LaMotte SMART Link 2 User Manual

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SMART3

Soil

1985-05-MN

1.11

CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION 

Packaging & Delivery ...................................................................................... 4

General Precautions ...................................................................................... 4

Safety Precautions ......................................................................................... 4

Limits of Liability ............................................................................................. 5

Warranty ......................................................................................................... 5

Specifications ................................................................................................ 6

Statistical and Technical Definitions ............................................................... 7

Contents and Accessories ............................................................................. 8

EPA Compliance ............................................................................................ 9

CE Compliance .............................................................................................. 9

IP 67 Certification ............................................................................................ 9

CHEMICAL TESTING 

An Introduction to Colorimetric Analysis ..................................................... 10

Reagent Blank ............................................................................................. 11

Colorimeter Tubes ....................................................................................... 11

Meter Care .................................................................................................... 11

Sample Dilution & Volumetric Measurements ............................................ 12

Interferences ................................................................................................ 13

Stray Light Interference ............................................................................... 14

OPERATION OF THE SMART 3 COLORIMETER 

Overview ...................................................................................................... 14

Components ................................................................................................ 15

GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES 

The Keypad ................................................................................................. 16

Sample Holders ............................................................................................ 16

The Display & the Menus ............................................................................ 17

Looping Menus ............................................................................................. 19

TESTING 

Testing Menu ............................................................................................... 20

Test Sequences ........................................................................................... 21

General Testing Procedures ........................................................................ 21

Testing With LaMotte Pre-Programmed Tests ............................................. 22

Calibrating LaMotte Pre-Progammed Tests ................................................. 24

EDITING MENU 

Editing a Sequence ..................................................................................... 28

Adding a Test ................................................................................................ 30

Deleting a Test ............................................................................................... 32

Creating a Soil Test Sequences .................................................................... 34

Setting the Clock .......................................................................................... 40

Logging Data ................................................................................................ 41

Factory Setup ............................................................................................... 42

Setting the Power Save Function ................................................................. 42

Setting the Backlight Time ............................................................................ 43

Selecting a Language ................................................................................... 44

COMPUTER CONNECTION 

PC Link .......................................................................................................... 46

Output .......................................................................................................... 46

Computer Connection .................................................................................. 46

SMARTLink 3 ................................................................................................. 46

BATTERY 

Battery/AC Operation .................................................................................... 47

Battery Replacement ..................................................................................... 47

MAINTENANCE 

Cleaning ...................................................................................................... 48

Repairs .......................................................................................................... 48

Meter Disposal .............................................................................................. 48

TROUBLESHOOTING 

Error Messages ............................................................................................ 49

Troubleshooting Guide ................................................................................. 49

SMART3 SOIL TEST PROCEDURES .................................................... 51

GENERAL INFORMATION

PACKAGING & DELIVERY 

Experienced packaging personnel at LaMotte Company assure adequate protection against normal hazards encountered in transportation of shipments. After the product leaves the manufacturer, all responsibility for its safe delivery is assured by the transportation company. Damage claims must be filed immediately with the transportation company to receive compensation for damaged goods.

Should it be necessary to return the instrument for repair or servicing, pack instrument carefully in a suitable container with adequate packing material. A return authorization number must be obtained from LaMotte Company by calling 1-800-344-3100 or emailing tech@lamotte.com. Attach a letter with the authorization number to the shipping carton which describes the kind of trouble experienced. This valuable information will enable the service department to make the required repairs more efficiently.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 

Before attempting to set up or operate this instrument it is important to read the instruction manual. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or damage to the equipment.

The SMART3 Colorimeter should not be stored or used in a wet or corrosive environment. Care should be taken to prevent water or reagent chemicals from wet colorimeter tubes from entering the colorimeter chamber.

NEVER PUT WET TUBES IN COLORIMETER.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 

Read the labels on all LaMotte reagent containers prior to use. Some containers include precautionary notices and first aid information. Certain reagents are considered hazardous substances and are designated with a * in the instruction manual. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) can be found at www.lamotte. com. Read the MSDS before using these reagents. Additional emergency information for all LaMotte reagents is available 24 hours a day from the Poison Control Center listed in the front of the phone book or by contacting the 24 hour emergency line for ChemTel 1-800-255-3924 (USA, Canada, Puerto Rico); locations outside the North American Continent 813-248-0585 (call collect). Be prepared to supply the name and four-digit LaMotte code number found on the container label or at the top of the MSDS or in the contents list of the procedure. LaMotte reagents are registered with a computerized poison control information system available to all local poison control centers.

Keep equipment and reagent chemicals out of the reach of young children.

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LIMITS OF LIABILITY 

Under no circumstances shall LaMotte Company be liable for loss of life, property, profits, or other damages incurred through the use or misuse of its products.

WARRANTY 

LaMotte Company warrants this instrument to be free of defects in parts and workmanship for 2 years from the date of shipment. If it should become necessary to return the instrument for service during or beyond the warranty period, contact our Technical Service Department at 1-800-344-3100 or tech@lamotte.com for a return authorization number or visit www.lamotte. com for troubleshooting help. The sender is responsible for shipping charges, freight, insurance and proper packaging to prevent damage in transit. This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from action of the user such as misuse, improper wiring, operation outside of specification, improper maintenance or repair, or unauthorized modification. LaMotte Company specifically disclaims any implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose and will not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental or consequential damages. LaMotte Company’s total liability is limited to repair or replacement of the product. The warranty set forth above is inclusive and no other warranty, whether written or oral, is expressed or implied.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 5

SPECIFICATIONS 

INSTRUMENT TYPE: Colorimeter

Readout 160 x 100 backlit LCD, 20 x 6 line graphical display

Wavelengths 428 nm, 525 nm, 568 nm, 635 nm

Wavelength Accuracy ±2% FS

Readable Resolution Determined by reagent system

Wavelength Bandwidth 10 nm typical

Photometric Range –2 to +2 AU

Photometric Precision ± 0.001 AU at 1.0 AU

Photometric Accuracy ±0.005 AU at 1.0 AU

Sample Chamber Accepts 25 mm diameter flat-bottomed test tubes, 10

mm square cuvettes, 16 mm COD test tubes

Light Sources 4 LEDs

Detectors 4 silicon photodiodes with integrated interference

filters

Modes Pre-programmed tests, absorbance, %T

Pre-Programmed Tests YES, with automatic wavelength selection

User Defined Tests Up to 25 user tests can be input

Languages English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian,

Chinese, Japanese

USB Port Mini B

Power Requirements USB wall adapter, USB computer connection or

lithium ion rechargeable battery

Battery Charge Life: Approximately 380 tests with backlight

on to 1000 tests with backlight off. (Signal averaging disabled). Battery Life: Approximately 500 charges.

Electrical Ratings Provided on nameplate label

Data Logger 500 test results stored for download to a PC

Waterproof IP67 with USB port plug in place

Dimensions (LxWxH) 3.5 x 7.5 x 2.5 inches, 8.84 x 19.05 x 6.35 cm

Weight 13 oz, 362 g (meter only)

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STATISTICAL & TECHNICAL DEFINITIONS RELATED TO 

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Method Detection Limit (MDL): “The method detection limit (MDL) is defined as the minimum concentration of a substance that can be measured and reported with 99% confidence that the analyte concentration is greater than zero and is determined from analysis of a sample in a given matrix containing the analyte.” when dealing with a limit of detection or limit of determination, the primary purpose of determining that limit is to stay away from it.’”

Note that, “As Dr. William Horwitz once stated, ‘In almost all cases

Accuracy: Accuracy is the nearness of a measurement to the accepted or true value.3 The accuracy can be expressed as a range, about the true value, in which a measurement occurs (i.e. ±0.5 ppm). It can also be expressed as the % recovery of a known amount of analyte in a determination of the analyte (i.e.

103.5 %).

Resolution: Resolution is the smallest discernible difference between any two measurements that can be made.

For meters this is usually how many decimal places are displayed. (i.e. 0.01). Note that the resolution many change with concentration or range. In some cases the resolution may be less than the smallest interval, if it is possible to make a reading that falls between calibration marks. A word of caution, that resolution has very little relationship to accuracy or precision. The resolution will always be less than the accuracy or precision but it is not a statistical measure of how well a method of analysis works. The resolution can be very, very good and the accuracy and precision can be very bad! This is not a useful measure of the performance of a test method.

Repeatability: Repeatability is the within-run precision.

A run is a single data set, from set up to clean up. Generally, one run occurs on one day. However, for meter calibrations, a single calibration is considered a single run or data set, even though it may take 2 or 3 days.

Reproducibility: Reproducibility is the between-run precision.

Detection Limit (DL): The detection limit (DL) for the 2020we/wi is defined as the minimum value or concentration that can be determined by the meter, which is greater than zero, independent of matrix, glassware, and other sample handling sources of error. It is the detection limit for the optical system of the meter.

CFR 40, part 136, appendix B

Statistics in Analytical Chemistry: Part 7 – A Review, D. Coleman and L Vanatta,

American Laboratory, Sept 2003, P. 31.

Skoog, D.A., West, D. M., Fundamental of Analytical Chemistry, 2nd ed., Holt

Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1969, p. 26.

Statistics in Analytical Chemistry: Part 7 – A Review, D. Coleman and L Vanatta,

American Laboratory, Sept 2003, P. 34.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 7

Jeffery G. H., Basset J., Mendham J., Denney R. C., Vogel’s Textbook of

Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 5th ed., Longman Scientific & Technical, 1989, p.

130.

Jeffery G. H., Basset J., Mendham J., Denney R. C., Vogel’s Textbook of

Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 5

ed., Longman Scientific & Technical, 1989, p.

130

CONTENTS AND ACCESSORIES 

CONTENTS

SMART3 Colorimeter

Test Tubes, with Caps

COD/UDV Adapter

USB Wall Adapter

USB Cable

SMART3 Colorimeter Quick Start Guide

SMART3 Soil Manual and Handbooks

SMART3 Soil Reagent Systems and Accessories

ACCESSORIES

Test Tubes, with Caps Code 0290-6

USB Cable Code 1720

USB Wall Adapter Code 1721

COD/UDV Adapter Code 1724

Car Charger Code 5-0132

SMARTLink3 Program (CD) Code 1901-CD

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EPA COMPLIANCE 

The SMART3 Colorimeter is an EPA-Accepted instrument. EPA-Accepted means that the instrument meets the requirements for instrumentation as found in test procedures that are approved for the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) or National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) compliance monitoring programs. EPA-Accepted instruments may be used with approved test procedures without additional approval.

CE COMPLIANCE 

The SMART3 Colorimeter has earned the European CE Mark of Compliance for electromagnetic compatibility and safety. The Declaration of Conformity for the SMART3 colorimeter is available at www.lamotte.com.

IP67 CERTIFICATION 

The SMART3 meets IP67 standards for protection against dust and immersion only when the USB port plug is in place. Documentation is available at www. lamotte.com.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 9

CHEMICAL TESTING

AN INTRODUCTION TO COLORIMETRIC ANALYSIS 

Most test substances in water are colorless and undetectable to the human eye. To test for their presence we must find a way to “see” them. The SMART3 Colorimeter can be used to measure any test substance that is itself colored or can be reacted to produce a color. In fact a simple definition of colorimetry is “the measurement of color” and a colorimetric method is “any technique used to evaluate an unknown color in reference to known colors”. In a colorimetric chemical test the intensity of the color from the reaction must be proportional to the concentration of the substance being tested. Some reactions have limitations or variances inherent to them that may give misleading results. Many such interferences are discussed with each particular test instruction. In the most basic colorimetric method the reacted test sample is visually compared to a known color standard. However, accurate and reproducible results are limited by the eyesight of the analyst, inconsistencies in the light sources, and the fading of color standards.

