Linksys WRVS4400N User Manual

Wireless-N Gigabit Security

USER GUIDE

with Ports
4-portuter

Router with VPN

Model No. WRVS4400N

Wireless

Model No.

Model No.

Model No.

Model No.

BUSINESS SERIES

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Copyright and Trademarks

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Linksys is a registered trademark or trademark of Cisco
Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. Copyright © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All
rights reserved. Other brands and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.

WARNING: This product contains chemicals, including lead, known
to the State of California to cause cancer, and birth defects or other
reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

How to Use this Guide

This User Guide has been designed to make understanding networking with the Router easier than ever. Look for
the following items when reading this Guide:

This checkmark means there is a note of interest and
is something you should pay special attention to while
using the Router.

This exclamation point means there is a caution or
warning and is something that could damage your
property or the Router.

This question mark provides you with a reminder about
something you might need to do while using the Router.

In addition to these symbols, there are definitions for technical terms that are presented like this:

word: definition.

Also, each figure (diagram, screenshot, or other image) is provided with a figure number and description, like
this:

Figure numbers and descriptions can also be found in the “List of Figures” section in the “Table of Contents”.

WRVS4400N-UG-50426NC RR

Figure 0-1: Sample Figure Description

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

Welcome 1
What’s in this Guide? 2

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics 4

An Introduction to LANs 4
The Use of IP Addresses 5
The Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) 7

Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN) 9

Why do I need a VPN? 9
What is a VPN? 10

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router 12

The Front Panel 12
The Back Panels 14
Antennas and Positions 15

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router 16

Overview 16
Connection Instructions 17
Placement Options 18

Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router 20

Overview 20
Basic Setup 20
How to Access the Web-based Utility 21
How to Navigate the Utility 21
Setup Tab 25
Wireless Tab 38
Firewall Tab 47
VPN Tab 58
QoS Tab 65
Administration Tab 67
IPS Tab 72
L2 Switch Tab 76
Status Tab 80

Appendix A: Troubleshooting 85

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Common Problems and Solutions 85
Frequently Asked Questions 95

Appendix B: Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software for Windows 2000 or XP 99

Overview 99
Before You Begin 99
Installing the Linksys QuickVPN Software 100
Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software 101

Appendix C: Configuring a Gateway-to-Gateway IPSec Tunnel 103

Overview 103
Before You Begin 103
Configuring the VPN Settings for the VPN Routers 104
Configuring the Key Management Settings 106
Configuring PC 1 and PC 2 107

Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for

Your Ethernet Adapter 108

Windows 98 or Me Instructions 108
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions 108
For the Router’s Web-based Utility 109

Appendix E: Glossary 110
Appendix F: Specifications 116
Appendix G: Warranty Information 119
Appendix H: Regulatory Information 120
Appendix I: Contact Information 126

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

List of Figures

Figure 2-1: Example network 5
Figure 2-2: IPS Scenarios 7
Figure 3-1: VPN Router to VPN Router 11
Figure 3-2: Computer to VPN Router 11
Figure 4-1: Front Panel 12
Figure 4-2: Back Panel 14
Figure 4-3: Stackable Position and its Antenna Setup 15
Figure 4-4: Standalone Position and its Antenna Setup 15
Figure 5-1: Example of a Typical Network 16
Figure 5-2: Connect a PC 17
Figure 5-3: Connect the Internet 17
Figure 5-4: Connect the Power 17
Figure 5-5: The Stand Option 18
Figure 5-6: Stand 18
Figure 5-7: Mounting Dimensions 19
Figure 5-8: Wall Mounting Hardware 19
Figure 6-1: Router’s IP Address 21
Figure 6-2: Login Screen for Web-based Utility 21
Figure 6-1: Setup - IP Versions 25
Figure 6-2: Setup - WAN (DHCP) 26
Figure 6-3: Setup - WAN (Static IP) 26
Figure 6-4: Setup - WAN (PPPoE) 27
Figure 6-5: Setup - WAN (PPTP) 27
Figure 6-6: Setup - WAN (Heart Beat Signal) 28
Figure 6-7: Setup - WAN (L2TP) 29
Figure 6-8: Setup - WAN (Optional Settings) 30
Figure 6-9: Setup - WAN (DynDNS.org) 31
Figure 6-10: Setup - WAN (TZO.com) 31

