Mitsubishi M30201M4T-XXXSP, M30201M4T-XXXFP, M30201M6T-XXXSP, M30201M6T-XXXFP, M30201F6T-XXXSP Datasheet
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Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Description
Description
The M30201 group of single-chip microcomputers are built using the high-performance silicon gate CMOS
process using a M16C/60 Series CPU core. M30201 group is packaged in a 52-pin plastic molded SDIP, or
56-pin plastic molded QFP. These single-chip microcomputers operate using sophisticated instructions
featuring a high level of instruction efficiency. With 1M bytes of address space, they are capable of executing instructions at high speed.
The M30201 group includes a wide range of products with different internal memory types and sizes and
various package types.
Features
• Basic machine instructions ..................Compatible with the M16C/60 series
• Memory capacity..................................ROM/RAM (See figure 1.4. ROM expansion.)
• Shortest instruction execution time......
• Supply voltage .....................................4.0 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=10MHz) :mask ROM version
• Interrupts..............................................13 internal and 3 external interrupt sources, 4 software
• Multifunction 16-bit timer......................Timer A x 1, timer B x 2, timer X x 3
• Clock output
• Serial I/O..............................................1 channel
• A-D converter.......................................10 bits X 8 channels (Expandable up to 13 channels)
• Watchdog timer....................................1 line
• Programmable I/O ...............................43 lines
• LED drive ports ....................................8 ports
• Clock generating circuit .......................2 built-in clock generation circuits
100ns (f(XIN)=10MHz)
2.7 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=3.5MHz ):mask ROM version
4.0 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=10MHz) :flash memory version
(including key input interrupt)
for UART or clock synchronous, 1 for UART
(built-in feedback resistor, and external ceramic or quartz oscillator)
Applications
Home appliances, Audio, office equipment, Automobiles
------Table of Contents------
Central Processing Unit (CPU) .....................12
Reset.............................................................15
Clock Generating Circuit ............................... 19
Protection......................................................26
Interrupts.......................................................27
Watchdog Timer............................................45
Timer.............................................................47
Serial I/O ....................................................... 74
A-D Converter ............................................... 88
Programmable I/O Ports ...............................98
Electric Characteristics ............................... 110
Flash Memory version.................................124
1
Description
Pin Configuration
Figures 1.1 to 1.2 show the pin configurations (top view).
PIN CONFIGURATION (top view)
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
P60/AN
P54/CK
OUT
P53/CLKS/AN
P52/CLK0/AN
P51/RXD0/AN
P50/TXD0/AN
P71/TB1IN/X
P70/TB0IN/X
RESET
P45/TX2
P44/INT1/TX1
P43/INT0/TX0
P42/RXD
P41/TA0
P40/TA0IN/TXD
AV
V
AV
/AN
CNV
COUT
X
INOUT
INOUT
INOUT
REF
CIN
OUT
V
X
V
OUT
P3
P3
P3
SS
CC
54
53
52
51
SS
SS
CC
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
M30201F6SP
8
50
9
M30201MX-XXXSP
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
IN
17
18
19
20
1
21
22
1
23
24
5
4
25
3
26
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
P61/AN
P62/AN
P63/AN
P64/AN
P65/AN
P66/AN
P67/AN
P00/KI
P01/KI
P02/KI
P03/KI
P04/KI
P05/KI
P06/KI
P07/KI
P3
P3
P3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
P10(LED0)
P1
1
(LED1)
P1
2
(LED2)
3
(LED3)
P1
P1
4
(LED4)
P1
5
(LED5)
6
(LED6)
P1
7
(LED7)
P1
0
1
2
Package: 52P4B
Figure 1.1. Pin configuration for the M30201 group (shrink DIP product) (top view)
2
Description
PIN CONFIGURATION (top view)
53
52
/AN
0
/CLK
/CLKS/AN
2
3
P5
P5
54
/AN
OUT
/CK
4
P5
N.C.
CC
AV
REF
V
0
/AN
0
P6
SS
AV
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
6
4
2
3
1
/AN
1
P6
/AN
2
P6
/AN
3
P6
/AN
4
P6
5
/AN
5
P6
/AN
6
P6
P51/RXD0/AN
P50/TXD0/AN
P71/TB1IN/X
P70/TB0IN/X
RESET
P45/TX2
P44/INT1/TX1
P43/INT0/TX0
CNV
COUT
N.C.
X
INOUT
INOUT
INOUT
OUT
V
X
V
51
50
SS
CIN
SS
CC
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
IN
M30201MX-XXXFP
M30201MXT-XXXFP
M30201F6FP
M30201F6TFP
11
12
13
14
16
OUT
/TA0
1
P4
17
1
D
X
/T
IN
/TA0
0
18
N.C.
5
P3
19
20
4
P3
21
3
P3
22
2
P3
23
1
P3
15
1
D
X
/R
2
P4
47
24
0
P3
46
25
)
7
(LED
7
P1
45
26
)
6
(LED
6
P1
44
27
)
5
(LED
5
P1
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
)
4
(LED
4
P1
P67/AN
7
N.C.
P00/KI
0
P01/KI
1
P02/KI
2
P03/KI
3
P04/KI
4
P05/KI
5
P06/KI
6
P07/KI
7
P10(LED0)
P11(LED1)
P1
2
(LED2)
P1
3
(LED3)
43
P4
Package: 56P6S-A
Figure 1.2. Pin configuration for the M30201 group (QFP product) (top view)
3
Description
A
A
A
Block Diagram
Figure 1.3 is a block diagram of the M30201 group.
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
I/O ports
Internal peripheral functions
Timer TA0 (16 bits)
Timer TB0 (16 bits)
Timer TB1 (16 bits)
Timer TX0 (16 bits)
Timer TX1 (16 bits)
Timer TX2 (16 bits)
Watchdog timer
Port P08Port P1
Timer
(15 bits)
8
Port P36Port P46Port P55Port P6
A-D converter
(10 bits X 8 channels
Expandable up to 13 channels)
UART/clock synchronous SI/O
(8 bits X 1 channel)
UART
(8 bits X 1 channel)
M16C/60 series16-bit CPU core
Registers
R0LR0H
R1H R1L
R0LR0H
R1H R1L
R2
R2
R3
R3
A0
A0
A1
A1
FB
FB
SB FLG
Program counter
PC
Vector table
INTB
Stack pointer
ISP
USP
8
System clock generator
IN-XOUT
X
X
CIN-XCOUT
Memory
AAAAA
AAAAA
ROM
(Note 1)
RAM
(Note 2)
AAAAA
Multiplier
2
Port P7
Note 1: ROM size depends on MCU type.
Note 2: RAM size depends on MCU type.
Figure 1.3. Block diagram for the M30201 group
4
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Description
Performance Outline
Table 1.1 is performance outline of M30201 group.
Table 1.1. Performance outline of M30201 group
Item Performance
Number of basic instructions 91 instructions
Shortest instruction execution time 100ns (f(XIN)=10MHz
Memory ROM (See figure 4. ROM expansion.)
capacity RAM (See figure 4. ROM expansion.)
