KYORITSU KEW 6016 Instruction Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MULTI-FUNCTION TESTER

KEW 6016

CONTENTS

1. Safe Testing ……….…………………………………………………………….….……. 1

2. Instruments Layout …………………………………………………………..……... 3

3. Accessor ies …………………………………… …………………………………….. 5

4. Features ……………………………………………………………………………… 6

5. Specification …………………………………………………………………………. 8

5.1 Measurement Specification …………………………………………………. 8

5.2 Oper ating error ………………………………………………………….……. 11

5.3 General Spec ification ….…………………………………………………….. 13

5.4 Applied standards …………………………………………………………….. 14

5.5 List of Display Message .…………………………………………………….. 15

6. Configuration …………………… …………………………………………………… 16

7. Continuity(resistance) tests ………………………………………………………... 17

7.1 Test procedure ………………………………………………………………... 17

7.2 2Ω Buzzer ..……………………………………………………………………. 19

8. Insulation tests ………………………………………………………………………. 20

8.1.1 The nature of insulation resistance ……………………………………….. 20

8.1.2 Capacitive current ………………………………………………………….. 20

8.1.3 Conduction current …………………………………………………………. 21

8.1.4 Surface leakage current ………………………………………………….... 21

8.1.5 Total leakage current .…………………………………………………….... 21

8.2 Damage to voltage sensitive equipment ………………………………….... 22

8.3 Preparation for measurement ……………………………………………….. 23

8.4 Insulation resistance measurement .……………………………………...… 23

9. LOOP/PSC/PFC test ……………………………………………. ……..………...… 26

9.1 Principles of measurement of fault loop impedance and PFC……...…… 26

9.2 Principles of measurement of line impedance and PSC…………...…… 31

9.3 Operating instructions for LOOP and PSC/PFC ……………………...…… 32

9.3.1 Initial Checks ……………………………………………………………...... 32

9.3.2 Measurement of LOOP and PSC/PFC …………………………………… 34

10. RCD tests …………………………………………………………………………..... 37

10.1 Principles of RCD Measurement ………………………………………...... 37

10.2 Principles of Uc Measurement……………………………………………… 39

10.3 Operating Instructions for RCD .………………………………………...…. 39

10.3.1 Initial Checks …………………………………………………………...…. 39

10.3.2 RCD Measurement .…………………………………………………..….. 41

11. Earth tests…………………………………………………………………...…... ... 43

11.1 Principles of Earth Measurement ………………………………………… 43

11.2 Earth resistance Measurement.………………………………………...…. 43

12. Phase Rotation tests.…………………………………...…. …………………...…. 45

13. Volts……………………………………… ……………. …… ……………………… 46

14. Touch Pad.……. ………………………………………. …………………………… 46

15. Back Light………………………………………………………………………………… 46

16. Memory Function………………………………………………………………………… 47

16.1 How to save the dat a… …… ………… ………… ……………………… 47

16.2 Rec all the saved dat a…………… …… …………………………… …… 49

16.3 Del ete th e saved dat a……………………………… ……………… …… 50

16. 4 Transfer the stored data to PC ………………………………………… 52

17. Gener al .………………………………………………………………………...……. 53

18. Battery replacement ………………………………………………………………… 54

19. Fuse replacement ……………………………………………………………...…… 54

20. Ser vicing………………………………………………………………………...…… 55

21. Case and strap assembly ....……………………………………………………….. 56

The KEW6016 incorporates Anti Trip Technology (ATT) which electronically bypasses
RCDs when performing loop impedance tests. This saves time and money by not having
to take the RCD out of the circuit during testing and is a safer procedure to follow.
With the ATT function enabled , a test of 15mA or less is applied between line & earth. It
enables loop impedance measurements without tripping RCDs rated at 30mA and above.
Please read this instruction manual carefully before using this equipment.

1

1. SAFE TESTING

Electricity is dangerous and can cause injury and death. Always treat it with the
greatest of respect and care. If you are not quite sure how to proceed, stop and take
advice from a qualified person.

1 This instrument must only be used by a competent and trained person and operated in

strict accordance with the instructions. KYORITSU will not accept liability for any damage
or injury caused by misuse or non-compliance with the instructions or with the safety
procedures.

2 It is essential to read and to understand the safety rules contained in these instructions.

They must always be observed when using the instrument.

3 This instrument is designed to work in distribution systems where the line to earth has a

maximum voltage of 300V 50/60Hz and for some ranges where line to line has a
maximum voltage of 500V 50/60Hz.

Be sure to use it within this rated voltage.

For use in the continuity testing and insulation testing modes this instrument must be

used ONLY on circuits which are de-energized.

4 When conducting tests do not touch any exposed metalwork associated with the

installation. Such metalwork may become live for the duration of the test.

5 Never open the instrument case (except for fuse and battery replacement and in this

case disconnect all leads first) because dangerous voltages are present. Only fully
trained and competent electrical engineers should open the case. If a fault develops,
return the instrument to your distributor for inspection and repair.

6 If the overheat symbol appears in the display disconnect the instrument from the mains

supply and allow to cool down.

7 If abnormal conditions of any sort are noted (such as a faulty display, unexpected

readings, broken case, cracked test leads, etc) do not use the tester and return it to your
distributor for repair.

8 For safety reasons only use accessories (test leads, probes, fuses, cases, etc) designed

to be used with this instrument and recommended by KYORITSU. The use of other
accessories is prohibited as they are unlikely to have the correct safety features.

9 When testing, always be sure to keep your fingers behind the finger guards on the test

leads.

10 During testing it is possible that there may be a momentary degradation of the reading

due to the presence of excessive transients or discharges on the electrical system under
test. Should this be observed, the test must be repeated to obtain a correct reading. If in
doubt, contact your distributor.

2

11 Do not operate the function selector while the instrument is connected to a circuit. If, for

example, the instrument has just completed a continuity test and an insulation test is to
follow, disconnect the test leads from the circuit before moving the selector switch.

12 Do not rotate rotary switch when test button is depressed. If the function switch is

inadvertently moved to a new function when the test button is depressed or in lock-down
position the test in progress will be halted.

13 Always check the test lead resistance before carrying out tests. This ensures the leads

are ok before taking measurements. The resistance of leads and/or crocodile clips may
be significant when measuring low resistances. If crocodile clips can be avoided for low
resistance measurements, this will reduce the error due to lead accessories

14 When carrying out Insulation Resistance tests, always release the test button and wait for

charged capacitances to totally discharge before removing the test leads from the test
circuit.

3

2. INSTRUMENT LAYOUT

Name Operation
(1) Back Light Button Switches on/off the Backlight of the

Display(LCD)

(2) Test Button Starts measurements. (press and rotate

for lock down feature)

(3) Touch Pad Checks the electrical potential at the PE

terminal
(4) Power Switch Power Switch
(5) Function Switch Function setting (F1 ~ F4)
(6) Display (LCD) Dot Matrix LCD 160(W)X240(H)
(7) Insulation

resistance LED

Alerts that the test voltage is being output

(8) Rotary Switch Selects measurement functions.
(9) MEM (ESC) Button Activates Memory Function, or ESC Key

Fig.1

(6)

(1)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(7)

(8)

(2)

(9)

4

Input Terminal

Function Terminal

L : Line

PE : Protective Earth

(1)

Terminal Names for :
INSULATION,
CONTINUITY
LOOP,
PFC/PSC,
RCD,
VOLTS

N : Neutral (for LOOP,PSC/PFC, RCD)

L1 : Line1
L2 : Line2

(2)

Terminal Name for
PHASE ROTATION

L3 : Line3
H(C) : Terminal for auxiliary earth

spike (current)

E : Terminal for the earth under test

(3)

Terminal Name for
EARTH

S(P) : Terminal for auxiliary earth
spike (potential)

(4) Optical Adapter Communication port for Model8212USB

Fig.2

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

5

3. Accessories

1.Main Test Lead (Model7218)

2.Remote Test Lead (Model 7196)

3.Distribution Board fused test lead (Model7188)

(Fuse: 10A/600V fast acting ceramic)

4.

Earth Tests Lead(Model7228) and

Auxiliary Earth Spikes

5.Test Lead Carry pouchx1

6.Carrying Bagx1

7.Instruction Manualx1

8.Shoulder Strapx1

9.Bucklex2

10.Batteryx8

11.Model8212USB with PC Software “KEW Report”.

