Datasheet MIC5233 Datasheet (Micrel)

MIC5233 Micrel

MIC5233

High Input Voltage, Low IQ µCap LDO Regulator

General Description

The MIC5233 is a 100mA highly accurate, low dropout
regulator with high input voltage and ultra-low ground current.
This combination of high voltage and low ground current
makes the MIC5233 ideal for multi-cell Li-Ion battery
systems.

A µCap LDO design, the MIC5233 is stable with either
ceramic or tantalum output capacitor. It only requires a 2.2µF
capacitor for stability.

Features of the MIC5233 include enable input, thermal shut­down, current limit, reverse battery protection, and
reverse leakage protection.

Available in fixed and adjustable output voltage versions, the
MIC5233 is offered in the IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package with
a junction temperature range of –40°C to +125°C.

Ordering Information

Features

• Wide input voltage range: 2.3V to 36V

• Ultra low ground current: 18µA

• Low dropout voltage of 270mV at 100mA

• High output accuracy of ±2.0% over temperature

• µCap: stable with ceramic or tantalum capacitors

• Excellent line and load regulation specifications

• Zero shutdown current

• Reverse battery protection

• Reverse leakage protection

• Thermal shutdown and current limit protection

• IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package

Applications

• Keep-alive supply in notebook and portable computers

• USB power supply

• Logic supply for high-voltage batteries

• Automotive electronics

• Battery powered systems

• 3-4 cell Li-Ion battery input range

Part Number Marking Voltage Junction Temp. Range Package

MIC5233-1.8BM5 L318 1.8V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5
MIC5233-2.5BM5 L325 2.5V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5
MIC5233-3.0BM5 L330 3.0V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5
MIC5233-3.3BM5 L333 3.3V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5
MIC5233-5.0BM5 L350 5.0V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5
MIC5233BM5 L3AA ADJ. –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5

Typical Application

IN

ON

MIC5233BM5

15

2
34

EN

V

OUT

C

R

1

R

2

=2.2µF

OUT

ceramic

I

=18µA

GND

V

C

=1.0µF

IN

OFF

Ultra-Low Current Adjustable Regulator Application

40

35

30

I

= 1mA

OUT

25

20

15

I

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

OUT

10

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

= 10µA

I

OUT

= 100µA

Ground Current vs. Input Voltage

IttyBitty is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.

Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 [phone] • fax + 1 [phone] • http://www.micrel.com

August 2003 1 MIC5233

MIC5233 Micrel

Pin Configuration

GND

2

IN

13

EN

L3xx

45

NC or
ADJ.

OUT

SOT-23-5

Pin Description

SOT-23-5 Pin Name Pin Function

1 IN Supply Input.
2 GND Ground.
3 EN Enable (Input): Logic low = shutdown; logic high = enable
4 NC (fixed) No Connect.

ADJ (ADJ.) Adjust (Input): Feedback input. Connect to resistive voltage-divider network.

5 OUT Regulator Output.

MIC5233 2 August 2003

MIC5233 Micrel

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Input Supply Voltage ....................................... –20V to 38V

Enable Input Voltage...................................... –0.3V to 38V

Power Dissipation .................................... Internally Limited

Junction Temperature .............................. –40°C to +125°C

Storage Temperature ...............................–65°C to +150°C

Operating Ratings (Note 2)

Input Supply Voltage ........................................ 2.3V to 36V

Enable Input Voltage........................................... 0V to 36V

Junction Temperature (T
Package Thermal Resistance

SOT-23-5 (θJA)..................................................235°C/W

) ....................... –40°C to +125°C

J

ESD Rating, Note 3

Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)

TA = 25°C with VIN = V

Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units

Output Voltage Accuracy Variation from nominal V

Line Regulation VIN = V
Load Regulation I
Dropout Voltage I

Ground Current I

Ground Current in Shutdown VEN ≤ 0.6V; VIN = 36V 0.1 1 µA
Short Circuit Current V
Output Leakage, Load = 500Ω; V

Reverse Polarity Input

Enable Input

Input Low Voltage Regulator OFF 0.6 V
Input High Voltage Regulator ON 2.0 V
Enable Input Current V

OUT

+ 1V; I

= 100µA; VEN ≥ 2V; Bold values indicate –40°C<TJ< +125°C; unless otherwise specified.