I/O port P0 to P7 43 lines
Multifunction TA0 16 bits x 1
timer TB0, TB1 16 bits x 2
TX0, TX1, TX2 16 bits x 3
Serial I/O UART0 (UART or clock synchronous) x 1
UART1 UART x 1
A-D converter 10 bits x 8 channels (Expandable up to 13 channels)
Watchdog timer 15 bits x 1 (with prescaler)
Interrupt 13 internal and 3 external sources, 4 software sources
Clock generating circuit 2 built-in clock generation circuits
(built-in feedback resistor, and external ceramic or
quartz oscillator)
Supply voltage 4.0 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=10MHz) :mask ROM version
2.7 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=3.5MHz) :mask ROM version
4.0 to 5.5V (f(XIN)=10MHz) :flash memory version
Power consumption 11mW (f(XIN)=3.5MHz , Vcc=3V) :mask ROM version
95mW (f(XIN)=10MHz, Vcc=5V) :flash memory version
I/O I/O withstand voltage 5V
characteristics Output current 5mA (15mA:LED drive port)
Device configuration CMOS silicon gate
Package 52-pin plastic mold SDIP
56-pin plastic mold QFP
5
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Description
Mitsubishi plans to release the following products in the M30201 group:
(1) Support for mask ROM version and flash memory version
(2) ROM capacity
(3) Package
52P4B : Plastic molded SDIP (mask ROM version and flash memory version)
56P6S-A : Plastic molded QFP (mask ROM version and flash memory version)
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
Apr. 2001
RAM Size
(Byte)
2K
1K
512
16K
Figure 1.4. ROM expansion
Type No. M 3 0 2 0 1 M 4 T – X X X S P
M30201M4-XXXSP/FP
M30201M4T-XXXFP
32K
Package type:
SP : Package 52P4B
FP : Package 56P6S-A
ROM No.
Omitted for flash memory version
Shows difference of characteristics
and usage etc:
Nothing : Common
T : Automobiles
ROM capacity:
4 : 32K bytes
6 : 48K bytes
M30201F6SP/FP
M30201F6TFP
M30201M6-XXXFP
M30201M6T-XXXFP
48K
ROM Size
(Byte)
Figure 1.5. Type No., memory size, and package
6
Memory type:
M : Mask ROM version
F : Flash memory version
Shows pin count, etc
(The value itself has no specific meaning)
M30201 Group
M16C Family
Pin Description
Pin Description
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Pin name
VCC, V
SS
CNV
SS
RESET
X
IN
X
OUT
AV
CC
AV
SS
V
REF
P00 to P0
7
Signal name
Power supply
input
CNV
SS
Reset input
Clock input
Clock output
Analog power
supply input
Analog power
supply input
Reference
voltage input
I/O port P0
I/O type
Input
Input
Input
Output
Input
Input/output
Function
CC
Supply 2.7 to 5.5 V to the V
Connect it to the V
SS
pin.
pin. Supply 0 V to the VSS pin.
A “L” on this input resets the microcomputer.
These pins are provided for the main clock generating circuit.
Connect a ceramic resonator or crystal between the X
OUT
pins. To use an externally derived clock, input it to the
X
X
IN
pin and leave the X
OUT
pin open.
IN
and the
This pin is a power supply input for the A-D converter. Connect
it to V
CC
.
This pin is a power supply input for the A-D converter. Connect
it to V
SS
.
This pin is a reference voltage input for the A-D converter.
This is an 8-bit CMOS I/O port. It has an input/output port
direction register that allows the user to set each pin for input or
output individually. When set for input, the user can specify in
units of four bits via software whether or not they are tied to a
pull-up resistor.
P10 to P1
P30 to P3
P40 to P4
P50 to P5
P60 to P6
P70 to P71
I/O port P1
7
I/O port P3
5
I/O port P4
5
I/O port P5 Input/output
4
I/O port P6
7
I/O port P7
Input/output
Input/output
Input/output
Input/output
Input/output
This is an 8-bit I/O port equivalent to P0.
This is a 6-bit I/O port equivalent to P0.
This is a 6-bit I/O port equivalent to P0. The P4
with timer A0 input and serial I/O output TxD1. The P4
shared with timer A0 output. The P4
3
I/O input RxD1. The P4
pin is shared with external interrupt
INT0 and timer X0 input/output TX0
2
pin is shared with serial
INOUT
0
pin is shared
1
pin is
. The P44 pin is
shared with external interrupt INT1 and timer X1 input/output
TX1
INOUT
. The P45 pin is shared with timer X2 input/output
INOUT
TX2
This is a 5-bit I/O port equivalent to P0. The P5
P5
and CLKS. The P5
Also, these pins are shared with analog input pins AN
through AN
.
0
, P51, P52, and
3
pins are shared with serial I/O pins TxD0, RxD0, CLK0,
4
pin is shared with clock output CLK
50
54
.
OUT
.
This is an 8-bit I/O port equivalent to P0. These pins are shared
0
with analog input pins AN
through AN7.
This is a 2-bit I/O port equivalent to P0 . These pins are used
for input/output to and from the oscillator circuit for the clock.
Connect a crystal oscillator between the X
CIN
and the X
COUT
pins.
7
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Memory
Operation of Functional Blocks
The M30201 accommodates certain units in a single chip. These units include ROM and RAM to store
instructions and data and the central processing unit (CPU) to execute arithmetic/logic operations. Also
included are peripheral units such as timers, serial I/O, A-D converter, and I/O ports.
The following explains each unit.
Memory
Figure 1.6 is a memory map of the M30201. The address space extends the 1M bytes from address
0000016 to FFFFF16. From FFFFF16 down is ROM. For example, in the M30201M4-XXXSP, there is 32K
bytes of internal ROM from F800016 to FFFFF16. The vector table for fixed interrupts such as the reset are
mapped to FFFDC16 to FFFFF16. The starting address of the interrupt routine is stored here. The address
of the vector table for timer interrupts, etc., can be set as desired using the internal register (INTB). See the
section on interrupts for details.
From 0040016 up is RAM. For example, in the M30201M4-XXXSP, there is 1K byte of internal RAM from
0040016 to 007FF16. In addition to storing data, the RAM also stores the stack used when calling subroutines and when interrupts are generated.
The SFR area is mapped to 0000016 to 003FF16. This area accommodates the control registers for peripheral devices such as I/O ports, A-D converter, serial I/O, and timers, etc. Any part of the SFR area that is not
occupied is reserved and cannot be used for other purposes.
The special page vector table is mapped to FFE0016 to FFFDB16. If the starting addresses of subroutines
or the destination addresses of jumps are stored here, subroutine call instructions and jump instructions
can be used as 2-byte instructions, reducing the number of program steps.
