Mitsubishi S16R Operating Instructions Manual

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January 2011

Pub. No. 99240-36160

The operator and supervisor are requested to read this Oper-

ation and Maintenance Manual carefully before operating the

engine or conducting inspection and maintenance.

Never operate the engine or conduct maintenance work with-

out completely understanding this manual.

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

FOREWORD

This operation and maintenance manual contains detailed operation, inspection

and maintenance information for engines from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Please be forewarned that there are contents which are overlapping between the

chapters.

Please read this manual thoroughly before proceeding with operation, inspection,

and maintenance work for correct use and servicing.

Failure to follow directions in this manual may result in serious accidents.

Please observe the contents of the controls which are applied in the countries or

areas when using the engines from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

FOREWORD

LIMITED WARRANTY

If Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. examines the returned parts and any failure at manufacturing is found, Mitsubi-

shi Heavy Industries, Ltd. shall repair or exchange the parts.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.'s warranty is limited to the compensation work of repair or replacement of parts.

The warranty coverage is effective for the original purchaser only. Those to whom ownership is later transferred are

not provided with the warranty. However the warranty coverage is effective for the ultimate purchaser and each sub-

sequent purchaser for emission-related parts.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. makes no warranties, either expressed or implied,

except as provided in this manual, including, but not limited to, warranties as to market-

ability, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or use, or against infringement of

any patent.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. will not be liable for any damages or consequential

damages, including, but not limited to, damages or other costs resulting from any abuse,

misuse, misapplication of the engine and devices supplied from us.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. will not be liable for any damages or personal injuries

resulting from any modification, without our written permission, of the engine and

devices supplied from us.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. will not be liable for any damages or production losses

caused by the use of fuel, engine oil and/or long life coolant (LLC) that we are not recom-

mended.

The owner of the engine is responsible for the performance of the required maintenance

listed in this operation manual.

When performing the maintenance, follow the service manual published by Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. may deny the warranty coverage if the engine or part

has failed due to inadequate or improper maintenance.

iii

FOREWORD

EMISSION WARRANTY

Warranty &overage

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. warrants to the first owner and each subsequent purchaser of a new non-road die-

sel engine that the emission control system of your engine:

is designed, built and equipped so as to conform at the time of sales with all applicable regulation of the U.S. Envi-

ronmental Protection Agency. If the vehicle in which the engine is installed is registered in the state of California, a

separate California emission regulation also applies.

is free from the defects in material and workmanship which will cause the engine to fail to meet these regulations

within the warranty period.

Warranty 3eriod

Then its warranty period is 5 years or 3000 hours, whichever comes first.

However, if your engine warranty period is longer than the emission warranty period, the emission warranty period

extends to same as the engine warranty period.

Below warranty period shall begin on the date the engine is delivered to the first owner.

Warranted 3arts

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. warrants the parts which will increase the emission of pollutants when they

become defective.

The followings are examples.

Inlet/Exhaust manifold

Crankcase ventilation system

Fuel system

Limited :arranty

It conforms to "LIMITED WARRANTY" (page ii).

The following warranty applies to the engines that are approved of the emission regulation of the U.S. Environ-

mental Protection Agency.

FOREWORD

CALIFORNIA EMISSION CONTROL WARRANTY STATE-

MENT YOU WARRANTY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. are pleased to explain the

emission control system warranty on you 2011 or later engine. In California, new heavy-duty off-road engines

must be designed, built, and equipped to meet the State's stringent anti-smog standards. Mitsubishi Heavy

Industries, Ltd. must warrant the emission control system on your engine for the periods of time listed below

provided there has been no abuse, neglect or improper maint

enance of your engine.

Your emission control system may include parts such as the fuel-injection system and the air induction system. Also

included may be hoses, belts, connectors and other emission-related assemblies.

Where a warrantable condition exists, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. will repair your heavy-duty off-road engine

at no cost to you including diagnosis, parts, and labor.

Manufacurer's warranty coverage:

The 2011 and later h

eavy-duty off-road engines are warranted for the warranty period. If any emission-related part

on your engine is defective, the part will be repaired or replaced by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Owner's warranty responsiblities

As the heavy-duty off-road engine owner, you are responsible for the performance of the required maintenance

listed in your owner's manual. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. recommends that you retain all receipts covering

maintenance on your heavy-duty off-road engine, but Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. can not deny warranty sole-

ly for the lack of receipts

or for your failure to ensure the performance of all scheduled maintenance.

As the heavy-duty off-road engine owner, you should however be aware that Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. may

deny you warranty coverage if your heavy-duty off-road engine or a part has failed due to abuse, neglect, improper

maintenance or unapproved modifications.

Your engine is designed to operate on diesel fuel only. Use of any other fuel may result in your engine no longer

operating in compliance with California's emissions requirements.

You are responsible for initiating the warranty process. The Air Rexources Board suggests that you present your

heavy-duty off-road engine to a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. dealer or distributor dealer as soon as problem

exists. The warranty repairs will be completed by the dealer or distributor as expeditiously as possible.

If you have any questions regarding your warranty rights and responsibilities, you should contact Mitsubishi Engine North America at 1-630-268-0750.

The following warranty applies to the engines that are approved of the emission regulation of the California Air

Resources Board (CARB).

FOREWORD

Warranty coverage

(a) The warranty period shall begin on the date the engine or equipment is delivered to an ultimate purchaser.

(b) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. warrants to the ultimate purchaser and each subsequent purchaser of the en-

gine registered in the state of California that the engine is:

(1) Designed, built and equipped so as to conform with all applicable regulations adopted by the Air Resources

Board.

(2) Free from defects in materials and workmanship which cause the failure of a warranted part to be identical

in all material respects to the parts as described in Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.'s application for certifi-

cation for a period of 5 years or 3,000 hours of operation, whichever occurs first. In the absence of a device

to measure hours of use, the engine shall be warranted for a period of 5 years. For all engines rated less

than 19 kW, and for constant-speed engines rated under 37 kW with rated speeds higher than or equal to

3,000 min

-1

, the period of 2 years or 1,500 hours of operation, whichever occurs first, shall apply. In the ab-

sence of a device to measure hours of use, the engine shall be warranted for a period of 2 years.

(1) Any warranted part which is not scheduled for replacement as required maintenance in the written instruc-

tions required by Subsection (e) shall be warranted for the warranty period defined in Subsection (b) (2). If

any such part fails during the period of warranty coverage, it shall be repaired or replaced by Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd. according to Subsection (4) below. Any such part repaired or replaced under the war-

ranty shall be warranted for the remaining warranty period.

(2) Any warranted part which is scheduled only for regular inspection in the written instructions required by Sub-

section (e) shall be warranted for the warranty period defined in Subsection (b) (2). A statement in such writ-

ten instructions to the effect of "repair or replace as necessary" shall not reduce the period of warranty

coverage. Any such part repaired or replaced under the warranty shall be warranted for the remaining war-

ranty period.

(3) Any warranted part which is scheduled for replacement as required maintenance in the written instructions

required in Subsection (e) shall be warranted for the period of time prior to the first scheduled replacement

point for that part. If the part fails prior to the first scheduled replacement, the part shall be repaired or re-

placed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. according to Subsection (4) below. Any such part repaired or

replaced under warranty shall be warranted for the remainder of the period prior to the first scheduled re-

placement point for the part.

(4) Repair or replacement of any warranted part under the warranty provisions shall be performed at no charge

to the owner at a warranty station.

(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection (4) above, warranty services or repairs shall be provided at all

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. distribution centers that are franchised to service the subject engines.

(6) The owner shall not be charged for diagnostic labor that leads to the determination that a warranted part is

in fact defective, provided that such diagnostic work is performed at a warranty station.

(7) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. shall be liable for damages to other engine components proximately caused

by failure under warranty of any warranted part.

(8) Throughout the engine's warranty period defined in Subsection (b) (2), Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. shall

maintain a supply of warranted parts sufficient to meet the expected demand for such parts.

(9)

Any replacement part, as defined in Section 1900(b)(13), Title 13, may be used in the performance of any

maintenance or repairs and must be provided without charge to the owner. It is not necessary for replace-

ment parts to be the same brand or by the same manufacturer as the original part sold with the engine.

Such use shall not reduce the warranty obligations of the engine manufacturer.

FOREWORD

(10) Add-on or modified parts, as defined in Section 1900(b)(1) and (b)(10), Title 13, that are not exempted by

the Air Resources Board may not be used. The use of any non-exempted add-on or modified parts shall be

grounds for disallowing a warranty claim made in accordance with this article. The engine manufacturer

shall not be liable under this article to warrant failures of warranted parts caused by the use of a non-

exempted add-on or modified part.

(11) The Air Resources Board may request and, in such case, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. shall provide,

any documents which describe that Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.'s warranty procedures or policies.

(d) Warranted parts list.

(1) Fuel metering system

(A) Fuel injection system.

(B) Air/fuel ratio feedback and control system.

(2) Air induction system

(A) Controlled hot air intake system.

(B) Intake manifold.

(D) Turbocharger/supercharger systems.

(E) Charged air cooling systems.

(3) Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system

(A) EGR valve body, and carburetor spacer if applicable.

(B) EGR rate feedback and control system.

(4) Air injection system

(A) Air pump or pulse valve.

(B) Valves affecting distribution of flow.

(5) Catalyst or thermal reactor system

(A) Catalytic converter.

(B) Thermal reactor.

(6) Particulate controls

(A) Traps, filters, precipitators, and any other devices used to capture particulate emissions.

(B) Regenerators, oxidizers, fuel additive devices, and any other device used to regenerate or aid in the

regeneration of the particulate control device.

(D) Smoke puff limiters.

(7) Advances oxides of nitrogen (NOx) controls

(A) NOx absorbers.

(B) Lean NOx catalysts.

(D) Reductant (urea/fuel) containers/dispensing systems.

(8) Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system

(A) PCV valve.

(B) Oil filler cap

vii

FOREWORD

(9) Miscellaneous items used in above systems

(A) Vacuum, temperature, and time sensitive valves and switches.

(B) Electronic control units, sensors, solenoids, and wiring harnesses.

ing hardware.

(D) Pulleys, belts and idlers.

(E) Emission control information labels.

(F) Any other part with the primary purpose of reducing emissions or that can increase emission during fail-

ure without significantly degrading engine performance.

(e) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. shall furnish with each new engine written instructions for the maintenance and

use of the engine by the owner.

Limited warranty

Refer to "LIMITED WARRANTY" (Page ii).

viii

FOREWORD

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

To avoid the potential hazard, accident prevention

activities must be planned methodically and con-

ducted continually by considering all aspect of

engine operation, maintenance and inspection. All

related personnel, including managers and supervi-

sors, should actively participate, recognize their roles

and organize themselves and their work to ensure a

safe environment.

The foremost safety objective is to prevent accidents

which may result in injury or death, or equipment

damage.

Always observe laws or regulations of the local or

federal/national government.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. cannot foresee all

potential dangers of the engine, potential danger

resulting from human error and other causes, or dan-

ger caused by a specific environment in which the

engine is used. Since there are many actions that

cannot be performed or must not be performed, it is

impossible to indicate every caution in this manual or

on warning labels. As such, it is extremely important

to follow directions in this manual and also to take

general safety measures when operating, maintain-

ing and inspecting the engine.

When the engine is used by individuals whose native

language is not English, the customer is requested to

provide thorough safety guidance to the operators.

Also add safety, caution and operating signs that

describe the original warning label statements in the

native language of the operators.

The engine must be operated, maintained and

inspected only by qualified persons who have thor-

ough knowledge of engines and their dangers and

who also have received risk avoidance training.

To prevent an accident, do not attempt to carry out

any operation other than those described in this man-

ual, and do not use the engine for any unapproved

purpose.

When the ownership of the engine is transferred, be

sure to provide this manual with the engine to the

new owner. Also inform Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,

Ltd. of the name and address of the new owner of the

engine.

This manual is copyrighted and all rights are

reserved. No part of this manual, including illustra-

tions and technical references, may be photocopied,

translated, or reproduced in any electronic medium

or machine readable form without prior written con-

sent from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

The contents in this manual are subject to change at

any time without notice for improvement of the

engine.

Pictures or illustrations of the product in this manual

may differ from those of product you have. Please

note that, depending on specifications, items

described in this manual may differ from those on

your engine in shape, or may not be installed on your

engine.

Please contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Indus-

tries, Ltd. if you need more information or if you have

any questions.

If you lost or damaged this manual, obtain a new

copy at a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

as soon as possible.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. recommends the

engine owner to install an hour meter on the engine

due to monitor correct running intervals and to per-

form the maintenance at the appropriate timing.

FOREWORD

WARNING INDICATION

The following means are used to call the attention of the operators and maintenance personnel to potential dangers

of the engine.

Warning statements in the manual

Warning labels affixed on the engine

Warning 6tatements

The warning statements in this manual describe potential danger in operating, inspecting or maintaining the engine,

using the following five classifications to indicate the degree of potential hazard.

Failure to follow these directions could lead to serious accidents which could result in personal injury, or death in

the worst case.

Understand the directions well, and handle engines with following directions.

Indicates an immediately hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage.

Note: Indicates important information or information which is useful for engine operation.

FOREWORD

U1,76 2)0($685(0(17

Measurements are based on the International System of Units (SI), and they are converted to the metric system

units in this manual using the following conversion rates.

Pressure :1 MPa = 10.197 kgf/cm

Torque:1 N•m = 0.10197 kgf•m

Force:1 N = 0.10197 kgf

Horsepower:1 kW = 1.341 HP = 1.3596 PS

Meter of mercury:1 kPa = 0.75 cmHg

Meter of water:1 kPa = 10.197 cmH

2O (cmAq)

Rotation speed:1 min

-1

= 1 rpm

Kinetic viscosity:1 mm

/s = 1 cSt

ABBREVIATIONS, STANDARD AND OTHERS

 API = American Petroleum Institute

 ASTM = American Society for Testing and Materials

 ISO = International Organization for Standardization

 JIS = Japanese Industrial Standards

 LLC = Long Life Coolant

 MIL = Military Specifications and Standards

 MSDS = Material Safety Data Sheet

 SAE = Society of Automotive Engineers

CONTENTS-1

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Fire and Explosions.............................1-1

Keep Flames Away .......................................... 1-1

Always Swich the Water Heater ON

(Emergency generator with water heater)........ 1-1

Keep Engine Surrounding Area Tidy and Clean1-1

Ventilation of Engine Room.............................. 1-1

Do Not Open Side Cover Until Engine Cools... 1-1 Care for Fuel, Oil and Exhaust Gas Leakage .. 1-1

Use Explosion-proof Lighting Apparatus.......... 1-1

Prevent Electrical Wires From Short-circuiting. 1-1 Keep Fire Extinguishers and a First-aid Kit

Handy............................................................... 1-1

Stay Clear of All Rotating and Moving

Parts ....................................................1-2

Install Protective Covers Around Rotating Parts1-2

Check Work Area for Safety............................. 1-2

Stay Clear of Moving Parts While Engine is

Running............................................................ 1-2

Lockout and Tagout ......................................... 1-2

Keep Engine Stopped During Servicing........... 1-2

Always Restore Engine Turning Tools After Use1-2

Be Careful of Exhaust Fume Poisoning1-3

Operate Engine in a Well-ventilated Area........ 1-3

Protect Ears From Noise .....................1-3

Wear Ear Plugs ................................................ 1-3

Be Careful of Falling Down..................1-3

Lift Engine Carefully......................................... 1-3

Do Not Climb Onto the Engine......................... 1-3

Always Prepare Stable Scaffold....................... 1-3

Be Careful of Burns .............................1-4

Do Not Touch the Engine During or Immediately

After Operation................................................. 1-4

Refill Coolant Only After the Coolant Temperature

Dropped ........................................................... 1-4

Be careful of burns when changing oil ............. 1-4

Never Remove Heat Shields............................ 1-4

Be Careful of Opening and Closing Radiator

Cap .................................................................. 1-4

Do Not Touch High Pressure Injection Fuel..... 1-4

Be Careful When Handling Fuel, Engine

Oil or LLC ............................................1-5

Use Only Specified Fuel, Engine Oil and LLC . 1-5

Handle LLC Carefully ....................................... 1-5

Proper Disposal of Waste Oil, LLC and Coolant1-5

When Abnormality Occurs...................1-5

Do Not Add Coolant Immediately After a Sudden

Stop Due to Overheating.................................. 1-5

Stop Operation Immediately If You Notice Any

Unusual Symptoms .......................................... 1-5

Avoid Immediate Restart After Abnormal Stop. 1-5 Avoid Continuous Engine Operation at Low Oil

Pressure........................................................... 1-5

If Belt Breaks, Stop Engine Immediately .......... 1-5

Battery................................................. 1-6

Handle the Battery Correctly ............................ 1-6

Other Cautions.................................... 1-7

Never Modify Engine........................................ 1-7

Observe Safety Rules at Work Site.................. 1-7

Work Clothing and Protective Gear.................. 1-7

Never Break Seals ........................................... 1-7

Perform All Specified Pre-operation Inspections

and Periodic Inspections .................................. 1-7

Break-in the Engine.......................................... 1-7

Warm-up the Engine Before Use ..................... 1-7

Never Operate the Engine in an Overloaded

Condition .......................................................... 1-7

Conduct Cooling Operation Before Stopping the

Engine .............................................................. 1-8

Do Not Operate Engine Continuously Under Low

Load ................................................................. 1-8

Protection of the Engine Against Water Entry.. 1-8

Conduct Proper Maintenance of Air Cleaner....1-8

Use of Tools Optimum for Each Work.............. 1-8

Avoidance of Prolonged Time of Starter

Operation ......................................................... 1-8

Do Not Turn Off the Battery Switch During

Operation ......................................................... 1-8

Cautionary Instructions for Transporting the

Engine .............................................................. 1-8

Warning Labels ................................... 1-9

Maintenance of Warning Labels....................... 1-9

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Engine External Diagrams .................. 2-1

Left Side ........................................................... 2-1

Right Side......................................................... 2-1

Equipment and Instrument.................. 2-2

Start and Stop Instrument ................................ 2-2

Instruments ...................................................... 2-3

Engine Protection Devices.................. 2-4

Oil Pressure Switch.......................................... 2-4

Thermo Switch ................................................. 2-4

CONTENTS

CONTENTS-2

Oil Filter Alarm Switch...................................... 2-4

Revolution Detection Pickup ............................ 2-5

Air Cleaner Indicator ........................................ 2-5

Using Turning Gear .............................2-6

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Operational Environment.....................3-1

Preparation for Operating New or

Overhauled Engine..............................3-1

Preparation of Fuel System.............................. 3-1

Preparation of Lubrication System ................... 3-4

Preparation of Cooling System ........................ 3-5

Preparation of Electrical System ...................... 3-6

Test Operation ................................................. 3-7

Normal Engine Operation....................3-8

Preparations for Operation ..................3-8

Engine External - Inspect................................. 3-8

Fuel Tank Oil Level - Check............................. 3-9

Fuel Control Link - Check................................. 3-9

Engine Oil Level - Check.................................. 3-9

Coolant Level - Check.................................... 3-10

Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging ................... 3-10

