AP-51xx Access Point
Product Reference Guide
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
Symbol is a registered trademark of Symbol Technologies, Inc. All other product or service
names are the property of their respective owners. © 2008 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved.
AP-51xx Access Point
Product Reference Guide
72E-103901-01
January 2008
Contents
About This Guide
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Notational Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Service Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Chapter 1. Introduction
New Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Adaptive AP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Rogue AP Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Bandwidth Management Enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Radius Time-Based Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
QBSS Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Single or Dual Mode Radio Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Separate LAN and WAN Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Multiple Mounting Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Antenna Support for 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Radios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Sixteen Configurable WLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Support for 4 BSSIDs per Radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Quality of Service (QoS) Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Industry Leading Data Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Kerberos Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
EAP Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
WEP Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
KeyGuard Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Using TKIP Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
WPA2-CCMP (802.11i) Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
Firewall Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
VPN Tunnels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
Content Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
VLAN Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12
Multiple Management Accessibility Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12
Updatable Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12
Programmable SNMP v1/v2/v3 Trap Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
Power-over-Ethernet Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
MU-MU Transmission Disallow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
Voice Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
Support for CAM and PSP MUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Statistical Displays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15
Transmit Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15
Advanced Event Logging Capability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16
Configuration File Import/Export Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16
Default Configuration Restoration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16
DHCP Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16
Multi-Function LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-17
Mesh Networking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-17
Additional LAN Subnet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18
On-board Radius Server Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18
Hotspot Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-19
Routing Information Protocol (RIP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-19
Manual Date and Time Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20
Dynamic DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20
Auto Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20
Theory of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20
Cellular Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-21
MAC Layer Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22
Media Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22
Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-23
MU Association Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-23
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-24
Management Access Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-25
AP-51xx MAC Address Assignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-27
Chapter 2. Hardware Installation
Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Available Product Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
AP-5131 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
AP-5181 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Access Point Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Site Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6
Antenna Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6
AP-5131 Antenna Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6
AP-5181 Antenna Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8
Power Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
AP-5131 Power Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
AP-5181 Power Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10
Power Injector and Power Tap Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10
Installing the Power Injector or Power Tap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-11
Preparing for Site Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-11
Cabling the Power Injector and Power Tap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-11
Power Injector LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-12
Mounting an AP-5131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13
Desk Mounted Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13
Wall Mounted Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15
Suspended Ceiling T-Bar Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17
Above the Ceiling (Plenum) Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20
AP-5131 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-23
Mounting an AP-5181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-24
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AP-5181 Pole Mounted Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-24
AP-5181 Wall Mounted Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-27
AP-5181 LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Setting Up MUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Chapter 3. Getting Started
Installing the Access Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Default Configuration Changes for the Access Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Initially Connecting to the Access Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Connecting to the Access Point using the WAN Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Connecting to the Access Point using the LAN Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Basic Device Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
Configuring Device Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Configuring WLAN Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Testing Connectivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14
Where to Go from Here? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
Chapter 4. System Configuration
Configuring System Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
Adaptive AP Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Configuring Data Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Managing Certificate Authority (CA) Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-14
Importing a CA Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-14
Creating Self Certificates for Accessing the VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16
Creating a Certificate for Onboard Radius Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-20
Configuring SNMP Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-23
Configuring SNMP Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-29
Enabling SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-31
Configuring Specific SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-34
Configuring SNMP RF Trap Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-37
Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-39
Logging Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-42
Importing/Exporting Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44
Updating Device Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-49
Upgrade/Downgrade Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-55
Chapter 5. Network Management
Configuring the LAN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Configuring VLAN Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5
Configuring LAN1 and LAN2 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9
Configuring Advanced DHCP Server Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12
Setting the Type Filter Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14
Configuring WAN Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16
Configuring Network Address Translation (NAT) Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-21
Configuring Port Forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-23
Configuring Dynamic DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-25
Enabling Wireless LANs (WLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-27
Creating/Editing Individual WLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-30
Configuring WLAN Security Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-34
Configuring a WLAN Access Control List (ACL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-36
Setting the WLAN Quality of Service (QoS) Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-39
Configuring WLAN Hotspot Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-45
Setting the WLAN’s Radio Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-51
Configuring the 802.11a or 802.11b/g Radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-55
Configuring Bandwidth Management Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-63
Configuring Router Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-66
Setting the RIP Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-67
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Chapter 6. Configuring Access Point Security
Configuring Security Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2
Setting Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3
Resetting the Access Point Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4
Enabling Authentication and Encryption Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5
Configuring Kerberos Authentication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8
Configuring 802.1x EAP Authentication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-11
Configuring WEP Encryption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-16
Configuring KeyGuard Encryption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-18
Configuring WPA/WPA2 Using TKIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-21
Configuring WPA2-CCMP (802.11i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-24
Configuring Firewall Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-27
Configuring LAN to WAN Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-30
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Available Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-33
Configuring Advanced Subnet Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-34
Configuring VPN Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-36
Configuring Manual Key Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-40
Configuring Auto Key Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-44
Configuring IKE Key Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-47
Viewing VPN Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-50
Configuring Content Filtering Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-52
Configuring Rogue AP Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-55
Moving Rogue APs to the Allowed AP List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-59
Displaying Rogue AP Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-60
Using MUs to Detect Rogue Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-62
Configuring User Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-64
Configuring the Radius Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-64
Configuring LDAP Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-67
Configuring a Proxy Radius Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-70
Managing the Local User Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-72
Mapping Users to Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-74
Defining User Access Permissions by Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-76
Editing Group Access Permissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-78
Chapter 7. Monitoring Statistics
Viewing WAN Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2
Viewing LAN Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6
Viewing a LAN’s STP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9
Viewing Wireless Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Viewing WLAN Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15
Viewing Radio Statistics Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
Viewing Radio Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-20
Retry Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-24
Viewing MU Statistics Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-25
Viewing MU Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-27
Pinging Individual MUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-30
MU Authentication Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-31
Viewing the Mesh Statistics Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-32
Viewing Known Access Point Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-33
Chapter 8. CLI Reference
Connecting to the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-2
Accessing the CLI through the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-2
Accessing the CLI via Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-2
Admin and Common Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-3
Network Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-11
Network LAN Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-12
Network LAN, Bridge Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-17
Network LAN, WLAN-Mapping Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-20
Network LAN, DHCP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-29
Network Type Filter Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-35
Network WAN Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-40
Network WAN NAT Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-43
Network WAN, VPN Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-49
AP51xx>admin(network.wan.content)> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-58
Network WAN, Dynamic DNS Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-62
Network Wireless Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-66
Network WLAN Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-67
Network Security Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-80
Network ACL Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-88
Network Radio Configuration Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-93
Network Quality of Service (QoS) Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-110
Network Bandwith Management Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-115
Network Rogue-AP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-118
Network MU Locationing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-128
Network Firewall Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-131
Network Router Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-136
System Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-142
Adaptive AP Setup Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-148
System Access Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-152
System Certificate Management Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-155
System SNMP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-168
System SNMP Access Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-169
System SNMP Traps Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-174
System User Database Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-180
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System Radius Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-193
System Network Time Protocol (NTP) Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-216
System Log Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-221
System Configuration-Update Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-227
Firmware Update Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-234
Statistics Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-238
Chapter 9. Configuring Mesh Networking
Mesh Networking Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
The AP-51xx Client Bridge Association Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3
Client Bridge Configuration Process Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4
Defining the Mesh Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-5
Mesh Networking and the AP-51xx’s Two Subnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-5
Normal Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
Impact of Importing/Exporting Configurations to a Mesh Network . . . . . . . . .9-6
Configuring Mesh Networking Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
Setting the LAN Configuration for Mesh Networking Support . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
Configuring a WLAN for Mesh Networking Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-9
Configuring the Access Point Radio for Mesh Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-13
Mesh Network Deployment - Quick Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-20
Scenario 1 - Two Base Bridges and One Client Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-20
Configuring AP#1: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-21
Configuring AP#2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-26
Configuring AP#3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-27
Verifying Mesh Network Functionality for Scenario #1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-30
Scenario 2 - Two Hop Network with a Base Bridge and a Client Bridge . . . .9-31
Configuring AP#1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-32
Configuring AP#2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-32
Configuring AP#3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-33
Verifying Mesh Network Functionality for Scenario #2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-36
Mesh Networking Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-37
Chapter 10. Adaptive AP
Adaptive AP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
Where to Go From Here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-2
Adaptive AP Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
Types of Adaptive APs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
Licensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Switch Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Auto Discovery using DHCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Manual Adoption Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-5
Securing a Configuration Channel Between Switch and AP . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Adaptive AP WLAN Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Configuration Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Securing Data Tunnels between the Switch and AAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Adaptive AP Switch Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Remote Site Survivability (RSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Adaptive Mesh Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Supported Adaptive AP Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9
Topology Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9
Extended WLANs Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-10
Independent WLANs Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-10
Extended WLANs with Independent WLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-10
Extended WLAN with Mesh Networking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
How the AP Receives its Adaptive Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Establishing Basic Adaptive AP Connectivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-13
Adaptive AP Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-13
Adopting an Adaptive AP Manually. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-13
Adopting an Adaptive AP Using a Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-15
Adopting an Adaptive AP Using DHCP Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-15
Switch Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-16
Adaptive AP Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-19
Sample Switch Configuration File for IPSec and Independent WLAN . . . . .10-20
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Appendix A. Technical Specifications
Physical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
AP-5131 Physical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
AP-5181 Physical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
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Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Radio Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Antenna Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
AP-5131 Antenna Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
2.4 GHz Antenna Matrix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
5.2 GHz Antenna Matrix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
AP-5131 Additional Antenna Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
AP-5131 Antenna Accessory Connectors, Cable Type and Length . . . . . A-6
AP-5181 Antenna Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Country Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
Appendix B. Usage Scenarios
Configuring Automatic Updates using a DHCP or Linux BootP Server . . . . . . . . . . .B-1
Windows - DHCP Server Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2
Embedded Options - Using Option 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2
Global Options - Using Extended/Standard Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-4
DHCP Priorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-5
Linux - BootP Server Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-6
BootP Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-7
BootP Priorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-9
Configuring an IPSEC Tunnel and VPN FAQs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-9
Configuring a VPN Tunnel Between Two Access Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-10
Configuring a Cisco VPN Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-13
Frequently Asked VPN Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-14
Replacing an AP-4131 with an AP-5131 or AP-5181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-20
Appendix C. Customer Support
Index
About This Guide
Introduction
This guide provides configuration and setup information for the AP-5131 and AP-5181 model
access points. For the purposes of this guide, the devices will be called AP-51xx or the generic
term “access point” when identical configuration activities are applied to both models.
Document Conventions
The following document conventions are used in this document:
NOTE Indicate tips or special requirements.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
CAUTION Indicates conditions that can cause equipment damage or data loss.
!
WARNING! Indicates a condition or procedure that could result in personal injury or
equipment damage.
Notational Conventions
The following notational conventions are used in this document:
• Italics are used to highlight specific items in the general text, and to identify chapters and
sections in this and related documents.
• Bullets (•) indicate:
• action items
• lists of alternatives
• lists of required steps that are not necessarily sequential
• Sequential lists (those describing step-by-step procedures) appear as numbered lists.
Service Information
If a problem is encountered with the access point, contact Customer Support. Refer to
Appendix C for contact information. Before calling, have the model number and serial number at hand.
If the problem cannot be solved over the phone, you may need to return your equipment for servicing.
If that is necessary, you will be given specific instructions.
Motorola is not responsible for any damages incurred during shipment if the approved shipping
container is not used. Shipping the units improperly can possibly void the warranty. If the original
shipping container was not kept, contact Motorola to have another sent to you.
Introduction
This AP-51xx Product Reference Guide contains setup and advanced configuration instructions for
both the AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access points. Both the AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access
points share the same Web UI, CLI and MIB interfaces. There are no differences in how the devices
are configured using the instructions within this guide, even though the Web UI displays AP-5131 or
AP-5181 specifically.
However, there are several differences between the two models you should be aware of. The
AP-5181 is constructed to support outdoor installations, while the AP-5131 model is constructed
primarily for indoor deployments. The AP-5131 is available in numerous single and dual-radio SKUs,
while an AP-5181 is available in only a dual-radio SKU. An AP-5181 cannot use the AP-5131’s 48 volt
power supply (Part No. 50-14000-243R) and, therefore, is recommended to use the AP-5181 Power
Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) designed specifically for outdoor deployments. An AP-5181
model access point also must use an RJ-45 to Serial cable to establish a serial connection to a host
computer. Additionally, an AP-5181 model access point cannot downgrade to 1.1.0.x (or earlier)
firmware.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
The access point (AP) provides a bridge between Ethernet wired LANs or WANs and wireless
networks. It provides connectivity between Ethernet wired networks and radio-equipped mobile units
(MUs). MUs include the full line of terminals, adapters (PC cards, Compact Flash cards and PCI
adapters) and other devices.
The access point provides a maximum 54Mbps data transfer rate via each radio. It monitors Ethernet
traffic and forwards appropriate Ethernet messages to MUs over the network. It also monitors MU
radio traffic and forwards MU packets to the Ethernet LAN.
If you are new to using an access point for managing your network, refer to Theory of Operations on
page 1-20 for an overview on wireless networking fundamentals.
1.1 New Features
With this most recent 2.0 release of the access point firmware, the following new features have been
introduced:
• Adaptive AP
• Rogue AP Enhancements
• Bandwidth Management Enhancements
• Radius Time-Based Authentication
• QBSS Support
Legacy users can upgrade their firmware image to version 2.0. to benefit from the new features
described in this section. For information on upgrading the access point’s firmware image, see
Updating Device Firmware on page 4-49.
1.1.1 Adaptive AP
An adaptive AP (AAP) is an AP-51XX access point that can adopt like an AP300 (L3). The management
of an AAP is conducted by a switch, once the access point connects to a Motorola WS5100 or
RFS7000 model switch and receives its AAP configuration.
An AAP provides:
• local 802.11 traffic termination
• local encryption/decryption
• local traffic bridging
• the tunneling of centralized traffic to the wireless switch
Introduction
For a information overview of the adaptive AP feature as well as how to configure it, refer to
Adaptive AP on page 10-1.
1.1.2 Rogue AP Enhancements
With the 2.0 release of the access point firmware, the access point now has the option to scan for
rogues over all channels on both of the access point’s 11a and 11bg radio bands. The switching of
radio bands is based on a timer with no user intervention required.
For information on configuring the access point for Rogue AP support, see Configuring Rogue AP
Detection on page 6-55.
1.1.3 Bandwidth Management Enhancements
Use the Bandwidth Management screen to control the network bandwidth allotted to individual
WLANs. Define a weighted scheme as needed when WLAN traffic supporting a specific network
segment becomes critical. Bandwidth management is configured on a per-WLAN basis. However,
with this latest version 2.0 release, a separate tab has been created for each access point radio. With
this new segregated radio approach, bandwidth management can be configured uniquely for
individual WLANs on different access point radios.
1-3
For information on configuring bandwidth management, see Configuring Bandwidth Management
Settings on page 5-63.
1.1.4 Radius Time-Based Authentication
An external AAA server maintains a users and groups database used by the access point for access
permissions. Various kinds of access policies can be applied to each group. With this latest 2.0
version access point firmware, individual groups can be configured with their own time-based access
policy. Each group’s policy has a user defined interval defining the days and hours access is permitted.
Authentication requests for users belonging to the group are honored only during these defined hourly
intervals.
For more information on defining access point access policies by group, see Defining User Access
Permissions by Group on page 6-76.
1.1.5 QBSS Support
Each access point radio can be configured to optionally allow the access point to communicate
channel usage data to associated devices and define the beacon interval used for channel utilization
transmissions. The QBSS load represents the percentage of time the channel is in use by the access
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
point and the access point’s station count. This information is very helpful in assessing the access
point’s overall load on a channel, its availability for additional device associations and multi media
traffic support.
