RC snubber dv/dt networks (One per inverse pair of SCRs)
Ambient Condition Design
Enclosed units: 0° to 40°C (32° to 104°F) (optional - 20° to 50° C with heaters)
5 - 95% relative humidity
0 - 3300 ft. (1000m) above sea level without de-rating
(Ratings for ambient conditions external to unit)
Control
2 or 3 wire 120VAC (Customer supplied)
Auxiliary Contacts
Multiple: Form C (Contacts), rated 5 Amps, 240VAC max.
8 Relays (4 programmable): Form C contacts
Fault Indicator: Form C contacts
BIL Rating
2300V - 7200V 60KV
Approvals
UL recognized, Canadian UL (cUL) recognized
ADVANCED MOTOR PROTECTION
Two Stage Electronic
Overload Curves
Starting: Programmable for Class 5 through 30
Run: Programmable for Class 5 through 30 when "At-Speed" is detected.
Overload Reset
Manual
Retentive Thermal Memory
Overload circuit retains thermal condition of the motor regardless of control
power status. Unit uses real time clock to adjust for off time.
Dynamic Reset Capacity
Overload will not reset until thermal capacity available in the motor is sufficient for
a successful restart. Starter learns and retains this information by monitoring
previous successful starts.
Phase Current Imbalance
Protection
Imbalance Trip Level: 5 - 30% current between any two phases
Imbalance Trip Delay: 1 -20 seconds
Over Current Protection
(Electronic Shear Pin)
Trip Level: 100 - 300% of motor FLA
Trip Delay: 1 - 20 seconds
Load Loss Trip Protection
Under Current Trip Level: 10 -90 % of motor FLA
Under Current Trip Delay: 1 - 60 seconds
Coast Down (Back Spin)
Lockout Timer
Coast Down Time Range: 1 - 60 minutes
Starts-per-hour Lockout Timer
Range: 1 - 6 successful starts per hour
Time between starts: 1 - 60 minutes between start attempts
This chapter is an introduction to the Reduced Voltage Solid State Soft Starter for medium voltage AC motors. It is highly
recommended that users read this section thoroughly to become familiar with the basic configuration, operation and
features before applying the Soft Starter.
1.1 Overview
The standard Soft Starter is an SCR-based controller designed for the starting, protection and control of AC medium
voltage motors. It contains SCR stack assemblies, fiber optic connections, and low voltage control circuitry ready to
be interfaced with an enclosure and the necessary equipment to create a complete a Class E2 medium voltage
motor Soft Starter.
1.2 Specifications
Motortronics Inc. Page 1
PROGAMMABLE OUTPUTS
Type / Rating
Form C (SPDT), Rated 5 amps 240 VAC max, (1200 VA)
Run Indication
Programmable
At Speed Indication
Programmable
Acceleration Adjustments
Programmable Ramp Types: Voltage or Current Ramp (VR or CR)
Starting Torque: 0 - 100% of line voltage (VR) or 0 - 600% of motor FLA (CR)
Ramp Time: 1 to 120 seconds
Current Limit: 200 - 500% (VR or CR)
Power Ramp: 0 – 300%
The standard Soft Start panel has the following features:
SCR Power Modules: For each phase, the SCRs are arranged in inverse parallel pairs and series strings as
indicated in Table1 below to facilitate sufficient Peak Inverse Voltage ratings for the application
RC Snubber Networks: Provide Transient Voltage Protection for SCR Power Modules in each phase to avoid dv/dt
damage.
Firing Circuit: The SCRs are gated (turned on) using a Sustained Pulse Firing Circuit. This circuitry is isolated from
the control voltage by means of fiber optics.
Table 1 Unit PIV Ratings
1.5 Theory of Operation
The Soft Starter is CPU controlled, using a microprocessor based protection and control system for the motor and starter
assembly. The CPU uses Phase Angle Firing control of the SCRs to apply a reduced voltage to the motor, and then
slowly and gently increases torque using voltage and current control until the motor accelerates to full speed. This starting
method lowers the starting current of the motor, reducing electrical stresses on the power system and motor. It also
reduces peak starting torque stresses on both the motor and mechanical load, promoting longer service life and less
downtime.
1.5.1 Acceleration:
The soft starter comes standard with several methods of accelerating the motor so that it can be programmed to match
almost any industrial AC motor application. The factory default setting applies a Voltage Ramp with Current Limit as this
has been proven to be the most reliable starting method for the vast majority of applications. Using this starting method,
the Initial Voltage setting applies just enough voltage to cause the motor shaft to begin to turn. This voltage is then
gradually increased over the "Ramp Time" setting, until one of two things happen: the motor accelerates to full speed, or
the Ramp Time expires and the Current Limit setting is reached.
If the motor accelerates to full speed before the ramp time has expired, an automatic Anti- Oscillation feature will override
the remaining ramp time and full voltage will be applied. This will prevent any surging or pulsation in the motor torque,
which might otherwise occur If the motor has not reached full speed at the end of the ramp time setting, the current limit
setting will proportionally regulate the maximum output torque. CPU algorithms provide protection against a stall condition,
an overload condition or excessive acceleration time.
The Current Limit feature is provided to accommodate installations where there is limited power available (For example,
on-site generator power or utility lines with limited capacity). The torque is increased until the motor current reaches the
pre-set Current Limit value at which point it is then held. Current Limit overrides the ramp time setting so if the motor has
not accelerated to full speed under the Current Limit setting, the current remains limited for as long as it takes the motor to
accelerate to full speed.
When the motor reaches full speed and the current drops to running levels, the soft starter detects an At-Speed condition
and automatically closes the Bypass Contactor. The Bypass Contactor serves to shunt power around the SCR stack
assemblies to prevent heat build-up in the starter enclosure. At this point, the motor is operating at full voltage, speed and
power.
Other starting methods available in the soft starter are:
• Current Ramp: Uses a closed loop current feedback algorithm to provide a linear current increase up to a Maximum
Current level.
• Constant Current: current is immediately increased to the Current Limit point and held there until the motor reaches
full speed.
• Power (KW) Ramp: Uses a True RMS KW feedback PID loop to provide a linear increase in True RMS motor power
to a maximum set KW value.
• Custom Curve: Gives the user the ability to plot torque and time points on a graph. The soft starter will then
accelerate the motor following these points.
• Tachometer Feedback Ramp: uses a closed loop speed follower method monitoring a tachometer input signal from
the motor or load shaft to provide a linear RPM acceleration.
1.5.2 Deceleration: The soft starter provides the user with the option of having the load coast to a stop or controlling the
deceleration by slowly reducing the voltage to the motor upon initiating a stop command. The Decel feature is the
opposite of DC injection braking in that the motor will actually take longer to come to a stop than if allowed to coast to a
stop. The most common application for the Decel feature is pumping applications where a controlled stop prevents water
hammer and mechanical damage to the system.
1.6 General Protection
The Soft Starter is provided with a built-in motor protection relay that can be programmed for primary protection of the
motor / load system. Operation of the Soft Starter can be divided into 4 modes; Ready, Start, Run and Stop.
1.6.1. Ready Mode: In this mode, control and line power are applied and the Starter is ready for a start command.
Protection during this mode includes the monitoring of current for leakage through multiple shorted SCRs or
welded contacts on the Bypass Contactor. Other protection features in effect are:
• Starter Power Pole Temperature
• Shorted SCR
• Blown Fuse Indication
• Phase Reversal (if enabled)
• Line Frequency Trip Window
• External Input Faults (Digital Input Faults are active in all modes)
Note: The “Programming Mode” can only be entered from the Ready Mode. Any attempt to enter data while the motor is
starting or running will be blocked. During programming, all protection features and start command are disabled.
1.6.2 Start Mode: These additional protection functions are enabled when the Soft Starter receives a valid Start
command:
• Phase Reversal (if enabled) Phase Reversal will still be on and is not a newly activated feature when starting.
• Start Curve
• Acceleration Timer
• Phase Imbalance
• Short Circuit / Load Pre-check (Toe-in-the-Water)
• Ground Fault (Optional)
• External Input Faults
• Accumulated Starting FLA Units (I2t Protection)
• Starting Overload Protection Curve Selection
• Thermal Capacity
Note: Shorted SCR protection is no longer in effect once the soft starter goes into the Start Mode.
1.6.3 Run Mode: The soft starter enters the Run Mode when it reaches full output voltage and the motor current drops
below the FLA setting (motor nameplate FLA plus service factor) for a pre-determined period of time. During the Run
Mode these additional protection features are enabled:
• Running Overload Protection Curve Selection
• Phase Loss
• Under Current / Load Loss
• Over Current / Electronic Shear Pin (Jam Protection)
• External Input Faults
1.6.4 Stop Mode: Once a Stop command has been given, the protection features change depending on which Stop Mode
is selected.
• Decel Mode: Retains all protection features of the Run Mode. At the end of Decel, the motor will be stopped and the
protection features change as indicated below.
• Coast-To-Stop Mode: Power is immediately removed from the motor and the Soft Starter returns to the Ready Mode.
• Additional protection features activated when the stop command is given include:
o Coast-Down / Back Spin Timer
o Starts-per-Hour
o Time between Starts
o External Input Faults
1.7 Thermal Overload Protection
The Soft Starter plays an important role in the protection of your motor in that it monitors the motor for excessivethermal
conditions due to starting, running and ambient conditions. The soft starter has a Dynamic Thermal Register system in the
CPU that provides a mathematical representation of the thermal condition of the motor.