Air Tank - Drain Water ................................... 3-10

Air Tank Air Pressure - Check........................ 3-11

Temperature of Damper - Check ................... 3-11

Start...................................................3-12

Warming-up Operation ......................3-12

Checking Engine Oil Pressure ....................... 3-12

External Inspection During Warm-up ............. 3-12

Run....................................................3-13

Cautions During Operation............................. 3-13

Inspection During Operation .......................... 3-13

Stop ...................................................3-14

Emergency Stop............................................. 3-14

Inspection After Stopping ............................... 3-14

Chapter 4 FUEL

Recommended Fuel ............................4-1

Handling Fuel ......................................4-1

Fuel Specification ................................4-2

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Recommended Engine Oil .................. 5-1

Engine Oil Grade ................................ 5-1

Engine Oil Specification ...................... 5-2

Selection of Oil Viscosity..................... 5-3

Handling Engine Oil ............................ 5-3

Service Limits of Engine Oil ................ 5-4

Definition of Properties of Engine Oil .. 5-5

Kinetic Viscosity ............................................... 5-5

Base Number ................................................... 5-5

Acid Number .................................................... 5-5

Water Content .................................................. 5-5

Flash Point ....................................................... 5-5

Insoluble........................................................... 5-5

Engine Oil Analysis Service ................ 5-6

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Recommended Water for Coolant ...... 6-1

Long Life Coolant (LLC)...................... 6-1

Genuine LLC....................................... 6-1

Other Brand LLCs ............................... 6-2

Standard for Other Brand LLC ............ 6-2

General Demands of LLC ................................ 6-2

LLC Specification ............................................. 6-3

Maintenance of LLC............................ 6-6

Replacement Intervals of LLC .......................... 6-6

LLC Concentration ........................................... 6-6

Importance of LLC .............................. 6-7

Characteristics of LLC Additive and

Important Notes .................................. 6-7

Examples of Abnormalities Caused by LLC

(Amine Type) ...................................... 6-7

Pitting of Iron Parts........................................... 6-7

Corrosion of Aluminum Parts ........................... 6-7

Pitting and Clogging of the Heat Exchange Equip-

ment ................................................................. 6-7

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

How to Use the Maintenance Schedule7-1

General Definition of Engine ............... 7-2

CONTENTS-3

CONTENTS

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Regular

Use Engine..........................................7-3

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency

Engine .................................................7-5

Periodic Maintenance Chart for General

Purpose Engine...................................7-9

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Basic Engine........................................8-1

Engine External - Inspect................................. 8-1

Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust ...... 8-2

Damper - Inspect.............................................. 8-4

Fuel System.........................................8-6

Fuel System - Inspect ...................................... 8-6

Fuel Tank - Clean............................................. 8-6

Fuel Tank - Drain Water................................... 8-6

Water Separator - Drain Water ........................ 8-7

Water Separator Element - Replace ................ 8-7

Gauze Filter - Clean ......................................... 8-8

Fuel Filter - Replace......................................... 8-9

Fuel Control Link Ball Joint - Inspect.............. 8-10

Fuel Pipe - Inspect ......................................... 8-11

Lubricating System............................8-12

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter

- Replace........................................................ 8-12

Engine Oil for Mixing of Fuel and Water

- Inspect ......................................................... 8-14

Governor Oil Filter - Change .......................... 8-15

Oil Pipe - Inspect............................................ 8-15

Cooling System .................................8-16

Coolant - Change ........................................... 8-16

Radiator Fins - Check and Clean ................... 8-18

Inlet and Exhaust Systems................8-19

Turbocharger - Inspect................................... 8-19

Exhaust Muffler - Drain Water........................ 8-19

Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging ................... 8-20

Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and

Replace.......................................................... 8-21

Electrical System...............................8-23

Starter - Inspect.............................................. 8-24

Alternator - Inspect......................................... 8-24

Air Starter System .............................8-25

Air Strainer - Drain Water and Clean ............. 8-25

Air Tank - Drain Water ................................... 8-25

Air Tank - Inspect Safety Valve Operation ..... 8-26

Chapter 9 LONG-TERM STORAGE

Storing the Engine in an Inoperable

Condition for 3 Months or More .......... 9-1

Preparation for Storage.................................... 9-1

Maintenance During Storage ........................... 9-1

Using the Engine After Storage........................ 9-2

Storing the Engine in an Operable

Condition for 3 Months or More .......... 9-2

Operating the Engine for Maintenance ............ 9-2

Chapter 10 TRANSPORTATION

Lifting the Engine .............................. 10-1

Chapter 11 TROUBLESHOOTING

General Precautions ......................... 11-1

Contact a Dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,

Ltd. for Repair Service ................................... 11-1

Considerations Before Work .......................... 11-1

Cautions Against Contamination .................... 11-1

Cautions Regarding Parts Handling ............... 11-1

Safety Work.................................................... 11-1

Case of Problems, and Conceivable

Causes and Remedies...................... 11-2

The Starter Does Not Crank or Cranks Slowly,

Resulting in Start Failure................................ 11-2

The Starter Cranks, but the Engine Does Not

Start................................................................ 11-3

Output Decrease ............................................ 11-4

Exhaust Smoke is White or Blue .................... 11-5

Exhaust Smoke is Black or Charcoal ............. 11-6

Fuel Consumption is High .............................. 11-7

Engine Oil Consumption is High .................... 11-8

Overheating.................................................... 11-9

Low Engine Oil Pressure................................ 11-9

When Fuel has Run Out ................. 11-10

Chapter 12 MAIN SPECIFICATIONS

Main Specifications ........................... 12-1

CONTENTS

CONTENTS-4

List of illustrations

Fig. 1-1 Warning labels...................................... 1-9

Fig. 2-1 Engine Left Side View ......................... 2-1

Fig. 2-2 Engine Right Side View ....................... 2-1

Fig. 2-3 Start Switch and Stop Switch .............. 2-2

Fig. 2-4 Manual Stop Lever .............................. 2-2

Fig. 2-5 Stop Solenoid ...................................... 2-2

Fig. 2-6 Oil Pressure Unit ................................. 2-3

Fig. 2-7 Thermo Unit ......................................... 2-3

Fig. 2-8 Revolution Detection Pickup ............... 2-3

Fig. 2-9 Oil Pressure Switch ............................. 2-4

Fig. 2-10 Thermo Switch .................................... 2-4

Fig. 2-11 Oil Filter Alarm Switch ......................... 2-4

Fig. 2-12 Revolution Detection Pickup ............... 2-5

Fig. 2-13 Air Cleaner Indicator ............................ 2-5

Fig. 2-14 Manual Turning Gear Position

(While Engine is Running) ................... 2-6

Fig. 2-15 Manual Turning Gear Position

(When Pushing Shaft in) ..................... 2-6

Fig. 2-16 Turning Gear Position

(When Turning Shaft) .......................... 2-6

Fig. 3-1 Priming Pump - Handle ........................ 3-2

Fig. 3-2 Fuel Filter - Bleed Air............................ 3-2

Fig. 3-3 Fuel Injection Pump - Bleed Air ........... 3-2

Fig. 3-4 Priming Pump Tightening Method ....... 3-3

Fig. 3-5 Priming Pump Head Packing .............. 3-3

Fig. 3-6 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge .............. 3-4

Fig. 3-7 Pouring Engine Oil on Valve Mechanisms

and Chamber ....................................... 3-4

Fig. 3-8 Radiator Cap ........................................ 3-5

Fig. 3-9 Coolant Drain Cock (Engine)................ 3-5

Fig. 3-10 Coolant Drain Cock (Water Pump) ....... 3-5

Fig. 3-11 Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect ....... 3-6

Fig. 3-12 Valves for open/closed position

- Check ................................................ 3-8

Fig. 3-13 Fuel Control Link - Check .................... 3-9

Fig. 3-14 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge .............. 3-9

Fig. 3-15 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging ....... 3-10

Fig. 3-16 Air Tank - Drain Water........................ 3-11

Fig. 3-17 Starting Air Tank Air Pressure

- Check ............................................... 3-11

Fig. 3-18 Thermo label of damper ......................3-12

Fig. 3-19 Manual Stop Lever .............................3-15

Fig. 5-1 Engine Oil Grade...................................5-1

Fig. 5-2 Selection of Oil Viscosity.......................5-3

Fig. 6-1 GLASSY - LLC ......................................6-1

Fig. 8-1 Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and

Adjust ....................................................8-2

Fig. 8-2 Damper - Check Visually.......................8-4

Fig. 8-3 Damper Temperature Management ......8-5

Fig. 8-4 Fuel Tank - Drain Water ........................8-6

Fig. 8-5 Water Separator - Drain Water..............8-7

Fig. 8-6 Water Separator Element - Replace .....8-7

Fig. 8-7 Gauze Filter - Clean ..............................8-8

Fig. 8-8 Fuel Filter - Replace ..............................8-9

Fig. 8-9 Fuel Filter ..............................................8-9

Fig. 8-10 Ball Joints For Looseness - Inspect ....8-10

Fig. 8-11 Fuel Control Link - Remove.................8-10

Fig. 8-12 High Pressure Fuel Injection Pipe and

Clamp Seat - Inspect and Replace .....8-11

Fig. 8-13 Low Pressure Fuel Pipe and Clip

- Inspect ..............................................8-11

Fig. 8-14 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge .............8-13

Fig. 8-15 Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter

- Replace.............................................8-14

Fig. 8-16 Oil Filter...............................................8-14

Fig. 8-17 Governor oil filter - Drain .....................8-15

Fig. 8-18 Governor oil filter - Change .................8-15

Fig. 8-19 Oil Pipe and Clip - Inspect and

Replace ...............................................8-15

Fig. 8-20 Radiator Cap .......................................8-16

Fig. 8-21 Coolant Drain Cock (Engine)...............8-16

Fig. 8-22 Coolant Drain Cock (Water Pump) ......8-17

Fig. 8-23 Radiator fins - Clean ...........................8-18

Fig. 8-24 Turbocharger - Inspect .......................8-19

Fig. 8-25 Draining Water From the Exhaust

Muffler .................................................8-19

Fig. 8-26 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging ........8-20

Fig. 8-27 Air Cleaner Element - Remove............8-21

Fig. 8-28 Air Cleaner Element - Clean and

Check ..................................................8-21

Fig. 8-29 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging ........8-22

CONTENTS-5

CONTENTS

Fig. 8-30 Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect ..... 8-23

Fig. 8-31 Specific Gravity of Battery Electrolyte

- Check ............................................... 8-23

Fig. 8-32 Starter - Inspect.................................. 8-24

Fig. 8-33 Alternator - Inspect............................. 8-24

Fig. 8-34 Air Strainer - Drain Water and Clean . 8-25

Fig. 8-35 Air tank - Drain water.......................... 8-25

Fig. 10-1 Hanger................................................ 10-1

Fig. 10-2 Engine's center of gravity

(standard specification) ...................... 10-1

List of tables

Table 3-1 Inspection During Operation..................3-14

Table 4-1 Recommended Fuel ................................4-1

Table 4-2 Recommended Limit and Use Limit of

Fuel Property ...........................................4-2

Table 5-1 Table of Recommended Limit of Engine

Oil Properties...........................................5-2

Table 5-2 Table of engine oil properties ..................5-4

Table 6-1 Water Quality Standards .........................6-1

Table 6-2 LLC Specification.....................................6-3

Table 6-3 Recommended LLC Concentration .........6-6

Table 7-1 Periodic Maintenance Chart for

Regular Use Engine ................................7-3

Table 7-2 Periodic Maintenance Chart for

Emergency Engine ..................................7-5

Table 7-3 Periodic Maintenance Chart for

General Purpose Engine .........................7-9

Table 8-1 Ribbed Belt Tension Force......................8-3

Table 8-2 Damper Temperature Management ........8-4

Table 8-3 Thermo Label for Temperature

Management............................................8-5

Table 8-4 Specific gravity of electrolyte.................8-23

Table 9-1 Recommended Rust-preventive Oil and

Corrosion Inhibitor ...................................9-1

Table 11-1 The Starter Does Not Crank or Cranks

Slowly, Resulting in Start Failure...........11-2

Table 11-2 The Starter Cranks, but the Engine

Does Not Start.......................................11-3

Table 11-3 Output decrease....................................11-4

Table 11-4 Exhaust Smoke is White or Blue ...........11-5

Table 11-5 Exhaust Smoke is Black or Charcoal ....11-6

Table 11-6 Fuel Consumption is High .....................11-7

Table 11-7 Engine oil Consumption is High.............11-8

Table 11-8 Overheating...........................................11-9

Table 11-9 Low Engine Oil Pressure.......................11-9

Table 12-1 Main Specifications................................12-1

1-1

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Fire and Explosions

Keep Flames Away

Do not use flames near the engine (in

the engine room). Fuel gas vapor or

other gas can catch fire and produce

dangerous situations.

Wipe off spilled fuel, oil and LLC

immediately and thoroughly. Spilled fuel, oil and LLC

may ignite and cause a fire.

Store fuel and engine oil in a well-ventilated area.

Make sure that the caps of fuel and engine oil contain-

ers are tightly closed.

Always Swich the Water Heater ON (Emergency generator with water heater)

Always swich the water heater ON (automatic mode)

through a whole year.

If the switch is not ON (automatic mode), each cylin-

der varies considerably in combustion at the starting

up the engine. Unburned fuel may explode in the

exhaust pipe.

Keep Engine Surrounding Area Tidy and Clean

Do not leave combustible or explosive materials, such

as fuel, engine oil and LLC, near the engine. Such

substances can cause fire or explosion.

Remove dust, dirt and other foreign materials accu-

mulated on the engine and surrounding parts thor-

oughly. Such materials can cause fire or the engine to

overheat. In particular, clean the top surface of the

battery thoroughly. Dust can cause a short-circuit.

Ventilation of Engine Room

Always provide adequate ventilation in the engine

room. Insufficient air in the room can cause an

increase in the engine temperature and a decrease in

the output power and performance. It is highly recom-

mended to calculate the required amount of air supply

to the engine and install an adequate ventilation sys-

tem before installing the engine.

Do Not Open Side Cover Until Engine Cools

Do not attempt to open the side cover of the crank-

case before the engine cools down. Wait at least 10

minutes after stopping the engine.

Opening the cover when the engine is hot allows fresh

air to flow into the crankcase, which can cause oil mist

to ignite and explode.

Care for Fuel, Oil and Exhaust Gas Leakage

If any fuel, oil or exhaust gas leaks are found, immedi-

ately stop the engine and take corrective measures to

stop leakage.

Such leakages, if left uncorrected, can cause fuel or

engine oil to reach hot engine surfaces or hot exhaust

gas to contact flammable materials, possibly leading

to personal injury and/or damage to equipment.

Use Explosion-proof Lighting Apparatus

When inspecting fuel, engine oil, coolant, battery elec-

trolyte, etc., use a flameproof light. An ordinary light-

ing apparatus may ignite gas and cause it to explode.

Prevent Electrical Wires From Short-circuiting

Avoid inspecting or servicing the electrical system with

the ground cable connected to the battery. Otherwise,

a fire could result from short-circuiting. Be sure to dis-

connect the battery cable from the negative (-) termi-

nal before beginning with the work procedure.

Short-circuits, possibly resulting in fire, may be

caused by a loose terminal or damaged cable/wire.

Inspect the terminals, cables and wires, and repair or

replace the faulty parts before beginning with the ser-

vice procedure.

Keep Fire Extinguishers and a First-aid Kit Handy

Keep fire extinguishers handy, and

become familiar with their usage.

Keep a first-aid kit at the designated

place where it is easily accessible by

anyone at any time.

Establish response procedures to follow in the event

of fire or accident. Provide an emergency evacuation

route and contact points and means of communication

in case of emergency.

1-2

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Stay Clear of All Rotating and Moving Parts

Install Protective Covers Around Rotating Parts

Make sure the protective covers of

the engine are correctly installed.

Repair any damaged or loose covers.

Never remove the covers such as

damper cover, camshaft cover, or

rocker cover that enclose the revolving parts during

operation.

When the engine is coupled to driven equipment, be

sure to provide protective covers over the parts such

as the connecting belts and couplings that are

exposed.

Never remove protective covers.

Check Work Area for Safety

Before starting the engine, make sure no one is near

the engine and tools are not left on or near the engine.

Verbally notify persons within the immediate area

when starting the engine.

When the starter device is posted with a sign that pro-

hibits startup operation, do not operate the engine.

Stay Clear of Moving Parts While Engine is Running

Stay away from rotating or sliding

parts of the engine while the engine is

running. Put objects, which might be

easily caught by rotating parts, away

from rotating parts.

If any part of the clothing or outfitting is caught by a

rotating part, serious bodily injuries could result.

Lockout and Tagout

Be sure to lockout and tagout before starting inspec-

tion and maintenance.

Lockout and tagout are effective methods of cutting off

machines and equipment from energy sources.

To accomplish the lockout/tagout, remove the starter

switch key, set the battery switch to OFF and attach a

"Do Not Run" or similar caution tag to the starter

switch.

The starter switch key must be kept by the person

who performs inspection and maintenance during the

work.

In the case of pneumatic starting type, close the main

valve of the air tank and post a tag saying "Do Not

Open the Valve" or the like.

Keep Engine Stopped During Servicing

Be sure to stop the engine before proceeding to

inspection and service procedure. Never attempt to

make adjustments on the engine parts while the

engine is running.

Rotating parts such as belt can entangle your body

and cause serious injuries.

Always Restore Engine Turning Tools After Use

Be sure to remove all turning tools used during main-

tenance and inspection work. Remember also that the

manual turning gear shaft must be pulled out before

starting the engine.

Starting the engine with the turning tools inserted or

with the turning gear in engagement can lead to not

only engine damage but also personal injuries.

1-3

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Be Careful of Exhaust Fume Poisoning

Operate Engine in a Well-ventilated Area

Check the exhaust pipes and where

the pipes joint together for gas leaks.

Exhaust gas from the engine contains

carbon monoxide and other harmful

substances. Operating the engine in

an poorly-ventilated area can produce gas poisoning.

Protect Ears From Noise

Wear Ear Plugs

Always wear ear plugs when entering

the machine room (engine room).

Combustion sound and mechanical

noise generated by the engine can

cause hearing problems.

Be Careful of Falling Down

Lift Engine Carefully

To lift the engine, use slings capable

of supporting the weight of the

engine.

Attach the wire rope to the hangers

provided on the engine using a cor-

rect sling.

During lifting process, keep the engine in a well-bal-

anced position by taking the center of gravity of the

engine into consideration.

The hangers equipped with the engine are designed

for lifting the engine only. When mounting generator

on the engine, use the special hanger of common bed.