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Figure 6-11: Setup - LAN 32
Figure 6-12: Setup - DMZ 34
Figure 6-13: Setup - MAC Address Clone 34
Figure 6-14: Setup - Advanced Routing 35
Figure 6-15: Setup - Advanced Routing (Routing Table) 36
Figure 6-16: Setup - Time 37
Figure 6-17: Wireless - Basic Wireless Settings 38
Figure 6-18: Wireless - Wireless Security (Disabled) 40
Figure 6-19: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA-Personal) 40
Figure 6-20: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA2-Personal) 41
Figure 6-21: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA2-Personal Mixed) 41
Figure 6-22: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA-Enterprise) 42
Figure 6-23: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA2-Enterprise) 42
Figure 6-24: Wireless - Wireless Security (WPA2-Enterprise Mixed) 43
Figure 6-25: Wireless - Wireless Security (WEP) 43
Figure 6-26: Wireless - Wireless Connection Control 44
Figure 6-27: Select MAC Address from Wireless Client List 44
Figure 6-28: Wireless - Advanced Wireless Settings 45
Figure 6-29: Firewall - Basic Settings 47
Figure 6-30: Firewall - IP Based ACL 49
Figure 6-31: Firewall - IP Based ACL (pre-defined services) 49
Figure 6-32: Firewall - IP Based ACL (Service definition) 50
Figure 6-33: Firewall - Edit IP ACL Rule 50
Figure 6-34: Firewall - Internet Access Policy 52
Figure 6-35: Firewall - Internet Access Policy Summary 53
Figure 6-36: Firewall - Internet Access Policy (List of PCs to apply policy) 53
Figure 6-37: Firewall - Single Port Forwarding 54
Figure 6-38: Port Range Forwarding 55
Figure 6-39: Port Range Triggering 56
Figure 6-40: Firewall - Services 57

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Figure 6-41: VPN - IPsec VPN 58
Figure 6-42: VPN Tunnel Summary 58
Figure 6-43: View VPN Tunnel Log 60
Figure 6-44: IPsec VPN Advanced Settings 61
Figure 6-45: VPN - VPN Client Accounts 63
Figure 6-46: VPN - VPN Passthrough 64
Figure 6-47: QoS - Application Based 65
Figure 6-48: Port-based 66
Figure 6-49: Administration - Management 67
Figure 6-50: Administration - Log 68
Figure 6-51: View Log pop-up window 68
Figure 6-52: Administration - Diagnostics 69
Figure 6-53: Ping Test Screen 69
Figure 6-54: Trace Route Test Screen 70
Figure 6-55: Administration - Config Management 70
Figure 6-56: Administration - Factory Default 71
Figure 6-57: Administration - Firmware Upgrade 71
Figure 6-58: IPS - Configuration 72
Figure 6-59: IPS - P2P / IM 73
Figure 6-60: IPS - Report 74
Figure 6-61: IPS Log Raw Data 74
Figure 6-62: IPS - Information 75
Figure 6-63: L2 Switch - VLAN 76
Figure 6-64: L2 Switch - RADIUS 77
Figure 6-65: L2 Switch - RADIUS 77
Figure 6-66: L2 Switch - Port Settings 78
Figure 6-67: L2 Switch - Cable Diagnostics 79
Figure 6-68: Status - WAN / Gateway 80
Figure 6-69: Status - LAN 81
Figure 6-70: LAN DHCP Client Table 81

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Figure 6-71: LAN ARP Table 81
Figure 6-72: Status - Wireless LAN 82
Figure 6-73: Status - System Performance 83
Figure 6-74: Status - VPN Clients 84
Figure 6-75: Status - IPsec VPN 84
Figure B-1: VPN Client Accounts Screen 99
Figure B-2: QuickVPN Desktop Icon 101
Figure B-3: QuickVPN Tray Icon - No Connection 101
Figure B-4: QuickVPN Software - Profile 101
Figure B-5: Connecting 101
Figure B-6: Activating Policy 101
Figure B-7: Verifying Network 101
Figure B-8: QuickVPN Software - Status 102
Figure B-9: QuickVPN Tray Icon - Connection 102
Figure B-10: QuickVPN Tray Icon - No Connection 102
Figure B-11: QuickVPN Software - Change Password 102
Figure C-1: Diagram of Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel 103
Figure C-2: Login Screen 104
Figure C-3: VPN - IPsec VPN Configuration 104
Figure C-4: Advanced IPsec VPN Tunnel Settings 106
Figure C-5: Auto (IKE) Advanced Settings Screen 106
Figure D-1: IP Configuration Screen 108
Figure D-2: MAC Address/Adapter Address 108
Figure D-3: MAC Address/Physical Address 109
Figure D-4: MAC Address Clone 109

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 1: Introduction

Welcome

Thank you for choosing the Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN. The Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router
with VPN is an advanced Internet-sharing network solution for your small business needs. The Router features a
built-in 4-Port full-duplex 10/100/1000 Ethernet switch to connect four PCs directly, or you can connect more
hubs and switches to create as big a network as you need. Like any wireless router, it lets multiple computers in
your office share an Internet connection through both wired and wireless connections. It can also be used as an
intranet router to aggregate traffic to a company backbone network.