RAM size
1K bytes
2K bytes
ROM size
32K bytes
48K bytes
Address
YYYYY
007FF
00BFF
Address
XXXXX
F8000
F4000
16
16
16
16
16
16
Figure 1.6. Memory map
00000
00400
YYYYY
XXXXX
FFFFF
16
16
16
16
16
SFR area
For details, see
Figures 1.7 to 1.8
Internal RAM area
Internal ROM area
FFE00
FFFDC
FFFFF
16
Special page
vector table
16
Undefined instruction
Overflow
BRK instruction
Address match
Single step
Watchdog timer
DBC
16
Reset
8
Memory
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
000016
000116
000216
000316
Processor mode register 0 (PM0)
000416
000516
Processor mode register 1(PM1)
000616
System clock control register 0 (CM0)
000716
System clock control register 1 (CM1)
000816
Address match interrupt enable register (AIER)
000916
Protect register (PRCR)
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
Watchdog timer start register (WDTS)
000E16
Watchdog timer control register (WDC)
000F16
001016
001116
Address match interrupt register 0 (RMAD0)
001216
001316
001416
Address match interrupt register 1 (RMAD1)
001516
001616
001716
001816
001916
001A16
001B16
001C16
001D16
001E16
001F16
002016
002116
002216
002316
002416
002516
002616
002716
002816
002916
002A16
002B16
002C16
002D16
002E16
002F16
003016
003116
003216
003316
003416
003516
003616
003716
003816
003916
003A16
003B16
003C16
003D16
003E16
003F16
004016
004116
004216
004316
004416
004516
004616
004716
004816
004916
004A16
004B16
004C16
Key input interrupt control register (KUPIC)
004D16
A-D conversion interrupt control register (ADIC)
004E16
004F16
005016
UART0 transmit interrupt control register (S0TIC)
005116
UART0 receive interrupt control register (S0RIC)
005216
UART1 transmit interrupt control register (S1TIC)
005316
UART1 receive interrupt control register (S1RIC)
005416
Timer A0 interrupt control register (TA0IC)
005516
Timer X0 interrupt control register (TX0IC)
005616
Timer X1 interrupt control register (TX1IC)
005716
Timer X2 interrupt control register (TX2IC)
005816
005916
Timer B0 interrupt control register (TB0IC)
005A16
Timer B1 interrupt control register (TB1IC)
005B16
005C16
INT0 interrupt control register (INT0IC)
005D16
INT1 interrupt control register (INT1IC)
005E16
005F16
Note: Locations in the SFR area where nothing is allocated are reserved areas. Do not access these areas for
read or write.
Figure 1.7. Location of peripheral unit control registers (1)
9
Memory
0380
0381
0382
0383
0384
0385
0386
0387
0388
0389
038A
038B
038C
038D
038E
038F
0390
0391
0392
0393
0394
0395
0396
0397
0398
0399
039A
039B
039C
039D
039E
039F
03A0
03A1
03A2
03A3
03A4
03A5
03A6
03A7
03A8
03A9
03AA
03AB
03AC
03AD
03AE
03AF
03B0
03B1
03B2
03B3
03B4
03B5
03B6
03B7
03B8
03B9
03BA
03BB
03BC
03BD
03BE
03BF
Note 1: This register is only exist in flash memory version.
Note 2: Locations in the SFR area where nothing is allocated are reserved areas. Do not access these areas for read or write.
16
Count start flag (TABSR)
16
Clock prescaler reset flag (CPSRF)
16
One-shot start flag (ONSF)
16
Trigger select register (TRGSR)
16
Up-down flag (UDF)
16
16
Timer A0 (TA0)
16
16
Timer X0 (TX0)
16
16
Timer X1 (TX1)
16
16
Timer X2 (TX2)
16
16
Clock divided counter (CDC)
16
16
Timer B0 (TB0)
16
16
Timer B1 (TB1)
16
16
16
16
Timer A0 mode register (TA0MR)
16
Timer X0 mode register (TX0MR)
16
Timer X1 mode register (TX1MR)
16
Timer X2 mode register (TX2MR)
16
16
Timer B0 mode register (TB0MR)
16
Timer B1 mode register (TB1MR)
16
16
16
16
UART0 transmit/receive mode register (U0MR)
16
UART0 bit rate generator (U0BRG)
16
UART0 transmit buffer register (U0TB)
16
16
UART0 transmit/receive control register 0 (U0C0)
16
UART0 transmit/receive control register 1 (U0C1)
16
UART0 receive buffer register (U0RB)
16
16
UART1 transmit/receive mode register (U1MR)
16
UART1 bit rate generator (U1BRG)
16
UART1 transmit buffer register (U1TB)
16
16
UART1 transmit/receive control register 0 (U1C0)
16
UART1 transmit/receive control register 1 (U1C1)
16
UART1 receive buffer register (U1RB)
16
16
UART transmit/receive control register 2 (UCON)
16
16
16
16
Flash memory control register 0 (FCON0) (Note1)
16
Flash memory control register 1 (FCON1) (Note1)
16
Flash command register (FCMD) (Note)
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
03C016
A-D register 0 (AD0)
03C116
03C216
A-D register 1 (AD1)
03C316
03C416
A-D register 2 (AD2)
03C516
03C616
A-D register 3 (AD3)
03C716
03C816
A-D register 4 (AD4)
03C916
03CA16
A-D register 5 (AD5)
03CB16
03CC16
A-D register 6 (AD6)
03CD16
03CE16
A-D register 7 (AD7)
03CF16
03D016
03D116
03D216
03D316
03D416
A-D control register 2 (ADCON2)
03D516
03D616
A-D control register 0 (ADCON0)
03D716
A-D control register 1 (ADCON1)
03D816
03D916
03DA16
03DB16
03DC16
03DD16
03DE16
03DF16
03E016
Port P0 (P0)
03E116
Port P1 (P1)
03E216
Port P0 direction register (PD0)
03E316
Port P1 direction register (PD1)
03E416
Port P2 (P2) (Reserved)
03E516
Port P3 (P3)
03E616
Port P2 direction register (PD2) (Reserved)
03E716
Port P3 direction register (PD3)
03E816
Port P4 (P4)
03E916
Port P5 (P5)
03EA16
Port P4 direction register (PD4)
03EB16
Port P5 direction register (PD5)
03EC16
Port P6 (P6)
03ED16
Port P7 (P7)
03EE16
Port P6 direction register (PD6)
03EF16
Port P7 direction register (PD7)
03F016
03F116
03F216
03F316
03F416
03F516
03F616
03F716
03F816
03F916
03FA16
03FB16
03FC16
Pull-up control register 0 (PUR0)
03FD16
Pull-up control register 1 (PUR1)
03FE16
Port P1 drive control register (DRR)
03FF16
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
Figure 1.8. Location of peripheral unit control registers (2)
10
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
CPU
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The CPU has a total of 13 registers shown in Figure 1.9. Seven of these registers (R0, R1, R2, R3, A0, A1,
and FB) come in two sets; therefore, these have two register banks.
R0
R1
R2
R3
A0
A1
FB
(Note)
(Note)
(Note)
(Note)
(Note)
(Note)
(Note)
b15
b15
b15
b15
b15
b15
b15
b8 b7 b0
H
b8 b7 b0
H
L
b19
L
PC
b0
Program counter
Data
b0
b0
b0
registers
INTB
b19
H
USP
ISP
b15
b15
b0
L
Interrupt table
register
b0
User stack pointer
b0
Interrupt stack
pointer
Address
b0
b0
registers
Frame base
registers
SB
FLG
b15
b15
b0
Static base
register
b0
Flag register
IPL
CDZSBOIU
Note: These registers consist of two register banks.
Figure 1.9. Central processing unit register
(1) Data registers (R0, R0H, R0L, R1, R1H, R1L, R2, and R3)
Data registers (R0, R1, R2, and R3) are configured with 16 bits, and are used primarily for transfer and
arithmetic/logic operations.
Registers R0 and R1 each can be used as separate 8-bit data registers, high-order bits as (R0H, R1H),
and low-order bits as (R0L, R1L). In some instructions, registers R2 and R0, as well as R3 and R1 can
use as 32-bit data registers (R2R0, R3R1).
(2) Address registers (A0 and A1)
Address registers (A0 and A1) are configured with 16 bits, and have functions equivalent to those of data
registers. These registers can also be used for address register indirect addressing and address register
relative addressing.