Blue(Neutral) Fig.3

Blue(Neutral or L3)

Green(Protective Earth or L2)

Red(Line or L1)

Fig. 4

Red(Line)

Green(Protective Earth)

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Yellow S(P)10m

Green E 5m

Red H(C) 20m

Auxiliary Earth Spikes x2

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

6

4. FEATURES

The KEW6016 Multi-Function tester performs eight functions in one instrument.

1 Continuity tester
2 Insulation resistance tester
3 Loop impedance tester
4 Prospective short circuit current tester
5 RCD tester
6 Voltage tester
7 Phase rotation tester
8 Earth tester

Continuity function has the following features:

Live circuit warning “Live Circuit” warning on the display.
Fuse Protection Continuity Function has a fuse protection function to prevent a

fuse blow at live working. With this function, a fuse rarely blow
while measuring continuity on live conductors.

Continuity Null

Allows automatic subtraction of test lead resistance from
continuity measurements.

Continuity 2Ω Buzzer Buzzer sounds at 2Ω or less at Continuity function.

(Switchable on or off)

Insulation function has the following features:

Live circuit warning “Live Circuit” warning on the display.
Auto discharge Electric charges stored in capacitive circuits are discharged

automatically after testing by releasing the test button.

Insulation Resistance
LED

LED lights up while making measurements at Insulation
function and alerts that test voltage is being output.

7

Loop impedance, PSC/PFC and RCD testing functions have the following features:

Wiring check Three Wiring symbols indicate if the wiring of the circuit under

test is correct.

Over temperature
protection

Detects overheating of the internal resistor (used for LOOP and
PSC/PFC tests) and of the current control MOS FET (used for
RCD tests) displaying a warning symbol and automatically
halting further measurements.

Phase angle
selector

The test can be selected from either the positive (0°) or from the
negative (180°) half cycle of voltage. This selector is used in the
RCD mode to obtain the maximum trip time of an RCD for the
test selected.

UL value selector Select UL (limit of contact voltage) 25V or 50V. Where Uc

(contact voltage) exceeds UL value at RCD testing, “Uc > UL”
will be displayed without starting the measurement.

ALL testing functions have the following

Touch Pad Gives an alert, when touching the Touch Pad, while the PE terminal

is connected to Line by mistake.

Memory Function Save the measured data in the internal memory.

The data can be edited on a PC by using Communication Adapter
Model8212USB and PC Software “KEW Report”.

Auto power off Automatically switches the instrument off after a period of

approximately 10 minutes. The Auto power off mode can only be
cancelled by switching the instrument on again.

8

5. Specification

5.1 Measurement Specification

Continuity

Open Circuit
Voltage (DC)

Short Circuit

Current

Range

Accuracy

0~0.19Ω ±0.1Ω

5V±20%(*1)

Greater than

200mA

20/200/2000Ω
Auto-Ranging

0.2~2000Ω ±(2%rdg+8dgt)

2

Ω Buzzer : Buzzer sounds when measured resistance is 2Ω or less.

2

Ω Buzzer

Accuracy

: 2Ω±0.4Ω

(*1) Voltages are output when measurement resistance is under 2100 ohm.

Insulation Resistance

Open Circuit
Voltage (DC)

Rated Current Range Accuracy

250V+25% -0%

1mA or greater

@ 250kΩ

20/200MΩ

Auto-Ranging

0

~19.99M

Ω:

±(2%rdg+6dgt)

20

~200M

Ω:

±(5%rdg+6dgt)

500V+25% -0%

1mA or greater

@ 500kΩ

20/200/2000MΩ

Auto-Ranging

1000V+20% -0%

1mA or greater

@ 1MΩ

20/200/2000MΩ

Auto-Ranging

0

~199.9M

Ω:

±(2%rdg+6dgt)

200~2000MΩ:

±(5%rdg+6dgt)

Loop Impedance

Function

Rated

Voltage

Nominal Test Current

at 0Ω External Loop:

Magnitude/Duration(*2)

Range Accuracy

L-PE

100~260V

50/60Hz

20Ω: 6A/20ms

200Ω: 2A/20ms

2000Ω: 15mA/500ms

20/200/2000Ω

Auto-Ranging

±(3%rdg+4dgt) *3
±(3%rdg+8dgt) *4

L-PE

(ATT)

100~260V

50/60Hz

L-N: 6A/60ms

N-PE: 10mA/approx. 5s

20/200/2000Ω

Auto-Ranging

(L-N < 20Ω)

±(3%rdg+6dgt) *3
±(3%rdg+8dgt) *4

L-N / L-L

50/60Hz
L-N:100~300V
L-L:300~500V

20Ω: 6A/20ms

20Ω

±(3%rdg+4dgt) *3
±(3%rdg+8dgt) *4

*2: at 230V
*3: 230V+10%-15%
*4: voltages except for *3

9

PSC (L-N/L-L) / PFC (L-PE)

Function

Rated

Voltage

Nominal Test Current

at 0Ω External Loop:

Magnitude/Duration(*5)

Range Accuracy

PSC

100~500V

50/60Hz

6A/20ms

PFC

100~260V

50/60Hz

6A/20ms
2A/20ms

15mA/500ms

PFC

(ATT)

100~260V

50/60Hz

L-N: 6A/60ms

N-PE: 10mA/approx. 5s

2000A/20kA

Auto-Ranging

PSC/PFC

accuracy is

derived from

measured loop

impedance

specification and

measured voltage

specification

*5: at 230V

RCD

Accuracy

Trip Current

Function

Rated Voltage

AC Type A Type

Trip Time

X1/2 -8%~-2% -10%~0%

X1 +2%~+8% 0%~+10%
X5 +2%~+8% 0%~+10%

Ramp( )

230V+10%-15%

50/60Hz

±4% ± 10%

±(1%rdg+3dgt)

Auto

Depending on the accuracy at each function.
Measurement sequence:
X1/2 0°→X1/2 180°→X1 0°→X1 180°→X5 0°→X5 180°
Measurements with x5 are not carried out for RCDs with
nominal current of 100mA or more.

RCD(Uc)

Function

Rated Voltage Range Test Current Accuracy

UC

230V+10%-15%

50/60Hz

100.0V

1/2In

(max150mA)

+5%+15%rdg

±8dgt

10

RCD Trip Current Duration

RCD Trip Current Duration

Function Type

10 30 100 300 500 1000

AC 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

G

A 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 n.a

AC 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 n.a

X1/2

S

A 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 n.a

AC 550 550 550 550 550 550

G

A 550 550 550 550 550 n.a

AC 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 n.a

X1

S

A 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 n.a

AC 410 410 410 n.a n.a n.a

G

A 410 410 410 n.a n.a n.a

AC 410 410 410 n.a n.a n.a

X5

S

A 410 410 410 n.a n.a n.a

AC n.a

G

A

Goes up by 10% from 20% to 110%

300ms×10 times

n.a

AC n.a

Trip

Current

Duration

(ms)

Ramp

( )

S

A

Goes up by 10% from 20% to 110%

500ms×10 times

n.a

Earth

Measuring
Frequency

Range Accuracy

20Ω range : ±(3%rdg+0.1dgt)

200/2000Ω range : ±(3%rdg+3dgt)

825Hz

20/200/2000Ω

Auto-Ranging

(Auxiliary earth resistance 100±5%)

PHASE ROTATION

Rated Voltage

Remarks

50-500V
50/60Hz

Correct phase sequence: are displayed “1.2.3” and mark
Reversed phase sequence: are displayed “3.2.1” and mark

Volts

Function Rated voltage

Measuring

Range

Accuracy

Volts

25~500V
45~65Hz

25~500V ±(2%rdg+4dgt)

Frequency

25~500V
45~65Hz

45~65Hz ±(0.5%rdg+2dgt)

11

Possible number of tests with fresh batteries.
Continuity :Approx. 2000 times min. at load 1

Ω

Insulation Resistance :Approx. 1000 times min. at load 1M

Ω (1000V)
LOOP/PFC/PSC :Approx. 1000 times min. (ATT)
RCD :Approx. 2000 times min. (G-AC

X1 30mA)

EARTH :Approx. 1000 times min. at load 10

Ω

VOLT/PHASE ROTATION

:Approx. 50H

Reference Conditions

Ambient temperature 23±5oC

Relative humidity 45% to 75%

Nominal system voltage and

frequency

230V, 50Hz

Altitude Less than 2000m

5.2 Operating error

Continuity (EN61557-4)

