Lenze Inverter EMC User Manual
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ctrom
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EDBEMV
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compatibility
Global Drive
Basic information on controller
applications in plants and
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© 2003 Lenze Drive Systems GmbH
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Without written approval of Lenze Drive Systems GmbH no part of these Instructions must be copied or given to third parties.
All information given in this documentation has been selected carefully and comply with the hardware and software described. Nevertheless, deviations
cannotbe ruled out. We do not take any responsibility or liabilityfor damages whichmight possibly occur.We will include necessary corrections in subsequent
editions.
Version 1.3 10/2003
Contents
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1Preface 3.............................................................
1.1 General information 3............................................................
1.2 Cost situation for EMC measures 3..................................................
2 EMC - legal foundation 4.................................................
2.1 EMC product standard for variable-speed electrical drives 4................................
2.2 Place of use 4..................................................................
2.3 EN 61800-3 requirements on interference emission 5.....................................
3 Interference range of frequency inverters 6..................................
4 EMC interference injections 7.............................................
4.1 Conductive coupling 8............................................................
4.2 Capacitive coupling 8............................................................
4.3 Inductive coupling 8.............................................................
5 Shielding 9............................................................
5.1 Shield connection 9..............................................................
5.2 Shielding - what do you need to consider? 9...........................................
5.3 Motor cables 10.................................................................
5.4 Control cables 10................................................................
6 Arrangement according to EMC requirements 11...............................
6.1 Specification for shielded cables for arrangement according to EMC 11.........................
6.1.1 Motor cable design 11....................................................
6.1.2 Cable design for DC connection and brake resistor 11.............................
6.1.3 Control cable design 11...................................................
6.2 In the control cabinet 12...........................................................
6.2.1 Mounting plate characteristics 12............................................
6.2.2 Mounting of the components 12.............................................
6.2.3 Correct cable installation 12................................................
6.2.4 Earth connection 12......................................................
6.2.5 Installing the cables within the control cabinet 13................................
6.3 Wiring according to EMC outside the control cabinet 14....................................
6.3.1 General information 14....................................................
6.3.2 Wiring on the mains side 14................................................
6.3.3 Wiring on the motor side 14................................................
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EDBEMV EN 1.3
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Contents
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7 Limiting harmonic currents in the supply system 15............................
8 Compensation equipment 17...............................................
9 Equipotential bonding 18..................................................
10 Operation with e.l.c.bs (earth-leakage circuit breakers) 19.......................
11 Leakage current for portable systems 21.....................................
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EDBEMV EN 1.3
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Preface and general information
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1 Preface
1.1 General information
Our technological world relies ever more on the use of electronic circuits. Frequency inverters, bus
systems, measuring sensors etc. are expected to mesh satisfactorily under minimum space
requirements.
This is possible only if an acceptable degree of electromagnetic compatibility - EMC - is ensured.
In this context, it is mainly up to the system designer / equipment manufacturer to ensure the
electromagnetic compatibility of system design and wiring.
Thorough assessment of the EMC problem requires profound knowledge of the causes and effects
of EMC interference. This knowledge allows optimum EMC measures to be derived. This brochure
is therefore intended to serve as a guide.
1.2 Cost situation for EMC measures
Design phase Commissioning
100
Cost factor
10
1
Fig. 1 Project of EMC measures - cost d evelopment
Any required EMC measure must be integrated as early as during the design phase.
phase
Operating
phase
Time of implementation
l
Considering the EMC measures during the design phase results in considerable cost saving. In the
commissioning and operating phase these costs rise considerably.
EDBEMV EN 1.3
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EMC - legal foundation
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2 EMC - legal foundation
The legal foundation is the EMC Directive and its implementation by the respective EU member
states’ existing national law. In Germany, this is the German EMC Act, in force since 1996, and the
rules and regulations of its application.
The gist of its central requirement is that the operation of electrical and electronic equipment,
systems, or devices must not produce any impermissible mutual interferences.
Within the meaning of the requirements arising from the EMC Directive, there may be varying
interpretations at the time of product rating. The EMC behaviour of an electrical or electronic device
is essentially determined by
z
its interference emissions
z
its immunity to interference.
As far as the EMC characteristic s of a product are concerned, the manufacturer and / or the party
introducing it to the market is always obliged to meet special requirements with respect to
information. In their documentation (Operating Instructions), Lenze specify conformity to standards
and provide detailed installation instructions.
2.1 EMC product standard for variable-speed electrical drives
EN 61800-3 defines limit values and test procedures for drives and
z
covers the electrical drive system from the mains connection to the motor shaft end,
z
takes into consideration
– various distribution channels,
– various environments (residential / industrial),
– external connections and internal interfaces.
It defines assessment criteria for the operational behaviour on interference at the external
connections and internal interfaces and includes requirements to be met by the immunity to
interference in accordance with the environment at the plac e of use.
2.2 Place of use
The place of use is divided into two so-called environments:
Environment 1
Residential, business, and industrial: Environment that contains residential areas and facilities that
are connected directly without adapter transformer to a low-voltage mains that supplies residential
buildings.
Environment 1
Industrial: Facilities that are not directly connected to a low-voltage mains supplying residential
areas.
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EDBEMV EN 1.3
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EMC - legal foundation
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2.3 EN 61800-3 requirements on interference emission
EN 61800-3 defines limit values depending on the environments at the place of use.
For the low-frequency range (< 9 kHz), limit values are defined for
z
harmonic s (EN 61000-3-2/ -12)
z
voltage fluctuations / flickering (EN 61000-3-3/-11)
z
mains voltage commutation notches (EN 60146-1-1)
For the high-frequency range (> 9 kHz), limit values are defined for
z
interference voltages (EN 55011 or EN 55022)
z
interfering radiations (EN 55011 or EN 55022)
In addition to the functional task of a component, machine or system, EMC measures, too, must be
taken into consideration as early as during the planning phase. Only during that stage c an EMC
measures be integrated with maximum cost efficiency. During the test phase or as late as during
operation, the possible measures are drastically reduced, resulting in rising costs (see section 1.2).
The ultimately responsible for adherence to the standards (CE mark) is the party who ” introduces
a machine or system to the market” . It is therefore essential that the manufacturer or builder of a
machine or system takes steps to ensure as early as during component acquisition that EMC
measures are considered and information is available as to how to reach compliance with the EMC
Directive.
Interference level
Tolerance range of
immunity to interference
Interference level causing malfunctions:
Malfunctions of devices or systems
Interference level causing no malfunction
(threshold of immunity):
Standardised level of immunity to interference, up to
which a device or system operates without malfunction
Electromagnetically compatible interference level:
Maximum interference level to be expected in any
environment
Interfering radiation limit:
Maximum interfering radiation level which a
device is allowed to emit
Fig. 2 Requirements for interference emission
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Frequency
EDBEMV EN 1.3
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Interference ranges for frequency inverters
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3 Interference range of frequency inverters
Overview - frequency inverter interference ranges
Mains current harmonics Interference emission
Conducted Conducted Non-conducted (interference)
Frequency range 0 ... 2.5 m 150 kHz ... 30 MHz 30 MHz ... 1 GHz
Cause Non-sinusoidal mains current High-speed switching of output
Effect
Countermeasures
Standards f or limit class
A (industrial)
Standards f or limit class
B (residential)
•
Increased eff. mains current
•
Additional temperature rise in
mains supply transformers
•
Mains choke
•
PFC (Power-Factor-Correction)
EN 61800-3 EN 55011 EN 55011
EN 61000-3-2: Electrical
equipment
•
Mains current < 16 A or
•
Input power < 1 kW
stages and switched-mode power
supplies. Their electrical
connection results in interference
injection to the mains input.
Interference injection on the
mains side into other
consumers on the same mains
(electrical connection)
RFI filter on the mains side
(internal / external)
EN 55022 EN 55022
The switching edges of output stages
with high rate of voltage rise include
high-frequency harmonics that, as
”transmitters”, emit interferences in
connection with the mot or cables
(aerials).
Interfering radiation of inverter and motor
cable to other nearby high-resistance
control signal cables
•
Shielding of inverter and motor cable
•
Continuous shield
•
Optimum shield connection
•
Short unshielded wire ends
Fig. 3 Pow er unit of the DC bus inverter
Uncontrolled input rectifier
DC b us
Three-phase inverter
c Power-on protection
d DC bus capacitors
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