OUT

OUT

+ 1V to 36V 0.04 0.5 %

OUT

= 100µA to 100mA 0.25 1 %

OUT

= 100µA50mV

OUT

= 50mA 230 300 mV

I

OUT

–1.0 +1.0 %

–2.0 +2.0 %

400 mV

I

= 100mA 270 400 mV

OUT

450 mV

= 100µA1830µA

OUT

35 µA

I

= 50mA 0.35 0.70 mA

OUT

I

= 100mA 1 2 mA

OUT

= 0V 190 350 mA

OUT

= –15V –0.1 µA

IN

= 0.6V; Regulator OFF –1.0 0.01 1.0 µA

EN

= 2.0V; Regulator ON 0.1 1.0 µA

V

EN

VEN = 36V; Regulator ON 0.5 2.5 µA

Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.
Note 4. Specification for packaged product only.

August 2003 3 MIC5233

MIC5233 Micrel

)

)

)

)

Typical Characteristics

Power Supply

Rejection Ratio

70
60
50
40
30

PSRR (dB)

20
10

0

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

I

= 100mA

OUT

FREQUENCY (kHz)

Dropout

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

0.5

0.0

Characteristics

I

= 100µA

LOAD

I

= 50mA

LOAD

I

= 100mA

LOAD

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Dropout Voltage

vs. Output Current

350
300
250
200
150
100

50

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)

0

0 20406080100

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA

Ground Pin Current

1000

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

vs. Output Current

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100

0

0 102030405060708090100

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

VIN = 4V

Dropout Voltage

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)

vs. Temperature

I

= 100mA

OUT

50

0

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Ground Pin Current

vs. Output Current

30
28
26

VIN = 24V

24
22
20
18

VIN = 12V

16
14

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

12
10

0 100 200 300 400 500

OUTPUT CURRENT (µA)

VIN = 36V

VIN = 4V

Ground Pin Current

vs. Temperature

80

I

75
70
65
60
55
50

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

45
40

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C

LOAD

= 10mA

Ground Pin Current

vs. Input Voltage

100

90

I

= 10µA

OUT

80
70
60

I

= 1mA

50

OUT

40
30
20

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

10

0

1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

INPUT VOLTAGE (V

I

OUT

I

OUT

= 10µA

= 100µA

Ground Pin Current

400
380
360
340
320
300
280
260
240

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

220
200

vs. Temperature

I

= 50mA

LOAD

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C

Ground Pin Current

1200
1100
1000

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200

vs. Input Voltage

I

=100mA

OUT

I

= 50mA

OUT

1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Ground Pin Current

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

GROUND CURRENT (mA)

0.80

vs. Temperature

I

= 100mA

LOAD

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Ground Pin Current

vs. Input Voltage

40

35

30

I

= 1mA

OUT

25

20

15

I

GROUND CURRENT (µA)

OUT

10

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

= 10µA

I

OUT

= 100µA

MIC5233 4 August 2003

MIC5233 Micrel

)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)

TEMPERATURE (°C)

Short Circuit Current

vs. Temperature

VIN = 4V

Input Current

vs. Supply Voltage

120

100

80

60

VEN = 5V

= 30Ω

R

40

LOAD

20

INPUT CURRENT (mA)

0

-20 -10 0 10

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Output Voltage

3.05

3.04

3.03

3.02

3.01

3.00

2.99

2.98

2.97

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

2.96

2.95

vs. Temperature

I

= 100µA

LOAD

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE (°C

Load Transient Response

August 2003 5 MIC5233

(200mV/div.)

OUTPUT VOL TAGE

(100mA/div.)

OUTPUT CURRENT

TIME (400µs/div.)

VIN = 4V

= 3V

V

OUT

= 4.7µF ceramic

C

OUT

100mA

0mA

MIC5233 Micrel

Functional Diagrams

EN

IN

EN

IN

ENABLE

R1

V

REF

R2

GND

OUT

Block Diagram – Fixed Output Voltage

OUT

ENABLE

R1

V

REF

GND

Block Diagram – Adjustable Output Voltage

ADJ

R2

MIC5233 6 August 2003

MIC5233 Micrel

P

125 C 50 C

235 C/W

D(MAX)

=

°− °

°











Applications Information

Enable/Shutdown

The MIC5233 comes with an active-high enable pin that
allows the regulator to be disabled. Forcing the enable pin low
disables the regulator and sends it into a “zero” off-mode­current state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator
goes nearly to zero. Forcing the enable pin high enables the
output voltage.