Operating range compliant with

EN61557-4 operating error

Maximum percentage

operating error

0.20~1999MΩ ±30%
The influencing variations used for calculating the operating error are denoted as follows;
Temperature : 0 oC and 35 oC
Supply voltage : 8V to 13.8V

Insulation Resistance(EN61557-2)

Volt

Operating range compliant with

EN61557-2 operating error

Maximum percentage

operating error

250V 0.25~199.9MΩ
500V 0.50~1999MΩ

1000V 1.00~1999MΩ

±30%

The influencing variations used for calculating the operating error are denoted as follows;
Temperature : 0 oC and 35 oC
Supply voltage : 8V to 13.8V

12

Loop Impedance(EN61557-3)

Volt

Operating range compliant with

EN61557-3 operating error

Maximum percentage

operating error

L-PE 0.50~1999Ω

L-N 0.50~19.99Ω

±30%

The influencing variations used for calculating the operating error are denoted as follows;

Temperature : 0 oC and 35 oC
Phase angle : At a phase angle 0°to 18°
System frequency : 49.5Hz to 50.5Hz
System voltage : 230V+10%-15%
Supply voltage : 8V to 13.8V

Harmonics : 5% of 3rd harmonic at 0°phase angle

5% of 5th harmonic at 180°phase angle
5% of 7th harmonic at 0°phase angle

D.C quantity : 0.5% of the nominal voltage

RCD(EN61557-6)

Function Operating error of trip current

X1/2 -10%~0%

X1, X5 0%~+10%

Ramp -10%~+10%
The influencing variations used for calculating the operating error are denoted as follows
Temperature : 0 oC and 35 oC

Earth electrode Resistance (shall not exceed below) :

Earth electrode resistance (Ω max.)

IΔn (mA)

UL50V UL25V

10 2000 2000

30 600 600
100 200 200
300 130 65
500 80 40

1000 40 20

Table.1
System voltage: 230V+10%-15%
Supply voltage : 8V to 13.8V

13

Earth Resistance (EN61557-5)

Operating range compliant with EN61557-5

operating error

Maximum percentage

operating error

5.00~1999Ω ±30%

The influencing variations used for calculating the operating error are denoted as follows;

Temperature : 0 oC and 35 oC

Series interference voltage : 3V
Resistance of the probes and auxiliary
earth electrode resistance : 100 x RA, 50kΩ or less

Supply voltage : 8V to 13.8V

5.3 General specification

Instrument dimensions 235 X 136 X 114mm
Instrument weight:­Reference conditions

1350g (including batteries.)
Specifications are based on the following conditions except
where otherwise stated:-

1. Ambient temperature: 23±5°C:

2. Relative humidity 45% to 75%

3. Position: horizontal

4. AC power source 230V, 50Hz

5. DC power source: 12.0 V, ripple content 1% or less

6. Altitude up to 2000m, Indoor use

Battery type Eight LR6 or R6 batteries.
Operating temperature
and humidity.

0 to +40°C, relative humidity 80% or less, no condensation

Storage temperature
and humidity

-20 to +60 oC, relative humidity 75% or less, no condensation.

Display Dot Matrix LCD 160(W) X 240(H) pixels.
Overload protection The continuity test circuit is protected by a 0.5A/600V fast

acting (HRC) ceramic fuse mounted in the battery
compartment, where a spare fuse is also stored.
The insulation resistance test circuit is protected by a resistor
against 1000 V AC for 10 seconds.

14

5.4 Applied standards
Instrument operating
Standard

IEC/EN61557-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10

Safety standard

IEC/EN 61010-1(2001),
CATIII (300V) -Instrument
IEC/EN 61010-031(2001),
CATII (250V)-Test Lead Model7218
CATIII (600V)-Test Lead Model7188
CATIII (1000V)-Test Lead Model7196

CATIII (300V)-Test Lead Model7228
Protection degree IEC 60529 (1989 + A1) IP40
EMC EN 61326

EN55022/24

This manual and product may use the following symbols
adopted from International Safety Standards;

CAT.III Measurement category “CAT III” applies to;

Primary electrical circuits of the equipment connected directly
to the distribution panel, and feeders from the distribution
panel to outlets.

Equipment protected throughout by DOUBLE INSULATION
or REINFORCED INSULATION;

Caution (refer to accompanying documents)

Caution, risk of electric shock

Protection against wrong connection is up to 500V

Earth Ground

15

5.5 List of Display Message

Low battery warning
Temperature monitor for internal resistance, available at Loop,

PSC/PFC & RCD function. Further measurements are

suspended until the “ ” symbol disappears.
Measuring Measurements in progress
Live Circuit

Live circuit warning (Continuity / Insulation Function)

PE Hi V Caution : Presence of 100V or more at PE terminal, appears

when touching the Touch Pad
L-N >20Ω Alert : Presence of 20Ω or more between Line - Neutral at ATT

measurement
Noise Caution : Presence of noise in the circuit under test during ATT

measurement. ATT function should be disabled to continue

measurements.
N - PE Hi V Caution: Presence of high voltage between NEUTRAL - EARTH

during ATT measurement. ATT function should be disabled to

continue measurements.
Uc > UL Caution : Uc at RCD measurement is exceeding the preset UL

value (25 or 50V).
no Error message : When on the RCD function, RCD tripped before

measuring RCD trip time. Selected IΔn value may not be correct.

When on the LOOP, PSC/PFC function, supply may have been

interrupted.

Wiring check for LOOP, PSC/PFC function

OK

Appears when all results passed during the RCD Auto Test

function.

× NO

Appears when any results failed during the RCD Auto Test

function.

RH Hi, Rs Hi

Appears when a Probe resistance of H terminal (RH) or of S terminal (RS)

at Earth measurement is exceeded the measurable range.

No 3-phase system Appears to indicate wrong connection at Phase Rotation check.

16

6. Configuration

Setting for following three parameters

● UL valueSelects a UL value for RCD function

● Touch PadEnables / disables Touch Pad function

● Back LightSelects Backlight ON / OFF. When ON is selected, the
Backlight automatically turns on at powering on the instrument.

● LanguageSelect and change the languages to be displayed.

Setting method

3. Press the F1 – F4 Button to change following setting.

Parameter Selection Initial value
F1 UL value 25V, 50V 50V
F2 Touch Pad ON, OFF ON
F3 Back Light ON, OFF OFF

F4 Language

EN, FR,

PL,

IT, ES, RU

EN

4. Press the ESC Button ( ) when setting change is completed, and return to the normal
screen.

KEW

TESTEUR

MULTIFONCTION

6016

Konfigurowan

EN: English

FR: French
IT : Italian
ES: Spanish
RU: Russian
PL: Polish

Fig.9

1. Press the Config Button

(F4) when powering on
KEW6016. (Fig.9)

2. Then, Configuration Screen

(Fig.10) is displayed.

Fig.10

Push

Touch Pad :

UL :

OFF



ś

:

ON

50V

Language

17

7. CONTINUITY (RESISTANCE) TESTS

WARNING

Ensure that circuits to be tested are not live.

Disconnect the instrument from the circuit under test before operating the function
switch.
To select the low resistance range select ‘CONTINUITY’.

7.1 Test Procedure

The object of continuity testing is to measure only the resistance of the parts of the wiring
system under test. This measurement should not include the resistance of any test leads
used. The resistance of the test leads needs to be subtracted from any continuity
measurement. The KEW6016 is provided with a continuity null feature which allows
automatic compensation for any test lead resistance.

You should only use the test leads supplied with the instrument.

Operation of Function Switch

F1 Switches on / off NULL function

F2 Switches on / off 2Ω buzzer

F3 N/A

NULL OFF

ON

Ω

F4 N/A

Proceed as follows:­1 Select the continuity test by rotating the Rotary switch.
2 Insert the Test Leads to the L and PE terminal on KEW6016 respectively
as shown in Fig.12.

L terminal
Red cord of Model7188, or
Model7196 Remote Test Lead

PE terminal
Green cord of Model7188

3 Connect the ends of the test leads firmly together (see Fig.13) and press and lock down the

test button. The value of the lead resistance will be displayed.

