Maxtor DIAMONDMAX 92305H3, DIAMONDMAX 91536H2, DIAMONDMAX 94610H6, DIAMONDMAX 96147H8, DIAMONDMAX 93073H4 User Manual

DiamondMax® 60

96147H8, 94610H6, 93073H4, 92305H3, 91536H2

Part #1478

All material contained herein Copyright © 2000 Maxtor Corporation. MaxFax™ is a trademark of Maxtor Corporation. DiamondMax and No Quibble Service® are registered trademarks of Maxtor Corporation. Other brands or products are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Contents and specifications subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.

, Maxtor

Corporate Headquarters

510 Cottonwood Drive Milpitas, California 95035 Tel: 408-432-1700 Fax: 408-432-4510

Research and Development Center

2190 Miller Drive Longmont, Colorado 80501 Tel: 303-651-6000 Fax: 303-678-2165

Before You Begin

Thank you for your interest in the Maxtor DiamondMax® 60 AT hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of DiamondMax hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor Customer Service Center at 800-2MAXTOR or 408-922-2085.

Before unpacking the hard drive, please review Sections 1 through 4.

CAUTION

Maxtor DiamondMax 60 hard drives are precision products. Failure to

follow these precautions and guidelines outlined here may lead to

product failure, damage and invalidation of all warranties.

1 BEFORE unpacking or handling a drive, take all proper electro-static discharge (ESD)

precautions, including personnel and equipment grounding. Stand-alone drives are sensitive to ESD damage.

2 BEFORE removing drives from their packing material, allow them to reach room

temperature.

3 During handling, NEVER drop, jar, or bump a drive.

4 Once a drive is removed from the Maxtor shipping container, IMMEDIATELY secure

the drive through its mounting holes within a chassis. Otherwise, store the drive on a padded, grounded, antistatic surface.

5 NEVER switch DC power onto the drive by plugging an electrically live DC source cable

into the drive's connector. NEVER connect a live bus to the drive's interface connector.

6 ELECTRICAL GROUNDING - For proper operation, the drive must be securely fastened

to a device bay that provides a suitable electrical ground to the drive baseplate.

Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels.

They contain information required should the drive ever need repair.

ContentsContents

Contents

ContentsContents

DIAMONDMAX 60 PRODUCT MANUAL

Section 1 Section 1

Section 1 —

Section 1 Section 1

Maxtor Corporation 1 - 1

Products 1 - 1

Support 1 - 1

Manual Organization 1 - 1

Abbreviations 1 - 1

Conventions 1 - 2

Key Words 1 - 2

Numbering 1 - 2

Signal Conventions 1 - 2

Section 2 Section 2

Section 2 —

Section 2 Section 2

The DiamondMax® 60

Product Features 2 - 2

Functional/Interface 2 - 2

Cache Management 2 - 4

Buffer Segmentation 2 - 4

Read-Ahead Mode 2 - 4

Automatic Write Reallocation (AWR) 2 - 4

Write Cache Stacking 2 - 4

Major HDA Components 2 - 5

Drive Mechanism 2 - 5

Rotary Actuator 2 - 5

Read/Write Electronics 2 - 5

Read/Write Heads and Media 2 - 5

Air Filtration System 2 - 5

Microprocessor 2 - 5

Subsystem Configuration 2 - 6

Dual Drive Support 2 - 6

Cable Select Option 2 - 6

Jumper Location/Configuration 2 - 6

Cylinder Limitation 2 - 6

Introduction Introduction

Introduction

Introduction Introduction

Product Description Product Description

Product Description

Product Description Product Description

Zone Density Recording 2 - 2

Read/Write Multiple Mode 2 - 2

UltraDMA - Mode 4 2 - 2

Multi-word DMA (EISA Type B) - Mode 2 2 - 2

Sector Address Translation 2 - 2

Logical Block Addressing 2 - 3

Defect Management Zone 2 - 3

On-the-Fly Hardware Error Correction Code (ECC) 2 - 3

Software ECC Correction 2 - 3

Automatic Head Park and Lock Operation 2 - 3

DIAMONDMAX 60 PRODUCT MANUAL

Section 3 Section 3

Section 3 —

Section 3 Section 3

Models and Capacities 3 - 1

Drive Configuration 3 - 1

Performance Specifications 3 - 1

Physical Dimensions 3 - 2

Power Requirements 3 - 3

Power Mode Definitions 3 - 3

Spin-up 3 - 3

Seek 3 - 3

Read/Write 3 - 3

Idle 3 - 3

Standby 3 - 3

Sleep 3 - 3

EPA Energy Star Compliance 3 - 3

Environmental Limits 3 - 3

Shock and Vibration 3 - 4

Reliability Specifications 3 - 4

Annual Return Rate 3 - 4

Quality Acceptance Rate 3 - 4

Start/Stop Cycles 3 - 4

Data Reliability 3 - 4

Component Design Life 3 - 4

EMC/EMI 3 - 5

EMC Compliance 3 - 5

Canadian Emissions Statement 3 - 5

Safety Regulatory Compliance 3 - 5

Product Specifications Product Specifications

Product Specifications

Product Specifications Product Specifications

Section 4 Section 4

Section 4 —

Section 4 Section 4

Hard Drive Handling Precautions 4 - 1

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) 4 - 1

Unpacking and Inspection 4 - 2

Repacking 4 - 3

Physical Installation 4 - 3

Before You Begin 4 - 4

Please Read 4 - 4

Back up. Protect Your Existing Data 4 - 4

Tools for Installation 4 - 4

System Requirements 4 - 4

Operating System Requirements 4 - 4

Hook up 4 - 4

Boot the System with MaxBlast Plus Diskette 4 - 4

Configure the Drive Jumpers 4 - 4

Installaing 5.25-inch Mounting Brackets 4 - 4

Install Hard Drive in Device Bay 4 - 5

Attach Interface and Power Cables 4 - 5

Start up 4 - 5

Set up 4 - 5

Handling and Installation Handling and Installation

Handling and Installation

Handling and Installation Handling and Installation

DIAMONDMAX 60 PRODUCT MANUAL

Section 5 Section 5

Section 5 —

Section 5 Section 5

Interface Connector 5 - 1

Pin Description Summary 5 - 1

Pin Description Table 5 - 2

PIO Timing 5 - 3

DMA Timing 5 - 4

Ultra DMA Timing Parameters 5 - 5

Section 6 Section 6

Section 6 —

Section 6 Section 6

Task File Registers 6 - 1

Data Register 6 - 1

Error Register 6 - 1

Features Register 6 - 1

Sector Count Register 6 - 2

Sector Number Register 6 - 2

Cylinder Number Registers 6 - 2

Device/Head Register 6 - 2

Status Register 6 - 2

Command Register 6 - 3

Read Commands 6 - 3

Write Commands 6 - 3

Mode Set/Check Commands 6 - 3

Power Mode Commands 6 - 3

Initialization Commands 6 - 3

Seek, Format, and Diagnostic Commands 6 - 3

S.M.A.R.T. Commands 6 - 3

Summary 6 - 4

Control Diagnostic Registers 6 - 5

Alternate Status Register 6 - 5

Device Control Register 6 - 5

Digital Input Register 6 - 5

Reset and Interrupt Handling 6 - 6

AT Interface Description AT Interface Description

AT Interface Description

AT Interface Description AT Interface Description

Host Software Interface Host Software Interface

Host Software Interface

Host Software Interface Host Software Interface

Section 7 Section 7

Section 7 —

Section 7 Section 7

Command Summary 7 - 1

Read Commands 7 - 2

Write Commands 7 - 4

Interface Commands Interface Commands

Interface Commands

Interface Commands Interface Commands

Read Sector(s) 7 - 2

Read Verify Sector(s) 7 - 2

Read Sector Buffer 7 - 2

Read DMA 7 - 3

Read Multiple 7 - 3

Set Multiple 7 - 3

Write Sector(s) 7 - 4

iii

DIAMONDMAX 60 PRODUCT MANUAL

Write Verify Sector(s) 7 - 4

Write Sector Buffer 7 - 4

Write DMA 7 - 5

Write Multiple 7 - 5

Mode Set/Check Commands 7 - 6

Set Features Mode 7 - 6

Read Native Max Address 7 - 7

Set Max 7 - 7

Set Max Password 7 - 7

Set Max Lock 7 - 7

Set Max Unlock 7 - 7

Set Max Freeze Lock 7 - 7

Power Mode Commands 7 - 8

Standby Immediate 7 - 8

Idle Immediate 7 - 8

Standby 7 - 8

Idle 7 - 8

Check Power Mode 7 - 8

Set Sleep Mode 7 - 8

Default Power-on Condition 7 - 9

Initialization Commands 7 - 10

Identify Drive 7 - 10

Initialize Drive Parameters 7 - 13

Seek, Format, and Diagnostic Commands 7 - 14

S.M.A.R.T. Command Set 7 - 15

Section 8 Section 8

Section 8 —

Section 8 Section 8

Service Policy 8 - 1

No Quibble Service 8 - 1

Support 8 - 1

GlossaryGlossary

Glossary

GlossaryGlossary

Service and Support Service and Support

Service and Support

Service and Support Service and Support

FiguresFigures

Figures

FiguresFigures

Figure Title Page

2 - 1 PCBA Jumper Location and Configuration 2 - 6

3 - 1 Outline and Mounting Dimensions 3 - 2

4 - 1 Multi-pack Shipping Container 4 - 2

4 - 2 Single-pack Shipping Container (Option A) 4 - 3

4 - 3 Single-pack Shipping Container (Option B) 4 - 3

4 - 4 IDE Interface and Power Cabling Detail 4 - 5

5 - 1 Data Connector 5 - 1

5 - 2 PIO Data Transfer to/from Device 5 - 3

5 - 3 Multi-word DMA Data Transfer 5 - 4

5 - 4 Initiating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst 5 - 5

5 - 5 Sustained Ultra DMA Data In Burst 5 - 6

5 - 6 Host Pausing an Ultra DMA Data In Burst 5 - 6

5 - 7 Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst 5 - 7

5 - 8 Host Terminating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst 5 - 7

5 - 9 Initiating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst 5 - 8

5 - 10 Sustained Ultra DMA Data Out Burst 5 - 8

5 - 11 Device Pausing an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst 5 - 9

5 - 12 Host Terminating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst 5 - 9

5 - 13 Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst 5 - 10

DIAMONDMAX 60 PRODUCT MANUAL

DIAMONDMAX 60 – INTRODUCTION

SECTION 1

Introduction

Maxtor Corporation

Maxtor Corporation has been providing high-quality computer storage products since 1982. Along the way, we’ve seen many changes in data storage needs. Not long ago, only a handful of specific users needed more than a couple hundred megabytes of storage. Today, downloading from the Internet and CD-ROMs, multimedia, networking and advanced office applications are driving storage needs even higher. Even home PC applications need capacities measured in gigabytes, not megabytes.

Products

Maxtor’s products meet demanding storage capacity requirements with room to spare. They feature proven compatibility and reliability. While DiamondMax 5,400 RPM desktop and workstation hard drives, our DiamondMax leading capacity, reliability and value for entry-level systems and consumer electronics applications.

Support

No matter which capacity, all Maxtor hard drives are supported by our commitment to total customer

satisfaction and our No Quibble Service

guarantee. One call – or a visit to our home page on the Internet (http://www.maxtor.com) – puts you in touch with either technical support or customer service. We’ll provide you the information you need quickly, accurately and in the form you prefer – a fax, a downloaded file or a conversation with a representative.

60 is the latest addition to our legacy of high performance

VL 30 series hard drives deliver industry-

Manual Organization

This hard disk drive reference manual is organized in the following method:

❏ Section 1 – Introduction ❏ Section 2 – Description ❏ Section 3 – Specifications ❏ Section 4 – Installation ❏ Section 5 – AT Interface ❏ Section 6 – Host Software Interface ❏ Section 7 – Interface Commands ❏ Section 8 – Service and Support ❏ Appendix – Glossary

Abbreviations

ABBRV DESCRIPTION ABBRV DESCRIPTION

ATA AT attachment MB megabyte

bpi bits per inch Mbits/sec megabits per second

CHS cylinder - head - sector MB/sec megabytes per second

db decibels MHz megahertz

dBA decibels, A weighted ms millisecond DMA direct memory access MSB most significant bit ECC error correction code mV millivolts

fci flux changes per inch ns nanoseconds

G acceleration PIO programmed input/output

GB gigabyte RPM revolutions per minute

Hz hertz tpi tracks per inch

KB kilobyte UDMA ultra direct memory access LBA logical block address(ing) µsec microsecond LSB least significant bit V volts

mA milliamperes W watts

1 – 1

DIAMONDMAX 60 – INTRODUCTION

Conventions

If there is a conflict between text and tables, the table shall be accepted as being correct.