In some instructions, registers A1 and A0 can be combined for use as a 32-bit address register (A1A0).
11
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
CPU
(3) Frame base register (FB)
Frame base register (FB) is configured with 16 bits, and is used for FB relative addressing.
(4) Program counter (PC)
Program counter (PC) is configured with 20 bits, indicating the address of an instruction to be executed.
(5) Interrupt table register (INTB)
Interrupt table register (INTB) is configured with 20 bits, indicating the start address of an interrupt vector
table.
(6) Stack pointer (USP/ISP)
Stack pointer comes in two types: user stack pointer (USP) and interrupt stack pointer (ISP), each configured with 16 bits.
Your desired type of stack pointer (USP or ISP) can be selected by a stack pointer select flag (U flag).
This flag is located at the position of bit 7 in the flag register (FLG).
(7) Static base register (SB)
Static base register (SB) is configured with 16 bits, and is used for SB relative addressing.
(8) Flag register (FLG)
Flag register (FLG) is configured with 11 bits, each bit is used as a flag. Figure 1.10 shows the flag
register (FLG). The following explains the function of each flag:
• Bit 0: Carry flag (C flag)
This flag retains a carry, borrow, or shift-out bit that has occurred in the arithmetic/logic unit.
• Bit 1: Debug flag (D flag)
This flag enables a single-step interrupt.
When this flag is “1”, a single-step interrupt is generated after instruction execution. This flag is
cleared to “0” when the interrupt is acknowledged.
• Bit 2: Zero flag (Z flag)
This flag is set to “1” when an arithmetic operation resulted in 0; otherwise, cleared to “0”.
• Bit 3: Sign flag (S flag)
This flag is set to “1” when an arithmetic operation resulted in a negative value; otherwise, cleared to
“0”.
• Bit 4: Register bank select flag (B flag)
This flag chooses a register bank. Register bank 0 is selected when this flag is “0” ; register bank 1 is
selected when this flag is “1”.
• Bit 5: Overflow flag (O flag)
This flag is set to “1” when an arithmetic operation resulted in overflow; otherwise, cleared to “0”.
• Bit 6: Interrupt enable flag (I flag)
This flag enables a maskable interrupt.
An interrupt is disabled when this flag is “0”, and is enabled when this flag is “1”. This flag is cleared to
“0” when the interrupt is acknowledged.
12
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
CPU
• Bit 7: Stack pointer select flag (U flag)
Interrupt stack pointer (ISP) is selected when this flag is “0” ; user stack pointer (USP) is selected
when this flag is “1”.
This flag is cleared to “0” when a hardware interrupt is acknowledged or an INT instruction of software
interrupt Nos. 0 to 31 is executed.
• Bits 8 to 11: Reserved area
• Bits 12 to 14: Processor interrupt priority level (IPL)
Processor interrupt priority level (IPL) is configured with three bits, for specification of up to eight
processor interrupt priority levels from level 0 to level 7.
If a requested interrupt has priority greater than the processor interrupt priority level (IPL), the interrupt
is enabled.
• Bit 15: Reserved area
The C, Z, S, and O flags are changed when instructions are executed. See the software manual for
details.
IPL
b0b15
Flag register (FLG)
CDZSBOIU
Carry flag
Debug flag
Zero flag
Sign flag
Register bank select flag
Overflow flag
Interrupt enable flag
Stack pointer select flag
Reserved area
Processor interrupt priority level
Reserved area
Figure 1.10. Flag register (FLG)
13
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Reset
Reset
There are two kinds of resets; hardware and software. In both cases, operation is the same after the reset.
(See “Software Reset” for details of software resets.) This section explains on hardware resets.
When the supply voltage is in the range where operation is guaranteed, a reset is effected by holding the
reset pin level “L” (0.2VCC max.) for at least 20 cycles. When the reset pin level is then returned to the “H”
level while main clock is stable, the reset status is cancelled and program execution resumes from the
address in the reset vector table.
Figure 1.11 shows the example reset circuit. Figure 1.12 shows the reset sequence.
5V
VCC
RESET
VCC
0V
5V
RESET
0V
Figure 1.11. Example reset circuit
IN
X
More than 20 cycles are needed
RESET
BCLK
(Internal clock)
BCLK 24cycles
4.0V
0.8V
Example when VCC = 5V.
RESET
VCC
Power source voltage
detection circuit
5V
VCC
0V
5V
RESET
0V
Content of reset vector
4.0V
Address
(Internal address
signal)
Figure 1.12. Reset sequence
14
FFFFC
16
FFFFE
16
Reset
(1)
Processor mode register 0
(2)
Processor mode register 1
(3)
System clock control register 0
(4)
System clock control register 1
Address match interrupt
(5)
enable register
(6)
Protect register
(7)
Watchdog timer control register
Address match interrupt
(8)
register 0
Address match interrupt
(9)
register 1
Key input interrupt control register
(10)
A-D conversion interrupt
(11)
control register
UART0 transmit interrupt control
(12)
register
UART0 receive interrupt control
(13)
register
UART1 transmit interrupt control
(14)
register
UART1 receive interrupt control
(15)
register
(16)
Timer A0 interrupt control register
(17)
Timer X0 interrupt control register
(18)
Timer X1 interrupt control register
(19)
Timer X2 interrupt control register
(20)
Timer B0 interrupt control register
(21)
Timer B1 interrupt control register
(22)
INT0 interrupt control register
(23)
INT1 interrupt control register
(24)
Count start flag
(25)
(26)
One-shot start flag
(27)
Trigger select flag
(28)
Up-down flag
Timer A0 mode register
(29)
Timer X0 mode register
(30)
Timer X1 mode register
(31)
Timer X2 mode register
(32)
(0004
(0005
(0006
(0007
(0009
(000A
(000F
(0010
(0011
(0012
(0014
(0015
(0016
(004D
(004E
(0051
(0052
(0053
(0054
(0055
(0056
(0057
(0058
(005A
(005B
(005D
(005E
(0380
(0381
(0382
(0383
(0384
(0396
(0397
(0398
(0399
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
01001000
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
000?????
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···Clock prescaler reset flag
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
00
00
00
00
00 000?
00 000?
0000000
0
00
00
00
00
00
00
0
00
000
16
16
0000
16
16
0000
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
000?
0000
16
16
16
16
16
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Timer B0 mode register
(33)
0000
Timer B1 mode register
(34)
00
UART0 transmit/receive mode
(35)
register
UART0 transmit/receive control
(36)
000 00001
register 0
UART0 transmit/receive control
(37)
register 1
UART1 transmit/receive mode
(38)
register
UART1 transmit/receive control
(39)
register 0
UART1 transmit/receive control
(40)
register 1
UART transmit/receive control
(41)
register 2
Flash memory control register 0
(42)
(Note )
Flash memory control register 1
(43)
(Note)
Flash command register
(44)
A-D control register 2
(45)
A-D control register 0
(46)
A-D control register 1
(47)
Port P0 direction register
(48)
Port P1 direction register
(49)
Port P2 direction register
(50)
Port P3 direction register
(51)
Port P4 direction register
(52)
Port P5 direction register
(53)
Port P6 direction register
(54)
Port P7 direction register
(55)
Pull-up control register 0
(56)
Pull-up control register 1
(57)
Port P1 drive capacity control
(58)
register
Data registers (R0/R1/R2/R3)
(59)
Address registers (A0/A1)
(60)
Frame base register (FB)
(61)
Interrupt table register (INTB)
(62)
User stack pointer (USP)
(63)
Interrupt stack pointer (ISP)
(64)
Static base register (SB)
(65)
Flag register (FLG)
(66)
(039B
(039C
(03A0
(03A4
(03A5
(03A8
(03AC
(03AD
(03B0
(03B4
(03B5
(03B6
(03D4
(03D6
(03D7
(03E2
(03E3
(03E6
(03E7
(03EA
(03EB
(03EE
(03EF
(03FC
(03FD
(03FE
16
)···
00 0000?
