The MAX4357 is a 32 16 highly integrated video
crosspoint switch matrix with input and output buffers.
This device operates from dual ±3V to ±5V supplies or
from a single +5V supply. Digital logic is supplied from
an independent single +2.7V to +5.5V supply. All inputs
and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive
standard 75Ω reverse-terminated video loads.
The switch matrix configuration and output buffer gain
are programmed through an SPI™/QSPI™-compatible,
3-wire serial interface and initialized with a single
update signal. The unique serial interface operates in
two modes facilitating both fast updates and initialization. On power-up, all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large-array
configurations.
Superior flexibility, high integration, and space-saving
packaging make this nonblocking switch matrix ideal
for routing video signals in security and video-ondemand systems.
The MAX4357 is available in a 128-pin TQFP package
and specified over an extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range.
(VCC= +5V, VEE= -5V, VDD= +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL= 150Ω to AGND, and TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise
noted. Typical values are at T
A
= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Analog Supply Voltage (VCC- VEE) .....................................+11V
Digital Supply Voltage (V
DD
- DGND) ...................................+6V
Analog Supplies to Analog Ground
(V
CC
- AGND) and (AGND - VEE) ..................................... +6V
Analog Ground to Digital Ground .........................-0.3V to +0.3V
IN_ Voltage Range .......................... (V
CC
+ 0.3V) to (VEE- 0.3V)
OUT_ Short-Circuit Duration to AGND, V
CC
, or VEE......Indefinite
SCLK, CE, UPDATE, MODE, A_, DIN, DOUT,
RESET, AOUT..........................(V
DD
+ 0.3V) to (DGND - 0.3V)
Current into Any Analog Input Pin (IN_) ...........................±50mA
Current into Any Analog Output Pin (OUT_).....................±75mA
((VCC- VEE) = +4.5V to +10.5V, VDD= +2.7V to +5.5V, DGND = AGND = 0, VIN_ = 0 for dual supplies, VIN_ = +1.75V for single supply, RL= 150Ω to AGND, CL= 100pF, AV= +1V/V, and TA= T
MIN
- T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Note 1: Associated output voltage may be determined by multiplying the input voltage by the specified gain (A
V
)
and adding output
offset voltage.
Note 2: Logic-level characteristics apply to the following pins: DIN, DOUT, SCLK, CE, UPDATE, RESET, A3–A0, MODE, and AOUT.
Note 3: Switching transient settling time is guaranteed by the settling time (t
S
) specification. Switching transient is a result of updat-
ing the switch matrix.
Note 4: Input test signal: 3.58MHz sine wave of amplitude 40IRE superimposed on a linear ramp (0 to 100IRE). IRE is a unit of
video-signal amplitude developed by the International Radio Engineers: 140IRE = 1.0V.
Note 5: All devices are 100% production tested at T
A
= +25°C. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Not ValidSetup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE Low
t
HdHUd
Not ValidHold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE Low
t
PdDiDo
t
MnMd
t
MxTr
t
MnLRst
t
PdRstVo
TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
NAMEDESCRIPTION
t
PdUdVo
t
PdUdAo
t
PdDo
t
PdHOeVo
t
PdLOeVo
t
SuCe
t
SuDi
Hold Time: Clock to Data In
Min High Time: Clk
Min Low Time: Clk
Min Low Time: Update
Setup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE High
Hold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE high
Asynchronous Delay: Data In to Data Out
Min Low Time: MODE
Max Rise Time: Clk, Update
Min Low Time: Reset
Delay: Reset to Video Output
Delay: Update to Video Out
Delay: UPDATE to Aout
Delay: Clk to Data Out
Delay: Output Enable to Video Output
(High: Disable)
Delay: Output Enable to Video Output
(Low: Enable)
Setup: Clock Enable to Clock
Setup Time: Data In to Clock
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
Address Programming Inputs. Connect to DGND or V
Individual Output Address Mode (Table 3).
Serial Data Output. In Complete Matrix Mode, data is clocked through the 112-bit
Matrix Control Shift register. In Individual Output Address Mode, data at DIN
passes directly to DOUT.
S er i al Inter face M od e S el ect Inp ut. D r i ve hi g h for C om p l ete M atr i x M od e ( M od e 1) ,
or drive low for Individual Output Address Mode (Mode 0).
pin to AGND.
EE
pin to AGND.
CC
DD
to select the address for
Asynchronous Reset Input/Output. Drive RESET low to initiate hardware reset. All
55RESET
56UPDATE
57DINSerial Data Input. Data is clocked in on the falling edge of SCLK.
58–63, 101N.C.No Connection. Not internally connected. Connect to AGND.
matrix settings are set to power-up defaults and all analog outputs are disabled.
Additional power-on reset delay may be set by connecting a small capacitor from
RESET to DGND.
Update Input. Drive UPDATE low to transfer data from mode registers to the
matrix switch.
Digital Logic Supply. Bypass VDD with a 0.1µF capacitor DGND.
Buffered Analog Outputs. Gain is individually programmable for AV = +1V/V or
AV = +2V/V through the serial interface. Outputs may be individually disabled
(high impedance). On power-up, or assertion of RESET, all outputs are disabled.
The MAX4357 is a highly integrated 32 16 nonblocking video crosspoint switch matrix. All inputs and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive
standard 75Ω reverse-terminated video loads.
A 3-wire interface programs the switch matrix and initializes with a single update signal. The unique serial
interface operates in one of two modes, Complete
Matrix Mode (Mode 1) or Individual Output Address
Mode (Mode 0).
The signal path of the MAX4357 is from the buffered
inputs (IN0–IN31), through the switching matrix,
buffered by the output amplifiers, and presented at the
outputs (OUT0–OUT15) (
Functional Diagram
). The
other functional blocks are the serial interface and control logic. Each of the functional blocks is described in
detail in the sections following.
Analog Outputs
The MAX4357 outputs are high-speed amplifiers capable of driving 150Ω (75Ω back-terminated) loads. The
gain, AV= +1V/V or +2V/V, is selectable through programming bit 5 of the serial control word. Amplifier compensation is automatically optimized to maximize the
bandwidth for each gain selection. Each output can be
individually enabled and disabled via bit 6 of the serial
control word. When disabled, the output is high impedance presenting typically 4kΩ load, and 3pF output
capacitance, allowing multiple outputs to be connected
together for building large arrays. On power-up (or asynchronous RESET) all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large array
configurations. The programming and operation of the
MAX4357 is output referred. Outputs are configured individually to connect to any one of the 32 analog inputs,
programmed to the desired gain (AV= +1V/V or +2V/V),
and enabled or disabled in a high-impedance state.
Functional Diagram
RESET
SCLK
UPDATE
IN0
IN1
IN2
IN31
DIN
MAX4357
AV*
A
*
32 x 16
SWITCH MATRIX
POWER-ON
RESET
SERIAL
CE
INTERFACE
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
DISABLE ALL OUTPUTS
DECODE LOGIC
MATRIX REGISTER
UPDATE REGISTER
512
LATCHES
112 BITS
16 BITS
16
V
*
A
V
AV*
16
ENABLE/DISABLE
OUT0
OUT1
OUT2
OUT15
V
CC
V
EE
AGND
V
DD
DGND
DOUT
AOUT
A0-A3 MODE
*A
= +1V/V OR +2V/V
V
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
The MAX4357 offers 32 analog input channels. Each
input is buffered before the crosspoint matrix switch,
allowing one input to cross-connect up to 16 outputs.
The input buffers are voltage feedback amplifiers with
high-input impedance and low-input bias current. This
allows the use of very simple input clamp circuits.
Switch Matrix
The MAX4357 has 512 individual T-switches making a
32 16 switch matrix. The switching matrix is 100%
nonblocking, which means that any input may be routed to any output. The switch matrix programming is
output referred. Each output may be connected to any
one of the 32 analog inputs. Any one input can be routed to all 16 outputs with no signal degradation.
Digital Interface
The digital interface consists of the following pins: DIN,
DOUT, SCLK, AOUT, UPDATE, CE, A3–A0, MODE, and
RESET. DIN is the serial-data input, DOUT is the serialdata output.
SCLK is the serial-data clock which clocks data into the
data input registers (Figure 3). Data at DIN is loaded in
at each falling edge of SCLK. DOUT is the data shifted
out of the 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register (Mode
= 1). DIN passes directly to DOUT when in Individual
Output Address Mode (Mode = 0).
The falling edge of UPDATE latches the data and programs the matrix. When using Individual Output
Address Mode, the address recognition output AOUT
drives low when control-word bits D14 to D11 match
the address programming inputs (A3–A0) and UPDATE
is low (Table 1). Table 1 is the operation truth table.
Programming the Matrix
The MAX4357 offers two programming modes:
Individual Output Address Mode and Complete Matrix
Mode. These two distinct programming modes are
selected by toggling a single MODE pin high or low.
Both modes operate with the same physical board layout. This flexibility allows initial programming of the IC
by daisy-chaining and sending one long data word
while still being able to immediately address and
update individual outputs in the matrix.
SCLK into 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode
register. DOUT supplies original data in
112 SCLK pulses later.
Data in serial 112-bit Complete Matrix
Mode register is transferred into parallel
latches, which control the switching matrix.
Data at DIN is routed to Individual Output
Address Mode shift register. DIN is also
connected directly to DOUT so that all
devices on the serial bus may be
addressed in parallel.
4-bit chip address A3–A0 is compared to
D14–D11. If equal, remaining 11 bits in
Individual Output Address Mode register
are decoded, allowing reprogramming for
a single output. AOUT signals successful
individual matrix update.
XX XXXXX0
Asynchronous reset. All outputs are
disabled. Other logic remains unchanged.
Drive MODE to logic low to select Mode 0. Individual
outputs are programmed via the serial interface with a
single 16-bit control word. The control word consists of
a don’t care MSB, the chip address bits, output
address bits, an output enable/disable bit, an output
gain-set bit, and input address bits (Table 2 through
Table 6, and Figure 2).
In Mode 0, data at DIN passes directly to DOUT
through the data routing gate (Figure 3). In this configuration, the 16-bit control word is simultaneously sent to
all chips in an array of up to 16 addresses.
Complete Matrix Mode (MODE = 1)
Drive MODE to logic high to select Mode 1. A single
112-bit control word, consisting of sixteen 7-bit control
words, programs all outputs. The 112-bit control word’s
first 7-bit control word (MSBs) programs output 15, and
the last 7-bit control word (LSBs) programs output 0
(Table 7 and Figures 4 and 5). Data clocked into the
112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register is latched on the
falling edge of UPDATE, and the outputs are immediately updated.
Initialization String
Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1) is convenient for
programming the matrix at power-up. In a large matrix
consisting of many MAX4357s, all the devices can be
programmed by sending a single bit stream equal to n
x 112 bits where n is the number of MAX4357 devices
on the bus. The first 112-bit data word programs the
last MAX4357 in line (see
Matrix Programming
section).
RESET
The MAX4357 features an asynchronous bidirectional
RESET with an internal 20kΩ pullup resistor to VDD.
When RESET is pulled low either by internal circuitry, or
Figure 2. Serial Interface Block Diagram
4
SCLK
MODE
CE
A0–A3
CHIP ADDRESS
4
SCLK
CE
MODE
DIN
16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT
ADDRESS MODE REGISTER
11
112-BIT COMPLETE MATRIX MODE REGISTER
11
OUTPUT ADDRESS DECODE
UPDATE
EN
SWITCH MATRIX
112-BIT PARALLEL LATCH
51216
7
SWITCH DECODE
7
112
MODE
OUTPUT ENABLE
MODE
S
A
DATA
ROUTING
GATE
B
MODE
112
112
1
AOUT
DOUT
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
driven externally, the analog output buffers are latched
into a high-impedance state. After RESET is released,
the output buffers remain disabled. The outputs may be
enabled by sending a new 112-bit data word or a 16-bit
individual output address word. A reset is initiated from
any of three sources. RESET can be driven low by
external circuitry to initiate a reset, or RESET can be
pulled low by internal circuitry during power-up (poweron reset) or thermal shutdown.
Since driving RESET low only clears the output-bufferenable bit in the matrix control latches, RESET can be
used to disable all outputs simultaneously. If no new
data has been loaded into the 112-bit Complete Matrix
Mode register, a single UPDATE restores the previous
matrix control settings.
Power-On Reset
The power-on reset ensures all output buffers are in a
disabled state when power is initially applied. A V
DD
voltage comparator generates the power-on reset.
When the voltage at VDDis less than 2.5V, the poweron-reset comparator pulls RESET low via internal circuitry. As the digital-supply voltage ramps up crossing
2.5V, the MAX4357 holds RESET low for 40ns (typ).
Connecting a small capacitor from RESET to DGND
extends the power-on-reset delay. (see the RESET
Delay vs. RESET Capacitance graph in the
Typical
Operating Characteristics)
.
Thermal Shutdown
The MAX4357 features thermal shutdown protection
with temperature hysteresis. When the die temperature
exceeds 150°C, the MAX4357 pulls RESET low, disabling the output buffer. When the die cools by 20°C,
the RESET pulldown is deasserted, and output buffers
remain disabled until the device is programmed again.
Applications Information
Building Large Video-Switching Systems
The MAX4357 can be easily used to create larger
switching matrices. The number of ICs required to
implement the matrix is a function of the number of
input channels, the number of outputs required, and
whether the array needs to be nonblocking.
The most straightforward technique for implementing
nonblocking matrices is to arrange the building blocks
in a grid. The inputs connect to each vertical bank of
devices in parallel with the other banks. The outputs of
each building block in a vertical column connect
together in a wired-OR configuration. Figure 6 shows a
128-input, 32-output, nonblocking array using eight
MAX4357 crosspoint devices.
Table 2. 16-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 0: Individual Output
Address Mode)
BITNAMEFUNCTION
15 (MSB)XDon’t care
14IC Address A3MSB of selected chip address
13IC Address A2MSB of selected chip address
12IC Address A1MSB of selected chip address
11IC Address A0LSB of selected chip address
10Output Address B3MSB of output buffer address
9Output Address B2MSB of output buffer address
8Output Address B1MSB of output buffer address
7Output Address B0LSB of output buffer address
6Output EnableEnable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable
5Gain SetGain select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V
4Input Address 4MSB of input channel select address
3Input Address 3MSB of input channel select address
2Input Address 2MSB of input channel select address
1Input Address 1MSB of input channel select address
0 (LSB)Input Address 0LSB of input channel select address
The wired-OR connection of the outputs shown in the
diagram is possible because the outputs of the IC
devices can be placed in a disabled, or high-impedance-output state. This disable state of the output
buffers is designed for a maximum impedance vs. frequency while maintaining a low-output capacitance.
These characteristics minimize the adverse loading
effects from the disabled outputs. Larger arrays are
constructed by extending this connection technique to
more devices.
Driving a Capacitive Load
Figure 6 shows an implementation requiring many outputs to be wired together. This creates a situation
where each output buffer sees not only the normal load
impedance, but also the disabled impedance of all the
other outputs. This impedance has a resistive and a
capacitive component. The resistive components
reduce the total effective load for the driving output.
Total capacitance is the sum of the capacitance of all
the disabled outputs and is a function of the size of the
matrix. Also, as the size of the matrix increases, the
length of the PC board traces increases, adding more
capacitance. The output buffers have been designed to
drive more than 30pF of capacitance while still maintaining a good AC response. Depending on the size of
the array, the capacitance seen by the output can
exceed this amount. There are several ways to improve
the situation. The first is to use more building-block
crosspoint devices to reduce the number of outputs
that need to be wired together (Figure 7).
In Figure 7, the additional devices are placed in a second bank to multiplex the signals. This reduces the
number of wired-OR connections. Another solution is to
put a small resistor in series with the output before the
capacitive load to limit excessive ringing and oscillations. Figure 8 shows the Optimal Isolation Resistor vs.
Capacitive Load. A lowpass filter is created from the
series resistor and parasitic capacitance to ground.
Figure 3. Mode 0, Individual Output Address Mode Timing and Programming Example
16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE:
FIRST BIT IS A DON'T CARE BIT, LAST 15 BITS CLOCKED INTO DIN WHEN MODE = 0, CREATES ADDRESS WORD; IC ADDRESS A3–A0 IS COMPARED TO DIN14–DIN11
WHEN UPDATE IS LOW; IF EQUAL, ADDRESSED OUTPUT IS UPDATED.
UPDATE
t
MODE
SCLK
SuMd
DIN
t
HdMd
DON'T CARE X
IC ADDRESS A3
IC ADDRESS A2
IC ADDRESS = 2OUTPUT ADDRESS = 9
IC ADDRESS A0
IC ADDRESS A1
OUTPUT ADDRESS B1
OUTPUT ADDRESS B2
OUTPUT ADDRESS B3
EXAMPLE OF 16-BIT SERIAL CONTROL WORD FOR OUTPUT CONTROL IN INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE
OUTPUT ENABLE
OUTPUT ADDRESS B0
GAIN SET = +1V/V
INPUT ADDRESS 3 = 0
INPUT ADDRESS 4 (MSB) = 1
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, A
CONNECTED TO INPUT 16
INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 0
INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 0
= +1V/V,
V
INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
Figure 4. 7-Bit Control Word and Programming Example (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode)
SCLK
t
SuDi
DIN
UPDATE
DOUT
EXAMPLE OF 7-BIT
SERIAL CONTROL WORD
FOR OUTPUT CONTROL
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, AV = +1V/V,
CONNECTED TO INPUT 28
t
HdDi
t
PdDo
t
MnLCk
SCLK
DIN
t
MnHCk
+1V/V
t
SuHUd
t
MnLUd
NEXT CONTROL WORD
ENABLE OUTPUT
GAIN SET =
INPUT ADDRESS 3 = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 4 (MSB) = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 0
INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0
1
UPDATE
1
MODE
DIN
MOST SIGNIFICANT BITS OF THE 7-BIT CONTROL WORD ARE SHIFTED IN FIRST; I.E., OUT15, THEN OUT14, ETC.
LAST 7 BITS SHIFTED IN PRIOR TO UPDATE FALLING EDGE PROGRAM OUT0.
A single R-C does not affect the performance at video
frequencies, but in a very large system there may be
many R-Cs cascaded in series. The cumulative effect is
a slight rolling off of the high frequencies causing a
"softening" of the picture. There are two solutions to
achieve higher performance. One way is to design the
PC board traces associated with the outputs such that
they exhibit some inductance. By routing the traces in a
repeating "S" configuration, the traces that are nearest
each other exhibit a mutual inductance increasing the
total inductance. This series inductance causes the
amplitude response to increase or peak at higher frequencies, offsetting the rolloff from the parasitic capacitance. Another solution is to add a small-value inductor
to the output.
Crosstalk and Board Routing Issues
Improper signal routing causes performance problems.
The MAX4357 has a typical crosstalk rejection of
-62dB at 6MHz. A bad PC board layout degrades the
crosstalk rejection by 20dB or more. To achieve the
best crosstalk performance:
1. Place ground isolation between long critical signal
PC board trace runs. These traces act as a shield to
potential interfering signals. Crosstalk can be
degraded from parallel traces as well as directly
above and below on adjoining PC board layers.
Table 5. Output Selection Programming
Figure 6. 128 x 32 Nonblocking Matrix Using 32 x 16
Crosspoint Devices
2. Maintain controlled-impedance traces. Design as
many of the PC board traces as possible to be 75Ω
transmission lines. This lowers the impedance of the
traces reducing a potential source of crosstalk. More
power dissipates due to the output buffer driving a
lower impedance.
3. Minimize ground current interaction by using a good
ground plane strategy.
In addition to crosstalk, another key issue of concern is
isolation. Isolation is the rejection of undesirable feedthrough from input to output with the output disabled.
The MAX4357 achieves a -110dB isolation at 6MHz by
selecting the pinout configuration such that the inputs
and outputs are on opposite sides of the package.
Coupling through the power supply is a function of the
quality and location of the supply bypassing. Use
appropriate low-impedance components and locate
them as close as possible to the IC. Avoid routing the
inputs near the outputs.
Table 6. Input Selection Programming
Figure 7. 128 x 16 Nonblocking Matrix with Reduced Capacitive
Loading
Figure 8. Optimal Isolation Resistor vs. Capacitive Load
INPUTS (0–31)
32
IN
INPUTS (32–63)
INPUTS (64–95)
INPUTS (96–127)
32
IN
32
IN
32
IN
MAX4357
MAX4357
MAX4357
MAX4357
OUT
OUT
OUT
OUT
16
16
16
IN
MAX4357
16
16
16
IN
OUT
16
OUTPUTS (0–15)
OPTIMAL ISOLATION RESISTANCE
vs. CAPACITIVE LOAD
30
25
20
15
10
ISOLATION RESISTANCE (Ω)
5
0
0500
200100300400
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)
B4
(MSB)
000000
000011
000102
000113
001004
001015
001106
001117
010008
010019
0101010
0101111
0110012
0110113
0111014
0111115
1000016
1000117
1001018
1001119
1010020
1010121
1011022
1011123
1100024
1100125
1101026
1101127
1110028
1110129
1111030
1111131
INPUT ADDRESS BIT
B3B2B1
B0
(LSB)
SELECTED
INPUT
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
The MAX4357 operates from a single +5V or dual ±3V
to ±5V supplies. For single-supply operation, connect
all VEEpins to ground and bypass all power-supply
pins with a 0.1µF capacitor to ground. For dual-supply
systems, bypass all supply pins to ground with 0.1µF
capacitors.
Power in Large Systems
The MAX4357 has been designed to operate with split
supplies down to ±3V or a single supply of +5V.
Operating at the minimum supply voltages reduces the
power dissipation by as much 40% to 50%. At +5V, the
MAX4357 consumes 220mW (0.43mW/point).
Driving a PC-Board Interconnect or Cable
(A
V
= +1V/V or +2V/V)
The MAX4357 output buffers can be programmed to
either AV= +1V/V or +2V/V. The +1V/V configuration is
typically used when driving short-length (less than
3cm), high-impedance "local" PC-board traces. To
drive a cable or a 75Ω transmission line trace, program
the gain of the output buffer to +2V/V and place a 75Ω
resistor in series with the output. The series termination
resistor and the 75Ω load impedance act as a voltage
divider that divides the video signal in half. Set the gain
to +2V/V to transmit a standard 1V video signal down a
cable. The series 75Ω resistor is called the back-match,
reverse termination, or series termination. This 75Ω
resistor reduces reflections and provides isolation,
increasing the output-capacitive-driving capability.
Matrix Programming
The MAX4357’s unique digital interface simplifies programming multiple MAX4357 devices in an array.
Multiple devices are connected with DOUT of the first
device connecting to DIN of the second device, and so
on (Figure 9). Two distinct programming modes,
Individual Output Address Mode (MODE = 0) and
Complete Matrix Mode (MODE = 1) are selected by
toggling a single MODE control pin high or low. Both
modes operate with the same physical board layout.
This allows initial programming of the IC by daisychaining and sending one long data word while still
being able to immediately address and update individual locations in the matrix.
Individual Output Address Mode
(Mode = 0)
In Individual Output Address Mode, the devices are
connected in a serial-bus configuration, with the data
routing gate (Figure 3) connecting DIN to DOUT, making each device a virtual node on the serial bus. A single 16-bit control word is sent to all devices
simultaneously. Only the device with the corresponding
chip address responds to the programming word and
updates its output. In this mode, the chip address is set
via hardware pin strapping of A3–A0. The host communicates with the device by sending a 16-bit word consisting of 1 don’t care bit, 4-chip address bits, 11 bits of
data to make the word exactly two bytes in length. The
11 data bits are broken down into 4 bits to select the
output to be programmed; 1 bit to set the output
enable; 1 bit to set gain; and 5 bits to select the input to
be connected to that output. In this method, the matrix
is programmed one output at a time.
Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1)
In Complete Matrix Mode, the devices are connected in
a daisy-chain fashion where n 112 bits are sent to
program the entire matrix, where n = the number of
MAX4357 devices connected in series. The data word
is structured such that the first bit is the LSB of the last
device in the chain and the last data bit is the MSB of
the first device in the chain. The total length of the data
word is equal to the number of crosspoint devices to be
Table 7. 7-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode
Programming)
BITNAMEFUNCTION
6 (MSB)Output EnableEnable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable.
5Gain SetGain select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V.
4Input Address 4MSB of input channel select address
3Input Address 3MSB of input channel select address
2Input Address 2MSB of input channel select address
1Input Address 1MSB of input channel select address
0 (LSB)Input Address 0LSB of input channel select address
programmed in series times 112 bits per crosspoint
device. This programming method is most often used
at start-up to initially configure the switching matrix.
Operating at +5V Single-Supply with
A
V
= +1V/V or +2V/V
The MAX4357 guarantees operation with a single +5V
supply and a gain of +1V/V for standard video-input
signals (1V
P-P
). To implement a complete video matrix
switching system capable of gain = +2V/V while operating with a +5V single supply, combine the MAX4357
crosspoint switch with Maxim’s low-cost, high-performance video amplifiers optimized for single +5V supply
operation (Figure 10). The MAX4450 single and
MAX4451 dual op amps are unity-gain-stable devices
that combine high-speed performance with rail-to-rail
outputs. The common-mode input voltage range
extends beyond the negative power-supply rail (ground
in single-supply applications). The MAX4450 is available in the ultra-small 5-pin SC70 package, while the
MAX4451 is available in a space-saving 8-pin SOT23
package. The MAX4383 is a quad op amp available in
a 14-pin TSSOP package. The MAX4380/MAX4381/
MAX4382 and MAX4384 offer individual high-impedance output disable making these amplifiers suitable
for wired-OR connections.
Figure 9. Matrix Mode Programming
CHIP ADDRESS = 0CHIP ADDRESS = 1
DIN
HOST
CONTROLLER
MAX4357
SCLK
CE
MODE
UPDATE
DOUT
A3
A2
A1
A0
VIRTUAL SERIAL BUS (MODE 0: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE)
DIN
SCLK
CE
MODE
UPDATE
CHIP ADDRESS = 2
MAX4357
DOUT
A3
A2
V
A1
A0
DD
DOUTNEXT DEVICE
DIN
MAX4357
SCLK
CE
MODE
UPDATE
A3
V
DD
A2
A1
A0
MAX4357
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go
to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in
the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch
with I/O Buffers
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
42
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