• 100 kHz (2.5V) and 400 kHz (5V) compatibility
(SCL)
• 10,000,000 erase/write cycles guaranteed
• Data retention > 200 years
• 8-pin PDIP and SOIC package
• Available for extended temperature ranges
- Commercial (C):0 ° C to +70 ° C
- Industrial (I)-40 ° C to +85 ° C
2
compatible (SCL)
DESCRIPTION
The Microchip Technology Inc. 24LCS21 is a
128 x 8-bit dual-mode Electrically Erasable PROM.
This device is designed for use in applications requiring
storage and serial transmission of configuration and
control information. Two modes of operation have been
implemented: Transmit Only Mode and bi-directional
Mode. Upon power-up, the device will be in the Transmit
Only Mode, sending a serial bit stream of the entire
memory array contents, clocked by the VCLK pin. A
valid high to low transition on the SCL pin will cause the
device to enter the bi-directional Mode, with byte selectable read/write capability of the memory array in stan-
2
dard I
C protocol.
The 24LCS21 also enables the user to write-protect the
entire memory contents using its write-protect pin. The
24LCS21 is available in a standard 8-pin PDIP and
SOIC package in both commercial and industrial
temperature ranges.
P ACKA GE TYPES
PDIP
NC
NC
WP
VSS
SOIC
NC
NC
WP
VSS
BLOCK DIAGRAM
WP
I/O
CONTROL
LOGIC
SDA SCL
VCLK
VCC
VSS
MEMORY
CONTROL
LOGIC
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
8
24LCS21
7
6
5
8
24LCS21
7
6
5
XDEC
CC
V
VCLK
SCL
SDA
CC
V
VCLK
SCL
SDA
HV GENERATOR
EEPROM
ARRAY
PAGE LATCHES
YDEC
SENSE AMP
R/W CONTROL
DDC is a trademark of the Video Electronics Standards Association.
Storage temperature.....................................-65 ° C to +150 ° C
Ambient temp. with power applied................-65 ° C to +125 ° C
Soldering temperature of leads (10 seconds).............+300 ° C
ESD protection on all pins ..................................................≥ 4 kV
*Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum ratings”
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings
of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
um Ratings*
SS
............... -0.6V to V
CC
+1.0V
TABLE 1-1:PIN FUNCTION TABLE
TABLE 1-2:DC CHARACTERISTICS
CC
V
= +2.5V to 5.5V
Commercial(C): Tamb = 0 ° C to +70 ° C
Industrial (I): Tamb = -40
ParameterSymbolMinMaxUnitsConditions
SCL and SDA pins:
High level input voltage
Low level input voltage
IH
V
V
IL
Input levels on VCLK pin:
High level input voltage
Low level input voltage
Hysteresis of Schmitt trigger inputs V
Low level output voltageV
Low level output voltageV
Input leakage currentI
Output leakage currentI
Pin capacitance (all inputs/outputs)C
Operating currentI
Standby currentI
I
CC
CC
V
IH
IL
V
HYS
OL1
OL2
LI
LO
INT
Write
Read
CCS
Note:This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
Clock frequencyF
Clock high timeT
Clock low timeT
SDA and SCL rise timeT
SDA and SCL fall timeT
START condition hold timeT
HIGH
LOW
HD
CLK
R
F
:
01000400kHz
4000—600—ns
4700—1300—ns
—1000—300ns(Note 1)
—300—300ns(Note 1)
STA
4000—600—nsAfter this period the first clock
pulse is generated
START condition setup timeT
SU
:
STA
4700—600—nsOnly relevant for repeated
START condition
Data input hold timeT
Data input setup timeT
STOP condition setup timeT
Output valid from clockT
Bus free timeT
HD
SU
SU
:
:
:
AA
BUF
DAT
DAT
STO
0—0—ns(Note 2)
250—100—ns
4000—600—ns
—3500—900ns(Note 2)
4700—1300—nsTime the bus must be free
before a new transmission can
start
Output fall time from V
minimum to V
IL
IH
maximum
Input filter spike suppression
T
OF
T
SP
—25020 + 0.1
C
250ns(Note 1), C
B
—100—50ns(Note 3)
B
100 pF
(SDA and SCL pins)
Write cycle timeT
WR
—10—10msByte or Page mode
Transmit-Only Mode Parameters
Output valid from VCLKT
VCLK high timeT
VCLK low timeT
VCLK setup timeT
VCLK hold timeT
Mode transition timeT
Transmit-Only power up timeT
Input filter spike suppression
VAA
VHIGH
VLOW
VHST
SPVL
VHZ
VPU
T
SPV
—2000—1000ns
4000—600—ns
4700—1300—ns
0—0—ns
4000—600—ns
—500—500ns
0—0—ns
—100—100ns
(VCLK pin)
Endurance—10M—10M—cycles25
°C, VCC = 5.0V, Block Mode
(Note 4)
Note 1: Not 100% tested. CB = total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
2: As a transmitter, the device must provide an internal minimum delay time to bridge the undefined region (min-
imum 300 ns) of the falling edge of SCL to avoid unintended generation of START or STOP conditions.