This thermal information is retained in memory and is monitored for excesses in both value and rate of change. Inputs are
derived from current values, imbalances and (optional) RTD measurements making it dynamic to all processes involving
the motor. The Soft Starter monitors these conditions separately during the Start and Run modes to provide proper
thermal protection at all times.
1.7.1 Start Mode overload protection is selectable using one of three methods:
• Basic Protection: I2t data is accumulated and plotted based on an Overload Curve selected in programming. This is
programmed per NEMA Class 5-30 standard curves and is based on the Locked Rotor Current (from the motor
nameplate) as programmed into the Soft Starter.
• Measured Start Capacity: The user enters a measured amount of thermal capacity from a pre-selected successful
start as a set point to the Thermal Register for the soft starter to follow.
• Learned Curve Protection: The user sets the soft starter to the “LEARN” mode and starts the motor under normal
starting conditions. The CPU then samples and records 100 data points during the start curve, analyzes them and
creates a graphical representation in memory. The soft starter is then switched to Curve Follow protection mode and
monitors motor performance against this curve. This feature is especially useful in initial commissioning tests to record
a base line performance sample (In this case, it is not necessarily used for motor protection).
1.7.2 Run Mode overload protection is initiated when the soft starter determines that the motor is At-Speed. Overload
Protection is initiated when the motor RMS current rises above a “pick-up point” (as determined by the motor nameplate
FLA and service factor). Run mode protection is provided by the CPU monitoring the Dynamic Thermal Register. Data for
the Dynamic Thermal Register is accumulated from I2t calculations and cooling rates. A trip occurs when the register
reaches 100% as determined by the selected Overload Protection Curve (NEMA Class 5-30 standard curves) and is
based on the programmed Locked Rotor Current indicated on the motor nameplate. The Dynamic Thermal Register is
altered, or “biased”, by the following conditions:
• Current Imbalance will bias the register higher due to additional motor heating as a result of a line current imbalance
condition.
• Normal Cooling is provided when the motor current drops below the overload pick-up point or the motor is off line.
The Cooling rate is lower for motors that are off-line (such as after a trip) since cooling fans are also inoperative.
• RTD Input (Requires the optional RTD monitor card) provides a separate means of motor protection based on actual
temperatures measurements inside the motor. It runs independently of the Thermal Register Model and does not
provide input to, or bias that model.
• Dynamic Reset is another feature that adds reliability and consistency to the performance of the soft starter. If a
motor overload condition occurs and the Overload protection trips, it cannot be reset until sufficient cool down time
has elapsed. This cool down time is determined by the "Learned Thermal Capacity" required to start the motor which
must be regained before the overload can be reset. This ensures sufficient thermal capacity for a successful restart of
the motor.
• Retentive Memory provides continuous overload protection and true thermal modeling by means of a running back
up of the thermal register even if power is lost. Upon restoration of power, the soft starter will read the Real Time
Clock, then recalculate and restore the thermal register to what it should be, given the elapsed time and the cool down
rate of the motor.
• Learned Reset Capacity is a feature that is unique to the Soft Starter. By sampling the amount of thermal capacity
used in the previous three successful starts, the starter will not allow a reset until a sufficient amount of thermal
capacity has been regained in the motor. This prevents nuisance tripping and insures that unsuccessful start attempts
(which would otherwise use up the starts-per-hour capacity of the motor) are not counted.
1.8 Firing Circuit
The SCR gate firing circuit is critical to the performance and stability of the system. The firing circuit includes several
unique features which enhance the ruggedness, noise immunity and flexibility for maximized performance. These features
include:
• Auto Synchronizing of the gate timing pulses match each phase firing angle to their respective phases. The Soft
Starter actively tracks minor shifts in the line frequency avoiding nuisance tripping that may happen with conventional
gate firing systems. This is especially useful on portable or backup generator supplies, allowing the soft starter to be
used confidently in applications that have unstable power.
• Sustained Pulse firing keeps the firing signal active for 270 electrical degrees ensuring that the DC gate pulse forces
the SCR to fire even if line noise is present. This provides the Soft Starter with superior noise immunity and protects
against misfiring, enhancing the soft starter system stability.
• Closed Loop Firing Control is a method of balancing the SCR firing pattern. The CPU uses feedback signals from
the output current and voltage providing to provide smooth output preventing imbalances during ramping which
prevents unnecessary motor heating.
• Transformer Isolation of SCR firing information and signals prevents interference from line noise and EMI/RFI that
may be present. Three phase isolation transformers provide potential measurement, firing board timing while
providing isolation from the line voltage. High isolation Ring Transformers are used to step the 120v control voltage
down to 28VAC for the Sustained Pulse firing circuit, providing further isolation for the SCR gates.
• Fiber Optic Isolation is provided for all gate drive and current feedback signal interfaces between the Medium and
Low Voltage systems.
The Soft Starter electronic systems are divided into two categories; Low Voltage and Medium Voltage and are based on
where they are located in the Starter structure.
1.9.1 Low Voltage electronics include the Keypad Operator Interface, the CPU and Main Power PC boards which are
located in an isolated Low Voltage compartment of the enclosure.
• Keypad Operator Interface is a 2 line x 20 character LCD display with back-lighting for low ambient light conditions.
The display reads out in truncated English and can show multiple data points in each screen. Twelve LED indicators
are included which show the status of, Power, RUN, ALARM, TRIP and the 8 AUX RELAYS. The Operator
communicates with the CPU board via a serial cable link and can be remotely located up to 1000ft. from the starter.
FIG. 1.9 shows the Keypad Operator Interface.
FIG. 1.9 Keypad Operator Interface.
• CPU Board is where the microprocessor and communications co-processor are located. It is attached to the main
Power board. The CPU determines operating functions, stores user programming, acts upon feedback signals for
faults, and calculates metering and historical data. The board communicates with the Keypad Operator Interface
via a serial link cable. Analog and Digital I/O are also located on the CPU board. (See FIG. 2.3.4)
• Main Board also referred to as the Firing Board, contains the Auxiliary I/O relays and interfaces to the TCB board
(see below) for user interface. This board generates all firing signals for the SCR stacks and receives feedback
signals which are isolated via fiber optics. The board also provides signal conditioning in preparation for analog to
digital conversion. (See FIG. 2.3.3)
Motortronics Inc. Page 8
HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE
Disconnect all power supplying this equipment
prior to working on it.
Failure to follow this instruction will result in
death or serious injury.
1.9.2 Control Electronics are located in the Medium Voltage section of the soft starter. They include the TCB, Gate Drive
and Temp / CT boards.
• TCB (Terminal and Control Board) is the user connection interface board. This board contains the user terminal
blocks, output relays (duplicated), inputs and control power connections. It also contains additional timed relays for
interfacing with Power Factor Correction contactors (if used) and other external devices. Please note Power Factor
Capacitor warnings in Section 2.1.; also see FIG. 2.2.1.
• Gate Drive Boards are located directly on the SCR stacks. These boards connect to the Main Power board via fiber
optic cables. They amplify the gate pulse signals with power from the Ring Transformers to create the Sustained
Pulse Firing of the SCRs. There is one Gate Drive board for each pair of SCRs in each stack.
• Temp / CT Boards are attached to the Gate Drive boards on the SCR stacks and provide the heat sink Temperature
and line current signals back to the Main Power Board via fiber optic cables.
• MOV Boards are attached to standoffs mounted on the SCR heat sinks and are mounted directly below the Gate
Drive boards. The MOV boards are used to protect the SCRs from over voltage.
• DV/DT Boards are also attached to standoffs mounted on the SCR heat sinks and are mounted below the MOV
boards. The DV/DT boards are used to mitigate voltage transients across the stack assemblies.
Motortronics Inc. Page 9
HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE
Disconnect all power supplying this equipment
prior to working on it.
Failure to follow this instruction will result in
death or serious injury.
SCR DAMAGE
Do not connect (PFC) capacitors to the load
side of the unit.
Doing so will cause DI/DT damage to the
SCRs when energized.
!
CAUTION
DANGER
!
WARNING
SAFETY HAZARD
Do not bypass electrical or mechanical interlocks.
Failure to follow this instruction will cause severe
equipment damage, serious injury or death.
• Do not service this equipment with voltage applied! The unit can
be the source of fatal electric shock! To avoid shock hazard,
disconnect main power and control power before working on the unit.
Warning labels must be attached to terminals, enclosure and control
panel to meet local codes observing Lock Out, Tag Out procedures.
• Do not connect (PFC) capacitors or surge capacitors to the load
side (motor side) of the unit. This will cause di/dt damage to the
SCRs when they are turned on and will void the warranty on this
product. Capacitors can only be connected to the load side of the
starter through the use of an isolating contactor which is closed after
the soft starting sequence has been completed or when di/dt limiting
inductors are factory installed.
• Avoid connecting capacitors to the input side of the unit. If you
cannot avoid using capacitors across the power lines, they must be
located as far upstream as possible of the input line contactor. In this
situation, an optional power factor correction (PFC) capacitor contactor
should be specified. For additional information and specifications or
when di/dt limiting inductors are factory installed, please contact the
factory.
• Never interchange the input and output power connections on the
unit. This will cause excessive voltage to the control circuit logic.
• For bus protection, it is strongly recommended to use non-gap
MOV Type lightning arrestors in areas where lightning is a significant problem. The arrestors should be
mounted on the nearest utility pole at the Station or optionally included with the unit at the time of order.
