Linx Technologies LICAL-DEC-MS001 User Manual

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Page 1

MS Series

Remote Control Decoder

Data Guide

Page 2

Warning: Some customers may want Linx radio frequency (“RF”)

products to control machinery or devices remotely, including machinery or devices that can cause death, bodily injuries, and/or property damage if improperly or inadvertently triggered, particularly in industrial settings or other applications implicating life-safety concerns (“Life and Property Safety Situations”).

Table of Contents

1 Description 1 Features 1 Applications

NO OEM LINX REMOTE CONTROL OR FUNCTION MODULE SHOULD EVER BE USED IN LIFE AND PROPERTY SAFETY SITUATIONS. No OEM Linx Remote Control or Function Module

should be modiﬁed for Life and Property Safety Situations. Such modiﬁcation cannot provide sufﬁcient safety and will void the product’s regulatory certiﬁcation and warranty.

Customers may use our (non-Function) Modules, Antenna and Connectors as part of other systems in Life Safety Situations, but only with necessary and industry appropriate redundancies and in compliance with applicable safety standards, including without limitation, ANSI and NFPA standards. It is solely the responsibility of any Linx customer who uses one or more of these products to incorporate appropriate redundancies and safety standards for the Life and Property Safety Situation application.

Do not use this or any Linx product to trigger an action directly from the data line or RSSI lines without a protocol or encoder/ decoder to validate the data. Without validation, any signal from

another unrelated transmitter in the environment received by the module could inadvertently trigger the action.

All RF products are susceptible to RF interference that can prevent communication. RF products without frequency agility or hopping

implemented are more subject to interference. This module does not have a frequency hopping protocol built in.

2 Ordering Information 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings 2 Timings 3 Electrical Specications 4 Pin Assignments 6 Design Considerations 7 A Practical Example 8 Baud Rate Selection 9 Decoder Operation 9 Receive Mode 9 Learn Mode 10 Latch Mode 10 Receiver Control Mode 11 TX ID 11 System Example 12 Typical Applications 15 Recommended Pad Layout 15 Production Considerations

Do not use any Linx product over the limits in this data guide. Excessive voltage or extended operation at the maximum voltage could cause product failure. Exceeding the reﬂow temperature proﬁle could cause product failure which is not immediately evident.

Do not make any physical or electrical modiﬁcations to any Linx product. This will void the warranty and regulatory and UL certiﬁcations

and may cause product failure which is not immediately evident.

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MS Series Remote Control Decoder

0.309

Data Guide

Description

MS Series encoders and decoders are designed for remote control applications. They allow the status of up to eight buttons or contacts to be

0.026 (0.65)

securely transferred via a wireless link. The large twenty-four bit address size makes transmissions highly unique, minimizing the possibility of

0.013 (0.32)

multiple devices having conﬂicting addresses. The MS Series decoder allows the recognition of individual output lines to be easily deﬁned for each transmitter by the manufacturer or the end user. This enables the creation of unique

0.007 (0.18)

user groups and relationships. The decoder also identiﬁes and outputs the originating encoder

Figure 1: Package Dimensions

ID for logging or identiﬁcation. Housed in a tiny 20-pin SSOP package, MS Series encoders feature low supply voltage and current consumption. Selectable baud rates and latched or momentary outputs make the MS Series truly versatile.

(7.85)

0.207 (5.25)

LICAL-DEC-MS001

YYWWNNN

0.030 (0.75)

0.284 (7.20)

0.002 (0.05)

0.079 (2.00)

Features

• Secure 224 possible addresses

• 8 data lines

• Direct serial interface

• Latched or momentary outputs

• Deﬁnable recognition authority

• Encoder ID output by decoder

• Low 2.0 to 5.5V operating

voltage

Applications

• Keyless entry

• Door and gate openers

• Security systems

• Remote device control

• Low supply current (370µA @ 3V)

• Ultra-low 0.1µA standby current

• True serial encoding

• Excellent noise immunity

• Selectable baud rates

• No programming required

• Small SMD package

• Car alarms / starters

• Home / industrial automation

• Remote status monitoring

• Lighting control

– –

Revised 3/18/2015

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Electrical SpecicationsOrdering Information