16
)···
00 0000?
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
16
)···
00
00010000
00000100
00
00010000
00000100
000000
0100
00
00000???
00
00
00
0000000
000000
000000
00000
00
00
00
00
0000
0000
0000
00000
0000
0000
0000
0000
16
16
0000
00
16
0
000
16
16
16
16
00
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
x : Nothing is mapped to this bit
? : Undefined
The content of other registers and RAM is undefined when the microcomputer is reset. The initial values
must therefore be set.
Note: This register is only exist in flash memory version.
Figure 1.13. Device's internal status after a reset is cleared
15
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Software Reset
Software Reset
Writing “1” to bit 3 of the processor mode register 0 (address 000416) applies a (software) reset to the
microcomputer. A software reset has almost the same effect as a hardware reset. The contents of internal
RAM are preserved.
Figure 1.14 shows the processor mode register 0 and 1.
Processor mode register 0 (Note)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol Address When reset
PM0 0004
000
16
XXXX0000
2
Reserved bit
PM03
Nothing is assigned.
In an attempt to write to these bits, write “0”. The value, if read, turns
out to be
Note: Set bit 1 of the protect register (address 000A
indeterminate.
values to this register.
Processor mode register 1 (Note)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
00
Symbol Address When reset
PM1 0005
0
Reserved bit
Nothing is assigned.
In an attempt to write to these bits, write “0”. The value, if read, turns
out to be
Reserved bit
indeterminate.
Bit name FunctionBit symbol
Software reset bit
16
Bit name FunctionBit symbol
Must always be set to “0”
The device is reset when this bit
is set to “1”. The value of this bit
is “0” when read.
16
) to “1” when writing new
0XXXXXX0
2
Must always be set to “0”
Must always be set to “0”
WR
WR
Note: Set bit 1 of the protect register (address 000A
to this register.
Figure 1.14. Processor mode register 0 and 1.
16
16
) to “1” when writing new values
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
Clock Generating Circuit
The clock generating circuit contains two oscillator circuits that supply the operating clock sources to the
CPU and internal peripheral units.
Table 1.2. Main clock and sub-clock generating circuits
Main clock generating circuit Sub clock generating circuit
Use of clock • CPU’s operating clock source • CPU’s operating clock source
• Internal peripheral units’ • Timer A/B/X’s count clock
operating clock source source
Usable oscillator Ceramic or crystal oscillator Crystal oscillator
Pins to connect oscillator XIN, XOUT XCIN, XCOUT
Oscillation stop/restart function Available Available
Oscillator status immediately after reset
Oscillating Stopped
Other Externally derived clock can be input
Example of oscillator circuit
Figure 1.15 shows some examples of the main clock circuit, one using an oscillator connected to the circuit,
and the other one using an externally derived clock for input. Figure 1.16 shows some examples of subclock circuits, one using an oscillator connected to the circuit, and the other one using an externally derived
clock for input. Circuit constants in Figures 15 and 16 vary with each oscillator used. Use the values
recommended by the manufacturer of your oscillator.
M30201
(Built-in feedback resistor)
X
IN
X
OUT
(Note)
R
d
C
IN
C
OUT
Figure 1.15. Examples of main clock
M30201
(Built-in feedback resistor)
X
CIN
C
CIN
X
COUT
(Note)
R
Cd
C
COUT
M30201
(Built-in feedback resistor)
X
IN
Externally derived clock
Vcc
Vss
M30201
(Built-in feedback resistor)
X
CIN
Externally derived clock
Vcc
Vss
X
Open
X
COUT
Open
OUT
Note: Insert a damping resistor if
required. The resistance will
vary depending on the
oscillator and the oscillation
drive capacity setting. Use the
value recommended by the
maker of the oscillator.
When the oscillation drive
capacity is set to low, check
that oscillation is stable. Also,
if the oscillator manufacturer's
data sheet specifies that a
feedback resistor be added
external to the chip, insert a
feedback resistor between X
and X
OUT
CIN
and X
following the
COUT
following the
instruction.
Note: Insert a damping resistor if
required. The resistance will
vary depending on the oscillator
and the oscillation drive
capacity setting. Use the value
recommended by the maker of
the oscillator.
When the oscillation drive
capacity is set to low, check that
oscillation is stable. Also,
if the oscillator manufacturer's
data sheet specifies that a
feedback resistor be added
external to the chip, insert a
feedback resistor between
X
instruction.
IN
Figure 1.16. Examples of sub-clock
17
Clock Generating Circuit
Clock Control
Figure 1.17 shows the block diagram of the clock generating circuit.
X
CIN
CM04
X
COUT
Sub clock
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
f
C32
1/32
f
C
f
1
f
AD
f
8
RESET
Software reset
Interrupt request
level judgment output
CM10 “1”
Write signal
WAIT instruction
CM0i : Bit i at address 0006
CM1i : Bit i at address 0007
WDCi : Bit i at address 000F
S
R
R
f
c
CM06=1
32
d
f
C
CM07=1
CM07=0
BCLK
c
1/2
CM06=0
CM17,CM16=11
d
Q
QS
CM05
X
IN
Main clock
X
OUT
CM02
b
a
Divider
b
a
16
16
16
1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2
CM06=0
CM17,CM16=10
CM06=0
CM17,CM16=01
CM06=0
CM17,CM16=00
Details of divider
Figure 1.17. Clock generating circuit
18
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
The following paragraphs describes the clocks generated by the clock generating circuit.
(1) Main clock
The main clock is generated by the main clock oscillation circuit. After a reset, the clock is divided by 8 to
BCLK. The clock can be stopped using the main clock stop bit (bit 5 at address 000616). Stopping the
clock, after switching the operating clock source of CPU to the sub-clock, reduces the power dissipation.
After the oscillation of the main clock oscillation circuit has stabilized, the drive capacity of the main clock
oscillation circuit can be reduced using the XIN-XOUT drive capacity select bit (bit 5 at address 000716).
Reducing the drive capacity of the main clock oscillation circuit reduces the power dissipation. This bit
changes to “1” when shifting from high-speed/medium-speed mode to stop mode and at a reset. When
shifting from low-speed/low power dissipation mode to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
(2) Sub-clock
The sub-clock is generated by the sub-clock oscillation circuit. No sub-clock is generated after a reset.
After oscillation is started using the port Xc select bit (bit 4 at address 000616), the sub-clock can be
selected as BCLK by using the system clock select bit (bit 7 at address 000616). However, be sure that the
sub-clock oscillation has fully stabilized before switching.
After the oscillation of the sub-clock oscillation circuit has stabilized, the drive capacity of the sub-clock
oscillation circuit can be reduced using the XCIN-XCOUT drive capacity select bit (bit 3 at address 000616).
Reducing the drive capacity of the sub-clock oscillation circuit reduces the power dissipation. This bit
changes to “1” when shifting to stop mode and at a reset.