• Medium Voltage cables can have significant capacitance values by design which can elevate Di/Dt thru the
SCRs to unsafe levels. Compensating inductors can limit these values to safe levels. Contact the factory if you need more information on this subject.
Motortronics Inc. Page 10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
8
9
10
11
12
TB4
Time Delay
NCC NONCC NO
P.F.C. CAP
NCC NONCC NO
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
8
9
10
11
12
TB3
Lock Out
NCC NONCC NO
Fault
NCC NONCC NO
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TB2
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
8
9
10
11
TB1
CNO CACNO NC
NOACNC
1
Emergency Bypass
Switch Input
Relay changes state
when the Emergency
Bypass Switch is closed.
Control Power Output
(120 VAC @ 200VA)
Normally closed dry contact input, that
when opened will initiate an Emergency
stop to the system
Relays Operate to indicate
a Blown Fuse or that the
Disconnect is open
Relays Operates (with a
time delay) when the
Start Contact is initiated.
Relays Operate to pull in an
Isolated Contactor to
activate Power Factor
Correction Capacitors
Relays Operate when any
Fault condition occurs
NCNC CCC NC
NONO ACNC
AC
C
12
Optional Interlock (Factory installed Jumpers)
Relay Operates on
immediate Start / Stop
Stop
Maintain
Contact
Start
120 VAC
Control Input Power
N
N
N
N
120 VAC Input Power
Start Input
Fuse Blown Input
Dual Ramp Input
Main and CPU Circuit Board
Bypass Status Input
TB6
TB7
TB8
NC
Run Contacts
(AUX 3) Status.
Fault (AUX 1)
Status.
At Speed (AUX 4)
Status.
To TCB Board
Blown Fuse and / or Disconnect
Interlock N.O. dry contact Input.
Remove JP1 for
electronic Motor
overload protection
During emergency
bypass operation.
SW1
ON OFF
DUAL ADJ
F1 – Control fuse for TB1 1-9
Part No. ACG1A250AC or equiv.
F2 – Contactor and relay output fuse.
Part No. ACG4A250AC or equiv.
F3 – TB2 terminal 6 (120VAC Input)
2.2 Control Connections - TCB (Terminal and Control Board)
2.2.1 TCB Board
The TCB board, FIG. 2.2.1 shown below, provides interconnections between the main power and CPU boards and the
customer’s control logic connections. It is a 120 VAC control board with several auxiliary dry contacts, built-in time delay
circuits and an emergency bypass function. It also controls the inline isolation and bypass contactor and provides
provisions for shutdown interlocks. (See Section 2.2.2 for terminal designations and descriptions)
Terminal 6, 7 & 8;"2-wire control is connected to pins 6 & 8". Also; "For 3 wire control, connect the N.C. STOP
button to pins 6&7 and the N.O. START button to pins 7 & 8
9
AC
120 VAC Control Power (Neutral)
10
11
12
C
NO
NC
Common
Normally Open
Normally Closed, Form C Relay that changes state on Start and Stop commands
TB2 Emergency Bypass Control
T
Description
1 2 NO
C
When the N.O. contact closes the unit reverts to an electromechanical starter. When a start command is
given the unit will start the motor across the line.
3
4
5
C
NO
NC
Terminals 3, 4 and 5 is a form C output relay that changes state when the contact at TB2 pins 1 & 2 is closed
6 7 NO
NC
120 VAC @ 200VA Aux Control Power output.
8
-
Not Used
9
10
NO
NC
Normally Open
Normally Closed, "Normally closed dry contact, opens when Emergency stop is initiated.
TB3 Fault Relay Outputs
T
Description
1
2
3
C
NO
NC
(2) Form C relay output that transfer on blown fuse or disconnect open indication.
3
4
5
C
NO
NC
(2) Form C relay output that transfer on blown fuse or disconnect open indication.
7
8
9
C
NO
NC
(2) Form C relay output that transfer on any fault indication.
10
11
12
C
NO
NC
(2) Form C relay output that transfer on any fault indication.
2 Form C time delay Aux relay output contacts. Time delay starts when the Start commend is given.
3
4
5
C
NO
NC
7
8
9
C
NO
NC
2 Form C time delay Aux relay output contacts. Time delay starts when the "At Speed" condition is reached
ideal for controlling a PFC contactor.
10
11
12
C
NO
NC
TB5 TCB Power
T
Description
1
L
By connecting TB5 of multiple units in parallel, PFC contactors will be inhibited from closing while a unit is
soft starting. PFCs that are already on line will remain on line. The lead unit in the parallel string requires
TB5 pins 1 & 3 to be connected to the 120Vac source and neutral respectively.
2.2.2 Description of Terminal Connections - Continued
Motortronics Inc. Page 14
Jumper Selection
Jumper
Time Delay
Function
DLY-C
X1
Cycles
Start Delay
This is a selectable delay period between the initiations of a Start command and when
the CPU actually receives the signal.
AUX-C
X3
Cycles
Auxiliary Start Delay
This is a selectable delay period from the initiation of a Start command.
PFC-C
X5
Cycles
PFC Contactor Delay
This is a selectable delay period between when the Bypass Contactor closes to when
the Power Factor Capacitors Contactor is activated.
JP1
N/A
Motor Protection Jumper
When this jumper is in place, the CPU will be disabled during operation in the
Emergency Bypass Mode. In this case, insure that there is an external means of overload protection. When the jumper is removed, the CPU will be enabled to provide
electronic motor protection when operating in the Emergency Bypass Mode.
DIP Switches
Switch
Function
SW1
ON: Sets Dual Adjustment
OFF: Disabled
SW2
Not Used
SW3
Sets the
Start Delay
Value
SW3, SW4 and SW5 are 7 position DIP Switches that use binary coding to set the value
of the time delay in Cycles or Seconds as selected via jumpers X1 to X6. (See Jumper
Table.) The setting range is 0 to 127 (1+2+4+8+16+32+64). The example shown
results in a value of 7 (1+2+4)
It is best to operate the motor at its full load starting condition to achieve the proper settings. Initial settings are set to
accommodate most motor conditions. TRY INITIAL SETTINGS FIRST. See Section 5.1.2Starter Configuration (Set Point
Page 2) to make any adjustments.
3.2 Acceleration Adjustments
The unit is set at the factory with typical starting characteristics that perform well in most applications. When the system is
ready to start, try the initial settings. If the motor does not come up to speed, increase the current limit setting. If the motor
does not start to turn as soon as desired, raise the Initial voltage adjustment. Adjustment description and procedures are
described as follows. See Section 5.1.2 Starter Configuration (Set Point Page 2) for additional Accel settings.
3.2.1 Initial Voltage
Factory Setting = 20% of line voltage
Range = 0% - 100% of line voltage
Initial voltage adjustment changes the initial starting voltage level to the motor.
3.2.2 Ramp Time
Factory Setting = 10 sec.
Range = 0 - 120 sec.
Ramp time adjustment changes the amount of time it takes to reach the current limit point or full voltage if the Current limit
point was not reached.
Note: Refer to your motor manual for the maximum number of starts per hour allowed by the manufacturer and do not
exceed the recommended number.
3.2.3 Current Limit (see FIG. 3.2.3)
Factory Setting = 350% of motor FLA
Range = 200% - 500% of motor FLA
The main function of current limit is to limit the maximum current. It may also be used to extend the ramp time if required.
The interaction between the voltage ramp and the current limit will allow the soft start to ramp the motor until the
maximum current is reached and the current limit will hold the current at that level. The current limit must be se high
enough to allow the motor to reach full speed. The factory setting of 350% is a good starting point.
Do not set the current limit too low on variable starting loads. This could cause the motor to stall and eventually
cause the overload protection to trip.
Note: If the motor does stall, refer to the motor manufacturer’s motor data for the proper cooling time.
Decel control extends the stopping time on loads that would otherwise stop too quickly when power is removed. Decel
control provides smooth deceleration until the load comes to a stop. Three adjustments optimize the deceleration curve to
meet the most demanding requirements. The unit is shipped from the factory with the Decel control feature
disabled.
3.3.1 Deceleration Applications
Apply power and adjust the soft start before enabling or modifying the deceleration adjustments. Both, acceleration and
deceleration adjustments should be made under normal load conditions. The deceleration feature provides a slow
decrease in the output voltage, accomplishing a gentle decrease in motor torque during the stopping mode. This is the
OPPOSITE OF BRAKING in that, it will take longer to come to a stop than if the starter were just turned off. The primary
use of this function is to reduce the sudden changes in pressure that are associated with “Water Hammer” and slamming
of check valves with centrifugal pumps. Decel control in pump applications is often referred to as Pump Control. In a
pump system, liquid is being pushed uphill. The force exerted by gravity on the column of liquid as it goes up hill is called
the “Head Pressure” in the system. The pump is sized to provide enough Output Pressure to overcome the Head
Pressure and move the fluid up the pipe. When the pump is turned off, the Output Pressure rapidly drops to zero and the
Head Pressure takes over to send the fluid back down the hill. A “Check Valve” is normally used somewhere in the
system to prevent this (if necessary) by only allowing the liquid to flow in one direction. The kinetic energy in that moving
fluid is suddenly trapped when the check valve slams closed. Since fluids can’t compress, that energy is transformed into
a “Shock Wave” that travels through the piping system looking for an outlet in which to dissipate. The sound of that shock
wave is referred to as “Water Hammer” and the energy in that shock wave can be extremely damaging to pipes, fittings,
flanges, seals and mounting systems.
