Lantronix SW 94000 User Manual
XPress-Pro SW 94000
User Guide
Part Number 900-507
Revision A May 2007
Copyright & Trademark
© 2005, Lantronix. All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be
transmitted or reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of
Lantronix. Printed in the United States of America.
Ethernet is a trademark of XEROX Corporation. UNIX is a registered trademark of The
Open Group. Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, and Windows NT are
trademarks of Microsoft Corp. Netscape is a trademark of Netscape Communications
Corporation.
Contacts
Lantronix Corporate Headquarters
15353 Barranca Parkway
Irvine, CA 92618, USA
Phone: 949-453-3990
Fax: 949-453-3995
Technical Support
Online: www.lantronix.com/support
Sales Offices
For a current list of our domestic and international sales offices, go to the Lantronix web
site at www.lantronix.com/about/contact
.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 2
Contents
1: Preface 6
2: Product Overview 7
Xpress-Pro SW94000 Switch___________________________________________ 7
Package Contents ___________________________________________________ 7
Product Highlights ___________________________________________________ 7
Front Panel Display __________________________________________________ 9
Physical Ports _____________________________________________________ 10
Basic Features __________________________________________________________ 7
Management Support_____________________________________________________ 8
UNICAST SWITCHING __________________________________________________ 11
MULTICAST SWITCHING ________________________________________________ 12
Broadcast Containment __________________________________________________ 13
Multicast-Based Multimedia Applications _____________________________________ 13
Enhanced Security ______________________________________________________ 14
VLAN Membership ______________________________________________________ 14
VLAN CONFIGURATION_________________________________________________ 14
Intra-VLAN Communication _______________________________________________ 15
Inter-VLAN Communication _______________________________________________ 15
GVRP____________________________________________________________ 15
IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering ________________________________ 15
Switch Management ________________________________________________ 16
3: Installation 17
Selecting a Site for the Switch _________________________________________ 17
DIN Rail Mounting __________________________________________________ 17
Connecting to Power ________________________________________________ 18
12VDC DC Jack ________________________________________________________ 18
Redundant DC Terminal Block Power Inputs__________________________________ 18
Alarms for Power Failure _________________________________________________ 19
Power-on Self test (POST)________________________________________________ 19
Connecting to Your Network __________________________________________ 20
Cable Type & Length ____________________________________________________ 20
Cabling _______________________________________________________________ 21
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 3
1: Preface
4: Switch Management 22
Management Access Overview ________________________________________ 22
Administration console via RS-232 serial port _________________________________ 22
Web-based browser interface _____________________________________________ 23
External SNMP-based network management application ________________________ 23
Administration Console ______________________________________________ 23
Direct Access __________________________________________________________ 23
Modem Access_________________________________________________________ 24
Web Management __________________________________________________ 24
Netscape Navigator _____________________________________________________ 24
Internet Explorer________________________________________________________ 25
SNMP-Based Network Management ____________________________________ 25
Protocols _________________________________________________________ 25
Management Architecture ____________________________________________ 25
5: Menu-Driven Console Management 27
Logging on to the switch _____________________________________________ 27
At the screen prompt ____________________________________________________ 27
Switch Management Screen __________________________________________ 28
Navigating Through the Console Interface____________________________________ 29
Performing Basic Management Activities_________________________________ 29
To Perform Basic Management Activities: ____________________________________ 29
Performing Advanced Management Activities _____________________________ 35
To Perform Advanced Management Activities: ________________________________ 35
Logout ___________________________________________________________ 67
Save Settings______________________________________________________ 67
Restore Default Settings _____________________________________________ 67
Reboot ___________________________________________________________ 67
6: Web-Based Browser Management 68
Logging on to the switch _____________________________________________ 68
Understanding the Browser Interface____________________________________ 69
Performing File Activities _____________________________________________ 69
To perform File Activities:_________________________________________________ 69
Performing Basic Setup Activities ______________________________________ 71
To perform Basic Setup Activities: __________________________________________ 71
Performing Advanced Setup Activities___________________________________ 76
To perform Advanced Setup Activities: ______________________________________ 76
7: SNMP & RMON Management 101
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 4
1: Preface
Overview ________________________________________________________ 101
SNMP Agent and MIB-2 (RFC 1213)___________________________________ 101
RMON MIB (RFC 1757) and Bridge MIB (RFC 1493) ______________________ 102
RMON Groups Supported _______________________________________________ 102
8: Specifications and Standards 104
A: Connector Pinouts 106
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 5
1: Preface
This manual describes how to install and use the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch. The
switch integrates full wire speed switching technology with SNMP/RMON web-based
management functions. Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch brings the answer to complicated
hardened networking environments.