Ordering Information

Part Number Description

LICAL-ENC-MS001 MS Encoder

LICAL-DEC-MS001 MS Decoder

MDEV-LICAL-MS MS Master Development System

MS decoders are shipped in reels of 1,600

Figure 2: Ordering Information

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Supply Voltage V

Any Input or Output Pin −0.3 to V

Max. Current Sourced by Output Pins 25 mA

Max. Current Sunk by Input Pins 25 mA

Max. Current Into V

Max. Current Out Of GND 300 mA

Operating Temperature −40 to +85 ºC

Storage Temperature −65 to +150 ºC

Exceeding any of the limits of this section may lead to permanent damage to the device. Furthermore, extended operation at these maximum ratings may reduce the life of this device.

Figure 3: Absolute Maximum Ratings

−0.3 to +6.5 VDC

+ 0.3 VDC

250 mA

MS Series Deccoder Speciﬁcations

Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes

Power Supply

Operating Voltage V

Supply Current l

At 2.0V V

At 3.0V V

At 5.0V V

Power Down Current l

At 2.0V V

At 3.0V V

At 5.0V V

PDN

2.0 5.5 VDC

240 300 µA 1

370 470 µA 1

670 780 µA 1

0.10 0.80 µA

0.10 0.85 µA

0.20 0.95 µA

Decoder Section

Input Low V

Input High V

Output Low V

Output High V

0.0 0.15 x V

0.8 x V

0.6 V

VCC – 0.7 V

V 2

V 3

Input Sink Current 25 mA

Output Drive Current 25 mA

Environmental

Operating Temperature Range

–40 +85 °C

1. Current consumption with no active loads.

2. For 3V supply, (0.15 x 3.0) = 0.45V max.

3. For 3V supply, (0.8 x 3.0) = 2.4V min.

Timings

Encoder SEND to Decoder Activation Times (ms)

Baud Rate Initial Start-Up After Valid Rx

2,400 72.62 38.62 600 + 72.62

9,600 22.42 12.42 300 + 22.42

19,200 13.80 7.30 150 + 13.80

28,800 11.00 6.00 150 + 11.00

Figure 4: Encoder SEND to Decoder Activation Times (ms)

– – – –

2 3

Figure 5: Electrical Speciﬁcations

With RX_PDN

(Worst Case)

Warning: This product incorporates numerous static-sensitive

components. Always wear an ESD wrist strap and observe proper ESD handling procedures when working with this device. Failure to observe this precaution may result in module damage or failure.

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Pin Assignments

LICAL-DEC-MS001

SEL_BAUD SEL_BAUD

N N

LAT RX_CNT TX_I

MODE_IN

Figure 6: MS Series Deccoder Pin Assignments

Pin Descriptions

Pin Number Name I/O Description

1, 2, 13, 14, 17–20 DO–D7 O

3 SEL_BAUD0 I

4 SEL_BAUD1 I

5, 6 GND Ground

7 LATCH I

8 RX_CNTL I/O

1 1

DATA_I

Data Output Lines. These lines reproduce the state of the encoder's data lines upon reception of a valid packet.

Baud Rate Selection Line 0. This line along with SEL_BAUD1 sets the baud rate of the serial data stream to one of 4 possible rates. The rate must be set before power on.

Baud Rate Selection Line 1. This line along with SEL_BAUD0 sets the baud rate of the serial data stream to one of 4 possible rates. The rate must be set before power on.

Set Latched Outputs. If this line is low, then the data outputs are momentary (active for as long as a valid signal is received). If this line is high, the outputs are latched (when a signal is received to make a particular data line high, it remains high until another transmission is received instructing it to go low).

External Receiver Control Line. This line can be used to automatically power on and off a receiver. It powers the receiver down for ten times as long as it is powered on. The times are determined by the selected baud rate.

Transmitter ID Output Line. A unique ID number for each

9 TX_ID O

10 MODE_IND O

11 LEARN I

12 DATA_IN I

15, 16 V

None of the input lines have internal pull-up or pull-down resistors. The input lines must always be in a known state (either GND or VCC) at all times or the operation may not be predictable. The designer must ensure that the input lines are never ﬂoating, either by using external resistors, by tying the lines directly to GND or VCC, or by use of other circuits to control the line state.