For information on enabling QBSS and defining the channel utilization transmission interval, see
Configuring the 802.11a or 802.11b/g Radio on page 5-55.
1.2 Feature Overview
The access point has the following features carried forward from previous releases:
• Single or Dual Mode Radio Options
• Separate LAN and WAN Ports
• Multiple Mounting Options
• Antenna Support for 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Radios
• Sixteen Configurable WLANs
• Support for 4 BSSIDs per Radio
• Quality of Service (QoS) Support
• Industry Leading Data Security
• VLAN Support
• Multiple Management Accessibility Options
• Updatable Firmware
• Programmable SNMP v1/v2/v3 Trap Support
• Power-over-Ethernet Support
• MU-MU Transmission Disallow
• Voice Prioritization
• Support for CAM and PSP MUs
• Statistical Displays
• Transmit Power Control
• Advanced Event Logging Capability
• Configuration File Import/Export Functionality
• Default Configuration Restoration
• DHCP Support
Introduction
• Multi-Function LEDs
• Mesh Networking
• Additional LAN Subnet
• On-board Radius Server Authentication
• Hotspot Support
• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
• Manual Date and Time Settings
• Dynamic DNS
• Auto Negotiation
1.2.1 Single or Dual Mode Radio Options
One or two possible configurations are available on the access point depending on which model is
purchased. If the access point is manufactured as a single radio access point, the access point
enables you to configure the single radio for either 802.11a or 802.11b/g. However, an AP-5181 model
access point is only available in a dual-radio model.
If the access point is manufactured as a dual-radio access point, the access point enables you to
configure one radio for 802.11a support, and the other for 802.11b/g support.
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For detailed information, see Setting the WLAN’s Radio Configuration on page 5-51.
1.2.2 Separate LAN and WAN Ports
The access point has one LAN port and one WAN port, each with their own MAC address. The access
point must manage all data traffic over the LAN connection carefully as either a DHCP client, BOOTP
client, DHCP server or using a static IP address. The access point can only use a Power-over-Ethernet
device when connected to the LAN port.
For detailed information on configuring the LAN port, see Configuring the LAN Interface on page 5-1.
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a widely dispersed telecommunications network. In a corporate
environment, the WAN port might connect to a larger corporate network. For a small business, the
WAN port might connect to a DSL or cable modem to access the Internet. Regardless, network
address information must be configured for the ’s intended mode of operation.
For detailed information on configuring the ’s WAN port, see Configuring WAN Settings on page 5-16.
The LAN and WAN port MAC addresses can be located within the LAN and WAN Stats screens.
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For detailed information on locating the access point’s MAC addresses, see Viewing WAN Statistics
on page 7-2 and Viewing LAN Statistics on page 7-6. For information on access point MAC address
assignments, see AP-51xx MAC Address Assignment on page 1-27.
1.2.3 Multiple Mounting Options
The access point rests on a flat surface, attaches to a wall, mounts under a ceiling or above a ceiling
(attic). Choose a mounting option based on the physical environment of the coverage area. Do not
mount the access point in a location that has not been approved in an either an AP-5131 or outdoor
AP-5181 radio coverage site survey.
For detailed information on the mounting options available , see Mounting an AP-5131 on page 2-13
or Mounting an AP-5181 on page 2-24.
1.2.4 Antenna Support for 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Radios
The access point supports several 802.11a and 802.11b/g radio antennas. Select the antenna best
suited to the radio transmission requirements of your coverage area.
For an overview of the Radio 1 (2.4 GHz) and Radio 2 (5.2 GHz) antennas supported on the access
point’s Reverse SMA (RSMA) connectors, see Antenna Specifications on page A-5. The AP-5181
model access point uses an antenna suite primarily suited for outdoor use.
1.2.5 Sixteen Configurable WLANs
A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a data-communications system that flexibly extends the
functionalities of a wired LAN. A WLAN does not require lining up devices for line-of-sight
transmission, and are thus, desirable for wireless networking. Roaming users can be handed off from
one access point to another like a cellular phone system. WLANs can therefore be configured around
the needs of specific groups of users, even when they are not in physical proximity. Sixteen WLANs
are configurable on each access point.
To enable and configure WLANs on an access point radio, see Enabling Wireless LANs (WLANs) on
page 5-27.
1.2.6 Support for 4 BSSIDs per Radio
The access point supports four BSSIDs per radio. Each BSSID has a corresponding MAC address. The
first MAC address corresponds to BSSID #1. The MAC addresses for the other three BSSIDs (BSSIDs
#2, #3, #4) are derived by adding 1, 2, 3, respectively, to the radio MAC address.
Introduction
If the radio MAC address displayed on the Radio Settings screen is 00:A0:F8:72:20:DC, then the
BSSIDs for that radio will have the following MAC addresses:
BSSID MAC Address Hexadecimal Addition
BSSID #1 00:A0:F8:72:20:DC Same as Radio MAC address
BSSID #2 00:A0:F8:72:20:DD Radio MAC address +1
BSSID #3 00:A0:F8:72:20:DE Radio MAC address +2
BSSID #4 00:A0:F8:72:20:DF Radio MAC address +3
For detailed information on strategically mapping BSSIDs to WLANs, see Configuring the 802.11a or
802.11b/g Radio on page 5-55. For information on access point MAC address assignments, see
AP-51xx MAC Address Assignment on page 1-27.
1.2.7 Quality of Service (QoS) Support
The QoS implementation provides applications running on different wireless devices a variety of
priority levels to transmit data to and from the access point. Equal data transmission priority is fine
for data traffic from applications such as Web browsers, file transfers or email, but is inadequate for
multimedia applications.
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Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video streaming and interactive gaming are highly sensitive to
latency increases and throughput reductions. These forms of higher priority data traffic can
significantly benefit from the QoS implementation.The WiFi Multimedia QOS Extensions (WMM)
implementation used by the shortens the time between transmitting higher priority data traffic and
is thus desirable for multimedia applications. In addition, U-APSD (WMM Power Save) is also
supported.
WMM defines four access categories—voice, video, best effort and background—to prioritize traffic
for enhanced multimedia support.
For detailed information on configuring QoS support, see Setting the WLAN Quality of Service (QoS)
Policy on page 5-39.
1.2.8 Industry Leading Data Security
The access point supports numerous encryption and authentication techniques to protect the data
transmitting on the WLAN.
The following authentication techniques are supported:
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• Kerberos Authentication
• EAP Authentication
The following encryption techniques are supported:
• WEP Encryption
• KeyGuard Encryption
• Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Using TKIP Encryption
• WPA2-CCMP (802.11i) Encryption
In addition, the access point supports the following additional security features:
• Firewall Security
• VPN Tunnels
• Content Filtering
For an overview on the encryption and authentication schemes available , refer to Configuring Access
Point Security on page 6-1.
1.2.8.1 Kerberos Authentication
Authentication is a means of verifying information transmitted from a secure source. If information is
authentic, you know who created it and you know it has not been altered in any way since originated.
Authentication entails a network administrator employing a software “supplicant” on their computer
or wireless device.
Authentication is critical for the security of any wireless LAN device. Traditional authentication
methods are not suitable for use in wireless networks where an unauthorized user can monitor
network traffic and intercept passwords. The use of strong authentication methods that do not
disclose passwords is necessary. The access point uses the Kerberos authentication service protocol
(specified in RFC 1510) to authenticate users/clients in a wireless network environment and to
securely distribute the encryption keys used for both encrypting and decrypting.
A basic understanding of RFC 1510 Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5) is helpful in
understanding how Kerberos functions. By default, WLAN devices operate in an open system network
where any wireless device can associate with an AP without authorization. Kerberos requires device
authentication before access to the wired network is permitted.
For detailed information on Kerbeors configurations, see Configuring Kerberos Authentication on
page 6-8.
Introduction
1.2.8.2 EAP Authentication
The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) feature provides access points and their associated
MU’s an additional measure of security for data transmitted over the wireless network. Using EAP,
authentication between devices is achieved through the exchange and verification of certificates.
EAP is a mutual authentication method whereby both the MU and AP are required to prove their
identities. Like Kerberos, the user loses device authentication if the server cannot provide proof of
device identification.
Using EAP, a user requests connection to a WLAN through the access point. The access point then
requests the identity of the user and transmits that identity to an authentication server. The server
prompts the AP for proof of identity (supplied to the by the user) and then transmits the user data
back to the server to complete the authentication process.
An MU is not able to access the network if not authenticated. When configured for EAP support, the
access point displays the MU as an EAP station.
EAP is only supported on mobile devices running Windows XP, Windows 2000 (using Service Pack #4)
and Windows Mobile 2003. Refer to the system administrator for information on configuring a Radius
Server for EAP (802.1x) support.
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For detailed information on EAP configurations, see Configuring 802.1x EAP Authentication on page
6-11.
1.2.8.3 WEP Encryption
All WLAN devices face possible information theft. Theft occurs when an unauthorized user
eavesdrops to obtain information illegally. The absence of a physical connection makes wireless links
particularly vulnerable to this form of theft. Most forms of WLAN security rely on encryption to
various extents. Encryption entails scrambling and coding information, typically with mathematical
formulas called algorithms, before the information is transmitted. An algorithm is a set of instructions
or formula for scrambling the data. A key is the specific code used by the algorithm to encrypt or
decrypt the data. Decryption is the decoding and unscrambling of received encrypted data.
The same device, host computer or front-end processor, usually performs both encryption and
decryption. The transmit or receive direction determines whether the encryption or decryption
function is performed. The device takes plain text, encrypts or scrambles the text typically by
mathematically combining the key with the plain text as instructed by the algorithm, then transmits
the data over the network. At the receiving end, another device takes the encrypted text and decrypts,
or unscrambles, the text revealing the original message. An unauthorized user can know the
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
algorithm, but cannot interpret the encrypted data without the appropriate key. Only the sender and
receiver of the transmitted data know the key.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is an encryption security protocol specified in the IEEE Wireless
Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standard, 802.11b and supported by the AP. WEP encryption is designed to provide a
WLAN with a level of security and privacy comparable to that of a wired LAN. The level of protection
provided by WEP encryption is determined by the encryption key length and algorithm. An encryption
key is a string of case sensitive characters used to encrypt and decrypt data packets transmitted
between a mobile unit (MU) and the access point. An access point and its associated wireless clients
must use the same encryption key (typically 1 through 4) to interoperate.
For detailed information on WEP, see Configuring WEP Encryption on page 6-16.
1.2.8.4 KeyGuard Encryption
Use KeyGuard to shield the master encryption keys from being discovered through hacking. KeyGuard
negotiation takes place between the access point and MU upon association. The access point can
use KeyGuard with Motorola MUs. KeyGuard is only supported on Motorola MUs making it a
Motorola proprietary security mechanism.
For detailed information on KeyGuard configurations, see Configuring KeyGuard Encryption on page
6-18.
1.2.8.5 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Using TKIP Encryption
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a security standard for systems operating with a Wi-Fi wireless
connection. WEP’s lack of user authentication mechanisms is addressed by WPA. Compared to WEP,
WPA provides superior data encryption and user authentication.
WPA addresses the weaknesses of WEP by including:
• a per-packet key mixing function
• a message integrity check
• an extended initialization vector with sequencing rules
• a re-keying mechanism
WPA uses an encryption method called Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP). WPA employs 802.1X
and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP).
For detailed information on WPA using TKIP configurations, see Configuring WPA/WPA2 Using TKIP
on page 6-21.
Introduction
1.2.8.6 WPA2-CCMP (802.11i) Encryption
WPA2 is a newer 802.11i standard that provides even stronger wireless security than Wi-Fi Protected
Access (WPA) and WEP. Counter-mode/CBC-MAC Protocol (CCMP) is the security standard used by
the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES serves the same function TKIP does for WPA-TKIP.
CCMP computes a Message Integrity Check (MIC) using the proven Cipher Block Message
Authentication Code (CBC-MAC) technique. Changing just one bit in a message produces a totally
different result.
WPA2-CCMP is based on the concept of a Robust Security Network (RSN), which defines a hierarchy
of keys with a limited lifetime (similar to TKIP). Like TKIP, the keys the administrator provides are used
to derive other keys. Messages are encrypted using a 128-bit secret key and a 128-bit block of data.
The end result is an encryption scheme as secure as any the provides.
For detailed information on WPA2-CCMP, see Configuring WPA2-CCMP (802.11i) on page 6-24.
1.2.8.7 Firewall Security
A firewall keeps personal data in and hackers out. The firewall prevents suspicious Internet traffic
from proliferating the access point managed network. The access point performs network address
translation (NAT) on packets passing to and from the WAN port. This combination provides enhanced
security by monitoring communication with the wired network.
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For detailed information on configuring the access point’s firewall, see Configuring Firewall Settings
on page 6-27.
1.2.8.8 VPN Tunnels
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are IP-based networks using encryption and tunneling providing
users remote access to a secure LAN. In essence, the trust relationship is extended from one LAN
across the public network to another LAN, without sacrificing security. A VPN behaves like a private
network; however, because the data travels through the public network, it needs several layers of
security. The can function as a robust VPN gateway.
For detailed information on configuring VPN security support, see Configuring VPN Tunnels on page
6-36.
1.2.8.9 Content Filtering
Content filtering allows system administrators to block specific commands and URL extensions from
going out through the WAN port. Therefore, content filtering affords system administrators selective
control on the content proliferating the network and is a powerful screening tool. Content filtering
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
allows the blocking of up to 10 files or URL extensions and allows blocking of specific outbound HTTP,
SMTP, and FTP requests.
For detailed information on configuring content filtering support, see Configuring Content Filtering
Settings on page 6-52.
1.2.9 VLAN Support
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) can electronically separate data on the same AP from a single
broadcast domain into separate broadcast domains. By using a VLAN, you can group by logical
function instead of physical location. There are 16 VLANs supported on the access point. An
administrator can map up to 16 WLANs to 16 VLANs and enable or disable dynamic VLAN
assignment. In addition to these 16 VLANs, the access point supports dynamic, user-based, VLANs
when using EAP authentication.
VLANs enable organizations to share network resources in various network segments within large
areas (airports, shopping malls, etc.). A VLAN is a group of clients with a common set of requirements
independent of their physical location. VLANs have the same attributes as physical LANs, but they
enable administrators to group clients even when they are not members of the same network
segment.
For detailed information on configuring VLAN support, see Configuring VLAN Support on page 5-5.
1.2.10 Multiple Management Accessibility Options
The access point can be accessed and configured using one of the following methods:
• Java-Based Web UI
• Human readable config file (imported via FTP or TFTP)
• MIB (Management Information Base)
• Command Line Interface (CLI) accessed via RS-232 or Telnet. Use the access point’s DB-9
serial port for direct access to the command-line interface from a PC. Use a Null-Modem
cable (Part No. 25-632878-0) for the best fitting connection.
1.2.11 Updatable Firmware
Motorola periodically releases updated versions of device firmware to the Motorola Web site. If the
firmware version displayed on the System Settings page (see Configuring System Settings on page
4-2) is older than the version on the Web site, Motorola recommends updating the access point to
Introduction
the latest firmware version for full feature functionality. An AP-5181 model access point does not
support firmware earlier than 1.1.1.0.
For detailed information on updating the firmware using FTP or TFTP, see Updating Device Firmware
on page 4-49.
