Linksys BEFSRU31 User Manual

Instant Broadband™ Series
EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL Routers
Use this User Guide to install the following Linksys product(s):
BEFSRU31 EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with USB Port and 10/100 3-Port Switch BEFSR41 v2 EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with 10/100 4-Port Switch BEFSR11 EtherFast 1-Port Cable/DSL Router
User Guide
COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Copyright © 2000 Linksys, All Rights Reserved. Instant Broadband is a registered trademark of Linksys. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trade­marks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the proper­ty of their respective proprietors.
LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Instant Broadband EtherFast Cable/DSL Router is free from physical defects in material and workmanship under normal use for one (1) year from the date of purchase. If the product proves defective during this warranty period, call Linksys Customer Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization number clearly on the outside of the package and include your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PROD­UCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM­AGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFT­WARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS OFFERS NO REFUNDS FOR ITS PROD­UCTS. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accom­panying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to:
Linksys P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. FCC STATEMENT
The Instant Broadband EtherFast Cable/DSL Router has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radi­ate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guaran­tee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
• Increase the separation between the equipment or device
• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver’s
• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance 009
Instant Broadband Series EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Configuring Your Network with the Cable/DSL Router 33
Configuring Y our Cable/DSL Router 34 Configuring Your PCs to Connect to the Cable/DSL Router 36
The Cable/DSL Router’s Web-based Utility 38
Quick and Easy Router Administration 38 Setup 39 Password 41 Status 43 DHCP 44 Help 45 IP Filtering 47 IP Forwarding 49 Dynamic Routing 50 Static Routing 51 DMZ Hosting 53 Logging 54
Troubleshooting 55
Common Problems 55 Frequently Asked Questions 57
Appendix 61
How to Ping Your ISP’s E-mail & Web Addresses 61 Installing the TCP/IP Protocol 64 Twisted-Pair Cabling 66 Crimping Your Own Network Cables 67 4-Port Router Specifications 68 Environmental Specifications 68 1-Port Router Specifications 69 Environmental Specifications 69 3-Port Router Specifications 70 Environmental Specifications 70 Customer Support 71
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
The Linksys EtherFast Cable/DSL Router 1 Features 1 Package Contents for the 4-Port Router 2 Network Requirements 2 Package Contents for the 1-Port Router 3 Network Requirements 3 Package Contents for the 3-Port Router 4 Network Requirements 4
Getting to Know the 4-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router 5
The 4-Port Router’s Rear Panel 5 The 4-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs 6
Getting to Know the 1-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router 8
The 1-Port Router’s Rear Panel 8 The 1-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs 9
Getting to Know the 3-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router 11
The 3-Port Router’s Rear Panel 11 The USB Icon 12 The 3-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs 13
Connecting Your Cable/DSL Router to Your Network 15
Overview 15 LANs and WANs 15 IP Addresses: A Quick Lesson 16 Connecting Your Hardware Together & Booting Up 18 Uplinking: Connecting More Devices to Your Router 20
Configuring Your Router’s USB Port 21
Windows 98 Conf iguration 21 Windows 2000 Conf iguration 25 Windows Millennium Conf iguration 29
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Package Contents for the 4-Port Router
One EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with 10/100 4-Port Switch
One Power Adapter
One Power Cord
One User Guide and Registration Card
Network Requirements
One RJ-45 broadband Inter net connection, with a cable or DSL modem
One PC with a 10Mbps or 10/100 Mbps Ether net card or adapter installed
TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC
UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors
Inter net Explorer 4.0 and higher, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher
Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape
Navigator are highly recommended for optimal results.
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Instant Broadband Series
Introduction
The Linksys EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
Congratulations on the purchase of your EtherFast Cable/DSL Router from Linksys! The EtherFast Cable/DSL Router is the perfect solution for connect­ing a network of PCs to a high-speed broadband Internet connection and to an Ethernet network backbone. Configurable as a DHCP server, the EtherFast Cable/DSL Router is the only visible network device on the Internet. The Router also serves as your Internet firewall, protecting your network’s PCs from being accessed by external users. All incoming data packets are moni­tored and filtered. Your Router can also be configured to block internal users' access to the Internet with IP Filtering, as well as play Internet games, video­conference, and much more.
Now all of your PCs can enjoy lightning-fast broadband Internet connections and share internal network data. Link it all together and your network will blaze along faster than you ever thought possible.