Figure 7: Pin Descriptions

transmitter is stored in the decoder’s memory. A byte is output as serial data on this line to indicate which transmitter a transmission came from.

Mode Indicator Output. This line switches when a valid transmission is received, when Learn Mode is entered, and when the memory is cleared. This allows for the connection of a LED to indicate to the user that these events have taken place.

Learn Mode Activation Line. When this line goes high, the decoder enters Learn Mode to accept an Address from an encoder and store it in memory. If it is held high for ten seconds, the decoder clears all stored Addresses from memory.

Data Input Line. This line accepts the encoded serial data stream from a receiver.

Supply Voltage

– – – –

4 5

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Design Considerations

The Linx MS Series encoders and decoders are designed for remote control applications. They provide an easy way to securely register button presses or switch closures over a wireless link. The encoder side turns the status of eight parallel input lines into a secure, encoded, serial bit-stream output intended for transmission via an RF or infrared link. Once received, the decoder decodes, error checks, and analyzes the transmission. If the transmission is authenticated, the output lines are set to replicate the status of the lines on the encoder.

Prior to the arrival of the Linx MS Series, encoders and decoders typically fell into one of two categories. First were older generation, low-security devices that transmitted a ﬁxed address code, usually set manually with a DIP switch. These address lines frequently caused the user confusion when trying to match a transmitter to a receiver. Another disadvantage was the possibility that address information could be captured and later used to compromise the system.

These concerns resulted in the development of a second type of encoder / decoder that focused on security and utilized encryption to guard against code cracking or code grabbing. Typically, the encoding of each transmission changes based on complex mathematical algorithms to prevent someone from replicating a transmission. These devices gained rapid popularity due to their high security and the elimination of manual switches; however, they imposed some limitations of their own. Such devices typically offer a limited number of inputs, the transmitter and receiver can become desynchronized, and creating relationships and associations between groups of transmitters and receivers is difﬁcult.

The Linx product line, which includes the MS and HS Series, is the ﬁrst product line to offer the best of all worlds. Both series accept up to eight inputs, allowing a large number of buttons or contacts to be connected. The devices also allow relationships among multiple encoders and decoders to be easily created. Security is well provided for. The MS Series uses a random ﬁxed word with 224 possible combinations to give a high level of uniqueness and a reasonable level of security. For applications requiring the highest security, the HS Series, which employs tri-level, maximum-security encryption, should be considered.

by many competitive devices. This allows products based on MS or HS devices to achieve superior range and immunity from interference, edge jitter, and other adverse external inﬂuences.

One of the most important features unique to the MS and HS products is their ability to establish a unique user identity and proﬁle for the device containing the encoder. In conventional designs, all encoded transmissions are either recognized or denied based on the address. In cases where encoder and decoder addresses match, the state of all data lines is recognized and output. Linx products uniquely allow a user or manufacturer to deﬁne which encoder inputs are acknowledged by each decoder. MS series decoders can store up to 40 system users and unique proﬁles for each. This allows for an incredible variety of unique relationships among multiple system components and opens the door to product features not previously possible.

A Practical Example

Consider this practical example: a three door garage houses Dad’s Corvette, Mom’s Mercedes and Son’s Yugo. With most competitive products, any user’s keyfob could open any garage door as long as the addresses match. In a Linx MS-based system, the keyfobs could easily be conﬁgured to open only certain doors (guess which one Son gets to open!) The MS Series also allows for component grouping. Imagine a remote control designed for use in a woodshop. One button could turn on a vacuum, one an air cleaner, and another a light, yet another button could then be user conﬁgured to turn on all of them with a single touch. The MS Series uniquely combines security and simplicity with the power to create groups and relationships. Figure 8 compares the advantages and disadvantages of different encoders.