To avoid these sources of error, a colorimeter can be used to photoelectrically measure the amount of colored light absorbed by a colored sample in reference to a colorless sample (blank).

White light is made up of many different colors or wavelengths of light. A colored sample typically absorbs only one color or one band of wavelengths from the white light. Only a small difference would be measured between white light before it passes through a colored sample versus after it passes through a colored sample. The reason for this is that the one color absorbed by the sample is only a small portion of the total amount of light passing through the sample. However, if we could select only that one color or band of wavelengths of light to which the test sample is most sensitive, we would see a large difference between the light before it passes through the sample and after it passes through the sample.

The SMART3 Colorimeter passes one of four colored light beams through one of four optical filters which transmits only one particular color or band of wavelengths of light to the photodectector where it is measured. The difference in the amount of colored light transmitted by a colored sample is a measurement of the amount of colored light absorbed by the sample. In most colorimetric tests the amount of colored light absorbed is directly proportional to the concentration of the test factor producing the color and the path length through the sample. However, for some tests the amount of colored light absorbed is inversely proportional to the concentration.

The choice of the correct wavelength for testing is important. It is interesting to note that the wavelength that gives the most sensitivity (lower detection limit) for a test factor is the complementary color of the test sample. For example the Nitrate-Nitrogen test produces a pink color proportional to the nitrate-nitrogen concentration in the sample (the greater the nitrate-nitrogen concentration, the darker the pink color). A wavelength in the green region should be selected to

10 SMART3 Soil 1.11

analyze this sample since a pinkish-red solution absorbs mostly green light.

REAGENT BLANK 

Some tests will provide greater accuracy if a reagent blank is determined to compensate for any color or turbidity resulting from the reagents themselves. A reagent blank is performed by running the test procedure on demineralized or deionized water. Use sample water to SCAN BLANK. Insert the reacted reagent blank in the colorimeter chamber and select SCAN SAMPLE. Note result of reagent blank. Perform the tests on the sample water as described. Subtract results of reagent blank from all subsequent test results. NOTE: Some tests require a reagent blank to be used to SCAN BLANK.

COLORIMETER TUBES 

Colorimeter tubes which have been scratched through excessive use should be discarded and replaced with new ones. Dirty tubes should be cleaned on both the inside and outside. Fingerprints on the exterior of the tubes can cause excessive light scattering and result in errors. Handle the tubes carefully, making sure the bottom half of the tube is not handled.

LaMotte Company makes every effort to provide high quality colorimeter tubes. However, wall thicknesses and diameter of tubes may still vary slightly. This may lead to slight variations in results (e.g. if a tube is turned while in the sample chamber, the reading will likely change slightly). To eliminate this error put the tubes into the sample chamber with the same orientation every time.

The tubes that are included with the colorimeter have an index mark to facilitate this. If possible, use the same tube to SCAN BLANK and SCAN SAMPLE.

METER CARE 

The optical system of the SMART3 must be kept clean and dry for optimal performance. Dry the colorimeter tubes before placing them in the chamber to avoid introducing moisture. For best results store the instrument in a area that is dry and free from aggressive chemical vapors.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 11

SAMPLE DILUTION TECHNIQUES & VOLUMETRIC  MEASUREMENTS

If a test result using the SMART3 Colorimeter gives an over range message then the the sample must be diluted. The test should be repeated on the diluted sample to obtain a reading which is in the concentration range for the test. (Note: This is not true for colorimetric determination of pH.)

Example:

Measure 5 mL of the water sample into a graduated cylinder. Add demineralized water until the cylinder is filled to the 10 mL line. The sample has been diluted by one-half, and the dilution factor is therefore 2. Perform the test procedure, then multiply the resulting concentration by 2 to obtain the test result.

The following table gives quick reference guidelines on dilutions of various proportions. All dilutions are based on a 10 mL volume, so several dilutions will require small volumes of the water sample. Graduated pipets should be used for all dilutions.

Deionized Water to

Size of Sample

10 mL 0 mL 1

5 mL 5 mL 2

2.5 mL 7.5 mL 4

1 mL 9 mL 10

0.5 mL 9.5 mL 20

Bring Volume to 10 mL Multiplication Factor

If the above glassware is not available, dilutions can be made with the colorimeter tube. Fill the tube to the 10 mL line with the sample then transfer it to another container. Add 10 mL volumes of demineralized water to the container and mix. Transfer back 10 mL of the diluted sample to the tube and follow the test procedure. Continue diluting and testing until a reading, which is in the concentration range for the test, is obtained. Be sure to multiply the concentration found by the dilution factor (the number of total 10 mL volumes used).

Example:

10 mL of sample is diluted with three 10 mL volumes of demineralized water; the dilution factor is four.

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INTERFERENCES 

LaMotte reagent systems are designed to minimize most common interferences. Each individual test instruction discusses interferences unique to that test. Be aware of possible interferences in the water being tested.

The reagent systems also contain buffers to adjust the water sample to the ideal pH for the reaction. It is possible that the buffer capacity of the water sample may exceed the buffer capacity of the reagent system and the ideal pH will not be obtained. If this is suspected, measure the pH of a reacted distilled water reagent blank using a pH meter. This is the ideal pH for the test. Measure the pH of a reacted water sample using the pH meter. If the pH is significantly different from the ideal value, the pH of the sample should be adjusted before testing.

Interferences due to high concentration of the substance being tested, can be overcome by sample dilution (see page 16)

STRAY LIGHT INTERFERENCE 

When scanning samples in 16 mm tubes, such as COD, the sample chamber lid can not be closed. The COD adapter minimizes stray light. To further reduce stray light interference, do not scan sample in direct sunlight.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 13

OPERATION OF THE SMART3 COLORIMETER

OVERVIEW 

The SMART3 is a portable, microprocessor controlled, direct reading colorimeter. It has a graphical liquid crystal display and 6 button keypad. These allow the user to select options from the menu driven software, to directly read test results or to review stored results of previous tests in the data logger. The menus can be displayed in seven different languages.

The test library consists of over 80 LaMotte tests and 25 “User Tests”. The LaMotte tests are precalibrated for LaMotte reagent systems.The colorimeter displays the result of these tests directly in units of concentration. The 25 “User Tests” may be used to enter additional calibrations. All of these tests may be arranged in any of 3 sequences. These sequences can be modified a limitless number of times to meet changing testing needs.

The optics feature 4 different colored LEDs. Each LED has a corresponding silicon photoiode with an integrated interference filter. The interference filters select a narrow band of light from the corresponding LED for the colorimetric measurements. The microporcessor automatically selects the correct LED/ photodiode combination for the test.

A USB wall adapter, USB computer connection or lithium battery powers the SMART3.

A USB port on the back of the meter allows an interface of the meter with a Windows-based computer for real-time data acquisition and data storage using a PC. The SMART3 may be interfaced with any Windows-based computer by using the LaMotte SMARTLink3 Program.

14 SMART3 Soil 1.11

COMPONENTS 

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the SMART3 Colorimeter and its components.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 15

GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES

The operation of the SMART3 Colorimeter is controlled by a microprocessor. The microprocessor is programmed with menu driven software. A menu is a list of choices. This allows a selection of various tasks for the colorimeter to perform, such as, scan blank, scan sample, and edit test sequences. The keypad is used to make menu selections which are viewed in the display. There are three selections accessible from the Main Menu: Testing Menu, Editing Menu and Run PC Link.

THE KEYPAD 

The keypad has 6 buttons which are used to perform specific tasks.

This button will scroll up through a list of menu selections.

ENTER

The button is used to select choices in a menu viewed in the display.

This button controls the backlight on the display.

This button will scroll down through a list of menu selections.

EXIT

This button exits to the previous menu.

This button turns the meter on or off.

ENTER

EXIT

SAMPLE HOLDERS 

The sample chamber is designed for 25 mm round tubes. An adapter to hold 16 mm COD tubes and 1 cm square UDV cuvettes is included.

Position the COD/UDV Adapter (Code 1724) so that the notches in the adapter fit around the posts on the chamber. Turn the adapter counterclockwise until the arrows are at the top and bottom of the chamber and the adapter is locked into place. Turn the adapter clockwise to unlock the adapter and remove it from the chamber.

16 SMART3 Soil 1.11

THE DISPLAY & THE MENUS 

The display allows menu selections to be viewed and selected. These selections instruct the SMART3 to perform specific tasks. The menus are viewed in the display using two general formats that are followed from one menu to the next. Each menu is a list of choices or selections.

The display has a header line at the top and a footer line at the bottom. The header displays the title of the current menu. The footer line displays the time and the date, the data logger status and the battery status. The menu selection window is in the middle of the display between the header and the footer.

The menu selection window displays information in two general formats. In the first format only menu selections are displayed. Up to 4 lines of menu selections may be displayed. If more selections are available they can be viewed by pressing the arrow buttons the menu selection window. Think of the menu selections as a vertical list in the display that moves up or down each time an arrow button is pressed. Some menus in the SMART3 are looping menus. The top and bottom menu choices are connected in a loop. Scrolling down past the bottom of the menu will lead to the top of the menu. Scrolling up past the top of the menu will lead to the bottom of the menu.

Main Window Selection First Choice

to scroll the other menu selections into

Header Menu Title

Second Choice

Third Choice

Another

Footer

12:00:00 001/500

And Another

And So On

A black bar will indicate the menu choice. As the menu is scrolled through, the black bar will highlight different menu choices. Pressing the

ENTER

button will

select the menu choice that is indicated by the black bar.

In the second format the menu choice window takes advantage of the graphical capabilities of the display. Large format graphic information, such as test results or error messages or the LaMotte logo is displayed. The top two lines of the display are used to display information in a large, easy to read format. The menus work in the same way as previously described but two lines of the menu are visible at the bottom of the display.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 17

Header Menu Title

Message or Result Window

Result or Message

Another

Main Window Selection And Another

Footer

12:00:00 001/500

And So On

Last Choice

As described previously, the current menu and a return to the previous menu. This allows a rapid exit from an inner menu to the main menu by repeatedly pushing the

at any time will turn the SMART3 off.

The display may show the following messages:

Battery Status

More choices are available and can be viewed by scrolling up and/or down through the display.

Header Identifies the current menu and information on units

and reagent systems if applicable.

Footer In the data logging mode the number of the data point

is displayed and the total number of data points in the memory will be shown. The footer also shows current time and battery status

EXIT

button allows an exit or escape from the

EXIT

button. Pushing

18 SMART3 Soil 1.11

LOOPING MENUS 

Long menus, such as All Tests, incorporate a looping feature which allows the user to quickly reach the last choice in the menu from the first choice. In a looping menu the last choices in the menu are above the first choice and scrolling upward moves through the menu in reverse order. Scrolling downward moves through the menu from first choice to last but the menu starts over following the last choice. So all menu choices can be reached by scrolling in either direction. The diagrams below demonstrate a looping menu.