3: The combined T
suppression. This eliminates the need for a T
SP and VHYS specifications are due to Schmitt trigger inputs which provide noise and spike
I specification for standard operation.
4: This parameter is not tested but guaranteed by characterization. For endurance estimates in a specific appli-
cation, please consult the Total Endurance Model which can be obtained on our BBS or website.
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21127B-page 3
24LCS21
2.0FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The 24LCS21 operates in two modes, the
Transmit-Only Mode and the bi-directional Mode. There
is a separate two wire protocol to support each mode,
each having a separate clock input but sharing a common data line (SDA). The device enters the Transmit-Only Mode upon power-up. In this mode, the device
transmits data bits on the SDA pin in response to a
clock signal on the VCLK pin. The device will remain in
this mode until a valid high to low transition is placed on
the SCL input. When a valid transition on SCL is recognized, the device will switch into the bi-directional
Mode. The only way to switch the device back to the
Transmit-Only Mode is to remove power from the
device.
2.1Transmit-Only Mode
The device will power up in the Transmit-Only Mode at
address 00H. This mode supports a unidirectional two
wire protocol for continuous transmission of the
contents of the memory array. This device requires that
it be initialized prior to valid data being sent in the Transmit-Only Mode (see Initialization Procedure, below). In
FIGURE 2-1: TRANSMIT ONLY MODE
this mode, data is transmitted on the SDA pin in 8-bit
bytes, with each byte followed by a ninth, null bit
(Figure 2-1). The clock source for the Transmit-Only
Mode is provided on the VCLK pin, and a data bit is output on the rising edge on this pin. The eight bits in each
byte are transmitted most significant bit first. Each byte
within the memory array will be output in sequence.
When the last byte in the memory array is transmitted,
the internal address pointers will wrap around to the
first memory location (00H) and continue. The bi-directional Mode Clock (SCL) pin must be held high for the
device to remain in the Transmit-Only Mode.
2.2Initialization Procedure
After VCC has stabilized, the device will be in the
Transmit-Only Mode. Nine clock cycles on the VCLK pin
must be given to the device for it to perform internal
sychronization. During this period, the SDA pin will be
in a high impedance state. On the rising edge of the
tenth clock cycle, the device will output the first valid
data bit which will be the most significant bit in address
00h. (Figure 2-2).
SCL
TVAATVAA
SDA
Bit 1 (LSB)
VCLK
TVLOWTVHIGH
FIGURE 2-2: DEVICE INITIALIZATION
Vcc
SCL
SDA
TVPU
Null Bit
Bit 1 (MSB)Bit 7
TVAATVAA
Bit 8Bit 7High Impedance for 9 clock cycles
VCLK
DS21127B-page 4 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
12891011
24LCS21
3.0BI-DIRECTIONAL MODE
The 24LCS21 can be switched into the bi-directional
Mode (Figure 3-1) by applying a valid high to low
transition on the bi-directional Mode Clock (SCL).
When the device has been switched into the bi-directional Mode, the VCLK input is disregarded, with the
exception that a logic high level is required to enable
write capability. This mode supports a two-wire bi-directional data transmission protocol (I
col, a device that sends data on the bus is defined to be
the transmitter, and a device that receives data from the
bus is defined to be the receiver. The bus must be controlled by a master device that generates the bi-directional Mode Clock (SCL), controls access to the bus
and generates the START and STOP conditions, while
the 24LCS21 acts as the slave. Both master and slave
can operate as transmitter or receiver, but the master
device determines which mode is activated.
In this mode, the 24LCS21 only responds to commands
for device 1010 000X.
2
C). In this proto-
3.1 Bi-directional Mode Bus Characteristics
The following bus protocol has been defined:
• Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is
not busy.