Fig.12

Fig.11

Red

Green

18

NULL

ON

Ω

 

NU LL

ON

Ω



4 Operate the Continuity Null (F1) button, this will null out the lead resistance and the

indicated reading should go to zero.

5 Release the test button. Press the test button and ensure the display reads zero before

proceeding. While using the Continuity null function, “NULL ” is displayed on the LCD as
indicated in Fig.13. The null value will be stored even if the instrument is powered off. This
memorized null value can be cancelled by disconnecting the test leads and pushing the
Continuity Null button (F1) with the test button pressed or locked. When this is cancelled
you will know because NULL OFF is displayed on the LCD.
CAUTION - before taking any measurements always check the leads have been zeroed.

6 Connect the test leads to the circuit whose resistance is required (see Fig.14 for a typical

connection arrangement), having first made sure that the circuit is not live. Note that
“Live Circuit” warning will be displayed on the LCD if the circuit is live - but check first
anyway!

7 Press the test button and read the circuit resistance from the display. The reading will have

the test lead resistance already subtracted if the Continuity null function has been used.

8 Note that if the circuit resistance is greater than 20Ω the instrument will autorange to the

200Ω, if it is greater than 200Ω it will autorange to the 2000Ω range.

Note: If the reading is greater than 2000Ω the overange symbol ‘>’ will remain
displayed.

WARNING

The results of measurements can be adversely affected by impedances of additional
operating circuits connected in parallel or by transient currents.

Fig.13

19

PE

PE

MAIN EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING

GAS

WATER

NULL

ON

Ω

7.2 2Ω Buzzer ( ) function

Use F2 Button to enable / disable the 2Ω Buzzer. The buzzer sounds when measured
resistance is 2Ω or less while this function is enabled. The buzzer does not sound if it is
disabled.

Fig.14 Example of continuity test for main equipotential bonding.

20

8. INSULATION TESTS

WARNING

Ensure that circuits to be tested are not live.

Disconnect the instrument from the circuit under test before operating the function
switch.
To select the insulation resistance range select ‘INSULATION’.

8.1.1 The nature of insulation resistance

Live conductors are separated from each other and from earth metal by insulation, which has
a resistance which is high enough to ensure that the current between conductors and to
earth is kept at an acceptably low level. Ideally insulation resistance is infinite and no current
should be able to flow through it. In practice, there will normally be a current between live
conductors and to earth, and this is known as leakage current. This current is made up of
three components, which are:-

1. capacitive current

2. conduction current, and

3. surface leakage current.

8.1.2 Capacitive Current

The insulation between conductors which have a potential difference between them behaves
as the dielectric of a capacitor, the conductors acting as the capacitor plates. When a direct
voltage is applied to the conductors, a charging current will flow to the system which will die
away to zero (usually in less than a second) when the effective capacitor becomes charged.
This charge must be removed from the system at the end of the test, a function which is
automatically performed by the KEW6016. If an alternating voltage is applied between the
conductors, the system continuously charges and discharges as the applied voltage
alternates, so that there is a continuous alternating leakage current flowing to the system.

Fig.15

21

8.1.3 Conduction Current

Since the insulation resistance is not infinite, a small leakage current flows through the
insulation between conductors. Since Ohm's Law applies, the leakage current can be
calculated from

8.1.4 Surface Leakage Current

Where insulation is removed, for the connection of conductors and so on, current will flow
across the surfaces of the insulation between the bare conductors. The amount of leakage
current depends on the condition of the surfaces of the insulation between the conductors.
If the surfaces are clean and dry, the value of the leakage current will be very small. Where
the surfaces are wet and/or dirty, the surface leakage current may be significant. If it
becomes large enough, it may constitute a flashover between the conductors.
Whether this happens depends on the condition of the insulation surfaces and on the applied
voltage; this is why insulation tests are carried out at higher voltages than those normally
applying to the circuit concerned.

8.1.5 Total Leakage Current

The total leakage current is the sum of the capacitive, conduction and surface leakage
current described above. Each of the currents, and hence the total leakage current, is
affected by factors such as ambient temperature, conductor temperature, humidity and the
applied voltage.
If the circuit has alternating voltage applied, the capacitive current (8.1.2) will always be

Fig.16

Fig.17

22

present and can never be eliminated. This is why a direct voltage is used for insulation
resistance measurement, the leakage current in this case quickly falling to zero so that it
has no effect on the measurement. A high voltage is used because this will often break
down poor insulation and cause flashover due to surface leakage (see 8.1.4), thus showing
up potential faults which would not be present at lower levels.
The insulation tester measures the applied voltage level and the leakage current through
the insulation. These values are internally calculated to give the insulation resistance using
the expression:-

As the capacitance of the system charges up, so the charging current falls to zero and a
steady insulation resistance reading indicates that the capacitance of the system is fully
charged. The system is charged to the full test voltage, and will be dangerous if left with this
charge. The KEW6016 provides an automatic path for discharging current as soon as the
test button is released to ensure that the circuit under test is safely discharged.
If the wiring system is wet and/or dirty, the surface leakage component of the leakage current
will be high, resulting in low insulation resistance reading. In the case of a very large
electrical installation, all the individual circuit insulation resistances are effectively in parallel
and the overall resistance reading will be low. The greater the number of circuits connected
in parallel the lower will be the overall insulation resistance.

8.2 Damage to Voltage-Sensitive Equipment

An increasing number of electronic-based items of equipment are being connected to
electrical installations. The solid state circuits in such equipment are likely to be damaged by
the application of the levels of voltage used to test insulation resistance. To prevent such
damage, it is important that voltage-sensitive equipment is disconnected from the installation
before the test is carried out and reconnected again immediately afterwards. The devices
which may need to be disconnected before the test include:-

● Electronic fluorescent starter switches

● Passive infra-red detectors (PIRs)

● Dimmer switches

● Touch switches

● Delay timers

● Power controllers

● Emergency lighting units

● Electronic RCDs

● Computers and printers

● Electronic point-of-sale terminals (cash registers)

23

● Any other device which includes electronic components.

8.3 Preparation for measurement

Before testing, always check the following:­1 The ‘low battery’ Indication is not displayed
2 There is no visually obvious damage to the tester or to the test leads
3 Test the continuity of the test leads by switching to continuity test and shorting out the lead

ends. A high reading will indicate that there is a faulty lead or that the fuse is blown.

4 Make sure the circuit to be tested is not live. “Live Circuit” warning is displayed if the

instrument is connected to a live circuit but test the circuit as well!

Operation of Function Switch

F1 N/A

F2 N/A

F3 N/A

250V

MΩ

F4 Voltage setting

8.4 Insulation resistance measurement

The KEW6016 has three selectable test voltages of 250V, 500V and 1000V DC.
1 Select INSULATION function with the Rotary switch.

2. Press the VOLT Switch (F4) and select desirable voltage range.

3. Insert the Test Leads to the L and PE terminal on KEW6016 respectively
as shown in Fig.19.

L terminal
Red cord of Model7188, or
Model7196 Remote Test Lead

PE terminal
Green cord of Model7188

Fig.18

Fig.19

Red

Green

24

4 Attach the test leads to the circuit or the appliance under test (see Figs 20 & 21)

1000V

MΩ

5 If the “Live Circuit” warning is displayed on the LCD and/or the buzzer sounds, do
not press the test button but disconnect the instrument from the circuit. Make the circuit
dead before proceeding.

1000V

MΩ

6 Press the test button, the display will show the insulation resistance of the circuit or the

appliance to which the instrument is connected.

7 Note that if the circuit resistance is greater than 20MΩ, the instrument will autorange to the

200MΩ range. If it is greater than 200MΩ at the 500V or 1000V range, it will autorange to
the 2000MΩ range.

8 When testing is complete release the test button before disconnecting the test leads from

the circuit or from the appliance. This will ensure that the charge built up by the circuit or the
appliance during insulation test is dissipated in the discharge circuit. In the discharging
process, “Live Circuit” warning will be displayed on the LCD and the live circuit warning
buzzer will sound.

Fig.20 Example of Insulation resistance test on 4 wire-3 phase system.

Fig.21

25

WARNING

●Never touch the circuit, test lead tips or the appliance under test during insulation

testing because high voltages exist.

CAUTION

●Never turn the Rotary switch while the test button is depressed as this may

damage the instrument.

●Always release the test button first after testing before removing the test leads

from the circuit. This is to ensure that charges stored in the circuit capacitance
have been totally discharged.