(3) BCLK
The BCLK is the clock that drives the CPU, and is fc or the clock is derived by dividing the main clock by
1, 2, 4, 8, or 16. The BCLK is derived by dividing the main clock by 8 after a reset.
The main clock division select bit 0(bit 6 at address 000616) changes to “1” when shifting from highspeed/medium-speed to stop mode and at reset. When shifting from low-speed/low power dissipation
mode to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
(4) Peripheral function clock (f1, f8, f32, fAD)
The clock for the peripheral devices is derived from the main clock or by dividing it by 8 or 32. The
peripheral function clock is stopped by stopping the main clock or by setting the WAIT peripheral
function clock stop bit (bit 2 at 000616) to “1” and then executing a WAIT instruction.
(5) fC32
This clock is derived by dividing the sub-clock by 32. It is used for the timer A, timer B and timer X counts.
(6) fC
This clock has the same frequency as the sub-clock. It is used for BCLK and for the watchdog timer.
19
Clock Generating Circuit
Figure 1.18 shows the system clock control registers 0 and 1.
System clock control register 0 (Note 1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol Address When reset
CM0 0006
16
48
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
16
Bit name FunctionBit symbol
CM00
Clock output function
select bit
CM01
CM02
CM03
CM04
CM05
CM06
CM07
WAIT peripheral function
clock stop bit
X
CIN-XCOUT
drive capacity
select bit (Note 2)
Port XC select bit 0 : I/O port
Main clock (XIN-X
OUT
stop bit (Note 3,4,5)
Main clock division select
bit 0 (Note 7)
System clock select bit
(Note 6)
Note 1: Set bit 0 of the protect register (address 000A16) to “1” before writing to this register.
Note 2: Changes to “1” when shifting to stop mode and at a reset.
Note 3: This bit is used to stop the main clock when placing the device in a low-power mode. If you want to operate with X
after exiting from the stop mode, set this bit to “0”. When operating with a self-excited oscillator, set the system clock
select bit (CM07) to “1” before setting this bit to “1”.
Note 4: When inputting external clock, only clock oscillation buffer is stopped and clock input is acceptable.
Note 5: If this bit is set to “1”, X
X
OUT
(“H”) via the feedback resistor.
OUT
turns “H”. The built-in feedback resistor remains being connected, so XIN turns pulled up to
Note 6: Set port Xc select bit (CM04) to “1” and stabilize the sub-clock oscillating before setting to this bit from “0” to “1”.
Do not write to both bits at the same time. And also, set the main clock stop bit (CM05) to “0” and stabilize the main clock
oscillating before setting this bit from “1” to “0”.
Note 7: This bit changes to “1” when shifting from high-speed/medium-speed mode to stop mode and at a reset. When shifting
from low-speed/low power dissipation mode to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
Note 8: f
C32
is not included. Do not set to “1” when using low-speed or low power dissipation mode.
b1 b0
0 0 : I/O port P5
4
0 1 : fC output
1 0 : f
8
output
1 1 : Clock divide counter output
0 : Do not stop peripheral function clock in wait mode
1 : Stop peripheral function clock in wait mode (Note 8)
0 : LOW
1 : HIGH
CIN-XCOUT
1 : X
)
0 : On
generation
1 : Off
0 : CM16 and CM17 valid
1 : Division by 8 mode
0 : XIN, X
OUT
1 : X
CIN
, X
COUT
IN
WR
System clock control register 1 (Note 1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
00
00
Note 1: Set bit 0 of the protect register (address 000A16) to “1” before writing to this register.
Note 2: This bit changes to “1” when shifting from high-speed/medium-speed mode to stop mode and at a reset. When shifting
from low-speed/low power dissipation mode to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
Note 3: Can be selected when bit 6 of the system clock control register 0 (address 000616) is “0”. If “1”, division mode is fixed at 8.
Note 4: If this bit is set to “1”, X
Symbol Address When reset
CM1 0007
16
20
16
Bit name FunctionBit symbol
CM10
All clock stop control bit
(Note 4)
Reserved bit
Reserved bit
Reserved bit
Reserved bit
IN-XOUT
drive capacity
CM15
CM16
X
select bit (Note 2)
Main clock division
select bit 1 (Note 3)
CM17
OUT
turns “H”, and the built-in feedback resistor is cut off. X
0 : Clock on
1 : All clocks off (stop mode)
Always set to
Always set to
Always set to
Always set to
0 : LOW
1 : HIGH
b7 b6
0 0 : No division mode
0 1 : Division by 2 mode
1 0 : Division by 4 mode
1 1 : Division by 16 mode
“0”
“0”
“0”
“0”
CIN
and X
COUT
turn high-impedance state.
Figure 1.18. Clock control registers 0 and 1
WR
20
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
Clock Output
The clock output function select bit allows you to choose the clock from f8, fc, or a divide-by-n clock that is
output from the P54/CKOUT pin. The clock divide counter is an 8-bit counter whose count source is f32, and
its divide ratio can be set in the range of 0016 to FF16. Figure 1.19 shows a block diagram of clock output.
Clock source
selection
P5
4
f
8
f
C
P54/CK
OUT
1/2
f
32
Clock divided couter (8)
Division n+1 n=0016 to FF
Reload register (8)
Low-order 8 bits
Data bus low-order bits
Figure 1.19. Block diagram of clock output
16
Address 038E
16
Example:
When f(X
16 :
n=07
n=26
16 :
n=4D
16 :
n=9B
16 :
IN
)=10MHz
approx. 19.5kHz
approx. 4.0kHz
approx. 2.0kHz
approx. 1.0kHz
21
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
Stop Mode, Wait Mode
Stop Mode
Writing “1” to the all-clock stop control bit (bit 0 at address 000716) stops all oscillation and the microcomputer enters stop mode. In stop mode, the content of the internal RAM is retained provided that VCC remains
above 2V.
Because the oscillation of BCLK, f1 to f32, fc, fc32, and fAD stops in stop mode, peripheral functions such as
the A-D converter and watchdog timer do not function. However, timer A, timer B and timer X operate
provided that the event counter mode is set to an external pulse, and UART0 functions provided an external
clock is selected. Table 1.3 shows the status of the ports in stop mode.
Stop mode is cancelled by a hardware reset or an interrupt. If an interrupt is to be used to cancel stop mode,
that interrupt must first have been enabled. If returning by an interrupt, that interrupt routine is executed.
When shifting from high-speed/medium-speed mode to stop mode and at a reset, the main clock division
select bit 0 (bit 6 at address 000616) is set to “1”. When shifting from low-speed/low power dissipation mode
to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
Table 1.3. Port status during stop mode
Pin States
Port Retains status before stop mode
CLKOUT When fC selected “H”
When f8, clock devided Retains status before stop mode
counter output selected
Wait Mode
When a WAIT instruction is executed, BCLK stops and the microcomputer enters the wait mode. In this
mode, oscillation continues but BCLK and watchdog timer stop. Writing “1” to the WAIT peripheral function
clock stop bit and executing a WAIT instruction stops the clock being supplied to the internal peripheral
functions, allowing power dissipation to be reduced. However, peripheral function clock fC32 does not stop
so that the peripherals using fC32 do not contribute to the power saving. When the MCU running in lowspeed or low power dissipation mode, do not enter WAIT mode with this bit set to “1”. Table 1.4 shows the
status of the ports in wait mode.