Hangers of engine cannot be used. When mounting

marine gear on the engine, be sure not to apply the

load on the hangers of engine only.

Keep the angle formed by slings attached to hangers

within 60°. If the angle exceeds this limit, excessive

load could be imposed on the hangers and this could

damage the hangers and result in a serious accident.

If the wire rope contacts the engine directly, place a

cloth or other soft padding to avoid damage to the

engine and wire rope.

Do Not Climb Onto the Engine

Do not climb onto the engine, nor step on any engine

parts located on the lateral sides.

To work on parts located on the upper section of

engine, use a ladder, stool, etc., that was firmly

secured.

Climbing on the engine may not only damage engine

parts but also cause falling down from the engine and

result in personal injuries.

Always Prepare Stable Scaffold

When working on the upper part of

the engine and other hard-to-reach

places, use a stable work platform.

Standing on a decrepit stool or parts

box may result in personal injury.

Do not place any unnecessary objects on a work plat-

form.

1-4

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Be Careful of Burns

Do Not Touch the Engine During or Immediately After Operation

To avoid burns, do not touch the

engine during or immediately after

operation.

A hot engine can cause burns.

To conduct maintenance and inspec-

tion work, wait until the engine has cooled sufficiently

by checking the temperature gauge.

Refill Coolant Only After the Coolant Temperature Dropped

When adding coolant, check that the coolant tempera-

ture lowers sufficiently with temperature gauge. Add-

ing coolant immediately after the engine stops may

result in burns.

Be careful of burns when changing oil

Wear gloves when draining oil or changing oil filters. If

hot oil or parts touch your skin, it may cause burns.

Never Remove Heat Shields

The inlet and exhaust system, which becomes

extremely hot while the engine is operating, is pro-

vided with various heat shields. Do not remove these

heat shields. If any of these heat shields have been

removed owing to unavoidable circumstances during

the work, be sure to restore them after the work is

completed.

Be Careful of Opening and Closing Radiator Cap

Never open the radiator cap while the engine is run-

ning or immediately after the engine is stopped. To

open the cap, stop the engine and allow the coolant

temperature to lower sufficiently.

To open the radiator cap, open slowly to discharge the

pressure inside the tank. Also to avoid a risk of getting

scalded by steam, wear thick rubber gloves or wrap a

cloth around the cap.

When closing the radiator cap, be sure to tighten

securely.

The coolant is hot while engine is running and immedi-

ately after the engine stops. If the cap is opened when

the coolant is at operating temperature, steam and hot

coolant may blow out and result in burns.

Do Not Touch High Pressure Injection Fuel

If fuel leaks or sprays out from the high pressure injec-

tion pipe, do not touch the fuel.

Fuel in the fuel injection pipes is under high pressure

and if the fuel contact your skin, it goes into deep tis-

sues and may result gangrene.

1-5

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Be Careful When Handling Fuel, Engine Oil or LLC

Use Only Specified Fuel, Engine Oil and LLC

Use fuel, oil and LLC specified in this manual, and

handle them carefully.

Use of any other fuel gas, oil or LLC than the specified

ones, or improper handling may cause various engine

problems and malfunctions.

Obtain the MSDS issued by the oil and LLC suppliers,

and follow the directions in the MSDSs for proper han-

dling.

Handle LLC Carefully

When handling LLC, always wear rubber gloves and a

protective face mask. If LLC or cooling water contain-

ing LLC comes into contact with your skin or eyes, or if

it is swallowed, you would suffer from inflammation,

irritation or poisoning.

Should LLC be accidentally swallowed, induce vomit-

ing immediately and seek medical attention. Should

LLC enter your eyes, flush them immediately with

plenty of water and seek medical attention. If LLC

splashes onto your skin or clothing, wash it away

immediately with plenty of water.

Keep flames away from LLC. LLC is highly flammable

and can easily catch a fire if exposed to a flame.

Proper Disposal of Waste Oil, LLC and Coolant

Do not discharge waste engine oil, LLC and coolant

into sewerage, river, lake or other similar places. Such

a way of disposal is strictly prohibited by laws and reg-

ulations.

Dispose of waste oil, LLC and coolant and other envi-

ronmentally hazardous waste in accordance with the

applicable law and regulations.

When Abnormality Occurs

Do Not Add Coolant Immediately After a Sudden Stop Due to Overheating

If the engine stops suddenly or if you have no choice

but stop the engine suddenly due to overheating, do

not add coolant immediately.

Adding water while the engine is hot can damage

parts such as cylinder heads due to a sudden drop of

temperature. Add coolant gradually after the engine

has completely cooled.

Stop Operation Immediately If You Notice Any Unusual Symptoms

Stop the operation immediately if you notice any

unusual noise, odor or vibration during operation. In

case of emergency, press the emergency stop button

to stop the engine. Contact your local dealer if the

cause of problem cannot be located after stopping the

generator. Continuous operation neglecting an

unusual symptom could cause serious or fatal acci-

dent.

Avoid Immediate Restart After Abnormal Stop

If the engine stops abnormally, do not restart the

engine immediately. If the engine stops with an alarm,

check and remedy the cause of the problem before

restarting. Sustained use of the engine without any

remedy could result in serious engine problems.

Avoid Continuous Engine Operation at Low Oil Pressure

If an abnormal engine oil pressure drop is indicated,

stop the engine immediately, and inspect the lubrica-

tion system to locate the cause. Continuous engine

operation with low oil pressure could cause bearings

and other parts to seize.

If Belt Breaks, Stop Engine Immediately

If the belt breaks, stop the engine immediately and

replace the belt. Sustained use of the engine without

any remedy could cause defective charge and cooling

failure, and result in serious engine problems.

1-6

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Battery

Handle the Battery Correctly

Never use flames or allow sparks to

generate near the battery. The bat-

tery releases flammable hydrogen

gas and oxygen gas. Any flames or

sparks in the vicinity could cause an

explosion.

Do not use the battery when the battery electrolyte

level is below the "LOWER LEVEL" mark. Sustained

use of the battery could result in an explosion.

Do not short the battery terminals with a tool or other

metal object.

When removing battery, always remove the plug from

the negative (-) terminal first. When connecting bat-

tery, always connect the plug to the positive (+) termi-

nal first.

Remove all plugs, then charge the battery in a well

ventilated area.

Make sure the cable clamps are securely installed on

the battery terminals. A loose cable clamp can cause

sparks that may result in an explosion.

Before servicing electrical components or conducting

electric welding, set the battery switch to [Open/OFF]

position or remove the plug from the negative (-) ter-

minal to cut off the electrical current.

Battery electrolyte contains dilute sulfuric acid. Care-

less handling of the battery can cause the loss of sight

and/or skin burns. Also, do not swallow the battery

electrolyte.

Wear protective goggles and rubber gloves when

working with the battery (e.g. adding water, charging

battery).

If battery electrolyte is spilled onto the skin or clothing,

immediately wash it away with lots of water. Use soap

to thoroughly clean.

The battery electrolyte can cause the loss of sight if

splashing into the eyes. If it gets into the eyes, imme-

diately flush it away with plenty of clean water, and

seek immediate medical attention.

If you accidentally swallow battery electrolyte, gargle

with plenty of water and then drink lots of water, and

seek immediate medical attention.

1-7

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Other Cautions

Never Modify Engine

Unauthorized modification of the engine will void our

warranty.

Modification of the engine may not only cause engine

damage but also produce personal injuries.

If there is a need to modify the engine, contact a

dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Observe Safety Rules at Work Site

Observe the safety rules established at your work-

place when operating and maintaining the engine.

Do not operate the engine if you are not feeling well,

and inform your supervisor of your condition. Opera-

tion of the engine with reduced awareness may cause

improper operation that could result in accidents.

When working in a team for two or more people, use

specified hand signals to communicate among work-

ers.

Work Clothing and Protective Gear

Wear a hardhat, face shield, safety shoes, dust mask,

gloves, ear plugs and other protective gear as

needed. When handling compressed air, wear safety

goggles, a hardhat, gloves and other necessary pro-

tective gear. Working without wearing proper protec-

tive gear could result in serious injuries.

Never Break Seals

To ensure proper engine operation, the fuel control

links are sealed to prevent accidental change of the

injection volume and rotation speed settings. If the

seal is tampered, no guarantee will be provided. If the

seal is tampered, the defects shown below can occur.

 Rapid wear of sliding and rotating parts

 Engine damage such as seizing of engine parts

 Considerably increased consumption of fuel and lu-

bricating oil

 Degradation of engine performance due to improper

balance between fuel injection volume and governor

operation or overrunning of the engine which could re-

sult in a serious accident.

Perform All Specified Pre-operation Inspections and Periodic Inspections

Conduct the pre-operation inspections and periodic

inspections as described in this manual.

Failure to conduct the specified inspections may

cause various engine problems, damage to parts, and

serious accidents.

Break-in the Engine

To break-in new engines or overhauled engines, oper-

ate the engine at a speed lower than the rated speed

in a light load condition during the first 50 hours of

operation.

Operating new engines or overhauled engines in a

severe condition during the break-in period shortens

the service life of the engine.

Warm-up the Engine Before Use

After starting the engine, run the engine at a low idling

speed for 5 to 10 minutes for warming-up. Start the

work after this operation is completed. Warm-up oper-

ation circulates the lubricant around the engine, and

thereby, individual engine parts are well lubricated

before they are subjected to heavy loads.

Warm-up operation circulates lubricant oil around the

engine and contributes to a longer service life and

economical operation.

Do not conduct warm-up operation for prolonged

period of time. Prolonged warm-up operation causes

carbon build-up in the cylinders that leads to incom-

plete combustion.

Never Operate the Engine in an Overloaded Condition

If the engine shows an overloaded condition such as

black exhaust smoke, reduce the load immediately to

operate the engine at an appropriate output and load.

Overloading causes not only high fuel consumption

but also excessive carbon deposits inside the engine.

Carbon deposits cause various problems and will

shorten the service life of the engine.

1-8

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Conduct Cooling Operation Before Stopping the Engine

Before stopping the engine, idle the engine in low gear

for 5 to 6 minutes to cool down.

Stopping the engine immediately after high-load oper-

ation will cause engine parts to heat up and shorten

the service life of the engine.

During cooling operation, check the engine for abnor-

malities.

Do Not Operate Engine Continuously Under Low Load

When operating the engine with less than 30 % of

rated load, limit each operation to an hour. Prolonged

warm-up operation causes carbon build-up in the cyl-

inders that leads to incomplete combustion. Operate

the engine with a 30 % of rated load or more for over 5

minutes to prevent carbon build-up after one hour

continuous operation is conducted.

Protection of the Engine Against Water Entry

Do not allow rainwater, etc. to enter the engine

through the air inlet or exhaust openings.

Do not wash the engine while it is operating. Cleaning

fluid (water) can be sucked into the engine.

Starting the engine with water inside the combustion

chambers can cause the water hammer action which

may result in internal engine damage and serious

accidents.

Conduct Proper Maintenance of Air Cleaner

Maintain the engine with air cleaner according to the

following instructions.

Never service the air cleaner while the engine is run-

ning. The turbocharger may suck particles of foreign

materials into the engine and could result in serious

accidents.

Remove the air cleaner slowly to prevent foreign ma-

terials accumulated on the element from falling off. Af-

ter removing the air cleaner, immediately cover the air

inlet with plastic sheet or similar means to prevent for-

eign materials from entering the engine.

Use of Tools Optimum for Each Work

Always keep in mind to select most appropriate tools

for the work to be performed and use them correctly. If

tools are damaged, replace them with new tools.

Avoidance of Prolonged Time of Starter Operation

Do not use the starter for more than 10 seconds at a

time. If the engine does not start, wait for at least 1

minute before cranking again.

Continuous operation of the starter will drain the bat-

tery power and cause the starter to seize.

Do Not Turn Off the Battery Switch During Operation

Do not turn off the battery switch during operation.

If the battery switch is turned OFF when the engine is

running, not only various meters will stop working but

also the alternator may have its diode and transistor

deteriorated.

Cautionary Instructions for Transporting the Engine

When transporting the engine on a truck, consider the

engine weight, width and height to ensure safety.

Abide by road traffic law, road vehicles act, vehicle

restriction ordinance and other pertinent laws.

1-9

Chapter 1 BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Warning Labels

Maintenance of Warning Labels

Make sure all warning/caution labels are legible. Clean or replace the warning/caution labels when the description and/or illustration are not clear to read. For cleaning the warning/caution labels, use a cloth, water and soap. Do not use cleaning solvents, gasoline or other chemicals to prevent the letters from getting blurred or the adhesion from being weakened. Replace damaged or fractured labels with new ones. If any engine part on which a warning label is attached is replaced with a new one, attach a new identical warning label to the new part. To obtain new warning labels, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Fig. 1-1 Warning labels

2-1

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Engine External Diagrams

Left Side

Fig. 2-1 Engine Left Side View

Right Side

Fig. 2-2 Engine Right Side View

Turbocharger

Fuel injection pump

Coolant drain cock

Fuel feed pump

Starter

Fuel return port

Fuel inlet

Oil filler

Oil level gauge

Oil cooler

Bypass oil filter

Damper

Fan

Breather

Fuel filter

Rear hanger

Rear

Front

Front hanger

Oil filter

Governor actuator

Alternator

Water pump

Cooling water inlet

Oil pump

Oil cooler

Oil pan

Fuel filter

Fuel feed pump

Cooling water drain cock

Fuel injection pump

Rear hanger

Front hanger

Rear

Front

Stop solenoid

2-2

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Equipment and Instrument

The installed equipment and shapes differ on the engine type.

Start and Stop Instrument

Start Switch

When the start switch on the operation panel is pressed, starting system operates to crank the engine.

Stop Switch

When the stop switch on the operation panel is pressed, the shutdown cylinder operates and moves the control shaft of the fuel injection pump to the noinjection position to shut down the engine operation.

Fig. 2-3 Start Switch and Stop Switch

Manual Stop Lever

Use the manual stop lever to shut down the engine in the event of an emergency. If the st arter switch fails to stop engine operation, use the manual stop lever. When the manual stop lever, which is located in the fuel control link, is moved in the "STOP" direction, the engine stops. If the engine continues to operate even after the manual stop lever is moved in the "STOP" direction, cut off the fuel supply to stop the engine.

Fig. 2-4 Manual Stop Lever

Stop Solenoid

The stop solenoid operates for normal shutdown of engine operation. The stop solenoid moves the rack of fuel injection pump to cut the fuel, and consequently stops the engine. Two types of stop solenoids are available. RUN OFF type Not energized while the engine is running. Energized by a stop signal to stop the engine. RUN ON type Energized while the engine is running, and de-energized by stop signal to stop the engine.

Fig. 2-5 Stop Solenoid

STOPSTART

(Example)

When stopping the engine with manual stop lever, keep the manual stop lever at the stop position until the engine completely stops. If release the lever, the engine may restart.

STOP

2-3

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Instruments

This section describes about devices which transmit signals to necessary instruments of the engine operation.

Read carefully and understand functions of each device.

Oil Pressure Unit

Indicate the oil pressure.

Fig. 2-6 Oil Pressure Unit

Thermo Unit

Always detect the coolant temperature of engine.

Fig. 2-7 Thermo Unit

Revolution Detection Pickup

It is installed in the timing gear case, and always

detect engine speed.

Fig. 2-8 Revolution Detection Pickup

Oil pressure unit

Thermo unit

2-4

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Engine Protection Devices

The engine protection devices activate an alarm when an abnormality occurs in the engine in order to protect the

engine and prevent serious problems and accidents. When a protection device is activated, stop the engine, exam-

ine the cause of the abnormality, and take corrective measures. If the cause of the problem is unknown, contact a

dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Protection devices installed on the engine and their types (setting values)

and shapes vary depending on the engine specifications.

Oil Pressure Switch

The oil pressure switch generates an alarm when the

engine oil pressure becomes low and reaches the

specified pressure.

Fig. 2-9 Oil Pressure Switch

Thermo Switch

The oil pressure switch generates an alarm when the

engine coolant temperature becomes high and

reaches the specified temperature.

Fig. 2-10 Thermo Switch

Oil Filter Alarm Switch

The oil filter alarm switch generates an alarm to stop

the engine when oil filters become clogged, the differ-

ence in pressure between inlet and outlet of oil and

reaches the specified value.

Fig. 2-11 Oil Filter Alarm Switch

Oil pressure switch

Thermo switch

Oil filter alarm switch

2-5

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Revolution Detection Pickup

The overrun detection pickup generates an alarm

when the engine speed becomes high and reaches

the specified engine speed.

Fig. 2-12 Revolution Detection Pickup

Air Cleaner Indicator

If the element is clogged, the intake air is decreased

and the red signal mark will be displayed. The signal

indicates only, and does not generate an alarm,

Therefore, the periodic visually inspection is needed.

Press the reset button on the top of air cleaner indica-

tor and restore the signal after cleaned the air cleaner

indicator or replaced with a new one.

Fig. 2-13 Air Cleaner Indicator

Reset button

Signal (red)

2-6

Chapter 2 NAME OF PARTS

Using Turning Gear

1. Loosen the two bolts, and remove the plate from

the shaft groove.

Fig. 2-14 Manual Turning Gear Position

(While Engine is Running)

2. Push in the shaft fully to engage it with the ring

gear.

Fig. 2-15 Manual Turning Gear Position

(When Pushing Shaft in)

3. Using a socket wrench and a ratchet handle, turn

the shaft.

4. After turning, pull out the shaft, insert the plate in

the shaft groove, and tighten the bolts.

Fig. 2-16 Turning Gear Position (When Turning Shaft)

Before starting the engine, make sure that the manual turning gear is pulled out in the original position. Starting the

engine with the turning gear pushed in not only damages the ring gear but also may result in personal injury.

Bolt

Plate

Shaft

Make sure the plate is securely installed in the shaft

groove.

Socket

Ratchet handle

3-1

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Operational Environment

Preparation for Operating New or Overhauled Engine

Before proceeding with operation of a new overhauled engine, conduct the inspections described in this section.

For second operation onward, follow the instructions described in the "Normal Engine Operation" (3-8).

Preparation of Fuel System

1. Make sure the insides of the fuel tank and fuel supply pipes to the engine are thoroughly clean.

2. Check the drain valve and air inlet valve is closed at the time.

3. Fill fuel tank with fuel.

4. Remove the fuel feed pipe and drain plug from the fuel inlet of engine, and check the discharged fuel for foreign

materials such as dust.

5. Reinstall the drain plug and the fuel feed pipe.

6. Close the drain valve to fill the fuel.

7. Refill fuel tank until fuel level gauge indicates "FULL" level line, after checking the contact of float switch.

Check that the following contents are performed before the engine is operated. Failure to do so may cause various

problems and will shorten the service life of the engine.

Prevent from spreading water (especially, seawater or rainwater) and entering foreign materials to the air inlet

opening.

Prevent from entering foreign materials to the rotating parts.

Prevent from attaching water and dust to the electrical system.