Note: If the reading measured greater than 2000MΩ (200MΩ at 250V) the over range

reading ‘>’ will be displayed.

26

9. LOOP/ PSC/PFC

9.1 Principles of measurement of fault loop impedance and PFC

If an electrical installation is protected by over-current protective devices including circuit
breakers or fuses, the earth loop impedance should be measured.
In the event of a fault the earth fault loop impedance should be low enough (and the
prospective fault current high enough) to allow automatic disconnection of the electrical
supply by the circuit protection device within a prescribed time interval. Every circuit must
be tested to ensure that the earth fault loop impedance value does not exceed that specified
or appropriate for the over-current protective device installed in the circuit. The KEW6016
takes a current from the supply and measures the difference between the unloaded and
loaded supply voltages. From this difference it is possible to calculate the loop resistance.

TT System

For a TT system the earth fault loop impedance is the sum of the following impedances;

●Impedance of the power transformer secondary winding.

●Impedance of the phase conductor resistance from the power transformer to the location of
the fault.

●The impedance of the protective conductor from the fault location to the earth system.

●Resistance of the local earth system (R).

●Resistance of the power transformer earth system (Ro).

The figure below shows (dotted line) the Fault loop impedance for TT systems.

Fig.22

27

According to the International Standard IEC 60364, for TT systems the characteristics of the
protective device and the circuit resistance shall fulfill the following requirements:

Ra x Ia ≤ 50V Where:

Ra is the sum of the resistances in  of the local earth system and the protective conductor
for the exposed conductive parts.
50 is the maximum safety touch voltage limit (it can be 25V in particular cases like
construction sites, agricultural premises, etc.).
Ia is the current causing the automatic disconnection of the protective device within the
maximum disconnecting times required by IEC 60364-41:

- 200 ms for final circuits not exceeding 32A (at 230 / 400V AC)

- 1000 ms for distribution circuits and circuits over 32A (at 230 / 400V AC)

The compliance with the above rules shall be verified by:

1) Measurement of the resistance Ra of the local earth system by Loop tester or Earth tester.

2) Verification of the characteristics and/or the effectiveness of the RCD associated
protective device.

Generally in TT systems, RCDs shall be used as protective device and in this case, Ia is the
rated residual operating current In. For instance in a TT system protected by a RCD the
max Ra values are:

Rated residual operating

current In

30 100 300 500 1000 (mA)

RA (with touch voltage of 50V) 1667 500 167 100 50

()

RA (with touch voltage of 25V) 833 250 83 50 25

()

Shown below is a practical example of verification of the protection by RCD in a TT system
according to the international Standard IEC 60364.

28

Ω

L - P E

L-PE

L-N

230

V

50.0H z

ATT

:ON

!

For this example the max permissible value is 1667 Ω (RCD =30mA and contact voltage limit
of 50 V). The instruments reads 12.74 Ω, thus the condition RA ≤ 50/Ia is respected.
However, considering that the RCD is essential for protection, it must be tested (Please refer
to RCD TESTS section).

TN System

For TN systems the earth fault loop impedance is the sum of the following impedances.

●Impedance of the power transformer secondary winding.

●Impedance of the phase conductor from the power transformer to the location of the fault.

●Impedance of the protective conductor from the fault location to the power transformer.

The figure below shows (dotted line) the Fault loop impedance for TN systems.

Fig.23

Fig.24

29

According to the International Standard IEC 60364, for TN system the characteristics of the
protective device and the circuit impedance shall fulfill the following requirement:

Zs x Ia ≤ Uo Where:

Zs is the Fault loop impedance in ohm.
Uo is the nominal voltage between phase to earth (typically 230V AC for both single phase

and three phase circuits).
Ia is the current causing the automatic disconnection of the protective device within the
maximum disconnecting times required by IEC 60364-41 that are:

- 400 ms for final circuits not exceeding 32A (at 230 / 400V AC)

- 5 s for distribution circuits and circuits over 32A (at 230 / 400V AC)

The compliance with the above rules shall be verified by:

1)Measurement of the fault loop impedance Zs by Loop tester.

2)Verification of the characteristics and/or the effectiveness of the associated protective
device. This verification shall be made:

- for circuit-breakers and fuses, by visual inspection (i.e. short time or instantaneous tripping

setting for circuit-breakers, current rating and type for fuses);

- for RCDs, by visual inspection and test using RCD testers recommending that the

disconnecting times mentioned above are met (Please see RCD TEST section).

For instance in a TN system with nominal mains voltage Uo = 230 V protected by General
purpose gG fuses or MCBs (Miniature Current Breakers) required by IEC 898 / EN 60898,
the Ia and max Zs values could be:

30

Protection by gG fuses

with Uo of 230V

Protection by MCBs with Uo of 230V

(Disconnection time 0.4 and 5s)

Disconnection

time 5s

Disconnection

time 0.4s

Characteris

tic

B

Characteris

tic

C

Characteristi

c

D

Rating

(A)

Ia

(A)

Zs

()

Ia

(A)

Zs

()

Ia

(A)

Zs

()

Ia

(A)

Zs

()

Ia

(A)

Zs

()

6 17 13.5 38 8.52 30 7.67 60 3.83 120 1.92
10 31 7.42 45 5.11 50 4.6 100 2.3 200 1.15
16 55 4.18 85 2.7 80 2.87 160 1.44 320 0.72
20 79 2.91 130 1.77 100 2.3 200 1.15 400 0.57
25 100 2.3 160 1.44 125 1.84 250 0.92 500 0.46
32 125 1.84 221 1.04 160 1.44 320 0.72 640 0.36
40 170 1.35 -- -- 200 1.15 400 0.57 800 0.29
50 221 1.04 -- -- 250 0.92 500 0.46 1000 0.23
63 280 0.82 -- -- 315 0.73 630 0.36 1260 0.18
80 403 0.57 -- --

100 548 0.42 -- --

The most complete loop testers or Multifunction testers also have the Prospective Fault
current measurement. In this case, Prospective Fault current measured with instruments
must be higher than the tabulated Ia of the protective device concerned.

Below is a practical example of verification of the protection by MCB in a TN system
according to the international Standard IEC 60364.

Ω

L-PE

230

V

50.0 Hz

L-PE
L-N

!

ATT

:ON

Fig.25

31

Max value of Zs for this example is 1.44 Ω (MCB 16A, characteristic C), the instrument reads

1.14 Ω (or 202 A on Fault current range) it means that the condition
Zs x Ia ≤ Uo is respected.
In fact the Zs of 1.14 Ω is less than 1.44 Ω (or the Fault current of 202 A is more than Ia of
160A).
In other words, in case of fault between phase and earth, the wall socket tested in this
example is protected because the MCB will trip within the disconnection time required.

9.2 Principles of the measurement of line impedance and PSC
The method for measuring Line – neutral impedance and line-line impedance is exactly the
same as for earth fault loop impedance measurement with the exception that the
measurement is carried out between line and neutral or line and line.

Prospective short circuit or fault current at any point within an electrical installation is the
current that would flow in the circuit if no circuit protection operated and a complete (very
low impedance) short circuit occurred. The value of this fault current is determined by the
supply voltage and the impedance of the path taken by the fault current. Measurement of
prospective short circuit current can be used to check that the protective devices within the
system will operate within safety limits and in accordance with the safe design of the
installation. The breaking current capacity of any installed protective device should be
always higher than the prospective short circuit current.

PSC

A

230

V

L-N

50.0Hz

L-PE

L-N

!

Fig.26

32

9.3. Operating instructions for LOOP and PSC/PFC

9.3.1 Initial Checks: to be carried out before any testing

1. Preparation

Always inspect your test instrument and lead accessories for abnormality or damage:
If abnormal conditions exist DO NOT PROCEED WITH TESTING. Have the instrument
checked by your distributor.

Operation of Function Switch

LOOP

F1 Switches measurement mode:

L-PE or L-N/L-L
F2 ATT setting (on or off)
F3 N/A

L-PE

Ω

ATT : ON

230V

50.0Hz

L-PE

L-N

!

F4 N/A

PSC/PFC

F1 Switches measurement mode:

PFC or PSC
F2 ATT setting (on or off)
F3 N/A

PFC

A

230V

50.0Hz

L-PE

ATT

:ON

L-PE

L-N

!