Encoder transmission protocol and methodology is a critical but often overlooked factor in range and noise immunity. The MS and HS products utilize a true serial data stream rather than the PWM schemes employed

– – – –

6 7

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Encoder Comparison Table

Manual Address Encoders

Advantages

High number of button inputs

"Rolling Code" Encoders

Advantages

Highly secure Eliminates manual address settings

Linx Encoders

Advantages

High number of button inputs Highly unique (MS) Highest security available on the market (HS) Eliminates manual address settings Allows for associative relationships Cannot unsynchronize Serial data output Encoder ID is output by the decoder Latched or momentary outputs (MS) External transmitter and receiver control lines

Disadvantages

Low-security ﬁxed code Confusing manual addressing Low number of addresses PWM data output High security vulnerabilities

Disadvantages

Low number of button inputs Encoder and decoder can become unsynchronized Difﬁcult or impossible to create relationships Security vulnerabilities

Disadvantages

Slightly higher cost for some basic applications Security vulnerabilities (MS only)

Decoder Operation

When the decoder ﬁrst powers up, it sets the baud rate and checks the state of the RX_CNTL line. If this line is pulled high, then the decoder goes into Receiver Control Mode. If the line is low, it goes to sleep until a rising edge (low to high transition) on the DATA_IN line puts it into Receive Mode or a high signal on the LEARN line puts it into Learn Mode.

Receive Mode

When a rising edge is seen on the DATA_IN line, the decoder enters Receive Mode. The decoder looks for a valid packet, meaning that there are no errors and that the received Address matches one that is saved in memory. If there is a match, then the decoder reproduces the states of the encoder’s data lines on its own data lines. It also outputs the ID of the encoder once, on reception of the ﬁrst valid packet. It then looks for the next valid data packet. If, at any time, an error or an unknown Address is detected, the decoder ignores the packet and looks for the next one.

If the timer runs out, then the decoder goes back to sleep. This time is dependent upon the baud rate selected by the user. It is 131ms for 2,400bps and 9,600bps, and 65ms for 19,200bps and 28,800bps.

Figure 8: Encoder Comparison Table

Baud Rate Selection

SEL_BAUD0 and SEL_BAUD1 are used to select the baud rate of the serial data stream. The state of the lines allows the selection of one of four possible baud rates, as shown in Figure 9.

Baud Rate Selection Table

SEL_BAUD1 SEL_BAUD0 Baud Rate (bps)

0 0 2,400

0 1 9,600

1 0 19,200

1 1 28,800

Figure 9: Baud Rate Selection Table

The baud rate must be set before power up. The encoder will not recognize a change in the baud rate setting after it is on.

– – – –

8 9

Learn Mode

In order for the decoder to accept transmissions from an encoder, it must ﬁrst learn the encoder’s Address. This is done by taking the LEARN line high to place the decoder into Learn Mode. The MODE_IND line starts switching, allowing for connection of an LED to provide visual indication that the decoder is ready to accept a new Address. This continues until the LEARN line goes high again, or until a time-out after 17 seconds.

The decoder looks for a valid transmission from an MS Series encoder. It can store up to 40 Addresses in its memory. When the 40th encoder is learned, the decoder ﬂashes the MODE_IND line ﬁve times as an indication that the memory is full. The next address learned overwrites the ﬁrst address in memory. The memory retains all of the learned Addresses if power is removed.

If the LEARN line is held high for ten seconds, then the decoder erases all of the stored Addresses from memory. The MODE_IND line is high for as long as the LEARN line is high, but after the ten seconds it goes low. Once the LEARN line is pulled low again, the MODE_IND line goes high for two seconds to indicate that the memory has been cleared.

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Latch Mode

The MS Series decoder has two output options based on the state of the LATCH line. If it is low, then the data lines are momentary, meaning that they are only high for as long as a valid signal is received. Once the signal stops and the decoder times out, the lines are pulled low.

If the LATCH line is high, the decoder pulls a data line high upon reception of a valid signal and holds it high until the signal is received a second time, at which point the decoder pulls it low. The decoder must see a break and time out between valid transmissions before it toggles the outputs. The minimum required time-out periods are listed in the Receive Mode section.

TX ID

The TX_ID line outputs an eight-bit binary number to identify which learned encoder sent the transmission. The number is output at the baud rate set by the SEL_BAUD lines and normally corresponds to the order in which the decoder learned the encoder, so the ﬁrst encoder learned gets number ‘1’, the second gets number ‘2’, and so on. An exception arises when the memory is full, in which case the ﬁrst numbers are overwritten as described in the Learn Mode section. Application Note AN-00156 shows some example software to read the TX_ID and associate it with a particular encoder. The C and Visual Basic code is well documented so that it can be modiﬁed for a speciﬁc application.