Features
Connects to a Broadband Modem and to an Ether net Network Backbone
Equipped With a 3 or 4-Port 10/100 Switch (BEFSRU31 & BEFSR41 v2
only)
Connects All of Your PCs to the Internet with Just One IP Address
Firewall Protects Your PCs From Outside Intruders on the Internet
Configurable Through a PC’s Web Browser Using Netscape Navigator 4.0
or Internet Explorer 4.0
Suppor ts IPSec Pass-Through for Virtual Private Networking (VPNs)
Administer Your Router Remotely Over the Internet
10/100 Switch Speeds Up Your Gaming and Multimedia Connections
(BEFSRU31 & BEFSR41 v2 only)
Configurable as a DHCP Server on Your Network
Compatible with Virtually All Standard Internet Applications
Administrators Can Block Specific Inter nal Users' Inter net Access
DMZ Hosting Feature Enables Internet Multimedia Applications
Such as Video-Conferencing and Internet Gaming
1
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Package Contents for the 3-Port Router
One EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with USB Port & 10/100 3-Port Switch
One USB Cable
One 3.5” Floppy Disk for USB Setup
One Power Adapter
One User Guide and Registration Card
Network Requirements
One RJ-45 broadband Inter net connection, with a cable or DSL modem
One PC with a 10/100 Mbps Ether net card or adapter installed,
or a PC with a USB port
TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC
UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors
Inter net Explorer 4.0 and higher, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher
Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape
Navigator are highly recommended for optimal results.
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Instant Broadband Series
Package Contents for the 1-Port Router
One EtherFast 10/100 1-Port Cable/DSL Router
One Power Adapter
One User Guide and Registration Card
Network Requirements
One RJ-45 broadband Inter net connection, with a cable or DSL modem
One PC with a 10/100 Mbps Ether net card or adapter installed
TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC
UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors
Inter net Explorer 4.0 and higher, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher
Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape
Navigator are highly recommended for optimal results.
3
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
5
4-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs
The LAN Indicators
Power Green. The Power LED lights up when the Router is pow-
ered on.
Link/Act Green. The Link/Act LED ser ves two purposes. If the LED
is continuously lit up, the Router is successfully connected to a device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3 or 4). If the LED is flickering, the Router is actively sending or receiving data over that port.
Full/Col Green. The Full/Col LED also ser ves two purposes. If this
LED is lit up continuously, the connection made through the corresponding port is r unning in Full Duplex mode. If the LED flickers, the connection is experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal.
If this LED flickers too often, there may be a problem with your connection. See the Troubleshooting section if you have problems.
100 Orange. The 100 LED lights up when a successful
100Mbps connection is made through the corresponding port.
If this LED is not lighting up, then your connection speed is 10 Mbps.
BEFSR41 v2 shown above
Getting to Know the 4-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
The 4-Port Router’s Rear Panel
Your Router’s ports, where network cables are connected, are located on the rear panel of your Router.
The 4-Port Router’s Ports
WAN The WAN (Wide Area Network) port is where you
connect your cable or DSL modem.
Ports 1-4 These four LAN (Local Area Network) ports con-
nect to network devices, such as PCs, print servers, and remote hard drives. If port 1 is being used, the Uplink por t will not work- these two shared ports have internally shared wiring.
Uplink The Uplink por t is used to expand your network
by connecting to another switch or hub. Uplinking to another Router, switch or a hub is done by sim­ply running a cable from the Uplink port to the other device. See page 10 for more on uplinking.
If the Uplink por t is being used, Port 1 will not work.
Power The Power por t is where you will connect the
power adapter. Be sure to connect the power cord to the power adapter before plugging it in.
BEFSR41 v2 shown above
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
7
Getting to Know the 1-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
The One-Port Router’s Rear Panel
The rear panel of the Router is where all of the Router’s cabling connections are made, and where you can reset or configure the Router’s LAN port.
The One-Port Router’s Ports
WAN The WAN (Wide Area Network) port is where you
connect your cable or DSL modem.
LAN The LAN (Local Area Network) port is where you
connect your Router to a PC, hub, or switch. If you have more than one PC, connect an Ethernet hub or switch to your Router, then connect your PCs to that hub or switch.
Power The Power por t connects to the power adapter.
BEFSR11 shown above
The WAN Indicators
Link Green. The Link LED lights up when a successful connec-
tion is made between the Router and your broadband device or network.
Act Green. The Act LED flickers when the Router is sending or
receiving data over the broadband WAN port (to the Internet).
Diag Orange. The Diag LED lights up when the Router goes
through its self-diagnosis mode during every boot-up, and also when you click Apply to update any changes made in the Router’s Utility. It will turn off upon successful comple­tion of the diagnosis.
If this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time, see the Troubleshooting section.
The Reset Button*The Reset button can be used in one of two ways.
1. If your Router is having problems connecting to the Internet, press the Reset button in for just a moment with a paper clip or a pencil tip. This
clears up any jammed connections, and is similar to pressing the Reset but­ton on your PC to reboot it.
2. If you are experiencing extreme problems with your Router and have tried all other troubleshooting measures, press the Reset Button in and hold it down until the orange Diag LED on the front panel turns on and off completely.
This will restore factory defaults and clear all of the Router’s settings, including the IP addresses you entered.
Leaving the power off for too long could result in the loss of network con­nections.
See also restoring factory defaults through the Web-based Utility in the Cable/DSL Router’s Web-based Utility section.
* The Reset Button is located on the front panel of the 4-Port Router, and the rear panel of the
3-Port Router and the 1-Port Router.
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Link/Act Green. The Link/Act LED ser ves two purposes. If the LED
is continuously lit up, the Router is successfully connected to a device through the LAN port. If the LED is flickering, the Router is actively sending or receiving data through the
LAN port.
Full/Col Green. The Full/Col LED also ser ves two purposes. If this
LED remains lit, a LAN por t connection is being success­fully maintained. If the LED flickers, the connection is experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal.
If this LED flickers too often, there may be a problem with your connection. See Troubleshooting on page 56 if you encounter problems.
10/100 Orange. The 10/100 LED lights up when a successful
100Mbps connection is made through the corresponding port.
If a connection is running at 10Mbps, the 10/100 LED will not light up.
The WAN Indicators
Link Green. The Link LED lights up when a successful connec-
tion is made between the Router and your Broadband device or network.
Act Green. The Act LED flickers when the Router is sending or
receiving data over the broadband WAN port.
Diag Red. The Diag LED lights up when the Router goes through
its self-diagnostic test during boot-up. It will turn off upon successful completion of the diagnosis. The Diag LED also lights up when you press the Reset button or click Apply to save any changes made in the Web-based Utility.
If this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time, see the Troubleshooting section.
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Instant Broadband Series
9
Buttons & Switches
The Reset Button Details on the Reset button are found on page 7.
The Crossover Switch The Crossover Switch (X II) toggles the LANport
between crossover mode (X) and straight-through mode (II).
If you are connecting the Router’s LAN Port directly to a PC or an uplink port on a hub or switch, choose the crossover (X) mode.
If you are connecting the Router’s LAN port to a standard port on a hub or switch, choose the straight-through (II) mode.
The 1-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs
The LAN Indicators
Power Green. The Power LED lights up green when the Router is
powered on.
NNoottee::
If you’re not sure which mode to use on the Crossover Switch, check the
LLAANN
port’s
LLiinnkk
LED on the front panel of the Router.
If the
LLiinnkk
LED does not light up after the Router is fully installed and config-
ured, try switching the Crossover Switch to the other side. If the
LLiinnkk
LED lights
up, you know that your mode setting is correct.
BEFSR11 shown above
When“
uupplliinnkkiinngg
,” or connecting two pieces of network hardware together, such
as a router and a switch,
aa
ggeenneerraall
rruullee ooff tthhuummbb
is to plug one end of a network
cable into a straight-through port, and the other end into a crossover port. Standard ports are straight-through ports, and uplink ports are crossover ports.
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
11
The USB Icon
This USB icon denotes the presence of a USB port or connector.
Your 3-Port Router comes with a USB cable that has two different types of connectors. Type A, the master connector, is shaped like a rectangle and plugs into your PC’s USB port. Type B, the slave connector, resembles a square and connects to the USB port on the rear panel of your Router.
1, 2, 3 These three LAN por ts connect to your PCs, hubs,
switches, print servers, or any other device with an Ethernet port.
Uplink The Uplink port connects to another hub or switch
for port expansion when you run out of open ports for your network devices. Since the Uplink por t and the standard port right next to it share internal wiring, you can only use one of the two ports at a time.
WAN This WAN port connects to your cable or DSL
modem. Your modem connection will not work
from any other port.
Power The Power port connects to the power adapter.
Getting to Know the 3-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
The 3-Port Router’s Rear Panel Ports
The 3-Port Router’s Ports
USB The USB port (Type B - slave) can connect to
a USB-ready PC or a USB hub. This allows you to enjoy an immediate, plug-and-play connec­tion without even configuring a network adapter for your PC. To work with USB ports, your PC must be running Windows 98, 2000, or Millennium.
BEFSRU31 shown above
USB Compatibility with Your PC
To use the USB port on the 3-Port Router, you must have Windows 98, 2000, or Millennium installed on your PC. USB cannot run in a Windows 95 or NT environ­ment.
Also, your PC must have a USB port installed and enabled. Some PCs may have a disabled USB port. If your port doesn’t seem to be working, there may be jumpers on the motherboard or a menu option in the BIOS to enable a PC’s USB port.
Other motherboards have USB interfaces, but no ports. You can install your own USB port and attach it to your PC’s motherboard using hardware purchased at retail computer stores. See your PC’s User Guide for instructions.
USB Type A
USB Type B
USB ports do not work on PCs running
Windows 95 or Windows NT.
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
100 Orange. The 100 LED lights up when a
successful 100Mbps connection is made through the corresponding port. If this LED does not light up, then your connec­tion speed is 10 Mbps.
USB The USB LED lights up when the USB
port is successfully connected to a PC, USB hub, or other USB device.
The WAN Indicators
Link Green. The Link LED lights up when a successful connec-
tion is made between the Router and your broadband device or network.
Act Green. The Act LED flickers when the Router is sending or
receiving data over the broadband WAN port.
Diag Orange. The Diag LED lights up when the Router goes
through its self-diagnostic test during boot-up. It will turn off upon successful completion of the diagnosis. This LED will also light up when you make changes in the Utility and click Apply to save them.
If this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time, see the Troubleshooting section.
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Instant Broadband Series
Buttons
The Reset Button Details on the Reset button are found on page 7.
The 3-Port Router’s Front Panel LEDs
The LAN Indicators
Power Green. The Power LED lights up green when the
Router is powered on.
Link/Act Green. The Link/Act LED serves two purposes. If
the LED is continuously lit up, the Router is suc­cessfully connected to a device through the corre­sponding RJ-45 port (1, 2, or 3). If the LED flick­ers, then that port is sending or receiving data to and from the network.
Full/Col Green. The Full/Col LED also ser ves two purpos-
es. If this LED is continuously lit up, the connec­tion made through the corresponding port is suc­cessfully running in Full Duplex mode. If the LED is flickering, the connection is experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal.
If this LED flickers too often, there may be a problem with your connection. See the Troubleshooting section if you have problems.
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EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
15
Your Router’s firewall (NAT) protects your network of PCs with security so users on the public, Internet side cannot “see” your PCs. This is why your internal LAN, or network, is private.
Remember that your Router’s ports connect to two sides: your 10/100 LAN port(s) and the Internet WAN port. The LAN port(s) transmit data at 10Mbps or 100 Mbps, whereas the broadband port, or WAN port, transmits data at 10 Mbps, because 10Mbps is currently the maximum speed for cable and DSL service.
IP Addressing: A Quick Lesson
What’s an IP Address?
Every device on an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers, requires an IP address to identify its “location,” or address, on the network. Since the Internet is simply one huge global network, every PC that logs on to the Internet also requires an IP address.
There are two ways of assigning an IP address to your network devices.
Static IP Addresses
A static IP address is a f ixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing ensures that the device you assigned it to will always have that same IP address. Static IP addresses are commonly used with network devices such as server PCs or print servers.
If you use your Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, con­tact your ISP to find out if they have assigned a static IP address to your account. If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring your Router.
Connecting the Cable/DSL Router to Your Network
Overview
Unlike a hub or a switch, the Cable/DSL Router’s setup consists of more than simply plugging hardware together. Since the Router acts as a DHCP server, you will have to set some values for the Router and also configure your net­worked PCs to accept the IP addresses that the Router assigns them.