AND SO ON AND SO ON AND SO ON

: : : : : : : : :

THIRD TO LAST LAST CHOICE LAST CHOICE

SECOND TO LAST AND SO ON AND SO ON

LAST CHOICE : : : : : :

TESTING MENU TESTING MENU TESTING MENU

FIRST CHOICE : : : : : :

SECOND CHOICE THIRD TO LAST THIRD TO LAST

THIRD CHOICE SECOND TO LAST SECOND TO LAST

ANOTHER LAST CHOICE LAST CHOICE

12:00:00 001/500 12:00:00 001/500 12:00:00 001/500

AND ANOTHER FIRST CHOICE FIRST CHOICE

AND SO ON SECOND CHOICE SECOND CHOICE

: : : THIRD CHOICE THIRD CHOICE

: : : ANOTHER ANOTHER

LAST CHOICE AND ANOTHER AND ANOTHER

SMART3 Soil 1.11 19

TESTING

TESTING MENU 

The Testing Menu is used to run all LaMotte pre-programmed tests, User Tests and Absorbance tests at one of four wavelengths. Testing from any of three sequences can also be done.

Testing

Press and briefly hold 1. to turn the meter on. The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select Testing

Menu.

Press 3. or to scroll to desired option. All Tests contains all of the available pre-programmed tests. The three sequences have user selected tests. Absorbance has %T/ABS tests.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Testing Menu

All Tests Menu

Sequence 1

Sequence 2

Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

Testing Menu

All Tests Menu

Sequence 1

Sequence 2

Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

Press 4. option.

ENTER

to select the

001 Alkalinity UDV

All Tests

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

20 SMART3 Soil 1.11

TEST SEQUENCES 

Sequence 1, Sequence 2, And Sequence 3 are alterable sequences. They may be edited using the Editing Menu. Any of the LaMotte pre-programmed tests or User Tests may be placed in these sequences in whatever testing order that is preferred. Some examples of typical sequences are given below.

Sequence 1 Sequence 2 Sequence 3

015 Chlorine F UDV 002 Aluminum 003 Ammonia-N LRF

079 Phosphate HR 035 Cyanuric Acid 032 Cu UDV

009 Benzotriazole 053 Iron Phenanthro 064 Nitrate-N LR

076 pH UDV 055 Manganese LR 067 Nitrite-N LR

12:00:00 001/500 12:00:00 001/500 12:00:00 001/500

061 Molybdenum HR 064 Nitrate-N LR 074 pH PR

086 Silica HR 067 Nitrite-N LR 078 Phosphate LR

045 Hydrazine 077 Phenol 085 Silica LR

032 Cu UDV 078 Phosphate LR

051 Iron Bipyridyl 090 Sulfide LR

These alterable sequences allow a series of tests to be setup that are run frequently. The order of the individual tests in the sequence is determined by the

user. After running a test, press Continue this pattern until the entire sequence has been completed.

ENTER

to select the next test in the sequence.

Testing

All Tests is a fixed sequence containing the LaMotte pre-programmed tests, User Tests, and Absorbance tests. Modification of the alterable sequences is accomplished through the Editing Menu. This menu is explained in greater detail in Editing Menu (p. 35).

Pressing

EXIT

while in a sequence menu will escape back to the Testing Menu.

the at any time will turn the colorimeter off.

GENERAL TESTING PROCEDURES 

The following are some step by step examples of how to run tests from the Testing Menu. These test procedures are designed to be used with LaMotte SMART Reagent Systems.

LaMotte Company continuously updates the list of pre-programmed tests as the calibrations become available. Pre-programmed calibrations can be added to the SMART3 Colorimeter in the field. A Windows-based computer running a Windows Operating System is required.

Call LaMotte Technical Services at 1-800-344-3100 (410-778-3100 outside the USA) or email at tech@lamotte.com for a current list of available calibrations and downloading instructions.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 21

TESTING WITH LaMOTTE PRE-PROGRAMMED TESTS 

Press and briefly hold 1. to turn the meter on. The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds

Testing

and the Main Menu will appear.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select Testing

Menu.

ENTER

Press 3.

to select All Tests

Menu.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Testing Menu

All Test Menu

Sequence 1

Sequence 2

Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

All Tests

001 Alkalinity UDV

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

Press 4. or to scroll to the desired test.

001 Alkalinity UDV

All Tests

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 5.

to select the test.

002 Aluminum

Scan Bank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

22 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Insert the blank into the 6. chamber. Close the lid.Press

ENTER

to scan the blank. The screen wil display Blank Done for about 1 second and then return to the Test Menu.

002 Aluminum

Testing

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

Insert the reacted sample 7. into the chamber. Close the lid. Press the sample. The screen will display READING for about 1 second. The result will appear on the screen.

To repeat the test, press 8. to scan the sample again. The last blank scaned is used by the colorimeter for repeated scans. A different blank can be used by pressing

to scroll to Scan Blank and then scanning another blank. Scroll with or

and make another selection with or Absorbance of the last test can be viewed by choosing %T/Abs. Press

escape to previous menus. NOTE: The menus loop in this screen so either

will lead to the menu selection needed.

ENTER

EXIT

to scan

ENTER

. The %T

002 Aluminum

1.00 ppm

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

002 Aluminum

1.00 ppm

Scan Bank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 23

CALIBRATING LaMOTTE PRE-PROGRAMMED TESTS 

The LaMotte Pre-Programmed Tests have been pre-calibrated. Recalibration of the pre-programmed tests by the user is not possible. However, a procedure to standardize the calibration can be performed to obtain the most accurate readings or to meet regulatory requirements.

The LaMotte Pre-Programmed tests are standardized with one standard

Testing

solution. To standardize over the full range of the test, the concentration of the standard should be chosen from the high end of the range. Alternatively, if samples do not cover the full range of the test, a standard should be chosen that is close to the concentration of the samples.

For the SMART3 Soil colorimeter, the standard should be prepared in distilled or deionized water for the range of the reagent system before the multiplication factor has been applied to the reading on the display. The following standards are recommended to standardize over the full range of the tests:

Ammonia Nitrogen 3.00 ppm Ammonia Nitrogen

Copper 4.00 ppm Copper

Iron 4.00 ppm Iron

Manganese 11.00 ppm Manganese

Nitrate Nitrogen 2.00 ppm Nitrate Nitrogen

Nitrite Nitrogen 0.60 ppm Nitrite Nitrogen

Phosphorus 2.00 ppm Phosphate

Potassium 7.00 ppm Potassium

Sulfur 75 ppm Sulfate

Zinc 2.00 ppm Zinc

The standardization procedure should be followed as often as required by regulations and laws for compliance monitoring.

In the example below, the Aluminum calibration will be standardized.

Prepare a standard solution to be tested. In this example, 0.30 ppm aluminum.

24 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press and briefly hold 1. to turn the meter on. The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC LINK

12:00:00 001/500

Testing

Press 2.

ENTER

to select Testing

Menu.

Press 3.

ENTER

to select All Tests

Menu.

Press 4. or to scroll to the desired test factor.

Testing Menu

All Test Menu

Sequence 1

Sequence 2

Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

All Tests

001 Alkalinity UDV

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

All Tests

001 Alkalinity UDV

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

Press 5.

ENTER

to select the test.

002 Aluminum

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 25

Follow the test procedure 6. in the manual to test the prepared standard. Insert the blank into the chamber. Close the lid. Press the blank. The screen will

Testing

display Blank Done for about 1 second and then return to the Test Menu.

ENTER

to scan

002 Aluminum

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

Insert the reacted standard 7. solution into the chamber. Close the lid. Press scan the sample. The screen will display Reading for about 1 second. The result will appear on the screen.

The displayed result can now 8. be standardized. Press or to scroll to calibrate.

ENTER

Press 9. Calibrate. A reverse font (dark background with light characters) will appear to indicate that the reading can be adjusted.

to select

ENTER

002 Aluminum

0.28 ppm

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

002 Aluminum

0.28 ppm

%T/Abs

Calibrate

12:00:00 001/500

002 Aluminum

0.28 ppm

%T/Abs

Calibrate

12:00:00 001/500

26 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 10. or to scroll to the concentration of the prepared standard, 0.30 in this example. NOTE: A maximum adjustment of 10% is possible. If an adjustment of over 10% is attempted, Overrange will be displayed.

002 Aluminum

0.30 ppm

%T/Abs

Calibrate

12:00:00 001/500

Testing

Press 11. Calibrate. Two menu choices will be offered, set calibration and factory setting.

Press 12. Calibration and save the calibration. Or press to scroll to Factory Setting. Press Setting to revert to the factory calibration. The screen will display Storing... for about 1 second and the test menu will appear. The calibration has now been standardized and the meter can be used for testing. The standardization can be removed by repeating the calibration and selecting Factory Setting.

ENTER

to select

ENTER

to select Set

ENTER

to select Factory

002 Aluminum

0.30 ppm

Set Calibration

Factory Setting

12:00:00 001/500

002 Aluminum

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 27

EDITING MENU

The Editing Menu allows the user to edit sequences, edit user tests, set the clock, edit the logging function, access factory setting, set the power saving function, set the backlight time, and select a language.

The default factory settings are:

Date Format MM-DD-YYYY

Logging Enabled

Power Save 5 minutes

Backlight 10 seconds

Language English

EDITING A SEQUENCE 

The Edit Sequence menu allows three alterable test sequences (Sequence 1, Sequence 2, Sequence 3) to be edited.

Editing/Set Up

Press and briefly hold 1. to turn the meter on. The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear.

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Main Menu

Press 2. or to scroll to the Editing Menu.

Testing Menu

Main Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Press 3. Menu.

ENTER

to select Editing

Edit Sequences

Editing Menu

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

28 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 4.

ENTER

Sequences.

to select Edit

Edit Sequences

Edit Sequence 1

Edit Sequence 2

Edit Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

Press 5. or to scroll to the desired sequence.

Press 6.

ENTER

to select the

sequence to be edited.

Edit Sequences

Edit Sequence 1

Edit Sequence 2

Edit Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

EDIT SEQUENCE 2

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

009 Benzotriazole

076 pH UDV

12:00:00 001/500

Editing/Set Up

SMART3 Soil 1.11 29

ADDING OR DELETING A TEST 

There are three ways to alter a sequence: Insert Before, Insert After, and Delete. Insert Before adds a new test to the sequence before the selected test. Insert After adds a new test to the sequence after the selected test. Delete is used to remove an existing test from a sequence.

ADDING A TEST

Below is a step-by-step example of how to add a test to SEQUENCE 2 starting from the EDIT SEQUENCE 2 menu.

To add a test before or after 1. an existing test, press or

to scroll to the

existing test.

Editing/Set Up

ENTER

Press 2.

to select the

existing test.

Press 3. or to scroll to Insert Before or Insert After.

EDIT SEQUENCE 2

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

009 Benzotriazole

076 pH UDV

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 4.

to select the option, Insert Before, in this example. The All Test Menu will appear.

001 Alkalinity

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

All Tests

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

30 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 5. or to scroll to the test that will be added to the sequence. In this example, Aluminum.

All Tests

001 Alkalinity UDV

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

Press 6.

ENTER

to select the test. The sequence will appear in the Edit Sequence menu and the new test will be added to the sequence. All changes in the sequence will be automatically saved.

Press 7.

EXIT

to exit the Edit Sequence menu and return

to the Editing Menu.

Press 8.

ENTER

to select Edit Sequences to continue

editing the sequences or press

EXIT

to return to the Main Menu.