• During data transfer, the data line must remain
stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes
in the data line while the clock line is HIGH will be
interpreted as a START or STOP condition.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been
defined (Figure 3-2).
3.1.1BUS NOT BUSY (A)
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH.
3.1.2START DATA TRANSFER (B)
A HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while the
clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a STAR T condition. All
commands must be preceded by a START condition.
3.1.3STOP DATA TRANSFER (C)
A LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA line while the
clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a STOP condition. All
operations must be ended with a STOP condition.
FIGURE 3-1: MODE TRANSITION
Transmit Only Mode
SCL
TVHZ
SDA
VCLK
Bi-directional Mode
FIGURE 3-2: DATA TRANSFER SEQUENCE ON THE SERIAL BUS
(A)(B)(D)(D)(A)(C)
SCL
SDA
START
CONDITION
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21127B-page 5
ADDRESS OR
ACKNOWLEDGE
VALID
DATA
ALLOWED
TO CHANGE
STOP
CONDITION
24LCS21
3.1.4DATA VALID (D)
The state of the data line represents valid data when,
after a START condition, the data line is stable for the
duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal.
The data on the line must be changed during the LOW
period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per
bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition
and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of
the data bytes transferred between the START and
STOP conditions is determined by the master device
and is theoretically unlimited, although only the last
eight will be stored when doing a write operation. When
an overwrite does occur it will replace data in a first in
first out fashion.
Note:Once switched into bi-directional Mode,
the 24LCS21 will remain in that mode until
power goes away. Removing power is the
only way to reset the 24LCS21 into the
Transmit-only mode.
FIGURE 3-3: BUS TIMING START/STOP
3.1.5ACKNOWLEDGE
Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to
generate an acknowledge after the reception of each
byte. The master device must generate an extra clock
pulse which is associated with this acknowledge bit.
Note:The 24LCS21 does not generate any
acknowledge bits if an internal
programming cycle is in progress.
The device that acknowledges has to pull down the
SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a
way that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH
period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of
course, setup and hold times must be taken into
account. A master must signal an end of data to the
slave by not generating an acknowledge bit on the last
byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this
case, the slave must leave the data line HIGH to enable
the master to generate the STOP condition.
SCL
TSU:STA
SDA
STARTSTOP
THD:STA
FIGURE 3-4: BUS TIMING DATA
TF
TLOW
SCL
TSU:STA
THD:STA
SDA
IN
SDA
OUT
TSP
TAA
THIGH
THD:DAT
TAA
VHYS
TSU:DAT
TSU:STO
TR
TSU:STO
TBUF
DS21127B-page 6 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LCS21
3.1.6SLAVE ADDRESS
After generating a START condition, the bus master
transmits the slave address consisting of a 7-bit device
code (1010000) for the 24LCS21.
The eighth bit of slave address determines whether the
master device wants to read or write to the 24LCS21
(Figure 3-5).
The 24LCS21 monitors the bus for its corresponding
slave address continuously. It generates an
acknowledge bit if the slave address was true and it is
not in a programming mode.
OperationSlave AddressR/W
Read10100001
Write10100000
FIGURE 3-5: CONTROL BYTE ALLOCATION
STAR TREAD/WRITE
SLAVE ADDRESS
1010000
R/W
A
4.0WRITE OPERATION
4.1Byte Write
Following the start signal from the master, the slave
address (4 bits), three zero bits (000) and the R/W
which is a logic low are placed onto the bus by the
master transmitter. This indicates to the addressed
slave receiver that a byte with a word address will follow
after it has generated an acknowledge bit during the
ninth clock cycle. Therefore, the next byte transmitted
by the master is the word address and will be written
into the address pointer of the 24LCS21. After receiving
another acknowledge signal from the 24LCS21 the
master device will transmit the data word to be written
into the addressed memory location. The 24LCS21
acknowledges again and the master generates a stop
condition. This initiates the internal write cycle, and during this time the 24LCS21 will not generate acknowledge signals (Figure 4-1).
It is required that VCLK be held at a logic high level
during command and data transfer in order to program
the device. This applies to both byte write and page
write operation. Note, however, that the VCLK is
ignored during the self-timed program operation.
