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...connecting your business
LANCOM ES-2126+
LANCOM ES-2126P
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LANCOM ES-2126+
LANCOM ES-2126P
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© 2009 LANCOM Systems GmbH, Wuerselen (Germany). All rights reserved.
0533/0409
While the information in this manual has been compiled with great care, it may not be deemed an assurance of product
characteristics. LANCOM Systems shall be liable only to the degree specified in the terms of sale and delivery.
The reproduction and distribution of the documentation and software supplied with this product and the use of its contents
is subject to written authorization from LANCOM Systems. We reserve the right to make any alterations that arise as the
result of technical development.
Windows®, Windows Vista™, Windows NT® and Microsoft® are registered trademarks of Microsoft, Corp.
The LANCOM Systems logo, LCOS and the name LANCOM are registered trademarks of LANCOM Systems GmbH. All other
names or descriptions used may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their owners.
Subject to change without notice. No liability for technical errors or omissions.
Products from LANCOM Systems include software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http:/
/www.openssl.org/).
Products from LANCOM Systems include cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com
Products from LANCOM Systems include software developed by the NetBSD Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
Products from LANCOM Systems contain the LZMA SDK developed by Igor Pavlov.
Products from LANCOM Systems contain open source software components which are available as source text and which
are subject to special licenses and the copyright of their authors. In particular the firmware components are subject to the
terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2 (GPL). The license agreement with the text of the GPL is available on
the LANCOM CD in the relevant product's directory. On request, you can obtain the source texts and licensing details electronically from the LANCOM Systems GmbH FTP server.
LANCOM Systems GmbH
Adenauerstr. 20/B2
52146 Wuerselen
Deutschland
).
www.lancom.eu
Wuerselen, April 2009
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Model
restrictions
LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Preface
Preface
Thank you for your confidence in us!
The LANCOM switch models LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P are
ideally suited to small, medium-sized and performance networks in business
environments.
The LANCOM ES-2126+ switch features 24 Fast-Ethernet and two combo
ports (TP/SFP), it integrates perfectly into LANCOM's Advanced Routing und
Forwarding and it supports up to 256 active VLANs. It uses bandwidth control
to prioritize the data traffic according to predefined criteria (e.g. voice data or
certain ports).
Furthermore the LANCOM ES-2126P switch supports Power-over- Ethernet for
connected network devices. The overall power output of 185 Watts from the
PoE supply can be flexibly divided between the ports.
The LANCOM switch can be managed with the clearly structured Webconfig
and is supported by the LANCOM Management Tools (LANconfig and
LANmonitor).
Model variants
This documentation is intended for LANCOM switch users. The following
models are available:
쮿 The LANCOM ES-2126+ without PoE support.
쮿 The LANCOM ES-2126P with PoE support.
Passages applying only to certain models are identified either in the text itself
or by a comment in the margin.
Otherwise the documentation refers to all models collectively as the LANCOM
switch series.
EN
This documentation was created by …
... several members of our staff from a variety of departments in order to
ensure you the best possible support when using your
Should you find any errors, or if you would like to suggest improvements, please do not hesitate to send an e-mail directly to:
info@lancom.eu
Our online services www.lancom.eu are available to you around the
clock if you have any questions on the content in this manual, or if you
LANCOM
product.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Preface
require any further support. The area 'Support' will help you with
many answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs). Furthermore, the
knowledgebase offers you a large reserve of information. The latest
drivers, firmware, utilities and documentation are constantly available
for download.
In addition, LANCOM Support is available. For telephone numbers
and contact addresses for LANCOM Support, please refer to the enc-
EN
losed leaflet or the LANCOM Systems Web site.
Information symbols
Very important instructions. Failure to observe these may result in damage.
Important instruction that should be observed.
Additional information that may be helpful but is not essential.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Contents
Contents
1 Introduction 9
1.1 Key Features in the Device 9
1.2 Just what can your LANCOM switch do? 11
2 Installation 13
2.1 Package content 13
2.2 System requirements 13
2.3 Status displays and interfaces 14
2.3.1 LEDs and buttons on the LANCOM ES-2126+ 14
2.3.2 LEDs and buttons on the LANCOM ES-2126P 15
2.3.3 Connectors on the LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES2126P 17
2.4 Mounting and connecting up the LANCOM switch 17
2.5 Software installation 18
2.5.1 Starting the software setup 18
2.5.2 Which software should I install? 19
EN
3 Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch 20
3.1 Configuration options 20
3.1.1 Starting WEBconfig 20
3.1.2 Starting the Command Line Interface over the network
22
3.1.3 Starting the Command Line Interface over the serial connection 23
3.2 Which configuration does the device use? 24
3.3 Save/Restore 25
3.3.1 Factory Defaults 26
3.3.2 Save Start 26
3.3.3 Save User 27
3.3.4 Restore User 27
3.3.5 Save/Restore 28
3.4 Export/ Import Configuration File 29
3.4.1 Config file 29
3.5 Monitoring the LANCOM switch with LANmonitor 30
3.5.1 Ethernet port status 30
3.5.2 Port PoE status 32
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Contents
4 Operation of Web- based Management 34
4.1 Web Management Home Overview 35
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4.2 Port 50
4.3 PoE 59
4.4 SNMP Configuration 62
4.5 DHCP Boot 64
4.6 IGMP Snooping 65
4.7 VLAN 68
4.8 MAC Table 74
4.9 GVRP Configuration 78
4.10 STP Configuration 83
4.11 Trunking Configuration 89
4.12 802.1x Configuration 94
4.13 Alarm Configuration 104
4.14 Security 107
4.15 Bandwidth Management 109
4.16 QoS (Quality of Service) Configuration 111
4.1.1 The Information of Page Layout 36
4.1.2 System Information 38
4.1.3 IP Configuration 39
4.1.4 Time Configuration 41
4.1.5 Account Configuration 45
4.1.6 Virtual Stack 48
4.2.1 Port Status 50
4.2.2 Port Configuration 54
4.2.3 Simple Counter 55
4.2.4 Detail Counter 56
4.6.1 Status 65
4.6.2 Allowed Group 66
4.7.1 VLAN Mode 68
4.7.2 Tag-based Group 69
4.7.3 PVID 71
4.7.4 Port-based Group 73
4.10.1 STP Status 83
4.10.2 STP Configuration 85
4.10.3 STP Port Configuration 86
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Contents
4.17 Diagnostics 120
4.18 TFTP Server 123
4.19 Log 123
4.20 Firmware Upgrade 124
4.21 Reboot 125
4.22 Logout 126
5 Operation of CLI Management 127
5.1 CLI Management 127
5.1.1 Login 127
5.2 Commands of CLI 128
5.2.1 Global Commands of CLI 129
5.2.2 Local Commands of CLI 135
6 Appendix 238
6.1 Performance data and specifications 238
6.2 Connector wiring 240
6.2.1 LAN interface 10/100Base-TX 240
6.3 Declaration of conformity 240
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Contents
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 1: Introduction
1Introduction
The LANCOM switch models LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P are
managed layer-2 switches with 24 Fast Ethernet ports (for twisted pair cable
– TP) and two Gigabit dual media ports with TP/SFP, which meets the IEEE
802.3/u/x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet and Ethernet specifications
The switch can be managed through RS-232 serial port via directly connec-
tion, or through Ethernet port using Telnet or Web-based management unit,
associated with SNMP agent. With the SNMP agent, the network administrator can logon the switch to monitor, configure and control each port’s activity
in a friendly way.
The overall network management is enhanced and the network efficiency is
also improved to accommodate high bandwidth applications. In addition, the
switch features comprehensive and useful function such as QoS (Quality of
Service), Spanning Tree, VLAN, Port Trunking, Bandwidth Control, Port Security, SNMP/RMON and IGMP Snooping capability via the intelligent software.
It is suitable for both metro-LAN and office application.
This LANCOM ES-2126P switch also complies with IEEE 802.3af, its advanced
auto-sensing algorithm enables providing power devices (PD) discovery, classification, current limit, and other necessary functions. It also supports high
safety with short circuit protection and power-out auto-detection to PD.
10/100/1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE 802.3/u/
x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is a
Gigabit Ethernet port that fully complies with all IEEE 802.3z and 1000BaseSX/LX standards.
1000Mbps Single Fiber WDM (BiDi) transceiver is designed with an optic
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology that transports bi-directional full duplex signal over a single fiber simultaneously.
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1.1 Key Features in the Device
쮿 QoS:
Support Quality of Service by the IEEE 802.1P standard. There are two
priority queue and packet transmission schedule using Weighted Round
Robin (WRR). User-defined weight classification of packet priority can be
based on either VLAN tag on packets or user-defined port priority.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 1: Introduction
쮿 Spanning Tree:
Support IEEE 802.1D, IEEE 802.1w (RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol)
standards.
쮿 VLAN:
Support Port-based VLAN and IEEE802.1Q Tag VLAN. Support 256 active
VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094.
쮿 Port Trunking:
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Support static port trunking and port trunking with IEEE 802.3ad LACP.
쮿 Bandwidth Control:
Support ingress and egress per port bandwidth control.
쮿 Port Security:
Support allowed, denied forwarding and port security with MAC address.
쮿 SNMP/RMON:
SNMP agent and RMON MIB. In the device, SNMP agent is a client software which is operating over SNMP protocol used to receive the command
from SNMP manager (server site) and echo the corresponded data, i.e.
MIB object. Besides, SNMP agent will actively issue TRAP information
when happened.
RMON is the abbreviation of Remote Network Monitoring and is a branch
of the SNMP MIB.
The device supports MIB-2 (RFC 1213), Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), RMON
MIB (RFC 1757)-statistics Group 1,2,3,9, Ethernet-like MIB (RFC 1643),
Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643) and so on.
쮿 IGMP Snooping:
Support IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236): The function IGMP snooping is used
to establish the multicast groups to forward the multicast packet to the
member ports, and, in nature, avoid wasting the bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the network.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 1: Introduction
1.2 Just what can your LANCOM switch do?
Hardware
Supports 24-port 10/100M TP ports with Nway and auto MDIX function
2 Gigabit dual media ports(TP/SFP) and 2 slots for removable SFP
module supporting 1000M SFP fiber module
On-line pluggable fiber transceiver modules
256KB packet buffer and 128KB control memory
Maximal packet length can be up to 1536 bytes
Full-duplex flow control (IEEE802.3x) and half-duplex backpressure
Ssatus LEDs
System: Power, CPURUN, ACT / FDX / SPD(LEDSET)
TP Port 1-24: LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD
SFP-Ports 25,26: LINK/ACT, FDX, SPD
PoE support
PoE with 48VDC power through RJ-45 pin 1, 2, 3, 6.
Powered Device(PD) auto detection and classification.
PoE-PSE status and activity LED indicator.
Management
Concisely the status of port and easily port configuration
Per port traffic monitoring counters
Port mirror function
Static trunk function
802.1Q VLAN with 256 entries.
DHCP Broadcasting Suppression to avoid network suspended or
crashed
Trap event while monitored events happened
Default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current
configuration which is working on via web browser and CLI
LANCOM ES2126+
LANCOM ES2126P
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 1: Introduction
5 kinds of QoS, are as follows, MAC Priority, 802.1p Priority, IP TOS Priority, and DiffServ DSCP Priority.
Built-in web- based management and CLI management, providing a
more convenient UI for the user
Rapid Spanning Tree (802.1w RSTP)
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802.1x port security on a VLAN
SNMP access can be disabled and prevent from illegal SNMP access
Ingress, Non-unicast and Egress Bandwidth rating management
The trap event and alarm message can be transferred via e-mail and
mobile phone short message
Diagnostics to let administrator knowing the hardware status
External loopback test to check if the link is ok
TFTP for firmware upgrade, system log upload and config file import/
export
Remote boot the device through user interface and SNMP
Network time synchronization and daylight saving
120 event log records in the main memory and display on the local console
Options
LANCOM SFP Transceiver:
Item no. 61556 LANCOM SFP-SX-LC1
Item no. 61557 LANCOM SFP-LX-LC1
LANCOM ES2126+
LANCOM ES2126P
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
2 Installation
This chapter will assist you to quickly install hardware and software. First,
check the package contents and system requirements. The device can be
installed and configured quickly and easily if all prerequisites are fulfilled.
2.1 Package content
Before beginning with the installation, please check that nothing is missing
from your package. Along with the LANCOM switch the box should contain
the following accessories:
LANCOM
ES-2126+
Power cord
19’’ adapter (2 pieces) and mounting materials
Serial configuration cable
LANCOM CD
Printed documentation
Should anything be missing, please take up immediate contact to your dealer
or to the address on the delivery note supplied with your device.
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2.2 System requirements
Computers that connect to a LANCOM must meet the following minimum
requirements:
쮿 Operating system that supports TCP/IP, e.g. Windows Vista™,
Windows XP, Windows Millennium Edition (Me), Windows 2000, Windows 98, Linux, BSD Unix, Apple Mac OS, OS/2.