By using the Soft Stop/Deceleration feature of the soft starter, the pump output torque is gradually and gently reduced,
which slowly reduces the pressure in the pipe. When the Output Pressure is just slightly lower than the Head Pressure,
the flow slowly reverses and closes the Check Valve. By this time there is very little energy left in the moving fluid and the
Shock Wave is avoided. When the output voltage to the motor is low enough to no longer be needed, the soft starter will
end the Decel cycle and turn itself off. (See FIG. 3.3)
FIG. 3.3 Deceleration Control
Another common application for decel control is on material handling conveyors as a means to prevent sudden stops that
may cause products to fall over or to bump into one another. In overhead crane applications, soft stopping of the Bridge or
Trolley can prevent loads from beginning to over swing on sudden stops.
Factory Setting = 100% of line voltage
Range = 80% - 100% of line voltage
The step down voltage adjustment eliminates the dead band in the deceleration mode that is experienced while the
Voltage drops to a level where the motor deceleration is responsive to decreased voltage. This feature allows for an
instantaneous drop in voltage when deceleration is initiated.
3.3.3 Stop Deceleration Voltage
Factory Setting = 20% of line voltage
Range = 0% - 100% of line voltage
The stop voltage level set point is where the deceleration voltage drops to zero.
3.3.4 Deceleration Time
Factory Setting = 5 sec.
Range = 0 - 60 sec.
The deceleration ramp time adjusts the time it takes to reach the stop voltage level set point. The unit should be restarted
and stopped to verify that the desired deceleration time has been achieved. When calculating the number of starts per
hour, a decel curve should be counted as a start curve. For example, recommended number of starts per hour = 6,
allowable starts with decel cycle per hour = 3.
Note: Do not exceed the motor manufacturer’s recommended number of starts per hour.
3.4 Sequence of Normal Operation
It is best to operate the motor at its full load starting condition to achieve the proper time, torque and ramp settings. Initial
settings are set to accommodate most motor conditions.
TRY INITIAL SETTINGS FIRST FOR: - Initial Voltage
- Current Limit
- Ramp Time
See (Section 5.1.2 Set- point Page 2) to make any adjustments. If the Decel function is enabled, related parameters may
also need adjusting to achieve optimal Decel performance
Sequence:
Close the disconnect switch to apply 3 phase power" Verify the power LED on the keypad comes on.
Activate the start command, the motor should start accelerating and the RUN LED will come ON.
Check: If the motor decelerates, or stops, during the acceleration period, activate the Stop button immediately.
Adjustments to the ramp time and or current limit setting are necessary to provide the motor sufficient energy to reach full
speed. If the unit does not follow this operational sequence, please refer to the Troubleshooting Chapter.
If the motor does not enter the run mode in the set time (Acceleration time limit, see SP8.2), a trip will occur. When the
motor reaches full speed, the “AUX 4” LED (At Speed) will be ON. The POWER, RUN, AUX3 LEDs will be ON, indicating
that the contact has energized. Phase A, B, C and Ground Fault current is shown on the keypad during operation.
Motortronics Inc. Page 24
HAZARDOUS OPERATION
DANGER
Do not operate the Bypass Contactor
with medium voltage power applied
to the unit.
Failure to follow this instruction will
cause the motor to start
unexpectedly.
Remove input power by opening the disconnect switch and lock out.
Close the emergency Bypass contact located on the TCB board at TB2
(See section 2.2.1 for location).
Unlock and reclose the disconnect switch.
Note: In the emergency bypass mode, there is no overload protection
unless a separate (optional or customer supplier) thermal overload relay is
installed, or JP-1 (Motor Protection Jumper,Sec.2.2.3) is removed from the
TCB Board.
The unit is operable as a normal across-the-line starter. When power is applied, the bypass contactor is energized, tying
the input terminals directly to the output terminals. When the "START" command is given, the main (in line) contactor is
energized and the motor line starts. When the "STOP" command is given, the motor is disconnected from the line power
via the main (in-line) vacuum contactor.
Motortronics Inc. Page 25
ITEM
DESIGNATION
DESCRIPTION
KEY
MENU
Toggle between the menu selection for metering and set point pages.
RESET
Will clear the trip indicator and release the trip relay.
ENTER
Pressing the ENTER button once enters the EDIT mode where set point values can
be changed. An "Asterisk" will appear on the display to indicate it is in the edit mode.
After a set point value is changed, pressing the ENTER button again will save the
revised value to memory and the asterisk will go off indicating the change has been
saved. When not in the edit mode, the ENTER pushbutton will toggle through the
event indicator list (such as alarms or trips)
HELP
Provides general help information about a specific set point or action.
UP ARROW
Will scroll up through the set point and metering menu page. It will scroll to the top of
the set point page or a section. In edit mode it will increase a set point in an
incremental step or toggle through the available options in the set point.
RIGHT ARROW
In the main menu the RIGHT ARROW button provides access to the set point page.
For set point pages with multiple columns, the RIGHT ARROW will scroll the set
point page to the right. When in edit mode it will shift one character to the right.
DOWN ARROW
Will scroll down through the set point pages and down through the set points. In edit
mode, it will decrement through values and toggle available options in the set point.
LEFT ARROW
Will move to the left through set point pages with multiple columns. When in edit
mode it will become the backspace key and will shift one character to the left.
LED
POWER
Indicates control power is present
RUN
Indicates unit/motor is running
ALARM
Lights in conjunction with Relay AUX 2 to indicate an Alarm event or warn of
possible critical condition.
TRIP
Lights in conjunction with Relay AUX 1 to indicate a Trip condition has occurred.
AUX 1- 8
Auxiliary relays (Note: Relays 5-8 are available for customer use)
This chapter explains the keypad operator interface, the LCD descriptions and the programming features.
4.1 Keypad/Operator Interface
The user keypad/ operator interface consists of:
• 2 row by 20 characters Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
• 12 LEDs
• 8 pushbuttons
Note: The soft starter is menu driven and there are three levels of
programming. The programming for two of these levels is password
protected. Level two requires a three digit password and level three
requires a four digit password.
4.1.1. Keypad Operator designations and functions
Note: The directional arrow buttons require careful operation. In edit mode, if the buttons are held for a long period,
the scrolling speed will increase.
Motortronics Inc. Page 26
Page 1
Basic Configuration
Page 2
Starter Configuration
Page 3
Phase & Ground Settings
Page 4
Relay Assignment
Page 5
Relay Configuration
Page 6
User I/O Configuration
Page 7
Custom Acceleration Curve
Page 8
Overload Curve Config.
Page 9
RTD Configuration
Page 10
Security Set Password
Page 11
Communications
Page 12
System Setpoints
Page 13
Calibration & Service
MENU
LEVEL 1
LEVEL2
LEVEL3
FACTORY LEVEL
Notes:
1. The MENU key allows you to toggle the screens between
the Setpoint Menu and the Metering Menu. Simply use
the arrow keys to get to the different screens within each
menu.
Example: To access Setpoint Page 3 PHASE &
GROUND SETTINGS, press the MENU key once and
the DOWN ARROW twice.
2. Levels 1, 2 and 3 indicate password protection levels for
these setpoint pages.
Screens in Level 1 of the set point menu can be changed without password access because they list basic motor
information. Screens in Levels 2 and 3 require passwords because they provide more in-depth protection and
control of the unit. The password in Levels 2 and 3 can be changed by the user.
Note: Set Points can only be changed when the motor is in Stop/ Ready Mode! The soft starter will not allow a
start if it is still in the Edit Mode. When the unit is in the Edit Mode, an asterisk is displayed in the top right corner
screen.
4.2.2 Changing Set Points
Example 1: Changing Motor FLA from 140 AMPS to 142 AMPS
1. Press MENU button to display Set point Page 1, Basic Configuration
2. 2Press the RIGHT ARROW you will view the screen Motor Full Load Amps.
3. Press the ENTER button for edit mode. Note: The asterisk (*) in the top right corner of the LCD screen that indicates
Edit Mode.
4. To change the value, select the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW. In this case push the UP ARROW twice (2x).
5. To accept the new value, press the ENTER button. The unit will accept the changes and will leave the edit mode.
Note the * is no longer in the top right corner of the LCD Display.
Motortronics Inc. Page 28
Setpoint
Page
Security
Level
Description
Factory Setting
Default
Range
Section
Page 1
Basic Configuration
Level 1
No Password
Required
Motor Full Load Amps (FLA)
Model dependent
50 - 100% of Unit Max Current Rating
(Model and Service Factor dependent)
The soft starter has thirteen programmable Setpoint pages which define the motor data, ramp curves, protection, I/O
configuration and communications. In Section 5.1, the Setpoint pages are outlined in chart form. In Section 5.2 the
Setpoint pages are illustrated and defined for easy navigation and programming. Note: Setpoints can only be changed
then the starter is in the Ready Mode. Also the soft start will not start when it is in programming mode.
5.1 Setpoints Page List
These charts list the Setpoint Page, the programmable functions and the section.
5.2 Setpoints Menu and Parameter Explanation (SP1 – SP13)
SP.1 Basic Configuration (Setpoint Page 1)
In Setpoint Page 1, is used to setup basic nameplate data of the motor.
