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TO TAL & PHENOLPHTHALEIN
AL KA LIN ITY TEST KIT
MODEL WAT -MP-DR -L • CODE 4533-DR-L
QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE
15 mL *Phenolphthalein Indicator, 1% *2246-E
15 mL Total Alkalinity Indicator 2786-E
60 mL *Alkalinity Titration Reagent B *4493DR-H
1 Test Tube, 5-10-15 mL, glass, w/cap 0778
1 Direct Reading Titrator, 0-200 Range 0382
*WARNING: Reagents marked with a * are considered hazardous substances. To
view or print a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for these reagents see MSDS
CD or our website. To obtain a printed copy, contact us by e-mail, phone or fax.
To order individual reagents or test kit components, use the specified code
number.
NOTE: Read the Direct Reading Titrator Instruction Manual before
proceeding. The Titrator is calibrated to resad the Alkalinity test result
directly in ppm Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3). Each minor division on the
Titrator scale equals 4 ppm.
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PHENOLPHTHALEIN (P) AL KA LIN ITY PRO CE DURE
1. Fill test tube (0778) to 5 mL line with sample water.
2. Add 3 drops of *Phenolphthalein Indicator, 1% (2246). Cap and
mix. If no red color develops, the P Alkalinity is zero; proceed to Step
6. Otherwise, proceed to Step 3.
3. Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0382) with *Alkalinity Titration
Reagent B (4493DR). Insert Titrator into center hole of test tube cap.
4. While gently swirling tube, slowly press plunger to titrate until red
color disappears. Record test result directly from the Titrator as ppm
P Alkalinity as CaCO3. Do not move plunger. Save sample and
titrant for Total (T) Alkalinity test.
TO TAL (T) AL KA LIN ITY PROCEDURE
5. Being careful not to move plunger, remove Titrator and cap from test
tube.
6. Add 3 drops of Total Alkalinity Indicator (2786) to the sample from
Step 4. Cap and mix. Solution should turn green-blue.
7. Reinsert Titrator into cap. While gently swirling the tube, add
*Alkalinity Titration Reagent B (4493DR) until green-blue color
changes to pink. Read result directly from the Titrator as ppm T
Alkalinity as CaCO3.
If only Total Alkalinity is to be tested, perform Steps 1, 6 and 7, using a
full Titrator for Step 7.
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CAL CU LA TION OF AL KA LIN ITY RE LA TION SHIPS
Results obtained from Phenolphthalein and Total Alkalinity
determinations offer a means for the stoichiometric classification of three
principal forms of alkalinity present in many water supplies. Classification
attributes the entire alkalinity to bicarbonate, carbonate and hydroxide;
and assumes absence of other weak acids of inorganic or organic
composition, such as silicic, phosphoric, and boric. This classification
system further assumes incompatibility of hydroxide and bicarbonate
alkalinities in the same sample. Since calculations are on a stoichiometric
basis, ion concentrations in the strictest sense are not represented in the
results.
According to this scheme:
A. Carbonate Alkalinity is present when Phenolphthalein Alkalinity is
not zero but less than the Total Alkalinity.
B. Hydroxide Alkalinity is present if Phenolphthalein Alkalinity is more
than one-half the Total Alkalinity.
C. Bicarbonate Alkalinity is present if Phenolphthalein Alkalinity is less
than one-half the Total Alkalinity.
Mathematical conversion of the result is shown in the following table:
Relationships Between Phenolphthalein,
Total, Carbonate, Bicarbonate & Hydroxide Alkalinity
Result
of
Titration
Hydroxide
Alkalinity
as CaCO
Carbonate
Alkalinity
3
as CaCO
3
Bicarbonate
Alkalinity
as CaCO
3
P=0 0 0 T
P<1/2T 0 2P
T-2P
P=1/2T 0 2P 0
P>1/2T
2P-T 2(T-P)
0
P=T T 0 0
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LaMOTTE COM PANY
Helping Peo ple Solve An a lyt i cal Chal lenges
PO Box 329 • Chestertown • Mary land • 21620 • USA
800-344-3100 • 410-778-3100 (Out side U.S.A.) • Fax 410-778-6394
Visit us on the web at www.lamotte.com
SM
12/01
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