쮿 Access to the LAN via the TCP/IP protocol.
쮿 Browser for Web-based configuration.
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LANCOM
ES-2126P
The LANtools also require a Windows operating system. A web brow-
ser under any operating system provides access to WEBconfig.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
2.3 Status displays and interfaces
Meanings of the LEDs
The following section describes the meaning of the LEDs.
Please be aware that LANmonitor shows far more information about
the status of the LANCOM switch than the LEDs '→ Monitoring the
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2.3.1 LEDs and buttons on the LANCOM ES-2126+
LANCOM switch with LANmonitor'.
Located on the front of the device are light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that provide information on device status, and also two buttons.
쐃
쐇
14
Reset
CPU RUN
쐏
쐇
쐃
쐋
Button to re-start the system.
Blinks green if the CPU is running without problem.
쐊
쐅
쐈
쐉
쐎
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
쐋 PWR
ACT
쐏
FDX
쐄
SPD
쐂
LEDSET
쐆
LINK
쐊
Port 1 to 24
ACT/FDX/SPD
쐎
Port 1 to 24
Link
쐅
Port 25 and 26
FB
쐈
Port 25 and 26
쐉
ACT
Port 25 and 26
Power LED: Constant green when power is supplied to the device.
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Active".
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Full-Duplex".
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Speed".
Button to switch the LEDmode between -“Active”, “Full-Duplex” and “Speed”.
Constant green when the network connection is established to the connected
device. Off if no network connection can be established to the connected
device.
This LED displays the following information depending on the selected LED
status:
쮿 LED mode “Active”: Blinks yellow during data transfer.
쮿 LED mode “Full-Duplex”: Constant green when full-duplex mode is active
for this port; blinks yellow in case of collisions.
쮿 LED mode “Speed”: Constant yellow when the 100 Mbps mode is active.
Off when the 10 Mbps mode is active.
Constant green when the network connection is established to the connected
device. Off if no network connection can be established to the connected
device.
Constant green when the optical port is active. Off when the TP port is active
This LED displays the following information depending on the selected LED
status:
쮿 LED mode “Active”: Blinks yellow during data transfer.
쮿 LED mode “Full-Duplex”: Constant green when full-duplex mode is active
for this port; blinks yellow in case of collisions.
쮿 LED mode “Speed”: Constant green when the Gbps mode is active. Off
when the 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps mode is active.
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2.3.2 LEDs and buttons on the LANCOM ES-2126P
Located on the front of the device are light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that provide information on device status, and also two buttons.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
EN
쐃
쐋
쐇
쐏
쐊
쐎
쐅
쐃 CPU RUN
PWR
쐇
PoE- ACT
쐋
LINK
쐏
Port 1 to 24
ACT/FDX/SPD
쐄
Port 1 to 24
ACT
쐂
16
쐈
쐈
Blinks green if the CPU is running without problem.
Power LED: Constant green when power is supplied to the device.
Constant green when the device connected to this port is powered via PoE.
Constant green when the network connection is established to the connected
device. Off if no network connection can be established to the connected
device.
This LED displays the following information depending on the selected LED
status:
쮿 LED mode “Active”: Blinks yellow during data transfer.
쮿 LED mode “Full-Duplex”: Constant green when full-duplex mode is active
for this port; blinks yellow in case of collisions.
쮿 LED mode “Speed”: Constant yellow when the 100 Mbps mode is active.
Off when the 10 Mbps mode is active.
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Active".
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
쐆 FDX
SPD
쐊
LEDSET
쐎
Reset
쐅
FX
쐈
Port 25 and 26
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Full-Duplex".
Constant green when the LED mode is set to "Speed".
Button to switch the LEDmode between -“Active”, “Full-Duplex” and “Speed”.
Button to re-start the system.
Constant green when the optical port is active. Off when the TP port is active.
2.3.3 Connectors on the LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
The following connectors are located on the rear of the device.
쐃쐇
쐃 Connector for serial configuration cable for direct configuration.
쐇 Connector for IEC power cable for power supply.
2.4 Mounting and connecting up the LANCOM switch
Installating the LANCOM switch involves the following steps:
햲 Mounting – The device is designed for mounting in an available 19” unit
in a server cabinet. If necessary fix the rubber pads to the underside of the
device to prevent any scratching to other equipment.
EN
Ensure that the device has sufficient ventilation to prevent damage
from excessive heat build-up.
햳 LAN connection – Connect the network devices to the ports of the LAN-
COM switch by means of a suitable twisted-pair cable (TP cable). The connectors automatically detect the avalable data transfer speeds and the pin
assignment (autosensing).
Use only standard TP cables of category CAT 5 or better with a maxi-
mum length of 100 m to ensure the best possible transfer of data.
Cross-over cables can be used thanks to the auto-sensing function.
If optical connections are to be used, additional modules can be
purchased as accessories.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
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햴 Configuration via serial ports – In order to configure the LANCOM
switch directly, connect the serial configuration cable (supplied) to the
COM port of the device. Connect the other end of this cable to an available COM port (RS 232) on a PC. Instructions on carrying out a configuration via the serial interface and on enterning relevant parameters via a
terminal program are available under → 'Starting the Command Line
Interface via serial connection' in the following chapter.
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햵 Supply power and switch on – Supply power to the device by means of
the IEC power cable.
햶 Ready for operation? – After a brief self-test, the power LED lights up
continuously. Green LAN-LINK LEDs show which LAN connectors are
being used for a connection.
2.5 Software installation
The following section describes the installation of the Windows-compatible
system software LANtools, as supplied.
You may skip this section if you use your LANCOM switch exclusively
with computers running operating systems other than Windows.
2.5.1 Starting the software setup
Place the product CD into your drive. The setup program will start automatically.
If the setup does not start automatically, run AUTORUN.EXE in the
root directory of the LANCOM CD.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
In Setup, select Install software. The following selection menus will appear
on screen:
2.5.2 Which software should I install?
쮿 LANconfig is the Windows configuration program for all LANCOM
devices. LANconfig searches for all LANCOM devices in your network.
You can use this to start the Web-based configuration of a LANCOM
switch.
쮿 Chapter 2: Installation
EN
쮿 With LANmonitor you can use a Windows computer to monitor all of
your LANCOM devices. This program displays all important status information for a LANCOM switch, such as link status or port PoE state.
쮿 With Documentation you copy the documentation files onto your PC.
Select the appropriate software options and confirm your choice with Next.
The software is installed automatically.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 3: Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch
3 Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM
switch
3.1 Configuration options
There are two different methods of configuring the device.
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3.1.1 Starting WEBconfig
쮿 By means of a graphical user interface or via a browser (WEBconfig). This
option is only available if you have network access to the device's IP
address from your computer.
Instructions for configuring the device with WEBconfig are available in the
chapter "Web-based configuration".
쮿 Text-orientated configuration via a console (Command Line Interface –
CLI): This method of configuration, which requires a program such as Telnet, Hyperterminal, or similar, can be conducted over a network connection or with a direct connection via serial interface (RS-232).
Instructions for configuring the device with CLI are available in the chapter "Command line interface".
20
There are two ways of starting the configuration by browser:
쮿 If you know the device's IP address, simply enter this into the address line
in the browser. The factory settings for accessing the device are: User
name "admin", password "admin".
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 3: Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch
쮿 If you do not have the device's IP number, LANconfig can be used to
search for it. To start LANconfig click on Start 왘 Programs 왘 LANCOM
왘 LANconfig.
EN
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
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EN
LANconfig automatically searches for all available devices in your network. Any available LANCOM devices will be displayed in the list, including the LANCOM switch. Double- click on this entry to start the browser
automatically with the correct IP address.
What is the IP address of my LANCOM switch?
The current IP address of the LANCOM switch after being switched on depends on the network
constellation.
Networks with DHCP server – In its factory settings, the LANCOM switch is set for auto DHCP
mode, meaning that it searches for a DHCP server to assign it an IP address, subnet mask and
gateway address. The assigned IP address can only be determined by using the appropriate
tools or via the DHCP server. If the DHCP server is a LANCOM device, the IP address of the LANCOM switch can be read out from the DHCP table. If this is the case, the LANCOM switch can
be accessed from any network computer that receives its IP address from the same DHCP server.
Network without a DHCP server – If no DHCP server is present in the network, the LANCOM
switch automatically adopts the address "172.23.56.252" (LANCOM ES-2126+) or
"172.23.56.251" (LANCOM ES-2126P). If this is the case, the LANCOM switch can be accessed
from any network computer with its IP address set to the address range "172.23.56.x".
22
3.1.2 Starting the Command Line Interface over the network
If you know the device's IP address (see section above) and the LANCOM
switch is accessible from your computer via the network, the you can use the
command line interface via the network.
쐃 To do this, start a console such as Telnet and enter the device's IP address
as the target.
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 3: Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch
쐇 Log on with user name and password (default: admin, admin).
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3.1.3 Starting the Command Line Interface over the serial connection
If you do not know the IP address of the device, you can use the command
line interface via a serial connection.
쐃 Use the serial configuration cable to connect the LANCOM switch to the
configuration computer (→ "Mounting and connecting up the LANCOM
Switch').
쐇 Start a terminal program on the configuration computer, such as Hyper-
terminal under Windows. Use the following parameters for the connection:
왏 Baud rate: 57600
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 3: Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch
왏 Stop bits: 1
왏 Data bits: 8
왏 Parity: N
왏 Flow control: None
쐋 Log on with user name and password (default: admin, admin).
EN
3.2 Which configuration does the device use?
The switch supports four different configurations: The start configuration, the
current working configuration, the user configuration and the default configuration.
쐃 Start configuration
At the system start, the device takes the parameters from the start configuration and copies these to the working configuration. On shipping, the
start configuration is the same as the default configuration.
To change the start configuration, the altered parameters have to be
saved as the start configuration.
쐇 Working configuration:
This is the currently active configuration in the device. It can be changed
at any time. All changes to the configuration are saved here. Each time
you make changes and press <Apply>, the changes are stored to the working configuration.
The changes to the working configuration are not automatically
adopted for the start configuration. They have to be saved specifically
as the start or user configuration. If you do not save the changes to
your working configuration, they will be lost and the previous start
configuration will be active when you start the system the next time.
24
쐋 User configuration:
This configuration exists for specific requirements or for making backups.
You can save any state of the working configuration as a user configuration and restore this state later or with the function “Restore user configuration”.
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If the start configuration is defective and the the device is not avai-
lable via network, you use the serial configuration interface and the
Command Line Interface to reload a functional start configuration.
쐏 Default configuration
This is the default configuration and it cannot be altered. The web user
interface has the following options to restore the switch to its default
setting.
왏 With the function "restore default configuration included default IP
address" you can reset the switch to the factory default settings
(including the administrator´s password and the auto DHCP setting).
왏 With the function “restore default configuration without changing
current IP address” you can reset the switch to the factory default settings, but without changing the IP address. You can access the switch
at its last IP address.
왏 With the serial configuration interface you can reset the switch to the
factory default setting, without knowing the current administrator´s
password. To do this you have to set up a serial connection to the
device as described in → ’Start Command Line Interface via serial
connection’. In the terminal program, before you enter the username
press CTRL+Z, enter “RESET” as the username and the MAC address
(without blank characters) as the password.
EN
This action starts the reset process and all settings will be reset to the
factory default state, including the administrator´s password and the
auto DHCP setting.
3.3 Save/Restore
The switch supports three copies of configuration, including the default configuration, working configuration and user configuration for your configuration management. All of them are listed and described below respectively.
쮿 Default Configuration:
This is ex-factory setting and cannot be altered. In Web UI, two restore
default functions are offered for the user to restore to the default setting
of the switch. One is the function of "Restore Default Configuration including default IP address", the IP address will restore to default
"192.168.1.1" as you use it. The other is the function of "Restore Default
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Configuration without changing current IP address", the IP address will
keep the same one that you had saved before by performing this function.
쮿 Working Configuration:
It is the configuration you are using currently and can be changed any
time. The configurations you are using are saved into this configuration
file. This is updated each time as you press <Apply> button.
쮿 User Configuration:
EN
It is the configuration file for the specified or backup purposes and can be
updated while having confirmed the configuration. You can retrieve it by
performing Restore User Configuration.
3.3.1 Factory Defaults
26
쮿 Restore Default Configuration (includes default IP address)
Restore Default Configuration function can retrieve ex-factory setting to
replace the start configuration. And the IP address of the switch will also
be restored to 192.168.1.1.
3.3.2 Save Start
쮿 Save As Start Configuration
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Save the current configuration as a start configuration file in flash
memory.
3.3.3 Save User
쮿 Save As User Configuration
Save the current configuration as a user configuration file in flash
memory.