SP1.1 Motor Full Load Amps (FLA): Allows the user to enter the motor’s FLA rating. Range of adjustment is 50 - 100%
(less programmed service factor).
SP1.2 Service Factor: Sets the pickup point on the overload curve as defined by the programmed motor full load current.
Ex: If the motor FLA is 100 and the service factor is 1.15, the overload pickup point will be 115 Amps.
Motortronics Inc. Page 36
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
M FLA
1x10
1000
100
10
1
4
Overload Class 30
Overload Class 25
Overload Class 20
SP2 Starter Configuration (Setpoint Page 2) Menu Navigation
SP2.1 Start Control Mode: Dual Ramp, Custom Accel Curve, Jog Voltage, Start Ramp 1, Start Ramp 2.
• Dual Ramp: The dual ramp mode works in conjunction with External Input #3. This allows the user to switch between
the two start ramps without having to reconfigure the start mode. (For details on configuring External Input #3 for DUAL
RAMP see SetpointPage 6.)
• Custom Accel Curve: Allows the user to custom design the acceleration start curve to the application. (See Setpoint
page 7 for configuration setup.)
Note: If Custom Accel Curve has not been enabled in Setpoint page 7, the soft starter will ignore the start control mode
and read this Setpoint as disabled.
SP2.2 Jog Voltage: The voltage level necessary to cause the motor to slowly rotate.
SP2.3 Start Ramp 1 Type: The ramp type can be setup for either Voltage or Current. If Voltage is selected, initial voltage,
ramp time and current limit are adjustable. If Current is selected, initial current, ramp time and maximum current are
adjustable.
Start Ramp 1 Type: Voltage
• Voltage Ramping is the most reliable starting method, because the starter will eventually reach an output voltage high
enough to draw full current and develop full torque. This method is useful for applications where the load conditions
change frequently and where different levels of torque are required. Typical applications include material handling
conveyors, positive displacement pumps and drum mixers. Voltage is increased from a starting point, (Initial Torque) to
full voltage over an adjustable period of time (Ramp Time). To achieve Voltage Ramping, select VOLTAGE for the START
RAMP #1 TYPE Setpoint and set CURRENT LIMIT #1 Setpoint to 500% (The maximum setting). Since this is essentially
Locked Rotor Current on most motors, there is little or no Current Limit effect on the Ramp profile.
FIG. SP2.3 Example of Switching from Jog to Start Ramp #1 Type: Voltage
• Voltage Ramping with Current Limit is the most used curve and is similar to voltage ramping however, it adds an
adjustable maximum current output. Voltage is increased gradually until the setting of the Maximum Current Limit Setpoint
is reached. The output is held at this level until the motor accelerates to full speed. This may be necessary in applications
where the electrical power is limited. Typical applications include portable or emergency generator supplies, utility power
near the end of a transmission line and utility starting power demand restrictions.
Note: Using Current Limit will override the Ramp Time setting if necessary, so use this feature when acceleration time is
not critical.
To set Voltage Ramping with Current Limit, select VOLTAGE for the START RAMP #1 Setpoint and set CURRENT LIMIT
#1 Setpoint to a desired lower setting, as determined by your application requirements.
This method is used for smooth linear increase of output torque. This ramp is only used on some conveyor systems (long
haul or down hill). For other applications, use Voltage Ramp or a custom Accel curve. Output voltage is constantly
updated to provide the linear current ramp, and therefore the available torque is maximized at any given speed. This is for
applications where rapid changes in torque may result in load damage or equipment changes. Typical applications include
overland conveyors if belt stretching occurs; fans and mixers if blade warping is a problem; and material handling systems
if stacked products fall over or break.
This feature can be used with or without the Maximum Current Limit setting. To achieve Current Ramping select
CURRENT for START RAMP #1 TYPE Setpoint and set the MAXIMUM CURRENT #1 Setpoint to the desired level.
• Current Limit Only (Current Step) uses the Current Limit feature exclusively.
This method of starting eliminates the Soft Start voltage/current ramp and instead, maximizes the effective application of
motor torque within the limits of the motor. In this mode, Setpoint RAMP TIME #1 is set to minimum so that the output
current jumps to the current limit setting immediately. Typically used with a limited power supply when starting a difficult
load such as a centrifuge or a deep well pump, when the motor capacity is barely adequate (stall condition or overloading
occurs) or if other starting modes fail. Since ramp times are set to minimum, START RAMP #1 TYPE is set to either
VOLTAGE or CURRENT.
• Initial Torque (Initial Voltage #1 or Initial Current #1)
Sets the initial start point of either Voltage Ramp or the Current Ramp. Every load requires some amount of torque to start
from a standstill. It is inefficient to begin ramping the motor from zero every time, since between zero and the WK2 breakaway torque level, no work is being performed. The initial torque level should be set to provide enough torque to start
rotating the motor shaft, enabling a Soft Start and preventing torque shock damage. Setting this start point too high will
not damage the starter, but may reduce or eliminate the soft start effect.
• Ramp Time #1
Sets the maximum allowable time for ramping the initial voltage, current (torque) or power setting to either of the following:
The Current Limit setting when the motor is still accelerating.
Full output voltage if the Current Limit is set to maximum.
kW if Power Ramp is selected.
Increasing the ramp time softens the start process by gradually increasing the voltage, current or power. Ideally, the ramp
time should be set for the longest amount of time the application will allow (without stalling the motor). Some applications
require a short ramp time due to the mechanics of the system. (i.e. centrifugal pumps, because pump problems can occur
due to insufficient torque).
• Current Limit
Sets the maximum motor current the starter will allow during the acceleration. As the motor begins to ramp, the Current
Limit feature sets a maximum at which the current draw is held. Current Limit remains in effect until the following occurs:
1) The motor reaches full speed (Detected by the At-Speed detection circuit) or;
2) The Overload Protection trips on Motor Thermal Overload. Once the motor reaches full speed, the Current Limit feature
becomes inactive. In the Voltage Ramp Profile, the voltage output is increased until it reaches the Current Limit. Ramp
time is the maximum amount of time it takes for the voltage to increase until the Current Limit setting takes over. The
Current Ramp profile varies the output voltage to provide a linear increase in current up to the Maximum Current Setpoint
value. A closed loop feedback of motor current maintains the Current Ramp profile
Motortronics Inc. Page 40
t
Initial Power
Maximum Power
Power Ramp
It is recommended to use the power ramp on a
loaded motor! Using the power ramp on an
unloaded motor may result is shorter than
anticipated acceleration times.
SP2.4 Start Ramp 2 Type: Please refer to Ramp 1 settings for Ramp 2 Type: Voltage selection.
Start Ramp 2: Power
The Power Ramp feature has three programmable set points, Initial Power, Ramp Time and Maximum Power.
The Initial Power set point allows the user to define an initial KW
(motor power) value that will be applied to the motor when the start
sequence is begun. It has a range of 0-100% and a default value of
20%.
The Ramp Time set point functions as all other ramp time set points
and allows the user to define a time period during which the applied KW (motor power) will be increased linearly to the
Maximum Power value set point. The adjustment range is 1 to 120 seconds. Once the Power Limit value is reached,
the system enters a constant power mode that regulates the applied motor power until the motor reaches full speed.
The Maximum Power set point has an adjustment range of 0-300% and a default value of 80%.
Power Ramp Calculations: The basic motor power value is derived from the line voltage and motor FLA, using a
unity power factor as a default. This allows for approximation of the motor power rating without any other input data.
During the Power Ramp process, the RMS line voltage, RMS motor current and power factor are measured on a cycle by
cycle basis and applied to the Power Ramp algorithm. The CPU then calculates the True RMS motor power and will
control the SCR firing to deliver the programmed power ramp values to the motor.
FIG. SP2.4
Initial Power: The Initial power set point allows the user to define an initial KW (motor power) value that will be
applied to the motor at the beginning of the start sequence.
Ramp Time #2: See Ramp Time #1 for description
Maximum Power: Sets the maximum motor power the starter will allow during the acceleration. As the motor begins
to ramp, the “Maximum Power” sets a limit.
SP2.5 Kick Start: Used as an initial energy burst in applications with high friction loads.
Kick Start Voltage: The initial voltage (as a percent of full voltage value) that is needed to start the motor. (i.e.
Breakaway or Initial Torque.)
Kick Start Time: The time the initial torque boost is applied.
SP2.6 Deceleration: Allows the motor to gradually come to a soft stop.
Start Deceleration Voltage: Upon receiving a STOP command the output voltage initially drops to this voltage.
(Represented as a percent of voltage value.)
Stop Deceleration Voltage: The drop-off point of the deceleration ramp. (Percent of voltage value.) The point at
which the unit output drops to zero to end the deceleration.
Deceleration Time: The time to get to the stop Deceleration Voltage Set point value.
SP2.7 Timed Output: Used with an AUX (5-8) relay. When enabled, and upon a start command, it waits until the
programmed time plus the run delayed time has expired. The relay energizes and remains so until a stop command is
received. It de-energizes upon receiving a stop command.
SP2.8 Run Delay Time: Can be used with an AUX (5-8) relay. The delay timer begins upon receipt of the start command.
The relay will then drop out when the time has expired.
SP2.9 At Speed Delay Time: Used with the AUX 4 relay, it energizes when the motor reaches At Speed and the
programmed delay time has expired. The relay remains energized until a stop command has been received.
SP3.1 Imbalance Alarm Level: This is an advance warning
of a phase imbalance problem. The problem may not be a
fault in the motor, but merely caused by imbalanced
voltages.