EDIT SEQUENCE 2

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

002 Aluminum

009 Benzotriazole

12:00:00 001/500

Editing Menu

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

Editing/Set Up

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 31

DELETING A TEST

Below is a step-by-step example of how to delete a test in SEQUENCE 2 starting from the EDIT SEQUENCE 2 menu.

To delete a test, press 1. or to scroll to the test in the sequence.

ENTER

Press 2.

Editing/Set Up

to select the test.

Press 3. or to scroll to Delete.

EDIT SEQUENCE 2

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

002 Aluminum

009 Benzotriazole

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 4.

to select Delete. The sequence will appear in the EDIT SEQUENCE menu and the selected test will have been deleted. All

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

002 Aluminum

EDIT SEQUENCE 2

changes to the sequence will automatically have been saved.

32 SMART3 Soil 1.11

12:00:00 001/500

Press 5.

EXIT

to exit the Edit

Sequence menu and return

to the Editing Menu.

Editing Menu

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Press 6.

ENTER

to select Edit

Sequences to continue

editing the sequences or press

EXIT

to return to the

Main Menu.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Editing/Set Up

SMART3 Soil 1.11 33

CREATING A SOIL TEST SEQUENCE 

To create a soil testing sequence specifically for the reagent systems in this SMART3 Soil Manual follow the step by step procedure below. The test sequence currently in the meter will be cleared and then the soil tests will be added to Sequence 1. Tests in the soil sequence will be arranged in the order in which they appear in the manual.

005 Ammonia-N HR 031 Cu Thiocarbamate 051 Iron Bipyridyl 056 Manganese HR 064 Nitrate-N LR 067 Nitrite-N LR 078 Phosphate LR 083 Potassium 089 Sulfate HR 099 Zinc LR

Editing/Set Up

Press and briefly hold 1. to turn the meter on. The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear.

Press 2. or to scroll to the Editing Menu.

ENTER

Press 3.

to select Editing Menu.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Editing Menu

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

34 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 4.

ENTER

Sequences.

to select Edit

Edit Sequences

Edit Sequence 1

Edit Sequence 2

Edit Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

Press 5. or to scroll to the desired sequence. In this exmple, Sequence 1.

Press 6.

ENTER

to select the

sequence to be edited.

Press 7.

ENTER

to select the test to be edited. In this example, 015 Chlorine F UDV.

Edit Sequences

Edit Sequence 1

Edit Sequence 2

Edit Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

015 Chlorine F UDV

079 Phosphate HR

009 Benzotriazole

076 pH UDV

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

Editing/Set Up

12:00:00 001/500

Press 8. or to scroll to Delete.

Insert Before

Add or Delete

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 35

ENTER

Press 9.

to select Delete.

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

079 Phosphate HR

009 Benzotriazole

076 pH UDV

061 Molybdenum HR

12:00:00 001/500

Press 10. or and

ENTER

to select the next test to be edited. In this example, 079 Phosphate HR.

Editing/Set Up

Press 11. or to scroll to Delete.

ENTER

Press 12.

to select Delete. Repeat the procedure to delete all of the tests in the series.

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Add Test to Sequence

<Enter> to continue

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 13.

to begin adding tests to the sequence.

001 Alkalinity UDV

Add or Delete

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

12:00:00 001/500

36 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 14. or to scroll to the first test to be added to the sequence. In this example, 005 Ammonia-N HR because the tests will be added in the order that they appear in the manual.

Add or Delete

002 Aluminum

003 Ammonia-N LRF

004 Ammonia-N LRS

005 Ammonia-N HR

12:00:00 001/500

Press 15.

Press 16.

ENTER

to select the test.

ENTER

to select Edit

Sequences.

Press 17.

ENTER

to select Edit

Sequence 1. The sequence

will appear and the first test will have been added.

Editing Menu

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Edit Sequences

Edit Sequence 1

Edit Sequence 2

Edit Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

005 Ammonia-N HR

Editing/Set Up

12:00:00 001/500

Press 18. sequence and prepare to add another test. Press

SMART3 Soil 1.11 37

ENTER

to save the

to scroll to Insert After.

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

ENTER

Press 19. After. Press

to select Insert

or to scroll to the next test to be added. In this example, 031 Cu Thiocarbamate.

Add or Delete

028 Cu BCA Tablet

029

030 Cu Cuprizone

031 Cu Thiocarbamate

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 20.

to select the test

to be added.

Editing/Set Up

Press 21. to scroll to the last test in the sequence. In this example, 031 Cu Thiocarbamate.

ENTER

Press 22.

to save the

sequence. Press or

to scroll to Insert After.

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

005 Ammonia-N HR

031 Cu Thiocarbamate

12:00:00 001/500

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

005 Ammonia-N HR

031 Cu Thiocarbamate

12:00:00 001/500

Add or Delete

Insert Before

Insert After

Delete

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 23.

to select Insert After. Repeat the procedure to add the remaining tests to the sequence.

078 Phosphate LR

083 Potassium

089 Sulfate HR

EDIT SEQUENCE 1

099 Zinc LR

12:00:00 001/500

38 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 24.

EXIT

to escape the

Editing Menu.

Editing Menu

Edit Sequence

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Press 25.

EXIT

to escape to the

Main Menu. Press or

to scroll to the Testing

Menu.

Press 26.

ENTER

to select Testing

Menu. Press or

to scroll to Sequence 1 to begin testing.

Main Menu

Testing Menu

Editing Menu

Run PC Link

12:00:00 001/500

Testing Menu

All Test Menu

Sequence 1

Sequence 2

Sequence 3

12:00:00 001/500

Editing/Set Up

SMART3 Soil 1.11 39

SETTING THE CLOCK 

Setting the clock allows the correct time and date stamp to be stored with each reading in the data logger.

From the 1. Editing Menu, press

or to scroll to Set

Clock.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select Set Clock. The date is displayed as month-dayyear. The time is displayed as hours:minutes:seconds

Editing/Set Up

AM/PM. Press to scroll to the appropriate character. Press select the character. The curser will move to the next character. Set all characters in the same manner. The character menu is a scrolling menu.

ENTER

Editing Menu

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Set Time

Date: MM-DD-YYYY

Time: HH-MM-SS AM/PM

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 3.

to select the final character. The time and date will be saved and the meter will return to the Edit Test menu.

Edit Sequences

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Editing Menu

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

40 SMART3 Soil 1.11

LOGGING DATA 

The default setting for the data logger is enabled. The meter will log the last 500 data points. The counter in the center bottom of the display will show how many data points have been logged. The display will show 500+ when the data logger has exceeded 500 points and the data points are being overwritten.

From the 1. Editing Menu, press

or to scroll to

Logging.

Press 2.

ENTER

to select

Logging.

Press 3. or to scroll to desired function.

Editing Menu

Edit Sequence

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

Logging

Display Test Log

Enable Logging

Disable Logging

Erase Log

12:00:00 001/500

Logging

Display Test Log

Enable Logging

Disable Logging

Erase Log

Editing/Set Up

12:00:00 001/500

Press 4.

ENTER

. The screen will display Storing... for about 1 second and return to the Logging menu.

Display Test Log

Enable Logging

Disable Logging

Logging

Erase Log

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 41

Press5.

EXIT

to return to the

Editing Menu.

Edit Sequence

Editing Menu

Edit User Test

Set Clock

Logging

12:00:00 001/500

FACTORY SETUP 

The Factory Setup menu is used in manufacturing of the SMART3 Colorimeter. This menu is not for use by the operator in the field.

SETTING POWER SAVE 

The power saving Auto Shutoff feature will turn the meter off when a button has not been pushed for a set amount of time. The default setting is disabled. To change the setting:

Editing/Set Up

From the 1. Editing Menu, press

or to scroll to Set

PWR Save.

Set Clock

Logging

Factory Setup

Set PWR Save

Editing Menu

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 2. PWR Save.

to select Set

Disable

Auto Shutoff

5 Minutes

15 Minutes

30 Minutes

12:00:00 001/500

Press 3. or to scroll to desired function.

Disable

Auto Shutoff

5 Minutes

15 Minutes

30 Minutes

12:00:00 001/500

42 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 4.

ENTER

. The screen will display Storing... for about 1 second and the meter will return to the Editing Menu.

Set Clock

Logging

Factory Setup

Editing Menu

Set PWR Save

12:00:00 001/500

SETTING THE BACKLIGHT TIME 

The backlight illuminates the display for enhanced viewing. The default setting is 10 seconds. If Button Control is chosen the backlight button on the key pad will act as an on/off switch and the backlight will remain on or off when the meter is being used. When one of the other settings – 10, 20 or 30 seconds – is chosen, the display will be illuminated for the specified amount of time after any button is pressed. NOTE: The backlight feature uses a significant amount of power. The longer the backlight is on, the more frequently the battery will have to be charged if the USB/Wall Adapter is not being used.

Editing/Set Up

From the 1. Editing Menu, press

or to scroll to

Backlight Time.

Press 2.

ENTER

to select Set Backlight Time.

Editing Menu

Logging

Factory Setup

Set PWR Save

Set Backlight Time

12:00:00 001/500

Backlight Time

Button Control

10 seconds

20 seconds

30 seconds

12:00:00 001/500

SMART3 Soil 1.11 43

Press 3. or to scroll to desired option.

Backlight Time

Button Control

10 seconds

20 seconds

30 seconds

12:00:00 001/500

ENTER

Press 4.

. The screen will display Storing... for about 1 second and the meter will return to the Editing Menu.

Logging

Factory Setup

Set PWR Save

Editing Menu

Set Backlight Time

12:00:00 001/500

Editing/Set Up

SELECTING A LANGUAGE 

There are seven languages available in the SMART3: English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, Chinese, and Japanese.

From the 1. Editing Menu, press

or to scroll to

Select Language.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select Select Language.

Factory Setup

Set PWR Save

Set Backlight Time

Select Language

12:00:00 001/500

English

Spanish

French

Portugese

Editing Menu

Select Language

12:00:00 001/500

44 SMART3 Soil 1.11

Press 3. or to scroll to desired language.

Select Language

English

Spanish

French

Portugese

12:00:00 001/500

Press 4.

ENTER

. The screen will display Storing... for about 1 second and the meter will return to the Editing Menu.

Factory Setup

Set PWR Save

Set Backlight Time

Editing Menu

Select Language

12:00:00 001/500

NOTE: If meter unintentionally switches to another language, use the procedure above to reset the meter to the desired language. For example, to reset the meter to English:

Turn meter on.1.

Press 2.

one time. Press

Press 3. seven times. Press

Press 4.

ENTER

Editing/Set Up

SMART3 Soil 1.11 45

COMPUTER CONNECTION

PC LINK 

The SMART3 may be interfaced with any Windows-based computer by using the LaMotte SMARTLink 3 Program and USB Cable. The program will store test information and results in a database. To transfer data from the meter to a computer, plug the smaller end of the USB cable (USB mini B connector) into the meter and the larger end of the USB cable (USB Type A connector) into a USB port on a computer. The SMART3 will send the following data: test name, wavelength, concentration, transmittance, absorbance, sample, blank, time of test, and date of test.

OUTPUT 

USB

COMPUTER CONNECTION 

USB Type A, USB mini B, Order Cable Code 1720.

Editing/Set Up

SMARTLINK3 

SmartLink3 records the above data and appends a test ID# which uniquely identifies the test in the database, the serial number of the meter, and a site ID# which can be used to associate the test record with a site or customer via the SmartLink3 program. It also stores a “test number” which is useful for the SMART3.

46 SMART3 Soil 1.11

BATTERY

BATTERY/AC OPERATION 

The SMART3 may be operated on battery power or using a USB wall adapter or USB computer connection. If using the meter as a bench top unit, use the wall adapter if possible to extend the battery life. The meter will remain on when the USB adapter is used.

To charge the battery with the wall adapter, plug the smaller end of the USB cable (USB mini B connector) into the meter and the larger end of the USB cable (USB Type A connector) into the wall adapter. Plug the wall adapter into an AC outlet. Reinsert the USB port plug after charging.

To charge the battery from a computer, plug the smaller end of the USB cable (USB mini B connector) into the meter and the larger end of the USB cable (USB Type A connector) into a USB port on a computer. Reinsert the USB port plug after charging.

The battery icon will show no bars and flash when the unit first turns on. Then the indicator will indicate the battery status by showing 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 bars.

It will take 5 hours to fully charge a low battery. The battery icon will flash when the battery is charging. The battery icon will show four bars and stop flashing when it is fully charged. The charging circuit will automatically switch to a float charge when the battery is fully charged. The charger may remain connected. Some computers will NOT supply power to their USB ports during standby operation. The wall adapter will charge the unit continuously.

The battery icon will show no bars and continuously flash if the battery is getting low but the unit will still operate normally. A “Low Battery” message on the status bar of the display will replace the time when the battery voltage is too low for proper operation and accuracy may be degraded. A “Shutdown Low Batt” message on the display will appear for a few seconds before the power is switched off when the battery is too low to operate the unit.

To extend the battery life:

Shut down the unit with the power switch when not taking measurements • or use the power save option to have the unit automatically turn off after 5 minutes.

Store the unit in a cool dry place.•

Fully charge the battery before storing the unit for extended periods of time.•

Limit backlight use. The unit consumes 3X normal power with the backlight • on. Set the backlight time option to 10 seconds, or select “Button Control” and keep the backlight off.

BATTERY REPLACEMENT 

The lithium ion battery used in this unit should last for many years with normal use. When it no longer powers the unit long enough to meet testing

SMART3 Soil 1.11 47

requirements it will need to be replaced. Lithium ion batteries that are properly charged and stored do not usually lose all capacity; they just have less capacity after hundreds of charge cycles. This unit uses a custom battery assembly that is only available from LaMotte Company. Battery replacement must be performed at a LaMotte authorized repair facility. The water resistant housing of this meter should not be opened by the user. Contact LaMotte Company by phone (1-800-344-3100) or email (tech@lamotte.com) for a return authorization number.

MAINTENANCE

CLEANING 

Clean the exterior housing with a damp, lint-free cloth. Do not allow water to enter the light chamber or any other parts of the meter. To clean the light chamber and optics area, point a can of compressed air into the light chamber and blow the pressurized air into the light chamber. Use a cotton swab dampened with Windex chamber. Do not use alcohol; it will leave a thin residue over the optics when dry.

REPAIRS 

Should it be necessary to return the meter for repair or servicing, pack the meter carefully in a suitable container with adequate packing material. A return authorization number must be obtained from LaMotte Company by calling 800344-3100 (US only) or 410-778-3100, faxing 410-778-6394, or emailing tech@ lamotte.com. Often a problem can be resolved over the phone or by email. If a return of the meter is necessary, attach a letter with the return authorization number, meter serial number, a brief description of problem and contact information including phone and FAX numbers to the shipping carton. This information will enable the service department to make the required repairs more efficiently.

window cleaner to gently swab the interior of the

METER DISPOSAL 

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

Natural resources were used in the production of this equipment. This equipment may contain materials that are hazardous to health and the environment. To avoid harm to the environment and natural resources, the use of appropriate take-back systems is recommended. The crossed out wheeled bin symbol on the meter encourages the use of these systems when disposing of this equipment.

Take-back systems will allow the materials to be reused or recycled in a way that will not harm the environment. For more information on approved collection,

48 SMART3 Soil 1.11

reuse, and recycling systems contact local or regional waste administration or recycling services.

TROUBLESHOOTING

ERROR MESSAGES 

OVER RANGE

If the message OVERRANGE is displayed when scanning a sample, the sample may be over range or under range. If the sample is over range the sample should be diluted and tested again (see Sample Dilution Techniques and Volumetric Measurements, page 12).

If overrange is displayed, press

ENTER

to continue testing on diluted samples. NOTE: After pressing

ENTER

, the overrange concentration will be displayed. This concentration is an approximation only.

Overrange

<Enter> continue

Scan Blank

Scan Sample

12:00:00 001/500

002 Aluminum

CALIBRATION

As with all pre-calibrated meters, it is highly recommended, even if not required by regulations, that the user periodically verify the performance of the meter by running standards with a predetermined concentration. Results outside of specification are an indication that the meter needs to be adjusted. This can be done following the user calibration described on page 24. If the user calibration fails to properly adjust the meter then the meter should be returned to LaMotte Company for recalibration. (See page 48).

STRAY LIGHT

The SMART3 Colorimeter should have no problems with stray light. Make sure that the sample compartment lid is always fully closed, except when testing COD with the adapter.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 49

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE 

PROBLEM REASON SOLUTION

Flashing

Low battery. Readings are reliable.

“Low Battery” Battery voltage is very

low. Readings are not reliable.

“Shut Down Low Batt” Shut Down

Battery is too low to operate the unit.

“Overrange” Sample is outside of

acceptable range.

Charge battery or use USB wall/computer adapter.

Dilute sample and test again.

Unusually large negative or positive readings when performing calibration

Incorrect standards used to calibrate meter.

Use fresh 0.0 standard in clean tube. Reset meter to factory default settings. Recalibrate meter.

50 SMART3 Soil 1.11

SMART3

Soil

Soil Test

Procedures

1985-05-TEST

1.11

SMART3 Soil 1.11 51

SMART3 COLORIMETER REAGENT SYSTEMS

This SMART3 Colorimeter contains calibrations for pre-programmed LaMotte SMART reagent systems for water testing as well as the pre-programmed soil tests included in this lab. A SMART3 manual (Code 1910-MN) and appropriate reagent systems and chamber adapters are required to perform the water test procedures. Call LaMotte Technical Services at 800-344-3100 (410-778-3100 outside the USA) or email tech@lamotte.com for a current list of available calibrations.

52 SMART3 Soil 1.11

ELECTRONIC TEST METHODS

pH 

PROCEDURE

Use the 10 g Soil Measure (1164) to add one level measure of the soil 1. sample to a 50 mL beaker (0944). Use the graduated cylinder (0416) to add 10 mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly.

Let stand for at least 30 minutes, stirring two or three times.2.

Stir mixture just prior to making the pH reading. Determine the pH reading 3. of the sample by following the instructions for the pH Meter.

LIME REQUIREMENT - WOODRUFF METHOD 

PROCEDURE

Use the 10 g Soil Measure (1164) to add one level measure of the soil 1. sample to a 50 mL beaker (0944). Use the graduated cylinder (0416) to add 10 mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly.

Let stand for at least 15 minutes.2.

Add 20 mL of Woodruff Buffer Solution (5272). Mix well, and let stand for at 3. least 20 minutes, stirring two or three times.

Take reading using the pH meter. Stir mixture just prior to making reading.4.

Each 0.1 pH unit drop from pH 7.0 indicates a lime requirement equivalent 5. to 1000 lbs calcium carbonate (CaCO

)/acre.

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 53

SOLUBLE SALTS (TOTAL DISSOLVED SALTS) 

Most plants will get along well at soluble salts concentrations of below 1000 parts per million. However, greenhouse and many sensitive garden plants may be damaged if the soluble salts are over 500 parts per million of chlorides, particularly some of the most sensitive legumes. If the soluble salts are greater that 1000 parts per million, the chlorides and sulfates should be determined to learn whether the soluble salts are chlorides or sulfates. In calcareous soils, the sulfates represent gypsum and have little effect on the production of plants.

PROCEDURE

Fill a 50 mL beaker (0944) with the soil to be tested, tapping it lightly to 1. eliminate any trapped air and then strike off the surface.

Empty the contents of the beaker into the 300 mL bottle (0991). Add 100 mL 2. of deionized water.

Cap the bottle and shake vigorously. Allow to stand for thirty minutes. 3. During the thirty minute waiting period the bottle should be shaken vigorously three or four times.

Filter the contents of the bottle using funnel (0459) and filter paper (0463) 4. and collect the filtrate in a 100 mL bottle (0990) which is then used as a conductivity chamber.

Determine the TDS reading of the sample by following the instructions for 5. the TDS Meter.

To convert conductivity to Soluble Salts (Total Dissolved Solids), use the 6. following formula.

ppm Soluble Solids (Total Dissolved Solids) = Micromhos/cm @ 25°C x 0.7

Test Procedures

54 SMART3 Soil 1.11

EXTRACTION PROCEDURE 

The following method of extraction is employed for obtaining the soil filtrate for the tests for Nitrate Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Ammonia Nitrogen, Nitrite Nitrogen, Manganese, Copper, Zinc, and Iron. Separate extractions are required for the Chloride and Sulfate tests. Consult the LaMotte Soil Handbook (1504) for information on sampling and preparation of sample for testing.

MULTIPLE TEST PROCEDURE

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 5 mL of *Acid Extracting Solution (6361) 1. to the 100 mL graduated cylinder (0419). Add deionized water to 75 mL graduation.

Pour this solution into the 100 mL bottle (0990).2.

Use the Soil Measure (1165) to add 15 g (one level measure) of the soil 3. sample to the bottle.

Cap the bottle and shake for 5 minutes.4.

Use the funnel (0459) and filter paper (0463) to filter and collect all of the soil 5. extract in a 100 mL bottle (0990).

The soil extract is used for all of the tests listed above, except Chloride and 6. Sulfate.

SINGLE TEST PROCEDURE

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of *Acid Extracting Solution (6361) to 1. the test tube (0701), then add deionized water to fill to the 15 mL line.

Use the 1.0 g spoon (0697) to add 3 measures of soil to the extracting 2. solution in the test tube.

Cap the tube and shake for 5 minutes.3.

Filter, using the funnel (0459) and filter paper (0463) and collect all of the 4. soil extract.

The soil extract is used for all of the tests listed above except Chloride and 5. Sulfate.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 55

Test Procedures

NEUTRALIZATION OF SOIL FILTRATE

In the test procedures for Ammonia Nitrogen, Calcium & Magnesium, Copper, Iron, Manganese and Zinc require that the acidity of the soil extract be neutralized before the test procedure is performed. This is done by adding *Sodium Hydroxide, 15% (7886) to the soil extract until Bromthymol Blue Test Paper (2931) indicates that the pH is in the proper range.

Add one drop of *Sodium Hydroxide, 15% (7886) to the soil extract. Stir with 1. the stirring rod.

Touch the stirring rod to the Bromthymol Blue Test Paper (2931).2.

If the test paper does not change from yellow to blue or green, continue 3. adding *Sodium Hydroxide, 15% to the soil extract, one drop at a time. Stir and test the pH after the addition of each drop until the test paper changes from yellow to green or blue.

Test Procedures

56 SMART3 Soil 1.11

AMMONIA NITROGEN - HIGH RANGE

NESSLERIZATION METHOD • CODE 3642-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #1 V-4797-G

2 x 30 mL *Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #2 *V-4798-G

1 Pipet, 1 mL, plastic 0354

*WARNING: Reagents marked with an * are considered to be potential health hazards. To view or print a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for these reagents go to www.lamotte.com. To obtain a printed copy, contact LaMotte by e-mail, phone or fax.