3.3.4 Restore User
LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
쮿 Chapter 3: Configuring and monitoring the LANCOM switch
EN
쮿 Restore User Configuration
Restore User Configuration function can retrieve the previous confirmed
working configuration stored in the flash memory to update start configuration. When completing to restore the configuration, the system's start
configuration is updated and will be changed its system settings after
rebooting the system.
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3.3.5 Save/Restore
EN
쮿 Save as start configuration
Here you can save your current configuration to the flash memory as a
start configuration.
쮿 Save as user configuration
Here you can save the current configuration to the flash memory as a user
configuration.
쮿 Restore default configuration (includes default IP address)
Here you can reset the switch to its factory settings. The default configuration replaces the start configuration. The device is reset to Auto DHCP
and it retrieves its IP address from a DHCP server in the network. If no
DHCP server is available, the device takes the IP address “172.23.56.252”
(LANCOM ES-2126+) or “172.23.56.251” (LANCOM ES-2126P).
쮿 Restore default configuration (excludes current IP address)
Here you can reset the switch to its factory settings. The default configuration replaces the start configuration. However, the switch’s current IP
address as set up by the user is not changed and will NOT be restored to
the default value.
쮿 Restore user configuration
Restore User Configuration function retrieves the previous confirmed working configuration from the flash memory to update the start configuration. After restoring the configuration, the system’s start configuration is
updated and activated after rebooting.
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3.4 Export/ Import Configuration File
쮿 Config File
With this function, user can back up or reload the configuration files of
Save As Start or Save As User via TFTP.
쮿 Parameter:
왏 Export File Path:
Export Start: Export Save As Start's config file stored in the flash.
Export User- Conf: Export Save As User's config file stored in the flash.
왏 Import File Path:
Import Start: Import Save As Start's config file stored in the flash.
Import User- Conf: Import Save As User's config file stored in the flash.
EN
3.4.1 Config file
쮿 Config file
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With this function you can backup or reload the start and user configuration via TFTP.
쮿 Parameter
왏 Export file path:
Export start: You can export the start configuration from the flash
memory.
Export user conf.: You can export the user configuration from the
EN
flash memory.
왏 Import file path:
Import start: You can import the start configuration to the flash
memory here.
Import user conf.: You can import the user configuration to the
flash memory here.
3.5 Monitoring the LANCOM switch with LANmonitor
The current state of the device and all ports can be monitored using the LEDs
on the front panel. With LANmonitor the devices can be observed from any
workstation without being able to see the LEDs. Besides the status information provided by the LEDs the LANmonitor provides further important information on the ports.
30
3.5.1 Ethernet port status
LANmonitor displays the current status of all of the device's Ethernet ports.
This includes monitoring of the state as configured by the admin (config state)
and the actual state (link state) of the port. Each port is displayed with two
colored symbols in LANmonitor:
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EN
쮿 The left icon shows the config state:
왏 Gray: The port is deactivated in the configuration
왏 Yellow: The port is activated in the configuration
쮿 The right-hand icon shows the link state:
왏 Gray: No active network device is connected to the port
왏 Green: A network device is connected to the port and active
Apart from the status, LANmonitor displays the VLAN ID for each port and the
detected data rate at active ports connected to active network devices.
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3.5.2 Port PoE status
LANmonitor displays the current PoE status of all of the device's ports. This
includes the state configured by the admin (PoE enabled or disabled) and the
current power feed to connected devices. Each port is displayed with two
colored symbols in LANmonitor:
EN
32
쮿 The left icon shows the PoE configuration:
왏 Gray: PoE feed for the port is deactivated in the configuration
왏 Yellow: PoE feed for the port is activated in the configuration
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쮿 The right-hand icon shows the current power feed.
왏 Gray: No PoE-powered device is connected to this port
왏 Green: A PoE-powered device is connected to this port and is being
fed with power
Along with PoE status, LANmonitor also shows the PoE class as detected for
the powered devices. When a Powerded Device (PD) is connected, the Power
Source Equipment (PSE) measures the power requirement of the device.
Power requirements of the PDs are classified as follows:
PoE class Use Power range
0 default 0,44 W - 12.95 W
1 optional 0,44 W - 3.84 W
2 optional 3,84 W - 6.49 W
3 optional 6,49 W - 12.95 W
4 reserved 15,4 W
EN
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LANCOM ES-2126+ and LANCOM ES-2126P
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4 Operation of Web-based Management
This chapter instructs you how to configure and manage the LANCOM ES2126+ or LANCOM ES-2126P through the web user interface it supports, to
access and manage the 24 10/100Mbps TP + 2 Gigabit dual media ports with
TP/SFP Fiber management Ethernet switch. With this facility, you can easily
access and monitor through any one port of the switch all the status of the
EN
switch, including MIBs status, each port activity, Spanning tree status, port
aggregation status, multicast traffic, VLAN and priority status, even illegal
access record and so on.
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:
IP Adress 172.23.56.252 172.23.56.251
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 172.23.56.254 172.23.56.254
Default DNS-Server 172.23.56.254 172.23.56.254
Username admin admin
Password admin admin
LANCOM ES-2126+ LANCOM ES-2126P
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After the managed switch has been finished configuration in the CLI via the
switch’s serial interface, you can browse it. For instance, type http://
192.168.1.1 in the address row in a browser, it will show the following screen
and ask you to input username and password in order to login and access. The
default username and password are both “admin”. For the first time to use,
please enter the default username and password, then click the <Login> button. The login process now is completed.
In this login menu, you have to input the complete username and password
respectively, the switch will not give you a shortcut to username automatically.
This looks inconvenient, but safer.
In the switch, it supports a simple user management function allowing only
one administrator to configure the system at the same time. If there are two
or more users using administrator’s identity, the switch will allow the only one
who logins first to configure the system. The rest of users, even with administrator’s identity, can only monitor the system. For those who have no administrator’s identity, can only monitor the system. There are only a maximum of
three users able to login simultaneously in the switch.
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To optimize the display effect, we recommend you use Microsoft IE 6.0 above,
Netscape V7.1 above or FireFox V1.00 above and have the resolution
1024x768. The switch supported neutral web browser interface.
In the figure in the next chapter, for example, left section is the whole function
tree with web user interface and we will travel it through this chapter.
4.1 Web Management Home Overview
After you login, the switch shows you the system information. This page is
default and tells you the basic information of the system, including “Model
Name”, “System Description”, “Location”, “Contact”, “Device Name”, “System
Up Time”, “Current Time”, “BIOS Version”, “Firmware Version”, “HardwareMechanical Version”, “Serial Number”, “Host IP Address”, “Host MAC
Address”, “Device Port”, “RAM Size” and “Flash Size”. With this information,
you will know the software version used, MAC address, serial number, how
many ports good and so on. This is helpful while malfunctioning.
EN
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EN
4.1.1 The Information of Page Layout
On the top side, it shows the front panel of the switch. In the front panel, the
linked ports will display green; as to the ports, which are link off, they will be
dark. For the optional modules, the slot will show only a cover plate if no
module exists and will show a module if a module is present. The image of
module depends on the one you inserted. The same, if disconnected, the port
will show just dark, if linked, green.
In this device, there are clicking functions on the panel provided for the information of the ports. These are very convenient functions for browsing the
information of a single port. When you click on the front panel of the port, an
information window for the port will pop up.
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The figure shows the basic information of the clicked port. With this, you’ll see
the information about the port status, traffic status and bandwidth rating for
egress and ingress respectively.
On the right-top corner, there is a pull-down list for Auto Logout. For the sake
of security, we provide auto-logout function to protect you from illegal user as
you are leaving. If you do not choose any selection in Auto Logout list, it
means you turn on the Auto Logout function and the system will be logged
out automatically when no action on the device 3 minutes later. If OFF is chosen, the screen will keep as it is. Default is ON.
On the left side, the main menu tree for web is listed in the page. They are
hierarchical menu. Open the function folder, a sub-menu will be shown. The
functions of each folder are described in its corresponded section respectively.
EN
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When clicking it, the function is performed. The following list is the full function tree for web user interface.
Root
EN
System
Port
PoE
Loop Detection
SNMP
DHCP Boot
IGMP Snooping
VLAN
MAC Table
GVRP
STP
Trunk
802.1x
Alarm
Configuration
Security
Bandwidth
QoS
Diagnostics
TFTP Server
Log
Firmware Upgrade
Reboot
Logout
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4.1.2 System Information
쮿 Function name: System Information
쮿 Function Description: Shows the basic system information.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Model name: The model name of this device.
왏 System Description: As it is, this tells what this device is. Here, it is
“24-Port 10/100BaseT/TX Managed PoE Switch”.
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왏 Location: Basically, it is the location where this switch is put. User-
defined.
왏 Contact: For easily managing and maintaining device, you may write
down the contact person and phone here for getting help soon. You
can configure this parameter through the device’s user interface or
SNMP.
왏 Device name: The name of the switch. User-defined. Default is GS-
2224L.
왏 System up time: The time accumulated since this switch is powered
up. Its format is day, hour, minute, second.
왏 Current time: Show the system time of the switch. Its format: day of
week, month, day, hours : minutes : seconds, year. For instance, Tue
Apr 20 23:25:58 2005.
왏 BIOS version: The version of the BIOS in this switch.
왏 Firmware version: The firmware version in this switch.
왏 Hardware-Mechanical version: The version of Hardware and Mecha-
nical. The figure before the hyphen is the version of electronic hardware; the one after the hyphen is the version of mechanical.
왏 Serial number: The number is assigned by the manufacturer.
왏 Host IP address: The IP address of the switch.
왏 Host MAC address: It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management
agent in this switch.
왏 Device Port: Show all types and numbers of the port in the switch.
왏 RAM size: The size of the DRAM in this switch.
왏 Flash size: The size of the flash memory in this switch.
EN
4.1.3 IP Configuration
IP configuration is one of the most important configurations in the switch.
Without the proper setting, network manager will not be able to manage or
view the device. The switch supports both manual IP address setting and
automatic IP address setting via DHCP server. When IP address is changed,
you must reboot the switch to have the setting taken effect and use the new
IP to browse for web management and CLI management.
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EN
쮿 Function name: IP Configuration
쮿 Function Description: Set IP address, subnet mask, default gateway and
DNS for the switch.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 DHCP Setting: DHCP is the abbreviation of Dynamic Host Configura-
tion Protocol. Here DHCP means a switch to turn ON or OFF the function.
The switch supports DHCP client used to get an IP address automatically if you set this function “Enable”. When enabled, the switch will
issue the request to the DHCP server resided in the network to get an
IP address. If DHCP server is down or does not exist, the switch will
issue the request and show IP address is under requesting, until the
DHCP server is up. Before getting an IP address from DHCP server, the
device will not continue booting procedures. If set this field “Disable”,
you’ll have to input IP address manually. For more details about IP
address and DHCP, please see the Section 2-1-5 “IP Address Assignment” in this manual.
Default: Disable
왏 IP address: Users can configure the IP settings and fill in new values
if users set the DHCP function “Disable”. Then, click <Apply> button
to update. When DHCP is disabled, Default: 192.168.1.1 If DHCP is
enabled, this field is filled by DHCP server and will not allow user
manually set it any more.
왏 Subnet mask:
The subnet mask divides the IP address in two parts, one for the network and one for the device. The part of the network denotes the network of the computer. Only computer in the same network are able to
communicate with each other. With devices of other networks can
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only be communicate through a router. The part of the device denotes
the single device in a network. The address of the device within a network needs to be unambiguously.
For more information, please also see the Section “IP Address Assignment” in this manual. Default: 255.255.255.0
왏 Default gateway: Set an IP address for a gateway to handle those
packets that do not meet the routing rules predefined in the device. If
a packet does not meet the criteria for other pre-defined path, it must
be forwarded to a default router on a default path. This means any
packet with undefined IP address in the routing table will be sent to
this device unconditionally.
Default: 192.168.1.254
왏 DNS: It is Domain Name System used to serve the translation between
IP address and name address.
The switch supports DNS client function to re- route the mnemonic
name address to DNS server to get its associated IP address for accessing Internet. User can specify a DNS IP address for the switch. With
this, the switch can translate a mnemonic name address into an IP
address.
There are two ways to specify the IP address of DNS. One is fixed
mode, which manually specifies its IP address, the other is dynamic
mode, which is assigned by DHCP server while DHCP is enabled. DNS
can help you easily remember the mnemonic address name with the
meaningful words in it. Default is no assignment of DNS address.
Default: 0.0.0.0
EN
4.1.4 Time Configuration
The switch provides manual and automatic ways to set the system time via
NTP. Manual setting is simple and you just input “Year”, “Month”, “Day”,
“Hour”, “Minute” and “Second” within the valid value range indicated in each
item. If you input an invalid value, for example, 61 in minute, the switch will
clamp the figure to 59.
NTP is a well-known protocol used to synchronize the clock of the switch system time over a network. NTP, an internet draft standard formalized in RFC
1305, has been adopted on the system is version 3 protocol. The switch provides four built-in NTP server IP addresses resided in the Internet and an user-
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defined NTP server IP address. The time zone is Greenwich-centered which
uses the expression form of GMT+/- xx hours.
쮿 Function name: Time
쮿 Function Description: Set the system time by manual input or set it by syn-
cing from Time servers. The function also supports daylight saving for different area’s time adjustment.
쮿 Parameter Description:
EN
왏 Current Time: Shows the current time of the system.
왏 Manual: This is the function to adjust the time manually. Filling the
valid figures in the fields of Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and
Second respectively and press <Apply> button, time is adjusted. The
valid figures for the parameter Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and
Second are >=2000, 1-12, 1-31, 0-23, 0-59 and 0-59 respectively.
Input the wrong figure and press <Apply> button, the device will
reject the time adjustment request. There is no time zone setting in
Manual mode.
Default: Year = 2000, Month = 1, Day = 1, Hour = 0, Minute = 0,
Second = 0
왏 NTP: NTP is Network Time Protocol and is used to sync the network
time based Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If use the NTP mode and
select a built-in NTP time server or manually specify an user- defined
NTP server as well as Time Zone, the switch will sync the time in a
short after pressing <Apply> button. Though it synchronizes the time
automatically, NTP does not update the time periodically without
user’s processing.
Time Zone is an offset time off GMT. You have to select the time zone
first and then perform time sync via NTP because the switch will combine this time zone offset and updated NTP time to come out the local
time, otherwise, you will not able to get the correct time. The switch
supports configurable time zone from –12 to +13 step 1 hour.
Default Time zone: +8 Hrs.
왏 Daylight Saving: Daylight saving is adopted in some countries. If set,
it will adjust the time lag or in advance in unit of hours, according to
the starting date and the ending date. For example, if you set the day
light saving to be 1 hour. When the time passes over the starting time,
the system time will be increased one hour after one minute at the
time since it passed over. And when the time passes over the ending
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time, the system time will be decreased one hour after one minute at
the time since it passed over.
The switch supports valid configurable day light saving time is –5 ~
+5 step one hour. The zero for this parameter means it need not have
to adjust current time, equivalent to in-act daylight saving. You don’t
have to set the starting/ending date as well. If you set daylight saving
EN
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to be non-zero, you have to set the starting/ending date as well;
otherwise, the daylight saving function will not be activated.
Default for Daylight Saving: 0.
The following parameters are configurable for the function Daylight
Saving and described in detail.
Day Light Saving Start :
EN
This is used to set when to start performing the day light saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
Day Light Saving End: This is used to set when to stop performing the
daylight saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
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4.1.5 Account Configuration
In this function, only administrator can create, modify or delete the username
and password. Administrator can modify other guest identities’ password without confirming the password but it is necessary to modify the administratorequivalent identity. Guest-equivalent identity can modify his password only.
Please note that you must confirm administrator/guest identity in the field of
Authorization in advance before configuring the username and password.
Only one administrator is allowed to exist and unable to be deleted. In addition, up to 4 guest accounts can be created.
The default setting for user account is:
쮿 Username: admin
쮿 Password: admin
The default setting for guest user account is:
쮿 Username: guest
쮿 Password: guest
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EN
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쮿 Management Security
Through the management security configuration, the manager can do the
strict setup to control the switch and limit the user to access this switch.
The following rules are offered for the manager to manage the switch:
쐃 When no lists exists, then it will accept all connections.
EN
쐇 When only “accept lists” exist, then it will deny all connections, excluding
the connection inside of the accepting range.
쐋 When only “deny lists” exist, then it will accept all connections, excluding
the connection inside of the denying range.
46
쐏 When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the accepting range.
쐄 When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the accepting range and NOT inside of
the denying range at the same time.
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쮿 Function name: Management Security Configuration
쮿 Function Description: The switch offers Management Security Configura-
tion function. With this function, the manager can easily control the mode
that the user connects to the switch. According to the mode, users can be
classified into two types: Those who are able to connect to the switch
(Accept) and those who are unable to connect to the switch (Deny). Some
restrictions also can be placed on the mode that the user connect to the
switch, for example, we can decide that which VLAN VID is able to be
accepted or denied by the switch, the IP range of the user could be accepted or denied by the switch, the port that the user is allowed or not allowed to connect with the switch, or the way of controlling and connecting
to the switch via Http, Telnet or SNMP.
EN
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Name: A name is composed of any letter (A-Z, a-z) and digit (0-9)
with maximal 8 characters.
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왏 VID: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid
VLAN VID, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you
choose “Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is
1~4094.
왏 IP Range: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid
IP Range, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case
that” Custom” had been chosen, you can assigned effective IP range.
EN
The valid range is 0.0.0.0~255.255.255.255.
왏 Incoming Port: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed
valid Port Range, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You
can select the ports that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the management security configuration if ”Custom” had
been chosen.
왏 Access Type: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed
valid Access Type, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”.
“Http”, “Telnet” and “SNMP” are three ways for the access and managing the switch in case that” Custom” had been chosen.
왏 Action: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid
Action Type, including “Deny” and “Accept”. Default is “Deny”. When
you choose “Deny” action, you will be restricted and refused to
manage the switch due to the “Access Type” you choose. However,
while you select “Accept” action, you will have the authority to
manage the switch.
왏 Edit/Create: A new entry of Management Security Configuration can
be created after the parameters as mentioned above had been setup
and then press <Edit/Create> button. Of course, the existed entry also
can be modified by pressing this button.
왏 Delete: Remove the existed entry of Management Security Configura-
tion from the management security table.
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4.1.6 Virtual Stack
쮿 Function name: Virtual Stack
쮿 Function Description: Virtual Stack Management(VSM) is the group
management function. Through the proper configuration of this function,
switches in the same LAN will be grouped automatically. And among
these switch, one switch will be a master machine, and the others in this
group will become the slave devices.
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VSM offers a simple centralized management function. It is not necessary
to remember the address of all devices, manager is capable of managing
the network with knowing the address of the Master machine. Instead of
SNMP or Telnet UI, VSM is only available in Web UI. While one switch
become the Master, two rows of buttons for group device will appear on
the top of its Web UI. By pressing these buttons, user will be allowed to
connect the Web UI of the devices of the group in the same window without the login of these device.
The most top-left button is only for Master device. The background color
of the button you press will be changed to represent that the device is
under your management.
Note: It will remove the grouping temporarily in case that you login the
switch via the console.
The device of the group will be shown as station address ( the last number
of IP Address) + device name on the button (e.g. 196_GS-2224L), otherwise it will show ” -- - - “ if no corresponding device exists.
Once the devices join the group successfully, then they are merely able to
be managed via Master device, and user will fail to manage them via telnet/console/web individually.
Up to 16 devices can be grouped for VSM, however, only one Master is
allowed to exist in each group. For Master redundancy, user may
configure more than two devices as Master device, however, the Master
device with the smaller MAC value will be the Master one. All of these 16
devices can become Master device and back up with each other .
EN
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 State: It is used for the activation or de-activation of VSM. Default is
Enable.
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왏 Role: The role that the switch would like to play in virtual stack. Two
types of roles, including master and slave are offered for option.
Default is Master.
왏 Group ID: It is the group identifier (GID) which signs for VSM. Valid
letters are A-Z, a- z, 0-9, “
is 15 characters.
- “ and “_” characters. The maximal length
EN
4.2 Port
Five functions, including Description, Port Status, Port, Simple Counter and
Detail Counter are contained in this function folder for port monitoring and
management. Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the following
section.
Port
Status
Configuration
Description
Simple Counter
Detail Counter
4.2.1 Port Status
The function Port Status gathers the information of all ports’ current status
and reports it by the order of port number, media, link status, port state, Auto-
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Negotiation status, speed/duplex, Rx Pause and Tx Pause. An extra media type
information for the module ports 25 and 26 is also offered.
쮿 Function name: Port Status
쮿 Function Description: Report the latest updated status of all ports in this
switch. When any one of the ports in the switch changes its parameter
displayed in the page, it will be automatically refreshed the port current
status about every 5 seconds.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Port No: Display the port number. The number is 1 – 26. Both port 25
and 26 are optional modules.
왏 Media: Show the media type adopted in all ports. The Port 25 and Port
26 are optional modules, which support either fiber or UTP media with
either Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps) or 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet
port. They may have different media types and speed. Especially, fiber
port has comprehensive types of connector, distance, fiber mode and
so on. The switch describes the module ports with the following page.
왏 Link: Show that if the link on the port is active or not. If the link is con-
nected to a working-well device, the Link will show the link “Up”;
otherwise, it will show “Down”. This is determined by the hardware
on both devices of the connection.
No default value.
왏 State: Show that the communication function of the port is “Enabled”
or “Disabled”. When it is enabled, traffic can be transmitted and
EN
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received via this port. When it is disabled, no traffic can be transferred
through this port. Port State is configured by user.
Default: Enabled.
왏 Auto Nego.: Show the exchange mode of Ethernet MAC. There are
two modes supported in the switch. They are auto-negotiation mode
“Enabled” and forced mode “Disabled”. When in “Enabled” mode,
this function will automatically negotiate by hardware itself and
EN
exchange each other the capability of speed and duplex mode with
other site which is linked, and comes out the best communication
way. When in “Disabled” mode, both parties must have the same setting of speed and duplex, otherwise, both of them will not be linked.
In this case, the link result is “Down”.
Default: Enabled
왏 Speed / Duplex : Display the speed and duplex of all port. There are
three speeds 10Mbps, 100Mbps and 1000Mbps supported for TP
media, and the duplex supported is half duplex and full duplex. If the
media is 1Gbps fiber, it is 1000Mbps supported only. The status of
speed/duplex mode is determined by 1) the negotiation of both local
port and link partner in “Auto Speed” mode or 2) user setting in
“Force” mode. The local port has to be preset its capability.
In port 1 – 24, they are supported Fast Ethernet with TP media only,
so the result will show 100M/Full or 100M/Half, 10M/Full and 10M/
Half duplex.
In port 25 and port 26, if the media is 1000Mbps with TP media, it
will show the combinations of 10/100M and Full/Half duplex,
1000Mbps and Full duplex only. If the media is 1000Mbps with fiber
media, it will show only 1000M/Full duplex.
Default: None, depends on the result of the negotiation.
왏 Rx Pause: The way that the port adopts to process the PAUSE frame.
If it shows “on”, the port will care the PAUSE frame; otherwise, the
port will ignore the PAUSE frame.
Default: None
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왏 Tx Pause: It decides that whether the port transmits the PAUSE frame
or not. If it shows “on”, the port will send PAUSE frame; otherwise,
the port will not send the PAUSE frame.
Default: None.
쮿 Parameter description of Port 25 and Port 26:
왏 Connector Type: Display the connector type, for instance, UTP, SC, ST,
LC and so on.
왏 Fiber Type: Display the fiber mode, for instance, Multi-Mode, Single-
Mode.
왏 Tx Central Wavelength: Display the fiber optical transmitting central
wavelength, for instance, 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm and so on.
왏 Baud Rate: Display the maximum baud rate of the fiber module sup-
ported, for instance, 10M, 100M, 1G and so on.
왏 Vendor OUI: Display the Manufacturer's OUI code which is assigned
by IEEE.
왏 Vendor Name: Display the company name of the module manufactu-
rer.
왏 Vendor P/N: Display the product name of the naming by module
manufacturer.
왏 Vendor Rev (Revision): Display the module revision.
왏 Vendor SN (Serial Number): Show the serial number assigned by the
manufacturer.
EN
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왏 Date Code: Show the date this module was made.
왏 Temperature: Show the current temperature of module.
왏 Vcc: Show the working DC voltage of module.
왏 Mon1(Bias) mA: Show the Bias current of module.
왏 Mon2(TX PWR): Show the transmit power of module.
왏 Mon3(RX PWR): Show the receiver power of module.
EN
4.2.2 Port Configuration
Port Configuration is applied to change the setting of each port. In this configuration function, you can set/reset the following functions. All of them are
described in detail below.
쮿 Function name: Port Configuration
쮿 Function Description: It is used to set each port’s operation mode. The
switch supports 3 parameters for each port. They are State, Speed/Duplex
and Flow Control.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 State: Set the communication capability of the port is Enabled or
Disabled. When enabled, traffic can be transmitted and received via
this port. When disabled, the port is blocked and no traffic can be
transferred through this port. Port State is configurable by the user.
There are only two states “Enable” and “Disable” able to choose. If
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you set a port’s state “Disable”, then that port is prohibited to pass
any traffic, even it looks Link up.
Default: Enable.
왏 Speed/Duplex: Set the speed and duplex of the port. In speed, 10/
100Mbps baud rate is available for Fast Ethernet, Gigabit module in
port 25, 26. If the media is 1Gbps fiber, it is always 1000Mbps and
the duplex is full only. If the media is TP, the Speed/Duplex is comprised of the combination of speed mode, 10/100/1000Mbps, and duplex mode, full duplex and half duplex. The following table summarized
the function the media supports.
Media type NWay Speed Duplex
100M TP ON/OFF 10/100M Full/Half
1000M TP ON/OFF 10/100/1000M Full for all, Half for 10/100
1000M Fiber ON/OFF 1000M Full
In Auto-negotiation mode, no default value. In Forced mode, default
value depends on your setting.
왏 Flow Control: There are two modes to choose in flow control, inclu-
ding Symmetric and Asymmetric. If flow control is set Symmetric, both
parties can send PAUSE frame to the transmitting device(s) if the
receiving port is too busy to handle. When it is set Asymmetric, this
will let the receiving port care the PAUSE frame from transmitting
device(s), but it doesn’t send PAUSE frame. This is one-way flow control.
Default: Symmetric.
EN
4.2.3 Simple Counter
The function of Simple Counter collects any information and provides the
counting about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the following figure, the window can show all ports’ counter information at
the same time. Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflowing, the counter will be reset and restart counting. The data is updated every
time interval defined by the user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The
Refresh Interval is used to set the update frequency. Default update time is 3
seconds.
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EN
쮿 Function name: Simple Counter
쮿 Function Description: Display the summary counting of each port’s traffic,
including Tx Byte, Rx Byte, Tx Packet, Rx Packet, Tx Collision and Rx Error
Packet.
쮿 Parameters Description:
왏 Tx Byte: Total transmitted bytes.
왏 Rx Byte: Total received bytes.
왏 Tx Packet: The counting number of the packet transmitted.
왏 Rx Packet: The counting number of the packet received.
왏 Tx Collision: Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
왏 Rx Error Packet: Number of bad packets received.
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4.2.4 Detail Counter
The function of Detail Counter collects any information and provides the
counting about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the following figure the window can show only one port counter information at the same time. To see another port’s counter, you have to pull down
the list of Select, then you will see the figures displayed about the port you
had chosen.
Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter will
be reset and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined
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by the user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to
set the update frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.
쮿 Function name: detail Counter
쮿 Function Description: Display the detailed counting number of each port’s
traffic. The window can show all counter information of each port at one
time.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Rx Packets: The counting number of the packet received.
왏 Rx Octets: Total received bytes.
왏 Rx Errors: Number of bad packets received.
왏 Rx Unicast Packets: Show the counting number of the received unicast
packet.
왏 Rx Broadcast Packets: Show the counting number of the received
broadcast packet.
왏 Rx Multicast Packets: Show the counting number of the received mul-
ticast packet.
왏 Rx Pause Packets: Show the counting number of the received pause
packet.
왏 Tx Collisions: Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
왏 Tx Single Collision: Number of frames transmitted that experienced
exactly one collision.
왏 Tx Multiple Collision: Number of frames transmitted that experienced
more than one collision.
EN
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왏 Tx Drop Packets: Number of frames dropped due to excessive colli-
sion, late collision, or frame aging.
왏 Tx Deferred Transmit: Number of frames delayed to transmission due
to the medium is busy.
왏 Tx Late Collision: Number of times that a collision is detected later
than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a frame.
왏 Tx Excessive Collision: Number of frames that are not transmitted
EN
because the frame experienced 16 transmission attempts.
왏 Packets 64 Octets: Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad
packets received.
왏 Packets 65-127 Octets: Number of 65 ~ 127-byte frames in good and
bad packets received.
왏 Packets 128-255 Octets: Number of 128 ~ 255-byte frames in good
and bad packets received.
왏 Packets 256-511 Octets: Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good
and bad packets received.
왏 Packets 512-1023 Octets: Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in
good and bad packets received.
왏 Packets 1024- 1522 Octets: Number of 1024-1522-byte frames in
good and bad packets received.
왏 Tx Packets: The counting number of the packet transmitted.
왏 TX Octets: Total transmitted bytes.
왏 Tx Unicast Packets: Show the counting number of the transmitted uni-
cast packet.
왏 Tx Broadcast Packets: Show the counting number of the transmitted
broadcast packet.
왏 Tx Multicast Packets: Show the counting number of the transmitted
multicast packet.
왏 Tx Pause Packets: Show the counting number of the transmitted pause
packet.
왏 Rx FCS Errors: Number of bad FSC packets received.
왏 Rx Alignment Errors: Number of Alignment errors packets received.
왏 Rx Fragments: Number of short frames (< 64 bytes) with invalid CRC.
왏 Rx Jabbers: Number of long frames(according tomax_length register)
with invalid CRC.
왏 Rx Drop Packets: Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer.
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왏 Rx Undersize Packets: Number of short frames (<64 Bytes) with valid
CRC.
왏 Rx Oversize Packets: Number of long frames(according to max_length
register) with valid CRC.
쮿 Function name: PoE Status
쮿 Function Description: Display the information about the PoE status.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Vmain: The volt is supplied by the PoE.
왏 Imain: The sum of the current that every port supplies.
왏 Pconsume: The sum of the power that every port supplies.
왏 Power Limit: The maximal power that the switch can supply (Read
Only).
왏 Temperature: The temperature of the chip on PoE.
왏 Port No: Port number.
왏 Port On: Shows whether the port is supplying the power to the PD or
not.
왏 AC Disconnect Port Off: Port is turned off due to the AC Disconnect
function.
왏 DC Disconnect Port Off: Port is turned off due to the DC Disconnect
function.
EN
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왏 Overload Port Off: The switch will stop supplyin g the power to the port
due to the power required by the PD that is linked to the port on the
switch excesses the Class setting of the PD.
왏 Short Circuit Port Off: The switch will stop supplying the power to the
port if it detects that the PD linked to the port is short circuit.
왏 Over Temp. Protection: The port of the switch will be disabled due to
fast transient rise in temperature to 240
o
C.
EN
to 200
왏 Power Management Port Off: Due to total power required by all PDs
linked to the switch excesses the power limit, so the switch stops supplying the power to this port after referring to the information of the
priority.
쮿 Function name: PoE Configuration
쮿 Function description: In PoE Port Management function, user can confi-
gure the settings about PoE.
The switch complies with IEEE 802.3af protocol and be capable of detec-
ting automatically that whether the device linked to the port on the switch
is a PD (Powered Device) or not. The switch also manages the power supplement based on the Class of the PD, and it will stop supplying the power
o
C or slow rise in temperature
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once the power required by the PD excesses the Class, Short Circuits or
over temperature occurs.
EN
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Status: Include “Normal” or “Active” two kinds of status. The former
means the port is ready to link and supply the power to the PD at any
time. The latter means the port is in the condition of supplying the
power.
왏 State: “Enable” means the manager allows the power supplied to the
PD is legal while the port linked to the PD; “Disable” means the port
does not own PoE function.
왏 Priority: Three options are offered for the user to choose, including
Normal, Low and High. Default is Normal. The switch will stop supplying the power to the port based on the order of the priority Low>Normal->High in case total power required by all PDs linked to the
switch excesses the power limit. As the ports have the same priority,
then the switch will cease the power supplement from the port with
the highest port id (12->1).
왏 Power(W): The power is consumed by the port.
왏 Current(mA): The current is supplied to the PD by the port.
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왏 Class: The Class of the PD linked to the port of the switch.
4.4 SNMP Configuration
Any Network Management System (NMS) running the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) can manage the managed devices equipped
with the SNMP agent, provided that the Management Information Base (MIB)
is installed correctly on the managed devices. The SNMP is a protocol that is
EN
used to govern the transfer of information between the SNMP manager and
agent and traverses the Object Identity (OID) of the Management Information
Base (MIB), described in the form of Structure Management Information
(SMI). The SNMP agent is running on the switch to response the request
issued by the SNMP manager.
Basically, it is passive except issuing the trap information. The switch supports
a switch to turn on or off the SNMP agent. If you set the field SNMP “Enable”,
the SNMP agent will be started up. All supported MIB OIDs, including RMON
MIB, can be accessed via the SNMP manager. If the field SNMP is set
“Disable”, the SNMP agent will be de- activated, the related Community
Name, Trap Host IP Address, Trap and all MIB counters will be ignored.
쮿 Function name: SNMP Configuration
쮿 Function Description: This function is used to configure SNMP settings,
community name, trap host and public traps as well as the throttle of
SNMP. A SNMP manager must pass the authentication by identifying both
community names, then it can access the MIB information of the target
device. So, both parties must have the same community name. Once completing the setting, click <Apply> button, the setting takes effect.
쮿 Parameters Description:
왏 SNMP: The term SNMP here is used for the activation or de-activation
of SNMP.
Default is Enable.
왏 Get/Set/Trap Community: Community name is used as password for
authenticating if the requesting network management unit belongs to
the same community group. If they both don’t have the same community name, they don’t belong to the same group. Hence, the requesting network management unit can not access the device with
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different community name via the SNMP protocol; If they both have
the same community name, they can talk to each other.
Community name is user-definable with a maximum length of 15 characters and is case sensitive. It is not allowed to put any blank in the
community name string. Any printable character is allowable.
The community name for each function works independently. Each
function has its own community name. Say, the community name for
GET only works for the GET function and can’t be applied to other
function such as SET and Trap.
Default SNMP function : Enable
Default community name for GET: public
Default community name for SET: private
Default community name for Trap: public
Default Set function : Enable
Default trap host IP address: 0.0.0.0
Default port number :162
왏 Trap:
In the switch, there are 6 trap hosts supported. Each of them has its
own community name and IP address; is user-definable. To set up a
trap host means to create a trap manager by assigning an IP address
to host the trap message. In other words, the trap host is a network
management unit with SNMP manager receiving the trap message
from the managed switch with SNMP agent issuing the trap message.
6 trap hosts can prevent the important trap message from being lost.
For each public trap, the switch supports the trap event Cold Start,
Warm Start, Link Down, Link Up and Authentication Failure Trap. They
can be enabled or disabled individually in the menu alarm > events.
For the configuration of the traps use the function alarm and events.
When enabled, the corresponded trap will actively send a trap message to the trap host when a trap happens. If all public traps are
disabled, no public trap message will be sent. The Enterprise (no. 6)
EN
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trap is classified as private trap. It is listed in the Trap Alarm Configuration function folder.
Default for all public traps: Enable.
EN
4.5 DHCP Boot
The DHCP Boot function is used to spread the request broadcast packet into
a bigger time frame. This prevents traffic congestion due to broadcast packets.
F.e. when the whole building or block lost power.
At that moment, a bunch of switches and other network devices on the LAN
will try its best to find the DHCP, boot or other server(s) to get the services up
and running. They will issue many broadcast packets in the network.
The switch supports a random delay time for DHCP and boot delay for each
device. This suppresses the broadcast storm while all devices are at booting
stage in the same time. The maximum user-defined delay time is 30 sec. If
DHCP Broadcasting Suppression function is enabled, the delay time is set randomly, ranging from 0 to 30 seconds, because the delay time is computed by
the switch itself. The default is “Disable”.
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4.6 IGMP Snooping
The function, IGMP Snooping, is used to establish the multicast groups to forward the multicast packet to the member ports, and, in nature, avoids wasting
the bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the network. This
is because a switch that does not support IGMP or IGMP Snooping can not tell
the multicast packet from the broadcast packet, so it can only treat them all
as the broadcast packet. Without IGMP Snooping, the multicast packet forwarding function is plain and nothing is different from broadcast packet.
A switch supported IGMP Snooping with the functions of query, report and
leave, a type of packet exchanged between IP Multicast Router/Switch and IP
Multicast Host, can update the information of the Multicast table when a
member (port) joins or leaves an IP Multicast Destination Address. With this
function, once a switch receives an IP multicast packet, it will forward the
packet to the members who joined in a specified IP multicast group before.
The packets will be discarded by the IGMP Snooping if the user transmits multicast packets to the multicast group that had not been built up in advance.
EN
4.6.1 Status
쮿 Function name: IGMP Snooping Status
쮿 Function Description: IGMP is used to snoop the status of IP multicast
groups and display its associated information in both tagged VLAN and
non-tagged VLAN networks. Enabling IGMP with either passive or active
mode, you can monitor the IGMP snooping information, which contains
the multicast member list with the multicast groups, VID and member
port.
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쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 IGMP snooping mode selection: The switch supports three kinds of
IGMP Snooping status, including “Passive”, “Active” and “Disable”.
왏 Disable: Set “Disable” mode to disable IGMP Snooping function.
Default: Disable
왏 Active: In Active mode, IGMP snooping switch will periodically issue
the Membership Query message to all hosts attached to it and gather
EN
the Membership report message to update the database of the Multicast table. By the way, this also reduces the unnecessary multicast
traffic.
왏 Passive: In Passive Snooping mode, the IGMP snooping will not peri-
odically poll the hosts in the groups. The switch will send a Membership Query message to all hosts only when it has received a
Membership Query message from a router.
왏 IP Address: how all multicast groups IP addresses that are registered
on this device.
왏 VLAN ID: Shows VLAN ID for each multicast group.
왏 Member Port: Shows member ports that join each multicast group.
Member port may be only one or more than one.
66
4.6.2 Allowed Group
쮿 Function name: Allowed Group
쮿 Function Description: The Allowed Group function allows the IGMP Sno-
oping to set up the IP multicast table based on user’s specific conditions.
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IGMP report packets that meet the items you set up will be joined or formed the multicast group.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 IP Range: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid
IP range, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case
that” Custom” had been chosen, you can assigned effective IP range.
The valid range is 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255.
왏 VID: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid
VLAN VID, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you
choose “Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is
1~4094.
왏 Port: The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid port
range, including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You can select
the ports that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the
allowed group configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen.
왏 Add: A new entry of allowed group configuration can be created after
the parameters as mentioned above had been setup and then press
<Add> button.
왏 Edit: The existed entry also can be modified after pressing <Edit> but-
ton.
왏 Delete: Remove the existed entry of allowed group configuration from
the allowed group.
EN
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4.7 VLAN
The switch supports Tag-based VLAN (802.1q) and Port-based VLAN. Support
256 active VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094. VLAN configuration is used to partition your LAN into small ones as your demand. Properly configuring it, you can
gain not only improving security and increasing performance but greatly reducing VLAN management.
EN
4.7.1 VLAN Mode
쮿 Function name: VLAN Mode Setting
쮿 Function Description: The VLAN Mode Selection function includes two
modes: Port-based and Tag- based, you can choose one of them by pulling down list and pressing the <Downward> arrow key. Then, click
<Apply> button, the settings will take effect immediately.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 VLAN Mode:
Tag-based:
This is the default setting.
Tag-based VLAN identifies its member by VLAN ID. This is quite
different from port-based VLAN. If there are any more rules in
ingress filtering list or egress filtering list, the packet will be screened with more filtering criteria to determine if it can be forwarded. The switch supports supplement of 802.1q..
Each tag-based VLAN you built up must be assigned VLAN name
and VLAN ID. Valid VLAN ID is 1-4094. User can create total up
to 256 Tag VLAN groups.
Port-based:
Port-based VLAN is defined by port. Any packet coming in or outgoing from any one port of a port-based VLAN will be accepted.
No filtering criterion applies in port-based VLAN. The only criterion is the physical port you connect to. For example, for a portbased VLAN named PVLAN-1 contains port members Port
1&2&3&4. If you are on the port 1, you can communicate with
port 2&3&4. If you are on the port 5, then you cannot talk to them.
Each port-based VLAN you built up must be assigned a group
na me. Thi s sw itc h ca n sup por t up to m axi mal 26 po rt- bas ed V LAN
groups.
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왏 Symmetric VLAN: This is a Ingress Rule (Rule 1, The Ingress Filtering
Rule 1 is “forward only packets with VID matching this port’s configured VID”.). For example, if port 1 receives a tagged packet with
VID=100 (VLAN name=VLAN100), and if Symmetric-VLAN function is
enabled, the switch will check if port 1 is a member of VLAN100. If
yes, the received packet is forwarded; otherwise, the received packet
is dropped.
Note: If Symmetric is enabled and port 1, for example, receives an
untagged packet, the switch will apply the Port VLAN ID (PVID) of port
1 to tag this packet, the packet then will be forwarded. But if the Port
VLAN ID of port 1 is not 100, the packet will be dropped.
왏 SVL (Shared VLAN Learning): While SVL is enable, all VLANs use the
same filtering database storing the membership information of the
VLAN to learn or look up the membership information of the VLAN.
While SVL is disable, it means learning mode is IVL (Independent
VLAN Learning). In this mode, different VLAN uses different filtering
database storing the membership information of the VLAN to learn or
look up the information of a VLAN member.
왏 Double Tag: Double-tag mode belongs to the tag-based mode, howe-
ver, it would treat all frames as the untagged ones, which means that
tag with PVID will be added into all packets. Then, these packets will
be forwarded as Tag-based VLAN. So, the incoming packets with tag
will become the double-tag ones.
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4.7.2 Tag-based Group
쮿 Function name: Tag-based Group Configuration
쮿 Function Description: It shows the information of existed Tag-based VLAN
Groups. You can also easily create, edit and delete a Tag-based VLAN
group by pressing <Add>, <Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User
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can add a new VLAN group by inputting a new VLAN name and VLAN ID
after pressing <Add> button.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 VLAN Name: The name defined by administrator is associated with a
VLAN group. Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “
The maximal length is 15 characters.
왏 VID: VLAN identifier. Each tag-based VLAN group has a unique VID.
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It appears only in tag-based and Double-tag mode.
왏 Member: This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the
new added VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just
tick the check box beside the port x to enable it.
- “ and “_” characters.
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Add Group: Input the VLAN name, VID and then choose the member by ticking
the check box beside the port No. to create a new Tag-based VLAN. As to the
parameter of Untag, it stands for an egress rule of the port. If you tick the
check box beside the port No., packets with this VID outgoing from this port
will be untagged. Finally, press the <Apply> button to have the setting taken
effect.
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왏 Delete Group: Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected
group entry from the Tag-based group table.
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4.7.3 PVID
쮿 Function name: PVID
왏 Edit a group: ust select a group entry and press the <Edit> button,
then you can modify a group’s description, member and untag settings.
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쮿 Function Description: In PVID Setting, user can input VID number to each
port. The range of VID number is from 1 to 4094. User also can choose
ingress filtering rule (Rule 2) to each port. The Ingress Filtering Rule 2 is
“drop untagged frame”. While Rule 2 is enabled, the port will discard all
Untagged-frames.
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쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Port 1-26: Port number.
왏 PVID: This PVID range will be 1-4094. Before you set a number x as
PVID, you have to create a Tag-based VLAN with VID x. For example,
if port x receives an untagged packet, the switch will apply the PVID
(assume as VID y) of port x to tag this packet, the packet then will be
forwarded as the tagged packet with VID y.
왏 Default Priority: It bases on 802.1p QoS and affects untagged
packets. When the packets enter the switch, it would get the priority
precedence according to your Default Priority setting and map to
802.1p priority setting in QoS function. For example, while you set
Default Priority of port 2 with 2 and transmit untagged packets to port
2, these packets will own priority 2 precedence due to your default
802.1p Priority Mapping setting in QoS function and be put into
Queue 1.
왏 Drop Untag: Drop untagged frame. You can configure a given port to
accept all frames (Tagged and Untagged) or just receive tagged frame.
If the former is the case, then the packets with tagged or untagged
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will be processed. If the later is the case, only the packets carrying
VLAN tag will be processed, the rest packets will be discarded.
4.7.4 Port-based Group
쮿 Function name: Port-based Group Configuration
쮿 Function Description: It shows the information of the existed Port-based
VLAN Groups. You can easily create, edit and delete a Port-based VLAN
group by pressing <Add>, <Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User
can add a new VLAN group by inputting a new VLAN name.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 VLAN Name: The name defined by administrator is associated with a
VLAN group. Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “
The maximal length is 15 characters.
왏 Member: This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the
new added VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just
tick the check box beside the port x to enable it.
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- “ and “_” characters.
왏 Add Group: Create a new Port-based VLAN. Input the VLAN name and
choose the member by ticking the check box beside the port No.,
then, press the <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
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왏 Delete Group: Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected
group entry from the Port-based group table.
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왏 Edit a group: Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button,
then you can modify a group‘s description and member set.
4.8 MAC Table
MAC Table Configuration gathers many functions, including MAC Table Information, MAC Table Maintenance, Static and MAC Alias, which cannot be
categorized to some function type. They are described below.
쮿 Function name: MAC Table Information
쮿 Function Description: Display the static or dynamic learning MAC entry
and the state for the selected port.
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쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Port: Select the port you would like to inquire.
왏 Search: Set up the MAC entry you would like to inquire.
The default is ??-??- ??- ??- ??- ??
왏 MAC: Display the MAC address of one entry you selected from the
searched MAC entries table.
왏 Alias: Set up the Alias for the selected MAC entry.
왏 Set Alias: Save the Alias of MAC entry you set up.
왏 Search: Find the entry that meets your setup.
왏 Previous Page: Move to the previous page.
왏 Next Page: Move to the next page.
왏 Alias: The Alias of the searched entry.
왏 MAC Address:The MAC address of the searched entry.
왏 Port: The port that exists in the searched MAC Entry.
왏 VID: VLAN Group that MAC Entry exists.
왏 State: Display the method that this MAC Entry is built. It may show
“Dynamic MAC” or “Static MAC”.
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쮿 Function Name: MAC Table Maintenance
쮿 Function Description: This function can allow the user to set up the pro-
cessing mechanism of MAC Table. An idle MAC address exceeding MAC
Address Age-out Time will be removed from the MAC Table. The range of
Age- out Time is 10-1000000 seconds, and the setup of this time will have
no effect on static MAC addresses.
In addition, the learning limit of MAC maintenance is able to limit the
amount of MAC that each port can learn.
쮿 Parameter Description:
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왏 Aging Time: Delete a MAC address idling for a period of time from the
MAC Table, which will not affect static MAC address. Range of MAC
Address Aging Time is 10-1000000 seconds. The default Aging Time
is 300 seconds.
왏 Learning Limit: To set up the maximum amount of MAC that each port
can learn. Valid value of learning limit for port 1~24 ranges from 0-
8191. As to port 25~port 26, only the fixed value “8192” is assigned
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to these two ports and user cannot configure this value.
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쮿 Function Name: Static Setting
쮿 Function Description: The function of Static is used to configure MAC’s
real manners inside of the switch. Three kinds of manners including static,
static with destination drop and static with source drop are contained in
this function .
As “static” is chosen, assign a MAC address to a specific port, all of the
switch’s traffics sent to this MAC address will be forwarded to this port.
As “static with destination drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if
its DA is equal to the value you set up. Due to this setting belongs to the
global one, so, it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.
As “static with source drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if its SA
is equal to the value you set up. Due to this setting belongs to the global
one, so, it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.
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쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 MAC: It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually
expressed by hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
왏 00 – 40 - C7 - D6 – 00 - 01
왏 VID: VLAN identifier. This will be filled only when tagged VLAN is
applied. Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.
왏 Queue (Priority): Set up the priority( 0~3) for the MAC.
왏 Forwarding Rule(Drop Policy):
Static: A MAC address is assigned to a specific port, all of the
switch’s traf fics sent to this MAC address will be forwarded to this
port.
Static with Destination Drop: While the DA of the incoming
packets meets the value you set up, these packets will be dropped.
Static with Source Drop: While the SA of the incoming packets
meets the value you set up, these packets will be dropped.
왏 Port : Select the port No. you would like to do setup in the switch. It
is 1 ~26.
쮿 Function name: MAC Alias
쮿 Function Description: MAC Alias function is used to let you assign MAC
address a plain English name. This will help you tell which MAC address
belongs to which user in the illegal access report. At the initial time, it
shows all pairs of the existed alias name and MAC address.
There are three MAC alias functions in this function folder, including MAC
Alias Add, MAC Alias Edit and MAC Alias Delete. You can click <Create/
Edit> button to add/modify a new or an existed alias name for a specified
MAC address, or mark an existed entry to delete it. Alias name must be
composed of A-Z, a-z and 0-9 only and has a maximal length of 15 characters.
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쮿 Function name: MAC Alias Create/Edit or Delete
쮿 Function Description: In the MAC Alias function, MAC Alias Add/Edit func-
tion is used to let you add or modify an association between MAC address
and a plain English name. User can click <Create/Edit> button to add a
new record with name.
As to MAC Alias Delete function is used to let you remove an alias name
to a MAC address. You can select an existed MAC address or alias name
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to remove.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 MAC Address:It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usu-
ally expressed by hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 40 - C7 - D6 – 00 - 02
왏 Alias: MAC alias name you assign.
Note: If there are too many MAC addresses learned in the table, we
recommend you inputting the MAC address and alias name directly.
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4.9 GVRP Configuration
GVRP (Generic VLAN Registration Protocol) is an application based on Generic
Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP), mainly used to automatically and
dynamically maintain the group membership information of the VLANs. The
GVRP offers the function providing the VLAN registration service through a
GARP application. It makes use of GARP Information Declaration (GID) to
maintain the ports associated with their attribute database and GARP Information Propagation (GIP) to communicate among switches and end stations.
With GID information and GIP, GVRP state machine maintain the contents of
Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN and propagate these information to other GVRP-aware devices to setup and update their knowledge
database, the set of VLANs associated with currently active members, and
through which ports these members can be reached.
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In GVRP Configuration function folder, there are three functions supported,
including GVRP Config, GVRP Counter and GVRP Group explained below.
쮿 Function name: GVRP Config
F
unction Description: In the function of GVRP Config, it is used to confi-
쮿
gure each port’s GVRP operation mode, in which there are seven parameters needed to be configured described below.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 GVRP State Setting: This function is simply to let you enable or disable
GVRP function. You can pull down the list and click the <Downward>
arrow key to choose “Enable” or “Disable”. Then, click the <Apply>
button, the system will take effect immediately.
왏 Join Time:
왏 Used to declare the Join Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time range:
20 –100 centisecond, Default: 20 centisecond.
왏 Leave Time:
왏 Used to declare the Leave Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time
range: 60 –300 centisecond, Default: 60 centisecond.
왏 Leave All Time: A time period for announcement that all registered
device is going to be de-registered. If someone still issues a new join,
then a registration will be kept in the switch. Valid range: 1000-5000
unit time, Default: 1000 unit time.
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왏 Default Applicant Mode: The mode here means the type of partici-
pant. There are two modes, normal participant and non-participant,
provided for the user’s choice.
왏 Normal: It is Normal Participant. In this mode, the switch participates
normally in GARP protocol exchanges. The default setting is Normal.
왏 Non-Participant: It is Non-Participant. In this mode, the switch does
not send or reply any GARP messages. It just listens messages and
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reacts for the received GVRP BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit).
왏 Default Registrar Mode: The mode here means the type of Registrar.
There are three types of parameters for registrar administrative control
value, normal registrar, fixed registrar and forbidden registrar, provided for the user’s choice.
Normal: It is Normal Registration. The Registrar responds normally to incoming GARP messages. The default setting is Normal.
Fixed: It is Registration Fixed. The Registrar ignores all GARP messages, and all members remain in the registered (IN) state.
Forbidden: It is Registration Forbidden. The Registrar ignores all
GARP messages, and all members remain in the unregistered
(EMPTY) state.
왏 Restricted Mode: This function is used to restrict dynamic VLAN be
created when this port received GVRP PDU (Protocol Data Unit). There
are two modes, disable and enable, provided for the user’s choice.
Disabled: In this mode, the switch dynamic VLAN will be created
when this port received GVRP PDU. The default setting is Normal.
Enabled: In this mode, the switch does not create dynamic VLAN
when this port received GVRP PDU. Except received dynamic
VLAN message of the GVRP PDU is an existed static VLAN in the
switch, this port will be added into the static VLAN members
dynamically.
쮿 Function name: GVRP Counter
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쮿 Function Description: All GVRP counters are mainly divided into Received
and Transmitted two categories to let you monitor the GVRP actions.
Actually, they are GARP packets.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Received:
Total GVRP Packets: Total GVRP BPDU is received by the GVRP
application.
Invalid GVRP Packets: Number of invalid GARP BPDU is received
by the GARP application.
LeaveAll Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All
message is received by the GARP application.
JoinEmpty Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Join
Empty message is received by the GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is received by the GARP application.
LeaveEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is received by
the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is received by the
GARP application.
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왏 Transm itted:
Total GVRP Packets: Total GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP
application.
Invalid GVRP Packets: Number of invalid GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP application.
LeaveAll Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All
message is transmitted by the GARP application.
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JoinEmpty Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Join
Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is transmitted by the GARP application.
LeaveEmpty Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Leave
Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets: Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.
쮿 Function name: GVRP Group Information
쮿 Function Description: To show the dynamic group member and their infor-
mation.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Current Dynamic Group Number: The number of GVRP group that are
created currently.
왏 VID: VLAN identifier. When GVRP group creates, each dynamic VLAN
group owns its VID. Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.
왏 Member Port: Those are the members belonging to the same dynamic
VLAN group.
왏 Edit Administrative Control: When you create GVRP group, you can
use Administrative Control function to change Applicant Mode and
Registrar Mode of GVRP group member.
왏 Refresh: Refresh function can help you to see current GVRP group sta-
tus.
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4.10 STP Configuration
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a standardized method (IEEE 802.1D) for
avoiding loops in switched networks. When STP is enabled, ensure that only
one path is active between any two nodes on the network at a time. User can
enable Spanning Tree Protocol on switch’s web management and then set up
other advanced items. We recommend that you enable STP on all switches to
ensure a single active path on the network.
4.10.1 STP Status
쮿 Function name: STP Status
쮿 Function Description: In the Spanning Tree Status, user can read 12 para-
meters to know STP current status. The 12 parameters’ description is listed
in the following table.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 STP State: Show the current STP Enabled / Disabled status. Default is
“Disabled”.
왏 Bridge ID: Show switch’s bridge ID which stands for the MAC address
of this switch.
왏 Bridge Priority: Show this switch’s current bridge priority setting.
Default is 32768.
왏 Designated Root: Show root bridge ID of this network segment. If this
switch is a root bridge, the “Designated Root” will show this switch’s
bridge ID.
왏 Designated Priority: Show the current root bridge priority.
왏 Root Port: Show port number connected to root bridge with the
lowest path cost.
왏 Root Path Cost: Show the path cost between the root port and the
designated port of the root bridge.
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왏 Current Max. Age: Show the current root bridge maximum age time.
Maximum age time is used to monitor if STP topology needs to
change. When a bridge does not receive a hello message from root
bridge until the maximum age time is counted down to 0, the bridge
will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and issue a Topology Change
Notification (TCN) BPDU to all other bridges.
All bridges in the LAN will re-learn and determine which the root
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bridge is. Maximum Age time is assigned by root bridge in unit of
seconds. Default is 20 seconds.
왏 Current Forward Delay: Show the current root bridge forward delay
time. The value of Forward Delay time is set by root. The Forward
Delay time is defined as the time spent from Listening state moved to
Learning state or from Learning state moved to Forwarding state of a
port in bridge.
왏 Hello Time: Show the current hello time of the root bridge. Hello time
is a time interval specified by root bridge, used to request all other
bridges periodically sending hello message every “hello time” seconds
to the bridge attached to its designated port.
왏 STP Topology Change Count: STP Topology Change Count expresses
the time spent in unit of seconds since the beginning of the Spanning
Tree Topology Change to the end of the STP convergence. Once the
STP change is converged, the Topology Change count will be reset to
0. The figures showing in the screen may not be the exact time it spent
but very close to, because the time is eclipsing.
왏 Time Since Last Topology Change: Time Since Last Topology Change is
the accumulated time in unit of seconds the STP has been since the
last STP Topology Change was made. When Topology Change is initiated again, this counter will be reset to 0. And it will also count again
once STP topology Change is completed.
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4.10.2 STP Configuration
The STP, Spanning Tree Protocol, actually includes RSTP. In the Spanning Tree
Configuration, there are six parameters open for the user to configure as
user’s idea. Each parameter description is listed below.
쮿 Function name: STP Configuration
쮿 Function Description: User can set the following Spanning Tree parame-
ters to control STP function enable/disable, select mode RSTP/STP and
affect STP state machine behavior to send BPDU in this switch. The default
setting of Spanning Tree Protocol is “Disable”.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Spanning Tree Protocol: Set 802.1W Rapid STP function Enable /
Disable. Default is “Disable”
왏 Bridge Priority: The lower the bridge priority is, the higher priority it
has. Usually, the bridge with the highest bridge priority is the root. If
you want to have the GS-2224Las root bridge, you can set this value
lower than that of bridge in the LAN. The valid value is 0 ~ 61440. The
default is 32768.
왏 Hello Time: Hello Time is used to determine the periodic time to send
normal BPDU from designated ports among bridges. It decides how
long a bridge should send this message to other bridge to tell I am
alive. When the GS-2224Lis the root bridge of the LAN, for example,
all other bridges will use the hello time assigned by this switch to
communicate with each other. The valid value is 1 ~ 10 in unit of
second.
Default is 2 seconds.
왏 Max. Age: When the GS-2224Lis the root bridge, the whole LAN will
apply this figure set by this switch as their maximum age time. When
a bridge received a BPDU originated from the root bridge and if the
message age conveyed in the BPDU exceeds the Max. Age of the root
bridge, the bridge will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and issue
a Topology Change Notification (TCN) BPDU to all other bridges. All
bridges in the LAN will re-calculate and determine who the root
bridge is. The valid value of Max. Age is 6 ~ 40 seconds. Default is 20
seconds.
왏 Forward Delay: You can set the root bridge forward delay time. This
figure is set by root bridge only. The forward delay time is defined as
the time spent from Listening state moved to Learning state and also
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from Learning state moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge. The
forward delay time contains two states, Listening state to Learning
state and Learning state to Forwarding state. It assumes that forward
delay time is 15 seconds, then total forward delay time will be 30
seconds. This has much to do with the STP convergent time which will
be more than 30 seconds because some other factors.
The valid value is 4 ~ 30 seconds, default is 15 seconds.
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왏 Force Version: Two options are offered for the user’s choosing STP
algorithm. One is RSTP and the other is STP. If STP is chosen, RSTP will
run as a legacy STP. The switch supports RSTP (802.1w) which is backward compatible with STP (802.1d).
4.10.3 STP Port Configuration
쮿 Function name: STP Port Setting
쮿 Function Description: In the STP Port Setting, one item selection and five
parameters settings are offered for user’s setup. User can disable and
enable each port by selecting each Port Status item. User also can set
“Path Cost” and “Priority” of each port by filling in the desired value and
set “Admin Edge Port” and “Admin Point To Point” by selecting the desired
item.
쮿 Parameter Description:
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왏 Port Status: It displays the current state of a port. We cannot manually
set it because it displays the status only. There are three possible states. ( according to 802.1w specification)
DISCARDING state indicates that this port can neither forward
packets nor contribute learning knowledge.
Notice: Three other states (Disable state, BLOCKING state and LISTENING state) defined in the 802.1d specification are now all represented as DISCARDING state.
LEARNING state indicates this port can now contribute its learning knowledge but cannot forward packets still.
FORWARDING state indicates this port can both contribute its
learning knowledge and forward packets normally.
왏 Path Cost Status: It is the contribution value of the path through this
port to Root Bridge. STP algorithm determines a best path to Root
Bridge by calculating the sum of path cost contributed by all ports on
this path. A port with a smaller path cost value would become the
Root Port more possibly.
왏 Configured Path Cost: The range is 0 – 200,000,000. In the switch, if
path cost is set to be zero, the STP will get the recommended value
resulted from auto-negotiation of the link accordingly and display this
value in the field of Path Cost Status. Otherwise, it may show the value
that the administrator set up in Configured Path Cost and Path Cost
Status.
802.1w RSTP recommended value: (Valid range: 1 – 200,000,000)
10 Mbps : 2,000,000
100 Mbps : 200,000
1 Gbps : 20,000
Default: 0
왏 Priority: Priority here means Port Priority. Port Priority and Port Num-
ber are mixed to form the Port ID. Port IDs are often compared in
order to determine which port of a bridge would become the Root
Port. The range is 0 – 240.
Default is 128.
왏 Admin Edge Port: If user selects “Yes”, this port will be an edge port.
An Edge Port is a port connected to a device that knows nothing
about STP or RSTP. Usually, the connected device is an end station.
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Edge Ports will immediately transit to forwarding state and skip the
listening and learning state because the edge ports cannot create
bridging loops in the network. This will expedite the convergence.
When the link on the edge port toggles, the STP topology keeps
unchanged. Unlike the designate port or root port though, an edge
port will transit to a normal spanning-tree port immediately if it receives a BPDU.
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Default: No
왏 Admin Point To Point: say a port is a point-to-point link, from RSTP’s
view, if it is in full-duplex mode but is shared link if it is in half-duplex
mode. RSTP fast convergence can only happen on point-to-point links
and on edge ports. This can expedite the convergence because this
will have the port fast transited to forwarding state.
There are three parameters, Auto, True and False, used to configure
the type of the point-to-point link. If configure this parameter to be
Auto, it means RSTP will use the duplex mode resulted from the autonegotiation. In today’s switched networks, most links are running in
full-duplex mode. For sure, the result may be half- duplex, in this case,
the port will not fast transit to Forwarding state. If it is set as True, the
port is treated as point-to-point link by RSTP and unconditionally
transited to Forwarding state. If it is set as False, fast transition to Forwarding state will not happen on this port.
Default: Auto
M Check:
Migration Check. It forces the port sending out an RSTP BPDU instead of
a legacy STP BPDU at the next transmission. The only benefit of this ope-
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ration is to make the port quickly get back to act as an RSTP port. Click
<M Check> button to send a RSTP BPDU from the port you specified.
EN
4.11 Trunking Configuration
The Port Trunking Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link
Aggregation. You can bundle more than one port with the same speed, full
duplex and the same MAC to be a single logical port, thus the logical port
aggregates the bandwidth of these ports. This means you can apply your current Ethernet equipments to build the bandwidth aggregation. For example,
if there are three Fast Ethernet ports aggregated in a logical port, then this
logical port has bandwidth three times as high as a single Fast Ethernet port
has.
The switch supports two kinds of port trunking methods:
쐃 LACP:
Ports using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (according to IEEE 802.3ad
specification) as their trunking method can choose their unique LACP
GroupID (1~3) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using LACP
is that a port makes an agreement with its peer port before it becomes a
ready member of a “trunk group” (also called aggregator). LACP is safer
than the other trunking method - static trunk.
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The switch LACP does not support the followings:
Link Aggregation across switches
Aggregation with non-IEEE 802.3 MAC link
Operating in half-duplex mode
Aggregate the ports with different data rates
쐇 Static Trunk:
EN
Ports using Static Trunk as their trunk method can choose their unique
Static GroupID (also 1~3, this Static groupID can be the same with
another LACP groupID) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using
Static Trunk method is that a port can immediately become a member of
a trunk group without any handshaking with its peer port. This is also a
disadvantage because the peer ports of your static trunk group may not
know that they should be aggregate together to form a “logic trunked
port”. Using Static Trunk on both end of a link is strongly recommended.
Please also note that low speed links will stay in “not ready” state when
using static trunk to aggregate with high speed links.
As to system restrictions about the port aggregation function on the
switch, in the management point of view, the switch supports maximum
3 trunk groups for LACP and additional 3 trunk groups for Static Trunk. But
in the system capability view, only 3 “real trunked” groups are supported.
An LACP trunk group with more than one ready member-ports is a “real
trunked” group. An LACP trunk group with only one or less than one ready
member-ports is not a “real trunked” group. Any Static trunk group is a
“real trunked” group.
Per Trunking Group supports a maximum of 4 ready member-ports. Please
note that some decisions will automatically be made by the system while
you are configuring your trunking ports. Trunk Setting Rules are listed
below:
Rule1:Maximum 3 groups are allowed
Rule 2: The members of each group cannot exceed more than 4 ports
Rule 3: Group 1 and 2 cannot exist member 25 and 26 port
Rule 4: Group 3 cannot exist member from 1 to 24 port
쮿 Function name: Port Setting/Status
쮿 Function Description: Port setting/status is used to configure the trunk
property of each and every port in the switch system.
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쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Method: This determines the method a port uses to aggregate with
other ports.
None: A port does not want to aggregate with any other port
should choose this default setting.
LACP: A port use LACP as its trunk method to get aggregated with
other ports also using LACP.
Static: A port use Static Trunk as its trunk method to get aggregated with other ports also using Static Trunk.
왏 Group: Ports choosing the same trunking method other than “None”
must be assigned a unique Group number (i.e. Group ID, valid value
is from 1 to 3) in order to declare that they wish to aggregate with
each other.
왏 Active LACP:
This field is only referenced when a port’s trunking method is LACP.
Active:
An Active LACP port begins to send LACPDU to its link partner
right after the LACP protocol entity started to take control of this
port.
Passive:
A Passive LACP port will not actively send LACPDU out before it
receives an LACPDU from its link partner.
왏 Aggtr: Aggtr is an abbreviation of “aggregator”. Every port is also an
aggregator, and its own aggregator ID is the same as its own Port No.
We can regard an aggregator as a representative of a trunking group.
Ports with same Group ID and using same trunking method will have
the opportunity to aggregate to a particular aggregator port. This
aggregator port is usually the port with the smallest Port No. within
the trunking group.
왏 Status: This field represents the trunking status of a port which uses a
trunking method other than “None”. It also represents the management link status of a port which uses the “None” trunking method. “-
--“ means “not ready”
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EN
쮿 Function name: Aggregator View
쮿 Function Description: To display the current port trunking information
from the aggregator point of view.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Aggregator: It shows the aggregator ID (from 1 to 26) of every port.
In fact, every port is also an aggregator, and its own aggregator ID is
the same as its own Port No..
왏 Method: Show the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.
왏 Member Ports: Show all member ports of an aggregator (port).
왏 Ready Ports: Show only the ready member ports within an aggregator
(port).
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쮿 Function name: LACP Detail (LACP Aggregator Detailed Information)
쮿 Function Description: Show the detailed information of the LACP trunking
group.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Actor:
The switch you are watching on.
왏 Partner: The peer system from this aggregator’s view.
왏 System Priority: Show the System Priority part of a system ID.
왏 MAC Address: Show the MAC Address part of a system ID.
왏 Port:
Show the port number part of an LACP port ID.
왏 Key: Show the key value of the aggregator. The key value is determi-
ned by the LACP protocol entity and can’t be set through management.
왏 Trunk Status: Show the trunk status of a single member port.”---“
means “not ready”.
Zeigt ihnen den Trunk-Status eines einzelnden Portes an. Dabei bedeutet “---” das der Port nicht bereit bzw. nicht aktiv ist.### Bild von einem Aggregator fehlt.
EN
쮿 Function name: LACP System Configuration
쮿 Function Description: It is used to set the priority part of the LACP system
ID. LACP will only aggregate together the ports whose peer link partners
are all on a single system. Each system supports LACP will be assigned a
globally unique System Identifier for this purpose. A system ID is a 64-bit
field comprising a 48-bit MAC Address and 16-bit priority value.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 System Priority: The System Priority can be set by the user. Its range is
from 1 to 65535. Default: 32768.
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왏 Hash Method: DA+SA, DA and SA are three Hash methods offered for
the Link Aggregation of the switch. Packets will decide the path to
transmit according to the mode of Hash you choose.
Default: DA and SA.
EN
4.12 802.1x Configuration
802.1x port-based network access control provides a method to restrict users
to access network resources via authenticating user’s information. This restricts users from gaining access to the network resources through a 802.1xenabled port without authentication. If a user wishes to touch the network
through a port under 802.1x control, he (she) must firstly input his (her)
account name for authentication and waits for gaining authorization before
sending or receiving any packets from a 802.1x-enabled port.
Before the devices or end stations can access the network resources through
the ports under 802.1x control, the devices or end stations connected to a
controlled port send the authentication request to the authenticator, the
authenticator pass the request to the authentication server to authenticate
and verify, and the server tell the authenticator if the request get the grant of
authorization for the ports.
According to IEEE802.1x, there are three components implemented. They are
Authenticator, Supplicant and Authentication server.
Supplicant:
It is an entity being authenticated by an authenticator. It is used to communicate with the Authenticator PAE (Port Access Entity) by exchanging
the authentication message when the Authenticator PAE request to it.
Authenticator:
An entity facilitates the authentication of the supplicant entity. It controls
the state of the port, authorized or unauthorized, according to the result
of authentication message exchanged between it and a supplicant PAE.
The authenticator may request the supplicant to re-authenticate itself at
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a configured time period. Once start re-authenticating the supplicant, the
controlled port keeps in the authorized state until re-authentication fails.
A port acting as an authenticator is thought to be two logical ports, a controlled port and an uncontrolled port. A controlled port can only pass the
packets when the authenticator PAE is authorized, and otherwise, an
uncontrolled port will unconditionally pass the packets with PAE group
MAC address, which has the value of 01-80-c2-00- 00- 03 and will not be
forwarded by MAC bridge, at any time.
Authentication server:
A device provides authentication service, through EAP, to an authenticator by using authentication credentials supplied by the supplicant to
determine if the supplicant is authorized to access the network resource.
The overview of operation flow for the following figure is quite simple. When
Supplicant PAE issues a request to Authenticator PAE, Authenticator and Supplicant exchanges authentication message. Then, Authenticator passes the
request to RADIUS server to verify. Finally, RADIUS server replies if the request
is granted or denied.
While in the authentication process, the message packets, encapsulated by
Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL), are exchanged between
an authenticator PAE and a supplicant PAE. The Authenticator exchanges the
message to authentication server using EAP encapsulation. Before successfully authenticating, the supplicant can only touch the authenticator to perform authentication message exchange or access the network from the
uncontrolled port.
EN
In this figure is the typical configuration, a single supplicant, an authenticator
and an authentication server. B and C is in the internal network, D is Authen-
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tication server running RADIUS, switch at the central location acts Authenticator connecting to PC A and A is a PC outside the controlled port, running
Supplicant PAE. In this case, PC A wants to access the services on device B and
C, first, it must exchange the authentication message with the authenticator
on the port it connected via EAPOL packet. The authenticator transfers the
supplicant’s credentials to Authentication server for verification. If success,
the authentication server will notice the authenticator the grant. PC A, then,
is allowed to access B and C via the switch. If there are two switches directly
EN
connected together instead of single one, for the link connecting two switches, it may have to act two port roles at the end of the link: authenticator
and supplicant, because the traffic is bi-directional.
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The figure shows the procedure of 802.1x authentication. There are steps for
the login based on 802.1x port access control management. The protocol
used in the right side is EAPOL and the left side is EAP.
쐃 At the initial stage, the supplicant A is unauthenticated and a port on
switch acting as an authenticator is in unauthorized state. So the access
is blocked in this stage.
쐇 Initiating a session. Either authenticator or supplicant can initiate the
message exchange. If supplicant initiates the process, it sends EAPOLstart packet to the authenticator PAE and authenticator will immediately
respond EAP-Request/Identity packet.
쐋 The authenticator always periodically sends EAP-Request/Identity to the
supplicant for requesting the identity it wants to be authenticated.
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쐏 If the authenticator doesn’t send EAP-Request/Identity, the supplicant will
initiate EAPOL-Start the process by sending to the authenticator.
쐄 And next, the Supplicant replies an EAP-Response/Identity to the authen-
ticator. The authenticator will embed the user ID into Radius-AccessRequest command and send it to the authentication server for confirming
its identity.
쐂 After receiving the Radius-Access-Request, the authentication server
sends Radius-Access-Challenge to the supplicant for asking for inputting
user password via the authenticator PAE.
쐆 The supplicant will convert user password into the credential information,
perhaps, in MD5 format and replies an EAP-Response with this credential
information as well as the specified authentication algorithm (MD5 or
OTP) to Authentication server via the authenticator PAE. As per the value
of the type field in message PDU, the authentication server knows which
algorithm should be applied to authenticate the credential information,
EAP-MD5 (Message Digest 5) or EAP-OTP (One Time Password) or other
else algorithm.
쐊 If user ID and password is correct, the authentication server will send a
Radius-Access- Accept to the authenticator. If not correct, the authentication server will send a Radius-Access- Reject.
쐎 When the authenticator PAE receives a Radius-Access-Accept, it will send
an EAP-Success to the supplicant. At this time, the supplicant is authorized and the port connected to the supplicant and under 802.1x control is
in the authorized state. The supplicant and other devices connected to this
port can access the network. If the authenticator receives a RadiusAccess-Reject, it will send an EAP-Failure to the supplicant. This means
the supplicant is failed to authenticate. The port it connected is in the
unauthorized state, the supplicant and the devices connected to this port
won’t be allowed to access the network.
EN
쐅 When the supplicant issue an EAP-Logoff message to Authentication ser-
ver, the port you are using is set to be unauthorized.
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EN
Only MultiHost 802.1X is the type of authentication supported in the switch.
In this mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a supplicant is
authorized, the devices connected to this port can access the network
resource through this port.
802.1x Port-based Network Access Control function supported by the switch
is little bit complex, for it just support basic Multihost mode, which can distinguish the device’s MAC address and its VID. The following table is the summary of the combination of the authentication status and the port status
versus the status of port mode, set in 802.1x Port mode, port control state, set
in 802.1x port setting. Here Entry Authorized means MAC entry is authorized.
Port Mode Port Control Authentication Port Status
Disable Don’t Care Don’t Care Port Uncontrolled
Multihost Auto Successful Port Authorized
Multihost Auto Failure Port Unauthorized
Multihost ForceUnauthorized Don’t Care Port Unauthorized
Multihost ForceAuthorized Don’t Care Port Authorized
Table 3- 3
쮿 Function name: 802.1x State Setting
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쮿 Function Description: This function is used to configure the global para-
meters for RADIUS authentication in 802.1x port security application.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Radius Server: RADIUS server IP address for authentication.
Default: 192.168.1.1
왏 Port Number: The port number to communicate with RADIUS server
for the authentication service. The valid value ranges 1-65535.
Default port number is 1812.
왏 Secret Key: The secret key between authentication server and authen-
ticator. It is a string with the length 1 – 31 characters. The character
string may contain upper case, lower case and 0-9. It is character
sense. It is not allowed for putting a blank between any two characters.
Default: Radius.
EN
쮿 Function name: 802.1x Mode Setting
쮿 Function Description: Set the operation mode of 802.1X for each port. In
this device, it supports only Multi-host operation mode.
쮿 Parameter Description:
왏 Port Number: Indicate which port is selected to configure the 802.1x
operation mode.
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