Use the engine at 5 to 40 °C [41 to 104 °F].

Keep the coolant temperature properly by switching ON the water heater (automatic mode). (Emergency generator

with water heater)

When handling fuel, make sure there are no open flames or other fire hazards near the engine.

Wipe off any spilled fuel completely. Spilled fuel can ignite and cause a fire.

Do not remove the strainer during fuel tank filling.

For fuel to be used, refer to "FUEL" (4-1).

3-2

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Fuel System - Bleed Air

While feeding fuel with priming pump, bleed air from

the location closest to the fuel tank that are the water

separator, fuel filter, then the fuel injection pump.

Lock the priming pump according to "Priming Pump

Tightening Method".

Fig. 3-1 Priming Pump - Handle

Fuel Filter - Bleed Air

1. Loosen the air vent plug of the fuel filter about 1.5

turns.

2. Move the priming pump up and down, then feed fu-

el.

3. When the fuel from the air vent plug becomes free

from air bubbles, stop priming and tighten the air

vent plug to the specified torque.

Fig. 3-2 Fuel Filter - Bleed Air

Fuel Injection Pump - Bleed Air

1. Loosen the air vent plug on the fuel injection pump

by rotating about 1.5 turns.

2. Move the priming pump up and down until the fuel

flow from the air vent plug is free from air bubbles.

Push and turn the priming pump clockwise to lock

in the original position when the fuel flows is free

from bubbles.

3. Tighten the air vent plug on the fuel injection pump.

Fig. 3-3 Fuel Injection Pump - Bleed Air

When fuel overflow from the air vent plug, wipe thor-

oughly. Spilled fuel causes fire hazard.

After bleeding, lock the priming pump securely. If the

cap is not locked tightly, the priming pump can be

damaged, causing a fuel leak that could lead to a

fire.

[Unlock] [Priming] [Lock]

Turn left

Move up and down

Hold and turn right

If air vent plugs, the thread portion of the bracket, or

sealing washers are damaged, replace them with

new ones.

Air vent plug

Tightening torque

8.8 ± 1 N·m {0.9 ± 0.1 kgf·m} [6.4 ± 0.7 lbf·ft]

Priming pump

Air vent plug 15 ± 2 N·m {1.5 ± 0.2 kgf·m} [11.0 ± 1.4 lbf·ft]

3-3

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Priming Pump Tightening Method

1. Gently tighten the priming pump cap by hand until

the tightening force suddenly increases.

2. Use a wrench or another appropriate tool to tighten

the priming pump 90±10°.

3. Check the mounting position of head packing.

Note: If the head packing has abnormality such as de-

formation or scratches, consult a dealer of Mit-

subishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., as the priming

pump needs to be changed.

Fig. 3-4 Priming Pump Tightening Method

Fig. 3-5 Priming Pump Head Packing

Never fail to tighten the priming pump to the speci-

fied angle. If the priming pump is not firmly tightened,

internal thread will be worn due to engine vibration,

resulting in sudden ejection of the cap to cause fuel

flow-out. Or if the priming pump is excessively tight-

ened, the head of the priming pump can be dam-

aged.

Position where hand-tightening becomes suddenly heavy

±10°

Priming pump

Head can be damaged if the cap is excessively tightened. (120° or more)

Head packing

3-4

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Preparation of Lubrication System

Engine Oil - Refill

1. Remove the cap from the oil filler.

2. Fill the engine oil pan with specified engine oil to

the specified level.

Note: For engine oil, refer to "ENGINE OIL" (5-1). For

engine oil capacity, refer to "MAIN SPECIFICA-

TIONS" (12-1).

3. Remove the rocker cover, and pour engine oil to

the valve mechanism and camshaft oil bath. Pour

engine oil to camshaft oil bath from cylinder head

side.

Oil capacity per cylinder: 0.8 L [0.21 U.S. gal.]

4. Reinstall the rocker covers.

5. Check the oil level in the oil pan.

6. Pull out the oil level gauge and wipe it clean with a

waste cloth.

7. Insert the oil level gauge fully into the oil level

gauge guide and then pull it out again.

8. The proper oil level is between the high and low

marks on the oil level gauge.

If the engine oil goes over the high marks on the oil

level gauge, open the engine oil drain valve to drain

oil.

If the engine oil is low, refill the specified engine oil.

9. Check the oil pan and other area for oil leaks. Re-

pair the oil leakage if any.

10. While pulling the stop lever, rotate the crankshaft

for approx. 10 seconds to turn on the starter. Stop

the operation for 1 minute, then, repeat the opera-

tion two or three times. Circulate engine oil to each

engine parts.

Note: Prepare for the cooling system.

11. Start the engine and run the engine in a no load

condition at low idling speed for 5 to 10 minutes.

12. Check the oil level with the oil level gauge again,

and add oil to the specified level after leaving the

engine stopped for 30 minutes or more.

For details, refer to "Test Operation" (3-7).

Fig. 3-6 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge

Fig. 3-7 Pouring Engine Oil on Valve Mechanisms and

Chamber

Refilling engine oil must be specified level. If the

refilling oil goes over the high marks on the oil level

gauge, engine oil may blow out. And also, the engine

component parts are adversely affected by increas-

ing in oil temperature.

Oil filler

Oil level gauge

High

Low

Improper

Proper

Camshaft oil bath

3-5

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Preparation of Cooling System

Radiator Cap - Open/Close

Note: If the specification of radiator differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 3-8 Radiator Cap

Coolant - Refill

1. Close the coolant drain cock of engine and water

pump securely.

2. Open the coolant filler and add a mixture of water

and coolant having the specified concentration.

Note: (a) Determine the quantities of LLC based on the

coolant capacity and the LLC concentration

chart.

For the coolant, refer to "COOLANT" (6-1) .

For the coolant capacit y, refer to "MAIN

SPECIFICATIONS" (12-1).

(b) For absolute air bleeding, loosen the air vent

plug on the upper section of thermostat.

3. Check the heat exchange equipment and other

parts for coolant leaks. Repair leakage if found.

4. When coolant reaches the full level, close the cool-

ant filler securely.

5. While pulling the manual stop lever, rotate the

crankshaft for approx. 10 seconds using the start-

er.Stop the operation for approx. 1 minute, then, re-

peat the operation two or three times to bleed the

cooling system.

Note: Prepare for the engine oil system.

6. Check the level of coolant.

Fig. 3-9 Coolant Drain Cock (Engine)

Fig. 3-10 Coolant Drain Cock (Water Pump)

When using the engine with radiator cooling system,

remove the radiator cap only after the engine has

cooled to the room temperature. Place a waste cloth

over the cap, and loosen the cap about a half-turn or

stand the lever to the upright position to release inter-

nal pressure. Opening the radiator cap of coolant

expansion tank while the engine is hot causes steam

and hot coolant to blow out and can result in skin

burns.

Turn the cap about half a turn

Stand the lever to the upright position

Always use the coolant having the same concentra-

tion.

Coolant

drain cocks

Left side

Right side

The coolant drain cocks located in the crankcase respectively (behind the each fuel injection pump accessory drive unit).

Coolant drain cock

3-6

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Preparation of Electrical System

Battery - Check

Note: If the specification of battery differs from the c ontents of this operation manual, follow the manufacturer's op-

eration manual.

Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect

Battery electrolyte evaporates during use and the

electrolyte level gradually decreases. The proper elec-

trolyte surface level is between the LOWER LEVEL

and UPPER LEVEL lines.

For the battery without level lines, the proper electro-

lyte surface level is about 10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59

in.] above the top of the plates.

If the electrolyte level is low, remove the caps and add

distilled water to the proper level.

Note: When adding distilled water, add little by little.

Fig. 3-11 Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect

If battery electrolyte is spilled on your skin or clothes, flush immediately with plenty of water. If battery electrolyte

get into your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water and then get medical attention.

Do not use open flames or other fire hazards near the battery. When handling the battery, be careful of sparks gen-

erated by accidental shorting.

UPPER LEVEL

LOWER LEVEL

10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59 in.]

Proper

3-7

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Test Operation

To conduct a test operation, follow the procedures below.

Before starting the engine, switch the water heater ON (automatic mode) and keep the coolant temperature prop-

erly. (Emergency generator with water heater)

Note: For engine operation, refer to "Normal Engine Operation" (3-8).

Starting and Stopping

1. Start the engine.

2. Operate the engine at low idling speed under no load for 5 to 10 minutes for a warm-up operation.

3. Stop the engine.

Inspection

1. Leave the engine be stopped for about 30 minutes.

2. During this period, check the engine and surrounding area for leaks of fuel, engine oil or coolant.

3. At 30 minutes after the engine stop, check the oil level with the oil level gauge. The proper oil level is between

the high and low marks on the oil level gauge.

4. If the engine oil goes over the high marks on the oil level gauge, open the engine oil drain valve to drain oil. If the

engine oil is low, refill the specified engine oil.

5. Open the coolant filler cap and check the coolant level.

6. If the coolant level is low, add coolant to the specified level.

Always switch the water heater ON (automatic mode) through a whole year.

If the switch is not ON (automatic mode), each cylinder varies considerably in combustion at the starting up the

engine. Unburned fuel may explode in the exhaust pipe. (Emergency generator with water heater)

Always use the coolant having the same concentration.

3-8

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Normal Engine Operation

This section of the manual covers the procedures for the engine operation in normal condition.

Preparations for Operation

Always conduct the following inspection before starting the engine.

Engine External - Inspect

Inspect the engine exterior as described below.

1. Make sure there is no combustible material near

the engine or battery. Also, check to make sure that

the engine and battery are clean. If combustible

materials or dust are found near the engine or bat-

tery, remove them.

2. Check the whole engine for leaks of fuel, engine oil

or coolant. If leaks are found, repair the leak, or

contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,

Ltd.

3. Visually check bolts and nuts for looseness.

4. Check the electrical wiring including the starters

and alternator.

5. Check that valves, plugs or cocks are properly po-

sitioned.

Fuel feed valve: Open

Coolant drain cock (plug): Closed

Engine oil drain plug: Closed

Air supply valve (air tank): Open

Fig. 3-12 Valves for open/closed position - Check

Should an engine abnormality be observed during operation, stop the engine and correct the problem, or contact a

dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Be sure to keep combustible materials away from the engine, especially from the hot engine parts such as exhaust

manifolds, or the battery. Check for fuel and oil leaks. Remove dust from the top surface of the battery. A fire can

be caused by combustible materials placed near hot engine parts. If any abnormality is found, be sure to repair it

or contact your local dealer.

3-9

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Fuel Tank Oil Level - Check

Check that fuel is contained to the specified level in the fuel tank.

If the fuel level is low, refill the tank to the "FULL" level line.

Note: If the specification of fuel tank differs from the contents of this operation manual, follow the manufacturer's op-

eration manual.

Fuel Control Link - Check

Check fuel control link for smooth movement.

Push the manual stop lever to the fuel increase direc-

tion, check the movement of the rack cancel spring.

Then relax your grip on the lever little by little, check

that the manual stop lever returns to the no fuel injec-

tion position smoothly.

Also check ball joint for looseness and play.

Fig. 3-13 Fuel Control Link - Check

Engine Oil Level - Check

1. Pull out the oil level gauge and wipe oil off the oil

level gauge using a clean waste cloth.

2. Insert the oil level gauge fully into the oil level

gauge guide and then pull it out again.

3. The proper oil level is between the high and low

marks on the oil level gauge. If the engine oil goes

over the high marks on the oil level gauge, open

the engine oil drain valve to drain oil. If the engine

oil is low, refill the specified engine oil.

4. Install the oil filler cap after adding engine oil.

5. Check the oil pan and other area for oil leaks.

Fig. 3-14 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge

When working around fuel, make sure there are no open flames, heaters or other fire hazards.

Wipe off any spilled fuel completely. Spilled fuel can ignite and cause a fire.

Do not remove the strainer when filling the fuel tank.

If the engine has a float switch and the fuel level is higher the "LOW" level line, the float switch failure may occur.

Inspect and repair the float switch.

For fuel to be used, refer to "FUEL" (4-1).

Manual stop Lever

Rack cancel spring

Ball joint

Refilling engine oil must be specified level. If the

refilling oil goes over the high marks on the oil level

gauge, engine oil may blow out.

Always use the same engine oil as the first.

Oil filler

Oil level gauge

High

Low

Improper

Proper

3-10

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Coolant Level - Check

If the coolant level is low, add coolant to the specified level.

Note: Determine the quantities of LLC based on the coolant capacity and the LLC concentration chart.

For the coolant, refer to "COOLANT" (6-1). For the coolant capacity, refer to "MAIN SPECIFICATIONS" (12-1).

Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging

1. Check the air cleaner indicator for the element

clogging.

2. If the element is clogged, the red signal mark will

be displayed.

3. Immediately clean or replace the air cleaner ele-

ment when the signal turns red.

4. After checking, press the bottom on top of the indi-

cator to re-set the alarm signal.

Note: (a) For cleaning of the air cleaner element, refer

to "Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and

Replace" (8-21).

(b) If the specification of air cleaner differs from

the contents of this operation manual, follow

the manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 3-15 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging

Air Tank - Drain Water

1. Open the drain valve slowly, and check that water

in the tank is drained from drain pipe.

2. After water is drained and the air is discharged in

the tank, tighten the drain valve firmly.

3. Loosen the drain handle on the bottom of drain

separator. Check that water in the drain separator

is discharged from the drain pipe.

4. Close the drain handle after draining water firmly.

Note: If the s pecification of air tank differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 3-16 Air Tank - Drain Water

Always use the coolant having the same concentration.

Reset button

Signal (red)

There are 2 places for draining water in the air tank:

drain valve on the top of air tank, and drain handle

on the bottom of drain separator.

Drain valve

Drain separator

Drain handle

Drain pipe

3-11

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Air Tank Air Pressure - Check

1. Check the air pressure gauge to see if the air pres-

sure in the air tank conforms to the standard.

2. Open the air pressure gauge valve.

3. Check air pressure in the air tank with air pressure

gauge.

Specified value:

For air direct starting: 2.94 MPa {30 kgf/cm

} [427

psi]

For air motor: 0.98 MPa {10 kgf/cm

} [142 psi]

4. Close the air pressure gauge valve.

Note: If the s pecification of air tank differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 3-17 Starting Air Tank Air Pressure - Check

Temperature of Damper - Check

Damper temperature management by thermo label

It is recommended to use the thermo label for temper-

ature management of the damper. Check the thermo

label before starting engine.

1. Check the thermal part of thermo label is black.

2. Note the highest temperature of thermal part. Note

the temperature periodically, and check the abnor-

mality of temperature alteration.

Note: For damper temperature limit and inspection, re-

fer to "Damper - Inspect" (8-

4).

Fig. 3-18 Thermo label of damper

Air pressure gauge

Air pressure gauge valve

If the abnormality of temperature alteration is found,

consult a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

75 80 85 90 95

100 105 110 115 120

50 55 60 65 70

Thermo label

ࠨ࡯ࡕ࡜ࡌ࡞

5E-75

5E-100

5E-50

5E-75

5E-100

5E-50

5E-75

5E-100

5E-50

5E-75

5E-100

5E-50

(Display example) When thermal part of the thermo label is black until 80, it indicates that the maximum temperature of damper during operating is from 80°C [176°F] to 85°C [185°F].

3-12

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Start

The starting method varies depending on the application and specifications. Start the engine according to the spec-

ified procedure.

Warming-up Operation

After the engine starts, operate the engine in a no load condition at low idling speed for 5 to 10 minutes to warm-up

the engine.

Checking Engine Oil Pressure

During warm-up operation, check if the oil pressure is

in the range of standard value (0.3 MPa {3.1 kgf/cm

}

[21 psi] or more).

Also, make sure the oil pressure gauge is actuated

properly.

External Inspection During Warm-up

During warm-up operation, walk around the engine

and check for fuel, oil, coolant or exhaust gas leaks.

Before starting the engine, check to make sure no one is near the engine and that tools are not left on or near the

engine. In a loud voice, notify people in the area when starting the engine.

Do not apply a load to the engine at starting. (Disengage the clutch if equipped.)

Continuous operation of the starter will drain the battery power and cause the starter to seize. Do not use the

starter for more than 10 seconds at a time. When the engine does not start, wait for more than 1 minute before

cranking again.

Do not approach rotating parts during operation. Entanglement by rotating parts can result in serious injury.

3-13

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Run

Cautions During Operation

Inspection During Operation

Check for abnormal engine noises or vibrations such

as knocking or the exterior of engine such as piping

joints for leaks.

Carefully check the following items whether there is

any abnormality.

Note: (a) If the engine stops because of decreasing

engine oil press ure, be sure to loc ate the

cause of problem and correct it before re-

starting the engine.

(b) When the thermo switch is activated during

normal operation, run the engine with the idle

speed at low Rpms for 5 or 6 minutes to cool

the engine before stopping the engine. Be

sure to locate the cause of problem and cor-

rect it before restarting the engine.

Do not approach rotating parts during operation.

Entanglement by rotating parts can result in serious

injury.

Do not touch any hot part of the engine such as

exhaust pipes during operation or immediately after

shut down. A hot engine can cause burns.

Always provide adequate ventilation in the engine

room. If air supply to the engine room is not sufficient,

the room temperature rises and can affect engine

output and performance.

For the first 50 hours of the new engine or after the

overhaul, operate the engine under a light load for

break-in operation. Operating the new engine under

heavy load or severe conditions during the break-in

period can shorten the service life of the engine.

Do not turn the battery switch OFF when the engine

is running. Turning off the battery switch during oper-

ation not only stops the instrument operations but

also may deteriorate the alternator diode and regula-

tor.

Never turn the key to the "START" position during

operation. The starter may be damaged.

When operating the engine with a 30 % of rated load

or lower, limit each operation to an hour. Prolonged

warm-up operation causes carbon build-up in the cyl-

inders that leads to incomplete combustion. Operate

the engine with a 30 % of rated load or more for over

5 minutes after continuous operation for an hour to

prevent causing carbon build-up.

Table 3-1 Inspection During Operation

Item to be inspected Criterion/Reference value

Warning indicator lamps/Instruments

Lighting/Numerical

anomaly

Engine speed/Frequency

No large fluctuation

Breather mist volume As usual

Exhaust color As usual

Damper temperature 90°C [194°F] or lower

Engine oil pressure

0.39 MPa {4 kgf/cm

}

[57 psi] or more

Oil Temperature (oil pan)

110 °C [230 °F] or lower

Coolant temperature 70 to 90°C [158 to 194°F]

Exhaust temperature 550°C [1022°F] or lower

Intake air pressure

0.15 to 0.25 MPa

{1.5 to 2.5 kgf/cm

}

[10.85 to 18.08 psi]

3-14

Chapter 3 OPERATION

Stop

Engine stopping method varies depending on the specifications.

To stop the engine, follow the instructions of the equipment.