The Router has a built-in access point that supports the latest 802.11n draft specification by IEEE. It also supports

802.11g and 802.11b clients in a mixed environment. The access point can support an 11n data rate of up to 300
Mbps. Besides having a higher data rate, 802.11n technology also promises longer coverage by using multiple
antennas to transmit and receive data streams in different directions. Users are encouraged to upgrade their
firmware through www.linksys.com when 802.11n specification is finalized by IEEE to ensure compatibility with
all the wireless-N devices.

The Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN is equipped with advanced security technologies like Intrusion
Prevention System (IPS), Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) Firewall, IP based Access List (IP ACL), and Network
Address Port Translation (NAPT, also called NAT as a more generic term). These technologies work together by
providing self-defensive strategy. Malicious attack traffic is identified, classified, and stopped in real time while
passing through the Router. Users are encouraged to update their IPS signature file to stay current on stopping
malicious worms. The SPI Firewall provides deep packet inspection to analyze packets in network layer (IP) and
transport layer (TCP, UDP) to block illegal packet transactions. Users can also use IP based ACL to limit traffic to a
specific source, destination and protocol. NAPT allows users to open specific TCP/UDP port numbers to the
Internet to provide limited service while minimizing harmful traffic at the same time.

Ethernet: a network protocol that specifies
how data is placed on and retrieved from a
common transmission medium.

The Virtual Private Network (VPN) capability is another security feature that creates encrypted “tunnels” through
the Internet, allowing up to five remote offices and five traveling users to securely connect into your office
network from off-site. Users connecting through a VPN tunnel are attached to your company's network with
secure access to files, e-mail, and your intranet as if they were in the building. You can also use the VPN
capability to allow users on your small office network to securely connect out to a corporate network. The QoS
features provide consistent voice and video quality throughout your business.

This user guide will give you all the information you need to connect, set up, and configure your Router.

Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

What’s in this Guide?

This user guide covers the steps for setting up and using the Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN.

• Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter describes the Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN applications and this User Guide.

• Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
This chapter describes the basics of networking and network security.

• Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN)
This chapter describes a VPN and its various applications.

• Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router
This chapter describes the physical features of the Router.

• Chapter 5: Connecting the Router
This chapter instructs you on how to connect the Router to your network.

• Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router
This chapter explains how to use the Web-Based Utility to perform basic setup and configure its advanced
settings.

• Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This appendix describes some problems and solutions, as well as frequently asked questions, regarding
installation and use of the Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN.

• Appendix B: Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software for Windows 2000 or XP
This appendix instructs you on how to use the Linksys QuickVPN software if you are using a Windows 2000 or
XP PC.

• Appendix C: Configuring a Gateway-to-Gateway IPSec Tunnel
This appendix describes how to configure an IPSec VPN Tunnel between two VPN Routers.

• Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet Adapter.
This appendix describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use
the MAC filtering and/or MAC address cloning feature of the Router. It also explains how to find the IP address
for your computer.

• Appendix E: Glossary
This appendix gives a brief glossary of terms frequently used in networking.

Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this Guide?

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

• Appendix F: Specifications
This appendix provides the technical specifications for the Router.

• Appendix G: Warranty Information
This appendix supplies the warranty information for the Router.

• Appendix H: Regulatory Information
This appendix supplies the regulatory information regarding the Router.

• Appendix I: Contact Information
This appendix provides contact information for a variety of Linksys resources, including Technical Support.

Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this Guide?

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics

An Introduction to LANs

A Router is a network device that connects multiple networks together and forward traffic based on IP destination
of each packet.

The Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router can connect your local area network (LAN) or a group of PCs
interconnected in your home or office to the Internet. You can use one public IP address from the ISP through
WAN port and use the router’s Network Address Translation (NAT) technology to share this single IP address
among all the users.

The Router’s Network Address Port Translation (NAPT or NAT) technology protects your network of PCs so users
on the Internet cannot “see” your PCs. This is how your LAN remains private. The Router protects your network by
inspecting the first packet coming in through the Internet port before delivery to the final destination on one of
the Ethernet ports. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server, ftp server, or other Internet
applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the packet to the appropriate PC on the LAN side.