1.2.12 Programmable SNMP v1/v2/v3 Trap Support
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) facilitates the exchange of management information
between network devices. SNMP uses Management Information Bases (MIBs) to manage the device
configuration and monitor Internet devices in remote locations. MIB information accessed via SNMP
is defined by a set of managed objects called object identifiers (OIDs). An object identifier (OID) is
used to uniquely identify each object variable of a MIB.
SNMP allows a network administrator to configure the access point, manage network performance,
find and solve network problems, and plan for network growth. The access point supports SNMP
management functions for gathering information from its network components. The access point’s
download site contains the following 2 MIB files:
• Symbol-CC-WS2000-MIB-2.0 (standard MIB file)
• Symbol-AP-5131-MIB (both the AP-5131 and AP-5181 use the same MIB, there is no specific
MIB for an AP-5181)
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The access point’s SNMP agent functions as a command responder and is a multilingual agent
responding to SNMPv1, v2c and v3 managers (command generators). The factory default
configuration maintains SNMPv1/2c support of community names, thus providing backward
compatibility.
For detailed information on configuring SNMP traps, see Configuring SNMP Settings on page 4-23.
1.2.13 Power-over-Ethernet Support
When users purchase a Motorola WLAN solution, they often need to place access points in obscure
locations. In the past, a dedicated power source was required for each access point in addition to the
Ethernet infrastructure. This often required an electrical contractor to install power drops at each
access point location.
An approved power injector solution merges power and Ethernet into one cable, reducing the burden
of installation and allows optimal access point placement in respect to the intended radio coverage
area. An AP-5131 or AP-5181 can only use a Power-over-Ethernet device when connected to the LAN
port.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
The Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-T-1P-AF) is a single-port, 802.3af compliant Power over
Ethernet hub combining low-voltage DC with Ethernet data in a single cable connecting to the access
point. The Power Injector’s single DC and Ethernet data cable creates a modified Ethernet cabling
environment on the access point’s LAN port eliminating the need for separate Ethernet and power
cables. For detailed information on using the Power Injector, see Power Injector and Power Tap
Systems on page 2-10.
The Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) is also a single-port, 802.3af compliant Power over
Ethernet hub combining low-voltage DC with Ethernet data in a single cable connecting to the access
point. However, the Power Tap is designed and ruggedized for use with an AP-5181’s outdoor
deployment. For detailed information on using the Power Tap, see Power Injector and Power Tap
Systems on page 2-10.
1.2.14 MU-MU Transmission Disallow
The access point’s MU-MU Disallow feature prohibits MUs from communicating with each other even
if they are on different WLANs, assuming one of the WLAN’s is configured to disallow MU-MU
communication. Therefore, if an MU’s WLAN is configured for MU-MU disallow, it will not be able to
communicate with any other MUs connected to this access point.
For detailed information on configuring an WLAN to disallow MU to MU communications, see
Creating/Editing Individual WLANs on page 5-30.
1.2.15 Voice Prioritization
Each access point WLAN has the capability of having its QoS policy configured to prioritize the
network traffic requirements for associated MUs. A WLAN QoS page is available for each enabled
WLAN on either the 802.11a or 802.11b/g radio.
Use the QoS page to enable voice prioritization for devices to receive the transmission priority they
may not normally receive over other data traffic. Voice prioritization allows the access point to assign
priority to voice traffic over data traffic, and (if necessary) assign legacy voice supported devices (non
WMM supported voice devices) additional priority.
For detailed information on configuring voice prioritization over other voice enabled devices, see
Setting the WLAN Quality of Service (QoS) Policy on page 5-39.
Introduction
1.2.16 Support for CAM and PSP MUs
The access point supports both CAM and PSP powered MUs. CAM (Continuously Aware Mode) MUs
leave their radios on continuously to hear every beacon and message transmitted. These systems
operate without any adjustments by the access point.
A beacon is a uniframe system packet broadcast by the AP to keep the network synchronized. A
beacon includes the ESSID, MAC address, Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, a DTIM
(Delivery Traffic Indication Message) and the TIM (Traffic Indication Map).
PSP (Power Save Polling) MUs power off their radios for short periods. When a MU in PSP mode
associates with an access point, it notifies the access point of its activity status. The access point
responds by buffering packets received for the MU. PSP mode is used to extend an MU’s battery life
by enabling the MU to “sleep” during periods of inactivity.
1.2.17 Statistical Displays
The access point can display robust transmit and receive statistics for the WAN and LAN ports.
WLAN stats can be displayed collectively and individually for enabled WLANs. Transmit and receive
statistics are available for the access point’s 802.11a and 802.11b/g radios. An advanced radio
statistics page is also available to display retry histograms for specific data packet retry information.
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Associated MU stats can be displayed collectively and individually for specific MUs. An echo (ping)
test is also available to ping specific MUs to assess association strength. Finally, the access point
can detect and display the properties of other APs detected within the access point’s radio coverage
area. The type of AP detected can be displayed as well as the properties of individual APs.
For detailed information on available access point statistical displays and the values they represent,
see Monitoring Statistics on page 7-1.
1.2.18 Transmit Power Control
The access point has a configurable power level for each radio. This enables the network
administrator to define the antenna’s transmission power level in respect to the access point’s
placement or network requirements as defined in the site survey.
For detailed information on setting the radio transmit power level, see Configuring the 802.11a or
802.11b/g Radio on page 5-55.
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1.2.19 Advanced Event Logging Capability
The access point provides the capability for periodically logging system events. Logging events is
useful in assessing the throughput and performance of the access point or troubleshooting problems
on the access point managed Local Area Network (LAN).
For detailed information on access point events, see Logging Configuration on page 4-42.
1.2.20 Configuration File Import/Export Functionality
Configuration settings for an access point can be downloaded from the current configuration of
another access point. This affords the administrator the opportunity to save the current configuration
before making significant changes or restoring the default configuration.
For detailed information on importing or exporting configuration files, see Importing/Exporting
Configurations on page 4-44.
1.2.21 Default Configuration Restoration
The access point has the ability to restore its default configuration or a partial default configuration
(with the exception of current WAN and SNMP settings). Restoring the default configuration is a good
way to create new WLANs if the MUs the access point supports have been moved to different radio
coverage areas.
For detailed information on restoring a default or partial default configuration, see Configuring
System Settings on page 4-2.
1.2.22 DHCP Support
The access point can use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to obtain a leased IP address
and configuration information from a remote server. DHCP is based on the BOOTP protocol and can
coexist or interoperate with BOOTP. Configure the access point to send out a DHCP request searching
for a DHCP/BOOTP server to acquire HTML, firmware or network configuration files when the access
point boots. Because BOOTP and DHCP interoperate, whichever responds first becomes the server
that allocates information.
The access point can be set to only accept replies from DHCP or BOOTP servers or both (this is the
default setting). Disabling DHCP disables BOOTP and DHCP and requires network settings to be set
manually. If running both DHCP and BOOTP, do not select BOOTP Only. BOOTP should only be used
when the server is running BOOTP exclusively.
Introduction
The DHCP client automatically sends a DHCP request at an interval specified by the DHCP server to
renew the IP address lease as long as the access point is running (this parameter is programmed at
the DHCP server). For example: Windows 2000 servers typically are set for 3 days.
1.2.23 Multi-Function LEDs
Both AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access points house seven LED indicators. Four LEDs exist on the
top of the and are visible from wall, ceiling and table-top orientations. Three of these four LEDs are
single color activity LEDs, and one is a multi-function red and white status LED. Two LEDs exist on
the rear of the access point and are viewable using a single (customer installed) extended light pipe,
adjusted as required to suit above the ceiling installations.
For detailed information on the access point LEDs and their functionality, see AP-5131 LED Indicators
on page 2-23 or AP-5181 LED Indicators on page 2-29.
1.2.24 Mesh Networking
Utilize the new mesh networking functionality to allow the access point to function as a bridge to
connect two Ethernet networks or as a repeater to extend your network’s coverage area without
additional cabling. Mesh networking is configurable in two modes. It can be set in a wireless client
bridge mode and/or a wireless base bridge mode (which accepts connections from client bridges).
These two modes are not mutually exclusive.
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In client bridge mode, the access point scans to find other access points using the selected WLAN’s
ESSID. The access point must go through the association and authentication process to establish a
wireless connection. The mesh networking association process is identical to the access point’s MU
association process. Once the association/authentication process is complete, the wireless client
adds the connection as a port on its bridge module. This causes the access point (in client bridge
mode) to begin forwarding configuration packets to the base bridge. An access point in base bridge
mode allows the access point radio to accept client bridge connections.
The two bridges communicate using the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). The spanning tree determines
the path to the root and detects if the current connection is part of a network loop with another
connection. Once the spanning tree converges, both access points begin learning which destinations
reside on which side of the network. This allows them to forward traffic intelligently.
After the access point (in client bridge mode) establishes at least one wireless connection, it will
begin beaconing and accepting wireless connections (if configured to support mobile users). If the
access point is configured as both a client bridge and a base bridge, it begins accepting client bridge
connections. In this way, the mesh network builds itself over time and distance.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Once the access point (in client bridge mode) establishes at least one wireless connection, it
establishes other wireless connections in the background as they become available. In this way, the
access point can establish simultaneous redundant links. An access point (in client bridge mode) can
establish up to 3 simultaneous wireless connections with other AP-5131s or AP-5181s. A client bridge
always initiates the connections and the base bridge is always the acceptor of the mesh network data
proliferating the network.
Since each access point can establish up to 3 simultaneous wireless connections, some of these
connections may be redundant. In that case, the STP algorithm determines which links are the
redundant links and disables the links from forwarding.
For an overview on mesh networking as well as details on configuring the access point’s mesh
networking functionality, see Configuring Mesh Networking on page 9-1.
1.2.25 Additional LAN Subnet
In a typical retail or small office environment (wherein a wireless network is available along with a
production WLAN) it is frequently necessary to segment a LAN into two subnets. Consequently, a
second LAN is necessary to “segregate” wireless traffic.
The access point now has a second LAN subnet enabling administrators to segment the access
point’s LAN connection into two separate networks. The main access point LAN screen now allows
the user to select either LAN1 or LAN2 as the active LAN over the access point’s Ethernet port. Both
LANs can still be active at any given time, but only one can transmit over the access point’s physical
LAN connection. Each LAN has a separate configuration screen (called LAN 1 and LAN 2 by default)
accessible under the main LAN screen. The user can rename each LAN as necessary. Additionally,
each LAN can have its own Ethernet Type Filter configuration, and subnet access (HTTP, SSH, SNMP
and telnet) configuration.
For detailed information on configuring the access point for additional LAN subnet support, see
Configuring the LAN Interface on page 5-1.
1.2.26 On-board Radius Server Authentication
The access point has the ability to work as a Radius Server to provide user database information and
user authentication. Several new screens have been added to the access point’s menu tree to
configure Radius server authentication and configure the local user database and access policies. A
new Radius Server screen allows an administrator to define the data source, authentication type and
associate digital certificates with the authentication scheme. The LDAP screen allows the
administrator to configure an external LDAP Server for use with the access point. A new Access Policy
Introduction
screen enables the administrator to set WLAN access based on user groups defined within the User
Database screen. Each user is authorized based on the access policies applicable to that user. Access
policies allow an administrator to control access to a user groups based on the WLAN configurations.
For detailed information on configuring the access point for AAA Radius Server support, see
Configuring User Authentication on page 6-64.
1.2.27 Hotspot Support
The access point allows hotspot operators to provide user authentication and accounting without a
special client application. The access point uses a traditional Internet browser as a secure
authentication device. Rather than rely on built-in 802.11security features to control access point
association privileges, you can configure a WLAN with no WEP (an open network). The access point
issues an IP address to the user using a DHCP server, authenticates the user and grants the user to
access the Internet.
If a tourist visits a public hotspot and wants to browse a Web page, they boot their laptop and
associate with a local Wi-Fi network by entering a valid SSID. They start a browser, and the hotspot’s
access controller forces the un-authenticated user to a Welcome page (from the hotspot operator)
that allows the user to login with a username and password. In order to send a redirected page (a
login page), a TCP termination exists locally on the access point. Once the login page displays, the
user enters their credentials. The access point connects to the Radius server and determines the
identity of the connected wireless user. Thus, allowing the user to access the Internet once
successfully authenticated.
1-19
For detailed information on configuring the access point for Hotspot support, see Configuring WLAN
Hotspot Support on page 5-45.
1.2.28 Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
RIP is an interior gateway protocol that specifies how routers exchange routing-table information.
The parent Router screen also allows the administrator to select the type of RIP and the type of RIP
authentication used.
For detailed information on configuring RIP functionality as part of the access point’s Router
functionality, see Setting the RIP Configuration on page 5-67.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
1.2.29 Manual Date and Time Settings
As an alternative to defining a NTP server to provide access point system time, the access point can
now have its date and time set manually. A new Manual Date/Time Setting screen can be used to set
the time using a Year-Month-Day HH:MM:SS format.
For detailed information on manually setting the access point’s system time, see Configuring Network
Time Protocol (NTP) on page 4-39.
1.2.30 Dynamic DNS
The access point supports the Dynamic DNS service. Dynamic DNS (or DynDNS) is a feature offered
by www.dyndns.com which allows the mapping of domain names to dynamically assigned IP
addresses. When the dynamically assigned IP address of a client changes, the new IP address is sent
to the DynDNS service and traffic for the specified domain(s) is routed to the new IP address. For
information on configuring the Dynamic DNS feature, see Configuring Dynamic DNS on page 5-25.
1.2.31 Auto Negotiation
Auto negotiation enables the access point to automatically exchange information (over either its LAN
or WAN port) about data transmission speed and duplex capabilities. Auto negotiation is helpful
when using the access point in an environment where different devices are connected and
disconnected on a regular basis. For information on configuring the auto negotiation feature, see
Configuring the LAN Interface on page 5-1 or Configuring WAN Settings on page 5-16
1.3 Theory of Operations
To understand access point management and performance alternatives, users need familiarity with
functionality and configuration options. The access point includes features for different interface
connections and network management.
The access point uses electromagnetic waves to transmit and receive electric signals without wires.
Users communicate with the network by establishing radio links between mobile units (MUs) and
access points.
The access point uses DSSS (direct sequence spread spectrum) to transmit digital data from one
device to another. A radio signal begins with a carrier signal that provides the base or center
frequency. The digital data signal is encoded onto the carriers using a DSSS chipping algorithm. The
radio signal propagates into the air as electromagnetic waves. A receiving antenna (on the MU) in
the path of the waves absorbs the waves as electrical signals. The receiving MU interprets
Introduction
(demodulates) the signal by reapplying the direct sequence chipping code. This demodulation results
in the original digital data.
The access point uses its environment (the air and certain objects) as the transmission medium.The
access point can either transmit in the 2.4 to 2.5-GHz frequency range (802.11b/g radio) or the 5.2
GHz frequency range (802.11a radio), the actual range is country-dependent. Motorola devices, like
other Ethernet devices, have unique, hardware encoded Media Access Control (MAC) or IEEE
addresses. MAC addresses determine the device sending or receiving data. A MAC address is a 48bit number written as six hexadecimal bytes separated by colons. For example: 00:A0:F8:24:9A:C8
Also see the following sections:
• Cellular Coverage
• MAC Layer Bridging
• Content Filtering
• DHCP Support
• Media Types
• Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum
• MU Association Process
• Operating Modes
• Management Access Options
• AP-51xx MAC Address Assignment
1-21
1.3.1 Cellular Coverage
An access point establishes an average communication range with MUs called a Basic Service Set
(BSS) or cell. When in a particular cell, the MU associates and communicates with the access point
supporting the radio coverage area of that cell. Adding ’s to a single LAN establishes more cells to
extend the range of the network. Configuring the same ESSID (Extended Service Set Identifier) on all
access points makes them part of the same Wireless LAN.