Emergency Stop

To perform the emergency stop, pull the manual stop

lever to the arrow direction. Continue pulling the lever

until the engine stops completely.

Note: When the engine does not stop even if the man-

ual stop lever is pulled, stop fuel supply.

Fig. 3-19 Manual Stop Lever

Inspection After St opping

Inspect the engine for fuel, oil or coolant leaks. If any leak is found, repair the leak or contact a dealer of Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Stopping the engine abruptly while engine parts are hot due to high-speed operation can be a cause for heat up of

the engine parts and shorten the engine life. Before stopping the engine, run the engine with the idle speed at low

Rpms for 5 or 6 minutes to cool the engine, and check the engine for abnormalities.

Never accelerate the engine immediately before shutting it down.

Do not restart the engine immediately after abnormal shut down. When the engine stops with alarms, be sure to

locate the cause of the problem and correct the problem before restarting the engine. After restarting the opera-

tion, check the engine for abnormalities again. If the engine has an abnormality, repair it immediately.

When stopping the engine by pulling the manual

stop lever, continue pulling the lever until the engine

stops completely. If not, the engine may start again.

STOP

4-1

Chapter 4 FUEL

Recommended Fuel

Use fuel that meets the values specified in the following Table 4-1 of "Recommended Fuel" and Table 4-2 of "Rec-

ommended Limit and Use Limit of Fuel Property".

It is necessary to use fuel that has a pour point suitable for the ambient temperature.

Note: Please use the fuel that meet the control of the countries or areas where the engine is used, if the control is

applied.

Handling Fuel

When using fuel from a storage tank, leave it to sit for more than 24 hours so that dust and water can settle at the

bottom. Then, use the upper clean fuel.

Fill up the fuel tank or service tank after each operation.

This prevents water from mixing with fuel in the tank and also gives time for dust and water to separate and settle at

the bottom of the tank.

Before refilling, clean the areas around the caps thoroughly and remove the caps from the drum and tank. Also

clean your hands and the hose before refueling. When using a hand-operated pump, be careful not to pump water

or sediment accumulated at the bottom of the storage tank.

Be sure to use a strainer when filling fuel tank. For a complete filtration, it is recommended to use a clean lint-free

cloth together with the strainer.

Use a fuel specified in this manual only. Do not refill the fuel tank more than the specified level. Otherwise, fire may

result.

Table 4-1 Recommended Fuel

Specification Classification

ISO 8217 DMX-CLASS

ASTM D975 No.1-D, No.2-D

BS 2869 CLASS A1, CLASS A2

DIN 51601 DIESEL-FUEL

JIS K2204 TYPE1, TYPE2, TYPE3

EN 590 DIESEL-FUEL

4-2

Chapter 4 FUEL

Fuel Specification

Use fuel which meets the requirements specified in the table below.

Table 4-2 Recommended Limit and Use Limit of Fuel Property

Item Recommended limit Use limit Test method

Flash point

50°C [122°F] or higher

(In accordance with the regulation)

JIS K 2265

:2007

ISO 3769 ISO 2719

Distillation

Initial boiling point 170°C [338°F] or higher

JIS K 2254

:1998

ISO 3405

90 % distillate temperature

330 to 380°C [626 to 716°F]

Pour point (PP) 6°C [42.8°F] or lower than ambient temperature

JIS K 2269

:1987

ISO 3016

Cloud point (CP) Below ambient temperature

JIS K 2269

:1987

ISO 3015

Cold filter plugging point (CFPP) 3 °C [37.4 °F] or lower than ambient temperature

JIS K 2288

:2000

IP 309/96

Carbon residue (10 % residual oil) 0.4 weight % or lower 1.0 weight % or lower

JIS K 2270

:2000

ISO 6615 ISO 10370

Cetane number 45 or higher

JIS K 2280

:1996

ISO 5165

Cetane index (new type) 45 or higher

JIS K 2280

:1996

ISO/DIS 4264

Kinetic viscosity

2.0 mm

/s [0.0031 in2/s] or more at 30 °C [86 °F]

8.0 mm

/s [0.0124 in2/s] or more at 30 °C [86 °F]

JIS K 2283

:2000

ISO 3104

Sulfur content 0.2 weight % or lower

1.0 weight % or lower

(Shorten lub. oil change

intervals)

JIS K 2541

:2000

(The content should be as low as the diesel fuel.) ISO 4260 ISO 8754

Water content and sediment 0.1 volume % or lower

JIS K 2275

:1996

ISO 3733

Ash content 0.01weight % or lower 0.03 weight % or lower

JIS K 2272

:1998

ISO 6245

Copper corrosion (3 hrs at 50 °C [122 °F])

Color change = Copper plate No.3 or less

JIS K 2513

:2000

ISO 2160

Density at 15 °C [59 °F]

0.83 to 0.87 g/cm

[49.9424 to 54.3123 lb/ft

]

0.80 to 0.87 g/cm

[49.9424 to 54.3123 lb/ft

]

JIS K 2249

:1995

ISO 3675

Caulking

24 hrs at 250 °C [482 °F]

75 % carbonization or less 80 % carbonization or less

Fed 791B

24 hrs at 230 °C [446 °F]

55 % carbonization or less -

48 hrs at 180 °C [356 °F]

Ta r- f re e -

Aromatics substances (by HPLC) 38 % by volume or less

JIS K 2536

:2003

ISO 3837

Polycyclic aromatic content 8 volume % or lower

Asphaltene 0.1 weight % or lower -

4-3

Chapter 4 FUEL

Foreign substances (foreign materials at engine fuel inlet)

5.0 mg/liter or less

JIS B 9931

:2000

ISO 4405

Lubricity: MWSD (Measured mean Wear Scar Diameter) by HFRR wear test at 60 °C [140 °F] fuel temperature

460 µm [0.02 in.] or less

(calculated wear scar diame-

ter at WS 1.4 kPa {0.0143

kgf/cm

} [0.2031 psi])

- ISO 12156-1

BDF: Biodiesel fuel (FAME: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester)

BDF quality shall meet JIS K 2390, or ASTM-D 6751 or

EN14214,

BDF blending of 5 % by volume or less is approved

JIS K 2390

:2008

(FAME for mixing) ASTM D 6751 EN 14214

Engine applications

for regular (prime) use

(Regular)

for emergency use

(Emergency)

Selection according to application

Table 4-2 Recommended Limit and Use Limit of Fuel Property

Item Recommended limit Use limit Test method

5-1

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Recommended Engine Oil

Engine Oil Grade

Many oil standards, which are established through

special engine tests, are available to determine the

quality of oil depending on the engines to which they

will be applied and on operating conditions. Among

those standards, API (American Petroleum Institute)

service classifications are mostly used to classify

engine oils. SAE specifies the viscosity only, while the

API service classification indicates the quality level of

engine oil.

For engine lubrication oil, please use API service clas-

sification CF or CH-4.

When using the CF class engine oil, it must be certi-

fied according to API service classification CF by 2009

and satisfied the following Table 5-1 Recommended

limit of engine oil property.

When using the CH-4 class engine oil, the sulfur con-

tent of fuel must be 0.2 weight % or lower.

Fig. 5-1 Engine Oil Grade

Use the engine oils recommended in this manual only. Never use oil other than that specified in this manual.

The use of inappropriate or inferior oils will result in sticking of piston rings, seizure between piston and cylinder, or

premature wear of bearings and moving parts, and significantly shortens the service life of the engine.

OILOIL

Class CH-4

API Service

Classification

API Service

Classification

Class CF

5-2

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Engine Oil Specification

Use engine oil which meets the requirements specified in the table below.

Table 5-1 Table of Recommended Limit of Engine Oil Properties

Item Unit Recommended limit Test method

API/JASO CF class *1 -

SAE viscosity - 15W-40 -

Color ASTM - L4.0

JIS K 2580

ISO 2049

Density 15°C [59°F] g/cm

0.87 to 0.90

JIS K 2249

ISO 3675

ISO3838

ISO 649-4

ISO 91-1

Kinetic Viscosity:

40°C [104°F]

100 to 110 JIS K 2283

ISO 3107 ISO 2904

150°C [302°F] 13.5 to 15.5

Viscosity - -

JIS K 2283

ISO 3107 ISO 2904

Flash point °C [°F]

225 to 250

[437 to 482]

JIS K 2265

ISO 3679 ISO 2719 ISO 2592

Base number

Hydrochloric acid method

Sulfur contents of fuel

1.0 weight % or lower

mgKOH/g

10 or higher

(up to 13)

JIS K 2501

ISO 3771 ISO 6618 ISO 6619 ISO 7537

0.2 weight % or lower

8 or higher

(up to 13)

Perchloric acid method

Sulfur contents of fuel

1.0 weight % or lower

mgKOH/g

13 or higher

(up to 16)

0.2 weight % or lower

11 or higher

(up to 16)

Acid number mgKOH/g 1.5 to 2.0

JIS K 2501

ISO 3771 ISO 6618 ISO 6619 ISO 7537

Sulfur content % 0.5 or less

JIS K 2541

ISO 4260 ISO 8754

Sulfuric acid ash % 2.0 or lower

JIS K 2272

ISO 3987 ISO 6245

Carbon residue content % 2.0 or lower

JIS K 2270

ISO 10370

ISO 6615

High temperature shear viscosity

150°C

[302°F]

mP·aS 3.7 or higher JPI-5S-36-91

Pour point °C [°F] -25 [-13]or lower

JIS K 2269

ISO 3015 ISO 3016

5-3

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

*1 It must have been certified API service classification CF by 2009.

*2 Temperature of test I (24°C [75.2°F]), Temperature of test II (93.5°C [200.3°F]), Temperature of test III (24°C

[75.2°F] after 93.5°C [200.3°F])

*3 Temperature of aluminum panel: 300°C [572°F] and 325°C [617°F]

Temperature of engine oil: 100°C [212°F]

Splatter time: 15 seconds

Downtime: 45 seconds

Test time: 8 hours

the properties are the weight of solid product.

Selection of Oil Viscosity

Use the following chart to select the appropriate oil

viscosity according to the ambient temperature.

Excessively high oil viscosity causes power loss and

an abnormal rise of oil temperature, while excessively

low oil viscosity accelerates wear due to inadequate

lubrication, and also causes a decrease in engine out-

put due to leakage of combustion gas.

Fig. 5-2 Selection of Oil Viscosity

Handling Engine Oil

When handling a large amount of engine oil more than the legally specified quantities, be sure to have the work per-

formed by a service station operated under the provision of the law. When removing oil from the engine or oil can,

use an oil pump. Do not suck oil using you mouth and a pipe.

Be sure to close the cap on the oil can after use.

Keep oil in a well-ventilated place and out of direct sunlight.

Be sure to obtain the MSDS of the engine oil and follow the instructions of the MSDS.

Bubbling test *2

10/0

JIS K 2518

ISO 6247

II 30/0

III 10/0

Panel caulking test *3

300°C

[572°F]

140 or lower

FED791-3462

325°C

[617°F]

300 or lower

Table 5-1 Table of Recommended Limit of Engine Oil Properties

Item Unit Recommended limit Test method



SAE10W

SAE30

SAE40

SAE15W-40

Temperature

°C [°F]

Engine oil

viscosity

-30

[-21]

-20 [-4]

-10

[14]

[50]20[68]30[86]40[104]50[122]

[32]

Before filling the engine with engine oil, stop the engine and make sure there are no open flames and other fire

hazards near the engine. Leaked or spilled oil on hot surfaces or electrical components can cause a fire. Wipe off

any spilled oil immediately and thoroughly. After filling oil, securely close the filler cap.

5-4

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Service Limits of Engine Oil

Engine oil degrades through the use and by lapse of time.

The quality of engine oil and fuel, and the operating condition of the engine affect the deterioration of the engine oil.

Replace the engine oil in accordance with Chapter 7 MAINTENACE SCHEDULE. However, only if the operating

load is stable and engine oil analyze result allows, oil replacement interval may be changed.

Refer to the following table for the determination of engine oil performance. If any of the following properties

exceeds the limit, replace the engine oil with new oil.

Table 5-2 Table of engine oil properties

Properties Standard Test method

Kinetic Viscosity:

/s [in2/s]

@100°C [212°F]

+30 % or less rate of change from

new oil

10 mm

/s [0.155 in2/s] or more

JIS K 2283

:2007

ISO 3107 ISO 2909

+30 % or less rate of change from

new oil

-20 % or less rate of change from new oil

Base number mgKOH/g

2.0 or more with hydrochloric acid (HCL) method

1/2 of new oil or more with perchlo-

ric acid (PCA) method

JIS K 2501

:2003

ISO 3771

Acid number mgKOH/g Up to +3.0 of new oil

JIS K 2501

:2003

ISO 3771

Water Content Vol % 0.2 or less

JIS K 2275

:1996

ISO 9029

Flash point (open cup) °C [°F] 180 [356] or higher

JIS K 2265

:2007

ISO 3769 ISO 2719

Pentane insoluble Wt % 0.5 or less

Compliance with ASTM D 893

Pentane insoluble coagulated

Wt % 3.0 or less

Compliance with ASTM D 893

5-5

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Definition of Properties of Engine Oil

Kinetic Viscosity

Kinetic viscosity is a basic physical property of engine

oil and is considered as the most important aspect

when evaluating oil.

Contamination of oil by blow-by gas and deterioration

of oil by its natural aging increase the kinetic viscosity

and degrade the performance of viscosity, which will

cause the deposition of sludge inside the engine and

oil filter clogging. Contamination of oil by fuel and

sheared molecules of viscosity index improver in oil

decrease the viscosity and degrade the performance

of viscosity, which will cause insufficient lubrication

and friction/wear of engine parts.

Base Number

Base number shows the ability to neutralize acids

such as organic acid due to engine oil oxidation, or

sulfurous or sulfuric acid due to the sulfur content of

fuel.

Because base number indicates the amount of disper-

sant detergent in oil, it can be used to estimate con-

sumption of basic dispersant detergent. The ability to

disperse sludge declines as dispersant detergent is

used up.

Acid Number

The acid number in oil increases as the organic acid is

being derived by the engine oil oxidation, or sulfurous

acid or sulfuric acid derived by the combustion of sul-

fur content of fuel, or the oil becomes contaminated

with imperfect combustion products.

An increase in the acid number will result in corrosion

or wear of the inner parts of the engine (such as cylin-

der liners or metal) due to sulfur content, and piston

ring seizure due to sludge.

Water Content

Water in oil promotes corrosion/wear, and decreases

lubricity in sliding parts.

Flash Point

The flash point is lowered by contamination with fuels.

Flash point is measured to check the dilution of fuel.

The dilution of fuel reduces oil film, and causes insuffi-

cient lubrication that will cause friction or wear of

engine parts.

Insoluble

Insoluble includes acid products of engine oil, imper-

fect combustion products, sludge or soot, metal abra-

sive particles and dust. Insoluble is an indication of

degradation/contamination of oil.

Dispersant detergent, which is an additive in engine

oil, absorbs sludge particles, and disperses them as

fine particles in oil. Total insoluble density and

remaining dispersibility can be obtained by measuring

insoluble and coagulated insoluble (chemical speciali-

ties which stop action of disperse detergent and col-

lect the sludge dispersed in oil) to understand engine

oil contamination level, and thereby, piston ring sei-

zure or premature wear can be prevented before it

occurs.

5-6

Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL

Engine Oil Analysis Service

For a long term service life of engine, it is recommended to get an engine oil analysis service.

It is a system to understand the availability of the engine oil using in your engine by sampling it with the special sam-

pling tools.

The engine oil analysis service provides the followings:

The quantity of fine metal powder in engine oil due to abrasion, by which worn parts can be located.

Water, LLC or salt that should not be in engine oil can be detected.

Engine oil deteriorating conditions, by which appropriate engine oil renewal intervals, operating conditions, proper

inspection and maintenance schedule can be planned.

The engine oil analysis service can diagnose the internal condition of the engine, which is necessary when disas-

sembling the engine. It is highly recommended to take advantage of our engine oil analysis service so that you can

learn the engine condition before any malfunction occurs to the engine.

6-1

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Note: In this operation manual, the word "coolant" represents a mixture of water and LLC.

Recommended Water for Coolant

Use soft water (such as tap water) for the engine cooling system. The water quality must meet the requirements in

the Table below. Basically, the water quality should be within the recommended value, however, up to the limit is

acceptable.

Note: Other than those above, turbidity must be below 15 mg/liter.

Long Life Coolant (LLC)

Be sure to use Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. genuine long life coolant (LLC) "GLASSY long life coolant (Ethyl-

ene glycol type)" or "PG GLASSY long life coolant (Non-amine type)" as coolant. When using other brand LLCs by

necessity, be sure to use the non-amine type LLC that meets the specification in Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Mitsubishi heavy industries disclaims the warranty claims about malfunctions due to the use of LLC that does not

meet the following specification.

Genuine LLC

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. recommends the use

of our genuine long life coolant "GLASSY long life

coolant (Ethylene glycol type)", and Eco-friendly prod-

uct "PG GLASSY long life coolant (propylene glycol

type)", which are most appropriate coolant for Mitsubi-

shi diesel engines. Be sure to use our Genuine LLC.

Fig. 6-1 GLASSY - LLC

Table 6-1 Water Quality Standards

Item

Chemical

symbol

Unit

Recommend

value

Limit Main adverse effect

pH (25°C [77°F]) - - 6.5 to 8.0 6.5 to 8.5

Corrosion and rust, scale formation

Electrical conductivity (25°C [77°F])

- mS/m < 25 < 40

Corrosion and rust, scale formation

Total hardness CaCO

3 ppm < 95 < 100 Scale formation

M alkalinity CaCO

3 ppm < 70 < 150 Scale formation

Chlorine ion Cl

ppm < 100 < 100 Corrosion and rust

Sulfuric acid ion SO

ppm < 50 < 100 Corrosion and rust

Total iron Fe ppm < 1.0 < 1.0 Scale formation

Silica SiO

2 ppm < 30 < 50 Scale formation

Residue from evaporation - ppm < 250 < 400 Scale formation

Should coolant or LLC be accidentally swallowed, induce vomiting immediately and seek medical attention. If LLC

should enter eyes, flush immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.

6-2

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Other Brand LLCs

When using LLC other than Mitsubishi Heavy Indus-

tries, Ltd. genuine long life coolant (LLC) "GLASSY

long life coolant (Ethylene glycol type)" or "PG

GLASSY long life coolant (propylene glycol type)", be

sure to use the LLC which meets specification in Mit-

subishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

The quality and performance of commercially avail-

able LLCs as well as their component variations are

the responsibility of LLC suppliers.

Before purchasing commercial LLC, be sure to dis-

cuss the suitability of LLC with the LLC supplier.

Use all-season LLC (non-amine type) only. Do not use

antifreeze alone instead of LLC.

Standard for Other Brand LLC

When using other brand LLCs by necessity, be sure to

use the LLC that meets the following specification.

Mitsubishi heavy industries, Ltd. disclaims the war-

ranty claim concerning malfunctions caused by the

use of LLC that does not meet the following specifica-

tion.