A fertile soil may be expected to give a low ammonia nitrogen test reading, unless there has been a recent application of nitrogenous fertilizer in forms other than the nitrate. The rapid disappearance of ammonia after fertilizer application indicates the desired transformation of the ammonia to the more available nitrate compounds. In forest soils, ammonia is the most abundant available form of nitrogen. If there is a satisfactory rate of nitrogen transformation, the humus layers of a forest soil will produce very high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen.

RANGE: 0.00-200.00 lb/acre Ammonia-Nitrogen

METHOD: Ammonia forms a colored complex with Nessler’s

Reagent in proportion to the amount of ammonia present in the sample. Rochelle salt is added to prevent precipitation of calcium or magnesium in undistilled samples.

INTERFERENCES: Sample turbidity and color may interfere. Turbidity may

be removed by filtration procedure. Color interferences may be eliminated by blanking the instrument with a sample blank.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 57

Test Procedures

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Scroll to and select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 005 Ammonia-N HR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 005 Ammonia-N HR from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to transfer 2 mL of soil extract into a clean tube 5. (0290). Dilute to the 10 mL line with deionized water. Mix and neutralize according to the procedure on page 56.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK. (See Note)6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Add 12 drops of Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent 7. #1 (V-4797). Cap and mix. Wait 1 minute.

Use the 1.0 mL pipet (0354) to add 1.0 mL of *Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent 8. #2 (V-4798). Cap and mix. Allow 5 minutes for maximum color development.

At end of the 5 minute waiting period, immediately mix, insert tube into 9. chamber, close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 50 to determine the ammonia-nitrogen concentration in lb/acre.

Press 10. menu or make another menu selection.

NOTE: It is strongly suggested that a reagent blank be determined to account for any contribution to the test result by the reagent system. To determine the reagent blank, follow the above test procedure to scan a distilled or deionized water blank. Then follow the above procedure to perform the test on a distilled or deionized water sample. This test result is the reagent blank. Subtract the reagent blank from all subsequent test results of unknown samples. It is necessary to determine the reagent blank only when a new lot number of reagents is obtained.

Test Procedures

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn the colorimeter off or press the

EXIT

exit to a previous

AMMONIA NITROGEN CONCENTRATION CHART

POUNDS PER ACRE RANGE

0-24 lb/acre Low

25-68 lb/acre Medium

Over 71 lb/acre High

58 SMART3 Soil 1.11

CALCIUM & MAGNESIUM

SCHWARZENBACH EDTA METHOD • CODE M-CAL-MAG

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Calcium & Magnesium Buffer *5126-G

60 mL Standard EDTA Reagent 5254-H

100 Calcium Hardness Indicator Tablets T-5250-J

30 mL Calcium Magnesium Inhibitor Reagent 3922-G

30 mL *CM Indicator Reagent *6522WT-G

30 mL *Sodium Hydroxide w/Metal Inhibitors *4259-G

15 mL *Inhibitor Solution *9258-E

15 mL *TEA Reagent *3921-E

2 Direct Reading Titrators, 0-1000 Range 0384

1 Pipet, transfer, plastic 0364

1 Test tube, 5-10-15 mL, glass, w/cap 0778

Test Procedures

The amount of total calcium in soils may range from as little as 0.1% to as much 25%. A calcium deficiency is rarely a problem due to widely accepted practice of applying lime to soil to raise the pH to the proper range for optimum plant growth. As an important mineral nutrient, calcium is a component of cell walls in plants and is known to stimulate root and leaf development as well as activate several enzyme reactions involved in plant metabolism. Indirectly, calcium influences crop yields by reducing soils acidity and by reducing the toxicity of several other soil minerals such as manganese, zinc, and aluminum.

The Schwarzenbach EDTA titration method, used to determine calcium and magnesium, involves two titrations. The first titration gives the calcium and magnesium content, the second only calcium. Magnesium is calculated from the difference between the titration values.

RANGE: 0-4000 lb/acre Calcium

0-2400 lb/acre Magnesium

METHOD: Titration with Schwarzenbach EDTA

INTERFERENCE: Sample color and turbidity may interfere with endpoint.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 59

PROCEDURE

I. DILUTION OF SOIL EXTRACT

Use the 30 mL graduated cylinder (0418) to measure 10 mL of the soil extract and transfer it to a 50 mL beaker (0944). Add 10 mL of deionized water, mix and neutralize according to the procedure on page 50.

II. TITRATION A, CALCIUM & MAGNESIUM

Carefully read the LaMotte Direct Reading Titrator Manual (1649) before performing the titrations described below.

Fill the test tube (0778) to the 5 mL line with the soil extract from above. 1. Dilute to the 10 mL line with deionized water.

Add 5 drops of Calcium Magnesium Inhibitor Reagent (3922).2.

Wait 5 minutes.3.

Use a pipet (0364) to add 5 drops of *Calcium & Magnesium Buffer (5126).4.

Add 10 drops of *CM Indicator (6522WT).5.

Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0384) with the Standard EDTA Reagent 6. (5254). Insert the tip of the Titrator into the center hole of the test tube cap.

While gently swirling the tube, slowly press the plunger to titrate until the 7. color changes from red to blue.

Read the test result from the scale where the large ring on the Titrator meets 8. the Titrator barrel. Multiply by 5.16. This is Titration Value A.

III. TITRATION B, CALCIUM

Fill the test tube (0778) to the 5 mL line with the diluted soil extract. Dilute to 1. 10 mL with deionized water.

Test Procedures

Add 2 drops of *Inhibitor Solution (9258).2.

Add 2 drops of *TEA Reagent (3921).3.

Add 8 drops of *Sodium Hydroxide w/Metal Inhibitors (4259).4.

Add one Calcium-Hardness Indicator Tablet (T-5250) to the test sample. Cap 5. and shake to dissolve the tablet. A red color will develop.

Immediately titrate the sample. Fill the Direct Reading Titrator with Standard 6. EDTA Reagent (5254). Insert the tip of the Titrator into the hole in the cap of the test tube.

While gently shaking the tube, slowly press the plunger to titrate until the red 7. color changes to a clear blue and does not revert to red upon standing 1-2 minutes.

Read the test result from the scale where the large ring on the Titrator meets 8. the Titrator barrel. Multiply by 5.16. This is Titration Value B.

60 SMART3 Soil 1.11

IV. FINAL RESULTS

Calcium Content = 0.4 x Titration Value B = ppm Ca

Magnesium Content = 0.24 (Value A - Value B) = ppm Mg

Multiply the results by 2 to obtain the content in pounds per acre.

EXAMPLE:

Titration Value A is 640 ppm CaCO

Titration Value B is 520 ppm CaCO

Calcium = 0.4 x 520 = 208 ppm Ca

= 208 x 2 = 416 lb/acre Ca

Magnesium = 0.24 (640 - 520)

= 0.24 x 120 = 29 ppm Mg = 29 x 2 = 58 lb/acre Mg

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 61

Test Procedures

62 SMART3 Soil 1.11

CHLORIDE

DIRECT READING TITRATOR METHOD • CODE M7241

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

15 mL *Chloride Reagent #1 *4504-E

60 mL *Silver Nitrate, 0.141N *3062DR-H

1 Test Tube, 5-10-15 mL, plastic, w/cap 0701

1 Spoon, 1g 0697

1 Test Tube, 5-10-15 mL, glass, w/cap 0778

1 Direct Reading Titrator, 0-1000 Range 0384

Chlorides are present in practically all soils. Application of fertilizer may increase chloride levels. Chlorides are removed from soil by leaching. Excessive concentrations are toxic to plants. A high test reading, particularly where stunted growth has been observed, may indicate poisoning due to high chloride levels in the soil. This test is valuable on saline soils or when contamination from sea water or sea spray is suspected. Normal soils of humid regions rarely give readable tests, except when recently receiving liberal amounts of fertilizers containing chlorides.

Test Procedures

RANGE: 0-1000 lb/acre Chloride

METHOD: In a neutral or slightly alkaline solution, potassium

dichromate indicates the endpoint of the silver nitrate titration.

INTERFERENCES: Bromine, iodide and cyanide register as equivalent

chloride concentrations.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 63

PROCEDURE

Carefully read the LaMotte Direct Reading Titrator Manual (1649) before performing the titration procedure described below. The Titrator is calibrated in terms of parts per million chloride and each minor division on the Titrator scale equals 20 ppm.

Fill a clean test tube (0701) to the 15 mL line with deionized water.1.

Add 3 measures of soil using the 1 g spoon (0697). Cap tube and shake for 2. five minutes.

Filter and collect all of the soil filtrate using the funnel (0459) and filter paper 3. (0463). The extract does not have to be clear since a slight turbidity does not interfere in the test.

Fill the test tube (0778) to the 10 mL line with the filtrate.4.

Add three drops of *Chloride Reagent #1 (4504) to the sample. Cap and 5. shake to mix. A yellow color will result.

Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0384) with *Silver Nitrate, 0.141 (3062DR) in 6. the manner described in the instruction manual.

Titrate the test sample with *Silver Nitrate, 0.141 (3062DR) until the yellow 7. color changes permanently to pink. Read the test result from the scale where the large ring on the Titrator meets the Titrator barrel. If the plunger reaches the bottom mark (1000 ppm) on the Titrator scale before the endpoint color change occurs, refill the Titrator and continue the titration procedure. Be sure to include the value of the original amount added (1000 ppm) when recording the final result.

Test Procedures

64 SMART3 Soil 1.11

COPPER

DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE METHOD •CODE 3646-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

15 mL *Copper 1 *6446-E

Like many other micronutrients, the amount of available copper varies considerably with the type of soil. Well drained sandy soils are usually low in copper while heavily clay-type soils contain an abundant supply of copper. Like manganese, copper may be unavailable in soils that have a high organic makeup because it readily forms insoluble complexes with organic compounds.

Generally from 0.2-25 lb/acre of copper is added to the soil to correct a deficient level. Copper is another metal that is necessary in the formation of the chlorophyll molecule and like other metals, e.g. iron, manganese and zinc acts as a catalyst.

RANGE: 0.00-35.00 ppm Copper

METHOD: Cupric ions form a yellow colored chelate with

Diethyldithiocarbamate around pH 9-10, in proportion to the concentration of copper in the sample.

INTERFERENCES: Bismuth, cobalt, mercury, nickel and silver ions and

chlorine (6 ppm or greater) interfere seriously and must be absent.

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 65

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 031 Cu Thiocarbamate) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 031 Cu Thiocarbamate from menu.

Scroll to and select 32 Cu DDC from menu.5.

Fill a clean tube (0290) to the 10 mL line with the soil extract then neutralize 6. according to the procedure on page 56.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.7.

Remove tube from colorimeter and add 5 drops of *Copper 1 (6446). Cap 8. and mix. Solution will turn yellow if copper is present.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the 9. result by 5 to determine the copper concentration in ppm.

Press 10. previous menu or make another menu selection.

NOTE: The reaction may stain the tubes. Scrub the tubes thoroughly after each use.

COPPER CONCENTRATION CHART

PARTS PER MILLION RANGE

0-1 ppm Low

1-3 ppm Marginal

Test Procedures

3-4 ppm Adequate

to select TESTING MENU.

button to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

button to exit to a

66 SMART3 Soil 1.11

IRON

BIPYRIDYL METHOD • CODE 3648-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Iron Reagent #1 *V-4450-G

5 g *Iron Reagent #2 Powder *V-4451-C

1 Pipet, 0.5 mL, plastic 0353

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

Iron is essential to the formation of chlorophyll, and iron deficiency causes chlorosis. While most soils contain abundant iron, only a fraction is soluble and readily available to the growing plant. This is particularly true in neutral or alkaline soils. Acid soils contain higher levels of available iron.

RANGE: 0.00-30.00 ppm Iron

METHOD: Ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron and subsequently

forms a colored complex with bipyridyl for a quantitative measure of total iron.

INTERFERENCES: Strong oxidizing agents interfere, as well as copper and

cobalt in excess of 5.0 mg/L

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 67

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 051 Iron Bipyridyl) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 051 Iron Bipyridyl from menu.

Fill a clean tube (0290) to the 10 mL line with the soil extract then neutralize 5. according to the procedure on page 50.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Use the 0.5 mL pipet (0353) to add one 7. measure of *Iron Reagent #1 (V-4450). Cap and mix.

Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add 0.1 g of *Iron Reagent #2 Powder 8. (V-4451). Cap and shake vigorously for 30 seconds. Wait three minutes for maximum color development.

At the end of 3 minute waiting period, do not mix. Insert tube into chamber, 9. close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 5 to determine the iron concentration in ppm.

Press 10. or make another menu selection.

NOTE: For best possible results, a reagent blank should be determined to account for any contribution to the test result by the reagent system. To determine the reagent blank, follow the above test procedure to scan a distilled or deionized water blank. Then follow the above procedure to perform the test on a distilled or deionized water sample. This test result is the reagent blank. Subtract the reagent blank from all subsequent test results of unknown samples. It is necessary to determine the reagent blank only when a new lot number of reagents is obtained.

Test Procedures

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

IRON CONCENTRATION CHART

PARTS PER MILLION RANGE

0.0-1.3 ppm Very Low

1.4-3.0 ppm Low

3.0-5.0 ppm Medium

5.0-10.0 ppm Medium High

Above 10.0-25.0 ppm High

68 SMART3 Soil 1.11

MANGANESE – HIGH RANGE

PERIODATE METHOD • CODE 3669-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

10 g Manganese Buffer Reagent 6310-D

15 g *Manganese Periodate Reagent *6311-E

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

1 Spoon, 0.15 g, plastic 0727

The amount of manganese available to the plant is dependant upon the soil pH, the quantity of organic matter present, and the degree of aeration. Manganese deficiency is most likely to occur in neutral or alkaline soils because it is less soluble at elevated pH levels. In extremely acid soils, where manganese is more soluble, toxic levels may exist which may reduce crop yields. In slightly acid sandy soils, manganese may leach past the root zone and not be able for utilization by the plant. Also, it is believed that manganese may form insoluble organic complexes in some soils that have high humus content. All of the factors contribute to the availability of this essential element. Only soil or tissue tests can determine whether deficient or toxic levels of manganese exist.

Test Procedures

Although manganese is known to play an important role in many of the metabolic processes in the plant, little is known about its function other than it is required in some enzyme reactions and is required for the formation of chlorophyll in the plant.

APPLICATION: 0.00-75.00 ppm Manganese

METHOD: Periodate method

INTERFERENCES: Reducing substances capable of reacting with

periodate or permanganate must be eliminated. Chlorine in small amounts can be oxidized by periodate.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 69

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 056 Manganese HR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 056 Manganese HR from menu.

Fill a clean tube (0290) to the 10 mL line with the soil extract then neutralize 5. according to the procedure on page 50.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add two 7. measures of Manganese Buffer Reagent (6310). Cap and mix until powder dissolves.

Use the 0.15 g spoon (0727) to add one measure of *Manganese Periodate 8. Reagent (6311). Cap and shake for one minute. An undissolved portion of the reagent may remain in the bottom of the tube without adversely affecting the test results. Wait two minutes for maximum color development. Solution will turn pink if manganese is present.

At the end of the two minute waiting period, mix, insert tube into chamber, 9. close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 5 to determine the manganese concentration in ppm.

Press 10. or make another menu selection.

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

MANGANESE CONCENTRATION CHART

PARTS PER MILLION RANGE

Test Procedures

0-5 ppm Low

5-12 ppm Medium

13-24 ppm Medium High

25-40 ppm High

Over 40 ppm Very High

70 SMART3 Soil 1.11

NITRATE-NITROGEN – LOW RANGE

CADMIUM REDUCTION METHOD • CODE 3649-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

2 x 60 mL *Mixed Acid Reagent *V-6278-H

5 g *Nitrate Reducing Reagent *V-6279-C

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

1 Dispenser Cap 0692

Nitrogen is a component of the chlorophyll (green color) in plants, thus giving plants the rich green color characteristic of a healthy plant. Nitrogen promotes succulence in forage crops and leafy vegetables. When used at the recommended rates, nitrogen improves the quality of leaf crops. It also simulates the utilization of phosphorus, potassium and other essential nutrient elements. The above-ground growth of plants is enhanced with nitrogen. Nitrogen hastens crop maturity (assuming all other nutrients are adequately supplied and excessive nitrogen rates are not applied). Nitrogen is very influential in fruit sizing.

APPLICATION: 0.00-300.00 lb/acre Nitrate-Nitrogen

METHOD: Powdered cadmium is used to reduce nitrate to nitrite.

The nitrite that is originally present plus reduced nitrate is determined by diazotizing sulfanilamide and coupling with N-(1 naphthyl)-ethylenediamine dihydrochloride to form a highly colored azo dye which is measured colorimetrically.

INTERFERENCES: Strong oxiding and reducing substances interfere. Low

results might be obtained for samples that contain high concentrations of iron and copper.

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 71

PROCEDURE

NOTE: Place Dispenser Cap (0692) on *Mixed Acid Reagent (V-6278). Save this cap for refill reagents.

Press and hold 1.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select TESTING MENU.

until colorimeter turns on.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 064 Nitrate-N LR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 064 Nitrate-N LR from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of soil extract to a clean tube (0290) 5. and dilute to the line with deionized water. Cap tube and mix.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter and pour off 5 mL into graduated cylinder or 7. similar. Discard the remaining diluted extract.

Pour the 5 mL diluted extract from a graduated cylinder or similar into the 8. tube. Use the graduated cylinder or similar to measure 5 mL of *Mixed Acid Reagent (V-6278) and add to tube. Cap and mix. Wait 2 minutes before proceeding to Step 10.

Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add two measures of *Nitrate Reducing 9. Reagent (V-6279). Cap.

Hold tube by index finger and thumb and mix by inverting approximately 10. 60 times a minute for four minutes. Wait 10 minutes for maximum color development. NOTE: At end of waiting period an undissolved portion of Nitrate Reducing Reagent may remain in bottom of the tube without affecting results.

At the end of the 10 minute waiting period, mix, insert tube into chamber, 11. close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 100 to determine

Test Procedures

the nitrate-nitrogen concentration in lb/acre.

Press 12.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

or make another menu selection.

To convert Nitrate Nitrogen (NO

4.4.

–N) results to ppm Nitrate (NO

–

), multiply by

72 SMART3 Soil 1.11

NITRATE-NITROGEN CONCENTRATION CHART

POUNDS PER ACRE RANGE

0-9.0 lb/acre Low

11-29 lb/acre Medium

33-51 lb/acre Medium High

53-100 lb/acre High

Over 100 lb/acre Very High

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 73

Test Procedures

74 SMART3 Soil 1.11

NITRITE-NITROGEN

DIAZOTIZATION METHOD • CODE 3650-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

2 x 60 mL *Mixed Acid Reagent *V-6278-H

5 g *Color Developing Reagent *V-6281-C

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

1 Dispenser Cap 0692

Nitrites are formed as an intermediate step in the production of nitrate. Soils that are well drained and aerated contain only small amounts of nitrite nitrogen. Excessive nitrites, which are toxic to plants, may result from soil conditions unfavorable to the formation of nitrate, such as inadequate aeration. High nitrite readings may also be encountered in soils with large amounts of nitrates, where a portion of the nitrate nitrogen decomposes to form nitrites.

APPLICATION: 0.00-40.00 lb/acre Nitrate-Nitrogen

METHOD: The diazonium compound formed by diazotization of

sulfanilamide by nitrite in water under acid conditions is coupled with N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine to produce a reddish-purple color which is read colorimetrically.

INTERFERENCES: There are few known interferences of substances at

concentrations less than 1000 times that of nitrite; however, the presence of strong oxidants or reductants may readily affect the nitrite concentrations. High alkalinity (above 600 mg/L) will give low results due to a shift in pH.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 75

Test Procedures

PROCEDURE

NOTE: Place Dispenser Cap (0692) on *Mixed Acid Reagent (V-6278). Save this cap for refill reagents.

Press and hold 1.

ENTER

Press 2.

to select TESTING MENU.

until colorimeter turns on.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 067 Nitrite-N LR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 067 Nitrite-N LR from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 2 mL of soil extract to a clean tube (0290) 5. and dilute to the line with deionized water. Cap tube and mix.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter and pour off 5 mL into a graduated cylinder 7. or similar. Discard the remaining diluted extract.

Pour the 5 mL diluted extract from the graduated cylinder or similar into 8. the colorimeter tube. Use graduated cylinder or similar to measure 5 mL of *Mixed Acid Reagent (V-6278) and add to tube. Cap and mix.

Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add two measures of *Color Developing 9. Reagent (V-6281). Cap and mix by gently inverting for 1 minute. Wait 5 minutes for maximum color development.

At the end of the 5 minute waiting period, mix, insert tube into chamber, 10. close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 50 to determine the nitrite-nitrogen concentration in lb/acre.

Press 11.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

button to exit to a previous

menu or make another menu selection.

Test Procedures

NOTE: To convert nitrite-nitrogen (NO2–N) results to ppm nitrite (NO2), multiply results by 3.3.

NITRITE-NITROGEN CONCENTRATION CHART

POUNDS PER ACRE RANGE

0.0-2.0 lb/acre Low

2.5-4.0 lb/acre Medium

4.5-10.0 lb/acre Medium High

Over 10 lb/acre High

76 SMART3 Soil 1.11

PHOSPHATE

ASCORBIC ACID REDUCTION METHOD • CODE 3653-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

60 mL *Phosphate Acid Reagent *V-6282-H

5 g *Phosphate Reducing Reagent *V-6283-C

1 Pipet, 1 mL, plastic 0354

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

Phosphorus is necessary for the hardy growth of the plant and activity of the cells. It encourages root development, and by hastening the maturity of the plant, it increases the ratio of grain to straw, as well as the total yield. It plays an important part in increasing the palatability of plants and simulates the formation of fats, convertible starches and healthy seed. By stimulating rapid cell development in the plant, phosphorus naturally increases the resistance to disease. An excess of phosphorus does not cause the harmful effect of excessive nitrogen and has an important balancing effect upon the plant.

APPLICATION: 0.00-99.00 lb/acre Phosphorus

METHOD: The diazonium compound formed by diazotization of

sulfanilamide by nitrite in water under acid conditions is coupled with N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine to produce a reddish-purple color which is read Ammonium molybdate and antimony potassium tartrate react in a filtered acid medium with dilute solution

-2

of PO complex. This complex is reduced to an intense blue colored complex by ascorbic acid. The color is proportionate to the amount of phosphate present. (Only orthophosphate forms a blue color in this test.) Polyphosphates (and some organic phosphorus compounds) may be converted to the orthophosphate form by sulfuric acid digestion. Organic phosphorus compounds may be converted to the orthophosphate form by persulfate digestion.