Input Capacitor

The MIC5233 has high input voltage capability up to 36V. The
input capacitor must be rated to sustain voltages that may be
used on the input. An input capacitor may be required when
the device is not near the source power supply or when
supplied by a battery. Small, surface mount, ceramic capaci­tors can be used for bypassing. A larger value may be
required if the source supply has high ripple.

Output Capacitor

The MIC5233 requires an output capacitor for stability. The
design requires 2.2µF or greater on the output to maintain
stability. The design is optimized for use with low-ESR
ceramic chip capacitors. High-ESR capacitors may cause
high frequency oscillation. The maximum recommended
ESR is 3Ω. The output capacitor can be increased without
limit. Larger valued capacitors help to improve transient
response.

X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recom­mended because of their temperature performance. X7R­type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their oper­ating temperature range and are the most stable type of
ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change
value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their
operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capaci­tor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an
X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capaci­tance over the equivalent operating temperature range.

No-Load Stability

The MIC5233 will remain stable and in regulation with no load
unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially
important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications.

Thermal Consideration

The MIC5233 is designed to provide 100mA of continuous
current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation
can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage
drop across the part. To determine the maximum power
dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient ther­mal resistance of the device and the following basic equation:

TT



=





T

J(MAX)

P

D(MAX)

is the maximum junction temperature of the die,
125°C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. θJA is
layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of the junction­to-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC5233.

−

J(MAX) A

θ

JA






Package

θθ

θJA Recommended

θθ

Minimum Footprint

SOT-23-5 235°C/W

Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance

The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be
determined using the equation:

PD = (VIN – V

Substituting P

OUT)IOUT

for PD and solving for the operating

D(MAX)

+ VIN×I

GND

conditions that are critical to the application will give the
maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For
example, when operating the MIC5233-3.0BM5 at 50°C with
a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a
set output current can be determined as follows:

P

D(MAX)

= 319mW

The junction-to-ambient (θJA) thermal resistance for the
minimum footprint is 235°C/W, from Table 1. It is important
that the maximum power dissipation not be exceeded to
ensure proper operation. Since the MIC5233 was designed
to operate with high input voltages, careful consideration
must be given so as not to overheat the device. With very high
input-to-output voltage differentials, the output current is
limited by the total power dissipation. Total power dissipation
is calculated using the following equation:

PD = (VIN – V

OUT)IOUT

+ VIN x I

GND

Due to the potential for input voltages up to 36V, ground
current must be taken into consideration.

If we know the maximum load current, we can solve for the
maximum input voltage using the maximum power dissipa­tion calculated for a 50°C ambient, 319mV.

P

DMAX

= (VIN – V

OUT)IOUT

+ VIN x I

GND

319mW = (VIN – 3V)100mA + VIN x 2.8mA

Ground pin current is estimated using the typical character­istics of the device.

619mW = VIN (102.8mA)
VIN = 6.02V

For higher current outputs only a lower input voltage will work
for higher ambient temperatures.

Assuming a lower output current of 10mA, the maximum input
voltage can be recalculated:

319mW = (VIN – 3V)10mA + VIN x 0.1mA
349mW = VIN x 10.1mA
VIN = 34.9V

Maximum input voltage for a 10mA load current at 50°C
ambient temperature is 34.9V, utilizing virtually the entire
operating voltage range of the device.

August 2003 7 MIC5233

MIC5233 Micrel

Adjustable Regulator Application

The MIC5233BM5 can be adjusted from 1.24V to 20V by
using two external resistors (Figure 1). The resistors set the
output voltage based on the following equation:

VV

OUT

Where V



=+

= 1.24V.

REF

REF

1










R

1







R







2

Feedback resistor R2 should be no larger than 300kΩ.

V

1.0µF

IN

MIC5233BM5

IN

EN

GND

OUT

ADJ.

V

OUT

R

1

2.2µF

R

2

Figure 1. Adjustable Voltage Application

MIC5233 8 August 2003

MIC5233 Micrel

Package Information

1.90 (0.075) REF

0.95 (0.037) REF

3.02 (0.119)

2.80 (0.110)

0.50 (0.020)

0.35 (0.014)

1.75 (0.069)

1.50 (0.059)

1.30 (0.051)

0.90 (0.035)

0.15 (0.006)

0.00 (0.000)

SOT-23-5 (M5)

3.00 (0.118)

2.60 (0.102)

10°

0°

DIMENSIONS:

MM (INCH)

0.20 (0.008)

0.09 (0.004)

0.60 (0.024)

0.10 (0.004)

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Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.

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© 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.

August 2003 9 MIC5233