Multiple Wireless-N Gigabit Security Routers can also be used to connect multiple LANs together. This usually
applies to a medium-sized or larger company where you want to divide your network into multiple IP subnets to
increase the intranet throughput and reduce the size of the IP broadcast domain and its interference. In this case,
you need one WRVS4400N for each subnetwork and you can connect all the WAN ports to a second level Router
or switch to the Internet. Note that the second level Router only forwards data packets through a wired network
so you don’t have to use the Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router. You can use any wired router in the Linksys
family, e.g. RVS4000, which has 4 LAN ports and 1 WAN port.

NAT (Network Address Translation):
NAT technology translates IP
addresses of a local area network to a
different IP address for the Internet.

LAN: the computers and networking products that
make up your local network

The following diagram shows an example that consists of two levels of routers and multiple LANs inter-connected
together. The wireless network is only available at the first level of router to provide end user connections. The
second level router can connect to dedicated Server PCs or routers that aggregates traffic from different LANs.

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
An Introduction to LANs

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Figure 2-1: Example network

The Use of IP Addresses

IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device in an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers,
requires an IP address to identify its location, or address, on the network. This applies to both the Internet and
LAN connections.

There are two ways of assigning IP addresses to your network devices.

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
The Use of IP Addresses

NOTE: Since the Router is a device that connects two
networks, it needs two IP addresses—one for the LAN,
and one for the Internet. In this User Guide, you’ll see
references to the “Internet IP address” and the “LAN
IP address.”

Since the Router uses NAT technology, the only IP
address that can be seen from the Internet for your
network is the Router’s Internet IP address. However,
even this Internet IP address can be hidden on the
Internet by suppressing PING response.

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a
static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing ensures that the device assigned it will
always have that same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used with dedicated
network devices such as server PCs or print servers. Since a user’s PC is moving around in a network and is
being powered on or off, it does not require a dedicated IP address that could be a precious resource in your
network.

If you use the Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, contact your ISP to find out if they have
assigned a static IP address to your account. If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring the
Router. You can get the information from your ISP.

A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network. This IP address is called dynamic
because it is only temporarily assigned to the PC or other device. After a certain time period, it expires and may
change. If a PC logs onto the network (or the Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the DHCP server
will assign it a new dynamic IP address. Most ISPs use dynamic IP addresses for their customers. By default, the
Router’s Internet Connection Type is Obtain an IP automatically (DHCP).

For DSL users, many ISPs may require you to log on with a user name and password to gain access to the
Internet. This is a dedicated, high-speed connection type called Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE).
PPPoE is similar to a dial-up connection, which establishes a PPP session with an ISP server through the DSL
connection. The server will also provide the Router with a dynamic IP address to establish a connection to the
Internet.

A DHCP server can either be located on a designated PC on the network or another network device, such as the
Router. The PC or network device obtaining an IP address is called the DHCP client. DHCP frees you from having to
assign IP addresses manually every time a new user is added to your network. For this Wireless-N Router, a DHCP
client is running on a WAN port for most configurations. A DHCP server is running on the LAN side to provide
services.

By default, a DHCP server is enabled on the Router. If you already have a DHCP server running on your network,
you MUST disable one of the two DHCP servers. If you run more than one DHCP server on your network, you will
experience network errors, such as conflicting IP addresses. To disable DHCP on the Router, refer to the Basic
Setup section in “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router.”

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
The Use of IP Addresses

Static IP address: a fixed address
assigned to a computer or device that
is connected to a network.

Dynamic IP address: a temporary IP
address assigned by a DHCP server.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol): a protocol that lets one

device on a local network, known as a
DHCP server, assign temporary IP
addresses to the other network
devices, typically computers.

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

The Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)

1000+

Figure 2-2: IPS Scenarios

IPS is an advanced technology to protect your network from malicious attacks. IPS works together with your SPI
Firewall, IP Based Access List (IP ACL), Network Address Port Translation (NAPT), and Virtual Private Network
(VPN) to achieve the highest amount of securities.

IPS works by providing real-time detection and prevention as an in-line module in a router. The Wireless-N
Security Router has hardware-based acceleration for real-time pattern matching for malicious attacks. It actively
filters and drops malicious TCP/UDP/ICMP/IGMP packets and can reset TCP connections. This protects your client
PCs and servers running various operating systems including Windows, Linux, and Solaris from network worm
attacks. However, this system does not prevent viruses attached emails.