Wait mode is cancelled by a hardware reset or interrupt. If an interrupt is used to cancel wait mode, the
microcomputer restarts from the interrupt routine using as BCLK, the clock that had been selected when the
WAIT instruction was executed.
Table 1.4. Port status during wait mode
Pin States
Port
CLKOUT When fC selected Does not stop
When f8, clock devided Does not stop when the WAIT
counter output selected peripheral function clock stop bit is “0”.
Retains status before wait mode
When the WAIT peripheralfunction
clock stop bit is “1”,the status immediately prior to entering wait mode is
maintained.
22
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
Status Transition of BCLK
Status Transition of BCLK
Power dissipation can be reduced and low-voltage operation achieved by changing the count source for
BCLK. Table 1.5 shows the operating modes corresponding to the settings of system clock control registers 0 and 1.
When reset, the device starts in division by 8 mode. The main clock division select bit 0(bit 6 at address
000616) changes to “1” when shifting from high-speed/medium-speed to stop mode and at a reset. When
shifting from low-speed/low power dissipation mode to stop mode, the value before stop mode is retained.
The following shows the operational modes of BCLK.
(1) Division by 2 mode
The main clock is divided by 2 to obtain the BCLK.
(2) Division by 4 mode
The main clock is divided by 4 to obtain the BCLK.
(3) Division by 8 mode
The main clock is divided by 8 to obtain the BCLK. When reset, the device starts operating from this
mode. Before the user can go from this mode to no division mode, division by 2 mode, or division by 4
mode, the main clock must be oscillating stably. When going to low-speed or lower power consumption
mode, make sure the sub-clock is oscillating stably.
(4) Division by 16 mode
The main clock is divided by 16 to obtain the BCLK.
(5) No-division mode
The main clock is divided by 1 to obtain the BCLK.
(6) Low-speed mode
fC is used as BCLK. Note that oscillation of both the main and sub-clocks must have stabilized before
transferring from this mode to another or vice versa. At least 2 to 3 seconds are required after the subclock starts. Therefore, the program must be written to wait until this clock has stabilized immediately
after powering up and after stop mode is cancelled.
(7) Low power dissipation mode
fC is the BCLK and the main clock is stopped.
Note : Before the count source for BCLK can be changed from XIN to XCIN or vice versa, the clock to which
the count source is going to be switched must be oscillating stably. Allow a wait time in software for
the oscillation to stabilize before switching over the clock.
Table 1.5. Operating modes dictated by settings of system clock control registers 0 and 1
CM17 CM16 CM07 CM06 CM05 CM04 Operating mode of BCLK
0 1 0 0 0 Invalid Division by 2 mode
1 0 0 0 0 Invalid Division by 4 mode
Invalid Invalid 0 1 0 Invalid Division by 8 mode
1 1 0 0 0 Invalid Division by 16 mode
0 0 0 0 0 Invalid No-division mode
Invalid Invalid 1 Invalid 0 1 Low-speed mode
Invalid Invalid 1 Invalid 1 1 Low power dissipation mode
23
Clock Generating Circuit
Power Saving
Power Saving
There are three power save modes.
(1) Normal operating mode
• High-speed mode
In this mode, one main clock cycle forms BCLK. The CPU operates on the BCLK. The peripheral
functions operate on the clocks specified for each respective function.
• Medium-speed mode
In this mode, the main clock is divided into 2, 4, 8, or 16 to form BCLK. The CPU operates on the
BCLK. The peripheral functions operated on the clocks specified for each respective function.
• Low-speed mode
In this mode, fc forms BCLK. The CPU operates on the fc clock. fc is the clock supplied by the
subclock. The peripheral functions operate on the clocks specified for each respective function.
• Low power-dissipation mode
This mode is selected when the main clock is stopped from low-speed mode. The CPU operates on
the fc clock. fc is the clock supplied by the subclock. Only the peripheral functions for which the
subclock was selected as the count source continue to run.
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M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
(2) Wait mode
CPU operation is halted in this mode. The oscillator continues to run.
(3) Stop mode
All oscillators stop in this mode. The CPU and internal peripheral functions all stop. Of all 3 power saving
modes, power savings are greatest in this mode.
Figure 1.20 shows the transition between each of the three modes, (1), (2), and (3).
24
Power Saving
Clock Generating Circuit
Transition of stop mode, wait mode
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Reset
All oscillators stopped
Stop mode
All oscillators stopped
Interrupt
Stop mode
All oscillators stopped
Stop mode
Transition of normal mode
Main clock is oscillating
Medium-speed mode
CM06 = “1”
Main clock is oscillating
Sub clock is oscillating
High-speed mode
BCLK : f(XIN)
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “0” CM16 = “0”
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-4 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/4
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “1” CM16 = “0”
CM04 = “0”
Medium-speed mode
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-16 mode)
CM10 = “1”
Interrupt
CM10 = “1”
CM10 = “1”
Interrupt
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-8 mode)
High-speed/medium-
Low-speed/low power
Sub clock is stopped
(divided-by-8 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/8
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “1”
CM04 = “1”
(Notes 1, 3)
(divided-by-2 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/2
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “0” CM16 = “1”
BCLK : f(XIN)/16
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “1” CM16 = “1”
CPU operation stopped
Wait mode
CPU operation stopped
Wait mode
CPU operation stopped
Wait mode
speed mode
dissipation mode
WAIT
instruction
Interrupt
WAIT
instruction
Interrupt
WAIT
instruction
Interrupt
Normal mode
(Refer to the following for the transition of normal mode.)
CM07 = “0” (Note 1)
CM06 = “1”
CM04 = “0”
Main clock is oscillating
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-8 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/8
CM07 = “0”
CM06 = “1”
CM07 = “0”
(Note 1, 3)
CM07 = “1”
(Note 2)
Sub clock is oscillating
Low-speed mode
BCLK : f(X
CM07 = “1”
CM05 = “0” CM05 = “1”
CIN
)
CM04 = “0” CM04 = “1”
High-speed mode
BCLK : f(XIN)
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “0” CM16 = “0”
CM06 = “0”
(Notes 1,3)
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-4 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/4
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “1” CM16 = “0”
Note 1: Switch clock after oscillation of main clock is sufficiently stable.
Note 2: Switch clock after oscillation of sub clock is sufficiently stable.
Note 3: Change CM06 after changing CM17 and CM16.
Note 4: Transit in accordance with arrow.
Figure 1.20. Clock transition
Main clock is oscillating
Sub clock is stopped
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-2 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/2
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “0” CM16 = “1”
Medium-speed mode
(divided-by-16 mode)
BCLK : f(XIN)/16
CM07 = “0” CM06 = “0”
CM17 = “1” CM16 = “1”
CM07 = “1” (Note 2)
CM05 = “1”
CM07 = “0” (Note 1)
CM06 = “0” (Note 3)
CM04 = “1”
Main clock is stopped
Sub clock is oscillating
Low power dissipation mode
BCLK : f(X
CM07 = “1”
CIN
)
25
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Clock Generating Circuit
Protection
Protection
The protection function is provided so that the values in important registers cannot be changed in the event
that the program runs out of control. Figure 1.21 shows the protect register. The values in the processor
mode register 0 (address 000416), processor mode register 1 (address 000516), system clock control register 0 (address 000616), system clock control register 1 (address 000716) and port P4 direction register
(address 03EA16) can only be changed when the respective bit in the protect register is set to “1”. Therefore, important outputs can be allocated to port P4.