F4 N/A

(1)Operate the Power button and turn on the instrument. Turn the Function switch and set it

to either the LOOP or PSC/PFC position.

(2)Insert the Test Lead into the instrument. (Fig.29)

Fig.27

Fig.29

Fig.28

33

(3) Press the MODE switch(F1) and select L-N to measure Loop(L-N/L-L) or PSC or select

L-PE to measure earth loop impedance or PFC. Display changes automatically as
follows depending on the applied voltages while LOOP(L-N/L-L) or PSC is selected.

100 - 300V

>300V<100V

L-N/L-L

Ω

<100V

LOOP

A

L-N
L-L
<100V

PSC

L-N

Ω

230V

50.0Hz

LOOP

A

230V

50.0Hz

L-N

PSC

L-L

Ω

400V

50.0Hz

LOOP

A

400V

50.0Hz

L-L

PSC

<100V

100 - 300V

>300V

L-PE

L-N

!

L-PE

L-N

!

L-PE

L-N

!

L-PE

L-N

!

L-PE

L-N

L-PE

L-N

!

!

(4) Pressing the ATT switch (F2) disables ATT mode. Then “ATT OFF” is displayed on the

LCD.

●ATT(Anti Trip Technology) is to measure LOOP resistances without tripping the RCDs
rated at 30mA or more. “ATT ON” is displayed while it is activated.

2. Wiring Check

After the connection, ensure that the symbols for Wiring check on the LCD are in the status
indicated in Fig.29 before pressing the test button.

If the status of the symbols for Wiring check differ from Fig.29 or symbol is indicated
on the LCD, DO NOT PROCEED AS THERE IS INCORRECT WIRING. The cause of the
fault must be investigated and rectified.

3. Voltage Measurement

When the instrument is first connected to the system, it will display the line-earth voltage
(MODE L-PE) or line-neutral voltage (MODE L-N/L-L) which is updated every 1s. If this
voltage is not normal or as expected, DO NOT PROCEED.

Fig.30

L-N/L-L

L-N L-L

L-N L-L

L-N/L-L

34

9.3.2 Measurement of LOOP and PSC/PFC
a. Measurement at Mains Socket Outlet

Connect the mains test lead to the instrument. Insert the moulded plug of mains test lead
into the socket to be tested. (see Fig.31)
Press MODE Switch (F1) and select L-N or PSC to measure between Line – Neutral, or

L-PE or PFC to measure between Line-PE.

Carry out the initial checks

Press the test button. A beep will sound as the test is conducted and the value of loop
impedance will be displayed.

b. Measurement at the distribution board

Connect the distribution board lead Model7188 to the instrument.

Measurement of Line – Earth Loop Impedance and PFC

Press the Mode Switch (F1) and select L-PE or PFC.
Connect the green PE lead of the Model7188 to the earth, the blue N lead to the neutral of
the distribution board and the brown L lead to one ‘line’ of the distribution board. (See
Fig.32)

Measurement of Line – Neutral Loop Impedance and PSC

Press the Mode Switch (F1) and select L-N/L-L or PSC.
Connect the blue N lead of the Model7188 to the neutral of the distribution board, the
brown L lead to one line of the distribution board. (See Fig.33)

Carry out the initial checks

Press the test button. A beep will sound as the test is conducted and the value of loop
impedance will be displayed. When disconnecting from the distribution board, it is good
practice to disconnect the line first.

c. Measurement between LINE-LINE

Connect the distribution board lead Model7188 to the instrument.
Press the Mode Switch(F1) and select L-N/L-L or PSC.
Connect the blue N lead of the Model7188 to the line of the distribution board, the brown
L lead to another line of the distribution board. (See Fig.34)

Carry out the initial checks

Press the test button. A beep will sound as the test is conducted and the value of loop
impedance will be displayed.

●If the display shows '>' then this usually means the value measured exceeds the range.

●ATT mode enables a measurement without tripping the RCDs with the rated residual
current of 30mA or more.

35

●Measurement in ATT mode requires longer time than that is required for the other

measurements (approx. 7 sec). When measuring a circuit with a large electrical noise, the

'Noise' Message is displayed on the LCD and the measurement time will be extended to 20
sec. If the 'NOISE' symbol is displayed on the LCD, it is recommended to disable the
ATT mode and take a measurement (RCDs may trip).

●If an impedance of 20Ω or more is measured between L-N during measurements with ATT
enabled, “L-N>20Ω”is displayed on the LCD and no measurement can be made. In this
case, disable the ATT function and make measurement. When a large contact voltage
exists in the circuit under test,“N-PE HiV”is displayed on the LCD and no measurement
can be made. In this case, disable the ATT function and make measurement. Be aware
that if the ATT mode is disabled, RCDs may trip.

●Measured result may be influenced depending on the phase angle of the distribution
system when making measurement near a transformer and the result may lower than the
actual impedance value. Errors in measured result are as follows.

●ATT mode is automatically enabled after one measurement when making a measurement

with ATT mode disabled.

Ω

L-PE

230

V

50.0 Hz

L-PE
L-N

!

ATT

:ON

System Phase
Difference

Error

(approx.)
10° -1.5%
20° -6%
30° -13%

Fig.31 Connection for using Outlet

36

PE

Ω

L-PE

230

V

50.0H z

L-PE
L-N

!

ATT

:ON

PSC

A

230

V

L-N

50.0 Hz

L-PE

L-N

!

Fig.33 Connection for Line – Neutral measurement

Fig.34 Connection for Line – Line measurement

Fig.32 Connection for distribution

PSC

A

400V

L-L

50.0 Hz

L-PE
L-N

!

37

10. RCD TESTS

10.1 Principles of RCD Measurement

The RCD tester is connected between phase and protective conductor on the load side of
the RCD after disconnecting the load.
A precisely measured current for a carefully timed period is drawn from the phase and
returns via the earth, thus tripping the device. The instrument measures and displays the
exact time taken for the circuit to be opened.
An RCD is a switching device designed for breaking currents when the residual current
attains a specific value. It works on the basis of the current difference between phase
currents flowing to different loads and returning current flowing through the neutral
conductor (for a single-phase installation). In the case where the current difference is higher
than the RCD tripping current, the device will trip and disconnect the supply from the load.
There are two parameters for RCDs; the first due to the shape of the residual current wave
form (types AC and A) and the second due to the tripping time (types G and S).

● RCD type AC will trip when presented with residual sinusoidal alternating currents
whether applied suddenly or slowly rising. This type is the most frequently used on
electrical installations.

● RCD type A will trip when presented with residual sinusoidal alternating currents
(similar to type AC) and residual pulsating direct currents (DC) whether suddenly applied
or slowly rising. This type of RCD is not commonly used at present, however, it is
increasing in popularity and is required by the local regulations in some countries.
Making measurement with setting uses pulsating direct currents for test.

● RCD type G. In this case G stands for general type (without tripping time delay) and is for
general use and applications.

● RCD type S where S stands for selective type (with tripping time delay).This type of RCD
is specifically designed for installations where the time delay characteristic is required.

Given that when the protective device is an RCD, Ia is typically 5 times the rated residual
operating current In, then the RCD must be tested recommending the tripping time,

measured by RCD testers or Multifunction testers, shall be lower than the maximum
disconnecting times required in IEC 60364-41 (see also LOOP/PSC/PFC section) that are:

200 ms for final circuits not exceeding 32A TT system

(at 230V / 400V AC)

1000 ms for distribution circuits and circuits over 32A
400 ms for final circuits not exceeding 32A TN system

(at 230V / 400V AC)

5 s for distribution circuits and circuits over 32A

S

38

However it is also good practice to consider even more stringent trip time limits, by following
the standard values of trip times at In defined by IEC 61009 (EN 61009) and IEC 61008 (EN

61008). These trip time limits are listed in the table below for IΔn and 5IΔn:

Type of RCD IΔn 5IΔn

General(G) 300ms

max allowed value

40ms

max allowed value

500ms

max allowed value

150ms

max allowed value

Selective(S)

130ms

min allowed value

50ms

min allowed value

Examples of instrument connections

Practical example of 3-phase + neutral RCD test in a TT system.

×1

ms

30 mA

230 V

L-PE

UL5 0V



: 0

°

50. 0Hz

L-PE
L-N

!

Practical example of single phase RCD test in a TN system.