General Demands of LLC

 LLC must be a homogeneous liquid without sedi-

ment.

 When the LLC is diluted to 30 to 60% density, the LLC

shall not cause troubles such as corrosion and precip-

itation deposits in the engine cooling system.

 LLC shall be mixed with other LLC that satisfies this

specification, and shall not separate elements each

other, and shall not decrease the performance each

other.

 LLC shall not allow the container to be corroded, and

shall not has precipitation products etc. even if LLC is

left in the container for 6 months.

 LLC shall not has extraction products etc. even if LLC

is kept in -20 to -25°C [-4 to -13°F].

 The validity term of the quality that provides with this

specification is 2 years after it delivers with the indoor

normal temperature keeping.

Never mix Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. genuine

LLC with other brand LLCs. Mixing with other brand

LLCs degrades the performance of the Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd. genuine LLC.

6-3

Chapter 6 COOLANT

LLC Specification

LLC shall be examined according to JIS K2234, Section 7 (Test method), and satisfy this requirements. General

matters and the specimen sampling shall comply with JIS K2234.

Table 6-2 LLC Specification

Property Standard

Appearance No precipitation

Density

Minimum 1.112 g/cm

[69.4199 lb/ft3] (20/ 20°C) [68/68°F] (Stock solution)

Water content Maximum 5.0 weight % (Stock solution)

Frozen temperature

30 vol % Maximum -14.5°C [6°F]

50 vol % Maximum -34.0°C [-29°F]

Boiling temperature 155°C [311°F] or higher (Stock solution)

pH 7.0 to 11.0 (30 vol %)

Bubbling character (ASTM D3306-01)

30 vol % 4.0 ml or less

1/3 vol %

150 ml [0.032 gal] or less, Disappearance of bubble within 5 seconds.

Hard water adaptability 1.0 or less (50 vol %)

Metallic causticity (88±2°C [190.4±35.6°F], 336±2 Hr, 30 vol % (E.G), 50 vol % (P.G))

Metal specimen

Mass change

Aluminum ± 0.30 mg/cm

Cast iron ±0.15 mg/cm

Steel ± 0.15 mg/cm

Brass ± 0.15 mg/cm

Solder ± 0.30 mg/cm

Copper ± 0.15 mg/cm

Appearance of the specimen after testing

No visible signs of corrosion on the surface excluding the area contacting to spacer. However, discoloration is acceptable.

Bubbling during the test Not bubbling overflow

Properties of liquid after the test

pH 6.5 to 11.0

pH change ±1.0

Precipitation 0.5 vol % or less

Appearance of liquid

No remarkable discoloration, separation and gel generation.

6-4

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Circulation metallic causticity (98±2°C [208.4±35.6°F], 1000 Hr, 30 vol % (E.G) 50 vol % (P.G)

Metal specimen

Mass change

Aluminum, Cast iron, Steel, Brass, Solder, Copper

±0.30 mg/cm

Appearance of the specimen after testing

No visible signs of corrosion on the surface excluding the area contacting to spacer. However, discoloration is acceptable.

Properties of liquid after the test

pH 7.0 to 9.0

pH change ±1.0

Pre-alkalinity change ±15 %

Precipitation 1.0 vol % or less

Appearance of liquid

No remarkable discoloration, separation and gel generation.

Density of ion

Fe, Cu, Al, Zn, Pb, NH

10 ppm or less

Circulation metallic causticity (88±3°C [190.4±37.4°F], 1000±2 Hr, 30 vol % (E.G)

Metal specimen

Mass change

Aluminum ± 0.60 mg/cm

Cast iron ±0.30 mg/cm

Steel ± 0.30 mg/cm

Brass ± 0.30 mg/cm

Solder ± 0.60 mg/cm

Copper ± 0.30 mg/cm

Appearance of the specimen after testing

No visible signs of corrosion on the surface excluding the area contacting to spacer. However, discoloration is acceptable.

Properties of liquid after the test

pH 6.5 to 11.0

pH change Maximum ±1.0

Appearance of liquid

No remarkable discoloration, separation and gel generation.

Condition of parts

Pump seal

Free from any malfunction, liquid leak and abnormal noise during operation.

Inside of pump case and blade Free from remarkable corrosion

Rubber adaptability (30 vol %, 115°C [239°F], 360 Hr)

Silicon

Tensile strength change -60 to 0 %

Elongation change -40 to +20 %

Volume change 0 to +40 %

Hardness change -20 to +10 %

Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber

Tensile strength change 0 to +10 %

Elongation change -15 to +15 %

Volume change 0 to +40 %

Hardness change -10 to 0 %

Ethylene propylene diene monomer

Tensile strength change 0 to +10 %

Elongation change -30 to 0 %

Volume change 0 to +10 %

Hardness change -10 to 0 %

Table 6-2 LLC Specification

Property Standard

6-5

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Storage stability vol % (30 vol %, room temperature, 6 Hr) 0.3 or less

Table 6-2 LLC Specification

Property Standard

6-6

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Maintenance of LLC

Replacement Intervals of LLC

When a coolant mixed with the LLC recommended by our company is used, replace coolant every 8000 hours or 2

years, whichever comes first.

LLC Concentration

Keep the LLC concentration of 30 % (GLASSY) and 40 % (PG GLASSY) on any temperature conditions. LLC of

less than 30 % concentration does not provide sufficient corrosion protection. If the LLC concentration is lower than

10 %, it may accelerate corrosion.

When adding coolant, do not add plain water. Always use coolant with the same LLC concentration.

Note: (a) If the outside air temperature is -30°C [-22°F] or lower, use "GLASSY."

(b) The concentration above is based on Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. genuine LLC "GLASSY long life

coolant (Ethylene glycol type)" or "PG GLASSY long life coolant (Non-amine type)."

For determining the accurate LLC concentration, refer to the instructions for the LLC used.

Should coolant or LLC be accidentally swallowed, induce vomiting immediately and seek medical attention. If LLC

should enter eyes, flush immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.

LLC is toxic. Never dispose of coolant containing LLC drained from engine into regular sewage. For disposal of

used coolant, consult LLC distributor.

Be sure to renew LLC (coolant) at the intervals specified in this manual.

Failure to renew LLC may cause malfunctions due to performance degradation of preventing rust and cavitation.

Table 6-3 Recommended LLC Concentration

Item Type

Appear-

ance

Lowest ambient temperature

-10°C [14°F] or above

-20°C [-4°F] or above

-30°C [-22°F] or above

-45°C [-49°F] or above

LLC concentration

(%)

GLASSY Green 30 40 50 60

PG GLASSY Red 40 55 70 -

6-7

Chapter 6 COOLANT

Importance of LLC

Today's trend is toward smaller and lighter engines

offering greater output, lower fuel consumption and

lower exhaust emission levels.

Conditions to which engine coolant is subjected,

therefore, are becoming severer due to longer operat-

ing hours, higher coolant temperature and higher cool-

ant circulating speed.

Many different materials such as steel, aluminum,

copper, solder and rubber are used in the cooling sys-

tem, and they are also subjected to the severe condi-

tions described above. Those materials have different

ionization characteristics, and this difference acceler-

ates corrosion through the medium of engine coolant.

To prevent such a problem, it is necessary to use the

LLC having the additive that prevents rust.

Characteristics of LLC Additive and Important Notes

LLC contains several chemicals in such proportions

as to produce chemical reactions that suppress corro-

sion (ionization) of engine parts in contact with the

coolant. LLC loses its effectiveness by hours of use as

well as lapse of time.

Moreover, if the chemicals in LLC are not maintained,

certain chemicals in the LLC become rapidly used up

and result in dissolution of metals instead of protecting

metals from corrosion. Consequently, other corrosion

preventing chemicals react with dissolving metals and

accelerate corrosion. This condition generates more

severe corrosion than when plain soft water is used.

This is a typical problem caused by the use of inap-

propriate LLC.

Examples of Abnormalities Caused by LLC (Amine Type)

Pitting of Iron Parts

Amines are generally effective in suppressing the rust-

ing of ferrous metals, but they are said to cause prob-

lems for copper parts.

Dissolved copper (copper corrosion) in the cooling

system deposits on iron parts and the copper deposits

cause corrosion and then pitting on iron parts that

have a high ionization characteristics due to galvanic

or local-cell action.

Corrosion of Aluminum Parts

Silicate is highly effective in protecting aluminum

against rusting. However, it is unstable in a solution in

which the pH is 9 or lower, and can turn to gel and pre-

cipitate in the solution. For this reason, the pH is usu-

ally specified to be about 10 to ensure a high alkaline

level.

This means, after silicate is used up, the high alkalinity

causes chemical attacks on aluminum. To prevent this

problem, proper maintenance of the coolant is

required. For case example, rapid wear of mechanical

seals in the water pump due to secondary effects of

silicate gel formed. Corrosion of aluminum parts after

silicate is consumed.

Pitting and Clogging of the Heat Exchange Equipment

When LLC deteriorates or when its concentration in

the coolant is too low, the anti-corrosion performance

of LLC lowers and results in the corrosion of metals.

Brass and solder tend to corrode faster than other

metals, and corrosion of these metals is said to cause

water leakage and clogs. Example: Holes and clogs in

heat exchange equipment.

7-1

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

How to Use the Maintenance Schedule

Periodic inspection not only extends the service life of the engine but also serves to ensure safe operation. Be sure

to conduct inspections and maintenance according to the maintenance schedule.

The maintenance schedule shows the standard service intervals. If you notice any abnormalities such as abnormal

noise, black exhaust smoke, white exhaust smoke, extremely high temperature of exhaust gas, abnormal vibration,

and fuel, oil or exhaust gas leakage, make sure to conduct the inspection and maintenance work, regardless of rec-

ommended service intervals in the "Maintenance schedule."

Note: Appropriate service intervals vary depending on the usage and operating conditions as well as consump tion

of fuel, oil and coolant. Check the operating record of the engine to determine the most ap propriate service

intervals. (Feel free to consult a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. regarding service intervals.)

Service the items at multiples of the original requirement. For example, at 1000 service hours, also service those

items listed under every 250 service hours and every 50 service hours.

Periodic Maintenance Chart

Appropriate service intervals vary depending on the engine specifications. Perform all daily inspection and mainte-

nance items in an accordance with the following 3 categories.

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Regular Use Engine

When the engine is used as a regular use engine, perform the periodic inspection and maintenance in accordance

with the "Periodic Maintenance Chart for Engine in Regular Use".

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

When the engine is used as an emergency engine, perform the periodic inspection and maintenance in accordance

with the "Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine". Due to the nature of application, an engine for emer-

gency use is subject to demanding operating conditions such as a quick startup and immediate supply of power. In

addition, it must operate reliably in the event of an emergency. Therefore, be sure to perform the daily inspection

and also conduct the following operation for maintenance purposes. Once every week: Operate the engine under

no load (for 3 to 5 minutes). (When operating the engine for the adjustment of peripheral devices, limit the operating

time to 10 minutes.) Once every month: Operate the engine under load (for 15 to 30 minutes with more than 1/2

load). If the engine cannot be operated under load every month, operate the engine under load (more than 1/2 load)

for more than 2 hours. During the engine maintenance operation, check the ease of startup, oil pressure, and

exhaust color and vibration.

Periodic maintenance chart for general purpose engine

If the engine is used for different purposes other than the above usage, do maintenance according to the "Periodic

Maintenance Chart for General-Purpose Power Supply Engine".

7-2

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

General Definition of Engine

General Definition of Regular Use Engine

An engine operated with a constant base load for the purpose of generating electric power, which is used indepen-

dently or in combination with commercial power supply. An engine operated under a fluctuating load throughout a

day for supplying rated electric power in lieu of commercial power.

General definition of emergency engine

An engine used for emergency power generation such as main power supply and commercial power supply.

General Definition of General-purpose Engine

An engine used for a purpose other than power generation - for example, to drive a pump, as the main engine for a

ship, and for an industrial vehicle - and operated under constant or cyclically varying load and speed.

7-3

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Regular Use Engine

Table 7-1 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Regular Use Engine

Interval and Service item

Refer-

ence page

Every 50 service hours or every month

Fuel Tank - Drain Water*1 8-6

Water Separator - Drain Water*1 8-7

First 50 service hours for a new or overhauled engine

Bolts and Nuts on the Engine - Retighten *2

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

It is recommended to check the engine oil characteristics at the same time. The oil filters must be replaced when the filter alarm lights.

8-12

Every 250 service hours

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

It is recommended to check the engine oil characteristics at the same time. The oil filters must be replaced when the filter alarm lights.

8-12

First 250 service hours for a new or overhauled engine

Valve Clearance - Inspect and Adjust (Check valve mechanism at the same time.)

Every 1000 service hours

Fuel Filter - Replace 8-9

Water Separator Element - Replace *1 8-7

Gauze Filter - Clean 8-8

Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust 8-2

Every 2000 hours

Fuel Tank - Drain Water (Replace Parts as Necessary) *1 8-6

Valve Clearance - Inspect and Adjust (Check valve mechanism at the same time.)

Fuel Injection Timing - Inspect and Adjust *2

Fuel Injection Nozzle - Nozzle Tip Replacement (Check the spray condition and adjust the fuel injection pressure after replacement)

Checking Movement of the Rack (During Operation) of the Fuel Injection Pump (Including the Governor)

Fuel Pipe - Inspect 8-11

Oil Pipe - Inspect 8-15

Every 4000 service hours

Top End of the Engine - Overhaul Remove the cylinder head, and inspect and service the combustion chambers.

Turbocharger - Inspect 8-19

Damper - Inspect 8-4

Starter - Inspect 8-24

Protection Devices Operation - Inspect *2

Unit Seal and Oil Seal of Water Pump - Replace *2

Checking LLC Concentration Level in the Coolant *2

7-4

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

*1 If it is not a item supplied from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, maintain the part following the manufacture's opera-

tion manual as required.

*2 Items require special tools or large equipment. For the servicing of those items, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Every 8000 hours

Engine - Major Overhaul Disassemble engine, clean, check and change major parts. [Parts to be changed at major overhaul.] Inlet and exhaust valves, inlet and exhaust valve seats, valve rotators, valve cotters, rocker arm adjusting screws, valve push rods, bridge caps, camshaft bushings, camshaft expansion plugs, main bearings, cylinder liners, main bearing cap bolts and washers, piston rings, connecting rod bearings, damper, crankcase thrust plate and consumable items (gaskets, oil seals, Orings, etc.) [At second overhaul, replace the following parts in addition to the parts listed above]> Cylinder head bolts, valve guides, valve bridge guides, valve bridges, valve springs, tappets, camshaft thrust plates, pistons, piston pins, connecting rod bolts, connecting rod bushings, rocker bushings, fuel pipe assembly, oil pipe assembly

Fuel Injection Pump - Inspect and Test (Replace Parts as Necessary) *2

Governor - Inspect and Test (Replace Parts as Necessary) *2

Protective Devices - Repair or Replace High coolant temperature, low oil pressure, overspeeding, starting failure, water supply failure, undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, low coolant level in tank, low fuel level in tank, low air pressure in tank, etc.

Auxiliary Devices Operation - Check Water heater, oil heater, oil priming pump, fuel transfer pump, governor motor, etc.

Every 8000 service hours or every 2 years

Coolant - Change 8-16

As required

Fuel System - Bleed Air *1 3-2

Radiator Fins - Check and Clean *1 8-18

Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and Replace *1 8-21

Cleaning the Inside of the Engine Breathers *2

Stop Solenoid - Inspect or Replace *2

Couplings - Inspect or Replace *1 *2

Inspecting the Vibration-isolating Rubber *1 *2

Table 7-1 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Regular Use Engine

Interval and Service item

Refer-

ence page

7-5

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

Table 7-2 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

Every week

Engine External - Inspect

(Check for leakage of fuel, oil and coolant)

3-8

Fuel Tank Oil Level - Check *1 3-9

Engine Oil Level - Check *1 3-9

Coolant Level - Check 3-10

Air Tank Air Pressure - Check

(Air motor type or direct inlet type)

3-11

Water Leakage of Aircooler - Inspect -

Operating the Engine for Maintenance (Operate the engine under no load for 5 to 10 minutes) Check for ease of starting, color of exhaust smoke, abnormal vibration, abnormal noise, abnormal smell and gauge indication (oil pressure gauge, coolant temperature gauge, oil temperature gauge, exhaust temperature gauge, tachometer, etc.)

Every month

Engine Oil for Mixing of Fuel and Water - Inspect 8-14

Fuel Control Link - Check 3-9

Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect *1 8-23

Air Tank - Drain Water 8-25

Air compressor Oil Level - Inspect and Refill -

Conducting Engine Maintenance Operation (Operate the engine with more than 1/2 load for 15 to 30 minutes) Check for ease of starting, color of exhaust smoke, abnormal vibration, abnormal noise, abnormal smell and gauge indication (oil pressure gauge, coolant temperature gauge, oil temperature gauge, exhaust temperature gauge, tachometer, etc.) Check fuel injection pump and the movement and rack of governor, check temperature of damper, check damper visually.

Every 6 months

Checking LLC Concentration Level in the Coolant *2

Cleaning the Inside of the Coolant Tank *1 -

7-6

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Every one year

Basic engine

Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust 8-2

Bolts and Nuts on the Engine - Check and Retighten *2

Damper - Inspect 8-4

Valve Clearance - Inspect and Adjust (Check valve mechanism at the same time.)

Inspecting the Vibration-isolating Rubber *1 *2

Foundation Bolts - Inspect *1 *2

Couplings - Inspect or Replace *1 *2

Fuel system

Fuel Tank - Drain Water*1 8-6

Water Separator - Drain Water*1 8-7

Fuel Injection Nozzle Spray Condition and Spray Pressure - Inspect and Adjust

Fuel Injection Timing - Inspect and Adjust *2

Fuel Pipe - Inspect 8-11

Lubricating system

Oil Pipe - Inspect 8-15

Engine Oil Properties - Analyze *2

Engine Oil Pressure (Maintenance Operation) - Inspect and Adjust

Table 7-2 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

7-7

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Every one year

Cooling system

Water Pump - Inspect *2

Solenoid Valve and Pressure Reducing Valve of the Cooling System - Inspect, Disassemble and Clean *1

Strainer (Including With Ball Tap) of Cooling Water Inspect, Disassemble and Clean *1

Coolant Properties (When Only Soft Water is Used) Inspect (Change coolant according to the analysis results)

Air intake system Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and Replace *1 8-21

Electrical system

Starter - Inspect 8-24

Alternator - Inspect 8-24

Specific Gravity of Battery Electrolyte - Check*1 8-23

Air Heater - Inspect -

Air starter system

Air Strainer - Drain Water and Clean 8-25

Air Tank - Inspect Safety Valve Operation 8-26

Air Starter Valve - Inspect *2

Solenoid Valve and Pressure Reducing Valve - Inspect and Clean

Air Distribution Valve - Inspect *2

Air Compressor Belt Tension - Inspect *2

Auxiliary Devices Operation - Check *1 High coolant temperature, low oil pressure, overspeeding, starting failure, water supply failure, undervoltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, low coolant level in tank, low fuel level in tank, low air pressure in tank, etc.

Auxiliary Devices Operation - Check Engine control, fuel transfer pump, governor motor, room ventilating fan, solenoid, storage pump, water tank ball tap, water heater, oil heater, oil priming pump, etc.

Every 2 years

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

It is recommended to check the engine oil characteristics at the same time. The oil filters must be replaced when the filter alarm lights.

8-12

Fuel Filter - Replace 8-9

Water Separator Element - Replace *1 8-7

Gauze Filter - Clean 8-8

Fuel Control Link Ball Joint - Inspect

(Replace parts as necessary)

8-10

Coolant - Change 8-16

Thermostat - Inspect *2

Turbocharger - Inspect 8-19

Exhaust Muffler - Drain Water *1 8-19

Air Compressor Overhaul (Air motor type or direct inlet type) *2

Table 7-2 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

7-8

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

*1 If it is not a item supplied from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, maintain the part following the manufacture's opera-

tion manual as required.

*2 Items require special tools or large equipment. For the servicing of those items, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Every 4 years

Top End of the Engine - Overhaul Remove the cylinder head, and inspect and service the combustion chambers.(If the abnormalities of first and second cylinders are found, inspect all cylinders. )

Checking Oil Cooler for Contamination, Clogging and Leakage *2

Checking Oil Pump for Discoloration and Other External Defects *2

Governor Oil Filter - Change 8-15

Fuel Tank - Clean *1 8-6

Fuel Injection Pump - Inspect and Test (Replace parts as necessary) *2

Governor - Inspect and Test (Replace parts as necessary) *2

Radiator Fins - Check and Clean *1 8-18

Rubber Hose - Replace *2

Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and Replace *1 8-21

Protective Devices - Repair or Replace *1 Oil pressure gauge, coolant temperature gauge, oil temperature gauge, exhaust temperature gauge, tachometer

Every 8 years

Engine - Major Overhaul Disassemble engine, clean, check and change major parts.

Damper - Replace *2

Oil Pump - Repair or Replace *2

Fuel Injection Nozzle - Nozzle Tip Replacement (Check the spray condition and adjust the fuel injection pressure after replacement)

Rubber Parts and O-rings - Replace *2

Unit Seal and Oil Seal of Water Pump - Replace *2

Turbocharger - Disassemble and Inspect *2

Aircooler - Disassemble and Clean *2

Vibration-isolating Rubber - Repair or Replace *1 *2

Couplings - Repair or Replace *1 *2

Protective Devices - Repair or Replace *1 *2

Stop Solenoid - Inspect or Replace *2

Ball Tap of Water Tank - Repair or Replace *1 *2

Other Consumables - Replace *2

Table 7-2 Periodic Maintenance Chart for Emergency Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

7-9

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Periodic Maintenance Chart for General Purpose Engine

Table 7-3 Periodic Maintenance Chart for General Purpose Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

Every 50 service hours or every month

Fuel Control Link Ball Joint - Inspect 8-10

Air Strainer - Drain Water and Clean (Air motor type or direct inlet type) 8-25

Air Tank - Drain Water (Air motor type or direct inlet type) 3-10

First 50 service hours for a new or overhauled engine

Bolts and Nuts on the Engine - Retighten *2

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

It is Recommended to Check the Engine Oil Characteristics at the Same time. The Oil Filters Must be Replaced When the Filter Alarm Lights.

8-12

Every 250 service hours or every 1 year

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

The Oil Filters Must be Replaced When the Filter Alarm Lights.

8-12

Governor Oil Filter - Change 8-15

Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust 8-2

Radiator Fins - Check and Clean *1 8-18

Exhaust Muffler - Drain Water *1 8-19

Air Tank - Inspect Safety Valve Operation 8-26

First 250 service hours for a new or overhauled engine

Valve Clearance - Inspect and Adjust (Check valve mechanism at the same time.)

Every 1000 service hours or every 2 years

Fuel Filter - Replace 8-9

Water Separator Element - Replace *1 8-7

Gauze Filter - Clean 8-8

Air Strainer - Drain Water and Clean (Air motor type or direct inlet type) 8-25

Zinc Rod - Replace *2

Every 2000 service hours or every 3 years

Bolts and Nuts on the Engine - Retighten *2

Valve Clearance - Inspect and Adjust (Check valve mechanism at the same time.)

Fuel Injection Timing - Inspect and Adjust *2

Fuel Pipe - Inspect 8-11

Oil Pipe - Inspect 8-15

Fuel Injection Nozzle - Nozzle Tip Replacement (Check the spray condition and adjust the fuel injection pressure after replacement)

Protection Devices Operation - Inspect (High water temperature, low oil pressure, overspeed)

7-10

Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

*1 If it is not a item supplied from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, maintain the part following the manufacture's opera-

tion manual as required.

*2 Items require special tools or large equipment. For the servicing of those items, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi

Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Every 4000 service hours or every 5 years

Top End of the Engine - Overhaul Remove the Cylinder Head, and Inspect and Service the Combustion Chambers.

Fuel Control Link Ball Joint - Inspect 8-10

Damper - Inspect 8-4

Air Cleaner - Clean *2

Heat Exchanger - Wash *2

8000 hours

Engine - Major Overhaul Disassemble Engine, Clean, Check and Change Major Parts.

Fuel Injection Pump - Inspect and Test (Replace parts as necessary) *2

Governor - Inspect and Test (Replace parts as necessary) *2

Protective Devices - Repair or Replace *2

Auxiliary Devices Operation - Check *2

Every 8000 service hours or every 2 years

Coolant - Change 8-16

As required

Fuel System - Bleed Air 3-2

Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and Replace *1 8-21

Table 7-3 Periodic Maintenance Chart for General Purpose Engine

Interval and service item

Refer-

ence page

8-1

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Basic Engine

Engine External - Inspect

Inspect the engine exterior as described below.

1. Make sure there is no combustible material near the engine or battery. Also, check to make sure that the engine

and battery are clean. If combustible materials or dust are found near the engine or battery, remove them.

2. Check the electrical wiring for such components as the starter and alternator for looseness.

3. Check the whole engine for leaks of fuel, engine oil or coolant. If leaks are found, repair or contact your local

dealer.

4. Check that valves, plugs or cocks are properly positioned.

Fuel feed valve: Open

Coolant drain cock (plug): Closed

Engine oil drain plug: Closed

Be sure to keep combustible materials away from the engine, especially from the hot engine parts such as exhaust

manifolds, or the battery. Check for fuel and oil leaks. Remove dust from the top surface of the battery. A fire can

be caused by combustible materials placed near hot engine parts. If any abnormality is found, be sure to repair it

or contact your local dealer.

8-2

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust

Belt - Inspect

1. Inspect the belt visually for separation or damage. If any abnormality is found, replace the belt with a new one.

2. Inspect belt tension (deflection) and pressing force.

V-belt

Push the belt downward at the midway between pulleys with approximately 98 to 147 N {10 to 15 kgf} [22.05 to

33.05 lbf]. If the deflection is 10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59 in.], the tension is correct. If the deflection of belt is not within

the standard, adjust the belt tension.

Ribbed belt

Refer to Table 8-1 "Ribbed Belt Tension Force", adjust the pressing force if it is not average level when pushing the

belt downward till 15 mm [0.59 in.] at the midway between pulleys with gauge.

Belt Tension (Alternator Side) - Adjust

1. Remove the belt cover.

2. Loosen all retaining bolts of the alternator and ad-

justing rod.

3. Loosen the upper and lower lock nuts on the ad-

justing rod.

Note: That the lower nut on the adjusting rod has left-

hand threads.

4. Turn the adjusting rod to adjust the belt tension.

5. After adjusting deflection, fix the upper and lower

lock nuts.

6. Tighten all retaining bolts of the alternator and ad-

justing plate.

7. Reinstall the belt cover and front cover.

Fig. 8-1 Belt and Belt Tension - Inspect and Adjust

If defects such as cuts or surface separations are found during inspection, replace the belt.

Keep oil and grease away from the belt. They may cause the belt to slip and shorten the service life.

Excessive belt tension can cause rapid wear of the alternator bearing and shorten the service life of the belt.

Adjust the belt tension accurately by following the procedures below.

Adjusting rod

Fixing bolt

V-belt

Ribbed belt

Gauge

Lock nut (left-hand thread)

Approx. 10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59 in.]

15 mm [0.59 in.]

Pressing force

Width Approx. 10 mm [0.39 in.]

8-3

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

The pressing force when pressing the belt downward till 15 mm [0.59 in.] at the midway of the belt direct distance.

Table 8-1 Ribbed Belt Tension Force

Item

Num-

ber of

ribs

Belt direct distance (mm)

Up to 300

300 or more

Up to 400

400 or more

Up to 500

500 or more

Up to 600

600 or more

When attaching a new belt

74 N {7.55 kgf }

[16.64 lbf]

49 N {5.00 kgf }

[11.02 lbf]

37 N {3.77 kgf }

[8.31 lbf]

29 N {2.96 kgf }

[6.53 lbf]

25 N {2.55 kgf }

[5.62 lbf]

88 N {8.97 kgf }

[19.78 lbf]

59 N {6.02 kgf }

[13.27 lbf]

44 N {4.49 kgf }

[9.90 lbf]

35 N {3.57 kgf }

[7.87 lbf]

29 N {2.96 kgf }

[6.53 lbf]

103 N {10.50 kgf }

[23.15 lbf]

69 N {7.04 kgf }

[15.52 lbf]

51 N {5.20 kgf }

[11.46 lbf]

41 N {4.18 kgf }

[9.22 lbf]

34 N {3.47 kgf }

[7.65 lbf]

118 N {12.03 kgf }

[26.52 lbf]

79 N {8.06 kgf }

[17.77 lbf]

59 N {6.02 kgf }

[13.27 lbf]

47 N {4.79 kgf }

[10.56 lbf]

39 N {3.98 kgf }

[8.77 lbf]

132 N {13.46 kgf }

[29.67 lbf]

88 N {8.97 kgf }

[19.78 lbf]

66 N {6.73 kgf }

[14.84 lbf]

53 N {5.40 kgf }

[11.90 lbf]

44 N {4.49 kgf }

[9.90 lbf]

147 N {14.99 kgf }

[33.05 lbf]

98 N {9.99 kgf}

[22.02 lbf]

74 N {7.55 kgf }

[16.64 lbf]

59 N {6.02 kgf }

[13.27 lbf]

49 N {5.00 kgf }

[11.02 lbf]

162 N {16.52 kgf }

[36.42 lbf]

108 N {11.01 kgf }

[24.27 lbf]

81 N {8.26 kgf }

[18.21 lbf]

65 N {6.63 kgf }

[14.62 lbf]

54 N {5.51 kgf }

[12.15 lbf]

176 N {17.95 kgf }

[39.57 lbf]

118 N {12.03 kgf }

[26.52 lbf]

88 N {8.97 kgf }

[19.78 lbf]

71 N {7.24 kgf }

[15.96 lbf]

59 N {6.02 kgf }

[13.27 lbf]

191 N {19.48 kgf }

[42.95 lbf]

127 N {12.95 kgf }

[28.55 lbf]

96 N {9.79 kgf }

[21.58 lbf]

76 N {7.75 kgf }

[17.09 lbf]

64 N {6.53 kgf }

[14.40 lbf]

206 N {

21.01 kgf }

[46.32 lbf]

137 N {13.97 kgf }

[30.80 lbf]

103 N {10.50 kgf }

[23.15 lbf]

82 N {8.36 kgf }

[18.43 lbf]

69 N {7.04 kgf }

[15.52 lbf]

Reused

51 N {5.20 kgf }

[11.46 lbf]

34 N {3.47 kgf }

[7.65 lbf]

26 N {2.65 kgf }

[5.84 lbf]

21 N {2.14 kgf }

[4.72 lbf]

17 N {1.73 kgf }

[3.81 lbf]

62 N {6.32 kgf }

[13.93 lbf]

41 N {4.18 kgf }

[9.22 lbf]

31 N {3.16 kgf }

[6.97 lbf]

25 N {2.55 kgf }

[5.62 lbf]

21 N {2.14 kgf }

[4.72 lbf]

72 N {7.34 kgf }

[16.18 lbf]

48 N {4.89 kgf }

[10.78 lbf]

36 N {3.67 kgf }

[8.09 lbf]

29 N {2.96 kgf }

[6.53 lbf]

24 N {2.45 kgf }

[5.40 lbf]

82 N {8.36 kgf }

[18.43 lbf]

55 N {5.61 kgf }

[12.37 lbf]

41 N {4.18 kgf }

[9.22 lbf]

33 N {3.37 kgf }

[7.43 lbf]

27 N {2.75 kgf }

[6.06 lbf]

93 N {9.48 kgf}

[20.90 lbf]

62 N {6.32 kgf }

[13.93 lbf]

46 N {4.69 kgf }

[10.34 lbf]

37 N {3.77 kgf }

[8.31 lbf]

31 N {3.16 kgf }

[6.97 lbf]

103 N {10.50 kgf }

[23.15 lbf]

69 N {7.04 kgf }

[15.52 lbf]

51 N {5.20 kgf }

[11.46 lbf]

41 N {4.18 kgf }

[9.22 lbf]

34 N {3.47 kgf }

[7.65 lbf]

113 N {11.52 kgf }

[25.40 lbf]

75 N {7.65 kgf }

[16.87 lbf]

57 N {5.81 kgf }

[12.81 lbf]

45 N {4.59 kgf }

[10.12 lbf]

38 N {3.87 kgf }

[8.53 lbf]

123 N {12.54 kgf }

[27.65 lbf]

82 N {8.36 kgf }

[18.43 lbf]

62 N {6.32 kgf }

[13.93 lbf]

49 N {5.00 kgf }

[11.02 lbf]

41 N {4.18 kgf }

[9.22 lbf]

134 N {

13.66 kgf }

[30.12 lbf]

89 N {9.08 kgf }

[20.02 lbf]

67 N {6.83 kgf }

[15.06 lbf]

54 N {5.51 kgf }

[12.15 lbf]

45 N {4.59 kgf }

[10.12 lbf]

144 N {14.68 kgf }

[32.36 lbf]

96 N {9.79 kgf }

[21.58 lbf]

72 N {7.34 kgf }

[16.18 lbf]

58 N {5.91 kgf }

[13.03 lbf]

48 N {4.89 kgf }

[10.78 lbf]

8-4

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Damper - Inspect

Damper - Check Visually

Check the vibration damper for oil leakage, scratches,

deformation, discoloration and peeling of paint. Check

carefully for swelling on the cover (use a scale), oil

leaks from the shim, discoloration and peeling of paint

due to heat.

Note: If defects are found in the damper, contact a

dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Fig. 8-2 Damper - Check Visually

Damper Temperature Management

For making damper function well, heat of damper must be dissipated from its surface to prevent excessive damper

heating. Mitsubishi inspects each engine before shipment to ensure proper operating temperature of the vibration

damper. However, the vibration damper temperature varies depending on ambient conditions. Therefore, observe

the following suggestions and provide sufficient ventilation for the vibration damper and equipment.

1. Make sure the temperature of the outside damper surface does not exceed the temperature that described in the

following table when operating the engine with rated power for an hour.

2. When installing a safety cover to damper, check ventilation carefully and make sure the damper temperature re-

mains below the temperature specified above, with the cover in place.

3. It is recommended to use the thermo label for the temperature management of damper in regular use engine.

When installing a damper protective cover to the

engine, do not use a cover that encloses the damper.

It may cause serious engine problems because the

damper deteriorates by heat or not deliver enough its

performance.

Silicon oil

Cover

Table 8-2 Damper Temperature Management

Type of damper Continuous Standby

Viscous damper 90°C [194°F] 100°C [212°F]

Viscous rubber damper 80°C [176°F] 90°C [194°F]

8-5

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Thermo Label - Handle

The white thermal part of thermo label becomes black when reaching the specified value.

Note: The thermal part that becomes black once does not return to white. Therefore, if the engine stops and then the

temperature of damper drops, the thermo label continues indicating the maximum temperature while engine is

running.

1. Attach a thermo label to the periphery or front end of damper.

2. Note the maximum temperature to check the thermal part of thermo label when engine stops. Note the temper-

ature periodically, and check the abnormality of temperature alteration.

Note: (a) When the temperature of thermo label increased, identify the abnormality of engine or other cause. Then,

reattach new thermo label, and check the change of temperature.

(b) If the temperature indication of thermo label comes close to the limit temperature of damper or the abnor-

mality is found in change of temperature, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Fig. 8-3 Damper Temperature Management

Table 8-3 Thermo Label for Temperature Management

Part

Name

Part No.

Temperature

measuring

range

Thermo

label

100-120

32522-04211

20 labels set: 32522-04200

100 to 120°C

[212 to 248°F]

Thermo

label

75-95

32522-04111

20 labels set: 32522-04100

75 to 95°C

[167 to 203°F]

Thermo

label

50-70

32522-04311

20 labels set: 32522-04300

50 to 70°C

[122 to 158°F]

<5E-75>

75 80 85 90 95

<5E-100>

100 105 110 115 120

<5E-50>

50 55 60 65 70

Thermo Label

8-6

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Fuel System

Fuel System - Inspect

Fuel Tank - Clean

1. Close the fuel feed valve to cut off the fuel supply to the engine.

2. Place a drip tray under the drain cock.

3. Drain all fuel in the tank from drain cock on the bottom of fuel tank.

4. Clean the inside of fuel tank.

5. Add fuel to the fuel tank.

6. Open the fuel feed valve, and bleed air for the fuel system.

Note: (a) For bleeding fuel system, refer to "Fuel System - Bleed Air" (3-2).

(b) If the specification of fuel tank differs from the contents of this operation manual, follow the manufacturer's

operation manual.

Fuel Tank - Drain Water

If fuel gets mixed with particles of foreign material

such as dust, dirt, or water, it can cause not only

decrease of output but also malfunctions of the fuel

system. To avoid such a problem, drain fuel tank as

described below.

1. Prepare the oil pan (capacity of 2 L [0.5 U.S. gal.]

or more) under the drain cock of fuel tank.

2. Open the drain cock of fuel tank and drain fuel at

least 1 to 2 liters.

3. Make sure that water and particles of foreign mate-

rial discharged with fuel. Close the drain cock.

Note: If the specification of fuel tank d iffers from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-4 Fuel Tank - Drain Water

When handling fuel, make sure there are no open flames or other fire hazards near the engine.

Wipe off any spilled fuel completely. Spilled fuel can ignite and cause a fire.

For fuel to be used, refer to "FUEL" (4-1).

Drain cock

Water

8-7

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Water Separator - Drain Water

1. Prepare a plate, and place it under the drain cock

of water separator.