Changing VCLK from high to low during the self-timed
program operation will not
halt programming of the
device.
bit
FIGURE 4-1: BYTE WRITE
S
T
CONTROL
BUS ACTIVITY:
MASTER
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY:
VCLK
A
R
T
S
BYTE
FIGURE 4-2: VCLK WRITE ENABLE TIMING
SCL
SDA
IN
VCLK
TVHST
A
C
K
WORD
ADDRESS
TSU:STOTHD:STA
S
DATA
A
C
K
TSPVL
T
O
P
P
A
C
K
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21127B-page 7
24LCS21
4.2Page Write
The write control byte, word address and the first data
byte are transmitted to the 24LCS21 in the same way
as in a byte write. But instead of generating a stop
condition the master transmits up to eight data bytes to
the 24LCS21 which are temporarily stored in the
on-chip page buffer and will be written into the memory
after the master has transmitted a stop condition. After
the receipt of each word, the three lower order address
pointer bits are internally incremented by one. The
higher order five bits of the word address remains
constant. If the master should transmit more than eight
words prior to generating the stop condition, the
address counter will roll over and the previously
received data will be overwritten. As with the byte write
operation, once the stop condition is received an
internal write cycle will begin (Figure 5-2).
It is required that VCLK be held at a logic high level
during command and data transfer in order to program
the device. This applies to both byte write and page
write operation. Note, however, that the VCLK is
ignored during the self-timed program operation.
Changing VCLK from high to low during the self-timed
program operation will not
device.
halt programming of the
FIGURE 5-1: ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING
FLOW
Send
Write Command
Send Stop
Condition to
Initiate Write Cycle
Send Start
Send Control Byte
with R/W = 0
Did Device
Acknowledge
(ACK = 0)?
No
5.0ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING
Since the device will not acknowledge during a write
cycle, this can be used to determine when the cycle is
complete (this feature can be used to maximize bus
throughput). Once the stop condition for a write
command has been issued from the master, the device
initiates the internally timed write cycle. ACK polling
can be initiated immediately. This involves the master
sending a start condition followed by the control byte for
a write command (R/W
with the write cycle, then no ACK will be returned. If the
cycle is complete, then the device will return the ACK
and the master can then proceed with the next read or
write command. See Figure 5-1 for the flow diagram.
FIGURE 5-2: PAGE WRITE
S
T
BUS
BUS
A
R
T
S
ACTIVITY:
MASTER
SDA LINE
ACTIVITY:
= 0). If the device is still busy
CONTROL
BYTE
ADDRESS (1)
A
C
K
WORD
A
C
K
DATA (n)
A
C
K
DATA n + 1
Next
Operation
A
C
K
Yes
DATA n + 7
S
T
O
P
P
A
C
K
VCLK
DS21127B-page 8 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LCS21
6.0WRITE PROTECTION
When using the 24LCS21 in the bi-directional Mode,
the VCLK pin operates as the write protect control pin.
Setting VCLK high allows normal write operations,
while setting VCLK low prevents writing to any location
in the array. Connecting the VCLK pin to V
SS would
allow the 24LCS21 to operate as a serial ROM,
although this configuration would prevent using the
device in the Transmit-Only Mode.
Additionally, Pin 3 performs a flexible write protect
function. The 24LCS21 contains a write-protection
control fuse whose factory default state is cleared.
Writing any data to address 7Fh (normally the
checksum in DDC applications) sets the fuse which
enables the WP
pin. Until this fuse is set, the 24LCS21
is always write enabled (if VCLK = 1). After the fuse is
set, the write capability of the 24LCS21 is determined
by WP
(Figure 6-1).
FIGURE 6-1: WRITE PROTECT TRUTH
TABLE
VCLKWP
0XXRead Only
1XNoR/W
11/openYesR/W
10YesRead Only
Add. 7Fh
Written
Mode
7.0READ OPERATION
Read operations are initiated in the same way as write
operations with the exception that the R/W
slave address is set to one. There are three basic types
of read operations: current address read, random read
and sequential read.
bit of the
7.1Current Address Read
The 24LCS21 contains an address counter that
maintains the address of the last word accessed,
internally incremented by one. Therefore, if the
previous access (either a read or write operation) was
to address n, the next current address read operation
would access data from address n + 1. Upon receipt of
the slave address with R/W
bit set to one, the 24LCS21
issues an acknowledge and transmits the eight bit data
word. The master will not acknowledge the transfer but
does generate a stop condition and the 24LCS21
discontinues transmission (Figure 7-1).