×1

ms

30 m A

230V

L-PE

UL5 0V

 : 0°

50.0 Hz

L-PE
L-N

!

Fig.36

Fig.35

39

Practical example of RCD test with distribution leads.

10.2 Principles of Uc Measurement

Ground being imperfect in the Fig35, when R exists, when a fault current flows to R, electric
potential occurs. There is a possibility the person contacting in this imperfect ground, it calls
the voltage, which it occurs in the human body of this time, called Uc.
When with the Uc Test letting flow IΔN to the RCD, the Uc is calculated.
Uc voltage is calculated based on the Rated Residual Current (IΔN) with the impedance
measured.

10.3 Operating Instructions for RCD

10.3.1 Initial Checks: to be carried out before any testing;

1. Preparation

Always inspect your test instrument and lead accessories for abnormality or damage:
If abnormal conditions exist DO NOT PROCEED WITH TESTING. Have the instrument
checked by your distributor.

Operation of Function Switch

F1 Measurement mode setting

(X1/2, X1, X5, Ramp, Auto,Uc)

F2 IΔn setting
F3 RCD Type setting ( , , , )

× 1  2

ms

30 mA

L-PE

UL50

V

 : 0°

230V

50.0Hz

L-PE

L-N

!

F4 PHASE setting (0 o,180o)

1. Operate the Power button and turn on the instrument.

Turn the rotary switch and select the RCD function.

Fig.38

S S

Fig.37

PE

×1

ms

30 mA

230V

L-PE

UL50V

 : 0°

50.0Hz

L-PE

L-N

!

40

2. Press the MODE switch(F1) and select any desirable measurement mode.

X1/2 For testing RCD’s to verify that they are not too

sensitive.
X1 For measuring the trip time.
X5 For testing at IΔn X5

RAMP( )

For measuring the tripping level in mA.
AUTO For automatic measurement in following

sequence: X1/2(0o), X1/2(180o), X1(0o),X1 (180o),

X5(0o), X5(180o)
Uc For measuring Uc

3. Press the IΔn switch (F2) to set Rated Tripping Current (IΔn) to the rated trip current of the
RCD.

4. Press (F3) to select the RCD type.

Refer to "10.1 Principles of RCD measurement" for the details of RCD type. (*6)

5. Press (F4) to select phase at which the test current should start. (*7)

(*6),(*7) except for Uc measurement

*UL value change

As a UL value, 25V or 50V is selectable. Refer to ”6. Configuration” in this manual and
select either of them.

2. Wiring Check

1. Insert the Test Lead into the instrument. (Fig.39)

L PE N

2. Connect the test leads to the circuit to be tested. (Fig.35, 36, 37)

3. After the connection, ensure that the symbols for Wiring check on the LCD are in the

status indicated in Fig.39 before pressing the test button.

If the status of the symbols for Wiring check differ from Fig.39 or
symbol is indicated on the LCD, DO NOT PROCEED AS THERE IS INCORRECT WIRING.
The cause of the fault must be investigated and rectified.

Fig.39

41

3. Voltage Measurement

When the instrument is first connected to the system, it will display the line-earth voltage
which is updated every 1s. If this voltage is not normal or as expected, DO NOT PROCEED.
NOTE: This is a single phase (230V AC) instrument and under no circumstances should it
be connected to 2- phases or a voltage exceeding 230VAC+10%.
If the input voltage is greater than 260V the display will indicate '>260V' and RCD
measurements can not be made even if the Test button is pressed.

10.3.2 RCD Measurement

a) Single Tests

1. Press the Test button

Operating time of RCD is displayed on LCD. (At Ramp test, operating current value of RCD
will be displayed. Uc values are displayed at Uc Function.)

● ×1/2...................The Breaker should not trip.

● ×1......................The Breaker should trip.

● ×5......................The Breaker should trip.

● Auto Ramp( )..The Breaker should trip. The tripping current should be displayed.

● Uc......................Uc values are displayed.

2. Press the 0°/180°switch to change the phase and repeat step (1).

3. Change the phase again and repeat step (1).

b) Auto Test

Measurements are automatically performed under the Auto Test function in the following
sequence: X1/2(0o), X1/2(180o), X1(0o),X1 (180o), X5(0o), X5(180o).

1. Press F1 to select Auto

2. Press F2 & F3 to select IΔn & RCD type

3. Press the Test button. The KEW6016 will automatically conduct the sequence as above.

When the RCD trips each time reset it.

4. Return to the tester and the results will be displayed

● Be sure to return the tested RCD to the original condition after the test.

● When the Uc voltage rises to UL value or greater, the measurement is automatically
suspended and "Uc > UL" is displayed on the LCD.

● If " IΔn" setting is greater than the rated residual current of the RCD, the RCD will trip and
"no" may be displayed on LCD.

● If a voltage exists between the protective conductor and earth, it may influence the

measurements.

● If a voltage exists between neutral and earth, it may influence the measurements,

therefore, the connection between neutral point of the distribution system and earth
should be checked before testing.

42

● If leakage currents flow in the circuit following the RCD, it may influence the

measurements.

● The potential fields of other earthing installations may influence the measurement.

● Special conditions of RCDs of a particular design, for example S- type, should be taken
into consideration.

● The earth electrode resistance of a measuring circuit with a probe shall not exceed table1.

● Equipment following the RCD, e.g. capacitors or rotating machinery, may cause a

significant lengthening of the measured trip time.

43

11. EARTH TESTS

11.1 Principles of Earth Measurement

This Earth function is to test power distribution lines, in-house wiring system, electrical
appliances etc.
This instrument makes earth resistance measurement with fall-of-potential method, which is

a method to obtain earth resistance value Rx
by applying AC constant current I between
the measurement object E (earth electrode)
and H(C) (current electrode), and finding
out the potential difference V between E
and S(P) (potential electrode).
Rx = V / I

11.2 Earth resistance Measurement

WARNING

●The instrument will produce a maximum voltage of about 50V between terminals E-H(C)
in earth resistance function. Take enough caution to avoid electric shock hazard.

CAUTION

●When measuring earth resistance, do not apply voltage between measuring terminals.

1.Select Earth function with the Rotary Switch

2.Insert the Test Leads (MODEL7228) into the instrument. (Fig.41)

3.Test Lead connection
Stick the auxiliary earth spikes S(P) and H(C) into the ground deeply. They should be
aligned at an interval of 5-10m from the earthed equipment under test. Connect the green
wire to the earthed equipment under test, the yellow wire to the auxiliary earth spike S(P)
and the red wire to the auxiliary earth spike H(C) from terminals E, S(P) and H(C) of the
instrument in order.

Fig.40

Fig.41

Red Green

Yellow

Constant Current Generator

H(C)CurrentS(P)Potential

E(Earth)

Voltmeter

44

Note :

●Make sure to stick the auxiliary earth spikes in the moist part of the soil. Give enough water
where the spikes have to be stuck into the dry, stony or sandy part of the earth so that it
may become moist.

●In case of concrete, lay the auxiliary earth spike down and water it, or put a wet dust cloth

etc. on the spike when making measurement.

H(C)

S(P)

Ω

E

4.Press the test button, the display will show the earth resistance of the circuit.

●

If measurement is made with the probes twisted or in touch with each other,

the

reading of the instrument may be affected by induction. When connecting the probes,
make sure that they are separated.

● If earth resistance of auxiliary earth spikes is too large, it may result in inaccurate
measurement. Make sure to stick the auxiliary earth spike and H(C) into the moist part
of the earth carefully, and ensure sufficient connections between the respective
connections. High auxiliary earth resistance may exist if “RS Hi” or “RH Hi” is displayed
during measurements.

● Great errors may included in the measured earth resistance when earth voltage of

10V or more exist. In this case, power off the devices which is using earth resistance
under test to reduce the earth voltages.

Fig.42

45

12. PHASE ROTATION TESTS

1. Operate the Power button and turn on the instrument. Turn the rotary switch and select
the PHASE ROTAION function.

2. Insert the Test Leads into the instrument. (Fig.43)

3. Connect each test leads to a circuit. (Fig.44)

L1

L3

L2

4. Results are displayed as follows.

● When a message “No 3-phase system” or “---” is displayed, the circuit may not be a

3-phase system or a wrong connection may have been made. Check the circuit

and the connection.

● Presence of Harmonics in measurement voltages, such as an inverter power supply,

may influence the measured results.