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
The Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

The P2P (peer to peer) and IM (instant messaging) control allows the system administrator to prevent network
users from using those protocols to communicate with people over the Internet. This helps the administrators to
set up company policies on how to use their Internet bandwidth wisely.

The signature file is the heart of the IPS system. It is similar to the Virus definition files on your PC’s Anti-Virus
programs. IPS uses this file to match against packets coming in to the Router and performs actions accordingly.
As of today, the Wireless-N Router is shipped with signature file version 1.1.4 and with a total of 1048 rules. The
rules cover the following categories: DDoS, Buffer Overflow, Access Control, Scan, Trojan Horse, Misc., P2P, IM,
Virus, Worm, and Web Attacks.

Customers are encouraged to update their IPS signature file regularly to prevent any new type of attacks on the
Internet.

Chapter 2: Networking and Security Basics
The Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Why do I need a VPN?

Computer networking provides a flexibility not available when using an archaic, paper-based system. With this
flexibility, however, comes an increased risk in security. This is why firewalls were first introduced. Firewalls help
to protect data inside of a local network. But what do you do once information is sent outside of your local
network, when e-mails are sent to their destination, or when you have to connect to your company's network
when you are out on the road? How is your data protected?

That is when a VPN can help. VPNs are called Virtual Private Networks because they secure data moving outside
of your network as if it were still within that network.

When data is sent out across the Internet from your computer, it is always open to attacks. You may already have
a firewall, which will help protect data moving around or held within your network from being corrupted or
intercepted by entities outside of your network, but once data moves outside of your network—when you send
data to someone via e-mail or communicate with an individual over the Internet—the firewall will no longer
protect that data.

At this point, your data becomes open to hackers using a variety of methods to steal not only the data you are
transmitting but also your network login and security data. Some of the most common methods are as follows:

1) MAC Address Spoofing

Packets transmitted over a network, either your local network or the Internet, are preceded by a packet header.
These packet headers contain both the source and destination information for that packet to transmit efficiently.
A hacker can use this information to spoof (or fake) a MAC address allowed on the network. With this spoofed
MAC address, the hacker can also intercept information meant for another user.

vpn (virtual private network): a security
measure to protect data as it leaves one
network and goes to another over the Internet

packet: a unit of data sent over a network

2) Data Sniffing

Data “sniffing” is a method used by hackers to obtain network data as it travels through unsecured networks,
such as the Internet. Tools for just this kind of activity, such as protocol analyzers and network diagnostic tools,
are often built into operating systems and allow the data to be viewed in clear text.

3) Man in the middle attacks

Once the hacker has either sniffed or spoofed enough information, he can now perform a “man in the middle”
attack. This attack is performed, when data is being transmitted from one network to another, by rerouting the

Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Why do I need a VPN?

9

Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

data to a new destination. Even though the data is not received by its intended recipient, it appears that way to
the person sending the data.

These are only a few of the methods hackers use and they are always developing more. Without the security of
your VPN, your data is constantly open to such attacks as it travels over the Internet. Data travelling over the
Internet will often pass through many different servers around the world before reaching its final destination.
That's a long way to go for unsecured data and this is when a VPN serves its purpose.

What is a VPN?

A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is a connection between two endpoints—a VPN Router, for instance—in
different networks that allows private data to be sent securely over a shared or public network, such as the
Internet. This establishes a private network that can send data securely between these two locations or
networks.

This is done by creating a “tunnel”. A VPN tunnel connects the two PCs or networks and allows data to be
transmitted over the Internet as if it were still within those networks. Not a literal tunnel, it is a connection
secured by encrypting the data sent between the two networks.

There are two popular ways to establish a secured tunnel over the Internet — IPsec (IP Security) and SSL (Secure
Sockets Layer). IPsec runs on top of the IP layer and SSL runs over HTTP sessions. IPsec provides better data
throughput and SSL offers ease of use without the need of VPN client applications. The Wireless-N Gigabit
Security Router supports IPsec VPN for maximum throughput on data security.

VPN was created as a cost-effective alternative to using a private, dedicated, leased line for a private network.
Using industry standard encryption and authentication techniques—IPsec, short for IP Security—the VPN creates
a secure connection that, in effect, operates as if you were directly connected to your local network. Virtual
Private Networking can be used to create secure networks linking a central office with branch offices,
telecommuters, and/or professionals on the road (travelers can connect to a VPN Router using any computer
with the Linksys VPN client software.)

There are two basic ways to create a VPN connection:

• VPN Router to VPN Router

• Computer (using the Linksys VPN client software) to VPN Router

The VPN Router creates a “tunnel” or channel between two endpoints, so that data transmissions between them
are secure. A computer with the Linksys VPN client software can be one of the two endpoints (refer to “Appendix
C: Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software for Windows 2000 or XP”). If you choose not to run the VPN client
software, any computer with the built-in IPsec Security Manager (Microsoft 2000 and XP) allows the VPN Router

Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN)
What is a VPN?

encryption: encoding data transmitted in a network

ip (internet protocol): a protocol used to send data

over a network

software: instructions for the computer

IMPORTANT: You must have at least one VPN
Router on one end of the VPN tunnel. At the other
end of the VPN tunnel, you must have a second VPN
Router or a computer with the Linksys VPN client

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

to create a VPN tunnel using IPsec (refer to “Appendix C: Configuring IPsec between a Windows 2000 or XP PC
and the Router”). Other versions of Microsoft operating systems require additional, third-party VPN client
software applications that support IPsec to be installed.

Home Office

VPN Router to VPN Router

An example of a VPN Router-to-VPN Router VPN would be as follows. At home, a telecommuter uses his VPN
Router for his always-on Internet connection. His router is configured with his office's VPN settings. When he
connects to his office's router, the two routers create a VPN tunnel, encrypting and decrypting data. As VPNs
utilize the Internet, distance is not a factor. Using the VPN, the telecommuter now has a secure connection to the
central office's network, as if he were physically connected. For more information, refer to “Appendix C:
Configuring a Gateway-to-Gateway IPsec Tunnel.”

Computer (using the Linksys VPN client software) to VPN Router

The following is an example of a computer-to-VPN Router VPN. In her hotel room, a traveling businesswoman
dials up her ISP. Her notebook computer has the Linksys VPN client software, which is configured with her office's
IP address. She accesses the Linksys VPN client software and connects to the VPN Router at the central office. As
VPNs utilize the Internet, distance is not a factor. Using the VPN, the businesswoman now has a secure
connection to the central office's network, as if she were physically connected.

For additional information and instructions about creating your own VPN, please visit Linksys’s website at
www.linksys.com. You can also refer to “Appendix B: Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software for Windows 2000 or
XP” and “Appendix C: Configuring a Gateway-to-Gateway IPsec Tunnel.”

WRVS4400N

Figure 3-1: VPN Router to VPN Router

WRVS4400N

Off-site

Laptop running Linksys VPN Client Software

Figure 3-2: Computer to VPN Router

PC 2VPN RouterPC 1

Office

PC 2

Chapter 3: Planning Your Virtual Private Network (VPN)
What is a VPN?

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router

The Front Panel

The Router’s LEDs are located on the front panel of the Router.

Figure 4-1: Front Panel

LEDs

POWER Green. The POWER LED lights up when the Router is powered on. The LED flashes

when the Router runs a diagnostic test.

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router
The Front Panel

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

DIAG Red. The DIAG LED lights up when the system is not ready. The LED light goes off when

the system is ready. The Diag LED blinks during Firmware upgrades.

IPS Green/Red. The IPS LED lights up when the IPS function is enabled. The LED light is off

when the IPS functions are disabled. The IPS LED flashes green when an external
attack is detected. The IPS LED flashes red when an internal attack is detected.

WIRELESS Green. The WIRELESS LED lights up when the wireless module is enabled. The LED is

off when the wireless module is disabled. The WIRELESS LED flashes green when the
data is transmitting or receiving on the wireless module.

1-4 (ETHERNET) Green. For each port, there are three LEDs. If the corresponding LED is continuously lit,

the Router is connected to a device at the speed indicated through the corresponding
port (1, 2, 3, or 4). The LED flashes when the Router is actively sending or receiving
data.

INTERNET Green. The INTERNET LED lights up the appropriate LED depending upon the speed of

the device that is attached to the Internet port. If the Router is connected to a cable or
DSL modem, typically the 10 LED will be the only LED lit up (i.e. 10Mbps). The LED
Flashes during activity.

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router
The Front Panel

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

The Back Panels

The Router’s ports and Reset button are located on the back panel of the Router.

Figure 4-2: Back Panel

Reset Button The Reset button can be used in one of two ways:

If the Router is having problems connecting to the Internet, press the Reset button for
just a second with a paper clip or a pencil tip. This is similar to pressing the Reset
button on your PC to reboot it.

If you are experiencing extreme problems with the Router and have tried all other
troubleshooting measures, press and hold in the Reset button for 10 seconds. This will
restore the factory defaults and clear all of the Router’s settings, such as port
forwarding or a new password.

Ports

INTERNET The INTERNET port connects to a cable or DSL modem.

1-4 (ETHERNET) The four ETHERNET ports connect to network devices, such as PCs, print servers, or

additional switches.

POWER The POWER port is where you will connect the included AC power cable.

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router
The Back Panels

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Antennas and Positions

The Access Point can be placed in three different positions. It can be either stackable, standalone, or wall-mount.

Antenna The Access Point has three non-detachable 2dBi omni-directional antennas. The three

antennas have a base that can rotate 90 degrees when in the standing position. The
three antennas will all be used to support 2X3 MIMO diversity in wireless-N mode.

Figure 4-3: Stackable Position and its Antenna Setup

Chapter 4: Getting to Know the Router
Antennas and Positions

Figure 4-4: Standalone Position and its Antenna Setup

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router

Overview

To set up your network, you will do the following:

• Connect the Router to one of your PCs according to the instructions in this chapter.

• By default, Windows 98, 2000, Millennium, and XP computers are set to obtain an IP address automatically, so
unless you have changed the default setting, then you will not need to configure your PCs. (If you do need to
configure your PCs, refer to Windows Help for more information.)

• Set up and configure the Router with the setting(s) provided by your Internet Service Provider (ISP) according
to “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router.”

The installation technician from your ISP should have left the setup information with you after installing your
broadband connection. If not, you can call your ISP to request the information. Once you have the setup
information for your specific type of Internet connection, then you can begin installation and setup of the Router.

Internet

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router
Overview

Cable or DSL

Modem

PC with Ethernet

Adapter

Wireless-N Gigabit

Security Router

Notebook with

Ethernet Adapter

Figure 5-1: Example of a Typical Network

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Connection Instructions

1. Before you begin, make sure that all of your hardware is powered off, including the Router, PCs, hubs,
switches, and cable or DSL modem.

2. Connect one end of an Ethernet network cable to one of the numbered ports on the back of the Router.
Connect the other end to an Ethernet port on a network device, e.g., a PC, print server, hub, or switch.

Repeat this step to connect more PCs or other network devices to the Router.

3. Connect your cable or DSL modem’s Ethernet cable to the Router’s Internet port.

4. Power on the cable or DSL modem and the other network device if using one.

5. Connect the included AC power cable to the Router’s Power port on the side of the Router, and then plug the
power adapter into an electrical outlet.

The Power LED on the front panel will light up as soon as the power adapter is connected properly.

Proceed to “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router.”

Figure 5-2: Connect a PC

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router
Connection Instructions

Figure 5-3: Connect the Internet

Figure 5-4: Connect the Power

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Placement Options

There are three ways to place the Wireless-N Router. The first way is to place it horizontally on a surface, so it sits
on its four rubber feet. The second way is to stand the Wireless Router vertically on a surface. The third way is to
mount it on a wall. The stand and wall-mount options are explained in further detail below.

Stand Option

1. Locate the Router’s left side panel.

2. The Router includes two stands. With the two large prongs facing outward, insert the short prongs into the
little slots in the Router, and push the stand upward until it snaps into place.

Repeat this step with the other stand.

Now that the hardware installation is complete, proceed to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the

Wireless-N Router,” for directions on how to set up the Wireless-N Router."

Figure 5-5: The Stand Option

Large
Prongs

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router
Placement Options

Figure 5-6: Stand

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Wall-Mount Option

You will need two suitable screws (See Figure 5-7) to mount the Router. Make sure the screw size can fit into the
criss-cross wall-mount slots.

1. On the Wireless Router’s back panel are two criss-cross wall-mount slots.

2. Determine where you want to mount the Wireless Router, and install two screws that are 2-9/16 in (64.5mm)
apart.

3. Line up the Wireless Router so that the wall-mount slots line up with the two screws.

4. Place the wall-mount slots over the screws and slide the Wireless Router down until the screws fit snugly into
the wall-mount slots.

Now that the hardware installation is complete, proceed to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the
Wireless-N Router,” for directions on how to set up the Wireless-N Router."

Figure 5-7: Mounting Dimensions

Figure 5-8: Wall Mounting Hardware

Chapter 5: Connecting the Router
Placement Options

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router

Overview

The Wireless Router has been designed to be functional right out of the box with the default settings. However, if
you'd like to change these settings, the Wireless Router can be configured through your web browser with the
Web-based Utility. This chapter explains how to use the Utility to perform the most basic settings.

The Utility can be accessed via web browsers, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox through the
use of a computer that is networked with the Wireless Router.

Basic Setup

For a basic network setup, most users only need to use the following screens of the Utility:

• Setup->WAN
Click the Setup tab and then select the WAN screen. Select the appropriate Internet Connection Type
according to your ISP if connecting your WAN port to the WAN (DSL or cable modem). Otherwise, most cases
can leave the default setting to get a WAN port IP address from a DHCP server.

• Setup->Advanced Routing
Click the Setup tab and then select the Advanced Routing screen. If you are connecting the Router to the
Internet, leave the default setting. Otherwise, choose the Intranet Router Operation Mode to disable NAT
(Network Address Translation).

• Management
Click the Administration tab and then select the Management screen. Change the access password for the
Router’s Web-based Utility. The default username and password are admin.

Most users will also customize their wireless settings:

• Wireless
On the Wireless screen, change the default SSID on the Basic Wireless Settings Tab. Select the level of
security under the Wireless Security Tab and complete the options for the selected security mode. When the
appropriate security mode is configured, disable SSID Broadcast on the Basic Wireless Settings Tab.

Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router
Overview

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

How to Access the Web-based Utility

There are two ways to connect to your Wireless Router for the first time.

1. Connect your PC to one of the four LAN ports on the Router. (Refer to "Chapter 5: Connecting the Router.")
Then, configure your PC to obtain IP address automatically through a DHCP server.

2. Although it is not recommended, you can also connect your PC wirelessly to the Wireless Router. Then,
configure the wireless interface of your PC to obtain IP address automatically through a DHCP server. It is not
recommended, because you can easily lose your connection through wireless configuration changes.

To access the Web-based Utility of the Router:

• Launch a web browser, such as Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox, and enter the Router’s default IP address,

192.168.1.1, in the Address field. Press the Enter key.

• A screen will appear asking you for your User name and Password. Enter admin in the User Name field, and
enter your password (default password is admin) in the Password field. Then click the OK button.

How to Navigate the Utility

Figure 6-1: Router’s IP Address

The Web-based Utility consists of the following nine main tabs: Setup, Wireless, Firewall, VPN, QoS,
Administration, IPS, L2 Switch and Status. Additional screens (sub tabs) will be available from most of the main
tabs.

The following briefly describes the main & sub tabs of the Utility.

Setup

You will use the Setup tabs to define the Router’s basic functionality.

• IP Version. This screen provides options for IPv4 mode or Dual-Stack IPv4 and IPv6 mode.

• WAN. The Internet connection settings are entered and displayed on this screen.

• LAN. The Local Area Network (LAN) settings are entered and displayed on this screen.

• DMZ. The DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) Host feature allows one local user to be exposed to the Internet to use a
special-purpose service such as Internet gaming or video conferencing.

Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router
How to Access the Web-based Utility

Figure 6-2: Login Screen for Web-based

Utility

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Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

• MAC Address Clone. Some ISPs require that you register a MAC address. This feature clones your network
adapter's MAC address onto the Router, which prevents you from having to call your ISP to change the
registered MAC address to the Router's MAC address.

• Advanced Routing. Select the Router’s operation mode either connecting to the Internet or Intranet (NAT is
only enabled while connecting to the Internet). Configure dynamic or static routing. The Router support RIP
version 1 and 2 to automatically exchange routing information and establish its routing table.

• Time. Change the time settings on this screen.

Wireless

You will use the Wireless tabs to enter a variety of wireless settings for the built-in access point of the Router.

• Basic Wireless Settings. Choose the wireless network mode (e.g. B/G/N-Mixed), SSID, and radio channel on
this screen.

• Wireless Security. Use this screen to configure the built-in access point’s security settings.

• Wireless Connection Control. Use this screen to control the wireless connections from client devices to the
Router.

• Advanced Wireless Settings. Use this screen to configure the built-in access point’s more advanced wireless
settings (e.g. Tx Rate Limiting, Channel Bandwidth, etc.).

Firewall

You will use the Firewall tabs to configure basic firewall settings, IP access list, and Network Address Port
Translation settings for your network’s security.

• Basic Settings. Basic Firewall settings are configured from here.

• IP Based ACL. Define IP based Access List to block specific hosts, networks, and protocols (services).

• Internet Access Policy. This screen defines the time schedule to allow or block complete Internet access or to
specific URLs from the Router.

• Single Port Forwarding. Use this screen to set up public services or other specialized Internet applications
with a single port on your network.

• Port Range Forwarding. Use this screen to set up public services or other specialized Internet applications on
your network using a port range.

Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router
How to Navigate the Utility

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