To get the most out of this manual, you should have an understanding of Ethernet
networking concepts.
In this manual, you will find:
Features on the switch
Illustrative LED functions
Installation instructions
Management Configuration
SNMP…
Specifications
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 6
2: Product Overview
Xpress-Pro SW94000 Switch
Front View
Package Contents
When you unpack the product package, you shall find the items listed below. Please
inspect the contents, and report any apparent damage or missing items immediately to
your authorized reseller.
This Management Switch
User’s Manual
External power adapter
Product Highlights
Basic Features
Provide:
− Eight 10/100BaseTX ports
− Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 100BaseFX port
− Six 10/100BaseTX ports + two 100BaseFX ports
− Four 10/100BaseTX ports + four 100BaseFX ports
− Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 10/100/1000BaseTX port
− Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 1000BaseSX/LX port
100BaseFX Multi-mode fiber using SC or ST connector up to 2km; single-mode fiber
using SC or ST connector up to 75km; WDM single-mode fiber using SC connector
up to 40km
1000BaseSX Multi-mode fiber using SC connector up to 550m; 1000BaseLX single-
mode fiber using SC connector up to 60km
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 7
2: Product Overview
Auto-negotiation for speed and duplexity on all RJ-45 ports
Auto MDI/MDIX on all RJ-45 ports
Full wire-speed forwarding rate
Store-and-forward mechanism
Back-pressure and IEEE 802.3x compliant flow control
Support 4K MAC addresses
Provide 256K bytes memory buffer
Meet NEMA TS1/2 environmental requirements for traffic control equipment
Meet IEC61000-6-2 EMC Generic Standard Immunity for industrial environment
Alarms of power failure by relay output
Operating voltage and Max. current consumption: 24VDC @ 0.77A
Power consumption: 18.48W Max
Power Supply: Redundant DC Terminal Block power inputs
Support DIN-Rail installation
Front panel port status LEDs
Management Support
VLAN
Port-based VLAN
802.1Q tagged VLAN
Trunking
Port-based Trunking
Port Security
Limit number of MAC addresses learned per port Load
Static MAC addresses stay in the filtering table
Port-Mirroring
Port-mirroring provided through dedicated port, Port 1
QOS (Quality of Service)
Support IEEE802.1p Quality of Service
CoS (IEEE802.1p Classification of Service)
Packet transmission scheduled using Weighted Round Robin (WRR)
Classification of packet priority can be based on either a VLAN tag on packet or a
user-definable port priority
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 8
Internetworking Protocols
Bridging: 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree
802.1p/Q – GARP/GVRP
IP Multicast:IGMP Snooping
VLANs & IP Multicast sessions
Bandwidth Control
Rate Control
Network Management Methods
Console port access via RS-232 cable
Telnet remote access
SNMP agent:
− MIB-2 (RFC1213)
− Bridge MIB (RFC1493)
− RMON MIB (RFC1757) – statistics, history, alarm and events
− VLAN MIB (802.1Q/RFC2674)
− Private MIB
Java applet-based MIB browser
2: Product Overview
Web browser support based on HTTP server and CGI parser
TFTP software-upgrade capability
Front Panel Display
cPower Status (PWR1, PWR2)
These LEDs come on when the switch is properly connected to power and turned on.
dPort Status LEDs
The LEDs display status for each respective port.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 9
LED State Indication
10/100TX or 100FX
2: Product Overview
LNK/ACT
(Green)
100
(Yellow)
10/100/100TX or 1000SX/LX
1000
(Green)
ACT
(Yellow)
Physical Ports
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch provides:
Eight 10/100BaseTX ports
Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 100BaseFX port
Steady
Flashing
Steady
A valid network connection established.
LNK stands for LINK.
Transmitting or receiving data.
ACT stands for ACTIVITY.
Light solid green for a port transferring at 100Mbps.
Off The port is transferring at 10Mbps If this LED is dark.
Steady
Light solid green for a port transferring at 1000Mbps.
Off The port is not transferring at 1000Mbps If this LED is dark.
Transmitting or receiving data.
Flashing
ACT stands for ACTIVITY.
Off Neither transmitting nor receiving data.
Six 10/100BaseTX ports + two 100BaseFX ports
Four 10/100BaseTX ports + four 100BaseFX ports
Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 10/100/1000BaseTX port
Eight 10/100BaseTX ports + one 1000BaseSX/LX port
Connectivity
RJ-45 connectors
ST or SC connector on 100BaseFX fiber port.
SC connector on 1000BaseSX/LX fiber port.
Mode Selection
10BaseT full-duplex mode
10BaseT half-duplex mode
100BaseTX full-duplex mode
100BaseTX half-duplex mode
100BaseFX full-duplex mode
1000BaseT/SX/LX full-duplex mode
Auto-sensing mode
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 10
2: Product Overview
Notes:
Half-duplex mode uses back pressure flow control to prevent the receiving buffer
from being overrun by data from a source node.
Full-duplex mode uses 802.3x flow control standard to prevent fast data traffic from
overrunning slow data traffic.
Auto-sensing mode is in use after auto-negotiating with the other end of the
link.Basic Functions
In general, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch is responsible for switching both VLAN
tagged and untagged frames from a receiving port to one or more transmitting ports. The
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch performs multiple steps during the switching process:
VLAN classification
Learning
Filtering
Forwarding
Aging
Below is additional information about tasks that the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch
performs during unicast and multicast switching.
UNICAST SWITCHING
VLAN Classification
When the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch receives a frame, it classifies the frame in one of
two ways:
If the frame is untagged, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch classifies the frame to an
associated VLAN.
If the frame is tagged, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch uses the tagged VLAN ID to
identify the broadcasting domain of the frame.
Learning
After VLAN classification, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks the <source MAC
address, VLAN> pair in the switching database (SDB) to see whether the <source MAC
address, VLAN> pair is known.
If it is unknown, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch inserts the <source MAC address,
VLAN> into the SDB and learns the <source MAC address, VLAN>.
If it is known, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks the <source MAC address,
VLAN> for a mismatched port ID. If the port ID associated with the <source MAC
address, VLAN> pair in the SDB is different than the receiving port, the switch modifies
the port ID in the SDB and modifies its management database (MDB) accordingly.
Filtering
After learning the address, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks:
Whether the source port or destination port is in the forwarding state.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 11
2: Product Overview
Whether the source MAC address or destination MAC address is to be filtered.
Whether the source port ID is the same as destination port ID.
If any of these conditions are met, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch drops the receiving
packet. Otherwise, it continues with the forwarding process described below.
Forwarding
During the forwarding process, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks whether the
<destination MAC address, VLAN> pair is unknown.
If it is unknown, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch floods the receiving frame to all ports in
the VLAN, excluding the source port.
If it is known, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch forwards the receiving frame to the port
associated with the <destination MAC address, VLAN> pair. At the same time, the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch ascertains the individual’s port’s VLAN tagging/untagging
configuration and corresponding VLAN ID to render the appropriate frame tagging when
the frame is ready to be transmitted.
MULTICAST SWITCHING
For multicast switching, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks whether the received
frame is a BPDU. If a BPDU is received, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch forwards the
frame to the CPU for processing by the spanning tree protocol. Otherwise, the XpressPro SW 94000 switch performs the following processes:
VLAN classification
Same as for unicast switching.
Learning
Same as for unicast switching.
Filtering
After learning the address, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch checks:
Whether the source port or destination port is not in the forwarding state.
Whether the source MAC address or destination MAC address is to be filtered.
If any of these conditions are met, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch drops the receiving
packet. Otherwise, it continues with the forwarding process described below.
Forwarding
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch floods the received multicast frame to all ports that are
in forwarding state within the VLAN, excluding the source port. At the same time, the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch ascertains the individual port’s VLAN tagging/untagging
configuration and corresponding VLAN ID to render the appropriate frame tagging when
the frame is ready to be transmitted.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 12
2: Product Overview
Aging
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch performs the aging process for the <MAC addresses,
VLAN> pair in the switching database. Once a <MAC address, VLAN> pair is aged out,
the SDB is modified.