• Imbalance Alarm Delay: The amount of time the
imbalance condition must exist before an alarm occurs.
SP3.2 Imbalance Trip Level: This will trip the motor on
excessive phase imbalance. The trip level should be
programmed to a higher value than the alarm level.
• Imbalance Trip Delay: The amount of time the imbalance
condition must exist before a trip will occur.
SP3.3 Undercurrent Alarm Level: Typically used to warn of
possible load loss, a coupling break or other mechanical
problems.
• Undercurrent Alarm Delay: The amount of time the
undercurrent condition must exist before an alarm will occur.
SP3.4 Overcurrent Alarm Level: Typically used to indicate
when the motor is overloaded. This feature can be used to
either stop the feed to the equipment or warn operators of an
overload condition.
• Overcurrent Alarm Delay: The amount of time the
overcurrent condition must exist before an alarm will occur.
SP3.5 Overcurrent Trip Level: Typically used to indicate the
motor is severely overloaded and at which point a trip occurs.
• Overcurrent Trip Delay: The amount of time the
overcurrent condition must exist before a trip will occur.
SP3.6 Phase Loss Trip: When enabled, the Soft
Starter will trip the motor off-line upon a loss of phase
power.
• Phase Loss Trip Delay: The amount of time the
phase loss condition must exist before a trip will occur.
SP3.7 Phase Rotation Detection: The soft starter is
continuously monitoring the phase rotation. Upon a
start command, a trip will occur if it detects a change
in the phase rotation.
• Phase Rotation: There are two possible phase
rotation options: ABC or ACB. This Setpoint monitors
the wiring to ensure that the phase rotation is correct.
To view the present phase rotation, go to Metering
Page1, screen number 4.
SP3.8 *Ground Fault Alarm: Typically used to warn
of low level ground current leakage
• Ground Fault Alarm Delay: The amount of time that
the ground fault condition must exist before an alarm
will occur.
SP3.9 *Ground Fault Loset Trip Level: Typically
used to trip the motor on a low level of ground current
leakage. This Setpoint is intended to detect high
impedance faults.
• Ground Fault Loset Trip Delay: The amount of time
that the ground fault condition must exist before a trip
will occur.
* Ground Fault Option must be installed
SP3.10 *Ground Fault Hiset Trip Level: Used to trip
the motor (within milliseconds) upon detecting a high
level of ground current leakage. This Setpoint is
intended to detect low impedance faults.
• *Ground Fault Hiset Trip Delay: The amount of
time that the ground fault condition must exist before a
trip will occur.
SP3.11 Overvoltage Alarm Level: Typically used to
indicate when the line voltage is too high. This is an
alarm level.
• Overvoltage Alarm Delay: The amount of time that
the overvoltage condition must exist before an alarm
occurs.
SP3.12 Overvoltage Trip Level: Typically used to indicate that the line voltage is too high and at which point a trip occurs
• Overvoltage Trip Delay: The amount of time that the overvoltage condition must exist before a trip will occur.
SP3.13 Undervoltage Alarm Level: Typically used to indicate when the line voltage is too low. This is an alarm level.
• Undervoltage Alarm Delay: The amount of time that the undervoltage condition must exist before an alarm occurs.
SP3.14 Undervoltage Trip Level: Typically used to indicate that the line voltage is too low at which point a trip occurs.
• Undervoltage Trip Delay: The amount of time that the undervoltage condition must exist before a trip occurs.
SP3.15 Line Frequency Trip Window: The acceptable amount of drift above or below the line frequency (Hz) before a
trip is generated.
• Line Frequency Trip Delay: The amount of time that the frequency drift condition must exist beyond the window
before a trip occurs.
SP3.16 Power Factor Lead Alarm: Typically used to indicate a leading power factor.
• Power Factor Lead Alarm Delay: The amount of time that the power factor lead condition must exist beyond the
window before an alarm occurs.
SP3.17 Power Factor Lead Trip: The acceptable amount of power factor lead before a trip is generated.
• Power Factor Lead Delay: The amount of time that the power factor lead condition must exist beyond the window
before a trip will occur.
SP3.18 Power Factor Lag Alarm: Typically used to indicate a lagging power factor.
• Power Factor Lag Alarm Delay: The amount of time that the power factor lagging condition must exist beyond the
window before an alarm occurs.
SP3.19 Power Factor Lag Trip: The acceptable mount of power factor lag before a trip is generated.
• Power Factor Lag Delay: The amount of time that the power factor lag condition must exist beyond the window
before a trip will occur.
SP3.20 Power Demand Period: The Soft Starter monitors the demand of the motor based on several parameters
(current, kW, kVAR, kVA). Monitoring the demand of the motor assist in the energy management program where
processes can be altered or scheduled to reduce overall demand. Demand is calculated by taking samples of the
output current, kW, kVAR and kVA over a period of time, then averaged and stored into memory.
SP.4 Relay Assignment (Setpoint Page 4) – Continued
(Security Level 2)
All of the protective functions of the Soft Starter are user programmable to an output relay. The factory will ship with all
tripping functions assigned to TRIP (AUX1) relay, and all alarm functions to ALARM (AUX2) relay.
Note: AUX1 - 4 are Factory Set and should not be changed.
SP4.1 The following is a list of all the user programmable functions.
Note: The 1st Relay Assignments are factory defaults and should not be changed.
In Setpoint Page 5 the user can configure the four output relays as either fail-safe or non fail-safe and latching or nonlatching.
SP5.1 When a relay has been configured for "Fail Safe" and power is applied to the unit the relay will energize and its
contacts will change state. The relay will then de-energize and its contacts revert back when an event occurs of if power is
removed.
NOTE: The relays in the soft starter will not prevent a start sequence unless they are wired in as interlocks. If power is
lost, the motor power is also lost. Do not change the programming for AUX 1-4. These are for factory use only. AUX 5-8
are user defined outputs.
SP5.2 A relay configured as non-latching will reset itself when the cause of the trip event is not continuous. The TRIP
(AUX1) relay should always be programmed for latching, because this trip should require a visual inspection of the motor
and starter before issuing a manual reset to release the relay after a trip has been stored.
Motortronics Inc. Page 48
TACHOMETER SCALE
SELECTION: DISABLED
ANALOG OUTPUT #1
:RMS CURRENT
TACH ACCEL TRIP MODE
SELECT: DISABLED
MANUAL TACH SCALE
4.0 mA: 0 RPM
TACH RAMP TIME
: 20 SEC
TACH UNDERSPEED TRIP
PT: 1650 RPM
TACH OVERSPEED TRIP
PT: 1850 RPM
TACH ACCEL TRIP
DELAY: 1 SEC
ANALOG OUTPUT #1
4ma: 0
ANALOG OUTPUT #1
4ma: 0 20mA: 250
MANUAL TACH SCALE
20.0 mA: 2000 RPM
Page 6
User I/O Configuration
MENU
Option: Enabled or
Disabled
(DOWN ARROW 5 TIMES)
Range: 0-3600RPM
Increments of 5
Range: 0-3600RPM
Increments of 5
ENABLED
Option: Underspeed,
Overspeed or Disabled
Range: 0-65535
Increments of 1
Range: 1-120 SEC.,Disabled
Increments of 1
Range: 0-3600RPM
Increments of 5
Range: 0-3600RPM
Increments of 5
Range: 1-60 SEC.
Increments of 1
Range: 0-65535
Increments of 1
Range:
Analog Output Range
RPM 0 - 3600
Hottest Bearing 0 - 200°C
Hottest Stator RTD 0 - 200°C
RMS Current 0 - 6500A
% Motor Load 0 - 1000%
KW 0-30000 KW
OFF
Increments of 1
SP.6 User I/O Configuration (Setpoint Page 6) - Continued
(Security Level 2)
The Soft Starter can be configured to accept a tachometer feedback signal using the 4-20mA input.
SP6.1 The first screen of Setpoint page 6 is TACHOMETER SCALE SELECTION. When this is set to ENABLED, the
user will need to input the tachometer scale of the 4-20mA input range.
Manual Tach Scale 4.0 mA: The unit is looking for an RPM value to assign to the lowest point on the scale. This
Value should represent the motor at zero speed.
Manual Tach Scale 20.0 mA: The unit is looking for an RPM value to assign to the highest point on the scale. This
value should represent the motor at full speed.
SP6.2 Tach Accel Trip Mode Select: When enabled, the underspeed or overspeed must be selected for the Tach Accel
Trip. If underspeed is selected, only the Tach Underspeed Trip Point will be used. If overspeed is selected, only the Tach
Overspeed Trip Point will be used.
Tach Ramp Time: This is the duration of time before the starter begins sampling the tachometer.
Tach Underspeed Trip: Defines the minimum motor speed using the Tach feedback. When the underspeed trip
mode is enabled and the motor speed falls below this level for the time specified by the Tach Accel Trip Delay an
underspeed trip occurs.
Tach Overspeed Trip: Defines the maximum allowed motor speed using the Tach feedback. When the overspeed
trip mode is enabled and the motor speed exceeds this level for the time specified by the Tach Accel Trip Delay an
overspeed trip occurs.
Tach Accel Trip Delay: The duration of time that the Tach Accel trip condition must persist before a trip is generated.
SP6.3 The controller provides two 4-20mA analog outputs. Each analog output is independent of the other and can be
assigned to monitor different functions. The available output ranges are; RPM, Hottest Non-Stator (Bearing) RTD, Hottest
Stator RTD, RMS current, and % Motor Load.