Access points with the same ESSID define a coverage area. A valid ESSID is an alphanumeric, casesensitive identifier up to 32 characters. An MU searches for an access point with a matching ESSID
and synchronizes (associates) to establish communications. This device association allows MUs
within the coverage area to move about or roam. As the MU roams from cell to cell, it associates with
a different access point. The roam occurs when the MU analyzes the reception quality at a location
and determines a different provides better signal strength and lower MU load distribution.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
If the MU does not find an access point with a workable signal, it can perform a scan to find any AP.
As MUs switch APs, the AP updates its association statistics.
The user can configure the ESSID to correspond to up to 16 WLANs on each 802.11a or 802.11b/g
radio. A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a data-communications system that flexibly extends
the functionalities of a wired LAN. A WLAN does not require lining up devices for line-of-sight
transmission, and are thus, desirable. Within the WLAN, roaming users can be handed off from one
access point to another like a cellular phone system. WLANs can therefore be configured around the
needs of specific groups of users, even when they are not in physical proximity.
1.3.2 MAC Layer Bridging
The access point provides MAC layer bridging between its interfaces. The access point monitors
traffic from its interfaces and, based on frame address, forwards the frames to the proper destination.
The access point tracks source and destination addresses to provide intelligent bridging as MUs roam
or network topologies change. The access point also handles broadcast and multicast messages and
responds to MU association requests.
The access point listens to all packets on its LAN and WAN interfaces and builds an address database
using MAC addresses. An address in the database includes the interface media that the device uses
to associate with the access point. The access point uses the database to forward packets from one
interface to another. The bridge forwards packets addressed to unknown systems to the Default
Interface (Ethernet).
The access point internal stack interface handles all messages directed to the access point. Each
stores information on destinations and their interfaces to facilitate forwarding. When a user sends
an ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) request packet, the access point forwards it over all enabled
interfaces except over the interface the ARP request packet was received.
On receiving the ARP response packet, the access point database keeps a record of the destination
address along with the receiving interface. With this information, the access point forwards any
directed packet to the correct destination. Transmitted ARP request packets echo back to other MUs.
The access point removes from its database the destination or interface information that is not used
for a specified time. The AP refreshes its database when it transmits or receives data from these
destinations and interfaces.
1.3.3 Media Types
The access point radio interface conforms to IEEE 802.11a/b/g specifications. The interface operates
at a maximum 54Mbps (802.11a radio) using direct-sequence radio technology. The access point
Introduction
supports multiple-cell operations with fast roaming between cells. Within a direct-sequence system,
each cell can operates independently. Adding cells to the network provides an increased coverage
area and total system capacity.
The RS-232 serial port provides a Command Line Interface (CLI) connection. The serial link supports
a direct serial connection. The access point is a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) device with male pin
connectors for the RS-232 port. Connecting the access point to a PC requires a null modem serial
cable.
1.3.4 Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum
Spread spectrum (broadband) uses a narrowband signal to spread the transmission over a segment
of the radio frequency band or spectrum. Direct-sequence is a spread spectrum technique where the
transmitted signal is spread over a particular frequency range. The access point uses Direct-
Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) for radio communication.
Direct-sequence systems communicate by continuously transmitting a redundant pattern of bits
called a chipping sequence. Each bit of transmitted data is mapped into chips by the access point and
rearranged into a pseudorandom spreading code to form the chipping sequence. The chipping
sequence is combined with a transmitted data stream to produce the output signal.
1-23
MUs receiving a direct-sequence transmission use the spreading code to map the chips within the
chipping sequence back into bits to recreate the original data transmitted by the access point.
Intercepting and decoding a direct-sequence transmission requires a predefined algorithm to
associate the spreading code used by the transmitting access point to the receiving MU. This
algorithm is established by IEEE 802.11b specifications. The bit redundancy within the chipping
sequence enables the receiving MU to recreate the original data pattern, even if bits in the chipping
sequence are corrupted by interference.
The ratio of chips per bit is called the spreading ratio. A high spreading ratio increases the resistance
of the signal to interference. A low spreading ratio increases the bandwidth available to the user. The
access point uses different modulation schemes to encode more bits per chip at higher data rates.
The access point is capable of a maximum 54Mbps data transmission rate (802.11a radio), but the
coverage area is less than that of an access point operating at lower data rates since coverage area
decreases as bandwidth increases.
1.3.5 MU Association Process
An access point recognizes MUs as they begin the association process. An access point keeps a list
of the MUs it services. MUs associate with an access point based on the following conditions:
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
• Signal strength between the and MU
• Number of MUs currently associated with the access point
• MUs encryption and authentication capabilities
• MUs supported data rate
MUs perform pre-emptive roaming by intermittently scanning for ’s and associating with the best
available access point. Before roaming and associating, MUs perform full or partial scans to collect
statistics and determine the direct-sequence channel used by the access point.
Scanning is a periodic process where the MU sends out probe messages on all channels defined by
the country code. The statistics enable an MU to reassociate by synchronizing its channel to the
access point. The MU continues communicating with that until it needs to switch cells or roam.
MUs perform partial scans at programmed intervals, when missing expected beacons or after
excessive transmission retries. In a partial scan, the MU scans ’s classified as proximate on the
access point table. For each channel, the MU tests for Clear Channel Assessment (CCA). The MU
broadcasts a probe with the ESSID and broadcast BSS_ID when the channel is transmission-free. It
sends an ACK to a directed probe response from the and updates the table.
An MU can roam within a coverage area by switching access points. Roaming occurs when:
• Unassociated MU attempts to associate or reassociate with an available access point
• Supported rate changes or the MU finds a better transmit rate with another access point
• RSSI (received signal strength indicator) of a potential access point exceeds the current
access point
• Ratio of good-transmitted packets to attempted-transmitted packets falls below a threshold.
An MU selects the best available access point and adjusts itself to the access point direct-sequence
channel to begin association. Once associated, the access point begins forwarding frames addressed
to the target MU. Each frame contains fields for the current direct-sequence channel. The MU uses
these fields to resynchronize to the access point.
The scanning and association process continues for active MUs. This process allows the MUs to find
new access point’s and discard out-of-range or deactivated access point’s. By testing the airwaves,
the MUs can choose the best network connection available.
1.3.6 Operating Modes
The access point can operate in a couple of configurations.
Introduction
• Access Point - As an Access Point, the access point functions as a layer 2 bridge. The wired
uplink can operate as a trunk and support multiple VLANs. Up to 16 WLANs can be defined
and mapped to WLANs. Each WLAN can be configured to be broadcast by one or both
radios (unlike the AP-4131 model access point). An AP-5131 or AP-5181 can operate in both
an Access Point mode and Wireless Gateway/Router mode simultaneously. The network
architecture and access point configuration define how the Access Point and Wireless
Gateway/Router mode are negotiated.
• Wireless Gateway/Router - If operating as a Wireless Gateway/Router, the access point
functions as a router between two layer 2 networks: the WAN uplink (the ethernet port) and
the Wireless side. The following options are available providing a solution for single-cell
deployment:
• PPPoE - The WAN interface can terminate a PPPoE connection, thus enabling the access
point to operate in conjunction with a DSL or Cable modem to provide WAN connectivity.
• NAT - (Network Address Translation) on the Wireless interface. Using NAT, the router is
able to manage a private IP scheme. NAT allows translation of private addresses to the
WAN IP address.
• DHCP - On the Wireless side, the can assign private IP addresses.
• Firewall - In between the WAN and Wireless interfaces, a Firewall protects against a
number of known attacks.
1-25
1.3.7 Management Access Options
Managing the access point includes viewing network statistics and setting configuration options.
Statistics track the network activity of associated MUs and data transfers on the AP interfaces.
The access point requires one of the following connection methods to perform a custom installation
and manage the network:
• Secure Java-Based WEB UI - (use Sun Microsystems’ JRE 1.5 or higher available from Sun’s
Web site and be sure to disable Microsoft’s Java Virtual Machine if installed)
• Command Line Interface (CLI) via Serial, Telnet and SSH
• Config file - Human-readable; Importable/Exportable via FTP and TFTP
• MIB (Management Information Base) accessing the access point SNMP function using a
MIB Browser. The AP-5131 or AP-5181 downloads site contains the following 2 MIB files:
• Symbol-CC-WS2000-MIB-2.0 (standard MIB file)
• Symbol-AP-5131-MIB (AP-5131/AP-5181 MIB file)
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Make configuration changes to access point’s individually. Optionally, use the access point
import/export configuration function to download settings to other access points.
For detailed information, see Importing/Exporting Configurations on page 4-44.
Introduction
1.3.8 AP-51xx MAC Address Assignment
For both an AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access point, MAC address assignments are as follows:
• WAN - The access point MAC address can be found underneath the access point chassis.
• LAN1 - WAN MAC address + 1.
• LAN2 - A virtual LAN not mapped to the LAN Ethernet port. This address is the lowest of the
two radio MAC addresses.
• Radio1 (802.11bg) - Random address located on the Web UI, CLI and SNMP interfaces.
• Radio2 (802.11a) - Random address located on the Web UI, CLI and SNMP interfaces.
The access point’s BSS (virtual AP) MAC addresses are calculated as follows:
• BSS1 - The same as the corresponding base radio’s MAC address.
• BSS2 - Base radio MAC address +1
• BSS3 - Base radio MAC address +2
• BSS4 - Base radio MAC address +3
1-27
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Hardware Installation
An access point installation includes mounting the access point, connecting the access point to the
network (LAN or WAN port connection), connecting antennae and applying power. Installation
procedures vary for different environments. See the following sections for more details:
• Precautions
• Requirements
• Access Point Placement
• Power Options
• Power Injector and Power Tap Systems
• Mounting an AP-5131
• AP-5131 LED Indicators
• Mounting an AP-5181
• AP-5181 LED Indicators
• Setting Up MUs
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
CAUTION Motorola recommends conducting a radio site survey prior to
!
installing an access point. A site survey is an excellent method of
documenting areas of radio interference and providing a tool for
device placement.
2.1 Precautions
Before installing an AP-5131 or AP-5181 model access point verify the following:
• Do not install in wet or dusty areas without additional protection. Contact a Motorola
representative for more information.
• Verify the environment has a continuous temperature range between -20° C to 50° C.
2.2 Available Product Configurations
2.2.1 AP-5131 Configurations
An AP-5131 can be ordered in the following access point and accessory combinations:
Part No. Description
AP-5131-13040-WW AP-5131 802.11a+g Dual Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-13041-WWR AP-5131 802.11a+g Dual Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-13042-WW AP-5131 802.11a+g Dual Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
(4) Dual-Band Antennae (Part No. ML-2452-APA2-01)
Accessories Bag
Part No. Description
AP-5131-13043-WWR AP-5131 802.11a+g Dual Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
(4) Dual-Band Antennae (Part No. ML-2452-APA2-01)
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-40020-WW AP-5131 802.11a/g Single Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-40021-WWR AP-5131 802.11a/g Single Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-40022-WW AP-5131 802.11a/g Single Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
(2) Dual-Band Antennae (Part No. ML-2452-APA2-01)
Accessories Bag
Hardware Installation
2-3
AP-5131-40023-WWR AP-5131 802.11a/g Single Radio Access Point
AP-5131 Install Guide
Software and Documentation CD-ROM
Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
(2) Dual-Band Antennae (Part No. ML-2452-APA2-01)
Accessories Bag
AP-5131-13040-D-WR Dependent AP-5131 Dual Radio (Switch Required)
AP-5131-40020-D-WR Dependent AP-5131 Single Radio (Switch Required)
Verify the model indicated on the bottom of the AP-5131 is correct. Contact the Support Center to
report missing or improperly functioning items.
The Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR) is included in certain orderable configurations, but
can be added to any configuration. For more information on the Power Injector, see Power Injector
and Power Tap Systems on page 2-10.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
NOTE A standard 48 Volt Power Adapter (Part No. 50-14000-243R) is
recommended with AP-5131 product SKUs that do not include the Power
Injector.
For an overview on the optional antennae for the AP-5131, see Antenna Options on page 2-6. For
detailed specifications on the 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz antenna suite, see 2.4 GHz Antenna Matrix on
page A-5 and 5.2 GHz Antenna Matrix on page A-6.
CAUTION Using an antenna other than the Dual-Band Antenna (Part No.
!
ML-2452-APA2-01) could render the AP-5131’s Rogue AP Detector
Mode feature inoperable. Contact your sales associate for specific
information.
2.2.2 AP-5181 Configurations
Unlike the AP-5131, an AP-5181 is only available in a dual-radio configuration. There is one
mechanical version of the AP-5181 providing one SKU option (with both 802.11a and 802.11g radios
in the access point). The following is the AP-5181 orderable SKU:
Part No. Description
AP-5181-13040-WWR 1 AP-5181 802.11a+g Dual Radio Access Point
1 AP-5181 Install Guide
1 WEEE Regulatory Addendum
1 set of cable connectors
3 antenna dust cover
2 connector cover AP67 jack, plus chain_LTW-M9/14-SB
NOTE To mount the AP-5181 access point to a pole (1.5 - 18 inches in diameter)
an AP-5181 Mounting Kit (Part No. KT-5181-WP-01R) can be separately
ordered. This kit contains the brackets and accessories required to mount
the AP-5181 to a pole or wall.
NOTE If installing the AP-5181 in an outdoor area prone to high winds and rain,
Motorola recommends using the AP-5181 Heavy Weather Kit (Part No.
KT-5181-HW-01R). This kit shields an AP-5181 from wind and rain
damage resulting from driving rain.
Hardware Installation
NOTE Though the AP-5181 can use the standard Power Injector solution (Part
No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR), Motorola recommends using the AP-5181
Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R), designed specifically for
outdoor deployments.
2.3 Requirements
The minimum installation requirements for a single-cell, peer-to-peer network (regardless of access
point model)
• An AP-5131 (either a dual or single radio model) or AP-5181 model access point
• 48 Volt Power Supply Part No. 50-14000-243R (AP-5131 models only) or Power Injector
(Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR or AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R)
• A power outlet
• Dual-Band Antennae
NOTE An AP-5131 or AP-5181 model access point optimally uses 2 antennae for
.
the single-radio model and 4 antenna for the dual-radio model. The
AP-5181 uses an antenna suite designed primarily for outdoor usage. For
more information, see Antenna Specifications on page A-5.
2-5
2.4 Access Point Placement
For optimal performance, install the access point (regardless of model) away from transformers,
heavy-duty motors, fluorescent lights, microwave ovens, refrigerators and other industrial equipment.
Signal loss can occur when metal, concrete, walls or floors block transmission. Install the access
point in open areas or add access points as needed to improve coverage.
Antenna coverage is analogous to lighting. Users might find an area lit from far away to be not bright
enough. An area lit sharply might minimize coverage and create dark areas. Uniform antenna
placement in an area (like even placement of a light bulb) provides even, efficient coverage.
Place the access point using the following guidelines:
• Install the access point at an ideal height of 10 feet from the ground.
• Orient the access point antennae vertically for best reception.
• Point the access point antenna(s) downward if attaching to the ceiling.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
To maximize the access point’s radio coverage area, Motorola recommends conducting a site survey
to define and document radio interference obstacles before installing the access point.
2.4.1 Site Surveys
A site survey analyzes the installation environment and provides users with recommendations for
equipment and placement. The optimum placement of 802.11a access points differs from 802.11b/g
access points, because the locations and number of access points required are different to support
the radio coverage area.
Motorola recommends conducting a new site survey and developing a new coverage area floor plan
when switching from 2 or 11Mbps access points (AP-3021 or AP-4131 models) to 54Mbps access
points (AP-5131 and AP-5181 models), as the device placement requirements are significantly
different.
2.4.2 Antenna Options
2.4.2.1 AP-5131 Antenna Options
Both Radio 1 and Radio 2 require one antenna and can optimally use two antennae per radio (4
antennae total for dual-radio models). Two antennae per radio provides diversity that can improve
performance and signal reception. Motorola supports two antenna suites for the AP-5131. One
antenna suite supporting the 2.4 GHz band and another antenna suite supporting the 5.2 GHz band.
Select an antenna model best suited to the intended operational environment of your AP-5131.
NOTE On a single-radio AP-5131, Radio 1 can be configured to be either a 2.4
GHz or 5.2 GHz radio. On a dual-radio model, Radio 1 refers to the AP5131’s 2.4 GHz radio and Radio 2 refers to the AP-5131 5.2 GHz radio.
However, there could be some cases where a dual-radio AP-5131 is
performing a Rogue AP detector function. In this scenario, the AP-5131 is
receiving in either 2.4 GHz or 5.2 GHz over the Radio 1 or Radio 2
antennae depending on which radio is selected for the scan.
Antenna connectors for Radio 1 are located in a different location from the Radio 2 antenna
connectors. On single radio versions, the R-SMA connectors can support both bands and should be
connected to a R-SMA dual-band antenna or an appropriate single band antenna. If necessary a
R-SMA to R-BNC adapter (Part No. 25-72178-01) can be purchased separately.
The AP-5131 2.4 GHz antenna suite includes the following models:
Part No. Antenna Type Nominal Net Gain (dBi)
ML-2499-11PNA2-01R Wide Angle Directional 8.5
ML-2499-HPA3-01R Omni-Directional Antenna 3.3
ML-2499-BYGA2-01R Yagi Antenna 13.9
ML-2452-APA2-01 Dual-Band 3.0
NOTE An additional adapter is required to use ML-2499-11PNA2-01 and
ML-2499-BYGA2-01 model antennae. Please contact Motorola for more
information.
Hardware Installation
2-7
The AP-5131 5.2 GHz antenna suite includes the following models:
Part No. Antenna Type Nominal Net Gain (dBi)
ML-5299-WPNA1-01R Panel Antenna 13.0
ML-5299-HPA1-01R Wide-Band Omni-Directional
Antenna
ML-2452-APA2-0 Dual-Band 4.0
5.0
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
For detailed specifications on the 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz antennae mentioned in this section, see
section 2.4 GHz Antenna Matrix on page A-5 and section 5.2 GHz Antenna Matrix on page A-6.
2.4.2.2 AP-5181 Antenna Options
Both Radio 1 and Radio 2 require one antenna and can optimally use two antennae per radio (4
antennae total). Antenna connectors for Radio 1 are located in a different location from the Radio 2
antenna connectors. Two antennae per radio provides diversity that can improve performance and
signal reception. Motorola supports two antenna suites for the AP-5181. One antenna suite
supporting the 2.4 GHz band and another antenna suite supporting the 5.2 GHz band. Select an
antenna model best suited to the intended operational environment of your AP-5181.
Refer to the following for the antenna options available to an AP-5181 model access point:
The AP-5181 2.4 GHz antenna suite includes the following models:
Nominal Net Gain
Part Number Antenna Type
ML-2499-FHPA5-01R Omni-Directional Antenna 5.0 2.4 GHz,
ML-2499-FHPA9-01R Omni-Directional Antenna 9.0 2.4 GHz,
(dBi) Description
Type N connector,
no pigtail
Type N connector,
no pigtail
Hardware Installation
Nominal Net Gain
Part Number Antenna Type
ML-2452-PNA7-01R Panel Antenna (Dual-Band) 8.0 2.4 - 2.5/4.9 - 5.99
ML-2452-PNA5-01R Sector Antenna (Dual-Band) 6.0 2.3 - 2.4/4.9 - 5.9 GHz,
(dBi) Description
GHz, 66 deg/60 deg
Type N connector,
with pigtail
120 deg Sector
Type N connector,
with pigtail
The AP-5181 5.2 GHz antenna suite includes the following models:
Nominal Net Gain
Part Number Antenna Type
ML-5299-FHPA6-01R Omni-Directional Antenna 7.0 4.900-5.850 GHz,
(dBi) Description
Type N connector,
no pigtail
2-9
ML-5299-FHPA10-01R Omni-Directional Antenna 10.0 5.8 GHz,
2.5 Power Options
2.5.1 AP-5131 Power Options
The power options for the AP-5131 include:
• Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
• 48-Volt Power Supply (Part No. 50-14000-243R)
• Any standard 802.3af compliant device.
Type N connector,
no pigtail
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
2.5.2 AP-5181 Power Options
The power options for the AP-5181 include:
CAUTION An AP-5181 model access point cannot use the AP-5131
!
• Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR)
• Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R)
• Any standard 802.3af compliant device.
recommended 48-Volt Power Supply (Part No. 50-14000-243R).
Motorola recommends the AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R Power Tap for use an
AP-5181 and its intended outdoor deployment.
2.6 Power Injector and Power Tap Systems
An AP-5131 or AP-5181 access point can receive power via an Ethernet cable connected to the access
point’s LAN port (using the 802.3af standard). When users purchase a WLAN solution, they often
need to place access points in obscure locations. In the past, a dedicated power source was required
for each access point in addition to the Ethernet infrastructure. This often required an electrical
contractor to install power drops at each access point location.
The Power Injector and Power Tap solutions merge power and Ethernet into one cable, reducing the
burden of installation and allow optimal access point placement in respect to the intended radio
coverage area.
Both the Power Injector and Power Tap are integrated AC-DC converters requiring 110-220 VAC power
to combine low-voltage DC with Ethernet data in a single cable connecting to the access point. The
access point can only use a Power Injector or Power Tap when connecting the unit to the access
point’s LAN port. The Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR) is included in certain AP-5131
kits. The AP-5181 Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) is ordered separately and is intended
for AP-5181 outdoor deployments.
NOTE Though an AP-5181 can use the standard Power Injector solution (Part
No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR), Motorola recommends using the AP-5181
Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) designed especially for
outdoor deployments.
Hardware Installation
CAUTION The access point supports any standards-based 802.3af compliant
!
A separate Power Injector or Power Tap is required for each access point comprising the network.
power source (including non-Motorola power sources). However,
using the wrong solution (including a POE system used on a legacy
Motorola access point) could severely damage the access point and
void the product warranty.
2.6.1 Installing the Power Injector or Power Tap
Refer to the following sections for information on planning, installing, and validating the installation:
• Preparing for Site Installation
• Cabling the Power Injector and Power Tap
• Power Injector LED Indicators
2.6.1.1 Preparing for Site Installation
The Power Injector or Power Tap can be installed free standing, on an even horizontal surface or wall
mounted using the unit’s wall mounting key holes. The following guidelines should be adhered to
before cabling the Power Injector or Power Tap to an Ethernet source and an access point:
2-11
• Do not block or cover airflow to the Power Injector or Power Tap.
• Keep the unit away from excessive heat, humidity, vibration and dust.
• The Power Injector and Power Tap are not repeaters, and do not amplify the Ethernet data
signal. For optimal performance, ensure the unit is placed as close as possible to the
network data port.
2.6.1.2 Cabling the Power Injector and Power Tap
To install a Power Injector or Power Tap to an Ethernet data source and access point:
CAUTION For Power Tap installations, an electrician is required to open the
!
Power Tap unit, feed the power cable through the Line AC connector,
secure the power cable to the unit’s three screw termination block and
tighten the unit’s Line AC clamp (by hand) to ensure the power cable
cannot be pulled from the Power Tap enclosure. Only a certified
electrician should conduct the installation.
2-12
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
CAUTION Ensure AC power is supplied to the Power Injector or Power Tap (for
!
1. Connect an RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Injector’s Data In or the Power Tap’s DATA IN connector.
2. Connect an RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Injector’s Data & Power Out
connector or the Power Tap’s DATA/PWR OUT connector and the access point’s LAN port.
CAUTION Cabling the Power Injector to the access point’s WAN port renders the
!
Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Tap (or Power Injector)
and access point does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). Neither the Power Tap or Power
Injector has an On/Off switch. Each receives power as soon as AC power is applied.
3. For Power Tap installations, have a certified electrician open the Power Tap enclosure, feed
the power cable through the unit’s LINE AC connector, secure the power cable to the unit’s
three screw termination block and tighten the unit’s LINE AC clamp (by hand) to ensure the
power cable cannot be pulled from the unit and is protected from the elements.
4. For Power Tap installations, attach a ground cable between the EARTH GROUND
connector (on the back of the unit) to a suitable earth ground connection as defined by your
local electrical code.
5. Verify all cable connections are complete before supplying power to the access point.
AP-5181 installations) using an AC cable with an appropriate ground
connection approved for the country of operation.
access point non-operational. Only use a Power Injector or Power Tap
with the access point’s LAN port.
2.6.1.3 Power Injector LED Indicators
NOTE The AP-5181 Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) does not have
LED indicators.
The Power Injector demonstrates the following LED behavior under normal and/or problematic
operating conditions:
LED AC (Main) Port
Hardware Installation
2-13
Green (Steady) Power Injector is receiving power from an
AC outlet.
Green (Blinking) Output voltage source is out of range. The Power Injector is overloaded or has a
Indicates a device is connected to the
Power Injector’s outgoing Data & Power
cable.
short circuit.
For more information and device specifications for the Power Injector, refer to the Power Injector
Quick Install Guide (Part No. 72-70762-01) available from the Motorola Web site.
2.7 Mounting an AP-5131
The AP-5131 can rest on a flat surface, attach to a wall, mount under a suspended T-Bar or above a
ceiling (plenum or attic). Choose one of the following mounting options based on the physical
environment of the coverage area. Do not mount the AP-5131 in a location that has not been approved
in a site survey.
Refer to the following, depending on how you intend to mount the AP-5131:
• Desk Mounted Installations
• Wall Mounted Installations
• Suspended Ceiling T-Bar Installations
• Above the Ceiling (Plenum) Installations
2.7.1 Desk Mounted Installations
The desk mount option uses rubber feet allowing the unit to sit on most flat surfaces. The four (4)
round rubber feet can be found in the AP-5131 (main) box in a separate plastic bag.
To install the AP-5131 in a desk mount orientation:
1. Turn the AP-5131 upside down.
2. Attach the radio antennae to their correct connectors.
The antenna protection plate cannot be used in a desk mount configuration, as the plate only
allows antennas to be positioned in a downward orientation.
2-14
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
CAUTION Both the Dual and Single Radio model AP-5131’s use RSMA type
!
3. Remove the backings from the four (4) rubber feet and attach them to the four rubber feet
recess areas on the AP-5131.
antenna connectors. On the Dual Radio AP-5131, a single dot on the
antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for both Radio 1 (2.4
GHz) and Radio 2 (5.2 GHz). Two dots designate the secondary
antenna for both Radio 1 and Radio 2. On Single Radio models, a
single dot on the antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for
Radio 1, and two dots designate the secondary antenna for Radio 1.
4. Cable the AP-5131 using either the Power Injector solution or an approved line cord and
power supply.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5131 until the cabling of the unit is
!
For Power Injector installations:
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the power
injector Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Injector Data & Power Out
connector and the AP-5131 LAN port.
c. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Injector and
AP-5131 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). The Power Injector has no On/Off power
switch. The Power Injector receives power as soon as AC power is applied. For more
information on using the Power Injector, see Power Injector and Power Tap Systems on
page 2-10.
complete.
Hardware Installation
For standard 48-Volt power adapter (Part No. 50-14000-243R) and line cord installations:
a. Connect RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the AP-5131
LAN port.
b. Verify the power adapter is correctly rated according the country of operation.
c. Connect the power supply line cord to the power adapter.
d. Attach the power adapter cable into the power connector on the AP-5131.
e. Plug the power adapter into an outlet.
5. Verify the behavior of the AP-5131 LEDs. For more information, see
AP-5131 LED Indicators on page 2-23.
6. Return the AP-5131 to an upright position and place it in the location you wish it to operate.
Ensure the AP-5131 is sitting evenly on all four rubber feet.
The AP-5131 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5131 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
2.7.2 Wall Mounted Installations
Wall mounting requires hanging the AP-5131 along its width (or length) using the pair of slots on the
bottom of the unit and using the AP-5131 itself as a mounting template for the screws. The AP-5131
can be mounted onto any plaster or wood wall surface.
2-15
The mounting hardware and tools (customer provided) required to install the AP-5131 on a wall
consists of:
• Two Phillips pan head self-tapping screws (ANSI Standard) #6-18 X 0.875in. Type A or AB
Self-Tapping screw, or (ANSI Standard Metric) M3.5 X 0.6 X 20mm Type D Self-Tapping
screw
• Two wall anchors
• Security cable (optional)
To mount the AP-5131 on a wall:
1. Orient the AP-5131 on the wall by its width or length.
2. Using the arrows on one edge of the case as guides, move the edge to the midline of the
mounting area and mark points on the midline for the screws.
3. At each point, drill a hole in the wall, insert an anchor, screw into the anchor the wall
mounting screw and stop when there is 1mm between the screw head and the wall.
2-16
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
If pre-drilling a hole, the recommended hole size is 2.8mm (0.11in.) if the screws are going
directly into the wall and 6mm (0.23in.) if wall anchors are being used.
4. If required, install and attach a security cable to the AP-5131 lock port.
5. Place the large corner of each of the mount slots over the screw heads.
6. Slide the AP-5131 down along the mounting surface to hang the mount slots on the screw
heads.
7. Attach the radio antennae to their correct connectors.
CAUTION Both the Dual and Single Radio model AP-5131s use RSMA type
!
8. Cable the AP-5131 using either the Power Injector solution or an approved line cord and
power supply.
antenna connectors. On the Dual Radio AP-5131, a single dot on the
antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for both Radio 1 (2.4
GHz) and Radio 2 (5.2 GHz). Two dots designate the secondary
antenna for both Radio 1 and Radio 2. On Single Radio models, a
single dot on the antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for
Radio 1, and two dots designate the secondary antenna for Radio 1.
NOTE The access point must be mounted with the RJ45 cable connector
oriented upwards to ensure proper operation.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5131 until the cabling of the unit is
!
For Power Injector installations:
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Injector Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Injector Data & Power Out
connector and the AP-5131 LAN port.
c. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Injector and
AP-5131 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). The Power Injector has no On/Off power
switch. The Power Injector receives power as soon as AC power is applied. For more
information on using the Power Injector, see Power Injector and Power Tap Systems on
page 2-10.
complete.
Hardware Installation
For standard 48-Volt Power Adapter (Part No. 50-14000-243R) and line cord installations:
a. Connect RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the AP-5131
LAN port.
b. Verify the power adapter is correctly rated according the country of operation.
c. Connect the power supply line cord to the power adapter.
d. Attach the power adapter cable into the power connector on the AP-5131.
e. Plug the power adapter into an outlet.
NOTE If the AP-5131 is utilizing remote management antennae, a wire cover
can be used to provide a clean finished look to the installation. Contact
Motorola for more information.
9. Verify the behavior of the AP-5131 LEDs. For more information, see AP-5131 LED Indicators
on page 2-23.
The AP-5131 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5131 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
2-17
2.7.3 Suspended Ceiling T-Bar Installations
A suspended ceiling mount requires holding the AP-5131 up against the T-bar of a suspended ceiling
grid and twisting the AP-5131 chassis onto the T-bar.
The mounting hardware and tools (customer provided) required to install the AP-5131 on a ceiling
T-bar consists of:
• Safety wire (recommended)
• Security cable (optional)
To install the AP-5131 on a ceiling T-bar:
1. If required, loop a safety wire —with a diameter of at least 1.01 mm (.04 in.), but no more
than 0.158 mm (.0625 in.) —through the tie post (above the AP-5131’s console connector)
and secure the loop.
2. If required, install and attach a security cable to the AP-5131 lock port.
3. Attach the radio antennae to their correct connectors.
2-18
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
CAUTION Both the Dual and Single Radio model AP-5131s use RSMA type
!
4. Cable the AP-5131 using either the Power Injector solution or an approved line cord and
power supply.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5131 until the cabling of the unit is
!
For Power Injector installations:
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Injector Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Injector Data & Power Out
connector and the AP-5131 LAN port.
c. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Injector and
AP-5131 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). The Power Injector has no On/Off power
switch. The Power Injector receives power as soon as AC power is applied. For more
information on using the Power Injector, see Power Injector and Power Tap Systems on
page 2-10.
For standard 48-Volt Power Adapter (Part No. 50-14000-243R) and line cord installations:
antenna connectors. On a Dual Radio AP-5131, a single dot on the
antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for both Radio 1 (2.4
GHz) and Radio 2 (5.2 GHz). Two dots designate the secondary
antenna for both Radio 1 and Radio 2. On Single Radio models, a
single dot on the antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for
Radio 1, and two dots designate the secondary antenna for Radio 1
complete.
a. Connect RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the AP-5131
LAN port.
b. Verify the power adapter is correctly rated according the country of operation.
c. Connect the power supply line cord to the power adapter.
d. Attach the power adapter cable into the power connector on the AP-5131.
e. Plug the power adapter into an outlet.
5. Verify the behavior of the AP-5131 LEDs. For more information, see AP-5131 LED Indicators
on page 2-23.
6. Align the bottom of the ceiling T-bar with the back of the AP-5131.
Hardware Installation
7. Orient the AP-5131 chassis by its length and the length of the ceiling T-bar.
8. Rotate the AP-5131 chassis 45 degrees clockwise, or about 10 o’clock.
9. Push the back of the AP-5131 chassis on to the bottom of the ceiling T-bar.
CAUTION Ensure the safety wire and cabling used in the T-Bar AP-5131
!
10. Rotate the AP-5131 chassis 45 degrees counter-clockwise. The clips click as they fasten to
the T-bar.
installation is securely fastened to the building structure in order to
provide a safe operating environment.
2-19
11. The AP-5131 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5131 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
NOTE If the AP-5131 is utilizing remote management antennae, a wire cover
can be used to provide a clean finished look to the installation. Contact
Motorola for more information.
2-20
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
2.7.4 Above the Ceiling (Plenum) Installations
An AP-5131 above the ceiling installation requires placing the AP-5131 above a suspended ceiling
and installing the provided light pipe under the ceiling tile for viewing the rear panel status LEDs of
the unit. An above the ceiling AP-5131 installation enables installations compliant with drop ceilings,
suspended ceilings and industry standard tiles from .625 to .75 inches thick.
NOTE The AP-5131 is Plenum rated to UL2043 and NEC1999 to support above
the ceiling installations.
CAUTION Motorola does not recommend mounting the AP-5131 directly to any
!
suspended ceiling tile with a thickness less than 12.7mm (0.5in.) or a
suspended ceiling tile with an unsupported span greater than 660mm
(26in.). Motorola strongly recommends fitting the AP-5131 with a
safety wire suitable for supporting the weight of the device. The
safety wire should be a standard ceiling suspension cable or
equivalent steel wire between 1.59mm (.062in.) and 2.5mm (.10in.) in
diameter.
The mounting hardware required to install the AP-5131 above a ceiling consists of:
• Light pipe
• Badge for light pipe
• Decal for badge
• Safety wire (strongly recommended)
• Security cable (optional)
To install the AP-5131 above a ceiling:
1. If possible, remove the adjacent ceiling tile from its frame and place it aside.
2. Install a safety wire, between 1.5mm (.06in.) and 2.5mm (.10in.) in diameter, in the ceiling
space.
3. If required, install and attach a security cable to the AP-5131’s lock port.
4. Mark a point on the finished side of the tile where the light pipe is to be located.
5. Create a light pipe path hole in the target position on the ceiling tile.
6. Use a drill to make a hole in the tile the approximate size of the AP-5131 LED light pipe.
Hardware Installation
CAUTION Motorola recommends care be taken not to damage the finished
!
7. Remove the light pipe’s rubber stopper before installing the light pipe.
8. Connect the light pipe to the bottom of the AP-5131. Align the tabs and rotate approximately
90 degrees. Do not over tighten
surface of the ceiling tile when creating the light pipe hole and
installing the light pipe.
Light Pipe
Ceiling Tile
2-21
Decal
Badge
9. Snap the clips of the light pipe into the bottom of the AP-5131.
10. Fit the light pipe into hole in the tile from its unfinished side.
11. Place the decal on the back of the badge and slide the badge onto the light pipe from the
finished side of the tile.
12. Attach the radio antennae to their correct connectors.
CAUTION Both the Dual and Single Radio model AP-5131s use RSMA type
!
antenna connectors. On the Dual Radio AP-5131, a single dot on the
antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for both Radio 1 (2.4
GHz) and Radio 2 (5.2 GHz). Two dots designate the secondary
antenna for both Radio 1 and Radio 2. On Single Radio models, a
single dot on the antenna connector indicates the primary antenna for
Radio 1, and two dots designate the secondary antenna for Radio 1.
2-22
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
13. Attach safety wire (if used) to the AP-5131 safety wire tie point or security cable (if used) to
the AP-5131’s lock port.
14. Align the ceiling tile into its former ceiling space.
15. Cable the AP-5131 using either the Power Injector solution or an approved line cord and
power supply.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5131 until the cabling of the unit is
!
For Power Injector installations:
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Injector Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Injector Data & Power Out
connector and the AP-5131 LAN port.
c. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Injector and
AP-5131 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). The Power Injector has no On/Off power
switch. The Power Injector receives power as soon as AC power is applied. For more
information on using the Power Injector, see Power Injector and Power Tap Systems on
page 2-10.
For standard 48-Volt Power Adapter (Part No. 50-14000-243R) and line cord installations:
complete.
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the AP-5131
LAN port.
b. Verify the power adapter is correctly rated according the country of operation.
c. Connect the power supply line cord to the power adapter.
d. Attach the power adapter cable into the power connector on the AP-5131.
e. Plug the power adapter into an outlet.
16. Verify the behavior of the AP-5131 LED lightpipe. For more information, see AP-5131 LED
Indicators on page 2-23.
17. Place the ceiling tile back in its frame and verify it is secure.
The AP-5131 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5131 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
Hardware Installation
2.8 AP-5131 LED Indicators
The AP-5131 utilizes seven LED indicators. Five LEDs display within four LED slots on the front of the
AP-5131 (on top of the AP-5131 housing) and two LEDs (for above the ceiling installations) are located
on the back of the device (the side containing the LAN, WAN and antenna connectors).
0OWERAND%RROR#ONDITIONS3PLIT,%$
$ATA/VER%THERNET
A2ADIO!CTIVITY
BG2ADIO!CTIVITY
2-23
The five LEDs on the top housing of the AP-5131 are clearly visible in table-top, wall and below ceiling
installations. The five AP-5131 top housing LEDs have the following display and functionality:
Power Status
Error Conditions
Ethernet Activity
802.11a Radio Activity
802.11b/g Radio Activity
Solid white indicates the AP-5131 is adequately powered.
Solid red indicates the AP-5131 is experiencing a problem condition requiring
immediate attention.
Flashing white indicates data transfers and Ethernet activity.
Flickering amber indicates beacons and data transfers over the AP-5131
802.11a radio.
Flickering green indicates beacons and data transfers over the AP-5131
802.11b/g radio.
2-24
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
The LEDs on the rear of the AP-5131 are viewed using a single (customer installed) extended
lightpipe, adjusted as required to suit above the ceiling installations. The LEDs displayed using the
lightpipe have the following color display and functionality:
Boot and Power Status
Error Conditions
Power and Error
Conditions
Solid white indicates the AP-5131 is adequately powered.
Solid red indicates the AP-5131 is experiencing a problem condition requiring
immediate attention.
Blinking red indicates the AP-5131 Rogue AP Detection feature has located a
rogue device
2.9 Mounting an AP-5181
The AP-5181 can be connected to a pole or attach to a wall. Choose one of the following mounting
options based on the physical environment of the coverage area. Do not mount the AP-5181 in a
location that has not been approved in a site survey.
Refer to the following, depending on how you intend to mount the AP-5181:
• AP-5181 Pole Mounted Installations
• AP-5181 Wall Mounted Installations
2.9.1 AP-5181 Pole Mounted Installations
Complete the following steps to mount the AP-5181 to a (1.5 to 18 inch diameter) steel pole or tube
(using the mounting bracket):
1. Fit the edges of the V-shaped clamp parts into the slots on the flat side of the rectangular
plate.
2. Place the V-shaped bracket clamp parts around the pole and tighten the nuts just enough to
hold the bracket to the pole. (The bracket may need to be rotated around the pole during the
antenna alignment process).
Fit the edges of the
V-shaped part into the slots
Tighten the
securing bolts
3. Attach the square mounting plate to the bridge with the supplied screws.
Attach the square
plate to the bridge
Hardware Installation
2-25
4. Attach the AP-5181 and mounting plate to the bracket already fixed to the pole.
5. Secure the AP-5181 to the pole bracket using the provided nuts.
NOTE The AP-5181 tilt angle may need to be adjusted during the antenna
alignment process. Verify the antenna polarization angle when installing,
ensure the antennas are oriented correctly in respect to the AP-5181's
coverage area.
6. Attach the radio antenna to their correct connectors.
2-26
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
7. Cable the AP-5181 using either the AP-5181 Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) or
the Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR).
NOTE The access point must be mounted with the RJ45 cable connectors
oriented upwards to ensure proper operation.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5181 Power Tap or Power Injector until
!
CAUTION For Power Tap installations, an electrician is required to open the
!
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Tap’s DATA IN connector or the Power Injector’s Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Tap’s DATA/PWR OUT connector
or the Power Injector’s Data & Power Out connector and the AP-5181 LAN port.
c. For Power Tap installations, have a certified electrician open the Power Tap enclosure,
feed the power cable through the unit’s LINE AC connector, secure the power cable to
the unit’s three screw termination block and tighten the unit’s LINE AC clamp (by hand)
to ensure the power cable cannot be pulled from the unit.
d. For Power Tap installations, attach a ground cable between the EARTH GROUND
connector (on the back of the unit) to a suitable earth ground connection as defined by
your local electrical code.
e. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Tap (or Power
Injector) and AP-5181 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). Neither the Power Tap or
Power injector has an On/Off power switch. Each receives power as soon as AC power
is applied. For more information on using the see, Power Injector and Power Tap Systems
on page 2-10.
8. Use the supplied cable connector to cover the AP-5181’s Console, LAN/PoE and WAN
connectors.
the cabling of the access point is complete.
Power Tap unit, feed the power cable through the Line AC connector,
secure the power cable to the unit’s three screw termination block and
tighten the unit’s Line AC clamp (by hand) to ensure the power cable
cannot be pulled from the Power Tap enclosure. Only a certified
electrician should conduct the installation.
Hardware Installation
9. Once power has been applied, Verify the behavior of the AP-5181 LEDs. For more
information, see AP-5181 LED Indicators on page 2-29.
The AP-5181 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5181 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
NOTE If installing the AP-5181 in an outdoor area prone to high winds and rain,
Motorola recommends using the AP-5181 Heavy Weather Kit (Part No.
KT-5181-HW-01R). This kit shields an AP-5181 from high winds and water
damage as a result of driving rain.
2.9.2 AP-5181 Wall Mounted Installations
Complete the following steps to mount the AP-5181 to a wall using the supplied wall-mounting
bracket:
1. Attach the bracket to a wall with flat side flush against the wall (see the illustration below).
Position the bracket in the intended location and mark the positions of the four mounting
screw holes.
2-27
2. Drill four holes in the wall that match the screws and wall plugs.
3. Secure the bracket to the wall.
4. Attach the square mounting plate to the bridge with the supplied screws. Attach the bridge
to the plate on the pole.
2-28
AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
5. Use the included nuts to tightly secure the wireless bridge to the bracket. Fit the edges of
the V-shaped clamp into the slots on the flat side of the rectangular plate.
6. Attach the radio antenna to their correct connectors.
7. Cable the AP-5181 using either the AP-5181 Power Tap (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-5181-01R) or
the Power Injector (Part No. AP-PSBIAS-1P2-AFR).
NOTE Once ready for the final positioning of the access point, ensure the RJ45
cable connectors are oriented upwards to ensure proper operation.
CAUTION Do not supply power to the AP-5181 Power Tap or Power Injector until
!
CAUTION For Power Tap installations, an electrician is required to open the
!
a. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the network data supply (host) and the Power
Tap’s DATA IN connector or the Power Injector’s Data In connector.
b. Connect a RJ-45 Ethernet cable between the Power Tap’s DATA/PWR OUT connector
or the Power Injector’s Data & Power Out connector and the AP-5181 LAN port.
the cabling of the access point is complete.
Power Tap unit, feed the power cable through the Line AC connector,
secure the power cable to the unit’s three screw termination block and
tighten the unit’s Line AC clamp (by hand) to ensure the power cable
cannot be pulled from the Power Tap enclosure. Only a certified
electrician should conduct the installation.
Hardware Installation
c. For Power Tap installations, have a certified electrician open the Power Tap enclosure,
feed the power cable through the unit’s LINE AC connector, secure the power cable to
the unit’s three screw termination block and tighten the unit’s LINE AC clamp (by hand)
to ensure the power cable cannot be pulled from the unit.
d. For Power Tap installations, attach a ground cable between the EARTH GROUND
connector (on the back of the unit) to a suitable earth ground connection as defined by
your local electrical code.
e. Ensure the cable length from the Ethernet source (host) to the Power Tap (or Power
Injector) and AP-5181 does not exceed 100 meters (333 ft). Neither the Power Tap or
Power injector has an On/Off power switch. Each receives power as soon as AC power
is applied. For more information on using the see, Power Injector and Power Tap Systems
on page 2-10.
8. Use the supplied cable connector to cover the AP-5181’s Console, LAN/PoE and WAN
connectors.
9. Once power has been applied, Verify the behavior of the AP-5181 LEDs. For more
information, see AP-5181 LED Indicators on page 2-29.
The AP-5181 is ready to configure. For information on an AP-5181 default configuration, see
Getting Started on page 3-1. For specific details on AP-5131 system configurations, see
System Configuration on page 4-1.
2-29
NOTE If installing the AP-5181 in an outdoor area prone to high winds and rain,
Motorola recommends using the AP-5181 Heavy Weather Kit (Part No.
KT-5181-HW-01R). This kit shields an AP-5181 from high winds and water
damage as a result of driving rain.
2.10 AP-5181 LED Indicators
The AP-5181 utilizes four LED indicators. Five LEDs display within four LED slots on the back of the
access point. The five LEDs have the following display and functionality:
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Power and error conditions (split LED)
Data over Ethernet
802.11a radio activity
802.11b/g radio activity
Power Status
Error Conditions
Ethernet Activity
802.11a Radio Activity
802.11b/g Radio Activity
Solid white indicates the access point is adequately powered.
Solid red indicates the access point is experiencing a problem condition
requiring immediate attention.
Flashing white indicates data transfers and Ethernet activity.
Flickering amber indicates beacons and data transfers over the access point
802.11a radio.
Flickering green indicates beacons and data transfers over the access point
802.11b/g radio.
Hardware Installation
2.11 Setting Up MUs
For a discussion of how to initially test the access point to ensure it can interoperate with the MUs
intended for its operational environment, see Basic Device Configuration on page 3-5 and specifically
Testing Connectivity on page 3-14.
Refer to the LA-5030 & LA-5033 Wireless Networker PC Card and PCI Adapter Users Guide, available
from the Motorola Web site, for installing drivers and client software if operating in an 802.11a/g
network environment.
Refer to the Spectrum24 LA-4121 PC Card, LA-4123 PCI Adapter & LA-4137 Wireless Networker User
Guide, available from the Motorola Web site, for installing drivers and client software if operating in
an 802.11b network environment.
Use the default values for the ESSID and other configuration parameters until the network connection
is verified. MUs attach to the network and interact with the AP transparently.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Getting Started
The access point should be installed in an area tested for radio coverage using one of the site survey
tools available to the field service technician. Once an installation site has been identified, the
installer should carefully follow the hardware precautions, requirements, mounting guidelines and
power options outlined in Hardware Installation.
See the following sections for more details:
• Installing the Access Point
• Configuration Options
• Basic Device Configuration
3.1 Installing the Access Point
Make the required cable and power connections before mounting the access point in its final
operating position. Test the access point with an associated MU before mounting and securing the
access point. Carefully follow the mounting instructions in one of the following sections to ensure the
access point is installed correctly:
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
For installing an AP-5131 model access point
• For instructions on installing the AP-5131 on a table top, see Desk Mounted Installations on
page 2-13.
• For instructions on mounting an AP-5131 to a wall, see Wall Mounted Installations on page 2-
15.
• For instructions on mounting an AP-5131 to a ceiling T-bar, see Suspended Ceiling T-Bar
Installations on page 2-17.
• For instructions on installing the AP-5131 in an above the ceiling attic space, see Above the
Ceiling (Plenum) Installations on page 2-20.
For installing an AP-5181 model access point:
• For instructions on installing the AP-5181 to a pole, see AP-5181 Pole Mounted Installations
on page 2-24.
• For instructions on installing the AP-5181 to a wall, see AP-5181 Wall Mounted Installations
on page 2-27.
For information on the 802.11a and 802.11b/g radio antenna suite available to the access point, see
Antenna Options on page 2-6. For more information on using a Power Injector to combine Ethernet and
power in one cable to an AP-5131 model access point, see Power Injector and Power Tap Systems on
page 2-10. To verify AP-5131 LED behavior once installed, see AP-5131 LED Indicators on page 2-23. To
verify the behavior of the AP-5181 LEDs once installed, see AP-5181 LED Indicators on page 2-29.
3.2 Configuration Options
Once installed and powered, an AP-5131 or AP-5181 can be configured using one of several connection
techniques. Managing the access point includes viewing network statistics and setting configuration
options. The access point requires one of the following connection methods to manage the network:
• Secure Java-Based WEB UI - (use Sun Microsystems’ JRE 1.5 or higher available from Sun’s
Web site. Disable Microsoft’s Java Virtual Machine if installed). For information on using the
Web UI to set access point default configuration, see Basic Device Configuration on page 3-5
or chapters 4 through 7 of this guide.
• Command Line Interface (CLI) via Serial, Telnet and SSH. The access point CLI is accessed
through the RS232 port, via Telnet or SSH. The CLI follows the same configuration conventions
as the device user interface with a few documented exceptions. For details on using the CLI to
manage the access point, see CLI Reference on page 8-1.
Getting Started
• Config file - Readable text file; Importable/Exportable via FTP, TFTP and HTTP. Configuration
settings for an access point can be downloaded from the current configuration of another
access point meeting the import/export requirements. For information on importing or
exporting configuration files, see Importing/Exporting Configurations on page 4-44.
• MIB (Management Information Base) accessing the access point SNMP functions using a
MIB Browser. The access point download package contains the following 2 MIB files:
• Symbol-CC-WS2000-MIB-2.0
• Symbol-AP-5131-MIB (can be used for both an AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access
point, an AP-5181 does not have its own MIB)
3.3 Default Configuration Changes for the Access Point
The following table illustrates the changes made to the access point default configuration from its
initial 1.0 release through this most recent 2.0 release.
3-3
Version 1.0 Version 1.1 Version 1.1.1.0
WAN DHCP client
Auto-Update Enabled
LAN1 Static IP: 192.168.0.1
Static Mask:
255.255.255.0
DHCP Server Enabled
LAN2 Not applicable in 1.0
release (no LAN2
support)
Access
via WAN
port
HTTPS, SSH, SNMP:
Enabled
Static IP: 10.1.1.1
Static Mask: 255.0.0.0
DHCP Client
Auto-Update Enabled
Default Gateway
Ethernet Port Enabled
Static IP: 192.168.1.1
Static Mask:
255.255.255.0
DHCP Server Enabled
HTTP, HTTPS, SSH,
SNMP, Telnet:
Enabled
& 1.1.2.0
Static IP: 10.1.1.1
Static Mask: 255.0.0.0
DHCP Client
Auto-Update Enabled
Default Gateway
Ethernet Port Enabled
Disabled Disabled
HTTP, HTTPS, SSH,
SNMP, Telnet:
Enabled
Version 2.0
Static IP: 10.1.1.1
Static Mask: 255.0.0.0
DHCP Client
Auto-Update Enabled
Default Gateway
Ethernet Port Enabled
HTTP, HTTPS, SSH,
SNMP, Telnet:
Enabled
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
3.4 Initially Connecting to the Access Point
NOTE The procedures described below assume this is the first time you are
connecting to either an AP-5131 or AP-5181 model access point.
3.4.1 Connecting to the Access Point using the WAN Port
To initially connect to the access point using the access point’s WAN port:
1. Connect AC power to the access point, as Power-Over-Ether support is not available on the
access point’s WAN port.
2. Start a browser and enter the access point’s static IP WAN address (10.1.1.1). The default
password is “motorola.”
3. Refer to Basic Device Configuration on page 3-5 for instructions on the initial (basic)
configuration of the access point.
3.4.2 Connecting to the Access Point using the LAN Port
To initially connect to the access point using the access point’s LAN port:
1. The LAN port default is set to DHCP. Connect the access point’s LAN port to a DHCP server.
The access point will receive its IP address automatically.
2. To view the IP address, connect one end of a null modem serial cable to the access point and
the other end to the serial port of a computer running HyperTerminal or similar emulation
program.
NOTE If using an AP-5131 model access point, a null modem cable is required. If
using an AP-5181 model access point, an RJ-45 to Serial cable is required
to make the connection.
3. Configure the following settings:
• Baud Rate - 19200
• Data Bits - 8
• Stop Bits - 1
• No Parity
• No Flow Control
Getting Started
4. Press <ESC> or <Enter> to access the access point CLI.
5. Enter the default username of “admin” and the default password of “motorola.”
As this is the first time you are logging into the access point, you are prompted to enter a
new password and set the county code. Refer to Country Codes on page A-9 for a list of each
available countries two digit country code.
6. At the CLI prompt (admin>), type “summary.”
The access point’s LAN IP address will display.
7. Using a Web browser, use the access point’s IP address to access the access point.
8. Refer to Basic Device Configuration on page 3-5 for instructions on the initial (basic)
configuration of the access point.
3.5 Basic Device Configuration
For the basic setup described in this section, the Java-based Web UI will be used to configure the
access point. Use the access point’s LAN interface for establishing a link with the access point.
Configure the access point as a DHCP client. For optimal screen resolution, set your screen resolution
to 1024 x 768 pixels or greater.
3-5
1. Log in using admin as the default Username and motorola as the default Password. Use
your new password if it has been updated from default.
There is no difference in the login method between the AP-5131 and AP-5181 model access
points. However, each model displays a login screen unique in appearance (with a different
model name). Additionally, each model access point displays a banner on top of each menu
screen unique to the AP-5131 or AP-5181 model supported.
NOTE For optimum compatibility, use Sun Microsystems’ JRE 1.5 or higher
(available from Sun’s Website), and be sure to disable Microsoft’s Java
Virtual Machine if installed.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
2. If the default login is successful, the Change Admin Password window displays. Change
the password.
Enter the current password and a new admin password in fields provided. Click Apply. Once
the admin password has been updated, a warning message displays stating the access point
must be set to a country.
Getting Started
The export function will always export the encrypted Admin User password. The import
function will import the Admin Password only if the access point is set to factory default. If
the access point is not configured to factory default settings, the Admin User password WILL
NOT get imported.
.
NOTE Though the access point can have its basic settings defined using a
number of different screens, Motorola recommends using the access
point Quick Setup screen to set the correct country of operation and
define its minimum required configuration from one convenient location.
3.5.1 Configuring Device Settings
Configure a set of minimum required device settings within the Quick Setup screen. The values
defined within the Quick Setup screen are also configurable in numerous other locations within the
menu tree. When you change the settings in the Quick Setup screen, the values also change within
the screen where these parameters also exist. Additionally, if the values are updated in these other
screens, the values initially set within the Quick Setup screen will be updated.
To define a basic access point configuration:
1. Select System Configuration -> Quick Setup from the menu tree, if the Quick Setup
screen is not already displayed.
3-7
2. Enter a System Name for the access point.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
The System Name is useful if multiple devices are being administered.
3. Select the Country for the access point’s country of operation from the drop-down menu
The access point prompts the user for the correct country code on the first login. A warning
message also displays stating that an incorrect country settings may result in illegal radio
operation. Selecting the correct country is central to legally operating the access point. Each
country has its own regulatory restrictions concerning electromagnetic emissions and the
maximum RF signal strength that can be transmitted. To ensure compliance with national
and local laws, be sure to set the country accurately. CLI and MIB users cannot configure
their access point until a two character country code (for example, United States - us) is set.
Refer to Appendix A, Country Codes on page A-9 for the two character country codes.
NOTE The System Name and Country are also configurable within the System
Settings screen. Refer to Configuring System Settings on page 4-2 (if
necessary) to set a system location and admin email address for the
access point or to view other default settings.
Getting Started
4. Optionally enter the IP address of the server used to provide system time to the access point
within the Time Server field.
NOTE DNS names are not supported as a valid IP address. The user is required
to enter a numerical IP address.
Once the IP address is entered, the access point’s Network Time Protocol (NTP) functionality
is engaged automatically. Refer to the access point Product Reference Guide for information
on defining alternate time servers and setting a synchronization interval for the access point
to adjust its displayed time. Refer to Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP) on page 4-39
(if necessary) for information on setting alternate time servers and setting a synchronization
interval for the access point to adjust its displayed time.
5. Click the WAN tab to set a minimum set of parameters for using the WAN interface.
a. Select the Enable WAN Interface checkbox to enable a connection between the
access point and a larger network or outside world through the WAN port. Disable this
option to effectively isolate the access point’s WAN connection. No connections to a
larger network or the Internet will be possible. MUs cannot communicate beyond the
configured subnets.
b. Select the This Interface is a DHCP Client checkbox to enable DHCP for the access
point’s WAN connection. This is useful, if the larger corporate network or Internet
Service Provider (ISP) uses DHCP. DHCP is a protocol that includes mechanisms for IP
address allocation and delivery of host-specific configuration parameters from a DHCP
server to a host. Some of these parameters are IP address, network mask, and gateway.
3-9
NOTE Motorola recommends that the WAN and LAN ports should not both be
configured as DHCP clients.
c. Specify an IP address for the access point’s WAN connection. An IP address uses a
series of four numbers expressed in dot notation, for example, 190.188.12.1 (no DNS
names supported).
d. Specify a Subnet Mask for the access point’s WAN connection. This number is
available from the ISP for a DSL or cable-modem connection, or from an administrator if
the access point connects to a larger network. A subnet mask uses a series of four
numbers expressed in dot notation. For example, 255.255.255.0 is a valid subnet mask.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
e. Define a Default Gateway address for the access point’s WAN connection. The ISP or
a network administrator provides this address.
f. Specify the address of a Primary DNS Server. The ISP or a network administrator
provides this address.
6. Optionally, use the Enable PPP over Ethernet checkbox to enable Point-to-Point over
Ethernet (PPPoE) for a high-speed connection that supports this protocol. Most DSL
providers are currently using or deploying this protocol. PPPoE is a data-link protocol for
dialup connections. PPPoE will allow the access point to use a broadband modem (DSL,
cable modem, etc.) for access to high-speed data networks.
a. Select the Keep Alive checkbox to enable occasional communications over the WAN
port even when client communications to the WAN are idle. Some ISPs terminate
inactive connections, while others do not. In either case, enabling Keep-Alive maintains
the WAN connection, even when there is no traffic. If the ISP drops the connection after
the idle time, the access point automatically reestablishes the connection to the ISP.
b. Specify the Username entered when connecting to the ISP. When the Internet session
begins, the ISP authenticates the username.
c. Specify the Password entered when connecting to the ISP. When the Internet session
starts, the ISP authenticates the password.
For additional access point WAN port configuration options, see Configuring WAN Settings
on page 5-16.
7. Click the LAN tab to set a minimum set of parameters to use the access point LAN interface.
a. Select the Enable LAN Interface checkbox to forward data traffic over the access
point’s LAN connection. The LAN connection is enabled by default.
b. Use the This Interface drop-down menu to specify how network address information
is defined over the access point’s LAN connection. Select DHCP Client if the larger
corporate network uses DHCP. DHCP is a protocol that includes mechanisms for IP
address allocation and delivery of host-specific configuration parameters from a DHCP
server to a host. Some of these parameters are IP address, network mask, and gateway.
Select DHCP Server to use the access point as a DHCP server over the LAN connection.
Select the Bootp client option to enable a diskless system to discover its own IP
address.
.
NOTE Motorola recommends that the WAN and LAN ports should not both be
configured as DHCP clients.
Getting Started
c. If using the static or DHCP Server option, enter the network-assigned IP Address of the
access point.
NOTE DNS names are not supported as a valid IP address for the access point.
The user is required to enter a numerical IP address.
d. The Subnet Mask defines the size of the subnet. The first two sets of numbers specify
the network domain, the next set specifies the subset of hosts within a larger network.
These values help divide a network into subnetworks and simplify routing and data
transmission.
e. If using the static or DHCP Server option, enter a Default Gateway to define the
numerical IP address of a router the access point uses on the Ethernet as its default
gateway.
f. If using the static or DHCP Server option, enter the Primary DNS Server numerical IP
address.
g. If using the DHCP Server option, use the Address Assignment Range parameter to
specify a range of IP address reserved for mapping clients to IP addresses. If a manually
(static) mapped IP address is within the IP address range specified, that IP address could
still be assigned to another client. To avoid this, ensure all statically mapped IP
addresses are outside of the IP address range assigned to the DHCP server.