Receiver Control Mode

If the RX_CNTL line is pulled high when the decoder initially powers on, then the decoder enters Receiver Control Mode. Once in this mode, the RX_CNTL line becomes an output that can be attached to the PDN or VCC line of a Linx receiver or a similar input on another receiver. This allows the decoder to power down the receiver when it is not required, thereby reducing current consumption and prolonging battery life. The decoder draws full current in this mode, but an active receiver typically draws much more than the decoder, so a savings is realized.

The decoder activates the receiver for approximately one packet’s time plus 10ms for the receiver to power up, so the actual “on” time depends on the baud rate chosen by the user. This time can be calculated in milliseconds as (60/Baud Rate)(1000) + 10. The “off” time is nine times the “on” time, resulting in a 10% duty cycle, greatly reducing the receiver’s current consumption. However, there may be a lag time from when the encoder activates to when the decoder responds. The decoder enters Receive Mode when it sees a valid packet, so there would only be a lag for the ﬁrst packet. This can be reduced by selecting a higher baud rate.

If this feature is not going to be used, then this pin should be tied to ground. If it is tied to VCC, then the decoder will create a short when it pulls the line to ground while trying to power down the receiver. This mode is appropriate for receivers that have a high internal pull-up resistance, such as those offered by Linx. If the intended receiver does not have a pull-up, then a 100kΩ or larger resistor to VCC can be added to the RX_CNTL line to activate this mode.

System Example

The ﬁrst step in using the decoder is to set the baud rate and determine if the outputs should be latched or momentary. Next, the decoder needs to learn the encoder’s Address. This is done by momentarily pressing the button connected to the LEARN line. The LED connected to the MODE_ IND line begins to ﬂash to indicate that the decoder is ready to learn a new Address. One of the buttons on the transmitter is pressed to send a signal to the decoder. Once this is done, the LEARN button is pressed again to exit Learn Mode.

Now, when a button is pressed on the encoder, the corresponding line on the decoder activates. If the LATCH line is high, the data line remains high until the encoder button is pressed again, telling the decoder to pull the line low.

To clear the decoder's memory, the LEARN button is pressed and held for ten seconds until the MODE_IND line goes low. Once the button is released, the LED lights for two seconds to indicate that the memory has been cleared.

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Typical Applications

00k

eceiver

The MS decoder is ideal for replicating button presses for remote control applications. An example application circuit is shown in Figure 10.

LICAL-DEC-MS001

2.2k

10k

SEL_BAUD SEL_BAUD

N N

LAT

To Receiver

To Processor or P

Figure 10: MS Series Decoder Application Circuit

RX_CNT

TX_I

MOD

_IND

DATA_I

SPDT switches are used to select the baud rate and set the latch mode so that pull-down resistors are not needed.

1 1

From R

Data Lines D0 through D7 can be connected directly to the external circuitry that needs to be activated remotely. In this example, D5 is connected directly to a piezoelectric buzzer. This causes the buzzer to sound when the D5 line on the encoder goes high. Line D6 activates a relay through a transistor buffer when it goes high. A buffer like this may be needed if the load requires more than 25mA of current or a higher voltage source to activate. The decoder turns on the transistor, which can be selected to provide the appropriate drive levels to activate the relay.

The RX_CNTL line can be connected to the PDN line of the receiver or it can be connected directly to ground.

TX_ID can be connected to a microprocessor or a PC to record the transmitter identity. Application Note AN-00156 has sample code that reads the transmitter ID and displays the ID number on a LCD screen.

An LED indicator is attached to the MODE_IND line to provide visual feedback to the user that an operation is taking place. This line sources a maximum of 25mA.

The LEARN line is connected to a button that pulls the line high when pressed. Since the line does not have an internal pull-down resistor, a 100kΩ resistor is used to pull the line to ground when the button is not pressed.

The DATA_IN line is connected directly to the data output of the receiver.

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12 13

Page 10

TEMPERATURE (°C)

10 Sec.

Time-Out?

YES

Pull MODE_IND

Line Low

Clear All Memory

Pull MODE_IND

Line High For 2

Sec.

Save New

Address

Is Memory

Full?

YES

Flash MODE_IND

Line 5 Times

Pull MODE_IND

Line Low

Pull RX_CNTL

Line Low

YES

Learn Mode

RX_CNTL

Used?

YES

Pull RX_CNTL

Line High

Pull MODE_IND

Line High

Is The

LEARN Line

High?

Start Toggling

MODE_IND

Is The

LEARN Line

High?

17 Sec.

Time-Out?

Was Any

Valid Data

Received?

YES

Update Address

YES

Is The

LEARN Line

High?

Pull RX_CNTL

Line Low

Wait 9x "Time On"

(90%)

Pull RX_CNTL

Line High

Wait "Time On"

(1 Packet + 10mS

= 10%)

Did The

DATA_IN Line

Transition?

YES

Power Up

Recommended Pad Layout

The MS Series encoders and decoders are implemented in an industry

Set Baud Rate

standard 20-pin Shrink Small Outline Package (20-SSOP). The recommended layout dimensions are shown in Figure 12.

0.047

YES

RX_CNTL

Used?

0.016 (0.41)

Sleep

Is The

LEARN Line

High?

Did The

DATA_IN Line

Transition?

Read Data Packet

YES

Go To Learn

Mode

0.026 (0.65)

Figure 12: PCB Layout Dimensions

(1.19)

0.234 (5.94)

0.328 (8.33)

Production Considerations

The Packet

Valid?

YES

Output Data

First Loop?

YES

Output TX ID

Time Out?

Did The

DATA_IN Line

Transition?

YES

These surface-mount components are designed to comply with standard reﬂow production methods. The recommended reﬂow proﬁle is shown in Figure 13 and should not be exceeded, as permanent damage to the part may result.

Lead-Free

275

250

225

200

175

150

125

100

Figure 13: MS Series Reﬂow Proﬁle

Sn / Pb

260°C Max

240°C Max

020406080 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320

TIME (SECONDS)

340 360 380 420400

Figure 11: MS Series Decoder Flowchart

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14 15

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Linx Technologies

159 Ort Lane

Merlin, OR, US 97532

Phone: +1 541 471 6256

Fax: +1 541 471 6251

www.linxtechnologies.com

Disclaimer

Linx Technologies is continually striving to improve the quality and function of its products. For this reason, we reserve the right to make changes to our products without notice. The information contained in this Data Guide is believed to be accurate as of the time of publication. Speciﬁcations are based on representative lot samples. Values may vary from lot-to-lot and are not guaranteed. “Typical” parameters can and do vary over lots and application. Linx Technologies makes no guarantee, warranty, or representation regarding the suitability of any product for use in any speciﬁc application. It is the customer’s responsibility to verify the suitability of the part for the intended application. NO LINX PRODUCT IS INTENDED FOR USE IN ANY APPLICATION WHERE THE SAFETY

OF LIFE OR PROPERTY IS AT RISK.

Linx Technologies DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINX TECHNOLOGIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF CUSTOMER’S INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING IN ANY WAY FROM ANY DEFECTIVE OR NON-CONFORMING PRODUCTS OR FOR ANY OTHER BREACH OF CONTRACT BY LINX TECHNOLOGIES. The limitations on Linx Technologies’

liability are applicable to any and all claims or theories of recovery asserted by Customer, including, without limitation, breach of contract, breach of warranty, strict liability, or negligence. Customer assumes all liability (including, without limitation, liability for injury to person or property, economic loss, or business interruption) for all claims, including claims from third parties, arising from the use of the Products. The Customer will indemnify, defend, protect, and hold harmless Linx Technologies and its ofﬁcers, employees, subsidiaries, afﬁliates, distributors, and representatives from and against all claims, damages, actions, suits, proceedings, demands, assessments, adjustments, costs, and expenses incurred by Linx Technologies as a result of or arising from any Products sold by Linx Technologies to Customer. Under no conditions will Linx Technologies be responsible for losses arising from the use or failure of the device in any application, other than the repair, replacement, or refund limited to the original product purchase price. Devices described in this publication may contain proprietary, patented, or copyrighted techniques, components, or materials. Under no circumstances shall any user be conveyed any license or right to the use or ownership of such items.

The stylized Linx logo, Wireless Made Simple, WiSE, CipherLinx and the stylized CL logo are trademarks of Linx Technologies.