INTERFERENCES: High iron concentrations can cause precipitation of and

subsequent loss of phosphorus.

to form an antimony-phosphomolybdate

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 77

Test Procedures

78 SMART3 Soil 1.11

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

Press 2.

ENTER

to select TESTING MENU.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 078 Phosphate ppb) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 078 Phosphate ppb from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of the soil extract to a clean tube 5. (0290) and dilute to the 10 mL line with deionized water.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Use 1.0 mL pipet (0354) to add 1.0 mL of 7. *Phosphate Acid Reagent (V-6282). Cap and mix.

Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add one measure of *Phosphate Reducing 8. Reagent (V-6283). Cap and shake until powder dissolves. Wait 5 minutes for full color development. Solution will turn blue if phosphorus is present.

At end of 5 minute waiting period, mix, insert tube into chamber, close 9. lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 32 to determine the phosphorus concentration in lb/acre.

Press 10.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

or make another menu selection.

PHOSPHORUS IN ALKALINE SOILS

A special extraction procedure is used for determining the available phosphorus content of Western U.S. alkaline soils where the pH value is above 7.0.

Test Procedures

EXTRACTION PROCEDURE

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of the *Special NF Extracting 1. Solution (6362) to the test tube (0701) then add deionized water to the graduation.

Add 3 one gram measures of soil using the 1 g spoon (0697) to the 2. extracting solution in the vial.

Cap the vial and shake for a period of 5 minutes.3.

Filter using the funnel (0459) and filter paper (0463). Collect all of the filtrate.4.

Perform the Phosphorus test according to the Phosphorus procedure given 5. above.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 79

PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION CHART

POUNDS PER ACRE RANGE

0-14 lb/acre Very Low

16-34 lb/acre Low

35-67 lb/acre Medium

Over 70 lb/acre High

Test Procedures

80 SMART3 Soil 1.11

POTASSIUM

TETRAPHENYLBORON METHOD • CODE M3639-46-65-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Sodium Hydroxide, 0.1N *4004WT-G

5 g *Tetraphenylboron Powder *6364-C

1 Spoon, 0.05g 0696

Potassium is not a component of the structural makeup of plants, yet it plays a vital role in the physiological and biochemical functions of plants. The exact function of potassium in plants is not clearly understood, but many beneficial factors, implicating the involvement and necessity of potassium in plant nutrition have been demonstrated. Some of these factors are: it enhances disease resistance by strengthening stalks and stems; activates various enzyme systems within plants; contributes to a thicker cuticle (waxy layer) which guards against disease and water loss; controls the turgor pressure within plants to prevent wilting; enhances fruit size, flavor, texture and development and is involved in the production of amino acids (the building blocks for protein), chlorophyll formation ( green-color), starch formation and sugar transport from leaves to roots.

Test Procedures

When present in large amounts, ammonia salts will produce a precipitate similar to that produced by potassium. If fertilizer containing ammonia salts has recently been applied, or if the soil pH is below pH 5.0, perform the ammonia test before performing the potassium test. A high ammonia nitrogen test result will alert the operator to a probable false high reading in the potassium test; actual potassium tests will be somewhat lower.

APPLICATION: 0.0-500.0 lb/acre Potassium

METHOD: Potassium reacts with sodium tetraphenylboron to form

a colloidal white precipitate in quantities proportional to the potassium concentration measured as turbidity.

INTERFERENCES: Calcium and Magnesium at very high concentrations.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 81

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 083 Potassium) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 083 Potassium from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 2 ml of the soil extract to a clean tube 5. (0290) and dilute to the 10 mL line with deionized water.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK.6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Add 4 drops of *Sodium Hydroxide, 1.0N 7. (4004WT). Cap and mix.

Use the 0.05 g spoon (0696) to add one measure of *Tetraphenylboron 8. Powder (6364). Cap and shake vigorously until all of the powder has dissolved. Wait 5 minutes.

At end of 5 minute waiting period, mix tube again to suspend any settled 9. precipitate. Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 50 to determine the potassium concentration in lb/acre.

Press 10. menu or make another menu selection.

NOTES:

For best possible results, a reagent blank should be determined to account for any contribution to the test result by the reagent system. To determine the reagent blank, follow the above test procedure to scan a distilled or deionized water blank. Then follow the above procedure to perform the test on a distilled or deionized water sample. This test result is the reagent blank. Subtract the reagent blank from all subsequent test results of unknown samples. It

Test Procedures

is necessary to determine the reagent blank only when a new lot number of reagents are obtained.

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn the colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous

For the most accurate results, the sample and reagents should be at 25±4°C.

POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION CHART

POUNDS PER ACRE RANGE

0-44 lb/acre Very Low

50-76 lb/acre Low

82-143 lb/acre Medium

144-281 lb/acre High

Over 294 lb/acre Very High

82 SMART3 Soil 1.11

SULFUR

BARIUM CHLORIDE METHOD • CODE 3665-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

10 g *Sulfate Reagent *V-6277-D

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

Sulfur is essential to the formation of protein and affects various aspects of plant metabolism. Sulfur-deficient plants are pale green in color with thin, reedy stems. Negatively charged sulfate ions are easily leached. The major sources of soil sulfate are fertilizer containing sulfate compounds and atmospheric sulfur dioxide carried into the soil by precipitation.

RANGE: 3-94 ppm Sulfur

METHOD: Sulfate ion is precipitated in an acid medium with

barium chloride to form barium sulfate crystals in proportion to the amount of sulfate present.

INTERFERENCE: Suspended matter and color interference may be

removed by a filtration step. Silica in excess of 500 mg/L will interfere.

Test Procedures

SMART3 Soil 1.11 83

PROCEDURE

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 089 Sulfate HR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 089 Sulfate HR from menu.

Use the 1 mL pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of *Sulfate Extracting Solution (6363) 5. to the test tube (0701) then add deionized water to the 15 mL line.

Add 3 one gram measures of soil using the 1 g spoon (0697). Cap vial and 6. shake for five minutes.

Filter and collect all of the soil filtrate using the funnel (0459) and filter paper 7. (0463). If the filtrate is not clear, filter a second time.

Fill a clean tube (0290) to the 10 mL line with the soil extract.8.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK..9.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Use the 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add one 10. measure of *Sulfate Reagent (V-6277). Cap and shake until powder dissolves. A white precipitate will develop if sulfates are present. Wait 5 minutes.

Mix tube again. Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN 11. SAMPLE. Multiply the result by 1.65 to determine the sulfur concentration in ppm.

Press 12. or make another menu selection.

ENTER

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

Test Procedures

SULFUR CONCENTRATION CHART

PARTS PER MILLION RANGE

0-16 ppm Low

17-30 ppm Medium Low

31-50 ppm Medium

52-75 ppm High

84 SMART3 Soil 1.11

ZINC

ZINCON METHOD • CODE 3667-SC

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Zinc Indicator Solution *6314-G

120 mL *Methyl Alcohol *6319-J

10 g Sodium Ascorbate Powder 6316-D

25 g *Zinc Buffer Powder *6315-G

15 mL *Sodium Cyanide, 10% *6565-E

30 mL *Formaldehyde Solution, 37% *5128-G

1 “Dilute Zinc Indicator Solution” Bottle, w/1

pipet assembly

1 Graduated Cylinder, 10 mL, glass 0416

1 Spoon, 0.5 g, plastic 0698

2 Pipets, plain, plastic 0352

1 Spoon, 0.1 g, plastic 0699

0128-MT

Test Procedures

The availability of zinc in soils decreases with an increase in soil pH. Some soils that are limited above pH 6.0 may show a zinc deficiency especially in well drained sandy soils. A nutrient interaction exists between soils that have a high phosphorous level and show a zinc deficiency even though zinc levels were sufficient. This interaction is due to the preferential uptake of phosphorus instead of zinc and the possible formation of insoluble zinc phosphates. Once zinc is applied to the soil, it is relatively immobile because it is readily absorbed by organic matter in the soil.

Zinc is essential in promoting certain enzyme reactions in the soil and is required for the production of chlorophyll and the formation of carbohydrates in plants.

SMART3 Soil 1.11 85

RANGE: 0.00 - 15.00 ppm Zinc

METHOD: Zinc forms a blue colored complex with Zincon in a

solution buffered at pH 9.0. Other heavy metals are complexed by cyanide and the zinc cyanide complex is released by the addition of formaldehyde before the other metal cyanide complexes are destroyed. Sodium ascorbate is added to reduce the interference of manganese.

INTERFERENCES: The following ions interfere in concentrations in soil

extract greater than those listed.

Ion mg/L Ion mg/L

Cd(II) 1 Cr(III) 10

Al (III) 5 Ni(II) 20

Mn (II) 5 Cn (II) 30

Fe (III) 7 Co (II) 30

Fe (II) 9 CrO4(II) 50

Test Procedures

86 SMART3 Soil 1.11

PROCEDURE

A. PREPARATION OF DILUTE ZINC INDICATOR SOLUTION

Use a pipet (0352) to measure exactly 5.0 mL of *Zinc Indicator Solution 1. (6314) into 10 mL graduated cylinder (0416). The bottom of the curved surface (the meniscus) of liquid should be at 5.0 mL mark. Pour this into the bottle labeled “Dilute Zinc Indicator Solution”.

Use unrinsed graduated cylinder to add 10.0 mL and then 7.8 mL (total of 2.

17.8 mL) of *Methyl Alcohol (6319) to bottle labeled “Dilute Zinc Indicator Solution”. Cap and mix ingredients in this bottle. Do not leave this bottle uncapped.

B. DETERMINATION OF ZINC

Press and hold 1. until colorimeter turns on.

ENTER

Press 2.

Select 3. ALL TESTS (or another sequence containing 099 Zinc LR) from TESTING MENU.

Scroll to and select 4. 099 Zinc LR from menu.

Fill a clean tube (0290) to the 10 mL line with the soil extract then neutralize 5. according to the procedure on page XXX.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN BLANK. (See Note)6.

Remove tube from colorimeter. Use 0.1 g spoon (0699) to add one measure 7. of Sodium Ascorbate Powder (6316). Use 0.5 g spoon (0698) to add one measure of *Zinc Buffer Powder (6315). Cap and shake vigorously for 1 minute. Some undissolved buffer may remain in the bottom of the tube.

Add 3 drops of *Sodium Cyanide, 10% (6565). Cap and mix.8.

Use the 1 mL pipet assembly to add 1 mL of “Dilute Zinc Indicator Solution”. 9. Cap and mix.

Use a second plain pipet (0352) to add 4 drops of *Formaldehyde Solution, 10. 37% (5128). Cap and mix by inverting 15 times.

Insert tube into chamber, close lid and select SCAN SAMPLE. Multiply result 11. by 5 to determine the zinc concentration in ppm.

Press 12. or make another menu selection.

to select TESTING MENU.

to turn colorimeter off or press

EXIT

to exit to a previous menu

SMART3 Soil 1.11 87

ZINC CONCENTRATION CHART

PARTS PER MILLION RANGE

0-0.5 ppm Low

0.6-1.0 ppm Marginal

1.1-2 ppm Adequate

SMART3 Soil 1.11 88

LaMotte SMART Link 2 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual