-cfg

statistics

sp-tree

Console related commands

System related commands

IP related commands

SNMP related commands

Switching Database related commands

Virtual LANS related commands

EtherChannel Commands

MAC security related commands

Port Configuration related commands

Switching Statistics related commands

Spanning Tree related commands

Console Commands{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:console commands"}

help-kbd

banner

clear

logout

set-page

set-prompt

set-attr-prompt

set-attr-msg

set-attr-text

set-passwd

Lists the console functional keys.

Displays banner.

Clears the screen (no argument is required with this command).

Exits Admin Interface; but does not disconnect a Telnet session.

Exits Admin Interface; Telnet session will be disconnected.

Sets console page.

Changes console prompt.

Sets the prompt attributes.

Sets the message attributes.

Sets the text attributes.

Changes the console password.

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System Commands{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:system commands"}

sys-stat

get-stst-level

set-stst-level

warm-reset

cold-reset

get-last-err

init-nvram

get-sw-file

set-sw-file

get-tftp-mode

set-tftp-mode

get-tftp-srvr

set-tftp-srvr

sw-dnld

set-fg-param

start-fg

stop-fg

Shows system status.

Shows the hardware selftest level.

Changes the hardware selftest level.

Restarts the device without resetting the log.

Restarts the device the same way as a power cycle.

Retrieves the number of warm resets since the last hardware reset. It also displays the last Fatal error message and the time since that error happened.

Resets the non-volatile RAM on the SNMP Agent to default values.

Retrieves SNMP agent software file name.

Sets the SNMP Agent Software file name - for download.

Retrieves the TFTP download mode.

Sets the TFTP download mode.

Retrieves the TFTP server address.

Sets the TFTP server IP address.

Begins software download from TFTP server.

Sets the Ethernet frame generator parameters.

Starts the Ethernet frame generator

Stops the frame generator.

IP Commands{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:IP commands"}

get-ip

set-ip

get-ip-cfg

set-ip-cfg

clear-ip-cfg

get-gatew

set-gatew

get-bootp

stop-fg

Shows current IP address.

Sets IP address.

Shows current IP configuration.

Sets IP address, netmask and broadcast.

Clears IP configuration in NVRAM.

Shows default gateway.

Defines default gateway.

starts the Ethernet frame generator

stops the Ethernet frame generator

Ping Commands{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:ping commands"}

ping

ICMP utility.

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ping-stop

Stops the ping process.

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Address Resolution Protocol{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:ARP commands"}

get-arp-tbl

del-arp-entry

add-arp-entry

get-arp-stats

Displays the ARP Table.

Deletes an entry/all entries (*) of the ARP table.

Adds an entry to the ARP table.

Gets ARP statistics.

SNMP{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:SNMP commands"}

get-comm

set-comm

get-auth

set-auth

get-traps

add-trap

del-trap

Shows current read and /or write community.

Changes the read or write community.

Shows the traps authentication mode.

Sets the trap authentication mode.

Shows destination stations in the trap list.

Adds destination station to trap list.

Deletes a destination station from trap list.

Switching{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:switching database commands"}

get-lt-entry

get-lt-16

find-lt-addr

del-lt-entry

del-lt-port

del-lt-addr

add-lt-entry

get-lt-age

set-lt-age

Gets a Learning Table entry at index.

Gets 16 Learning Table entries starting at a given index.

Searches for an address in the Learning Table.

Removes a Learning Table entry at index.

Deletes the Learning Table entries for a port.

Removes a Learning Table with a given address.

Adds a Learning Table entry.

Displays the Learning Table aging period.

Modifies the Learning Table aging period.

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Virtual Networking{xe "Command Line Quick Reference:virtual LAN commands"}

get-vlan-matrix

set-vbc-domain

del-vbc-domain

get-vbc-tbl

get-vbc-matrix

get-vlan-tbl

get-vlan-entry

new-vlan

del-vlan

vlan-name-modify

vlan-tag-modify

vlan-ports-modify

vlan-prio-modify

set-vlan-mode

get-vlan-mode

set-mgmt-vlan

get-mgmt-vlan-tag

del-mgmt-from-vlan

add-mgmt-to-vlan

new-srvr-port

del-srvr-port

set-mon-port

monitor

stop-mon

get-nv-mon

save-mon

clear-nv-mon

set-priority-policy

get-priority-policy

retrieves the TAG VLAN connectivity matrix

defines a Virtual Broadcast Domain

deletes a Virtual Broadcast Domain

displays the Virtual Broadcast Domain Table

retrieves the VBC connectivity matrix

Display VLAN Table

Display VLAN entry

Make a new VLAN

Delete a VLAN

Modifies the Name of a VLAN

Modifies the VLAN tag

Modifies the VLAN Ports

Modifies the VLAN priority

Set VBC or VLAN Tagging mode

Shows VLAN mode

Set Management VLAN

Get Management VLAN tag

Returns the Management VLAN tag to default value (1)

Adds Management to existing VLAN

Set a Vlan Server port(s)

Del a Vlan Server Port(s)

sets the monitoring port

starts port monitoring

stops port monitoring

retrieves the NVRAM based monitoring configuration

saves the running monitoring configuration to NVRAM

clears the NVRAM based monitoring configuration

Set a policy for switch priority

Get a policy for switch priority