FIGURE 7-1: CURRENT ADDRESS READ
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
S
T
CONTROL
A
R
T
S
101
BYTE
0000
DATA n
1
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
P
N
O
A
C
K
7.2Random Read
Random read operations allow the master to access
any memory location in a random manner. To perform
this type of read operation, first the word address must
be set. This is done by sending the word address to the
24LCS21 as part of a write operation. After the word
address is sent, the master generates a start condition
following the acknowledge. This terminates the write
operation, but not before the internal address pointer is
set. Then the master issues the control byte again but
with the R/W
issue an acknowledge and transmits the eight bit data
word. The master will not acknowledge the transfer but
does generate a stop condition and the 24LCS21
discontinues transmission (Figure 7-2).
bit set to a one. The 24LCS21 will then
FIGURE 7-2: RANDOM READ
S
T
A
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21127B-page 9
CONTROL
R
T
SS
BYTE
1010000000000111
A
C
K
WORD
ADDRESS (n)
S
T
A
CONTROL
R
T
A
C
K
BYTE
A
C
K
DATA n
S
T
O
P
P
N
O
A
C
K
24LCS21
7.3Sequential Read
Sequential reads are initiated in the same way as a
random read except that after the 24LCS21 transmits
the first data byte, the master issues an acknowledge
as opposed to a stop condition in a random read. This
directs the 24LCS21 to transmit the next sequentially
addressed 8-bit word (Figure 8-1).
To provide sequential reads the 24LCS21 contains an
internal address pointer which is incremented by one at
the completion of each operation. This address pointer
allows the entire memory contents to be serially read
during one operation.
7.4Noise Protection
The 24LCS21 employs a VCC threshold detector circuit
which disables the internal erase/write logic if the V
is below 1.5 volts at nominal conditions.
The SDA, SCL and VCLK inputs have Schmitt trigger
and filter circuits which suppress noise spikes to assure
proper device operation even on a noisy bus.
CC
8.0PIN DESCRIPTIONS
8.1SDA
This pin is used to transfer addresses and data into and
out of the device, when the device is in the bi-directional
Mode. In the Transmit-Only Mode, which only allows
data to be read from the device, data is also transferred
on the SDA pin. This pin is an open drain terminal,
therefore the SDA bus requires a pullup resistor to V
(typical 10 KΩ for 100 kHz, 1 KΩ for 400 kHz).
For normal data transfer in the bi-directional Mode,
SDA is allowed to change only during SCL low.
Changes during SCL high are reserved for indicating
the START and STOP conditions.
8.2SCL
This pin is the clock input for the bi-directional Mode,
and is used to synchronize data transfer to and from the
device. It is also used as the signaling input to switch
the device from the Transmit Only Mode to the bi-directional Mode. It must remain high for the chip to continue
operation in the Transmit Only Mode.
8.3VCLK
This pin is the clock input for the Transmit Only Mode
(DDC1). In the Transmit Only Mode, each bit is clocked
out on the rising edge of this signal. In the bi-directional
Mode, a high logic level is required on this pin to enable
write capability.
CC
FIGURE 8-1: SEQUENTIAL READ
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
CONTROL
BYTE
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
A
C
K
DATA nDATA n+1
8.4WP
This pin is used for flexible write protection of the
24LCS21. When the last memory location (7Fh) is
written with any data, this pin is enabled and
determines the write capability of the 24LCS21
(Figure 6-1).
The WP
allow write capability (assuming VCLK = 1) at all times
if this pin is floated.
A
C
K
A
C
K
pin has an internal pull up resistor which will
DATA n+2DATA n+X
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
P
N
O
A
C
K
DS21127B-page 10 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LCS21
24LCS21 Product Identification System
To order or to obtain information (e.g., on pricing or delivery), please use the listed part numbers, and refer to the factory or the listed
sales offices.
24LCS21 –/P
Package:P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 8-lead
Temperature Blank = 0˚C to +70˚C
Range:I = -40˚C to +85˚C
Device:24LCS21Dual Mode I
24LCS21TDual Mode I
SN = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 8-lead
2
C Serial EEPROM
2
C Serial EEPROM (Tape and Reel)
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21127B-page 11
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Benex S-1 6F
3-18-20, Shin Yokohama
Kohoku-Ku, Y okohama
Kanagawa 222 Japan
Tel: 81 45 471 6166 Fax: 81 45 471 6122
9/3/96
All rights reserved. 1996, Microchip Technology Incorporated, USA. 9/96
Printed on recycled paper.
Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement
of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. The Microchip logo and
name are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. All rights reserved. All other trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective companies.
DS21127B-page 12 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
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