Spanning Tree
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch supports one Spanning Tree per bridged
network.VLAN
A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a network of computers that behave as if they are connected to
the same wire, even though they may actually be physically located on different
segments of a LAN. VLANs are analogous to a group of end stations, perhaps on
multiple physical LAN segments that are not constrained by their physical location and
can communicate as if they were on a common LAN.
VLANs are configured through software rather than hardware, which makes them
extremely flexible. One of the biggest advantages of VLANs is that when a computer is
physically moved to another location, it can stay on the same VLAN without any
hardware reconfiguration.
Because VLANs are not limited by the hardware constraints that physically connect
traditional LAN segments to a network, they can define a network into various logical
configurations. For example, VLANs can define a network by application. In this scenario,
a company might create one VLAN for multimedia users and another for email users.
VLANs can also define a network by department. For example, a company might have
one VLAN for its Engineering Department, another for its Marketing Department, and
another for its Account Payable Department.
VLANs can also be set up according to the organization structure within a company. For
example, the company president might have his/her own VLAN, the executive staff might
have a different VLAN, and the remaining employees might have yet a different VLAN.
As these examples show, VLANs offer unparalleled flexibility. The following sections
describe how deploying VLANs can benefit organizations and reduce administration
costs.
Broadcast Containment
In traditional networks, traffic broadcasts to all network devices, whether they are the
intended recipients or not. However, VLANs can be set up to contain only those devices
that need to communicate with each other. As a result, VLANs significantly reduce
network congestion. In addition, VLANs prevent broadcast storms from causing network
meltdown due to volumes of traffic.
Multicast-Based Multimedia Applications
Multimedia applications, such as interactive training, video conferencing, and news-video
transmissions, require large amounts of bandwidth. These applications are also
extremely sensitive to variable delays, which are unavoidable on a shared Ethernet
network. By defining a VLAN based on the IP multicast address for all subscribing
members on the VLAN, sufficient bandwidth will be available for these application,
providing true multimedia on Ethernet.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 13
2: Product Overview
Enhanced Security
Because VLANs are self-contained, only the devices within the same VLAN can
communicate with each other. If a device in one VLAN wants to communicate with a
device in another VLAN, the traffic must go through a router.
VLAN Membership
VLAN implementation allows:
VLANs across multiple switches by using explicit or implicit tagging and the GARP/GVRP
protocol defined in IEEE802.1p and 802.1Q.
An end station’s network interface card may belong to multiple VLANs.
A switch port may be associated with multiple VLANs.
Definitions of VLAN Membership
VLAN implementation allows VLAN membership to be defined based on ports. Portbased VLANs are organized by physical port number. For example, switch ports 1, 2, 4
and 6 can be grouped on VLAN, while server ports 3, 5, 7 and 8 can be on another
VLAN. Broadcasts from servers within each group would only go to the members of its
own VLAN. This ensures that broadcast storms cannot cause a network meltdown due to
traffic volume.
VLAN Membership Learning
Port-based VLAN is defined using a static binding between a VLAN and its associated
ports. The switch’s forwarding decision is based on the destination MAC address and its
associated port ID. Therefore, to make valid forwarding and flooding decisions, the switch
learns the relationship of the MAC address to its related port – and thus to the VLAN – at
runtime.
Remote VLAN Learning
In addition to providing network management tools that allow network administrators to
statically add and delete VLAN member ports, the switch also supports GVRP (GARP
VLAN Registration Protocol). GVRP allows for dynamic registration of VLAN port
members within switch and across multiple switches.
Other than supporting dynamic updating of registration entries in a switch, GVRP is used
to communicate VLAN registration information to other VLAN-aware switches, so that a
VLAN member can cover a wide span of switches on a network.
GVRP allows both VLAN-aware workstations and switches to issue and revoke VLAN
memberships. VLAN-aware switches register and propagate VLAN membership to all
ports that belong to the active topology of the VLAN.
VLAN CONFIGURATION
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch provides a Local/Remote Management Console
Interface for VLAN configuration and management An SNMP-based VLAN MIB is also
provided.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 14
GVRP
2: Product Overview
Intra-VLAN Communication
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch supports intra-VLAN communication through
hardware, as described in “Basic Functions” section.
Inter-VLAN Communication
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch supports inter-VLAN communication using CPU-based
routing software
In addition to network management tools that allow network administrators to statically
add and delete VLAN member ports, the routing switch supports GARP VLAN
Registration Protocol (GVRP). GVRP supports dynamic registration of VLAN port
members within a switch and across multiple switches.
In addition to dynamically updating registration entries within a switch, GVRP is used to
communicate VLAN registration information to other VLAN-aware switches, so that
members of a VLAN can cover a wide span of switches on a network.
GVRP allows both VLAN-aware workstations and switches to issue and revoke VLAN
memberships. VLAN-aware switches register and propagate VLAN membership to all
ports that are part of the active topology of the VLAN.
IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) runs between hosts and their
immediately neighboring multicast routers. The protocol’s mechanisms allow a host to
inform its local router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific
multicast group.
Routers periodically query the LAN to determine if known group members are still active.
If there is more than one router on the LAN performing IP multicasting, one of the routers
is elected “querier” and assumes the responsibility of querying the LAN for group
members.
Based on the group membership information learned from the IGMP, a router can
determine which (if any) multicast traffic needs to be forwarded to each of its “leaf” subnetworks. Multicast routers use this information, along with a multicast routing protocol, to
support IP multicasting across the Internet.
IGMP provides the final step in an IP multicast packet delivery service since it is only
concerned with the forwarding of multicast traffic from the local route to group members
on directly attached sub-networks.
Routing switches support IP Multicast Filtering by:
Passively snooping on the IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred
between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast host groups to learn IP Multicast group
members, and
Actively sending IGMP Query messages to solicit IP Multicast group members.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 15
The purpose of IP multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network’s performance, so
multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports containing multicast group hosts
members and routers instead of flooding to all ports in the subnet (VLAN).
Routing switches with IP multicast filtering/switching capability not only passively monitor
IGMP Query and Report messages, DVMRP Probe messages, PIM, and MOSPF Hello
messages; they also actively send IGMP Query messages to learn locations of multicast
routers and member hosts in multicast groups within each VLAN.
Note, however, IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast packets. Since IGMP is
not concerned with the delivery of IP multicast packets across sub-networks, an external
IP multicast router is needed if IP multicast packets have to be routed across different
sub-networks.
Switch Management
Administration console via RS-232 serial port
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch provides an onboard serial port, which allows the
switch to be configured via a directly connected terminal or a Telnet session.
2: Product Overview
Web-based browser interface
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch also hosts a point-and-click browser-based interface
that lets users access full switch configuration and functionality from a Netscape or
Internet Explorer browser.
External SNMP-based network management application
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch can also be configured via SNMP.For more
information on switch management, refer to the “Switch Management” section.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 16
3: Installation
This chapter gives step-by-step instructions about how to install the Xpress-Pro SW
94000 switch:
Selecting a Site for the Switch
As with any electric device, you should place the s Xpress-Pro SW 94000 witch where it
will not be subjected to extreme temperatures, humidity, or electromagnetic interference.
Specifically, the site you select should meet the following requirements:
The ambient temperature should be between -34 to 74 degrees Celsius.
The relative humidity should be less than 95 percent, non-condensing.
Surrounding electrical devices should not exceed the electromagnetic field (RFC)
standards.
Make sure that the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch receives adequate ventilation. Do
not block the ventilation holes on each side of the s Xpress-Pro SW 94000 witch or
the fan exhaust port on the rear of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
The power outlet should be within 1.8 meters of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
DIN Rail Mounting
Fix the DIN rail attachment plate to the back panel of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
Installation: Place the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch on the DIN rail from above using the
slot. Push the front of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch toward the mounting surface until
it audibly snaps into place.
Removal: Pull out the lower edge and then remove the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch
from the DIN rail.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 17
3: Installation
Connecting to Power
Redundant DC Terminal Block Power Inputs or 12VDC DC Jack:
12VDC DC Jack
1. Connect the supplied AC to DC power adapter to the receptacle on the topside of the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
2. Connect the power cord to the AC to DC power adapter and attach the plug into a
standard AC outlet with the appropriate AC voltage.
Redundant DC Terminal Block Power Inputs
There are two pairs of power inputs for use with redundant power sources. You only need
to have one power input connected to run the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 18
3: Installation
1. Connect the DC power cord to the plug-able terminal block on the Xpress-Pro SW
94000 switch, and then plug it into a standard DC outlet.
2. Disconnect the power cord if you want to shut down the Xpress-Pro SW 94000
switch.
Alarms for Power Failure
1. \There are two pins on the terminal block used for power failure detection. It provides
the normally closed output when the power source is active. Use this as a dry contact
application to send a signal for power failure detection.
The Terminal Block
PWR1 Power Input 1 (+24VDC)
GND Power Ground
PWR2 Power Input 2 (+24VDC)
GND Power Ground
Earth Ground
The relay opens if PWR1 or PWR2
fails (1A)
Caution: The relay output is normal open position when there is no power to the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch. Please do not connect any power source to this
terminal to prevent shorting your power supply.
Power-on Self test (POST)
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 Switch performs its Power-On Self Test (POST) when the
power is switched on. During the POST, the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch CPU will:
Perform a series of diagnostic procedures to make sure the basic system is functioning
properly.
A command line prompts when you press the Esc key on a terminal connected to the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch serial port during the POST process. Then you can execute
the following options:
Download runtime software from serial port0
This will download the runtime system image to the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch via the
serial port. Before selecting this option, make sure:
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 19
3: Installation
A host system is running a terminal emulation program that supports the Kermit file
transfer protocol.
The host system’s hard drive has the required binary file that will be downloaded to the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch.
Configure the system
This option lets you modify any configurable parameter in the switch’s flash ROM before
the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch system boots.
Run manufacturing diagnostics
This option is to download the manufacturer’s diagnostics. Refer to Download Runtime
Software for download requirements.
When the file transfer is completed, the target system jumps to the entry point of the
diagnostic program and starts executing the diagnostic code. The Main Menu of the
diagnostic program appears where you can initiate tests or obtain system information.
Note that user intervention is not required when a test runs, unless an error occurs. If an
error occurs during testing, you are given the choice of continuing the diagnostics or skip
the error.
Connecting to Your Network
Cable Type & Length
It is necessary to follow the cable specifications below when connecting the Xpress-Pro
SW 94000 switch to your network. Use appropriate cables that meet your speed and
cabling requirements.
Cable Specifications
Speed Connector Port Speed
Half/Full Duplex
10BaseT RJ-45 10/20 Mbps 2-pair UTP/STP Cat. 3, 4, 5 100 m
100BaseTX RJ-45 100/200 Mbps 2-pair UTP/STP Cat. 5 100 m
1000BaseT RJ-45 2000 Mbps 4-pair UTP/STP Cat. 5 100 m
100BaseFX ST, SC 100/200 Mbps MMF (50 or 62.5µm) 2 km
100BaseFX ST, SC 100/200 Mbps SMF (9 or 10µm) 15, 40, or 75 km
1000BaseSX SC 2000 Mbps MMF (50 or 62.5µm) 550 m
1000BaseLX SC 2000 Mbps SMF (9 or 10µm) 10, 20, or 60 km
Cable Max.
Distance
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 20
Cabling
3: Installation
1. First, ensure the power of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch and end devices is
turned off.
Note: Always ensure that the power is off before any installation.
2. Prepare cable with corresponding connectors for each type of port in use.
Note: To connect two regular RJ-45 ports between switches or hubs, you
need a cross-over cable.
3. Consult Table 3 in previous section for cabling requirements based on connectors
and speed.
4. Connect one end of the cable to the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch and the other end
to a desired device.
5. Once the connections between two end devices are made successfully, turn on the
power and the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch is operational.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 21
4: Switch Management
This chapter explains the methods that you can use to configure management access to
the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch. It describes the types of management applications and
the communication and management protocols that deliver data between your
management device (workstation or personal computer) and the system. It also contains
information about port connection options.
This chapter covers the following topics:
Management Access Overview
Key Concepts
Key Guidelines for Implementation
Administration Console Access
Web Management Access
SNMP Access
Standards, Protocols, and Related Reading
Management Access Overview
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch gives you the flexibility to access and manage the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch using any or all of the following methods.
The administration console and web browser interface support are embedded in the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch software and are available for immediate use.
Administration console via RS-232 serial port
Advantages
No IP address or subnet needed
Text-based
Telnet functionality and HyperTerminal built into Windows
95/98/NT/2000 operating systems
Disadvantages
Must be near switch or use dial-up connection
Inconvenient for remote users
Modem connection may prove to be unreliable or slow
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 22
4: Switch Management
Web-based browser interface
Advantages
Ideal for configuring the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch remotely
Compatible with all popular browsers
Can be accessed from any location
Most visually appealing
Disadvantages
Security can be compromised (hackers need only know the IP address and subnet
mask)
May encounter lag times on poor connections
External SNMP-based network management application
Advantages
Communicates with the s Xpress-Pro SW 94000 witch functions at the MIB level
Based on open standards
Disadvantages
Requires SNMP manager software
Least visually appealing of all three methods
Some settings require calculations
Security can be compromised (hackers need only know the community name)
Administration Console
The administration console is an internal, character-oriented, menu-driven user interface
for performing system administration such as displaying statistics or changing option
settings.
Using this method, you can view the administration console from a terminal, personal
computer, Apple Macintosh, or workstation connected to the Xpress-Pro SW 94000
switch’s console port.
There are two ways to use this management method: direct access or modem access.
The following sections describe these methods.
Direct Access
Direct access to the administration console is achieved by directly connecting a terminal
or a PC equipped with a terminal-emulation program (such as HyperTerminal) to the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch console port.
When using the management method, configure the terminal-emulation program to use
the following parameters (you can change these settings after login):
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 23
4: Switch Management
[Default parameters]
115,200bps
8 data bits
No parity
1 stop bit
This management method is often preferred because you can remain connected and
monitor the system during system reboots. Also, certain error messages are sent to the
serial port, regardless of the interface through which the associated action was initiated.
A Macintosh or PC attachment can use any terminal-emulation program for connecting to
the terminal serial port. A workstation attachment under UNIX can use an emulator such
as TIP.
Modem Access
You can access the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch’s administration console from a PC or
Macintosh using an external modem attached to the console port. The Xpress-Pro SW
94000 switch management program provides Console Port screen, accessible from the
Basic Management screen, which lets you configure parameters for modem access.
When you have configured the external modem from the administration console, the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch transmits characters that you have entered as output on
the modem port. The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch echoes characters that it receives as
input on the modem port to the current administration console session. The console
appears to be directly connected to the external modem.
Web Management
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch provides a browser interface that lets you configure
and manage the switch remotely.
After you set up your IP address for the switch, you can access the Xpress-Pro SW
94000 switch’s web interface applications directly in your web browser by entering the IP
address of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch. You can then use your web browser to list
and manage switch configuration parameters from one central location, just as if you
were directly connected to the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch’s console port.
Web Management requires either Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.01 or later or Netscape
Navigator 4.03 or later.
Netscape Navigator
If you use Netscape Navigator 4.03 or 4.04, install the Netscape JDK 1.1 Patch.
Download the patch from:
http://help.hetscape.com/filelib.html#smartupdate
If you encounter problems accessing Help files when you use Netscape, clear the
browser memory cache and disk cache, and restart the browser.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 24
4: Switch Management
Internet Explorer
If you use Internet Explorer, install the latest 4.01 Service Pack 1. This service pack
makes Internet Explorer Year 2000 compliant and fixes other product-support issues.
Download the 4.01 Service Pack 1 from the following location:
http://www.microsoft.com/msdownload/iebuild/ie4sp1_win32/en/ie4sp1_win32.htm
If the above link is unavailable, download the service pack from the Microsoft home page:
http://www.microsoft.com
SNMP-Based Network Management
You can use an external SNMP-based application to configure and manage the XpressPro SW 94000 switch. This management method requires the SNMP agent on the
Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch and the SNMP Network Management Station to use the
same community string. This management method, in fact, uses two community strings:
the get community string and the set community string. If the SNMP Network
management station only knows the set community string, it can read and write to the
MIBs. However, if it only knows the get community string, it can only read MIBs. The
default get and set community strings for the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch are public.
Protocols
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch supports the following protocols:
Virtual terminal protocols, such as Telnet
A virtual terminal protocol is a software program, such as Telnet, that allows you to
establish a management session from a Macintosh, a PC, or a UNIX workstation.
Because Telnet runs over TCP/IP, you must have at least one IP address configured on
the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch before you can establish access to it with a virtual
terminal protocol.
Note: Terminal emulation is different from a virtual terminal protocol in that you
must connect a terminal directly to the console port.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
SNMP is the standard management protocol for multivendor IP networks. SNMP
supports transaction-based queries that allow the protocol to format messages and to
transmit information between reporting devices and data-collection programs. SNMP runs
on top of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), offering a connectionless-mode service.
Management Architecture
All of the management application modules use the same Messaging Application
Programming Interface (MAPI). By unifying management methods with a single MAPI,
configuration parameters set using one method (e.g. console port) are immediately
displayed the other management methods (e.g. SNMP agent of web browser).
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 25
4: Switch Management
The management architecture of the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch adheres to the IEEE
open standard. This compliance assures customers that the Xpress-Pro SW 94000
switch is compatible with, and will interoperate with other solutions that adhere to the
same open standard.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 26
5: Menu-Driven Console Management
The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch provides a menu-driven console interface for
configuration purposes. The Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch can be configured either
locally through its RS-232 port or remotely via a Telnet session.
This chapter describes how to configure the Xpress-Pro SW 94000 switch using its
menu-driven console.
Logging on to the switch
At the screen prompt
Switch Console Login:
Password:
Login name
Enter the console interface factory default console name admin.
Password
Enter the factory default password (no password, press <Enter> directly). Or enter a
user-defined password if you followed the instructions later and changed the factory
default password.
Factory Default Password: no password, press <Enter> directly.
Note: Only one console and three telnet users can log on to the Xpress-Pro SW
94000 switch concurrently. However, it is not recommended that multiple users
modify the configuration at the same time.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 27
Switch Management Screen
5: Menu-Driven Console Management
Basic Management
Refer to performing basic management activities.
Advanced Management
Refer to performing advanced management activities.
Logout
Highlight this option and press Enter to log out.
Save Settings
Highlight this option and press Enter to save the current settings and remain in the
configuration program.
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5: Menu-Driven Console Management
Restore Default Settings
Highlight this option and press Enter to restore the factory default settings.
Reboot
Highlight this option and press Enter to reboot.
Navigating Through the Console Interface
The console interface consists of a series of menu boxes. Each menu box has several
options, which are listed vertically. Move the highlight to select an option as you wish;
press the Enter key to activate that option.
Press this key… To
Up Arrow or K* Move the highlight one line up in a menu box
Down Arrow or J* Move the highlight one line down in a menu box
Tab Move the highlight between screens
Enter Select the highlighted option
Esc Move to a previous menu
Note:* Remember to release the <Caps Lock> key if you press <K> or <J> and cannot
move the highlight on the screen.
Performing Basic Management Activities
Basic management activities consist of General, LAN Port, and Console Port tasks.
To Perform Basic Management Activities:
1. Highlight Basic Management from Switch Management screen and press <Enter>.
The Basic Management screen appears:
2. Highlight a desired option and press <Enter>. Or press <Esc> to exit.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 29
5: Menu-Driven Console Management
General Management Configurations
1. Highlight General from Basic Management screen and press <Enter>.
System Name is highlighted. Press <Enter> if you want to change it.
2. Move to highlight Contact and press <Enter> if you want to change it.
3. Move to highlight Location and press <Enter> if you want to change it.
4. Move to highlight admin Password and press <Enter> if you want to change it.
5. Move to highlight guest Password and press <Enter> if you want to change it.
6. Move to highlight Statistics Collection and press <Enter> if you want to change it,
Disabled or Enabled.
7. Move to highlight Reboot-On-Error and press <Enter> if you want to change it,
Disabled or Enabled.
8. Move to highlight Remote Telnet Login and press <Enter> if you want to change it,
Disabled or Enabled.
9. Move to highlight Remote HTTP Login and press <Enter> if you want to change it,
Disabled or Enabled.
10. Press <Esc> to return to Basic Management screen when completed.
XPress-Pro SW 94000 User Guide 30
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