Fig.43

Correct phase sequence

Reversed phase sequence

Fig.44

Fig.45 Fig.46

46

13. VOLTS

1. Operate the Power button and turn on the instrument. Turn the rotary switch and select the

VOLTS function.

2. Insert the Test Leads into the instrument. (Fig.47)

3. Voltage value and frequency will be displayed on the LCD when applying AC voltage.

Note : A message “DC V” may be displayed when measuring AC voltages with frequencies
out of the range 45Hz - 65Hz.

14. TOUCH PAD

1. The touch pad measures the potential between the operator and the tester’s PE terminal.

A message “PE HiV” is displayed on the LCD with the audible buzzer if a potential
difference of 100V or more is present between the operator and the PE terminal at touching
the Touch pad.

2. Touch Pad function can be enabled and disabled (ON / OFF); refer to ”6. Configuration” in

this manual and select ON or OFF. In case that OFF is selected, a warning for “PE HiV”
does not appear and the buzzer does not sound.

* Initial value: ON
Note : A message “PE HI V” may be displayed when testing inverters or measuring voltages

containing high frequencies even if a user isn’t touching with the Touch Pad.

15. BACK LIGHT

Pressing the Back Light Button selects Backlight ON / OFF. Backlight automatically turns off
in 60 sec after it turns on. Backlight at powering on the instrument can be set either ON or
OFF. Refer to “6. Configuration” in this manual how to select ON / OFF.

Fig.47

47

16. MEMORY FUNCTION

Measured result at each function can be saved in the memory of the instrument.
(MAX : 1000)

16.1 How to save the data

Save the result according to following sequence.

(1) Measured result.

(2) Press to enter into MEMORY MODE.

(3) Press to enter into SAVE MODE.

(4) Make setting for following items.

1. CIRCUIT No

2. BOARD No

3. SITE No

4. DATA No

Press the SELECT Button to choose the parameter to change.

CIRCUIT No → BOARD No → SITE No → DATA No

Use the UP or DOWN Button and change settings.

250V

MΩ

18.52

Fig.48-1

Fig.48-2

Fig.48-3

Keep the UP/DOWN Key

pressed down to alter the
number quickly.

OK

 ÓŁ

Ó

  

01

NR DANYCH 001

 Ł   :

ó

:

01

01



 

Ń



Ń

 Ł



   

 Ę

48

(5) Press OK( ). (Confirmed)

(6) Press SAVE( ). (Confirmed)

(7)”SAVING” is displayed for about 2 sec
on the LCD, and then returns to the start
screen. Saving completes.

Normal mode

Returns to Normal mode once data save
completes. (Measurement mode)

250V

MΩ

18.52

Fig.48-4

Fig.48-5

Fig.48-6



INSULATION

18.52M

Ω



: 01

250V

 Ł : 01

ó

: 01

SAVE MODE

DATA No.001



Saving

49

16.2 Recall the saved data

Save data can be displayed on LCD according to following sequence.

(1) Press to enter into MEMORY MODE.

(2) Press to enter into RECALL MODE.

(3) Press Up( )or DOWN( )and
select Data No.

Fig.49-1

Fig.49-2

Fig.49-3

Keep the UP/DOWN Key

pressed down until a buzzer
sounds to skip the number
containing no data and display
the next data.

 Ń



Ń



Ł





  



Ę



INSULATION

18.52M

Ω



: 01

250V

Ł

: 01

ó

: 01



ÓŁ

Ó

000





 Ł

50

16.3 Delete the saved data

Save data can be deleted according to following sequence.

(1) Press to enter

into MEMORY MODE.

(2)Press

to
enter into
DELETE MODE

(3) Press Up(

)

or DOWN(

)

and select Data No.

(2)Press

to
enter into ALL
DELETE MODE

(4) Press
DELETE (

).

(Confirmed)

(3) Press ALL
DELETE (

).

(Confirmed)

ALL DELETE

DELETE

Fig.50-1

Fig.50-2

Fig.50-3

Fig.50-4

ALL DELETE

Delete All?

ESC:MEM BUTTON

BACK

Ń



Ń

 Ł



   



Ę



000

INSULATION

18.52M

Ω

250V

 : 01

Ł

: 01

ó

: 01



Ń



ÓŁ

Ó







51

ALL DELETE DELETE

(5) Press
DELETE (

).

(Confirmed)

(6) Returns to Normal
mode when selected
data deleted.
(Measurement mode)

(4) Returns to Normal
mode when selected data
is deleted.(Measurement
mode)

Fig.50-5

Fig.50-6

Fig.50-7

Fig.50-8

Fig.50-9



Ń

INSULATION

18.52MΩ

250V



: 01

 Ł : 01

 ó : 01



 ąć







52

16.4 Transfer the stored data to PC

The stored data can be transferred to PC via Optical Adapter Model8212USB (Optional
Accessory).

●How to transfer the data:
(1)Connect Model8212USB to the USB Port of a PC.(Special driver for

Model8212USB should be installed. See the instruction manual for
Model8212USB for further details.)

(2)Insert Model8212USB into the KEW6016 as shown in Fig 52. Test

Leads should be removed from the KEW6016 at this time.
(3)Power on the KEW6016. (Any function is OK.)
(4)Start special software "KEW Report" on your PC and set the

communication port.

Then click "Down load" command, and the data in the KEW6016 will be transferred to

your PC. Please refer to the instruction manual of Model8212USB and HELP of KEW

Report for further details.

Note: Use "KEW Report" with version 2.00 or more.
The latest "KEW Report" can be downloaded from KYORITSU’s web site.

http://www.kew-ltd.co.jp/en/

Fig.51

Fig.52

250V

MΩ

53

17. GENERAL

17.1 If the symbol ( )appears, this means that the test resistor is too hot and the

automatic cut out circuits have operated. Allow the instrument to cool down before
proceeding. The overheat circuits protect the test resistor against heat damage.

17.2 The test button may be turned clockwise to lock it down. In this auto mode, when using

distribution board lead Model7188, tests are conducted by simply disconnecting and
reconnecting the red phase prod of the Model7188 avoiding the need to physically
press the test button i.e. 'hands free'.

17.3 When the display shows the low battery indication, ( ), disconnect the test leads from

the instrument. Remove the battery cover and the batteries.

54

18. BATTERY REPLACEMENT

When the display shows the low battery indication, , disconnect the test leads from the
instrument. Remove the battery cover and the batteries. Replace with eight (8) new 1.5V AA
batteries, taking care to observe correct polarity. Replace the battery cover.

19. FUSE REPLACEMENT

The continuity test circuit is protected by a 600V 0.5A HRC ceramic type fuse situated in the
battery compartment, together with a spare. If the instrument fails to operate in the
continuity test mode, first disconnect the test leads from the instrument. Next remove the
battery cover, take out the fuse and test its continuity with another continuity tester. If it has
failed, replace it with a spare, before refitting the battery cover. Do not forget to obtain a new
fuse and place it in the spare position. If the instrument will not operate in the loop
impedance, PSC/PFC and RCD modes, it may be that the protective fuses fitted on the
printed circuit board have blown. If you suspect that the fuses have failed, return the
instrument to your distributor for service - do not attempt to replace the fuses yourself.

Screw

Spare Fuse

Fuse

-

+

+

-

-

+

+

-

Fig.53

55

20. SERVICING

If this tester should fail to operate correctly, return it to your distributor stating the exact
nature of the fault. Before returning the instrument ensure that:-

1.The leads have been checked for continuity and signs of damage.

2.The continuity mode fuse (situated in the battery compartment) has been checked.

3.The batteries are in good condition.

Please remember to give all the information possible concerning the nature of the
fault, as this will mean that the instrument will be serviced and returned to you more
quickly.

56

21. CASE AND STRAP ASSEMBLY

Correct assembly is shown in Fig 54, 55 and 56. By hanging the instrument round the
neck, both hands will be left free for testing.

1. Attach the Buckle to the KEW6016 as shown in Fig.54.

2. How to install the Strap belt

3. How to fasten the Strap belt

Match the hole of the Buckle

and

the protrusion at the side face of
KEW6016, and slide it upwards.

Pass the strap belt down through

the buckle from the top, and up.

Pass the strap through the

buckle, adjust the strap for
length and secure.

Fig.55

Fig.56

Fig.54

DISTRIBUTOR

Factory : Ehime