Analog Output #1 – Select a function from the available five options to be transmitted from the 4-20mA output.
Note: If selecting RPM, the Tachometer feedback input signal must be present in order for the controller to give proper
output. If selecting RTD, the RTD option must be installed and an RTD input signal must be present for a proper output to
be given from the analog output.
Analog Output #1 (4 mA): Enter a value that the 4mA level will represent for the selected function; typically this value
should be 0.
Analog Output #1 (20 mA): Enter a value that the 20mA level will represent for the selected function.
SP6.4 Analog Output #2 – All of the Setpoints and setup screens for Analog Output #2 are the same as those for
SP.6 User I/O Configuration (Setpoint Page 6) - Continued
(Security Level 2)
SP6.5 User Programmable External Inputs: The controller provides up to 4 digital external inputs which are individually
programmable. A description name can be assigned to each individual input for easy identification.
External Input #1: Factory programmed for TCB Fault.
External Input #2: If used, this Setpoint must be enabled.
Name Ext. Input #2: The user can assign a description name to the input to easily identify the cause of external trip or
alarm. Up to 15 characters including spaces can be used to assign the name.
External Input #2 Type: The external input can be set as either a normally open or normally closed contact.
External Input #2 Time Delay: Upon a change in contact setting, the unit will wait the programmed amount of time
before generating an output. If no delay is needed, then input 0 seconds. The controller will post an event upon
seeing a change in state.
External Input #3: The setup screens and Setpoints for External Input #3 includes the option of being configured for
Dual Ramp. In Dual Ramp mode, the initial contact setting is the same as the START RAMP #1. Upon a change in
input contact state, the controller will switch over to START RAMP #2 and use that setting for start control mode.
Note: The start RAMP types should only be switched while the motor is stopped. In Setpoint Page 4 Relay Assignments
do not assign any output relay to this function. The controller is programmed with External input #3 programmed for dual
ramp. If it is not needed, disable the dual ramp.
• External Input #4 – These input screens are for the thermostat input and can be enabled or disabled.
Note: It is recommended that this function remain enabled. If the thermostat indicates an over temperature condition, the
controller will trip the motor.
SP7.1 Setpoint Page 7 allows the user to
custom design the acceleration curve (start
curve) for a specific application. The custom
design setup allows for up to three different
curves in the Soft Starter. Only one curve can
be active (enabled) at any given time. Each of
the three curves allow for eight voltage plotting
points, with corresponding ramp times and a
current limit setting.
Note: Each successive voltage level must be
programmed to a voltage level equal to or
greater than the previous level. All eight
voltage levels must be programmed and the
eighth level has been preset at 100%.
• If Custom Accel Curve has been set to curve
A, B or C on this page, the Soft Starter will
override the Start Control Mode selected in
Setpoint Page 2, (even if Start Control Mode in
Setpoint Page 2 has not been set to Custom
Accel Curve).
Configures the unit’s start and run protection mode. The unit has independent start and run curve protection and the
settings can be based on the OL Class or set by the motor’s locked rotor current and time.
SP8.1 Basic Run Overload Curve
• Run Curve Locked Rotor Time: Set the locked rotor time to the OL Class default chosen in Setpoint Page 1 or set the
time in seconds. This is the time the locked rotor condition exists before a trip occurs.
• Run Locked Rotor Current: The current the motor draws with full voltage on the windings and no rotor movement (as a
percent of motor FLA). Refer to the nameplate data or contact the motor manufacturer.
• Coast Down Timer: If enabled, this prevents the motor from restarting for the programmed amount of time, after a stop
Start Curve Locked Rotor Time: The locked rotor time can be set to the OL Class default chosen in Setpoint Page 1
or to a specific time. The overload condition must exist for the programmed amount of time before a trip occurs.
Start Locked Rotor Current: The current the motor draws with full voltage on the windings and no motor movement
(as a percent of motor FLA). Refer to the motor nameplate data or contact the motor manufacturer.
Acceleration Time Limit: If the motor does not enter run mode (reach “at speed”) within the preset time, the unit trips
on acceleration time limit.
Number of Starts per hour: If enabled, this limits the maximum number of starts permitted per hour. This Setpoint
allows a maximum of 6 starts per hour. Contact the motor manufacturer for further information regarding number of
starts per hour.
Time Between Starts: If enabled, the soft starter prevents another start attempt until the programmed time has
expired.
SP8.3 Area Under Curve Protection: If enabled, this secondary start protection uses both the basic start protection and
the area under the curve protection.
Max I*I*T Start: The maximum I²t allowed during start. If the I²t to start exceeds this number then the Soft Starter will
generate a trip.
SP8.4 Current Over Curve: Learns the motor’s starting characteristics and protects the motor based upon the learned
curve. It is useful when commissioning a new motor.
Learn: The unit reads the motor’s starting characteristics. Start the motor and allow it to come to full speed. The start
feedback enables the motor protection based on the learned start curve.
Learned Start Curve Bias: The maximum allowed deviation above or below the start curve before a trip is generated.
Time for sampling: The time the soft starter continues to sample the start curve characteristic during learn mode.
Note: The RTD is an option. Contact factory for additional information.
The Soft Starter is available with an optional RTD card that provides 12 programmable RTDs which are individually
programmable for type. The available types are 100 ohm platinum, 100 ohm nickel, 120 ohm nickel and 10 ohm copper.
Each RTD can be identified with a description name of up to 15 characters (including spacing). Also, each individual RTD
has it own alarm and trip level.
SP9.1 Use NEMA Temp for RTD Value:
When this Setpoint is enabled, the Soft Starter will use the NEMA design insulation class to limit the maximum allowed
range of the alarm and trip level. The maximum allowed temperature range is 240° C or (464°F).
SP9.2 Number Of RTD’S Used for Stator:
Up to six RTDs can be assigned to monitor the stator of the motor.
SP9.3 RTD Voting:
When this is enabled, the Soft Starter will not post a trip until 2 RTD’s have exceeded the trip level. This prevents
nuisance RTD tripping.
SP9.4 RTD Setup:
Each of the 12 RTDs is configured in the following manner. The first column is the RTD type, the second column is the
RTD description, the third column is the alarm level, and the fourth column is the trip level. The first six RTDs have been
pre-programmed with a description name for the STATOR, with two RTDs per phase.
RTDs #1 & #2 have been named STATOR PHASE A1 and A2 respectively. RTDs #3 & 4 are named STATOR PHASE B1
and B2, RTDs #5 & 6 are named STATOR PHASE C1 and C2.
If other description names are required, press the right arrow button from the RTD Type screen to go the RTD description
screen. If no alarm or trip level is required these Setpoints can be turned off.
The soft starter has three levels of user programmable setpoint screens. Level one setpoints do not require a password
because the data contained in level one is basic nameplate data and starter control. Level two setpoint screens require a
three-digit password to configure the protection schemes. Level three setpoint screens require a four-digit password to
access the full range of protection and starter schemes.
SP10.1 Set Level 2 Password: This level uses a 3-digit password. The default level 2 password is 100.
SP10.2 Set Level 3 Password: Level three uses a 4-digit password. The default level 3 password is 1000.
SP12.1 Default Display Screen: This Setpoint group allows the user to choose the default screen the Soft Starter
displays while the motor is running. Select the metering page number (1-3), then, select the metering screen number. The
range varies depending on the selected page. To display a default screen, program the following two Setpoints:
Metering Data Page#: Range is Page 1 - 3.
Metering Data Screen#: If Page 1 is selected as the default page, then Screens 1- 10 are available. If Page 2
Screens 1-29 are available. If Page 3 is selected then Screens 1-6 are available. (See Metering Menu, MP.1, for
screen number assignment.)
SP12.2 Alarms: Configures the RTD failure alarm (when RTD option is included) and the thermal register alarm.
RTD Failure Alarm: If enabled, and an RTD shorts or open, an alarm occurs. (Only if RTD option is installed).
Thermal Register Alarm: Sets a level in the thermal register to generate an alarm when the Thermal Register
Capacity Used has exceeded this level.
Thermal Alarm Delay: The amount of time that the Thermal Register Used must exceed the Setpoint before an alarm
condition will occur.
SP12.3 Thermal Register Setup Information: This Setpoint group will configure the thermal register and indicate to the
soft starter which inputs to use when thermal modeling.
Cold Stall Time: Enter the time from the motor manufacturer’s specification sheet or use the time defined by the OL
Class. This Setpoint is used to define the thermal capacity of the motor.
Hot Stall Time: Enter the amount of time specified by the motor manufacturer or use half of the time defined by the
OL Class.
Stopped Cool Down Time: The time the motor needs to cool down after it has stopped. Use only the data provided
by the motor manufacturer. This Setpoint is used to configure the cooling rate of the thermal register.
Running Cool Down Time: The amount of time the motor needs to cool down while running. Use only the data
provided by the motor manufacturer.
Relay Measured Cool Rates: When the RTD option is supplied, the Soft Starter can be configured to use the
measured cooling rates from the RTDs instead of the programmed settings. This Setpoint should only be enabled
when the RTD option is present.
Thermal Register Minimum: Sets the value in the thermal register which represents a motor running at the
nameplate current (with no overheating or negative sequence currents present).
Motor Design Ambient Temperature: Use the data from the motor manufacturer’s specifications. When RTD option
is supplied, this Setpoint will be the base point for the RTD biasing of the Thermal Register.