If, after “1” (write-enabled) has been written to the port P4 direction register write-enable bit (bit 2 at address
000A16), a value is written to any address, the bit automatically reverts to “0” (write-inhibited). However, the
system clock control registers 0 and 1 write-enable bit (bit 0 at 000A16) and processor mode register 0 and
1 write-enable bit (bit 1 at 000A16) do not automatically return to “0” after a value has been written to an
address. The program must therefore be written to return these bits to “0”.
Protect register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Figure 1.21. Protect register
Symbol Address When reset
PRCR 000A
PRC0
PRC1
PRC2
Nothing is assigned.
In an attempt to write to these bits, write “0”. The value, if read, turns out to be
indeterminate.
Enables writing to system clock
control registers 0 and 1 (addresses
0006
16
and 0007
Enables writing to processor mode
registers 0 and 1 (addresses 0004
and 0005
Enables writing to port P4 direction
register (address 03EA
16
16
XXXXX000
Bit nameBit symbol
16
)
)
16
) (Note
2
0 : Write-inhibited
1 : Write-enabled
0 : Write-inhibited
16
1 : Write-enabled
0 : Write-inhibited
1 : Write-enabled
)
Function
Note: Writing a value to an address after “1” is written to this bit returns the bit
to “0” . Other bits do not automatically return to “0” and they must therefore
be reset by the program.
WR
26
Interrupts
Overview of Interrupt
Type of Interrupts
Figure 1.22 lists the types of interrupts.
Software
Interrupt
Hardware
Special
Peripheral I/O
Mitsubishi microcomputers
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Undefined instruction (UND instruction)
Overflow (INTO instruction)
BRK instruction
INT instruction
Reset
________
DBC
Watchdog timer
Single step
Address matched
*1
M30201 Group
*1
Peripheral I/O interrupts are generated by the peripheral functions built into the microcomputer system.
Figure 1.22. Classification of interrupts
• Maskable interrupt : An interrupt which can be enabled (disabled) by the interrupt enable flag (I
flag) or whose interrupt priority can be changed by priority level.
• Non-maskable interrupt : An interrupt which cannot be enabled (disabled) by the interrupt enable flag
(I flag) or whose interrupt priority cannot be changed by priority level.
27
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Interrupts
Software Interrupts
A software interrupt occurs when executing certain instructions. Software interrupts are non-maskable
interrupts.
• Undefined instruction interrupt
An undefined instruction interrupt occurs when executing the UND instruction.
• Overflow interrupt
An overflow interrupt occurs when executing the INTO instruction with the overflow flag (O flag) set to “1”.
The following are instructions whose O flag changes by arithmetic:
ABS, ADC, ADCF, ADD, CMP, DIV, DIVU, DIVX, NEG, RMPA, SBB, SHA, SUB
• BRK interrupt
A BRK interrupt occurs when executing the BRK instruction.
• INT interrupt
An INT interrupt occurs when assigning one of software interrupt numbers 0 through 63 and executing the
INT instruction. Software interrupt numbers 0 through 31 are assigned to peripheral I/O interrupts, so
executing the INT instruction allows executing the same interrupt routine that a peripheral I/O interrupt
does.
The stack pointer (SP) used for the INT interrupt is dependent on which software interrupt number is
involved.
So far as software interrupt numbers 0 through 31 are concerned, the microcomputer saves the stack
pointer assignment flag (U flag) when it accepts an interrupt request. If change the U flag to “0” and select
the interrupt stack pointer (ISP), and then execute an interrupt sequence. When returning from the
interrupt routine, the U flag is returned to the state it was before the acceptance of interrupt request. So
far as software numbers 32 through 63 are concerned, the stack pointer does not make a shift.
28
Mitsubishi microcomputers
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Interrupts
Hardware Interrupts
Hardware interrupts are classified into two types — special interrupts and peripheral I/O interrupts.
(1) Special interrupts
Special interrupts are non-maskable interrupts.
• Reset
Reset occurs if an “L” is input to the RESET pin.
• DBC interrupt
This interrupt is exclusively for the debugger, do not use it in other circumstances.
• Watchdog timer interrupt
Generated by the watchdog timer.
• Single-step interrupt
This interrupt is exclusively for the debugger, do not use it in other circumstances. With the debug flag
(D flag) set to “1”, a single-step interrupt occurs after one instruction is executed.
• Address match interrupt
An address match interrupt occurs immediately before the instruction held in the address indicated by
the address match interrupt register is executed with the address match interrupt enable bit set to “1”.
If an address other than the first address of the instruction in the address match interrupt register is
set, no address match interrupt occurs.
M30201 Group
(2) Peripheral I/O interrupts
A peripheral I/O interrupt is generated by one of built-in peripheral functions. The interrupt vector table is
the same as the one for software interrupt numbers 0 through 31 the INT instruction uses. Peripheral I/O
interrupts are maskable interrupts.
• Key-input interrupt
A key-input interrupt occurs if an “L” is input to the KI pin.
• A-D conversion interrupt
This is an interrupt that the A-D converter generates.
• UART0 and UART1 transmission interrupt
These are interrupts that the serial I/O transmission generates.
• UART0 and UART1 reception interrupt
These are interrupts that the serial I/O reception generates.
• Timer A0 interrupt
This is an interrupts that timer A0 generates.
• Timer B0 and timer B2 interrupt
These are interrupts that timer B generates.
• Timer X0 to timer X2 interrupt
These are interrupts that timer X generates.
________ ________
• INT0 and INT1 interrupt
______ ______
An INT interrupt occurs if either a rising edge or a falling edge is input to the INT pin.
___
29
Mitsubishi microcomputers
M30201 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
Interrupts
Interrupts and Interrupt Vector Tables
If an interrupt request is accepted, a program branches to the interrupt routine set in the interrupt vector
table. Set the first address of the interrupt routine in each vector table. Figure 1.23 shows format for
specifying interrupt vector addresses.
Two types of interrupt vector tables are available — fixed vector table in which addresses are fixed and
variable vector table in which addresses can be varied by the setting.
MSB
Vector address + 0
Vector address + 1
Vector address + 2
Vector address + 3
Figure 1.23. Format for specifying interrupt vector addresses
Low address
Mid address
0 0 0 0 High address
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
LSB
• Fixed vector tables
The fixed vector table is a table in which addresses are fixed. The vector tables are located in an area
extending from FFFDC16 to FFFFF16. One vector table comprises four bytes. Set the first address of
interrupt routine in each vector table. Table 1.6 shows the interrupts assigned to the fixed vector tables
and addresses of vector tables.
Table 1.6. Interrupt and fixed vector address
Interrupt source Vector table addresses Remarks
Address (L) to address (H)
Undefined instruction FFFDC16 to FFFDF16 Interrupt on UND instruction
Overflow FFFE016 to FFFE316 Interrupt on INTO instruction
BRK instruction FFFE416 to FFFE716
Address match FFFE816 to FFFEB16 There is an address-matching interrupt enable bit
Single step (Note) FFFEC16 to FFFEF16 Do not use
Watchdog timer FFFF016 to FFFF316
________
DBC (Note) FFFF416 to FFFF716 Do not use
- FFFF816 to FFFFB16 Reset FFFFC16 to FFFFF16
Note: Interrupts used for debugging purposes only.
If the vector is filled with FF16, program execution starts from
the address shown by the vector in the variable vector table
30
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