You will need the following data from your ISP (Internet Service Provider) to install the Cable/DSL Router:
Your broadband-configured PCs’ Computer Name and Workgroup Name
Your broadband-configured PCs’f ixed
Internet IP Address
Your Subnet Mask
Your Default Gateway
Your Primary DNS Server IP address(es)
The installation technician from your ISP should have left this information with you after the installation. Or, you can call your ISP to request the data.
Once you have the above values, you can begin the Installation and Setup of your EtherFast Cable/DSL Router.
LANs and WANs
Simply put, a router is a network device that connects two networks together.
In this instance, your EtherFast Cable/DSL Router connects your Local Area
Network (LAN), or the group of PCs in your home or off ice, to the Wide Area Network (WAN), that is, the Inter net. Your Router processes and regu-
lates the data that travels between these two networks.
Think of your Router as a network device with two sides: the first side is made up of your private Local Area Network (LAN) of PCs, which this User Guide sometimes calls the “internal LAN.” The other, public side is the Internet, or the Wide Area Network (WAN), outside of your home or office.
}
Only if applicable
Since your Router is a device that connects two networks, it needs two IP addresses - one for the LAN side, and one for the WAN side. In this User Guide, you’ll see references to the “WAN IP address” and the “LAN IP address.”
Since the Router has firewall security (NAT), the only IP address that can be seen from the Internet for your network is the Router’s WAN IP address.
However, even this WAN IP address for the Router can be blocked, so that your Router and network seem invisi­ble to the Internet - see Blocking WAN Requests on page 48.
IP stands for Inter net Protocol.
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up
1. Before you begin, make sure that all of your hardware is powered off,
including your Router, PCs, hubs, switches, and the cable or DSL modem.
2. A. If you have the 4-Port Cable/DSL Router, connect one end of a net- work cable to one of the LAN ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, or 4) on the back of the Router, and the other end into a standard port on a network device, e.g., a PC, print server, hub, or switch. See page 66 for details on network cabling.
Repeat the above step to connect more PCs or network devices to the Router.
2. B. If you are connecting the 1-Port Router to just one PC, plug one end of a network cable into the Router’s LAN port and the other end into the PC’s network adapter port. Set the Crossover Switch to crossover mode (X). If the crossover mode does not light up a Link LED, see page 10.
If you are connecting the 1-Port Router to a hub or switch, plug one end of a network cable into the Router’s LAN port, and the other end into to a standard port on your network’s hub or switch. Set the LAN port’s Crossover Switch to its straight-through (II) mode.
If your hub or switch has no more standard ports available, connect the Router using its LAN por t to the Uplink port on the hub or switch. Set the Crossover Switch to straight-through mode (II) for this set-up.
2. C. If you have the 3-Port Cable/DSL Router, connect one end of a net- work cable from the one of the Router’s LAN ports (labeled 1, 2, or 3) to a port on a PC, hub, switch, or other network device.
The 3-Port Router features one USB plug-and-play port that connects instantly to any USB-ready desktop or notebook PC. This allows you to connect to and access your Router without even configuring any network cards. Use the enclosed USB cable to connect your PC to the Router: the Type A end connects to your PC’s USB port, while Type B connects to the Router’s USB port.
A standard port is any port other than the WAN port
and the Uplink port. It’s a straight-through port.
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17
Dynamic IP Addresses
A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network, e.g., PCs and print servers. These IP addresses are called “dynamic” because they are only temporarily assigned to the PC or device. After a certain time period, they expire.
If a PC logs on to the network (or the Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the DHCP server will assign it a new dynamic IP address.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Servers
PCs and other network devices using dynamic IP addressing are assigned a new IP address by a DHCP server. DHCP frees you from having to assign IP addresses manually every time a new user is added to your network.
DHCP servers can either be a designated PC on the network or another net­work device, such as the Cable/DSL Router.
By factory default, DHCP is enabled on your Router. If you already have a DHCP server running on your network, you must disable one of the two DHCP servers. If you run more than one DHCP server on your network, you will experience network errors, such as conflicting IP addresses.
To disable DHCP on your Router, see page 44.
ing Your Hardware Toging Up
Even if you assign a static IP address to a PC, that PC can still use DHCP’s dynamic IP addressing.
If the dynamic IP addressing fails to provide a dynamic IP address for any reason, that PC automatically uses its default static IP address.
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