2. Open the drain cock, and drain water in the water

separator.

3. Close the all drain cocks after draining.

Note: If the specification of water separator differs from

the contents of this operation manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-5 Water Separator - Drain Water

Water Separator Element - Replace

1. Close the inlet cock and outlet cock.

2. Turn the T-handle, and remove the water separator

cover.

3. Open the drain cock, and drain fuel in the water

separator.

4. Close the all drain cocks after draining.

5. Replace the element with a new one.

6. Fill the water separator with fuel.

7. Attach the water separator cover, and tighten the T-

handle.

8. Open the inlet cock and outlet cock.

9. After replacing the element, open the fuel feed

valve to the engine, then bleed air from the fuel

system.

Note: (a) For bleeding fuel system, refer to "Fuel Sys-

tem - Bleed Air" (3-2).

(b) If the specification of water separator differs

from the contents of this operation manual,

follow the manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-6 Water Separator Element - Replace

Inlet cock

Outlet cock

Drain cock

Open the inlet valve slowly to prevent overflowing fuel. Wrap a cloth around the water separator before the fuel

may spill.

Element

Inlet cock

Drain cock

Outlet cock

8-8

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Gauze Filter - Clean

If the gauze filter is clogged, the fuel supply becomes

insufficient, resulting in decrease in power output or

engine stall.

1. Remove the eye bolt at the inlet port of fuel feed

pump.

2. Using a screw driver, remove the gauze filter that is

fitted inside the eye bolt.

3. Soak the gauze filter in the fuel, and clean it with a

brush.

4. After cleaning, install the gauze filter into the eye

bolt using a screw driver.

5. Install the eye bolt to the fuel feed pump.

6. Bleed the air from the fuel filter.

Note: For bleeding the fuel filter, refer to "Fuel Filter -

Bleed Air" (3-2).

Fig. 8-7 Gauze Filter - Clean

Fuel feed pump

Gauze filter

Eyebolt

8-9

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Fuel Filter - Replace

1. Clean the area around the fuel filters.

2. Prepare a drip pan, and place it under the fuel fil-

ters.

3. Using a filter wrench, remove the fuel filters.

4. Wipe off fuel on the fuel filter cartridge mounting

surface of the filter bracket with a waste cloth.

5. Check new fuel filters for proper seating of the gas-

ket.

6. Apply clean fuel to the gasket of the new fuel filter.

7. Install the fuel filter to the filter bracket. When the

gasket contacts the mounting surface of the filter

bracket, further rotate 3/4 to a full turn.

8. After installing the new fuel filter, bleed the fuel fil-

ter.

Note: For bleeding the fuel filter, refer to "Fuel Filter -

Bleed Air" (3-2).

9. Start the engine and run it at idle speed for several

minutes.

10. Make sure that there is no fuel leak during the en-

gine operation. If fuel leakage is found, loosen the

fuel filter and check the gaskets for damage. If

there is no damage, retighten the fuel filter.

Fig. 8-8 Fuel Filter - Replace

Fig. 8-9 Fuel Filter

Do not use a filter with the dented case. Filter dam-

age or fuel leakage may occur and it can cause fire

hazard.

Do not use a filter wrench to install the fuel filter.

Do not dent or scratch the fuel filter surfaces.

Apply fuel to the gasket.

8-10

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Fuel Control Link Ball Joint - Inspect

Check ball joint in the fuel control link for play. If the

amount of play is 0.1 mm [0.004 in.] or more, replace

the ball joint with the new one.

If the ball joints are integrated in the control link,

replace the control link when the ball joints have loos-

ened. When installing ball joints, be sure to tighten the

nuts firmly.

Fig. 8-10 Ball Joints For Looseness - Inspect

Fig. 8-11 Fuel Control Link - Remove

If the sealed ball joints are found loosened, contact a

dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. If the seal

on the ball joint is broken, the warranty is invalidated.

Ball joint

Rod

Lever

0.1 mm

[0.004 in.]

0.1 mm

[0.004 in.]

Ball joint

Control link

8-11

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Fuel Pipe - Inspect

High Pressure Fuel Injection Pipe and Clamp Seat - Inspect and Replace Visual Inspection in Every 2000 Service Hours

Check clamp seat cracks and wear, or high pressure

fuel injection pipe wear. If defective, replace the clamp

seat with a new one. Replace the high pressure fuel

injection pipe with a new one as needed.

In Every Major Overhaul

Replace clamp seat with a new one. Also, check high

pressure fuel injection pipe wear. If defective, replace

the high pressure fuel injection pipe with a new one.

In Every Other Major Overhaul

Replace all clamp seats and high pressure fuel injec-

tion pipes with new ones.

Fig. 8-12 High Pressure Fuel Injection Pipe and

Clamp Seat - Inspect and Replace

Low Pressure Fuel Pipe and Clip - Inspect Visual Inspection in Every 2000 Service Hours

Loosen clamp fixing bolt and check clip wear and pipe

metal contact with clamp. If defective, replace the pipe

assembly with a new one.

In Every Other Major Overhaul

Replace the pipe assembly with a new one.

Fig. 8-13 Low Pressure Fuel Pipe and Clip - Inspect

Clamp plate

Clamp seat

Clamp

Clip

8-12

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Lubricating System

Engine Oil, Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

Engine Oil - Drain

After stopping the engine, drain the engine oil form the engine oil drain port of oil pan.

When draining engine oil, check that the oil temperature is low.

When draining oil or changing the oil filter, wear gloves. Hot engine oil and parts may cause burns.

Do not dump waste oil. It is forbidden by law. For disposal of waste oil, consult a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Indus-

tries, Ltd.

Change the engine oil, oil filter and bypass oil filter at the same time.

Also checking and analyzing the oil properties is recommended when changing the engine oil.

Do not reuse the oil filter element, as it is a paper type. When replacing filters, always replace gasket with new

ones.

8-13

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Engine Oil - Refill

1. Remove the cap from the oil filler.

2. Fill the engine oil pan with specified engine oil to

the specified level.

Note: For engine oil, refer to "ENGINE OIL" (5-1). For

engine oil capacity, refer to "MAIN SPECIFICA-

TIONS" (12-1).

3. Check the oil level in the oil pan as follows:

4. Pull out the oil level gauge and wipe it clean with a

waste cloth.

5. Insert the oil level gauge fully into the oil level

gauge guide and then pull it out again.

6. The proper oil level is between the high and low

marks on the oil level gauge.

If the engine oil goes over the high marks on the oil

level gauge, open the engine oil drain valve to drain

oil. If the engine oil is low, refill the specified engine

oil.

7. Install the oil filler cap after adding engine oil.

8. Check the oil pan and other area for oil leaks. Re-

pair the oil leakage if any.

9. While pulling the stop lever, rotate the crankshaft

for approx. 10 seconds to turn on the starter. Stop

the operation for 1 minute, then, repeat the opera-

tion two or three times. Circulate engine oil to each

engine parts.

Note: Prepare for the cooling system.

10. Check the oil level with the oil level gauge again,

and add oil to the specified level.

Fig. 8-14 Oil Filler and Oil Level Gauge

Refilling engine oil must be specified level. If the

refilling oil goes over the high marks on the oil level

gauge, engine oil may blow out.

Oil filler

Oil level gauge

High

Low

Improper

Proper

8-14

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter - Replace

1. Clean around the oil filters.

2. Prepare drip pans, and place them under oil filters

and a bypass oil filter.

3. Using a filter wrench, remove oil filters and a by-

pass oil filter.

Note: Disconnect the removed oil filters and a bypass

oil filter, and check elements for metal particles.

If metal particles are found, contact a dealer of

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

4. Thoroughly wipe off oil on the oil filter mounting

surface of the filter bracket with a cloth.

5. Check the new oil filters and a bypass filter for

proper seating of gasket.

6. Apply clean engine oil to gasket.

7. Install oil filters and a bypass oil filter to the filter

bracket. When the gasket contacts the mounting

surface of the filter bracket, further rotate 3/4 to a

full turn.

Fig. 8-15 Oil Filter and Bypass Oil Filter -

Replace

Fig. 8-16 Oil Filter

Engine Oil for Mixing of Fuel and Water - Inspect

Sample 1 to 2 L [0.26 to 0.53 U.S. gal.] of engine oil, and check for abnormal odor and discoloration to determine

the mixing of fuel and water.

If fuel is mixed with the engine oil, the oil will smell like fuel.

If water is mixed with the engine oil, the oil will be milky white.

If fuel or water is detected in the engine oil, find the cause of the problem, and repair. If the problem cannot be cor-

rected easily, contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Do not use a filter with the dented case. Filter dam-

age or oil leakage may occur and it can cause fire

hazard.

Do not use a filter wrench to install the oil filter and

bypass oil filter.

Do not dent or scratch the oil filter surfaces.

Bypass oil filter

Oil filter

Oil tray

Filter wrench

Apply engine oil to gasket.

If the engine continues to operate with engine oil mixed with fuel or water, the engine oil viscosity decreases and

this can cause serious accidents such as seizing of bearings.

8-15

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Governor Oil Filter - Change

1. Prepare a drip pan and place it under the governor

oil filter.

2. Loosen the air vent plug and remove the drain plug.

Drain oil from the filter into the drip pan.

3. Remove the oil pipe from the center bolt.

4. Remove the center bolt and remove the case from

the bracket. Remove the used element from the

case.

5. Put a new element in the case using the center

bolt.

6. Install the case to the filter bracket. Tighten the

center bolt.

7. Install the oil pipe to the center bolt.

8. Install the drain plug.

9. Remove the air vent plug. Fill up the filter with en-

gine oil.

10. After filling up, reinstall the air vent plug.

Fig. 8-17 Governor oil filter - Drain

Fig. 8-18 Governor oil filter - Change

Oil Pipe - Inspect

Oil Pipe and Clip - Inspect and Replace Visual Inspection at Overhaul

Loosen clamp fixing bolt and check clip wear and pipe

wear. If defective, replace the pipe assembly with a

new one.

In Every Other Major Overhaul

Replace the pipe assembly with a new one.

Fig. 8-19 Oil Pipe and Clip - Inspect and Replace

When draining oil or changing the oil filter, wear

gloves. Hot engine oil and parts may cause burns.

Air vent plug

Drain plug

Oil pipe

Center bolt

Element

Case

Clamp

Clip

8-16

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Cooling System

Coolant - Change

Radiator Cap - Open/Close

Note: If the specification of radiator differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-20 Radiator Cap

Coolant - Drain

1. When draining coolant immediately after engine

operation, idle the engine in low gear for 5 to 6 min-

utes to lower the coolant temperature to 70 to 80 °C

[158 to 176 °F].

2. Open the coolant inlet.

3. Place coolant receiving cans under the drain cocks

and plugs, and open the coolant drain cocks and

plugs to drain the coolant.

Fig. 8-21 Coolant Drain Cock (Engine)

The service life of LLC is 2 years. Be sure to change coolant at least once every 2 years.

When using the engine with radiator cooling system,

remove the radiator cap only after the engine has

cooled to the room temperature. Place a waste cloth

over the cap, and loosen the cap about a half-turn or

stand the lever to the upright position to release inter-

nal pressure. Opening the radiator cap of coolant

expansion tank while the engine is hot causes steam

and hot coolant to blow out and can result in skin

burns.

Turn the cap about half a turn

Stand the lever to the upright position

Coolant

drain cocks

Left side

Right side

The coolant drain cocks located in the crankcase respectively (behind the each fuel injection pump accessory drive unit).

8-17

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Cooling System - Clean

1. Close coolant drain cocks and plugs.

2. Pour in a cleaning solution (a solution that is non-

corrosive to rubber and metals) in the cooling sys-

tem, and operate the engine at 800 to 900 min

-1

for

about 15 minutes, then drain the cleaning solution.

3. Close coolant drain cocks and plugs.

4. Pour in fresh water, and operate the engine at 800

to 900 min

-1

for about 10 minutes.

Repeat the above rinsing steps until the draining

water becomes clear and clean.

Fig. 8-22 Coolant Drain Cock (Water Pump)

Coolant - Refill

1. Close coolant drain cocks and plugs firmly.

2. Open the coolant filler and add a mixture of water

and coolant having the specified concentration.

Note: Determine the amounts of LLC and wa ter to be

added by using the LLC concentration chart.

For the coolant, refer to "COOLANT" (6-1) . For

the coolant capacity, refer to "MAIN SPECIFICA-

TIONS" (12-1).

3. Check the heat exchange equipment and other

parts for coolant leaks. If a coolant leak is found, re-

pair it.

4. When coolant reaches the full level, close the cool-

ant filler securely.

5. While pulling the manual stop lever, rotate the

crankshaft for approx. 10 seconds using the starter.

Stop the operation for 1 minute, then, repeat the

operation two or three times to bleed the cooling

system.

Note: Prepare for the engine oil system.

6. Check the level of coolant.

Clean the cooling system when operating the engine

or heat exchange equipment first time, or restarting

the engine after storage with coolant drained.

Coolant drain cock

Always use the coolant having the same concentra-

tion.

8-18

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Radiator Fins - Check and Clean

Check the radiator fins for holes and cracks.

To clean the radiator fins, blow compressed air from

the opposite direction of the normal air flow.

Note: If the specification of radiator differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-23 Radiator fins - Clean

When handling compressed air, wear safety goggles,

a hardhat, gloves and other necessary protective

gear. Working without wearing proper protective gear

could result in serious injuries.

8-19

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Inlet and Exhaust Systems

Turbocharger - Inspect

Disconnect the pipe from the air inlet side. Hold the

compressor wheel nut by hand and turn the wheel to

check for looseness or rotation smoothness. Replace

the turbocharger if any abnormal movement is found.

Note: When removing an d inspecting turbocharger,

contact a dealer of Mitsubishi Heavy Indu stries,

Ltd.

Also, inspect that there is any disc oloration or

damage on the compressor wheel fins.

Fig. 8-24 Turbocharger - Inspect

Exhaust Muffler - Drain Water

Remove the drain plug and allow water to drain from

the exhaust muffler.

Note: If the specification of exhaust muffler differs from

the contents of this operation manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-25 Draining Water From the Exhaust Muffler

Check the turbocharger when the engine is cold.

Also, make sure that the compressor wheel is not

rotating before inspecting the turbocharger.

If the color of the exhaust gas is abnormal, also

inspect the turbocharger.

The exhaust muffler is very hot immediately after

operation. Never touch the exhaust muffler by hand.

Work must be conducted after the exhaust muffler

cools at the room temperature.

Drain plug

8-20

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging

1. Check the air cleaner indicator for the element

clogging.

2. If the element is clogged, the red signal mark will

be displayed.

3. Immediately clean or replace the air cleaner ele-

ment when the signal turns red.

Note: (a) For cleaning of the air cleaner element, refer

to "Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and

Replace" (8-21).

(b) If the specification of air cleaner differs from

the contents of this operation manual, follow

the manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-26 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging

Reset button

Signal (red)

8-21

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Air Cleaner Element - Clean, Check and Replace

1. Remove the air cleaner cap and wing bolt.

2. Remove the air cleaner element from the body.

3. Blow compressed air (0.69 MPa {7 kgf/cm

} [100

psi] or lower) onto the inside surface of the element

to remove foreign materials.

4. To remove dust stuck on the air cleaner element,

blow dry compressed air onto the outside surface

from a distance.

Blow compressed air on the inside surface toward

the outside along the pleats. Then, blow com-

pressed air on the outside and inside surface

again.

5. After cleaning, hold the air cleaner element near a

light bulb to illuminate the inside, to check for de-

fects such as cuts, pinholes or local wear.

6. If any defect is found, replace the air cleaner ele-

ment with a new one.

7. Reassemble the air cleaner element as it was.

Fig. 8-27 Air Cleaner Element - Remove

Fig. 8-28 Air Cleaner Element - Clean and Check

When handling compressed air, wear safety goggles, a dust mask, a hardhat, gloves and other necessary protec-

tive gear. Working without wearing proper protective gear could result in serious injuries.

Never perform maintenance on the air cleaner while the engine is running. Servicing the pre-cleaner while the

engine is running can cause particles of foreign material to enter the engine and result in rapid wear of parts, lead-

ing to a shorter service life of the engine. Never tap, hit or wash the air cleaner element.

If defects such as cuts, pinholes or local wear are found in the element, or if the air cleaner indicator shows a red

sign soon after the cleaned element is installed, change it for new one. Remove the air cleaner slowly to prevent

foreign materials accumulated on the element from falling off.

After removing the air cleaner, immediately cover the air inlet with plastic sheet or similar means to prevent foreign

materials from entering the engine.

Air cleaner element

Body

Wing bolt

Clean Check

8-22

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

8. After cleaning or replacing the air cleaner element,

press the reset button to reset the indicator.

Note: If the specification of air cleaner differs from the

contents of this opera tion manual, follow the

manufacturer's operation manual.

Fig. 8-29 Air Cleaner - Check for Clogging

Reset button

Signal (red)

8-23

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Electrical System

Battery - Check

Note: If the specification of battery differs from the c ontents of this operation manual, follow the manufacturer's op-

eration manual.

Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect

Battery electrolyte evaporates during use and the

electrolyte level gradually decreases. The proper elec-

trolyte surface level is between the LOWER LEVEL

and UPPER LEVEL lines.

For the battery without level lines, the proper electro-

lyte surface level is about 10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59

in.] above the top of the plates.

If the electrolyte level is low, remove the caps and add

distilled water to the proper level.

Note: When adding distilled water, add little by little.

Fig. 8-30 Battery Electrolyte Level - Inspect

Specific Gravity of Battery Electrolyte - Check

If the specific gravity measured at 20°C [68°F] is lower

than 1.22, then charge the electrolyte.

Fig. 8-31 Specific Gravity of Battery Electrolyte -

Check

If battery electrolyte is spilled on your skin or clothes, flush immediately with plenty of water. If battery electrolyte

get into your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water and then get medical attention.

Do not use open flames or other fire hazards near the battery. When handling the battery, be careful of sparks gen-

erated by accidental shorting.

UPPER LEVEL

LOWER LEVEL

10 to 15 mm [0.39 to 0.59 in.]

Proper

Table 8-4 Specific gravity of electrolyte

Specific gravity at 20 °C [68 °F]

Condition Remedy

From 1.26 to 1.28 Fully charged -

From 1.22 to 1.26 Charged Charge

Less than 1.22 Discharged Charge

Float

Electrolyte surface

Electrolyte

Glass tube

8-24

Chapter 8 PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Starter - Inspect

Visually check the starter for damage.

Note: If the starter is defective, consult a dealer of Mit-

subishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Fig. 8-32 Starter - Inspect

Alternator - Inspect

Visually check the alternator for damage.

Remove the belt, and turn the pulley by hand to make

sure that it rotates smoothly.

Note: If the alternator is defectiv e, consult a dealer of

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Fig. 8-33 Alternator - Inspect

Starter

Alternator

Mitsubishi S16R Operating Instructions Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual