All trademarks used in this publication are duly marked and the sole property of their
respective owners. No attempt at trademark or copyright infringement is intended or
implied.
Marathon Sensors makes no warranties express or implied beyond the written warranty
presented at initial purchase. Marathon Sensors Inc. is not responsible for any product,
process, damage or injury incurred while using this equipment. Marathon Sensors makes
no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically
disclaims any warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular application or
purpose.
Page 3
Table of Contents
GENERAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................ 2
Process Type.............................................................................................................................................5
Carbon Process Factor.............................................................................................................................5
Dew Point Process Factor........................................................................................................................ 5
Function Field......................................................................................................................................... 10
Data Field...............................................................................................................................................10
Error Check Field (CRC)........................................................................................................................10
Please specify the following parameters when ordering a transmitter; process type, process
range (%, ppm), thermocouple type, temperature scale F/C, analog output 1 process and
scale, analog output 2 process and scale.
Typical Oxygen Transmitter Calibration
(F840030)
Calibration
Function
Measured Value or
Input
Output / Units
Cold JunctionRoom Temp°F
Thermocouple
min
Thermocouple
max
800°F (B type)
standard t/c type
3000°F (B type)
standard t/c type
°F
°F
Millivolt0.0 mVMillivolts
Millivolt2000 mVMillivolts
Analog 1 Zero0% O24.0 mA +/- 0.1
Analog 1 Span20.9% O220.0 mA +/- 0.1
Analog 2 Zero800°F +/- 5°4.0 mA +/- 0.1
Analog 2 Span3000°F +/- 5°20.0 mA +/- 0.1
Typical Carbon Transmitter Calibration
(F840031)
Calibration
Function
Measured Value or
Input
Output / Units
Cold JunctionRoom Temp°F
Thermocouple
Min
Thermocouple
Max
Analog 1 Zero0% Carbon4.0 mA +/- 0.1
Analog 1 Span2.55% Carbon20.0 mA +/- 0.1
Analog 2 ZeroMUST BE
4.0 mA +/- 0.1
SPECIFIED
Analog 2 SpanMUST BE
20.0 mA +/- 0.1
SPECIFIED
Page 1 of 23
11/14/2006Rev. 14
Page 5
General Description
The Oxymit™ Transmitter has been designed to work as an analog or digital interface for
any zirconia based oxygen probe used to track dew point, carbon potential, or oxygen. The
transmitter connects to the temperature and millivolts outputs of an oxygen probe and can
produce analog outputs proportional to the selected process value.
The features available are:
Isolated inputs for thermocouple and probe millivolt
24 bit Sigma-Delta ADC for inputs.
SerialEEPROM to store setup and calibration values.
Two isolated self-powered 4-20mA outputs for process value and temperature.
The transmitter makes a carbon or oxygen probe an intelligent stand alone sensor. The
transmitter is located near the probe, preferably mounted in an enclosure. The transmitter
mounts onto a DIN rail and requires a 24VDC power supply. It measures the probe
temperature and millivolts. At the time of order the transmitter can be configured to
calculate percent carbon, dewpoint, or percent oxygen from these inputs. The results of
any of these calculations are made available via two4-20mA loop outputs. Typically one
first loop is set up for the process value the second loop transmits probe temperature.
T/C INPUT
mV INPUT
+24V
24V
COM
12
11
6
5
8
7
5V_A
44M
EVENT INPUT
Power
Supplies
22M
A/D
CONV.
5V_A
5V_B
+15V
-15V
+15V
-15V
EEPROM
Process
Controller
3
4
Figure 1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
5V_A
5V_A
DISPLAY
CONN.
5V_A
10
5V_B
A
RS485
B
ISOLATED
RTX+
9
RTX-
ISOLATED
-15V
+15V
1
ANALOG
OUT 1
4-20mA
2
D/A
C
CC
ISOLATED
-15V
+15V
14
ANALOG
OUT 2
4-20mA
13
D/A
D
DD
Page 2 of 23
11/14/2006Rev. 14
Page 6
Safety Summary
All cautions and instructions that appear in this manual must be complied with to prevent
personnel injury or damage to the Probe Transmitter or connected equipment. The
specified limits of this equipment must not be exceeded. If these limits are exceeded or if
this instrument is used in a manner not intended by Marathon Sensors Inc., damage to this
instrument or connected devices could occur.
Do not connect this device directly to AC motors, valves, or other actuators. All AC alarm
functions must be connected through an interposing DC coil relay with a maximum coil
load of 0.5 amps DC. The Probe Transmitter is not rated to act as a safety device. It
should not be used to provide interlocking safety functions for any temperature or process
functions. Alarm capabilities are provided for probe test and input faults only and are not
to be considered or used as safety contacts in any application.
Connections
The Probe Transmitter has four removable terminal blocks grouped with four terminals
each. Each terminal is a wire clamp type with a standard slot screw. Each clamp can
accommodate AWG 24 to 12 flexible stranded wire. Maximum torque on the terminal
screws should not exceed 0.8 Nm.
The figure below shows the arrangement of the terminals.
1234
-+EVT EVT
AO1COM NO
LOWER
5678
-+-+
TCMV
UPPER
UPPER
910 11 12
-+-+
RS48524VDC
LOWER
13 14 15 16
-+N/C N/C
AO2
Figure 2 Terminal Layout
Page 3 of 23
11/14/2006Rev. 14
Page 7
The next figure shows a schematic representation of the Probe Transmitter and typical
connections required in the field.
Figure 3 Schematic Connections
Grounding and Shielding
To minimize the pick-up of electrical noise, the low voltage DC connections and the sensor
input wiring should be routed away from high-current power cables. Where it is
impractical to do this, use shielded cables with the shield grounded at the Probe Transmitter
enclosure ground as show above.
Parameter Selections
The following tables list the parameters available in the Probe Transmitter. Default values
are also listed. The default values are loaded if a reset is force in the device. Changes to
these parameters must be specified at the time of order.
Process Parameters
The following table shows the process selections and other parameters that effect the
process value.
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Page 8
Table 1 Process Parameters
Parameter NameSelection
Units or OptionsRange
Default
PROCESS TYPE%O2CARBON, DPT,
%O2, MV
CARB PROC FACT1500 to 1000
DEWPT PROC FACT1500 to 1000
OXYGEN EXPON0002POWER OF TEN0 to 31
TC TYPEBB, C, E, J, K, N,
NNM, R, S, T
Process Type
Selecting the process type determines what type of calculation the Smart Transmitter is
going to do based on the probe millivolt and probe temperature inputs. The default process
value for the Smart Transmitter is %O2 with an exponent selection of 2. This is the
selection most often used in Boiler control and Combustion applications.
Percent Carbon and dew point are typically processes that are used in steel treating
applications. Percent Carbon is the process value most often used for the control of case
depth or the percent of carbon in asteel hardening furnace. Dew Point is used in the control
for endothermic generators.
Carbon Process Factor
The carbon process factor can be used to adjust the % carbon value. This number takes
into account a number of assumptions that the carbon value is based on. Primary among
these is the assumed level of CO in the atmosphere. See the Theory of Process Calculation
section for a complete explanation of this value.
It maybe necessary to change the apparent furnace carbon as measured by the oxygen
probe if this value is different than actual load samples, shim stocks, or gas analysis. The
basic rule of thumb is that an increase is the carbon process factor will decrease the
apparent carbon level in the furnace. The default value is 150. Typical values can very
from 50 to 400. Increase or decrease the process factor until the desired carbon level is
achieved. A process factor that is drastically different than normal may be an indication of
a failing probe, water or air leak in the furnace, or excess methane present. Refer to probe
troubleshooting guides to determine what other factors maybe effecting the carbon value.
Dew Point Process Factor
The dew point process factor is similar to the carbon process factor but is used to adjust the
dew point value if dew point is selected as the process value. This number takes into
account a number of assumptions that the dew point value is based on. Primary among
these is the assumed level of hydrogen in the atmosphere. See the Theory of Process
Calculation section for a complete explanation of this value.
Page 5 of 23
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Page 9
Oxygen Exponent
The range of oxygen is factory configured using the oxygen exponent number. Percent
oxygen is the standard setting where the oxygen exponent is set to 2 and the output range is
0.00% to 20.9%. For a part per million (ppm) range the exponent would be set to 6 and the
output range of 0.00 X 10-6to 99.99 X 10-6.
TC Type
The following table shows the available thermocouple types and the ranges. BOLD
indicates the typical oxygen default.
Thermocouple
Zero ºFZero °CSpan ºFSpan °C
type
B80042530001650
C32030001650
E3201300700
J3201300700
K32023001260
N32023001260
NNM32020001090
R30015030001650
S30015030001650
T320700370
The Cold Junction correction is applied to all thermocouple types.
Analog Output Channels
The analog outputs are factory configured to provide 4 to 20mA signals proportional to
selectable process values.
NOTE
The Analog Output Channels are isolated self-powered
current sources and do not require an external supply.
If a chart recorder is to be used, it should have input specifications within 4 to 20mA. If
the recorder only responds toVDC inputs it will be necessary to add a 250 ohm dropping
resistor across its input terminals.
The ideal location of the recorder is adjacent to the instrument but it may be located
remotely if the connecting wires are properly shielded. For best results, the chart recorder
input(s) should be isolated from ground.
The Smart Transmitter is factory calibrated. The calibration can be verified once a year or
according to customer calibration schedules. The instrument should be returned to the
factory if calibration is required.
Page 7 of 23
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Page 11
Process Variable Calculations
The transmitter has a selectable process calculation for percent carbon, percent oxygen, or
dewpoint. The following equations are used to derive these values;
Percent Oxygen
20.95
%O2 = -----------------------
(E/0.0215*Tk)
e
Where: E = probe millivolts, Tk = probe temperature in degrees Kelvin.
Where: E = probe millivolts, Tr = probe temperature in Rankin, PF is the process factor,
and DP is the dewpoint in Fahrenheit.
Page 8 of 23
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Page 12
Communications
The Transmitter is capable of digital communications using the Modbus protocol. This is
possible by connecting to the half duplex RS-485 terminals using a shielded twisted pair.
Modbus
The MODBUS protocol describes an industrial communications and distributed control
system (DCS) that integrates PLCs computers, terminals, and other monitoring, sensing,
and control devices. MODBUS is a Master/Slave communications protocol, whereby one
device, (the Master), controls all serial activity by selectively polling one or more slave
devices. The protocol provides for one master device and up to 247 slave devices on a RS485 half duplex twisted pair line. Each device is assigned an address to distinguish it from
all other connected devices. All instruments are connected in a daisy-chain configuration.
The instrument communicates with baud rate settings 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19.2K.
The default baud rate is 19.2Kbuad. The default address is 1. Changes to these values can
be made by writing to the appropriate memory register.
The Transmitter communicates in Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) protocol using 8bit binary data characters. Message characters are transmitted in a continuous stream. The
message stream is setup based on the following structure:
Number of bits per character:
Start bits1
Data bits (least significant first)8
ParityNone only (no bits for no parity)
Stop bits1
Error CheckingCRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check)
The Transmitter recognizes threeRTU commands. These are: read single I registers
(command 4), read a single H register (command 3), and preset a single H register
(command 6)
In Modbus mode, the Transmitter can be only be configured for the ‘none’ parity option.
The instrument never initiates communications and is always in receive mode unless
responding to a query.
RTU Framing
Frame synchronization can be maintained inRTU transmission mode only by simulating a
synchronous message. The instrument monitors the elapsed time between receipt of
characters. If three and one-half character times elapse without a new character or
completion of the frame, then the instrument flushes the frame and assumes that the next
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Page 13
byte received will be an address. The follow command message structure is used, where T
is the required character delay. Response from the instrument is based on the command.
T1,T2,T3ADDRESSFUNCTIONDATACHECKSUMT1,T2,T3
8-BITS8-BITSN X 8-BITS 16-BITS
Address Field
The address field immediately follows the beginning of the frame and consists of 8-bits.
These bits indicate the user assigned address of the slave device that is to receive the
message sent by the attached master.
Each slave must be assigned a unique address and only the addressed slave will respond to
a query that contains its address. When the slave sends a response, the slave address
informs the master which slave is communicating.
Function Field
The Function Code field tells the addressed slave what function to perform. MODBUS
function codes are specifically designed for interacting with aPLC on the MODBUS
industrial communications system. Command codes were established to manipulate PLC
registers and coils. As far as the Transmitter is concerned, they are all just memory
locations, but the response to each command is consistent with Modbus specifications.
The high order bit in this field is set by the slave device to indicate an exception condition
in the response message. If no exceptions exist, the high-order bit is maintained as zero in
the response message.
Data Field
The data field contains information needed by the slave to perform the specific function or
it contains data collected by the slave in response to a query. This information may be
values, address references, or limits. For example, the function code tells the slave to read
a holding register, and the data field is needed to indicate which register to start at and how
many to read.
Error Check Field (CRC)
This field allows the master and slave devices to check a message for errors in
transmission. Sometimes, because of electrical noise or other interference, a message may
be changed slightly while it is on its way from one device to another. The error checking
assures that the slave or master does not react to messages that have changed during
transmission. This increases the safety and the efficiency of the MODBUS system.
The error check field uses a CRC-16 check in the RTU mode.
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Page 14
The following is an example of a function 03 call fordata at memory location 03. The
value returned by the instrument is the hex value 1E.
Transmit from Host or Master
AddressCmdRegHIReg
LO
CountHICountLOCRCHICRC
LO
010300030001740A
Response from Transmitter
AddressCmdByte
Count
HI
Byte
Count
LO
DataHIData
LO
CRCHICRC
Lo
01030002001E384C
Note that all the values are interpreted as hexadecimal values. The CRC calculation is
based on the A001 polynomial for RTU Modbus. The function 04 command structure is
similar to the 03 structure.
The following is an example of a function 06 call to change data in register 01 to 200. The
response from the instrument confirms the new value as being set.
Transmit from Host or Master
AddressCmdRegHIRegLODataHIData
LO
CRCHICRC
LO
0106000100C8D99C
Response from Transmitter
AddressCmdRegHIRegLODataHIDataLOCRCHICRC
LO
0106000100C8D99C
The Transmitter will respond to several error conditions. The three exception codes that
will generate a response from the instrument are:
01 – Illegal Function
02 - Illegal Data Address
03 – Illegal Data Value
04 – Slave Device Failure
The response from the Transmitter with an exception code will have the most significant
bit of the requested function set followed by the exception code and the high and lowCRC
bytes.
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Page 15
Memory Map
NOTE: Modbus refers to the hexadecimal register location. These parameters are
formatted as unsigned 16 bit integers. Any real number such as temperature can be
evaluated as a signed number, other parameters are bit mapped words that must be
evaluated as single bits are bit groups.
BLOCK 0
HEXDECPARAMETERDESCRIPTIONREAD/WRITE
000Not usedREAD ONLY
011TIME CONTROL
SIOSET
LOW BYTE - TIMER CONTROL
BIT 0 – Timer Disabled (0), Timer Enabled (1)
BIT 1 – 7 SPARE
HIGH BYTE – SIO SETUP
BITS 8 – 9 PARITY SETTING
00 = Even Parity, 7 bits, 1 Stop bit
01 = No Parity, 8 bits, 1 Stop bit
10 = Odd Parity, 7 bits, 1 Stop bit
BITS 10 – 11 RESPONSE DELAY
0 = No delay applied to response
1 = 10ms delay applied to response
2 = 20ms delay applied to response
3 = 30ms delay applied to response
READ/WRITE
BITS 12 – 14 BAUD SELECT
000 = 76.8K
001 = 38.4K
010 = 19.2K (DEFAULT)
011 = 9600
100 = 4800
101 = 2400
110 = 1200
111 = 600
BIT 15 HOST FORMAT
0 = MSI (PROP)
1 = MODBUS (DEFAULT)
022TC_ZERO
TC_SPAN
033MV_ZERO
MV_SPAN
044PFPROCESS FACTOR FOR CARBON OR
LOW BYTE - TC ZERO CALIBRATION
NUMBER
HIGH BYTE – TC SPAN CALIBRATION
NUMBER
LOW BYTE – MV ZERO CALIBRATION
Note: This instrument is designed for installation inside a grounded metal enclosure.
Always observe anti-static precautions when installing or servicing any electronic device.
Ground your body to discharge any static field before touching the body or terminals of any
electronic device.
This specification can change without notification.
Page 20 of 23
11/14/2006Rev. 14
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