For additional access point LAN port configuration options, see Configuring the LAN
Interface on page 5-1.
8. Enable the radio(s) using the Enable checkbox(es) within the Radio Configuration field. If
using a single radio access point, enable the radio, then select either 2.4 GHz or 5.2 GHz from
the RF Band of Operation field. Only one RF band option at a time is permissible in a
single-radio model. If using a dual-radio model, the user can enable both RF bands. For
additional radio configuration options, see Configuring the 802.11a or 802.11b/g Radio on
page 5-55.
9. Select the WLAN #1 tab (WLANs 1 - 4 are available within the Quick Setup screen) to define
its ESSID and security scheme for basic operation.
3-11
NOTE A maximum of 16 WLANs are configurable within the Wireless
Configuration screen. The limitation of 16 WLANs exists regardless of
whether the access point is a single or dual-radio model.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
a. Enter the Extended Services Set Identification (ESSID) and name associated with the
WLAN. For additional information on creating and editing up to 16 WLANs per access
point, see Creating/Editing Individual WLANs on page 5-30.
b. Use the Available On checkboxes to define whether the target WLAN is operating over
the 802.11a or 802.11b/g radio. Ensure the radio selected has been enabled (see step 8).
c. Even an access point configured with minimal values must protect its data against theft
and corruption. A security policy should be configured for WLAN1 as part of the basic
configuration outlined in this guide. A security policy can be configured for the WLAN
from within the Quick Setup screen. Policies can be defined over time and saved to be
used as needed as security requirements change. Motorola recommends you familiarize
yourself with the security options available on the access point before defining a
security policy. Refer to Configuring WLAN Security Settings on page 3-12.
10. Click Apply to save any changes to the access point Quick Setup screen. Navigating away
from the screen without clicking Apply results in all changes to the screens being lost.
11. Click Undo Changes (if necessary) to undo any changes made. Undo Changes reverts the
settings displayed on the access point Quick Setup screen to the last saved configuration.
3.5.1.1 Configuring WLAN Security Settings
To configure a basic security policy for a WLAN:
1. From the access point Quick Setup screen, click the Create button to the right of the Security
Policy item.
The New Security Policy screen displays with the Manually Pre-shared key/No
authentication and No Encryption options selected. Naming and saving such a policy (as
is) would provide no security and might only make sense in a guest network wherein no
sensitive data is either transmitted or received. Consequently, at a minimum, a basic
security scheme (in this case WEP 128) is recommended in a network environment wherein
sensitive data is transmitted.
NOTE For information on configuring the other encryption and authentication
options available to the access point, see Configuring Security Options on
page 6-2.
2. Ensure the Name of the security policy entered suits the intended configuration or function
of the policy.
Multiple WLANs can share the same security policy, so be careful not to name security
policies after specific WLANs or risk defining a WLAN to single policy. Motorola
Getting Started
recommends naming the policy after the attributes of the authentication or encryption type
selected.
3. Select the WEP 128 (104 bit key) checkbox.
The WEP 128 Settings field displays within the New Security Policy screen.
3-13
4. Configure the WEP 128 Settings field as required to define the Pass Key used to generate
the WEP keys
Pass Key Specify a 4 to 32 character pass key and click the Generate
.
button. The access point, other proprietary routers and MUs use
the same algorithm to convert an ASCII string to the same
hexadecimal number. Non-Motorola clients and devices need to
enter WEP keys manually as hexadecimal numbers. The access
point and its target client(s) must use the same pass key to
interoperate.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Keys #1-4 Use the Key #1-4 fields to specify key numbers. The key can be
either a hexidecimal or ASCII depending on which option is
selected from the drop-down menu. For WEP 64 (40-bit key), the
keys are 10 hexadecimal characters in length or 5 ASCII
characters. For WEP 128 (104-bit key), the keys are 26
hexadecimal characters in length or 13 ASCII characters. Select
one of these keys for activation by clicking its radio button. The
access point and its target client(s) must use the same key to
interoperate.
5. Click the Apply button to save the security policy and return to the access point Quick
Setup screen.
At this point, you can test the access point for MU interoperability.
3.5.2 Testing Connectivity
Verify the access point’s link with an MU by sending Wireless Network Management Protocol
(WNMP) ping packets to the associated MU. Use the Echo Test screen to specify a target MU and
configure the parameters of the test. The WNMP ping test only works with Motorola MUs. Only use
a Motorola MU to test access point connectivity using WNMP.
NOTE Before testing for connectivity, the target MU needs to be set to the same
ESSID as the access point. Since WEP 128 has been configured for the
access point, the MU also needs to be configured for WEP 128 and use
the same WEP keys. Ensure the MU is associated with the access point
before testing for connectivity.
To ping a specific MU to assess its connection with an access point:
1. Select Status and Statistics -> MU Stats from the menu tree.
2. Select the Echo Test button from within the MU Stats Summary screen.
3. Define the following parameters for the test.
Station Address The station address is the IP address of the target MU. Refer to
the MU Stats Summary screen for associated MU IP address
information.
Number of pings Defines the number of packets to be transmitted to the MU. The
default is 100.
Getting Started
Packet Length Specifies the length of each packet transmitted to the MU during
the test. The default length is 100 bytes.
4. Click the Ping button to begin transmitting packets to the specified MU address.
Refer to the Number of Responses value to assess the number of responses from the MU
versus the number of ping packets transmitted by the access point. Use the ratio of packets
sent versus the number of packets received the link quality between the MU and the access
point.
Click the OK button to exit the Echo Test screen and return to the MU Stats Summary screen.
3.5.3 Where to Go from Here?
Once basic connectivity has been verified, the access point can be fully configured to meet the needs
of the network and the users it supports. Refer to the following:
• For detailed information on access point device access, SNMP settings, network time,
importing/exporting device configurations and device firmware updates, see Chapter 4,
System Configuration on page 4-1.
• For detailed information on configuring access point LAN interface (subnet) and WAN
interface see, Chapter 5, Network Management on page 5-1.
• For detailed information on configuring specific encryption and authentication security
schemes for individual access point WLANs, see Chapter 6, Configuring Access Point
Security on page 6-1.
• To view detailed statistics on the access point and its associated MUs, see Chapter 7,
Monitoring Statistics on page 7-1.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
System Configuration
The access point contains a built-in browser interface for system configuration and remote
management using a standard Web browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator
or Mozilla Firefox (version 0.8 or higher is recommended). The browser interface also allows for
system monitoring of the access point.
Web management of the access point requires either Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or later or
Netscape Navigator 6.0 or later.
NOTE For optimum compatibility, use Sun Microsystems’ JRE 1.5 or higher
(available from Sun’s Web site), and be sure to disable Microsoft’s Java
Virtual Machine if installed.
To connect to the access point, an IP address is required. If connected to the access point using the
WAN port, the default static IP address is 10.1.1.1. The default password is “
to the access point using the LAN port, the default setting is DHCP client. The user is required to know
the IP address to connect to the access point using a Web browser.
motorola.” If connected
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
System configuration topics include:
• Configuring System Settings
• Adaptive AP Setup
• Configuring Data Access
• Managing Certificate Authority (CA) Certificates
• Configuring SNMP Settings
• Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP)
• Logging Configuration
• Importing/Exporting Configurations
• Updating Device Firmware
4.1 Configuring System Settings
Use the System Settings screen to specify the name and location of the access point, assign an
email address for the network administrator, restore the AP’s default configuration or restart the AP.
To configure System Settings for the access point:
1. Select System Configuration -> System Settings from the access point menu tree.
System Configuration
4-3
2. Configure the access point System Settings field to assign a system name and location,
set the country of operation and view device version information.
System Name Specify a device name for the access point. Motorola recommends
selecting a name serving as a reminder of the user base the access
point supports (engineering, retail, etc.).
System Location Enter the location of the access point. The System Location
parameter acts as a reminder of where the AP can be found. Use
the System Name field as a specific identifier of device location.
Use the System Name and System Location fields together to
optionally define the AP name by the radio coverage it supports and
specific physical location. For example, “second floor engineering”
Admin Email Address Specify the AP administrator's email address.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Country The access point prompts the user for the correct country code after
AP-51xx Version The displayed number is the current version of the device firmware.
System Uptime Displays the current uptime of the access point defined in the
the first login. A warning message also displays stating that an
incorrect country setting will lead to an illegal use of the access
point. Use the pull-down menu to select the country of operation.
Selecting the correct country is extremely important. Each country
has its own regulatory restrictions concerning electromagnetic
emissions (channel range) and the maximum RF signal strength
transmitted. To ensure compliance with national and local laws, be
sure to set the Country field correctly.
If using the access point configuration file, CLI or MIB to configure
the access point’s country code, see Country Codes on page A-9.
Use this information to determine if the access point is running the
most recent firmware available from Motorola. Use the Firmware
Update screen to keep the AP’s firmware up to date. For more
information, see Updating Device Firmware on page 4-49.
System Name field. System Uptime is the cumulative time since
the access point was last rebooted or lost power.
Serial Number Displays the access point Media Access Control (MAC) address.
The access point MAC address is hard coded at the factory and
cannot be modified. The LAN and WAN port MAC addresses can be
located within the LAN and WAN Stats screens. For information on
locating the access point MAC addresses, see Viewing WAN
Statistics on page 7-2 and Viewing LAN Statistics on page 7-6.
AP Mode Displays the access point’s mode of operation to convey whether
the access point is functioning as a standalone access point
(Independent mode) or in Adaptive (thin AP) mode. If in Adaptive
mode, the access point attempts to discover a switch through one
or more of several mechanisms: DNS, DHCP, ICMP, CAPWAP or a
statically programmed IP address. For information on adaptive AP,
see, Adaptive AP on page 10-1.
3. Refer to the Factory Defaults field to restore either a full or partial default configuration.
CAUTION Restoring the access point’s configuration back to default settings
!
changes the administrative password back to “motorola.” If restoring
the configuration back to default settings, be sure you change the
administrative password accordingly.
System Configuration
4-5
Restore Default
Configuration
Restore Partial
Default Configuration
Select the Restore Default Configuration button to reset the
AP’s configuration to factory default settings. If selected, a
message displays warning the user the current configuration will
be lost if the default configuration is restored. Before using this
feature, Motorola recommends using the Config Import/Export
screen to export the current configuration for safekeeping, see
Importing/Exporting Configurations on page 4-44.
Select the Restore Partial Default Configuration button to
restore a default configuration with the exception of the current
LAN, WAN, SNMP settings and IP address used to launch the
browser. If selected, a message displays warning the user all
current configuration settings will be lost with the exception of
WAN and SNMP settings. Before using this feature, Motorola
recommends using the Config Import/Export screen to export the
current configuration for safekeeping, see Importing/Exporting
Configurations on page 4-44.
4. Use the Restart access point field to restart the AP (if necessary).
Restart AP-51xx Click the Restart access point button to reboot the AP. Restarting
the access point resets all data collection values to zero. Motorola
does not recommend restarting the AP during significant system
uptime or data collection activities.
CAUTION After a reboot, static route entries disappear from the AP Route Table
!
if a LAN Interface is set to DHCP Client. The entries can be retrieved
(once the reboot is done) by performing an Apply operation from the
WEB UI or a save operation from the CLI.
5. Click Apply to save any changes to the System Settings screen. Navigating away from the
screen without clicking the Apply button results in all changes to the screen being lost.
NOTE The Apply button is not needed for restoring the access point default
configuration or restarting the access point.
6. Click Undo Changes (if necessary) to undo any changes made. Undo Changes reverts the
settings displayed on the System Settings screen to the last saved configuration.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
7. Click Logout to securely exit the access point Access Point applet. A prompt displays
confirming the logout before the applet is closed.
4.2 Adaptive AP Setup
An access point needs settings defined to discover (and adopt) an available switch and establish a
connection and data tunnel. It’s through this switch adoption that the access point receives its
adaptive AP (AAP) configuration. With the 2.0 access point firmware release, a new screen has been
added to define the mechanisms used to adopt a switch and route AAP configuration information
NOTE For an AAP overview and a theoretical discussion of how an access point
discovers a switch to creates a secure data tunnel for adaptive AP
operation, see Adaptive AP on page 10-1.
NOTE AAP functionality is only supported on a Motorola WS5100 model switch
(running firmware version 3.1) or higher and a Motorola RFS7000 model
switch (running firmware version 1.1 or higher).
NOTE The Adaptive AP Setup screen does not display the AAP’s adoption status
or adopted switch. This information is available using the access point’s
CLI. To review AAP adoption status and adopted switch information, see
AP51xx>admin(system.aap-setup)>show on page 8-149.
.
To configure the access point’s switch discovery method and connection medium:
1. Select System Configuration -> Adaptive AP Setup from the menu tree.
System Configuration
4-7
2. Define the following to prioritize a switch connection scheme and AP interface used to adopt
to the switch.
Control Port Define the port used by the switch FQDN to transmit and receive
with the AAP. The default control port is 24576.
Switch FQDN Add a complete switch fully qualified domain name (FQDN) to add
a switch to the 12 available switch IP addresses available for
connection. The access point resolves the name to one or more IP
addresses if a DNS IP address is present. This method is used when
the access point fails to obtain an IP address using DHCP.
PSK Before the access point sends a packet requesting its mode and
configuration, the switch and the access point require a secure link
using a pre-shared key.
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AP-51xx Access Point Product Reference Guide
Auto Discovery Enable When the Auto Discovery Enable checkbox is selected, the
Switch Interface Use the Switch Interface drop-down menu to specify the
access point begins the switch discovery (adoption) process using
DHCP first, then a user provided domain name, lastly using static IP
addresses. This setting is disabled by default. When disabled, the
AP functions as a standalone access point without trying to adopt
a switch. Consequently, the access point will not be able to obtain
an AAP configuration. For an overview of AAP and instructions on
how to setup the AP and switch, see Adaptive AP Overview.
interface used by the switch for connectivity with the access point.
Options include LAN1, LAN2 and WAN. The default setting is
LAN1.
Enable AP-Switch
Tunnel
Keepalive The Keepalive interval defines a period (in seconds) the AAP uses
This setting is required to enable an IPSec VPN from the AAP to the
Wireless Switch.
to terminate its connection to the switch if no data is received.
3. Refer to the 12 available Switch IP Addresses to review the addresses the access point
uses to adopt with a switch.
The access point contacts each switch on the list (from top to bottom) until a viable switch
adoption is made. The access point first populates the list with the IP addresses received
from its DHCP resource. If DHCP is not able to obtain IP addresses, the access point attempts
to resolve the switch's Domain Name if provided within the Switch FQDN parameter.
However, if the access point receives one or more IP addresses from the DHCP server, it will
not solicit an IP address from a user provided domain name. Lastly, provide static (manually
provided) IP addresses to the list as long as there is room. The access point will defer to
these addresses if DHCP and a provided domain address fail to secure a switch adoption.
4. Click Apply to save any changes to the Adaptive AP Setup screen. Navigating away from
the screen without clicking the Apply button results in all changes to the screen being lost.
5. Click Undo Changes (if necessary) to undo any changes made. Undo Changes reverts the
settings displayed on the Adaptive AP Setup screen to the last saved configuration.
6. Click Logout to securely exit the access point Access Point applet. A prompt displays
confirming the logout before the applet is closed.
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