LG LP-F8081CL, LP-F8081HL, LP-F8081ZL Service manual

1. Preface

–3–

This service manual provides various service information, containing the mechanical and electrical parts and etc. This package air conditioner was manufactured and assembled under the strict quality control system. The refrigerant is charged at the factory. Be sure to read the safety precautions prior to servicing the unit.

1.1 Safety Precautions

¤ When servicing the unit, set the main SWITCH to OFF and remove the POWER SUPPLY cables. ¤Ł Observe the original lead dress. If a short circuit is found, replace all parts which have been overheated or

damaged by the short circuit.

¤Ø After servicing the unit, make an insulation resistance test to protect the customer from being exposed to

shock hazards.

1.2 Features

¤ Design for cooling and heating ¤ŁSuper energy efficiency ¤ØMicom Control ¤ŒWhisper quiet operation ¤ºRemovable air filter ¤ 3 minute delay circuit ¤ 7 hour timer ¤ 3 step speeds for cooling/heating ¤ Auto Restart

1.3 Product Specifications

–4–

POWER SOURCE (ø, V, Hz)

COOLING CAPACITY Btu/h

INPUT W

CURRENT A

HEATING CAPACITY Btu/h

(W)

INPUT W

(W)

CURRENT A

(A)

MAKER

TYPE

COMPRESSOR MODEL

INPUT W CURRENT A CAPACITY Kcal/h

NOISE INDOOR dB(A)

LEVEL(1m) OUTDOOR

AIR INDOOR CMM

VOLUME OUTDOOR

REFRIGERANT R-22 Kg

HEAT INDOOR R/C/FPI

EXCHANGER OUTDOOR R/C/FPI

FAN INDOOR TYPE

OUTDOOR

ROOM TEMPERATURE CONTROL

NET INDOOR Kg

WEIGHT OUTDOOR

DIMENSIONS INDOOR mm

(W × H × D) OUTDOOR

SVC LIQUID Inch

VALVE GAS (mm)

3,380 – 415,50 3,380 – 415,50

71,400 71,400 20,927 20,927

6,900 7,000

12.0 13.0

–

74,000 (8,000)

–

21,680 (8,000)

–

6,500

(8,000)

–

12.5

(12.0)

COPELAND COPELAND

SCROLL SCROLL

ZR94KC – TFD ZR94KC – TFD

6,990 6,990

13.6 13.6

19,732 19,732

56 56 65 65 35 35

104 104

5.9 7.2 3/33/17 3/33/17 2/18/17 2/18/17

SIROCO SIROCO

PROPELLER PROPELLER

MICOM CONTROL MICOM CONTROL

132 132 150 150

1,050 ×1,880 ×495 1,050 ×1,880 ×495

1,000

965 ×370 1,000 ×965 ×370

5/8 5/8

1 1

MODEL

LP-F8081CL

LP-F8081HL LP-F8081ZL

(Including Electric

heater)

–5–

1.4 Functions

Indoor Unit

Power Switch ON/OFF

Operation Mode Control

Sensing the room temperature

Controlling the room temperature

Starting Current Control

Sensing Heat Exchanger Temperature

Timer Delay Safety Control

Indoor Fan Speed Control

Operation Indication lamps

Temperature Setting

Airflow Direction Control

Room temperature Display

Timer Control

• Cooling, Soft Dry, Auto, Fan ➔ Cooling Model •

Cooling, Heating, Soft Dry, Fan➔ Heat Pump Model

• Room temperature sensor (Thermistor)

• Maintains the room temperature in accordance with the setting temperature.

• Indoor fan is delayed for 3 sec at the starting.

• Heat exchanger temperature sensor (Thermistor)

• Restarting is inhibited for approx. 3 minutes.

• High, Low, Duct

• Up : up to 30°C

• Down : down to 16°C

• Airflow direction Manual control

• Low, 10° ~ 35°C, Hi

• Off Timer (1, 2, 3....7 hour)

–6–

Outdoor Unit

Deice Control

Outdoor Fan Speed Control

Sensing Heat Exchanger Temperature

• De-ice PCB

• One speed

• Heat exchanger temperature sensor (Thermistor)

2. Dimensions

–7–

Indoor Unit

Outdoor Unit

268568990

1890

1051

496

130 121

193

951

345

93.8

131

525

109.5

58.5

145.8

93.8

Air Outlet Vent

Air Inlet Vent

Window Display

Earth Screw

700

650

963

930

582

185

125

546

1245

700

260

95 80

Air Outlet Vent

Air Inlet Vent

3. Wiring Diagram

Indoor & Outdoor Unit Circuit Diagram

(1) LD-F8081CL

–8–

INDOOR UNIT CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

OR BK BL RD

RY3

CN2

CN3

DISPLAY

PCB ASM

CN1

GN/YL

CONNECT TO OUTDOOR UNIT

WH BK

GN/YL

BL BR

YL BL

CONNECT TO CONTACT "R" "N" OF OUTDOOR TERMINAL BLOCK "Tmo1"

NOTE

BL BK BR OR RD WH YL GN/YL

BLUE BLACK BROWN ORANGE RED WHITE YELLOW GREEN/YELLOW

: : : : : : : :

RY3

MAIN PCB ASM

RY2

FUSE (10A)

RY1

SUB PCB ASM

CAPACITOR

INDOOR

FAN MOTOR

ROOM

EVA

2 3 4

3 2 1

FIELD WIRING

NOTE

1. This product is 3ø,4W,380-415V,50Hz.

2. "Check List" before test run. 1st: Reconfirm the wiring connecting of compressor, outdoor unit motor. 2nd: Fasten the screw of "Terminal Block Tmo1,2" once more.

Tmo1,2 52C 51C 63H CH FMo1,2 Co1,2

TERMINAL BLOCK MAGNETIC CONTACTOR EOCR(COMP.) HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH CRANKCASE HEATER OUTDOOR FAN MOTOR RUN CAPACITOR FOR FAN(OUTDOOR)

NOTE

BLUE

BLACK

BROWN

ORANGE

RED

WHITE

YELLOW

GREEN

GN/YL

GREEN/YELLOW

Tmo1

R S T N

3Ø, 4W

380-415V, 50Hz

POWER SUPPLY

CONNECT TO INDOOR UNIT

Co1

Co2

YLBRORBKYLBROR

FMo2FMo1

52C

L1 L2

1 3 5 31

2 4 6 32

COMP

FUSE(5A)

51C

FUSE(5A)

63H

GN/YL

CONNECT TO INDOOR UNIT

GN/YL

4 5 6

Tmo2

–9–

(2) LD-F8081HL/ZL

INDOOR UNIT CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CAPACITOR

OR BK

INDOOR

FAN MOTOR

RY3 RY2

RY1

SUB PCB ASM

FUSE (10A)

DISPLAY

PCB ASM

MAIN PCB ASM

CN1

CN2

ROOM

EVA

CN3

Tmi

YL BL

3 2 1

CONNECT TO CONTACT "T" "N" OF OUTDOOR TERMINAL BLOCK "A"

Ry3

Ry6

Ry7

BKBKBK

BKWHRD

POWER SUPPLY

3Ø 380~415V

50Hz

L1 L2 L3

T1 T2 T3

1 2 3 4 5 6

5 4

Tmi

CONNECT TO OUTDOOR

(HOUSING ASM)

Option part

DEF TH EH EVA TH ROOM TH

Ry3 Ry6 Ry7 THi

Tmi TP TF

TERMINAL BLOCK(INDOOR) BIMETAL SWITCH FOR HEATER THERMAL FUSE

RELAY FOR COMP RELAY FOR HEATER RELAY FOR HEATING THERMISTOR FOR INDOOR TEMP

THERMISTER FOR DISCHARGE AIR ELECTRIC HEATER THERMISTER FOR EVA TEMP. THERMISTER FOR EVA INDOOR TEMP

NOTE

BK:BLACK BL:BLUE BR:BROWN

YL :YELLOW WH:WHITE

OUTDOOR UNIT WIRING DIAGRAM

RD RD RD

R S T N

POWER SUPPLY 3ø,380-415V,50Hz TERMINAL(4P)

CRANKCASE HEATER

FUSE (250V, 5A)

F1,2

RUN CAPACITOR FOR FMo

OUTDOOR FAN MOTOR

FMo

GN/YL

YLBRORBKYLBROR

FMo

49FMo

63H2

BK BK

WH RD RD

63H1

52C

FMo

49FMo

D.P C TH 20SV 49FMo

BKWHRD

COMP

DEICER PCB THERMISTOR FOR PIPE TEMP.(OUTDOOR) REVERSING COIL INERNAL T.P FOR FMo

BK BK

1 3 5 31 A

2 4 6 32 B

A B

52F1 63H1 63H2 49C

3.P.D

S T

WH WH

BK WH BK

20SV

RELAY FOR FMo HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH FOR HEATING INTERNAL O.L.P FOR COMP.

BL BL

NOTE

BL BK BR OR

D.P

52F1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BLUE

BLACK

BROWN

ORANGE

TM 52C

3.P.D

1 2 3 4 5 6

C TH

BR BL BR BL

GN/YL

NO NC NO

RED

WHITE

YELLOW

GN/YL : GREEN/YELLOW

MAIN TERMINAL BLOCK MAGNETIC CONTACTOR 3 PHASE DETECTOR

– 10 –

4. OPERATION DETAILS

(1) The function of main control

1. Time Delay Safety Control

• 3min

...

The compressor is ceased for 3 minutes to balance the pressure in the refrigeration cycle.

(Protection of compressor)

• 3sec

...

The indoor fan is ceased for 1~3 seconds to prevent relay noise. (Protection of fan relay and micro chip)

• 1min

...

The 4-way valve is ceased for 30 sec. to prevent the refrigerant-gas abnormal noise when the Heating operation is OFF or switched to the other operation mode.

2. Cooling Mode Operation

• When selecting the Cooling( ) Mode Operation, the unit will operate according to the setting by the controller and the operation diagram is as following

Intake Air temp.

Setting Temp. +1°C

(Compressor ON)

Setting Temp. -1°C

(Compressor OFF)

Indoor Fan Speed

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

3 minutes 3 minutes

Compressor ON OFF ON OFF ON

– 11 –

3. Auto Operation (Cooling Model only)

ƒUThe operation procedure is as following.

ƒƒUU

Auto Operation for Cooling

Press Start/Stop Button

Select Auto Operation Mode

Check the Room temperature

Operation Condition Intake-air Temperature Setting temperature Fan speed

Over 26°C 25°C

Over 24°C~below 25.5°C Intake air -1.0°C Over 22°C~below 23.5°C Intake air -0.5°C

below 21.5°C Intake air Temperature(18°C, MAX)

When Switch to

Auto Operation

Controlled

by Fuzzy logic

Intake Air Temp.

Indoor Fan Speed

Compressor ON OFF

Fuzzy Speed

ON OFF

Setting Temp. +1°C

(Compressor ON)

Setting Temp. -1°C

(Compressor OFF)

3 minutes 3 minutes

– 12 –

4. Heating Mode Operation

The unit will operate according to the setting by the remote controller and the operation diagram is shown as following.

Intake Air Temp.

Setting Temp.

(Compressor ON)

Setting Temp. -1°C

Indoor Fan Speed

Compressor

Electric Heater(Option)

OFF ON OFF OFFOFF ON OFF

OFF

LOW

Hot

Start

minimum

10sec.

minimum

1min

minimum

10sec.

OFF

A A

OFFLOW LOW

Setting Temp. +1°C (Compressor OFF)

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

• A point: The indoor pipe temperature to be less then 35°C or Discharge air Temperature to be less than 29°C. The indoor fan operates for minimum 10sec. even if the indoor pipe temperature falls lower than35°C or the discharge air Temperature falls lower than 29°C.

Low(V)Stop(VI)

39˚C

Discharge Air Temp.

Indoor Pipe Temp.

34˚C

28˚C 26˚C

Selecting Fan Speed(IV)

Low(II)Stop(I)

(Hot-Start Operating)

Heating Start

(Hot-Start Release Point)

Selecting Fan Speed(III)

¡ During heating operation, the operating procedure of the indoor fan is as the following.

Step Indoor fan speed Pipe temp. Air discharge temp.

¥ Off ≤28°C(Hot start operating) – ¥– Low ≥28°C <39°C ¥† Selecting speed ≥28°C ≥39°C ¥‡ Selecting speed ≥28°C >34°C ¥· Low ≥26°C ≤34°C ¥ Off ≤26°C –

– 13 –

5. Hot-Start Control

• The indoor fan stops until the evaporator piping temperature will be reached to 28°C.

• During heating operation, if piping temperatures fall below 26°C fan stops.

• The operation diagram is as following.

6. Defrost Control

• Defrost operation is controlled by timer and sensing temperature of outdoor pipe.

• The first defrost starts only when the outdoor pipe temperature falls below -6°C after 45 minutes passed from starting of heating operation and more than.

• Defrost ends after 10 minutes pass from starting of defrost operation or when the outdoor pipe temperature rises over 12°C even if before 10 minutes.

• The second defrost starts only when the outdoor pipe temperature falls below -6°C after 45 minutes pass from ending of the first defrost and more than.

INDOOR PIPE

TEMP.

INDOOR FAN

SPEED

Selecting

fan speed

OFF OFFLOW

1min

Maximum

COMPRESSOR ON

28°C

26°C

More than 45 minutes of

heating operation

Outdoor Pipe Temp.

Indoor Fan

Compressor 4-Way Valve

ON ON

OFF

HOT-

START

ON OFF OFFON

12°C

(Defrost OFF)

-6°C

(Defrost ON)

Within

10minutes

Defrost

More than 45 minutes of

heating operation

Less than 5 minutes

9. Child Lock function

This function is to operate Air conditioner only by Remocon. The procedure is as the following 1st: Press the 2 buttons of the temperature control simultaneously, to raise-to lower on the Display Panel of the

product for more 3 seconds.

2nd: The buzzer sounds and then the window of Display Panel shows

LLOOCC

(LOC) mark. 3rd: To release this function, the reverse again the operating procedure could be done. ¡ During this function is operating, any buttons of Display Panel don't work. But it is possible to operate with

Remote controller.

10. Off Timer Function

This function is to set the time of stopping the unit operation. The procedure is as the following.

1st: Press the timer set button on the Remocon. 2nd:

The buzzer sounds and then the display window shows the Off-Time to be set as 1:00¡

...

¡ 7:00 ¡ 0:00.

- The Off-Time is shifted as the following by each press.

- If you select '0:00', the Off-Timer function will be cancelled.

- During Off-Timer Operation, if you repress the timer set button, the rest time will be displayed.

– 14 –

8. Protection of the evaporator pipe from frosting

• Compressor and outdoor fan stop when indoor pipe temperature is below -2°C and restart at the pipe temperature is above 12°C.

7. Soft Dry Operation Mode

• During Soft Dry Operation, the compressor ON temperature is the setting temperature plus 2°C, the compressor OFF temperature is the setting temperature minus 1°C.

• When the room temperature rises over the compressor ON temperature, the operation mode is switched to the Cooling mode.

• When the room temperature falls between the compressor ON temperature and OFF temperature, the operation mode is switched to the Soft Dry Operation.

• The operation diagram is shown below.

Intake Air Temp.

Indoor Fan Speed

LOW

Selecting

fan speed

Selecting

fan speed

LOW LOW LOW LOW

Compressor OFFON ONON OFF OFF ON

LOW

OFF

Setting Temp. +2°C

(Compressor ON)

Setting Temp. -1°C

(Compresso OFF)

Operation

Cooling

operation

Dry operation

3 min. 3 min.

10 min.

maximum

7 min.

maximum

10 min.

1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 0:00

11. Alarm mode display / only displayed while operating.

CCHH 00

: The sensor for sensing room temperature is open or short.

CCHH 11

: The sensor for sensing piping temperature of evaporator is open or short.

12. Function for test operation.

This function shall be operated while the set not operating and start while set temperature set button(▼) down and start/stop buttons pressing continuously for 3 seconds. If you press start/stop button continuously for 3 seconds while set temp down button pressing once more test

operation and the set shall be stopped. After test operation operating and 18 minutes, test operation and the set shall be stopped. If you press start/stop button while test operation operating, test operation shall be stopped and the set shall

start. When test operation operating, the display of

8888::8888

shall be shifted to tESt

4-way valve is always off when test operation. Fan speed is high, air purifying system and auto air flow operations are off when test operation.

Regardless of outside temperature, the set operates when test operation. All but start/stop and air purifying system buttons cannot be set.

13. Function of changing set temperature when re-operation after stop.

Heating operation is set to the previous set temperature when re-operation after stop. Cooling operation is set to the previous set temperature when re-operation with start/stop button.

1.Operation mode. Cooling/soft dry mode → Cooling mode

Heating mode → Heating mode

2. Setting the set temperature when cooling operation.

Room temperature > Set temperature: to be set to the previous set temperature. Room temperature ≤ Set temperature a) Room temperature ≥ 26°C: to be set to 24°C b) 22°C ≤ Room temperature ≤ 25°C: to be set to 21°C c) Room temperature ≤ 21°C:to be set to -1°C less than room temperature.

3. Setting the set temperature when heating operation.

Set the previous set temperature when stopped.

14. Auto Restart

In case the power comes on again a power failure, Auto Restarting Operation is the function to operate procedures automatically to the previous operating conditions.

– 15 –

5-1.

Installation of Indoor, Outdoor unit

1) Selection of the best location ➀ Indoor unit

• There should not be any heat source or steam

near the unit.

• There should not be any obstacles to prevent the

air circulation.

• A place where air circulation in the room will be

good.

• A place where drainage can be easily obtained.

• A place where noise prevention is taken into con-

sideration.

• Do not install the unit near the door way.

• Ensure the spaces indicated by arrows from the

wall, ceiling, fence, or other obstacles.

➁ Outdoor unit

• If an awning is built over the unit to prevent direct

sunlight or rain exposure, be careful that heat radiation from the condenser is not restricted.

• There should not be any animals or plants which

could be affected by discharged hot air.

• Ensure the space indicated by arrows from the

wall, ceiling, fence, or other obstacles.

–16–

5. Installation

5cm

Indoor unit

Outdoor unit

50cm

150cm

5cm

40cm

100cm

➂ Piping length and the elevation

1" 5/8" 50 35

80K

(Btu/h)

PIPE SIZE

MODEL

GAS SIDE LIQUID SIDE

Max.

Length

A (m)

Max.

Elevation

B (m)

–17–

2) Indoor Unit installation

➀ The mounting floor should be strong and solid

enough to prevent it from vibration.

➁ Drill the piping hole with 70mm diameter hole-

core drill at either the right or the left of indoor unit. The hole should be sightly slant to the outdoor side.

3) Outdoor unit Installation

➀ Install the outdoor unit on the concrete or any

solid base securely and horizontally.

➁ If there is any vibration transmitted to the build-

ing, mount the rubber underneath the outdoor unit.

4) Refrigerant amount

Before shipment, this air conditioner is filled with the rated amount of refrigerant including additional amount required for air-purging, subject to 5m piping length. (The rated amount of refrigerant is indicated on the name plate.) But when the piping length exceeds 5 meters, additional charge is required according to the following table.

(Unit: g)

Example) 72K~80K In case of 10m long pipe(one-way), the amount of refrigerant to be replenished is:

(10 - 5) × 80 = 400g

200mm

70mm

90mm

Wall

Core Drill

MODEL

80K

REFRIGERANT CHARGE

80 per 1m

–18–

5-2. Installation Method

1) Procedure

No. Installation works Descriptions

1 Preparation of tools and installation parts Preparation of installation 2 Flaring the pipes To insert the flare nuts, mounted on the

connection parts of both indoor and

outdoor unit, onto the copper pipes. 3 Pipe bending To reduce the flow resistance of refrigerant. 4 Connection of installation parts Connection of long piping

(elbows, socket etc) 5 Tighten the flare nut (outdoor) Connecting the pipings of the outdoor unit. 6 Blowing the pipings To remove dust and scale in working. 7 Tighten the flare nut (indoor) Connecting the pipings of the indoor unit. 8 Check a gas-leakage of the connecting

part of the pipings. 9 Air purging of the piping and indoor unit The air which contains moisture and which

remains in the refrigeration cycle may cause a malfunction on the compressor

10 Open the 3-way (liquid side) and

3-way (gas side) valves.

1 1 Form the pipings To prevent heat loss and sweat 12 Checking the drainage (indoor unit) To ensure if water flow drain hose of indoor unit. 13 Connecting the cable between outdoor Preparation of the operating

and indoor unit 14 Connecting the main cable to outdoor unit 15 Supply the power to the crankcase heater To prevent the liquid back to the compressor.

(Before the operating the unit) (Heat pump only) 16 Cooling operation

(Use the remote control or display of the

indoor unit)

–19–

2) Preparation of installation parts and tools

No. Installation Parts, Tools Use

1 Pipe cutter (MAX 35mm Copper pipe) Cutting the pipings 2 Remear Remove burrs from cut edges of pipes. 3 Wrench (H5, H4 hexagonal wrench) To open the service valve 4 Pipe bender Bending the pipings 5 Leak detector Check a gas-leakage of connecting part

of the pipings 6 Manifold gauge To measure the pressure, to charge the refrigerant 7 Charge-nipple To connect the bombe 8 Vacuum pump To remove the air in the pipe. 9 Charge cylinder balance To measure the refrigerant amount

10 Bombe (Freon-22) Gas charge

Air purge

Cleaning the pipe

11 Spanner To tighten the connecting parts of the pipings 12 Monkey spanner 13 Driver( , ) 14 Benchi (150mm) Cutting the wires 15 Tapeline To measure the length 16 Core drill To make holes through the concrete wall and blocks 17 Voltmeter, Amperemeter, Clampmeter To measure the current and voltage 18 Insulation resistance tester To measure the insulation resistance 19 Glass thermometer

To measure the intake and outlet air temperature of the indoor unit

20 Copper tubes To use the connecting pipings 21 Insulation material To cover the connecting pipings 22 Tape To finish the connecting pipings 23 Electrical Leakage Breaker To shut off the main power 24 Cable To connect the cable from outdoor unit to indoor unit 27 Drain hose sockets, elbows To remote the condensing water

–20–

➀ Cut the pipes and the cable

• Use the accessory piping kit or the pipes purchased locally.

• Measure the distance between the indoor and the outdoor unit.

• Cut the pipes a little longer than measured distance.

• Cut the cable 1.5m longer than the pipe length.

➁ Remove burrs.

• Remove burrs from cut edges of pipes.

• Turn the pipe end down to avoid the metal powder entering the pipe.

Caution:

If burrs are not removed, they may cause a gas leakage.

2) Connection of piping

➀ Move the indoor tubing and drain hose to the hole

• Remove tubing holder and pull the tubing out of the chassis.

➁ Replace the tubing holder into original position ➂ Route the tubing and the drain hose staight backwards. ➃ Insert the connecting cable into the indoor unit through the hole.

• Do not connect the cable to the indoor unit

• Make a small loop with the cable for easy connection later.

➄ Tape the tubing and the connecting cable. ➅ Indoor unit installation. ➆ Connecting the pipings to the indoor unit.

• Align the center of the pipings and suffciently tighten the flare nut with fingers.

• Finally, tighten the flare nut with troque wrench until the wrench clicks. When tightening the flare nut with troque wrench, ensure the direction for tightening follows the arrow on the wrench.

90°

Pipe cutter

Slanted Rough

Pipe

Point down

Reamer

5-3. Piping of Indoor Unit

1) Preparation of piping

–21–

3) Precautions in bending

➀

If it is necessary to bend or stretch the tubing, use the spring which is attached to the tubing in

stead of pipe bender.

• Please make a careful notice to make a smooth line.

• Hold the tubing with your two hands closely and then bend or stretch it slowly not to make any crack.

• Remember that the radius (R) should not exceed 70mm (Refer to Fig. 1)

➁ Do not repeat the bending process to prevent the

tubing from cracking or crushing.

➂ Keep in mind that the bending part should not be

cracked and make the radius (R) as long as possible (Refer to Fig. 2)`

Spring

R70mm

(Fig. 1)

(Fig. 2)

5-4. Connecting Piping to Outdoor Unit

1) Connecting pipings to the outdoor unit

➀ Upon connecting 4-way valves, please weld connecting pipes using elbows instead of connecting pipes with

flare nuts.

5-5. Connecting the Cable

➀ Open the control board cover from the outdoor unit by

removing the screws.

➁

Connect wires to the terminals on the control board individually and secure the cables onto the control

board with clamp.

+ 43 hidden pages