Motor Design Run Temperature: Use the data from the motor manufacturer’s specifications. This Setpoint defines
the operating temperature rise of the motor at full load amps or 100% load.
Motor Stator Max Temperature: This represents the maximum temperature the stator insulation will withstand. The
user may choose to use the temperature setting of the insulation class (selected in Setpoint Page 1) or enter a
specific maximum temperature. This value should not exceed the stator’s insulation temperature. This maximum
temperature represents 100% thermal capacity.
U/B Input to Thermal Register: Always enabled. It allows the soft starter to use the line current imbalance
Certain screens are displayed for user information only, such as Current date and time, Model number and Firmware
revision number. Setpoint changes in this page will only be accessible to factory personnel.
SP13.1 Set Date and Time: Displays the date and time.
Enter Date (DDMMYYYY): Allows the factory personnel to program the date for the soft starter in the format shown.
Enter Time (HH:MM): Allows the factory personnel to program the time for the soft starter.
SP13.2 Model & Firmware #: Displays the model number and firmware revision in the soft starter.
SP13.3 Press Enter to Access Factory Settings: Available to qualified personnel.
Motortronics Inc. Page 63
Metering
Page
Description of Display
Screen
PAGE 1
Metering Menu & Data
Phase A, B, C and Ground Fault (Option)
1
Average current of the % of imbalance and the motor's RPM (Tach Option)
2
Motor load as a percentage of motor FLA
3
Line frequency and present phase sequence
4
Percentage of remaining Thermal Register
5
Thermal capacity required to start the motor
6
Average time required to start
7
Average current during start
8
Measured I2T required to start the motor
9
Amount of time required to start the motor during the last successful start
10
Metering
Page
Description of Display
Screen
PAGE 2
Metering
Phase A, B, C currents and Power Factor
1
Phase A, B, C currents and Ground Fault (Option)
2
Displays KW and KVA
3
Displays KVAR and Power Factor
4
Displays Peak ON and KW Demand
5
Displays Peak ON and KVA Demand
6
Displays Peak ON and KVAR Demand
7
Displays Peak ON and Amps Demand
8
Clears Demand values
9
Displays Megawatt hours used
10
Press enter to clear statistics on MWH values
11
Metering
Page
Description of Display
Screen
PAGE 3
RTD Values
Hottest stator RTD (#1 - 6)
1
Hottest non-stator RTD (#7 - 12)
2
Temperature of start phase A1 in °C and °F
3
Maximum temperature for RTD #1
4
Same as Screens 3 - 4 for RTDs #2 - 12
5 - 26
Clear the maximum temperature register (Level 3 password required)
27
Measured running thermal stabilization time of motor (in minutes)
28
Measured stopped cooling time (to ambient) of motor (in minutes)
29
Metering
Page
Description of Display
Screen
PAGE 4
Status
Current status
1
Amount of time remaining before an overload trip occurs
2
Amount of time remaining from a thermal inhibit signal
3
Coast down time remaining
4
Amount of time remaining before a start command can be given
*Screen 1: Displays the present state of the unit as follows:
Screen 2: Displays the amount of time remaining before an overload trip will
occur.
Screen 3: Displays the amount of time remaining from a thermal inhibit. The inhibit
time comes from the amount of thermal register remaining versus the amount of
thermal capacity required to start.
Screen 4: Displays the coast down time remaining (Backspin time). The time
remaining depends upon the user setting in Setpoint Page 8, Coast Down Time.
Screen 5: Displays the amount of time remaining before a start command can be
given. The time remaining depends upon the setting in Setpoint page 5.
Screen 6: If the number of starts per hour has exceeded the setting in Setpoint
page 8.
Screen 1: Displays the total of megawatt hours.
Screen 2: Displays the accumulated total running hours.
Screen 3: Clears the total running hour count.
Screen 4: Displays the total number of trips since the
last clearing of the statistical data and the
total number of short circuit trips.
Screen 5: Displays the number of start overload and run
overload trips since the last clearing of the
statistical data.
Screen 6: Displays the number of frequency trips and
Imbalance trips.
Screen 7: Displays the number of overcurrent trips
Screen 8: Displays the number of Stator and non-Stator
RTD Trips
Screen 9: Displays the number of Ground Fault Hi and
Lo Set trips
Screen 10: Displays the number of acceleration time
trips.
Screen 11: Displays the number of start under curve
trips
Screen 12: Displays the number start over curve trips
Screen 13: Displays the number of I2T start curve trips
Screen 14: Displays the number of learned start curve
trips.
Screen 15: Displays the number of fail shunt trips.
Screen 16: Displays the number of phase loss trips.
Screen 17: Displays the number of tachometer
acceleration trips.
Screen 18: Displays the number of undervoltage and
overvoltage trips.
Screen 19: Displays the number of power factor trips.
Screen 20: Displays the number of phase reversal trips.
Screen 21: Displays the number of low control voltage trips.
Screen 22: Displays the number of external input #1
trips.
Screen 23: Displays the number of external input #2
trips.
Screen 24: Displays the number of external input #3
trips.
Screen 25: Displays the number of external input #4
trips.
Screen 26: Requires a Security Level 2 password to
clear the statistics.
Motortronics Inc. Page 73
Problem
CPU LCD
Display
LED
AUX
Relay
Possible Cause
Solutions
One of the main fuses
blows or circuit breaker
opens when the power
is applied or disconnect
is closed.
TCB FAULT
TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Short circuit between
the inputs
Locate and remove short
Faulty SCRs
Remove power and test SCR(s).
Refer to Section 7.1.1 for the SCR
testing procedure
Short Circuit Trip
SHORT
CIRCUIT TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Short circuit or ground
fault in motor/cabling
Locate and remove short or ground
Phase Loss
Repair cause of phase loss
Branch circuit
protection not correctly
sized
Verify correct sizing of branch
circuit protection
Faulty main circuit
board
Remove power and replace main
circuit board.
Faulty SCRs
Remove power and test SCR(s).
Refer to Section 7.1.1 for the SCR
testing procedure
Single Phase Trip
SINGLE
PHASE TRIP
(Check LCD
display for
possible fault
indicators)
Trip
AUX1
Single phase incoming
power
Correct problem with incoming
power
Faulty SCRs
Remove power and test SCR(s).
Refer to Section 7.1.1 for the SCR
testing procedure
Environment
Temperature over 122°
F (ambient temperature
for chassis units) or
over 104°F (ambient
temperature for
enclosed version
Place unit in environment
temperature less than 122°F for
panel version or less than 104°F for
enclosed version.
Bypass failed to close
Check bypass contactor and wiring.
The "At Speed" delay is incorrectly
programmed. Reprogram back to
factory default value.
The Soft Starter is designed to be a maintenance-free product. However, as with all electronic equipment, the unit should be
checked periodically for build-up of dirt, moisture or industrial contaminants. These can cause high voltage arc-over, carbon
tracking or prevent proper cooling of the SCR heat sinks. All bolts should be checked annually for proper tightness using an
accurate torque wrench. According to the manufacturer’s manual, check the contactor for air gap spacing of the vacuum
bottles.
Note: If the unit is installed in a contaminated environment and forced air cooling is used, blower filters must be checked
and cleaned regularly to insure proper air flow and cooling of the enclosure.
7.1 Failure Analysis
When a fault occurs, the LCD will display the fault error while the listed LED and AUX Relay will be lit. Please clear all faults
before attempting to restart the unit.
Note: If the problem persists after the required programming changes have been made, and all corrective action has
been taken, please contact the factory for assistance.
Motortronics Inc. Page 74
Problem
CPU LCD
Display
LED
AUX
Relay
Possible Cause
Solutions
Phase Loss
PHASE LOSS
Trip
AUX1
Loss of 1 or more
phases of power from
utility or generated
power.
Check power source.
Blown power fuses
Check for short circuits.
Overload
OVERLOAD
TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Improper programming
Check motor nameplate versus
programmed parameters.
Possible load damage
or jammed load
Check motor currents.
Stall prevention
ACCEL TIME
TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Improper setting for
motor load condition
Verify current limit setting.
Damaged load
Check for load failure.
Under Voltage
Trip
UNDER
VOLTAGE
TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Improper programming
Check Setpoint settings.
Wrong position of
disconnect or breaker
Check disconnect or open breaker
Main contactor failed to
close
Check internal connections
Transformer too small
Reduce current limit setting,
saturation or
sagging power supply transformer
Unloaded motor
Check load
Self-test Failure
SELF-TEST
FAILURE
Trip
AUX1
Failed CPU or Main
Firing Board
Contact factory
Vibration
Check internal wiring connections
Line Frequency
Trip
OVER OR
UNDER
FREQUENCY
TRIP
Trip
AUX1
Generator Power
Problem or grid change
Troubleshoot and repair generator
Contact utility company
Main board failure
Three phase power removed from
Main
Any Ground Fault
Trip
GROUND
FAULT
HI-SET OR
LO-SET
Trip
AUX1
Improper programming
Check Setpoint settings
Any wire going to
ground (I.e. stator
ground, motor ground,
soft start ground)
Check with megger or Hi-pot motor
leads and motor
High vibration or loose
connections
Check internal connections
Short Circuit Trip
Check for fault
indication
Trip
AUX1
!
WARNING
This is a serious fault condition. Ensure that the fault condition
is cleared on the load side before attempting to restart the
motor.