Key Words

The names of abbreviations, commands, fields and acronyms used as signal names are in all uppercase type (e.g., IDENTIFY DRIVE). Fields containing only one bit are usually referred to as the “name” bit instead of the “name” field.

Names of drive registers begin with a capital letter (e.g., Cylinder High register).

Numbering

Numbers that are not followed by a lowercase “b” or “h” are decimal values. Numbers that are followed by a lowercase “b” (e.g., 01b) are binary values. Numbers that are followed by a lowercase “h” (e.g., 3Ah) are hexadecimal values.

Signal Conventions

Signal names are shown in all uppercase type.

All signals are either high active or low active signals. A dash character (-) at the end of a signal name indicates that the signal is low active. A low active signal is true when it is below ViL and is false when it is above ViH. A signal without a dash at the end indicates that the signal is high active. A high active signal is true when it is above ViH and is false when it is below ViL.

When a signal is asserted, it means the signal is driven by an active circuit to its true state.

When a signal is negated, it means the signal is driven by an active circuit to its false state.

When a signal is released, it means the signal is not actively driven to any state. Some signals have bias circuitry that pull the signal to either a true or false state when no signal driver is actively asserting or negating the signal. These instances are noted under the description of the signal.

1 – 2

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

SECTION 2

Product Description

Maxtor DiamondMax® 60 AT disk drives are 1-inch high, 3.5-inch diameter random access storage devices which incorporate an on-board ATA-5/Ultra DMA 100 controller. High capacity is achieved by a balanced combination of high areal recording density and the latest data encoding and servo techniques.

Maxtor's latest advancements in electronic packaging and integration methods have lowered the drive's power consumption and increased its reliability. Advanced giant magneto-resistive read/write heads and a state-of-the-art head/disk assembly - using an integrated motor/spindle design - allow up to four disks in a 3.5-inch package.

Exceptionally high data transfer rates, 5,400 RPM spin speed and < 9.0 ms access times make these performance series disk drives especially well-suited to high-end desktop and server applications.

DiamondMax 60 Key Features

ANSI ATA-5 compliant PIO Mode 4 interface (Enhanced IDE)

Supports Ultra DMA Mode 4 for up to 100 MB/sec data transfers

2 MB buffer with multi-adaptive cache manager

5,400 RPM spin speed

< 9.0 ms seek time

Zone density and I.D.-less recording

Outstanding shock resistance at 250 Gs

High durability with 50K contact start/stop cycles

Advanced multi-burst on-the-fly Error Correction Code (ECC)

Extended data integrity with ECC protected data and fault tolerant servo synchronization fields

Supports EPA Energy Star Standards (Green PC Friendly) with ATA powering savings commands

Auto park and lock actuator mechanism

Low power consumption

S.M.A.R.T. Capability

Note: Maxtor defines one megabyte as 106 or one million bytes and one gigabyte as 109 or one billion bytes.

2 – 1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Product Features

Functional / Interface

Maxtor DiamondMax 60 hard drives contain all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret control signals and commands from an AT-compatible host computer. See Section 3 Product Specifications, for complete drive specifications.

Zone Density Recording

The disk capacity is increased with bit density management – common with Zone Density Recording. Each disk surface is divided into 16 circumferential zones. All tracks within a given zone contain a constant number of data sectors. The number of data sectors per track varies in different zones; the outermost zone contains the largest number of data sectors and the innermost contains the fewest.

Read / Write Multiple Mode

This mode is implemented per ANSI ATA/ATAPI-5 specification. Read/Write Multiple allows the host to transfer a set number of sectors without an interrupt request between them, reducing transfer process overhead and improving host performance.

UltraDMA - Mode 4

Maxtor DiamondMax 60 hard drives fully comply with the new ANSI Ultra DMA protocol, which greatly improves overall AT interface performance by significantly improving burst and sustained data throughput.

Multi-word DMA (EISA Type B) - Mode 2

Supports multi-word Direct Memory Access (DMA) EISA Type B mode transfers.

Sector Address Translation

All DiamondMax 60 drives feature a universal translate mode. In an AT/EISA-class system, the drive may be configured to any specified combination of cylinders, heads and sectors (within the range of the drive's formatted capacity). DiamondMax 60 drives power-up in a translate mode:

MODEL CYL HD SPT LZone WPcom MAX LBA CAPACITY

96147H8 119,108 16 63 (*) (*) 120,060,864 61,471 MB 94610H6 89,331 16 63 (*) (*) 90,045,648 46,103 MB 93073H4 59,554 16 63 (*) (*) 60,030,432 30,735 MB 92305H3 44,666 16 63 (*) (*) 45,023,328 23,051 MB 91536H2 29,777 16 63 (*) (*) 30,015,216 15,367 MB

(*) The fields LZone (Landing Zone) and WPcom (Write Pre-comp) are not used by the Maxtor hard drive and the values may be either 0 or the values set by the BIOS. All capacities listed in the above table are based

or one million bytes.

on 10

Logical Block Addressing

The Logical Block Address (LBA) mode can only be utilized in systems that support this form of translation. The cylinder, head and sector geometry of the drive, as presented to the host, differs from the actual physical geometry. The host AT computer may access a drive of set parameters: number of cylinders, heads and sectors per track, plus cylinder, head and sector addresses. However, the drive can’t use these host parameters directly because of zoned recording techniques. The drive translates the host parameters to a set of logical internal addresses for data access.

2 – 2

The host drive geometry parameters are mapped into an LBA based on this formula:

LBA = (HSCA - 1) + HHDA x HSPT + HNHD x HSPT x HCYA (1)

= (HSCA - 1) + HSPT x (HHDA + HNHD x HCYA) (2)

where HSCA = Host Sector Address, HHDA = Host Head Address

HCYA = Host Cylinder Address, HNHD = Host Number of Heads HSPT = Host Sectors per Track

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The LBA is checked for violating the drive capacity. If it does not, the LBA is converted to physical drive cylinder, head and sector values. The physical address is then used to access or store the data on the disk and for other drive related operations.

Defect Management Zone (DMZ)

Each drive model has a fixed number of spare sectors per drive, all of which are located at the end of the drive. Upon detection of a bad sector that has been reassigned, the next sequential sector is used.

For example, if sector 3 is flagged, data that would have been stored there is “pushed down” and recorded in sector 4. Sector 4 then effectively becomes sector 3, as sequential sectors are “pushed down” across the entire drive. The first spare sector makes up for the loss of sector 3, and so maintains the sequential order of data. This push down method assures maximum performance.

On-the-Fly Hardware Error Correction Code (ECC)

16 symbols, single burst, guaranteed

Software ECC Correction

24 symbols, single burst, guaranteed

Automatic Park and Lock Operation

Immediately following power down, dynamic braking of the spinning disks delays momentarily allowing the read/write heads to move to an inner mechanical stop. A small fixed magnet holds the rotary actuator in place as the disk spins down. The rotary actuator is released only when power is again applied.

Cache Management

Buffer Segmentation

The data buffer is organized into two segments: the data buffer and the micro controller scratch pad. The data buffer is dynamically allocated for read and write data depending on the commands received. A variable number of read and write buffers may exist at the same time.

Read-Ahead Mode

Normally, this mode is active. Following a read request, disk read-ahead begins on the first sector and continues sequentially until the allocated buffer is full. If a read request is received during the read-ahead operation, the buffer is examined to determine if the request is in the cache. If a cache hit occurs, readahead mode continues without interruption and the host transfer begins immediately.

Automatic Write Reallocation (AWR)

This feature is part of the write cache and reduces the risk of data loss during deferred write operations. If a disk error occurs during the disk write process, the disk task stops and the suspect sector is reallocated to a pool of alternate sectors located at the end of the drive. Following reallocation, the disk write task continues until it is complete.

Write Cache Stacking

Normally, this mode is active. Write cache mode accepts the host write data into the buffer until the buffer is full or the host transfer is complete. A command complete interrupt is generated at the end of the transfer.

A disk write task begins to store the host data to disk. Host write commands continue to be accepted and data transferred to the buffer until either the write command stack is full or the data buffer is full. The drive may reorder write commands to optimize drive throughput.

2 – 3

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Major HDA Components

Drive Mechanism

A brush-less DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 5,400 RPM (±0.1%). The dynamically balanced motor/spindle assembly ensures minimal mechanical run-out to the disks. A dynamic brake provides a fast stop to the spindle motor upon power removal. The speed tolerance includes motor performance and motor circuit tolerances.

Rotary Actuator

All DiamondMax 60 drives employ a rotary voice coil actuator which consists of a moving coil, an actuator arm assembly and stationary magnets. The actuator moves on a low-mass, low-friction center shaft. The low friction contributes to fast access times and low power consumption.

Read/Write Electronics

An integrated circuit mounted within the sealed head disk assembly (near the read/write heads) provides up to eight head selection (depending on the model), read pre-amplification and write drive circuitry.

Read/Write Heads and Media

Low mass, low force giant magneto-resistive read/write heads record data on 3.5-inch diameter disks. Maxtor uses a sputtered thin film medium on all disks for DiamondMax 60 drives.

Air Filtration System

All DiamondMax 60 drives are assembled in a Class 100 controlled environment. Over the life of the drive, a

0.1 micron filter and breather filter located within the sealed head disk assembly (HDA) maintain a clean environment to the heads and disks. DiamondMax drives are designed to operate in a typical office environment with minimum environmental control.

Microprocessor

The microprocessor controls the following functions for the drive electronics:

Command execution

Cache management

Data correction and error recovery

Diagnostic execution

Data sequencing

Head positioning (including error recovery)

Host interface

Index detection

Spin speed control

Seeks

Servo

S.M.A.R.T.

2 – 4

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Subsystem Configuration

Dual Drive Support

Two drives may be accessed via a common interface cable, using the same range of I/O addresses. The drives are jumpered as device 0 or 1 (Master/Slave), and are selected by the drive select bit in the Device/Head register of the task file.

All Task File registers are written in parallel to both drives. The interface processor on each drive decides whether a command written to it should be executed; this depends on the type of command and which drive is selected. Only the drive selected executes the command and activates the data bus in response to host I/O reads; the drive not selected remains inactive.

A master/slave relationship exists between the two drives: device 0 is the master and device 1 the slave. When J50 is closed (factory default, figure 2-1), the drive assumes the role of master; when open, the drive acts as a slave. In single drive configurations, J50 must be closed.

Cable Select Option

CSEL (cable select) is an optional feature per ANSI ATA specification. Drives configured in a multiple drive system are identified by CSEL’s value:

– If CSEL is grounded, then the drive address is 0. – If CSEL is open, then the drive address is 1.

Jumper Location / Configuration

Darkened jumper pins indicate factory-installed (default) shunts.

JUMPER CONFIGURATION J50 J48 J46 J44 J42

Master/Slave Only drive in single drive system* Master drive in dual drive system* Slave drive in dual drive system Cable Select Disabled* Enabled

Cylinder Limitation Disabled* Enabled

Factory Reserved O Factory Reserved O Key * = Default C = Closed (jumper installed) O = Open (no jumper installed)

Figure 2-1

PCBA Jumper Location and Configuration

C C O

O C

Cylinder Limitation Jumper Description

On some older BIOS', primarily those that auto-configure the disk drive, a hang may occur. The Cylinder Limitation jumper reduces the capacity in the Identify Drive allowing large capacity drives to work with older BIOS'. The capacity reported when J46 is closed will be as follows: drives less than or equal to 32GB will report 2.1GB. Drives greater than 32GB will report 32GB.

2 – 5

Product Specifications

Models and Capacities

MODEL 96147H8 94610H6 93073H4 92305H3 91536H2

Formatted Capacity (MB LBA Mode) Maxtor defines one megabyte as 106 or one million bytes and one gigabyte as 109 or one billion bytes.

Drive Configuration

MODEL 96147H8 94610H6 93073H4 92305H3 91536H2

Integrated Interface ATA-5 / Ultra DMA Encoding Method E2 PR4 RLL 16/17 Interleave 1:1 Servo System Embedded Buffer Size / Type 2 MB SDRAM Data Zones per Surface 16 Data Surfaces / Heads 8 6 4 3 2 Number of Disks 4 3 2 2 1 Areal Density 11.2 Gb / in2 max Track Density 27,300 tpi Recording Density 340 - 412 kbpi Flux Density 361 - 418 kfci Bytes per Sector / Block 512 Sectors per Track 373 - 662 Sectors per Drive 120,060,864 90,045,648 60,030,432 45,023,328 30,015,216

61,471 46,103 30,735 23,051 15,367

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 3

Performance Specifications

MODEL 96147H8 94610H6 93073H4 92305H3 91536H2

Seek Times (typical read) Track-to-Track 1.0 ms Average (performance) < 9.0 ms Average (silent mode) 15 ms Full Stroke < 20.0 ms Average Latency 5.55 ms Rotational Speed (±0.1%) 5,400 RPM Controller Overhead < 0.3 ms Data Transfer Rate

To/From Interface (UltraDMA - M4)

To/From Interface (PIO 4/Multi-word DMA M4)

To/From Media up to 40.8 MB/sec Start Time (0 to Drive Ready) 8.5 sec typical

up to 100 MB/sec

up to 16.7 MB/sec

3 – 1

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Physical Dimensions (maximum)

PARAMETER STANDARD METRIC

Height 1.028 inches 26.1 millimeters Length 5.787 inches 147 millimeters

Width 4.00 inches 101.6 millimeters Weight 1.3 pounds 0.59 kilograms

3 – 2

Outline and Mounting Dimensions

Figure 3 - 1

Power Requirements

MODE 12V ± 10% 5V ± 5% POWER

Spin-up (peak) 1800 mA 490 mA Seek (avg) 650 mA 550 mA 10.6 W Read/Write (avg) 250 mA 550 mA 5.8 W Idle (avg) 250 mA 500 mA 5.5 W Standby (avg) 20 mA 280 mA 1.6 W Sleep (avg) 20 mA 200 mA 1.0 W

Power Mode Definitions

Spin-up

The drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has not yet reached full speed.

Seek

A random access operation by the disk drive.

Read/Write

Data is being read from or written to the drive.

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Idle

The drive is spinning, the actuator is parked and powered off and all other circuitry is powered on. The drive is capable of responding to read commands within 40 ms.

Standby

The spin motor is not spinning. The drive will leave this mode upon receipt of a command that requires disk access. The time-out value for this mode is programmable. The buffer is active to accept write data.

Sleep

This is the lowest power state – with the interface set to inactive. A software or hardware reset is required to return the drive to the Standby state.

EPA Energy Star Compliance

Maxtor Corporation supports the goals of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Energy Star program to reduce the electrical power consumption of computer equipment.

Environmental Limits

PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING/STORAGE

Temperature 5° C to 55° C low temperature (-40° C)

high temperature (71° C) per MIL-STD-810E, method

501.3, climatic category; hot-induced conditions.

Thermal Gradient 25° C per hour ( maximum) Relative Humidity 5% to 95% (non-condensing) Wet Bulb 30° C (maximum) Altitude -200 to 10,000 feet -200 to 40,000 feet Acoustic Noise - Idle Mode

(per ISO 7779, 10 microphone, average sound power)

3.1 bel, measured at 5k ft.

3 – 3

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Shock and Vibration

PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING

Mechanical Shock 30 Gs, 2.0 ms, no errors 250 Gs, 2.0 ms, no damage Rotational Shock 18,000 Rad/sec,0.5 - 1.0 ms, no damage Random Vibration 10 - 45 Hz at 0.004 G2/Hz

Swept Sine Vibration 10 - 300 Hz 1 G (0 - peak) amplitude, .25 octave per minute

Reliability Specifications

Annual Return Rate

< 1.0% Annual Return Rate (ARR) indicates the average against products shipped.

Quality Acceptance Rate

< 1,000 DPPM The quality acceptance rate indicates the percentage of Maxtor products

48 - 62 Hz at 0.008 G2/Hz 65 - 300 Hz at 0.004 G2/Hz 301 - 500 Hz at 0.0006 G2/Hz no errors

ARR includes all reasons for returns (failures, handling damage, NDF), but does not include inventory credit returns.

successfully installed by our customers, and/or the number of defective parts per million (DPPM) encountered during the entire installation process.

PSD:

10 Hz at .05 G2/Hz

20 Hz at .055 G2/Hz, 300 Hz at .05 G2/Hz 301 Hz at .0014 G2/Hz 500-760 Hz at .001 G2/Hz 877 Hz at .003 G2/Hz

1000-1570 Hz at .001 G2/Hz

2000 Hz at .0001 G2/Hz

Start/Stop Cycles

50,000 This indicates the average minimum cycles for reliable start/stop function.

Data Reliability

< 1 per 1014 bits read Data errors (non-recoverable). Average data error rate allowed with all error

recovery features activated.

Component Design Life

5 years (minimum) Component design life is defined as a.) the time period before identified

wear-out mechanisms impact the failure rate, or b.) the time period up to the wear-out point when useful component life expires.

3 – 4

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

EMC/EMI

Radiated Electromagnetic Field Emissions - EMC Compliance

The hard disk drive mechanism is designed as a subassembly for installation into a suitable enclosure and is therefore not subject to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules (47CFR15) or the Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations. Although not required, the disk mechanism has been tested within a suitable end-use product and found to comply with Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

The CE Marking indicates conformity with the European Union Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) when the disk mechanism is installed in a typical personal computer. Maxtor recommends that testing and analysis for EMC compliance be performed with the disk mechanism installed within the user's end-use application.

Canadian Emissions Statement

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian department of communications.

Le present appareil numerique n'emet pas de bruit radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans le reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere des communications du Canada.

Safety Regulatory Compliance

All Maxtor hard drives comply with relevant product safety standards such as CE, CUL, TUV and UL rules and regulations. As delivered, Maxtor hard drives are designed for system integration before they are used.

3 – 5

SECTION 4

Handling and Installation

Hard Drive Handling Precautions

◆ If the handling precautions are not followed, damage to the hard drive may result - which may void the warranty.

◆ During handling, NEVER drop, jar, or bump a drive. Handle the drive by its sides and avoid touching the printed circuit board

assembly (PCBA).

◆ Hard drives are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage. Use proper ESD practices by grounding yourself and the

computer system the hard drive will be installed in.

◆ Allow the hard drive to reach room temperature BEFORE installing it in your computer system.

◆ NEVER switch DC power onto the drive by plugging an electrically live DC source cable into the drive's connector. NEVER

connect a live connector to the hard drive's IDE interface connector.

ELECTRICAL GROUNDING - For proper operation, the drive must be securely fastened to a device bay

◆

that provides a suitable electrical ground to the drive baseplate.

INSTALLATION

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)

To avoid some of the problems associated with ESD, Maxtor advises that anyone handling a disk drive use a wrist strap with an attached wire connected to an earth ground. Failure to observe these precautions voids the product warranty.

Manufacturers frequently experience “unsolved” component/hardware malfunctions often caused by ESD. To reduce the incidence of ESD-related problems, Maxtor recommends that any electronics manufacturing plans include a comprehensive ESD program, the basic elements and functions of which are outlined here:

ESD Program Element ESD Program Function Management Institute and maintain Chief coordinator Organize and enforce Multi-department committee Evaluate and improve Employee training Educate and inform

ESD program supplies typically include: wrist- and foot-worn grounding straps; counter-top and floor antistatic matting; wrist strap testers; ESD video and training materials. Sources for such supplies include:

Static Control Systems – 3M Charleswater 225-4S, 3M Center 93 Border St. St. Paul, MN 55144 West Newton, MA 02165-9990

Maxtor also offers a complete video training package, “Care and Handling of Maxtor Disk Drives.” Contact your Maxtor representative for details.

4 – 1

INSTALLATION

Unpacking and Inspection

Retain any packing material for reuse. Inspect the shipping container for evidence of damage in transit. Notify the carrier immediately in case of damage to the shipping container.

As they are removed, inspect drives for evidence of shipping damage or loose hardware. If a drive is damaged (and no container damage is evident), notify Maxtor immediately for drive disposition.

4 – 2

Figure 4 - 1

Multi-pack Shipping Container

INSTALLATION

Single Pack Shipping Container (Option A)

Figure 4 - 2

Single Pack Shipping Container (Option B)

Figure 4 - 3

Repacking

If a Maxtor drive requires return, repack it using Maxtor packing materials, including the antistatic bag.

Physical Installation

Recommended Mounting Configuration

The DiamondMax® drive design allows greater shock tolerance than that afforded by larger, heavier drives. The drive may be mounted in any attitude using four size 6-32 screws with 1/8-inch maximum penetration and a maximum torque of 5-inch pounds. See Figure 3-1 for mounting dimensions. Allow adequate ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable operation. See the following pages for specific installation steps.

4 – 3

INSTALLATION

Before You Begin

Important – Please Read

Please read this installation section completely before installing the Maxtor hard drive. It gives general information for installing a Maxtor hard drive in a typical computer system. If you don’t understand the installation steps, have a qualified computer technician install the hard drive.

Back up. Protect your Existing Data

Periodic backup of important data is always a good idea. Whenever your computer is on, there is the potential for losing data on your hard drive. This is especially true when running disk utilities or any software that directly manipulates your files. Maxtor recommends that you make a backup copy of the files on any existing hard drives prior to installing the new drive. If required, this data may then be copied to the Maxtor hard drive after it has been installed in the computer. Refer to your computer user’s manual for detailed data backup instructions.

Tools for Installation

The following tools are needed to install your new Maxtor hard drive:

• A small (#2) Phillips head screw driver

• Small needle-nose pliers or tweezers

• Your computer user’s manuals

• Operating system software

System Requirements

• IDE/AT interface Maxtor recommends:

• Drives less than or equal to 8.4 GB – 486 DX 66 MHz

• Drives larger than 8.4 GB – Pentium-class processor

Operating System Requirements

• Drives less than or equal to 8.4 GB:

- DOS 5.0 or higher

• Drives larger than 8.4 GB:

- Installing as boot drive (Primary Master) requires full installation set of Windows 95/98 – not an update from DOS or Windows 3.x.

- Installing as non-boot drive (Primary Slave, Secondary Master or Slave) requires Windows 95/98 on the boot drive.

Hook up

Maxtor recommends that you use the MaxBlast™ Plus software to create a customized installation guide for your system before physically installing your new hard drive. The information created by MaxBlast Plus relates to the following illustrations.

Boot the System with the MaxBlast Plus Diskette

Before physically installing the Maxtor hard drive, boot your system with the MaxBlast Plus diskette. It will assist you with the instructions in this section for a successful installation.

4 – 4

Configure the Drive Jumpers

The jumper configurations have three valid jumper settings – Master, Slave and Cable Select. Maxtor hard drives are always shipped with the Master jumper setting enabled.

Install the 5.25-inch Mounting Brackets

If the Maxtor hard drive will be mounted in a 5.25-inch device bay, you will need to attach 5.25-inch brackets to the hard drive. These brackets are not required if the drive is mounted in a 3.5-inch device bay.

Install the Hard Drive in a Device Bay

Refer to your computer user’s manual for specific mounting information. Be sure to secure the drive to the device bay with all four screws.

Attach the Interface and Power Cables

Do not force or rock the connectors into their sockets on the hard drive. Push them in straight until they are seated.

Note: DiamondMax Hard Drive Kits that carry a “U” in the kit number are UltraDMA 66 compatible hard drives. A standard IDE cable can be used for drive installation; however, an UltraDMA cable is required to achieve UltraDMA 66 data transfers in UltraDMA 66 compatible systems. Follow the illustration below for proper cable connections to the system and hard drive(s) when using this cable.

Attach an IDE interface connector to J1 on the Maxtor drive. Attach a power connector to J2 on the Maxtor drive. This connector is keyed and will only fit one way. Check all other cable connections before you power up. Striped/colored edge is pin 1

After attaching the IDE interface cable and the power cable to the Maxtor hard drive, verify that all other cables connected to other devices, the mother board or interface card(s) are correctly seated.

INSTALLATION

Striped/colored edge is pin

Figure 4 - 4

IDE Interface and Power Cabling Detail

Start up

Turn your system ON. During the system start up sequence, run the SETUP (BIOS) program. Newer systems usually display a message like “press DEL to enter Setup,” showing how to access the SETUP (BIOS) program.

Choose the device position where the Maxtor hard drive will be installed (Primary Master, Primary Slave, Secondary Master, Secondary Slave or their equivalents) and select the “Auto Detect” option. Save and exit the BIOS. The system will now boot. Boot to the MaxBlast™ Plus diskette.

Set up

MaxBlast™ Plus will guide you through the steps to prepare (partition and format) your new Maxtor hard drive. Once you have completed this step, your new Maxtor hard drive will be ready to use.

Note: Do not discard the MaxBlast Plus diskette once the installation is complete. The diskette contains Maxdiag, a diagnostic utility that is a separate program from the MaxBlast™ Plus installation software.

4 – 5

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

SECTION 5

AT Interface Description

Interface Connector

All DiamondMax® 60 AT drives have a 40-pin ATA interface connector mounted on the PCBA. The drive may connect directly to the host; or it can also accommodate a cable connection (maximum cable length: 18 inches).

Figure 5-1

Data Connector

Pin Description Summary

PIN SIGNAL PIN SIGNAL

01 Reset - 02 Ground 03 DD7 04 DD8 05 DD6 06 DD9 07 DD5 08 DD10 09 DD4 10 DD11

11 DD3 12 DD12

13 DD2 14 DD13

15 DD1 16 DD14

17 DD0 18 DD15

19 Ground 20 (keypin)

21 DMARQ 22 Ground 23 DIOW -:STOP 24 Ground 25 DIOR -:HDMARDY:HSTROBE 26 Ground 27 IORDY:DDMARDY:DSTROBE 28 CSEL 29 DMACK - 30 Ground

31 INTRQ 32 33 DA1 34 PDIAG -

35 DA0 36 DA2 37 CS0 - 38 CS1 39 DASP - 40 Ground

IOCS16

Obsolete

5 – 1

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

Pin Description Table

PIN NAME PIN I/O SIGNAL NAME SIGNAL DESCRIPTION

RESET - 01 I Host Reset Reset signal from the host system. Active during power up and inactive after.

DD0 17 I/O Host Data Bus 16 bit bi-directional data bus between host and drive. Lower 8 bits used for

DD1 15 I/O DD2 13 I/O DD3 11 I/O DD4 09 I/O DD5 07 I/O DD6 05 I/O DD7 03 I/O DD8 04 I/O DD9 06 I/O

DD10 08 I/O DD11 10 I/O DD12 12 I/O DD13 14 I/O DD14 16 I/O DD15 18 I/O

DMARQ 21 O DMA Request This signal is used with DMACK for DMA transfers. By asserting this signal, the

DIOW -

STOP

DIOR -

HDMARDY

HSTROBE

IORDY

DDMARDY

DSTROBE

CSEL 28 Cable Select Used for Master/Slave selection via cable. Requires special cabling on host

DMACK - 29 I DMA Acknowledge This signal is used with DMARQ for DMA transfers. By asserting this signal, the

INTRQ 31 O Host Interrupt

IOCS16 32 Device 16 bit I/O Obsolete

PDIAG - 34 I/O Passed Diagnostic Output by drive when in Slave mode; Input to drive when in Master mode.

DA0 35 I Host Address Bus 3 bit binary address from the host to select a register in the drive.

DA1 33 I

DA2 36 I

CS0 - 37 I Host Chip Select 0 Chip select from the host used to access the Command Block registers in the

CS1 - 38 I Host Chip Select 1 Chip select from the host used to access the Control registers in the drive. This

DASP - 39 I/O Drive Active/Drive

GND 02 N/A Ground Signal ground.

KEY 20 N/A Key Pin used for keying the interface connector.

drive indicates that data is ready to be transfered to and from the host.

23 I Host I/O Write Rising edge of Write strobe clocks data from the host data bus to a register on

25 I Host I/O Read Read strobe enables data from a register on the drive onto the host data bus.

27 O I/O Channel Ready This signal may be driven low by the drive to insert wait states into host I/O

Request

1 Present

19 22 24 26 30 40

the drive.

DMA ready during UltraDMA data in bursts. Data strobe during UltraDMA data out bursts.

cycles. DMA ready during UltraDMA data out bursts. Data strobe during UltraDMA data in bursts.

system and installation of Cable Select jumper.

host is acknowledging the receipt of data or is indicating that data is available. Interrupt to the host asserted when the drive requires attention from the host.

drive. This signal is a decode of I/O addresses 1F0 - 1F7 hex.

signal is a decode of I/O addresses 3F6 - 3F7 hex.

Time-multiplexed, open collector output which indicates that a drive is active, or that

device 1 is present.

5 – 2

PIO Timing

TIMING PARAMETERS MODE 0 MODE 1 MODE 2 MODE 3 MODE 4

t0 Cycle Time (min) 600 ns 383 ns 240 ns 180 ns 120 ns t1 Address valid to DIOR-/DIOW- setup (min) 70 ns 50 ns 30 ns 30 ns 25 ns t2 DIOR-/DIOW- 16-bit (min) 165 ns 125 ns 100 ns 80 ns 70 ns t2i DIOR-/DIOW- recovery time (min) 70 ns 25 ns t3 DIOW- data setup (min) 60 ns 45 ns 30 ns 30 ns 20 ns t4 DIOW- data hold (min) 30 ns 20 ns 15 ns 10 ns 10 ns t5 DIOR- data setup (min) 50 ns 35 ns 20 ns 20 ns 20 ns t6 DIOW- data hold (min) 5 ns 5 ns 5 ns 5 ns 5 ns t6Z DIOR- data tristate (max) 30 ns 30 ns 30 ns 30 ns 30 ns t9 DIOR-/DIOW- to address valid hold (min) 20 ns 15 ns 10 ns 10 ns 10 ns tRd Read Data Valid to IORDY active (min) 0 0 0 0 0 tA IORDY Setup Time 35 ns 35 ns 35 ns 35 ns 35 ns tB IORDY Pulse Width (max) 1250 ns 1250 ns 1250 ns 1250 ns 1250 ns

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

Figure 5 - 2

PIO Data Transfer To/From Device

5 – 3

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

DMA Timing

TIMING PARAMETERS MODE 0 MODE 1 MODE 2

t0 Cycle Time (min) 480 ns 150 ns 120 ns tC DMACK to DMARQ delay tD DIOR-/DIOW- (min) 215 ns 80 ns 70 ns tE DIOR- data access (min) 150 ns 60 ns tF DIOR- data hold (min) 5 ns 5 ns 5 ns tG DIOR-/DIOW- data setup (min) 100 ns 30 ns 20 ns tH DIOW- data hold (min) 20 ns 15 ns 10 ns tI DMACK to DIOR-/DIOW- setup (min) 0 0 0 tJ DIOR-/DIOW- to DMACK hold (min) 20 ns 5 ns 5 ns tKr DIOR- negated pulse width (min) 50 ns 50 ns 25 ns tKw DIOW- negated pulse width (min) 215 ns 50 ns 25 ns tLr DIOR- to DMARQ delay (max) 120 ns 40 ns 35 ns tLw DIOW- to DMARQ delay (max) 40 ns 40 ns 35 ns tZ DMACK- to tristate (max) 20 ns 25 ns 25 ns

5 – 4

Multi-word DMA Data Transfer

Figure 5 - 3

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

Ultra DMA Timing

TIMING PARAMETERS (all times in nanoseconds) MODE 0 MODE 1 MODE 2 MODE 3 MODE 4

MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX

Cycle Time (from STROBE edge to STROBE edge) 112 73 54 39 25

CYC

Two cycle time (from rising edge to next rising edge or

CYC

from falling edge to next falling edge of STROBE)

Data setup time (at recipient) 15 10 7 7 5

Data hold time (at recipient) 5 5 5 5 5

Data valid setup time at sender (time from data bus being

DVS

valid until STROBE edge)

Data valid hold time at sender (time from STROBE edge

DVH

until data may go invalid)

First STROBE (time for device to send first STROBE) 0 230 0 200 0 170 0 130 0 120

Limited interlock time (time allowed between an action by

one agent, either host or device, and the following action by the other agent)

Interlock time with minimum 20 20 20 20 20

MLI

Unlimited interlock time 0 0 0 0 0

Maximum time allowed for outputs to release 10 10 10 10 10

ZAH

Minimum delay time required for output drivers turning on (from released state)

ZAD

Envelope time (all control signal transitions are within the

ENV

DMACK envelope by this much time)

STROBE to DMARDY (response time to ensure the

synchronous pause case when the recipient is pausing)

Ready-to-final-STROBE time (no more STROBE edges

RFS

may be sent this long after receiving DMARDY- negation)

Ready-to-pause time (time until a recipient may assume

that the sender has paused after negation of DMARDY-)

Pull-up time before allowing IORDY to be released 20 20 20 20 20

IORDYZ

Minimum time device shall wait before driving IORDY 0 0 0 0 0

ZIORDY

Setup and hold times before assertion and negation of

ACK

DMACK-

Time from STROBE edge to STOP assertion when the

sender is stopping

230 154 115 86 57

70 48 30 20 6

6 6 6 6 6

0 150 0 150 0 150 0 100 0 100

20 20 20 20 20

0 0 0 0 0

20 70 20 70 20 70 20 55 20 55

50 30 20 NA NA

75 70 60 60 60

160 125 100 100 100

20 20 20 20 20

50 50 50 50 50

DMARQ

(device)

DMACK-

(host)

STOP (host)

HDMARDY-

(host)

DSTROBE

(device)

DD(15:0)

DA0, DA1, DA2,

CS0-, CS1-

ACK

tACK

ZIORDY

ENV

tENV

tACK

Figure 5 - 4

Initiating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst

tFS

tZAD

tFS

ZAD

VDStAZ tDVH

5 – 5

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

at host

tDHtDStDHtDSt

(device)

(host)

(device)

DSTROBE

at device

DD(15:0) at device

DSTROBE

DD(15:0)

at host

tDVH

2CYC

CYC

tDVH

DVS

Figure 5 - 5

Sustained Ultra DMA Data In Burst

CYC

DVS

2CYC

tDVH

DMARQ

DMACK-

STOP

HDMARDY-

(host)

DSTROBE

DD(15:0)

tRP

tRFS

Figure 5 - 6

Host Pausing an Ultra DMA Data In Burst

5 – 6

tAZt

DMARQ

(device)

DD(15:0)

tLIt

tSSt

(device)

(host)

(device)

DD(15:0)

tLItLIt

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

DMACK-

(host)

STOP

(host)

HDMARDY-

(host)

DSTROBE

DA0, DA1, DA2,

CS0-, CS1-

DMARQ

MLI

tLI

tZAH

DVS

Figure 5 - 7

Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst

ACK

IORDYZ

DVH

CRC

ACK

DMACK-

STOP

HDMARDY-

(host)

DSTROBE

DA0, DA1, DA2,

CS0-, CS1-

RFS

Figure 5 - 8

Host Terminating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst

ZAH

tMLI

tDVS

ACK

tACK

MLI

IORDYZ

tDVH

ACK

5 – 7

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

tDHtDSt

at host

at device

tDHt

(host)

tUIt

tLIt

DMARQ

(device)

DMACK-

STOP

DDMARDY-

(device)

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

DA0, DA1, DA2,

CS0-, CS1-

HSTROBE

ACK

ENV

tZIORDY

tACK

ACK

Figure 5 - 9

Initiating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst

2CYC

CYC

DVS

DVH

2CYC

5 – 8

DD(15:0)

at host

HSTROBE

at device

DD(15:0)

DVH

DVS

DVH

tDS

Figure 5 - 10

Sustained Ultra DMA Data Out Burst

DVS

DVH

tDH

DMARQ

(device)

(host)

tSRt

(host)

tLIt

tLItLIt

CRC

DMACK-

STOP

DDMARDY-

(device)

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

RFS

Figure 5 - 11

Device Pausing an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst

DMARQ

(device)

DMACK-

STOP

(host)

DDMARDY-

(device)

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

DA0, DA1, DA2,

CS0-, CS1-

Figure 5 - 12

Host Terminating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst

DVS

MLI

ACK

IORDYZ

ACK

DVH

tACK

5 – 9

AT INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

(device)

(host)

(device)

(host)

CS0-, CS1-

tLItLIt

CRC

tRPt

DMARQ

DMACK-

(host)

STOP

DDMARDY-

HSTROBE

DD(15:0)

DA0, DA1, DA2,

MLI

RFS

tMLI

Figure 5 - 13

Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst

DVS

ACK

IORDYZ

tACK

DVH

ACK

5 – 10

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

SECTION 6

Host Software Interface

The host communicates with the drive through a set of controller registers accessed via the host’s I/O ports. These registers divide into two groups: the Task File, used for passing commands and command parameters and the Control/Diagnostic registers.

Task File Registers

The Task File consists of eight registers used to control fixed disk operations. The host accesses each register by the I/O port address shown in this Task File register map:

I/O PORT READ WRITE

1F0h Data Register Data Register 1F1h Error Register Features Register 1F2h Sector Count Sector Count 1F3h Sector Number Sector Number 1F4h Cylinder Low Cylinder Low 1F5h Cylinder High Cylinder High 1F6h Drive/Head (SDH) Drive/Head (SDH) 1F7h Status Register Command Register

Data Register

Provides access to the drive’s sector buffer for read and write operations. With the exception of ECC byte transfers (which, during Read long and Write long commands, are 8 bits wide), data transfers through the Data register are all 16 bits wide.

Error Register

A read-only register containing specific information regarding the previous command. Data interpretation differs depending on whether the controller is in operational or diagnostic mode. A power up, reset, software reset, or receipt of a diagnostic command sets the controller into diagnostic mode. This mode invalidates contents of the Status register. The contents of the Error register reflect a completion code.

Issuing any command (apart from a Diagnostic command) places the controller into operational mode. In operational mode, the Error register is valid only when the Error bit in the Status register is set. The bit definitions for operational mode follow:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 ECC 0 IDNF 0 ABRT TK0 AMNF

Interface

CRC

Data

ECC Error

Not

Used

Not Found

Not

Used

Aborted

Command

Track 0

Error

Address

Mark Not

Found

Interface CRC – An interface CRC error occurred during an Ultra DMA transfer.

Data ECC Error – An non-correctable ECC error occurred during a Read Sector command.

Firmware Problem – Indicates a firmware problem was detected, (e.g., invalid interrupt, divide overflow).

ID Not Found – Either a matching ID field not found, or a CRC error occurred.

Aborted Command – Invalid commands, write fault, no seek complete, or drive not ready.

Track 0 Error – Track 0 was not found during execution of a Restore command.

Address Mark Not Found – The Address Mark could not be found after an ID match.

Features Register

Enables or disables features through the Set Features command.

6 – 1

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

Sector Count Register

Holds the number of sectors to be sent during a Read or Write command, and the number of sectors per track during a Format command. A value of zero in this register implies a transfer of 256 sectors. A multisector operation decrements the Sector Count register. If an error occurs during such an operation, this register contains the remaining number of sectors to be transferred.

Sector Number Register

Holds the starting sector number for any disk operation. The register is updated as each sector is processed in a multi-sector operation.

Cylinder Number Registers

Two 8-bit Cylinder Number registers (Low and High) specify the starting cylinder for disk operation.

Device/Head Register

Used to specify the drive and head number to be operated on during any disk operations. Within the context of a Set Parameters command, this register specifies the maximum number of heads on the drive. Bit definitions follow:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 LBA 1 DRV HS3 HS2 HS1 HS0

LBA

Mode

Drive

Select

Head

Select

Head

Select

Head

Select

Head

Select

Select LBA Mode – Enabling this bit for commands not supported by LBA mode will abort the selected command. When set, the Task File register contents are defined as follows for the Read/Write and translate command:

CONTENTS LBA BITS

Sector Number 0 - 7 Cylinder Low 8 - 15 Cylinder High 16 - 23 Drive/Head 24 - 27

Drive Select – Set to 0 to select the master drive; set to 1 to select the slave drive.

Head Select – Specifies the binary coded address of the head to be selected.

Status Register

Contains results of the last command executed, and the drive’s status. The other seven Task File registers may be read only when bit 7 (BUSY) of the Status register is low. Reading any of the Task File registers when BUSY is high returns the value of the Status register. Reading the Status register also clears any interrupt request to the host. Bit definitions follow:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BUSY DRDY DF DSC DRQ 0 0 ERR Controller

Busy

Device Ready

Device Fault

Device Seek Complete

Data Request

Error

Controller Busy – Goes active when a command is written to the Command register, indicating controller task execution. After a command, this bit resets.

Device Ready – Indicates that the drive is ready for commands. If drive ready is not present, all commands abort.

Device Fault – Indicates the drive’s detection of a write fault condition, causing all commands to abort.

Device Seek Complete – Signifies a seek completion, and that the drive is on track.

Data Request – Indicates that the drive’s sector buffer is ready for data transfer.

Error – The Error bit sets when the previous command has completed with a non-recoverable error.

6 – 2

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

Command Register

Contains code for the command to be performed. Additional command information should be written to the task file before the Command register is loaded. When this register is written, the BUSY bit in the Status register sets, and interrupt request to the host clears; invalid commands abort. (Detailed information on interface commands is given in Section 7.) Hex values for valid command formats follow:

Read Commands

Read Sector(s) 20h Normal reads; retries enabled

21h Normal reads; retries disabled 22h Read Long; retries enabled 23h Read Long; retries disabled

Read Verify Sector(s) 40h Retries enabled

41h Retries disabled Read Sector Buffer E4h Read Multiple C4h Read DMA C8h

C9h No retries

Write Commands

Write Sector(s) 30h Normal writes; retries enabled

31h Normal writes; retries disabled

32h Write Long; retries enabled

33h Write Long; retries disabled Write Verify Sector(s) 3Ch Write Sector Buffer E8h Write Multiple C5h Write DMA CAh

CBh No retries

Mode Set/Check Commands

Set Features EFh Set Multiple Mode C6h Read Native Max Address F8h Set Max Mode F9h

Power Mode Commands

Standby Immediate 94/E0h Stops drive spindle; do not change time-out value Idle Immediate 95/E1h Starts spindle; do not change time-out value Standby 96/E2h Stops spindle; change time-out value Idle 97/E3h Starts spindle; change time-out value Check Power Mode 98/E5h Set Sleep Mode 99/E6h

Initialization Commands

Identify Drive ECh Initialize Drive Parameters 91h Re-calibrate 1xh

Seek, Format, and Diagnostic Commands

Seek 7xh Format Track 50h Execute Drive Diagnostic 90h

S.M.A.R.T. Commands

Execute S.M.A.R.T. B0h

6 – 3

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

Summary

COMMAND NAME COMMAND CODE PARAMETERS USED

Recalibrate 0 0 0 1 x x x x N N N N D Read Sector(s) 0 0 1 0 0 0 L x N Y Y Y Y Read DMA 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 x N Y Y Y Y

Write Sector(s) 0 0 1 1 0 0 L x N Y Y Y Y Write DMA 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 x N Y Y Y Y

Write Verify Sector(s) 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 N Y Y Y Y Read Verify Sector(s) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 x N Y Y Y Y Format Track 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 N N N Y Y Seek 0 1 1 1 x x x x N N Y Y Y Execute Diagnostic 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 N N N N D Initialize Parameters 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 N Y N N Y Read Sector Buffer 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 N N N N D

Write Sector Buffer 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 N N N N D Identify Drive 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 N N N N D Set Features 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 Y N N N D Read Multiple 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 N Y Y Y Y

Write Multiple 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 N Y Y Y Y Set Multiple Mode 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 N Y N N D Read Native Max Address 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 N N N N Y Set Max 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 N Y Y Y Y

b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 F SC SN C SDH

6 – 4

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

Control Diagnostic Registers

These I/O port addresses reference three Control/Diagnostic registers:

I/O PORT READ WRITE

3F6h Alternate Status Fixed Disk Control 3F7h Digital Input Not used

Alternate Status Register

Contains the same information as the Status register in the Task File. However, this register may be read at any time without clearing a pending interrupt.

Device Control Register

Contains the software Reset and Enable bit to enable interrupt requests to the host. Bit definitions follow:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 SRST IEN 0

Reset IRQ Enable

Reset – Setting the software Reset bit holds the drive in the reset state. Clearing the bit re-enables the drive. The software Reset bit must be held active for a minimum of 5 µsec.

IRQ Enable – Setting the Interrupt Request Enable to 0 enables the IRQ 14 signal to the host. When this

bit is set to 1, IRQ14 is tri-stated, and interrupts to the host are disabled. Any pending interrupt occurs when

the bit is set to 0. The default state of this bit after power up is 0 (interrupt enabled).

Digital Input Register

Contains information about the state of the drive. Bit definitions follow:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 x -WG -HS3 -HS2 -HS1 -HS0 -DS1 DS0

Reserved Write

Gate

Head

Select 3

Head

Select 2

Head

Select 1

Head

Select 0

Drive

Select 1

Drive

Select 0

Bit 7 of the host data bus is not driven when this register is read.

-Write Gate – Reflects the state of the active low write gate signal on the drive.

-Head Select 3 through -Head Select 0 – Represents the ones complement of the currently selected head number.

-Drive Select 1 – Is 0 if drive 1 selected; 1 otherwise.

-Drive Select 0 – Is 0 if drive 0 selected; 1 otherwise.

6 – 5

HOST SOFTWARE INTERFACE

Reset and Interrupt Handling

Reset Handling

One of three different conditions may cause a reset: power on, hardware reset or software reset. All three cause the interface processor to initialize itself and the Task File registers of the interface. A reset also causes a set of the Busy bit in the Status register. The Busy bit does not clear until the reset clears and the drive completes initialization. Completion of a reset operation does not generate a host interrupt.

Task File registers are initialized as follows:

Error 1

Sector Count 1

Sector Number 1

Cylinder Low 0

Cylinder High 0

Drive/Head 0

Interrupt Handling

The drive requests data transfers to and from the host by asserting its IRQ 14 signal. This signal interrupts the host if enabled by bit 1 (IRQ enable) of the Fixed Disk Control register.

Clear this interrupt by reading the Status register, writing the Command register, or by executing a host hardware or software reset.

6 – 6

Interface Commands

The following section describes the commands (and any parameters necessary to execute them), as well as Status and Error register bits affected.

Read Commands

Read Sector(s) Read Verify Sector(s) Read Sector Buffer Read DMA

Multi-word DMA

Ultra DMA Read Multiple Set Multiple

Write Commands

Write Sector(s) Write Verify Sector(s) Write Sector Buffer Write DMA

Multi-word DMA

Ultra DMA Write Multiple

INTERFACE COMMANDS

SECTION 7

Mode Set/Check Commands

Set Features Mode Set Multiple Mode Set Max Mode Read Native Max Address

Power Mode Commands

Standby Immediate Idle Immediate Standby Idle Check Power Mode Set Sleep Mode

Initialization Commands

Identify Drive Initialize Drive Parameters S.M.A.R.T.

7 – 1

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Read Commands

Read Sector(s)

Reads from 1 to 256 sectors, as specified in the Command Block, beginning at the specified sector. (A sector count of 0 requests 256 sectors.) Immediately after the Command register is written, the drive sets the BSY bit and begins execution of the command. If the drive is not already on the desired track, an implied seek is performed.

Once at the desired track, the drive searches for the data address mark of the requested sector. The data address mark must be recognized within a specified number of bytes, or the Data Address Mark Not Found error will be reported. Assuming the data address mark is found:

1. The data field is read into the sector buffer.

2. Error bits are set (if an error was encountered).

3. The DRQ bit is set.

4. An interrupt is generated.

The DRQ bit is always set, regardless of the presence or absence of an error condition after the sector. Upon command completion, the Command Block registers contain the numbers of the cylinder, head and sector of the last sector read. Back-to-back sector read commands set DRQ and generate an interrupt when the sector buffer is filled at the completion of each sector. The drive is then ready for the data to be read by the host. DRQ is reset and BSY is set immediately when the host empties the sector buffer.

If an error occurs during Read Sector commands, the read terminates at the sector where the error occurred. The host may then read the Command Block to determine the nature of that error, and the sector where it happened. If the error type is a correctable or an non-correctable data error, the flawed data is loaded into the sector buffer.

A Read Long command sets the Long bit in the command code and returns the data and the ECC bytes in the data field of the specified sector. During a Read Long, the drive does not check the ECC bytes to determine if there has been a data error. The Read Long command is limited to single sector requests.

Read Verify Sector(s)

Identical to the Read Sector(s) command, except that:

1. DRQ is never set,

2. No data is transferred back to the host and

3. The long bit is not valid.

7 – 2

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Read DMA

Multi-word DMA

Identical to the Read Sector(s) command, except that

1. The host initializes a slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command,

2. Data transfers are qualified by DMARQ and are performed by the slave-DMA channel and

3. The drive issues only one interrupt per command to indicate that data transfer has terminated and status is available.

Ultra DMA

With the Ultra DMA Read protocol, the control signal (DSTROBE) that latches data from DD(15:0) is generated by the devices which drives the data onto the bus. Ownership of DD(15:0) and this data strobe signal are given DSTROBE to the drive during an Ultra DMA data in burst.

During an Ultra DMA Read burst, the drive always moves data onto the bus, and, after a sufficient time to allow for propagation delay, cable settling, and setup time, the sender shall generate a DSTROBE edge to latch the data. Both edges of DSTROBE are used for data transfers.

Any unrecoverable error encountered during execution of a Read DMA command terminates data transfer after the transfer of all sectors prior to the sector where the error was detected. The sector in error is not transferred. The drive generates an interrupt to indicate that data transfer has terminated and status is available. The error posting is identical to the Read Sector(s) command.

Read Multiple

Performs similarly to the Read Sector(s) command, except that for each READ MULTIPLE command data transfers are multiple sector blocks and the Long bit is not valid.

Execution is also similar to that of the READ SECTOR(S) command, except that:

1. Several sectors are transferred to the host as a block, without intervening interrupts.

2. DRQ qualification of the transfer is required only at the start of each block, not of each sector.

The block count consists of the number of sectors to be transferred as a block. (The block count is programmed by the Set Multiple Mode command, which must be executed prior to the Read Multiple command.) READ LONG command is limited to single sector requests.

When the Read Multiple command is issued, the Sector Count register contains the number of sectors requested — not the number of blocks or the block count. If the number of sectors is not evenly divisible by the block count, as many full blocks as possible are transferred, followed by a final, partial block transfer. This final, partial block transfer is for N sectors, where N = (sector count) modulo (block count)

The Read Multiple operation will be rejected with an Aborted Command error if attempted:

1. Before the Set Multiple Mode command has been executed, or

2. When Read Multiple commands are disabled.

The controller reports disk errors encountered during Read Multiple commands at the start of the block or partial block transfer. However, DRQ still sets, and the transfer occurs normally, along with the transfer of any corrupt data. Remaining block data from the following the sector in error is not valid.

If the Sector Count register contains 0 when the Set Multiple Mode command is issued, Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands are disabled; no error is returned. Once the appropriate action has been taken, the controller resets BSY and generates an interrupt. At power up, or after a hardware or software reset, Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands are disabled by default.

7 – 3

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Set Multiple Mode

Enables the controller to perform Read and Write Multiple operations, and establishes the block count for these commands. Before issuing this command, the Sector Count register should be loaded with the number of sectors per block. The drives support block sizes of 2, 4, 8 and 16 sectors.

When this command is received, the controller sets BSY and examines the Sector Count register contents. If they contain a valid and supported block count value, that value is loaded for all subsequent Read and Write Multiple commands, and execution of those commands is enabled. An invalid and unsupported block count in the register results in an Aborted Command error and disallows Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands.

Write Commands

Write Sector(s)

Writes from 1 to 256 sectors, beginning at a sector specified in the Command Block. (A sector count of 0 requests 256 sectors.)

When the Command register is written, the drive sets the DRQ bit and waits for the host to fill the sector buffer with the data to be written. An interrupt is not generated to start the first buffer fill operation.

Once the buffer is full, the drive resets DRQ, sets BSY, and begins command execution. If the drive is not already on the desired track, an implied seek is performed.

The data loaded in the buffer is written to the data field of the sector, followed by the ECC bytes. Upon command completion, the Command Block registers contain the cylinder, head and sector number of the last sector written. The next time the buffer is ready to be filled during back-to-back Write Sector commands, DRQ is set and an interrupt is generated.

After the host fills the buffer, DRQ is reset and BSY is set. If an error occurs, Write Sector operations terminate at the sector containing the error.

The Command Block registers then contain the numbers of the cylinder, head and sector where the error occurred. The host may read the Command Block to determine the nature of that error, and on which sector it happened. A Write Long may be executed by setting the Long bit in the command code. The Write Long command writes the data and the ECC bytes directly from the sector buffer; the drive itself does not generate the ECC bytes. Restrict Write Long commands to PIO Mode 0.

Write Verify Sector(s)

Identical to the Write Sector(s) command, except that the requested sectors are verified immediately after being written. The verify operation reads (without transferring), and checks for data errors. Any errors encountered during this operation are reported.

Write Sector Buffer

Allows the host to overwrite the contents of the drive’s sector buffer with a selected data pattern. When this command is received, the drive:

1. Sets BSY,

2. Sets up the sector buffer for a write operation,

3. Sets DRQ,

4. Resets BSY and

5. Generates an interrupt.

7 – 4

The host may then write up to 256 words of data to the buffer. A disk write task begins to store the host data to disk. Host write commands continue to be accepted and data transferred to the buffer until either the write command stack is full or the data buffer is full. The drive may reorder write commands to optimize drive throughput.

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Write Multiple

Performs similarly to the Write Sector(s) command, except that:

1. The controller sets BSY immediately upon receipt of the command,

2. Data transfers are multiple sector blocks and

3. The Long bit and Retry bit is not valid.

Command execution differs from Write Sector(s) because:

1. Several sectors transfer to the host as a block without intervening interrupts.

2. DRQ qualification of the transfer is required at the start of the block, not on each sector.

The block count consists of the number of sectors to be transferred as a block and is programmed by the Set Multiple Mode command, which must be executed prior to the Write Multiple command. When the Write Multiple command is issued, the Sector Count register contains the number of sectors requested — not the number of blocks or the block count.

If the number of sectors is not evenly divisible by the block count, as many full blocks as possible are transferred, followed by a final, partial block transfer. This final, partial block transfer is for N sectors, where N = (sector count) modulo (block count)

The Write Multiple operation will be rejected with an Aborted Command error if attempted:

1. Before the Set Multiple Mode command has been executed, or

2. When Write Multiple commands are disabled.

All disk errors encountered during Write Multiple commands report after the attempted disk write of the block or partial block in which the error occurred.

The write operation ends with the sector in error, even if it was in the middle of a block. When an error occurs, subsequent blocks are not transferred. When DRQ is set at the beginning of each full and partial block, interrupts are generated.

Write DMA

Multi-word DMA

Identical to the Write Sector(s) command, except that:

1. The host initializes a slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command,

2. Data transfers are qualified by DMARQ and are performed by the slave-DMA channel and

3. The drive issues only one interrupt per command to indicate that data transfer has terminated at status is available.

Ultra DMA

With the Ultra DMA Write protocol, the control signal (HSTROBE) that latches data from DD(15:0) is generated by the devices which drives the data onto the bus. Ownership of DD(15:0) and this data strobe signal are given to the host for an Ultra DMA data out burst.

During an Ultra DMA Write burst, the host always moves data onto the bus, and, after a sufficient time to allow for propagation delay, cable settling, and setup time, the sender shall generate a HSTROBE edge to latch the data. Both edges of HSTROBE are used for data transfers.

Any error encountered during Write DMA execution results in the termination of data transfer. The drive issues an interrupt to indicate that data transfer has terminated and status is available in the error register. The error posting is the same as that of the Write Sector(s) command.

7 – 5

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Mode Set/Check Commands

Set Features Mode

Enables or disables features supported by the drive. When the drive receives this command it:

1. Sets BSY,

2. Checks the contents of the Features register,

3. Clears BSY and

4. Generates an interrupt.

If the value of the register is not a feature supported by the drive, the command is aborted. The acceptable values in the Features register are defined as follows:

VALUE DESCRIPTION

02h Enabled Write Cache 03h Set Transfer Mode based on value in Sector Count register 05h Enable Advanced Power Management

42h Enable Automatic Acoustic Management. The sector count register contains the

Automatic Acoustic Management level.

SECTOR LEVEL

81h-FDh Intermediate acoustic management levels

00h-7Fh reserved

44h Length of data appended on Read Long/Write Long commands specified in the

Identify Device information 55h Disable Read Look-ahead feature 66h Disable reverting to Power-on defaults 82h Disable Write Cache 85h Disable Advanced Power Management

AAh Enable Read Look-ahead feature BBh 4 bytes of Maxtor specific data appended on Read Long/Write Long commands

C2h Disable Automatic Acoustic Management

CCh Enable reverting to Power-on defaults

FFh Maxtor specific FEh Maximum performance

80h Minimum acoustic emanation level

7 – 6

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Read Native Max Address

This command returns the native maximum address. The native maximum address is the highest address accepted by the drive in the factory default condition. The native maximum address is the maximum address that is valid when using the SET MAX ADDRESS command.

Set Max

Individual SET MAX commands are identified by the value placed in the Features register. After successful command completion, all read and write access attempts to addresses greater than specified by the successful SET MAX ADDRESS command are rejected with an IDNF error. IDENTIFY DEVICE response words 1, 54, 57, 60 and 71 will reflect the maximum address set with this command.

VALUE COMMAND

00h obsolete 01h Set Max Set Password 02h Set Max Lock 03h Set Max Unlock 04h Set Max Freeze Lock

05h-FFh reserved

Set Max Password

This sub-command requests a transfer of a single sector of data from the host. The password is retained by the drive until the next power cycle.

Set Max Lock

After this sub-command is completed any other SET MAX commands except SET MAX UNLOCK and SET MAX FREEZE LOCK are rejected. The drive remains in this state until a power cycle or the acceptance of a SET MAX UNLOCK or SET MAX FREEZE LOCK command.

Set Max Unlock

This sub-command requests a transfer of a single sector of data from the host. The password supplied in the sector of data transferred will be compared with the stored SET MAX password.

If the password compare fails, then the drive returns command aborted and decrements the unlock counter. On the acceptance of the SET MAX LOCK command, this counter is set to a value of five and will be decremented for each password mismatch when SET MAX UNLOCK is issued and the drive is locked. When this counter reaches zero, then the SET MAX UNLOCK command will return command aborted until a power cycle.

If the password compare matches, then the drive will make a transition to the Set_Max_Unlocked state and all SET MAX commands will be accepted.

Set Max Freeze Lock

After sub-command completion any subsequent SET MAX commands are rejected. Commands disabled by SET MAX FREEZE LOCK are:

Set Max Address Set Max Set Password Set Max Lock Set Max Unlock

7 – 7

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Power Mode Commands

Standby Immediate – 94h/E0h

Spin down and do not change time out value. This command will spin the drive down and cause the drive to enter the STANDBY MODE immediately. If the drive is already spun down, the spin down sequence is not executed.

Idle Immediate – 95h/E1h

Spin up and do not change time out value. This command will spin up the spin motor if the drive is spun down, and cause the drive to enter the IDLE MODE immediately. If the drive is already spinning, the spin up sequence is not executed. The actuator is parked and some circuits are powered off.

Standby – 96h/E2h

Spin down and change time out value. This command will spin the drive down and cause the drive to enter the STANDBY MODE immediately. If the drive is already spun down, the spin down sequence is not executed. A non-zero value placed in the sector count register will enable the Automatic Power Down sequence. The timer will begin counting down when the drive returns to the IDLE MODE. A value of zero placed in the sector count register will disable the Automatic Power Down sequence.

Idle – 97h/E3h

Spin up and change time out value. This command will spin-up the spin motor if the drive is spun-down. If the drive is already spinning, the spin up sequence is not executed. A non-zero value placed in the Sector Count register will enable the Automatic Power Down sequence and their timer will begin counting down immediately. A value of zero placed in the Sector Count register will disable the Automatic Power Down sequence. The actuator is parked and some circuits are powered off.

TIMER VALUE TIME-OUT PERIOD

0 Time-out disabled

1 - 240 (value * 5) seconds

241 - 251 ((value - 240) * 30) minutes

252 21 minutes 253 Vendor unique period = 10 hours 254 Reserved 255 21 minutes, 15 seconds

Check Power Mode – 98h/E5h

This command returns a code in the Sector Count register that determines the current Power Mode status of the drive. If the drive is in, going to, or recovering from the STANDBY MODE the drive sets the Sector Count register to OOh. If the drive is in the IDLE MODE or ACTIVE MODE, the drive sets the Sector Count register to FFh.

Set Sleep Mode – 99h/E6h

This command will spin the drive down and cause the drive to enter the SLEEP MODE immediately. If the drive is already spun down, the spin down sequence is not executed.

Note: The only way to recover from SLEEP MODE is with a software reset or a hardware reset.

7 – 8

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Default Power-on Condition

The drive’s default power on condition is the ACTIVE MODE.

Upon receiving a Power Mode command, except the SLEEP MODE command, the drive sets BSY and performs the requested power operation. Once the requested Power Mode change has begun, the drive resets BSY and generates an interrupt - without waiting for the drive to spin up or spin down. Upon receiving a SLEEP MODE command the drive is spun down, and when it is stopped, the drive resets BSY and generates an interrupt.

When enabling the Automatic Power Down sequence, the value placed in the Sector Count register is multiplied by five seconds to obtain the Time-out Interval value. If no drive commands are received from the host within the Time-out Interval, the drive automatically enters the STANDBY mode. The minimum value is 5 seconds.

While the drive is in STANDBY MODE, any commands received from the host are accepted and executed as they would in normal operation, except that the spin motor is started if required to execute a disk command. Under these conditions, the drive will set BSY when command processing would normally begin and will leave BSY set until the drive comes up to speed and the disk command can be executed. Disk commands issued while the drive is in STANDBY MODE, restarts the Time-out Interval after completing the command. A reset must be issued before attempting to issue any commands while the drive in SLEEP MODE.

7 – 9

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Initialization Commands

Identify Drive

Allows the host to receive parameter information from the drive. When the command is received, the drive:

1. Sets BSY,

2. Stores the required parameter information in the sector buffer,

3. Sets the DRQ bit and

4. Generates an interrupt.

The host may then read the information out of the sector buffer. Parameter words in the buffer follow. Note that all reserved bits or words should be zeroes.

WORD CONTENT DESCRIPTION

0 General configuration

1 Number of logical cylinders 2 Reserved 3 Number of logical heads

4-5 Retired

6 Number of logical sectors per logical track

7-8 Reserved

9 Retired

10 - 19 Drive serial number (20 ASCII characters) 20 - 21 Retired

22 Obsolete 23 - 26 Firmware revision (8 ASCII characters) 27 - 46 Model number (40 ASCII characters)

47 Maximum number of sectors that can be transferred per interrupt on read and write multiple commands

48 Reserved

49 Capabilities

15 = device (0 = ATA device, 1 = ATAPI) 14-8 = retired 7, 1 = removable media device 6, 1 = not removable controller and/or device 5-3 = retired 2 = response incomplete 1 = retired 0 = reserved

15 - 14 = reserved 13 = standby timer (1 = values as specified in this standard are supported, 0 = values are Maxtor specific) 12 = reserved (advanced PIO mode support) 11, 1 = IORDY supported, 0 = IORDY may be supported 10, 1 = IORDY can be disabled 9-8 = shall be set to one. Used by Identify Packet Device command. 7-0 = not used

7 – 10

-WORD CONTENT DESCRIPTION

50 Reserved

51 - 52 Obsolete

53 15-3 = reserved

2, 1 = the fields supported in words 88 are valid, 0 = the fields supported in words 88 are not valid 1, 1 = the fields reports in words 64-70 are valid, 0 = the fields reports in words 64-70 are not valid

0, 1 = the fields reports in words 54-58 are valid, 0 = the fields reports in words 54-58 are not valid 54 Number of current logical cylinders 55 Number of current logical heads 56 Number of logical sectors per track

57 - 58 Current capacity in sectors

59 15-9 = reserved

8, 1 = multiple sector setting is valid

7-0 xxh = current setting for number of sectors that canbe transferred per interrupt on Read/Write Multiple

command

60 - 61 Total number of user addressable sectors (LBA mode only)

62 obsolete 63 15-11 = reserved

10, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 2 is selected, 0 = Multi-word DMA mode 2 is not selected

9, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 1 is selected, 0 = Multi-word DMA mode 1 is not selected

8, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 0 is selected, 0 = Multi-word DMA mode 0 is not selected

7-3, = reserved

2, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 2 and below are supported

1, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 1 and below are supported

0, 1 = Multi-word DMA mode 0 is supported

7-0 = Multi=word DMA transfer modes supported 64 15-8 = reserved, 7-0 = advanced PIO transfer modes supported 65 Minimum multi-word DMA transfer cycle time per word (15-0 = cycle time in nanoseconds) 66 Manufacturer's recommeded multi-word DMA transfer cycle time (15-0 = cycle time in nanoseconds) 67 Minimum PIO transfer cycle time without flow control (15-0 = cycle time in nanoseconds) 68 Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with IORDY flow control (15-0 = cycle time in nanoseconds)

69-74 reserved

75 Queue depth, 15-3 = reserved, 4-0, maximum queue depth - 1

76-79 reserved

80 Major version number

15, reserved, 14-6 = reserved for ATA/ATAPI-14 to ATA/ATAPI-6 respectively

5, 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-5

4, 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-4 3, 1 = supports ATA-3 2, 1 = supports ATA-2 1, obsolete 0, reserved

81 Minor version number

82 Command set supported. If words 82 and 83 = 0000h or FFFFh command set notification not supported.

15, obsolete 14, 1 = supports the NOP command 13, 1 = supports the Read Buffer command 12, 1 = supports the Write Buffer command 11, obsolete 10, 1 = supports Host-Protected Area feature set 9, 1 = supports the Device Reset command 8, 1 = supports Service Interupt 7, 1 = supports Release Interupt 6, 1 = supports Look Ahead 5, 1 = supports Write Cache

4, shall be cleared to zero 3, 1 = supports the Power Management feature command 2, 1 = supports the Removable Media feature command 1, 1 = supports the Security Mode feature command 0, 1 = supports the SMART feature set

INTERFACE COMMANDS

7 – 11

INTERFACE COMMANDS

WORD CONTENT DESCRIPTION

83 Command sets supported. If words 82 and 83 = 0000h or FFFFh command set notification not supported.

15-10, as currently defined 9, 1 = Automatic Acoustic Management feature set supported 8-0, as currently defined

84 Command set extensions supported. If words 84, 85 and 86 = 0000h or FFFFh command set notification not

supported. 15 = shall be cleared to zero 14 = shall be set to one 13-0 = reserved

85 Command set enabled. If words 84, 85 and 86 = 0000h or FFFFh command set notification not supported.

15, obsolete 14, 1 = NOP command enabled 13, 1 = Read Buffer command enabled 12, 1 = Write Buffer command enabled 11, obsolete 10, 1 = Host Protected Area feature set enabled 9, 1 = Device Reset command enabled 8, 1 = Service Interrupt enabled 7, 1 = Release Interrupt enabled 6, 1 = Look Ahead enabled 5, 1 = Write Cache enabled

4, 1 = Packet command feature set enabled 3, 1 = Power Mangement feature set enabled 2, 1 = Removable Media feature set enabled 1, 1 = Security Mode feature set enabled 0, 1 = SMART feature set enabled

86 Command sets supported. If words 82 and 83 = 0000h or FFFFh command set notification not supported.

15-10, as currently defined 9, 1 = Automatic Acoustic Management feature set supported 8-0, as currently defined

88 Ultra DMA

15-13 reserved 12 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is selected

0 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is not selected 11 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is selected

0 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is not selected 10 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is selected

0 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is not selected 9 1 = Ultra DMA mode 1 is selected

0 = Ultra DMA mode 1 is not selected 8 1 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is selected

0 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is not selected 7-5 reserved

4 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 and below are supported 3 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 and below are supported 2 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 and below are supported 1 1 = Ultra DMA mode 1 and below are supported 0 1 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported

127 reserved 128 Security Status

15-9 reserved 8 Security Level 0 = High, 1 = Maximum 7-5 reserved

4 1 = Security count expired 3 1 = Security frozen 2 1 = Security locked 1 1 = Security enabled

129-130 reserved

132-159 Maxtor-specific (not used) 160-255 reserved

0 1 = Security supported

131 Spin at power-up, but 0 is asserted when no spin at power-up is enabled.

7 – 12

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Initialize Drive Parameters

Enables the drive to operate as any logical drive type. The drive will always be in the translate mode because of Zone Density Recording, which varies the number of sectors per track depending on the zone. Through setting the Sector Count Register and Drive Head Register, this command lets the host alter the drive's logical configuration. As a result, the drive can operate as any equal to or less than capacity drive type. Do not exceed the total number of sectors available on the drive:

When this command is executed, the drive reads the Sector Counter Register and the Drive Head Register (and so determines the number of the logical sectors per track and maximum logical head number per cylinder and will calculate the number of logical cylinders.)

Upon receipt of the command, the drive:

1. Sets BSY,

2. Saves the parameters,

3. Resets BSY and

4. Generates an interrupt.

To specify maximum heads, write 1 less than the maximum (e.g. write 4 for a 5 head drive). To specify maximum sectors, specify the actual number of sectors (e.g. 17 for a maximum of 17 sectors/track).

The sector count and head values are not checked for validity by this command. If they are invalid, no error will be posted until an illegal access is made by some other command.

Moves the read/write heads from anywhere on the disk to cylinder 0. When this command is received, the drive:

1. Sets BSY and

2. Issues a seek to cylinder zero.

The drive waits for the seek to complete, then the drive:

1. Updates status,

2. Resets BSY and

3. Generates an interrupt.

If the drive cannot reach cylinder 0, the Error bit is set in the Status register, and the Track 0 bit is set in the Error register.

NOTE: If a maximum head and sector number is selected – such that the number of cylinders will exceed 65,535 – then the maximum cylinder value will be reduced to 65, 535.

7 – 13

INTERFACE COMMANDS

Seek, Format and Diagnostic Commands

Seek

Initiates a seek to the track, and selects the head specified in the Command block.

1. Sets BSY in the Status register,

2. Initiates the Seek,

3. Resets BSY and

4. Generates an interrupt.

The drive does not wait for the seek to complete before returning the interrupt. If a new command is issued to a drive during the execution of a Seek command, the drive will wait (with BSY active) for the Seek to complete before executing the new command.

Format Track

Formats the track specified in the Command Block. Shortly after the Command register is written, the drive sets the bit, and waits for the host to fill the sector buffer with the interleave table. When the buffer is full, the drive resets DRQ, sets BSY and begins command execution. If the drive is not already on the desired track, an implied seek is performed. Once at the desired track the data fields are written with all zeroes.

Execute Drive Diagnostic

Commands the drive to implement the internal diagnostic tests. (These tests are executed only upon command receipt; they do not run automatically at power up or after a reset.)

The drive sets BSY immediately upon receiving this command. The following table presents the codes and their descriptions. Note that the value in the Error register should be viewed as a unique 8 bit Code.

ERROR CODE DESCRIPTION

01 No error detected 00 Master drive failed

80, 82 Master and slave drives failed

81 Slave drive failed

Note: If a slave drive fails diagnostics, the master drive OR’s 80h with its own status, and loads that code into the Error register. If a slave drive passes diagnostics (or a slave is absent), the master drive OR’s 00 with its own status and loads that code into the Error register.

7 – 14

INTERFACE COMMANDS

S.M.A.R.T. Command Set

Execute S.M.A.R.T.

The Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) command has been implemented to improve the data integrity and data availability of hard disk drives. In some cases, a S.M.A.R.T. capable device will predict an impending failure with sufficient time to allow users to backup their data and replace the drive before data loss or loss of service. In addition to S.M.A.R.T., DiamondMax drives support DST and all of its options.

The S.M.A.R.T. sub-commands (listed below) comprise the ATA S.M.A.R.T. feature set that provide access to S.M.A.R.T. attribute values, attribute thresholds and other logging and reporting information. Prior to writing a S.M.A.R.T. command to the device’s command register, key values must be written by the host into the device’s Cylinder Low and Cylinder High registers, or the command will be aborted. For any S.M.A.R.T. sub-command, if a device register is not specified as being written with a value by the host, then the value in that register is undefined and will be ignored by the device. The key values are:

Key Register

4Fh Cylinder Low (1F4h) C2h Cylinder High (1F5h)

The S.M.A.R.T. sub-commands use a single command code (B0h) and are differentiated from one another by the value placed in the Features register. In order to issue a command, the host must write the subcommand-specific code to the device’s Features register before writing the command code to the command register. The sub-commands and their respective codes are:

D0h S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Value

This feature returns 512 bytes of attribute information to the host.

D1h S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds

This feature returns 512 bytes of warranty failure thresholds to the host.

D2h Enable/Disable Autosave

To enable this feature, set the sector count register to F1h (enable) or 0 (disable). Attribute values are automatically saved to non-volatile storage on the device after five minutes of idle time and before entering idle, sleep or standby modes. This feature is defaulted to “enabled” when S.M.A.R.T. is enabled via the S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations commands. The autosave feature will not impact host system performance and does not need to be disabled.

D3h S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Value

This feature saves the current attribute values to non-volatile storage.

D4h Perform Off-Line Data Collection/DST

Data is collected from random seeks, timed pattern seek times and head margin tests. Supports captive long and short; and non-captive long and short.

D5h S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector

Allows the host to read S.M.A.R.T. error log and host vendor-specific sectors.

D6h S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector

Allows the host to write S.M.A.R.T. error log and host vendor-specific sectors.

D8h Enable S.M.A.R.T.

D9h Disable S.M.A.R.T.

DAh S.M.A.R.T. Return Status

This feature allows the host to assess the status of a S.M.A.R.T. capable device by comparing all saved attribute values with their corresponding warranty failure thresholds. If no thresholds are exceeded, the drive is declared to have a positive health status. If any warranty failure threshold is exceeded, the drive is declared to have a negative health status. Executing this sub-command results in all attribute values being saved to non-volatile storage on the device.

DBh Enable/Disable Automatic Off-Line

To enable this feature, set the Sector Count register to F1h or 0 to disable.

7 – 15

SECTION 8

Service and Support

Service Policy

If a customer discovers a defect in a DiamondMax® 60 drive, Maxtor will, at its option, repair or replace the disk drive at no charge to the customer, provided it is returned during the warranty period. Drives must be properly packaged in Maxtor packaging or Maxtor-approved packaging to obtain warranty service. Any unauthorized repairs or adjustments to the drive void the warranty.

To consistently provide our customers with the best possible products and services, Maxtor developed the Total Customer Satisfaction (TCS) program. Through the ongoing TCS process, Maxtor employees take direct responsibility for every customer’s level of satisfaction – with Maxtor technology, price, quality, delivery, service and support.

No Quibble® Service

Another TCS feature is Maxtor’s No Quibble® Service policy. By minimizing paperwork and processing, No Quibble Service dramatically cuts the turnaround time normally required for repairs and returns.

Here’s how it works:

SERVICE AND SUPPORT

1. Customer calls 1-800-2MAXTOR for a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and provides a credit card number,

2. Maxtor ships a replacement drive within 2 business days, and

3. Customer returns the original drive and credit card draft is destroyed.

Support

Technical Assistance

Highly-trained technicians are available 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. (Mountain Standard Time) Monday through Friday to provide detailed technical support.

U.S. and Canada Language support: English, Spanish

Voice 800-2MAXTOR, press 1 (800-262-9867) E-mail Technical_Assistance@maxtor.com Fax 303-678-2260

Outside U.S. and Canada 303-678-2015

Europe Language support: English, French, German

Voice + 353 1 286 62 22 E-mail Eurotech_Assistance@maxtor.com Fax + 353 1 286 45 77

Asia/Pacific

Voice Contact your local Maxtor Sales Office for assistance E-mail Apactech_Assistance@maxtor.com

Language support: English

MaxInfo Service

Use a touch-tone phone to listen to technical information about Maxtor products and the top Q&A’s from our 24-hour automated voice system.

U.S. and Canada 800-2MAXTOR (800-262-9867)

Press 1, wait for announcement, listen for option

Outside U.S. and Canada 303-678-2015, listen for option

8 – 1

SERVICE AND SUPPORT

MaxFax™ Service

Use a touch-tone phone to order Technical Reference Sheets, Drive Specifications, Installation Sheets and other documents from our 24-hour automated fax retrieval system. Requested items are sent to your fax machine.

U.S. and Canada Language support: English

Outside U.S. and Canada 303-678-2618 Europe Language support: English, French, German

Asia/Pacific Language support: English

Internet

Browse the Maxtor home page on Internet, download files from our FTP site.

Home Page http://www.maxtor.com

Customer Service

All Maxtor products are backed by No Quibble Service®, the benchmark for service and support in the industry. Customer Service is available 5 a.m. to 5 p.m. (Pacific Standard Time) Monday through Friday.

Phone 800-2MAXTOR, listen for option (800-262-9867)

Phone + 353 1 204 11 22

Phone + 61 2 9369 4733

U.S. and Canada Language support: English, Spanish

Voice 800-2MAXTOR, press 2 (800-262-9867) E-mail RMA@maxtor.com Fax 408-922-2085

Europe Language support: English, French, German

Voice + 353 1 286 62 22 E-mail Eurotech_Assistance@maxtor.com Fax + 353 1 286 14 19

Asia/Pacific Call Singapore Customer Service from the countries listed below.

Customer Service is available 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

(Singapore time is GMT +8).

From Dial

Australia 1-800-124-328 Hong Kong +800-96-3387 Indonesia +001-803-65-6500 Japan +0031-65-3616 South Korea +0078-65-800-6500 Malaysia 1-800-1126 New Zealand +0800-44-6542 Singapore 1-800-481-6788 Taiwan +0080-65-1062 Thailand +001-800-65-6500

8 – 2

Glossary

GLOSSARY

ACCESS

To obtain data from, or place data into, RAM, a register, or data storage device.

ACCESS TIME

The interval between the issuing of an access command and the instant that the target data may be read or written. Access time includes seek time, latency and controller overhead time.

ADDRESS

A number, generally binary, distinguishing a specific member of an ordered set of locations. In disk engineering, the address may consist of drives (unit address), radial positions (cylinder address), or circumferential position (sector address).

ALLOCATION

A process of assigning designated areas of the disk to particular files.

ALTERNATE TRACK

A spare track used in the event that a normal track becomes damaged or is unusable.

ANALOG

A signal or system that does not use digital states to convey information. A signal may have any number of significant states (values), contrasted to digital signals which can only have two states.

ANSI

American National Standards Institute.

APPLICATION PROGRAM

A sequence of programmed instructions that tell the computer how to perform some end-user task, such as accounting or word processing.

AREAL DENSITY

Bit density (bits per inch) multiplied by track density (tracks per inch) or bits per square inch.

ASYMMETRY

A distortion of the readback signal which is shown in different intervals between the positive and negative voltage peaks.

AUXILIARY MEMORY

Memory other than main memory; generally a mass-storage subsystem containing disk drives and backup tape drives, controller(s) and buffer memory (also called peripheral memory).

AVERAGE ACCESS TIME

The average time to make all possible length accesses (seeks).

AVERAGE SEEK TIME

The average time to make all possible length seeks. A typical measure of performance.

BAD BLOCK

A block that cannot store data because of a media flaw.

BIT

An abbreviation for binary digit, of which there are two (0 and 1). A bit is the basic data unit of most digital computers. A bit is usually part of a data byte or word, but bits may be used singly to control or read logic “on-off” functions. The fundamental unit information, often used loosely to refer to a circuit or magnetization state at a particular instant in time.

BIOS

Acronym for Basic Input/Output System. The firmware area of a CPU that controls operations through the system bus and to the attached cards and peripheral devices.

BPI

Acronym for bits per inch. See bit density.

BLOCK

A group of bytes handled, stored, and accessed as a logical data unit, such as an individual file record.

BUFFER

A temporary data storage area that compensates for a difference in data transfer rates and/or data processing rates between sender and receiver.

BUS

A collection of functionally parallel conductors that forms an interconnection between functional blocks in a digital device. A length of parallel conductors that forms a major interconnection route between the computer system CPU (central processing unit) and its peripheral subsystems. Depending on its design, a bus may carry data, addresses, power, and more.

BYTE

An ordered collection of bits treated as a unit. Most often, a byte is understood to consist of eight bits. One byte is necessary to define an alphanumeric character.

CACHE

Random access memory (RAM) used as a buffer between the CPU and the disk drive.

CAPACITY

The amount of data, usually expressed in bytes, which can be stored in a given device or portion of same.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

The heart of the computer system that executes programmed instructions. It includes the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing all math and logic operations, a control section for interpreting and executing instructions, internal memory for temporary storage of program variables and other functions.

CHANNEL

A collection of electronic circuits used in the process of writing and reading information to and from magnetic media.

CHARACTER

An ordered collection of bits representing one of a set of predefined symbols. Often the term is used interchangeably with byte, but this is inexact.

CLOSED LOOP

A control technique that enables the positioning system to correct off-track errors in real time. The actual head position is monitored and compared to the ideal track position to determine any position error that might be occurring. This information is then used to produce a correction signal (feedback) that goes to the positioner to correct the error. (See also track following servo).

CLOSED LOOP SERVO

A servo control technique that uses position feedback to correct off-track errors. See Track Following Servo.

CLUSTER

The smallest allocatable unit of disk storage allowed by MS-DOS; each FAT entry represents one cluster.

CONTROLLER

An electronic device for connecting one or more mass storage peripherals (rigid disk drives, tape drives, and optical disk drives) to the input/output circuits of a host computer. Controllers vary in complexity, with more sophisticated units able to buffer and schedule commands, correct data errors, and bypass media defects without host intervention.

GL – 1

GLOSSARY

CONTROLLER

A miniature CPU dedicated to controlling a peripheral device, such as a disk drive, tape drive, video display terminal, or printer. The controller executes commands from the central processing unit and reissues commands to the peripheral device.

CORRECTABLE ERROR

An error that can be overcome by the use of Error Detection and Correction.

CYLINDER

On several disk surfaces sharing a common rotational axis, the aggregate of tracks at a given radial position. A set of disk tracks that are simultaneously under the set of read/write heads. This three-dimensional storage volume can be accessed after a single seek.

CYLINDER ZERO

The outermost cylinder in a drive that can be used for data storage.

DATA

An ordered collection of information. In a specific case, it is the information processed by a computer.

DATA SEPARATOR

An electronic circuit which decodes playback data and produces separate clock and data bits. Sometimes incorrectly used to denote data synchronizer.

DATA SYNCHRONIZER

An electronic circuit producing a clock signal that is synchronous with the incoming data stream. This clock signal is then used to decode the recording code being used into user data.

DATA TRANSFER RATE

In a disk or tape drive, the rate at which data is transferred to or from the storage media. It is usually given in thousands of bits per second (Kbit/second) or millions of bits per second (Mbit/second).

DEDICATED LANDING ZONE

A designated radial zone on the disk where contact starting and stopping occur by design.

DEDICATED SERVO

A servo scheme in which a prerecorded pattern on an otherwise unused disk surface provides position information to the servo circuitry by means of a head reading that surface.

DEFECT

A magnetic imperfection in a recording surface.

DEFECT MANAGEMENT

A general methodology of avoiding data errors on a recording surface by avoiding the use of known bad areas of media. Usually defective sectors or tracks are retired and data are written in alternate locations. Several algorithms are possible such as “sector slipping,” or “spare sector per track.”

DEFECT MAP

A list of defects that fall within a pass/fail criteria of a user. This list is usually used by an operating system or a disk drive controller for defect management.

DEFECT SKIPPING

A defect management scheme for avoiding surface defects. It has data written before and after the defect, instead of using alternate tracks or sectors to avoid use of the defective area.

DENSITY

Generally, recording density. See areal, bit, and storage density.

DC ERASE

The method of erasing a track using a DC write/erase current through either a Read/Write or Erase head.

DIGITAL

Any system that processes digital binary signals (having only values of a 1 or 0; usually in bits and bytes) rather than analog signals (signals that can have many values)

DIGITAL MAGNETIC RECORDING

See magnetic recording.

DIRECT ACCESS

Access directly to memory location. (See random access).

DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS

A mean of data transfer between the device and host memory without processor intervention.

Maxtor DIAMONDMAX 92305H3, DIAMONDMAX 91536H2, DIAMONDMAX 94610H6, DIAMONDMAX 96147H8, DIAMONDMAX 93073H4 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual