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» User Guide «
AM4150
U-Boot Bootloader
Doc. ID: 1052-5678, Rev. 1.0
July 27, 2012
If it’s embedded, it’s Kontron.
P R E L I M I N A R Y
Page 2
Preface AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
Revision History
Publication Title:
Doc. ID: 1052-5678
Rev. Brief Description of Changes Date of Issue
1.0 Initial issue based on the following U-Boot version:
U-Boot 2011.09-01425-g8c4588b (Jun 20 2012 - 10:36:29)
AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader User Guide
27-Jul-2012
Imprint
Kontron Modular Computers GmbH may be contacted via the following:
MAILING ADDRESS TELEPHONE AND E-MAIL
Kontron Europe GmbH +49 (0) 800-SALESKONTRON
Sudetenstraße 7 sales@kontron.com
D - 87600 Kaufbeuren Germany
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For further information about other Kontron products, please visit our Internet web site:
www.kontron.com.
Disclaimer
Copyright © 2012 Kontron AG. All right s reserved. All dat a is for information purposes only and
not guaranteed for legal purposes. Information has been carefully checked and is believed to
be accurate; however, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. Kontron and the Kontron
logo and all other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners and are recognized. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader Preface
Table of Contents
Revision History ........................................................................................................2
Imprint ....................................................................................................................... 2
Disclaimer .................................................................................................................2
Table of Contents ...................................................................................................... 3
Copyrights and Licensing .......................................................................................... 5
Obtaining Source Code ........................................................................................... 10
1. Introduction to U-Boot ................................................................11
2. Standard U-Boot Commands .....................................................11
3. Kontron-Specific Commands .....................................................14
3.1 flsw Command ..........................................................................................15
3.2 fru Command ............................................................................................16
3.3 fwum Command ........................................................................................18
3.4 kboardinfo Command ................................................................................ 20
3.5 kcs Command ............................................................................................ 21
3.6 md5sum Command ................................................................................... 24
3.7 sconf Command .........................................................................................26
3.8 tlbdbg Command ........................................................................................ 31
3.9 vpd Command ............................................................................................32
4. U-Boot Access and Startup ........................................................33
5. Environment ................................................................................34
P R E L I M I N A R Y
6. Working with U-Boot ...................................................................34
6.1 General Operation ...................................................................................... 34
6.2 Using the sconf Command ......................................................................... 34
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Preface AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
6.2.1 Overview of Board Configuration Options .........................................35
6.2.2 Example of sconf Command Usage ...................................................36
6.2.2.1 sconf info ...................................................................................36
6.2.2.2 sconf select ................................................................................37
6.2.2.3 sconf set ....................................................................................37
6.2.2.4 sconf save reset .........................................................................38
6.2.2.5 sconf status ................................................................................38
6.3 Using the Network ......................................................................................39
6.3.1 Interface Selection .............................................................................39
6.3.1.1 ethprime .....................................................................................40
6.3.1.2 ethact .........................................................................................40
6.3.1.3 ethrotate .....................................................................................40
6.3.2 Contacting the Server .........................................................................41
6.4 Using SD Cards ..........................................................................................41
6.5 Using SATA Devices ...................................................................................42
6.6 Using the Onboard NAND Flash .................................................................43
6.7 Using the SPI Flash for OS .........................................................................44
6.8 Booting an OS ............................................................................................44
6.8.1 Booting Linux .....................................................................................44
6.8.2 Booting VxWorks ................................................................................45
6.9 Getting Help ................................................................................................46
6.10 Update ........................................................................................................47
6.11 Recovery Mechanism .................................................................................47
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader Preface
Copyrights and Licensing
U-Boot is Free Software. It is copyrighted by Wolfgang Denk and many others who contributed
code (see the actual source code for details). You can redistribute U-Boot and/or modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation. Most of it can also be distributed, at your option, under any later version of
the GNU General Public License -- see individual files for exceptions.
NOTE! This license does *not* cover the so-called "standalone" applications that use U-Boot
services by means of the jump table provided by U-Boot exactly for this purpose - this is merely
considered normal use of U-Boot, and does *not* fall under the heading of "derived work".
The header files "include/image.h" and "include/asm-*/u-boot.h" define interfaces to U-Boot. Including these (unmodified) header files in another file is considered normal use of U-Boot, and
does *not* fall under the heading of "derived work".
Also note that the GPL below is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, but the instance
of code that it refers to (the U-Boot source code) is copyrighted by me and others who actually
wrote it.
-- Wolfgang Denk
======================================================================
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but
changing it is not allowed.
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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change
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Preface AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader Preface
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Preface AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader Preface
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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Preface AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
Obtaining Source Code
The software included in this product contains copyrighted software that is licensed under the
GPL. A copy of that license is included in this document beginning on page 5. You may obtain
the complete corresponding source code from Kontron for a period of three years af ter our last
shipment of this product. Please contact Kontron for further assist ance in obt a ining the source
code.
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
1. Introduction to U-Boot
U-Boot is an open source bootloader software developed and maintained by DENX Software
Engineering GmbH (http://www.denx.de). Kontron provides U-Boot with all its standard features as well as Kontron-specific features for usage with Kontron’s AM4150 AMC module.
This user guide provides specific information on Kontron’s implementation of U-Boot and its usage. Please refer to the DENX web site for up-to-date on-line documentation of all of U-Boot’s
standard features.
2. Standard U-Boot Commands
U-Boot is provided with a set of standard commands for which documentation is available on
the DENX web site. Some of the standard commands have sub -groups which can be displayed
when help for the main group command is requested. Where relevant, further information concerning the usage of standard commands is provided in this guide to assist users in performing
specific functions.
The following table indicates the standard U-boot commands configured for the AM4150. The
blue-shaded table cells indicate st andar d U-Boot commands te sted by Ko ntron. Only the st andard U-Boot commands relevant for the normal operation of the AM4150 U-Boot bootloader
have been tested by Kontron.
Table 1: Standard U- Boot Commands Configured for the AM4150
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
? Alias for 'help'
base Print or set address offset
bdinfo Print Board Info structure
boot Boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootd Boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootelf Boot from an ELF image in memory
bootm Boot application image from memory
bootp Boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol
bootvx Boot vxWorks from an ELF image
chpart Change active partition
cmp Memory compare
P R E L I M I N A R Y
coninfo Print console devices and information
cp Memory copy
cpu Multiprocessor CPU boot manipulation and release
crc32 Checksum calculation
dhcp Boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol
echo Echo args to console
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
Table 1: Standard U- Boot Commands Configured for the AM4150 (continued)
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
editenv Edit environment variable
env Environment handling commands
errata Report errata workarounds
exit Exit script
ext2load Load binary file from an Ext2 filesystem
ext2ls List files in a directory (default /)
false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fatinfo Print information about filesystem
fatload Load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls List files in a directory (default /)
fdt Flattened device tree utility commands
fsinfo Print information about filesystems
fsload Load binary file from a filesystem image
go Start application at address 'addr'
grepenv Search environment variables
help Print command description/usage
i2c I2C subsystem
iminfo Print header information for application image
imxtract Extract a part of a multi-image
interrupts Enable or disable interrupts
irqinfo Print information about IRQs
itest Return true/false on integer compare
P R E L I M I N A R Y
loadb Load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loads Load S-Record file over serial line
loady Load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
loop Infinite loop on address range
ls List files in a directory (default /)
md Memory display
mdio MDIO utility commands
mii MII utility commands
mm Memory modify (auto-incrementing address)
mmc MMC sub sy stem
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
Table 1: Standard U- Boot Commands Configured for the AM4150 (continued)
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
mmcinfo Display MMC info
mtdparts Define flash/nand partitions
mtest Simple RAM read/write test
mw Memory write (fill)
nand NAND subsystem
nboot Boot from NAND device
nfs Boot image via network using NFS protocol
nm Memory modify (constant address)
pci List and access PCI Configuration Space
ping Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv Print environment variables
reginfo Print register information
reset Perform RESET of the CPU
run Run commands in an environment variable
sata SATA sub-system
saveenv Save environment variables to persistent storage
saves Save S-Record file over serial line
setenv Set environment variables
setexpr Set environment variable as the result of eval expression
sf SPI flash subsystem
showvar Print local hushshell variables
sleep Delay execution for some time
source Run script from memory
test Minimal test like /bin/sh
tftpboot Boot image via network using TFTP protocol
true Do nothing, successfully
P R E L I M I N A R Y
ubi ubi commands
ubifsload Load file from an UBIFS filesystem
ubifsls List files in a directory
ubifsmount Mount UBIFS volume
ubifsumount Unmount UBIFS volume
version Print monitor, compiler and linker version
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3. Kontron-Specific Commands
Kontron’s implementation of U-Boot includes certain enhancements to provide specific functions not incorporated in the standard U-Boot. The following table provides a complete listing
of all Kontron-specific U-Boot commands implemented on the AM4150.
Table 2: Kontron-Specific Commands
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
flsw FLash SWitch
Indicates or selects the currently active SPI boot flash
fru Field Replaceable Unit
Provides read/write access to the board’s FRU repository as well as displaying FRU data
fwum FirmWare Update Manager
Provides functions for managing and updating the module’s MMC firmware
kboardinfo Kontron Board Information
Displays a summary of board and configuration information
kcs Access to the Keyboard Controller-Style Interface
Sends raw IPMI commands via the KCS interface
md5sum Message digest 5 checksum
Creates or checks the md5 message digest over a memory area
sconf Kontron Board Configuration
Provides functions for software-based configuration of external interfaces available on the
AMC Card-edge connector and on the front panel connectors J2 (GbE B)
tlbdbg Translation Look-aside Buffer DeBuG
Displays current configuration of TLB0 and TLB1
vpd Vital Product Data
Provides display and importing functions for vital product data entities
The following chapters provides command syntax reference information, a short description,
and, in some cases, usage examples. Where an ellipsis (…) appears in the command syntax,
it means that the command is continued on the next line. Observe spaces before the ellipsis.
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
3.1 flsw Command
flsw
FUNCTION: Indicates or selects the currently active SPI boot flash
SYNTAX: flsw [s|r]
where:
flsw command:
issuing the command without arguments will indicate
the currently active SPI boot flash
(also returns “true” or “false” depending on the currently active flash)
s option: standard
selects the standard SPI boot flash as the active flash
r option: recovery
selects the recovery SPI boot flash as the active flash
DESCRIPTION: This command is used to determine the currently active SPI boot flash
or to select either the standard SPI boot flash or the recovery SPI boot
flash as the currently active flash.
In addition, this command returns “true” if the standard SPI boot flash is
selected or “false” if the recovery SPI boot flash is selected. This is used
in the update scripts to prevent the recovery SPI boot flash from being
updated.
Besides this command, the currently active SPI boot flash may also be
selected either via the DIP Switch SW2, switch 2, or the “Set Control
State” IPMI OEM command. For further information, refer to the
AM4150 User Guide and to the AM4150 IPMI User Guide, respectively.
The output of this command always shows the current state.
USAGE: Query flash status
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> flsw
standard boot flash active
=>
Select the standard SPI boot flash as currently active flash
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
P R E L I M I N A R Y
=> flsw s
=>
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.2 fru C ommand
fru
FUNCTION: Provides read/write access to the board’s FRU repository as well as
displaying FRU data
SYNTAX: fru info <FRU nr>|…
read <FRU nr> <address> <size>|…
write <FRU nr> <address> <size>
where:
fru command
info option:
displays FRU data for <FRU nr> specified
<FRU nr> parameter: hexadecimal
<0, 1, … n>
identification number of FRU device for option specified
read option:
reads FRU data for <FRU nr> specified
<address> parameter: hexadecimal
<[x … ]x>
address where data is to be stored or read from
<size> parameter: hexadecimal
<[x … ]x>
length of data in bytes to be read or written
write option:
writes FRU data to <FRU nr> specified
DESCRIPTION: This command can be used to display basic information about the FRU
repository, read out the repository content to RAM, and, if required, to
P R E L I M I N A R Y
USAGE: Query FRU data for FRU 0
update the contents of the FRU repository.
WARNING!
Writing incorrect FRU data to the FRU repository can result in an
inoperable board (E-Keying information incorrect). Users requiring
modification to the board’s FRU data are requested to contact Kontron
for assistance before making any changes.
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fru info 0
FRU 0 size is 0x1000 bytes
=>
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
fru (continued)
USAGE: Read FRU data for FRU 0
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fru read 0x0 0x1000000 0x1000
Progress:###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
##########################################
=>
Write FRU data to FRU 0
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fru write 0x0 0x1000000 0x1000
Progress:###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
##########################################
=>
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.3 fwum Command
fwum
FUNCTION: Provides functions for managing and updating the module’s MMC
firmware
SYNTAX: fwum info|…
status|…
upgrade <address> <size>|…
rollback
where:
fwum command
info option:
displays information concerning “fwum” services
status option:
displays information concerning the status of “fwum”
services
upgrade option:
updates MMC firmware using parameters as specified
by <address> and <size>
<address> parameter: hexadecimal
<[x … ]x>
address in RAM where data is to be read from
<size> parameter: hexadecimal
<[x … ]x>
length of data in bytes to be read
rollback option:
executes manual rollback to previous firmware version
DESCRIPTION: This command can be used to:
P R E L I M I N A R Y
1. Info - show information about FWUM service present on IPMI
firmware
2. Status - show current status of firmware banks
3. Upgrade - download pointed firmware into MMC and initiate firmware
upgrade procedure
4. Rollback - initiate manual firmware rollback to switch back to
previously used firmware
WARNING!
Users requiring modification to the MMC’s firmware are requested to
contact Kontron for assistance before making any changes.
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
fwum (continued)
USAGE: Query firmware service currently available
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fwum info
FWUM info (Boot Block)
======================
Protocol Revision : 07h
Controller Device Id : 00h
Firmware Revision : 1.01
Number Of Memory Bank : 2
=>
Query the status of the currently available firmware images
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fwum status
FWUM status (IPMI Firmware)
===========================
Bank State 0 : Previous Good
Firmware Length : 158332 bytes
Firmware Revision : 2.30 SDR 19 (R13)
Bank State 1 : Last Known Good
Firmware Length : 160020 bytes
Firmware Revision : 2.40 SDR 20 (R14)
=>
Upgrade MMC firmware:
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fwum upgrade 0x20000000 0x22ef0
Start uploading firmware into bank 0
Loading: ###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
###########################################
######################################
Firmware update initiated
=>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
Perform manual rollback of MMC firmware
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> fwum rollback
Firmware rollback initiated
=>
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.4 kboardinfo Command
kboardinfo
FUNCTION: Displays a summary of board and configuration information
SYNTAX: kboardinfo
where:
kboardinfo command
DESCRIPTION: This command collects information from various board sources and
provides a summary listing of this information:
USAGE: Display board information
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> kboardinfo
Board id: 0xd0c0
Hardware rev.: 0xf
Logic rev.: 0x4
Boot flash: Standard Flash
In system slot: na
Geographic address: 1
Material number: na
Serial number: 0400168722
U-Boot article name: SK-FIRM-UBOOT-D0C01
U-Boot material num: 1052-4330
=>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
3.5 kcs Command
kcs
FUNCTION: Provides capability for transmitting raw IPMI commands from the pay-
load CPU to the MMC and displaying response from the MMC
SYNTAX: kcs raw [lun <lun>] <NetFn> <CMD> [Request Data
Bytes]|…
mcinfo
where:
kcs command
raw option:
send raw data over KCS interface
lun option:
if present: set up desired lun number of message to send to MMC
if absent: lun is assumed to be 0
<lun> parameter: hexadecimal
parameter range: <0, 1, 2, 3>
<NetFn> parameter: hexadecimal
<[x … ]x>
<CMD> parameter: hexadecimal
Request Data Bytes parameter: hexadecimal:
1 ... n bytes (space as delimiter between bytes)
command parameters
mcinfo option:
show result of the “Get Device ID” IPMI OEM
command in human-readable format
DESCRIPTION: This command can be used to send IPMI commands in raw form to the
MMC over the KCS interface and print response.
WARNING!
As “ipmi raw” functions provide access to the majority of MMC
functionality, care must be exercised when invoking raw commands.
Improper use may cause the board to become inoperable (e.g. damage
to FRU data).
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
kcs (continued)
USAGE: Send IPMI “Get Device ID” command (lun 0, NetFn 6, cmd 1, no data)
using the “kcs raw” option
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> kcs raw lun 0x00 0x06 0x01
KCS transaction successfully completed, rsp_size: 18
(dec)
1c 01 00 10 80 01 00 51 b9 98 3a 00 00 d0 10…
05 00 00
=>
Response bytes:
- first byte presents return NetFn combined with lun
- second presents command number
- third presents completion code
- further bytes are response data
In this example, the first byte (0x1c) is decoded as lun 0 (two least
significant bits) and NetFn 7 (six most significant bits).
Send IPMI “Get FRU Inventory Area” command to get information a bout
FRU 0 repository (lun 0, NetFn 16, cmd 10, data byte 0x00)
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> kcs raw 0x0a 0x10 0x00
KCS transaction successfully completed,… rsp_size: 6
(dec)
2c 10 00 00 10 00
=>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
kcs (continued)
USAGE: Send IPMI “Get Device ID” command using the “kcs mcinfo” option
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> kcs mcinfo
Device ID : 16
Device Revision : 0
Firmware Revision : 2.49
IPMI Version : 1.5
Manufacturer ID : 15000
Manufacturer Name : Kontron
Product ID : 53248 (0xd000)
Device Available : yes
Provides Device SDRs : yes
Additional Device Support :
Chassis Device
IPMB Event Generator
IPMB Event Receiver
FRU Inventory Device
Sensor Device
Aux Firmware Revision Info:
0x00 - SAP Revision
0x01
0x49
0x00
=>
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P R E L I M I N A R Y
Page 24
U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.6 md5sum Command
md5sum
FUNCTION: Creates or checks the md5 message digest over a memory area
SYNTAX: md5sum <data-address> <length> [<cksum-address>]
where:
md5sum command
<data-address> parameter: hexadecimal
start address of memory area
<length> parameter: hexadecimal
length of memory area
<cksum-address> parameter:
if present: compares the calculated md5 message
digest with the md5 message digest available at this
address
if absent: calculates the md5 message digest over the
specified memory range and prints it to the console
DESCRIPTION: This command is used to create or check the md5 message digest over
a memory area.
rd
If the optional 3
message digest is calculated over the specified memory range and
printed to the console.
If the optional 3
message digest is calculated over the specified memory range and
compared with the md5 message digest at <cksum-address>. If the
digest is identical, the command returns 0; if the digests do not match, a
value other than zero is returned. When a comparison is made, nothing
is printed to the console since this usage of the command is meant to be
P R E L I M I N A R Y
USAGE: Calculate an md5 message digest
used within scripts.
The md5 message digest at <cksum-address> may be specified in
ASCII or binary format.
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> md5sum 100000 80000
8fe7006660a2df2265b7cd707eb98786
=>
parameter <checksum-address> is omitted, the md5
rd
parameter <checksum-address> is specified, the md5
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
md5sum (continued)
USAGE: Check the md5 message digest of a file previously loaded to 100000
with a size of 80000 and its md5 message digest loaded to 10000 in a
script
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> setenv check_crc “if md5sum 100000 80000 10000;
then echo ‘md5 message digest OK’; else echo ‘md5
message digest BAD’; fi”
=>run check_crc
md5 message digest OK
=>
ID 1052-5678, Rev. 1.0 Page 25
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.7 sconf Comman d
sconf
FUNCTION:
SYNTAX: sconf info|…
Provides functions for software-based configuration of external interfaces
available on the AMC Card-edge connector and on the front panel
connectors J2 (GbE B)
select <num>|…
set [<par> <val>]|…
status|…
save [reset]|…
undo|…
where:
select option:
<num> parameter:
sconf command
info option:
displays available configurations
selects base configuration <num>
<0, 1, ... n>
number of base configuration
set option:
indicate or configure parameter for new base configuration
[<par>] parameter:
<…>
parameter for new base configuration
P R E L I M I N A R Y
[<val>] value:
<…>
value assigned to parameter
status option:
displays information concerning the status of board
configuration
save option:
saves the current setting
[reset] option:
resets the board after saving the settings
undo option:
ignore current settings and use saved settings again
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
sconf (continued)
DESCRIPTION: This command is used to configure external interfaces available on the
AMC Card-edge connector and on the front panel connectors J2 (GbE
B).
The “sconf info” command shows the possible configurations as well as
the configuration stored in the IPMI Module Management Controller.
The active configuration is indicated in the “sconf status” command.
To configure external interfaces, select a base configuration via the
“sconf select” command. Then, the parameters can be defined more
exactly via the “sconf set” command.
To apply the configuration, invoke the “sconf save reset” command
(“sconf save” command with “reset” option). Only with this command the
configuration will become valid and active.
To determine if a system power cycle is required, invoke the “sconf
status” command.
ID 1052-5678, Rev. 1.0 Page 27
P R E L I M I N A R Y
Page 28
U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
sconf (continued)
USAGE: Display available configurations
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf info
List of available base configurations:
**< >** Stored base configuration
--[ ]-- ‘New’base configuration (work in progress)
========+-==========================================================
Base | Port
Config | ..7 ..11
========+-==========================================================
|
**[ 0]**| GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO [@5.0] SRIO [@5.0]
|
< 1> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO @3.125 SRIO @3.125
|
< 2> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO [@5.0] GbE [2x1]
|
< 3> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE[Gen.2] PCIE [Gen.2]
|
< 4> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE[Gen.2] GbE [2x1]
|
< 5> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE[Gen.2]
|
0 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 8
PCIE, GbE, [-], -
Note: [GbE] indicates that the DTSEC4 used can be redirected to the
front panel connector J2 (GbE B) or optionally to AMC Port 10 for
configurations which provide GbE interfaces in the Fat Pipes Region,
Port 8 or Port 9.
Board’s Port Configuration:
/
Option
-----------------------------------------------------------
DTSEC4 routing : port1 # sconf set dtsec4 <port1 | front>
SRIO Sys.Size : large # sconf set srio <small | large>
SRIO mode : agent # sconf set srio <agent | host >
Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
AMC Port Activation / Forced settings (ignoring E-Keying):
Option / Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
-------------------------------------------------------------
Port 2 : auto # sconf set port 2 <auto | disable | enable>
Port 4 : auto # sconf set port 4 <auto | disable | enable>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 4 <@5.0 | @2.5>
Port 8 : auto # sconf set port 8 <auto | disable | enable>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 8 <@5.0 | @2.5>
Note: A port’s speed configuration becomes effective if the port is
enabled when running the module in unmanaged mode or the port is
forcibly enabled (i.e. not set to ‘auto’) in managed mode.
=>
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
sconf (continued)
USAGE: Select new base configuration
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf select 1
New base configuration 1
=>
Configure parameter for new base configuration
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf set
Board’s Port Configuration:
/
Option
----------------------------------------------------------DTSEC4 routing : port1 # sconf set dtsec4 <port1 | front>
SRIO Sys.Size : large # sconf set srio <small | large>
SRIO mode : agent # sconf set srio <agent | host >
Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
AMC Port Activation / Forced settings (ignoring E-Keying):
Option / Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
------------------------------------------------------------Port 2 : auto # sconf set port 2 <auto | disable | enable>
Port 4 : auto # sconf set port 4 <auto | disable | enable>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 4 <@5.0 | @2.5>
Port 8 : auto # sconf set port 8 <auto | disable | enable>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 8 <@5.0 | @2.5>
Note: A port’s speed configuration becomes effective if the port is
enabled when running the module in unmanaged mode, or the port is
forcibly enabled (i.e. not set to ‘auto’) in managed mode.
=> sconf set port4 disable
=>
Display current “sconf” status
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf status
Configuration (Activation) Status:
Module is running: managed (E-Keying)
sconf disables E-Keying: no
sconf deactivated by DIP SW: no
P R E L I M I N A R Y
Configuration (stored) is active:
AMC Base Configuration: 0
=>
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
sconf (continued)
Save current settings
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf save
Saving: #####
=>
USAGE: Save current settings and reset the board
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> sconf save reset
Saving: #######
U-Boot 2011.09-01425-g8c4588b (Jun 20 2012 - 10:36:29)
CPU0: P5020E, Version: 1.0, (0x82280010)
Core: E5500, Version: 1.0, (0x80240010
...
=>
Ignore current settings and use saved settings again
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=>sconf undo
=>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
3.8 tlbdbg Command
tlbdbg
FUNCTION: Displays current configuration of TLB0 and TLB1
SYNTAX: tlbdbg
where:
tlbdbg command
DESCRIPTION: This command provides information on the translation look-aside
buffers TLB0 ad TLB1 for debugging purposes during U-Boot
development or for debugging OS startup issues.
USAGE: Display TLB0/TLB1 information
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> tlbdbg
TLBx Configuration Register : 04110200 401bc040
TLB0: [check 512 entries]
IDX PID EPN SIZE V TS RPN U0-U3 WIMGE UUUSSS
-------------------------------------------------------------
TLB1: [check 64 entries]
IDX PID EPN SIZE V TS RPN U0-U3 WIMGE UUUSSS
------------------------------------------------------------ 1d: 00 fe000000 16MB V 0d -> f_fe000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
2d: 00 00000000 1GB V 0d -> 0_00000000 0000 ----- ---RWX
3d: 00 80000000 1GB V 0d -> e_80000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
4d: 00 40000000 1GB V 0d -> 0_40000000 0000 ----- ---RWX
5d: 00 ffc00000 64kB V 0d -> e_ffc00000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
6d: 00 ffc10000 64kB V 0d -> e_ffc10000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
7d: 00 ff000000 4kB V 0d -> f_ff000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
9d: 00 f4000000 1MB V 0d -> f_f4000000 0000 ----- ---RWX
10d: 00 f4100000 1MB V 0d -> f_f4100000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
11d: 00 f4200000 1MB V 0d -> f_f4200000 0000 ----- ---RWX
12d: 00 f4300000 1MB V 0d -> f_f4300000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
13d: 00 f0000000 4MB V 0d -> f_00000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
16d: 00 f8080000 64kB V 0d -> f_f8080000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
17d: 00 fffff000 4kB V 0d -> 0_7ffff000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
18d: 00 f8090000 64kB V 0d -> f_f8090000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
19d: 00 c0000000 256MB V 0d -> d_c0000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
20d: 00 d0000000 256MB V 0d -> d_d0000000 0000 -I-G- ---RWX
=>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
3.9 vpd Command
vpd
FUNCTION: Provides display and importing functions for vital product data entities
SYNTAX: vpd print [<name>]|…
import <name>|all_params
where:
vpd command
print option:
displays VPD information (source: System EEPROM)
(if <name> is not used, all VPD entities are displayed)
<name> parameter: text string
<[x … ]x>
name of VPD entity addressed by option
import option:
imports VPD information to the U-Boot environment
(source: System EEPROM; target: RAM)
all_params parameter: text constant
all_params
selects all VPD entities for importing to the U-Boot
environment
DESCRIPTION: Vital Product Data are information stored in the System EEPROM which
are required for proper operation of the board. With this command the
VPD entities can be displayed or imported to the U-Boot environment in
RAM.
Among the VPD entities are, for example, the board serial number and
the board’s Ethernet MAC addresses.
If the option “import” is invoked, existing VPD entities in the environment
P R E L I M I N A R Y
USAGE: Display all VPD entities
in RAM are overwritten. If a “saveenv” is then invoked, the previously
stored values in the currently active SPI boot flash environment area are
overwritten.
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> vpd print
<response: displays all VPD entities>
=>
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
vpd (continued)
USAGE: Display eth1addr entity
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> vpd print eth1addr
eth1addr=00:80:82:47:12:02
=>
Import eth1addr entity to environment
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> vpd import eth1addr
import eth1addr = 00:80:82:47:12:02 to … environment
=>
Import all VPD entities to environment
COMMAND / RESPONSE:
=> vpd import all_params
<response: displays all imported VPD entities; format
for each imported VPD entity as follows:>
import <name> = <value> to environment
.
.
.
import <name> = <value> to environment
=>
4. U-Boot Access and Startup
Communication with U-Boot is achieved via a serial console configured for 115200 baud, 8N1,
no hardware handshake.
Initially, U-Boot executes the commands defined in the environment variable “preboot”. Then,
if not otherwise interrupted, U-Boot pauses for the time defined in the environment variable
“bootdelay” and then executes the statements stored in the environment variable “bootcmd”.
To gain access to the U-Boot command prompt, type in any single character during the boot
delay time.
P R E L I M I N A R Y
If required, the boot delay function can be configured in such a way that even when the boot
delay is set to “0” to have characters, which are sent over the serial interface prior to the boot
wait time, be recognized to allow operator intervention in the boot process.
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
5. Environment
The environment is stored in the same flash as U-Boot, usually in the last sector . This provide s
the possibility to update U-Boot without changing the environment. The environment can be
modified by the user with the typical commands of the “env” command group: “setenv”,
“editenv”, “printenv” and “saveenv”.
Furthermore, if a larger number of boards require updating, the environment can be updated
by a script, loaded from the SD card, onboard NAND flash, or a network.
A typical user modification would be to set the variable “bootcmd” so that the user’s OS will boot
automatically.
6. Working with U-Boot
6.1 General Operation
Most operations are carried out using the main memory as an intermediate step. It is not possible, for example, to boot a kernel image directly from a tftp server. Instead, the kernel image
is first loaded to memory and then booted from there with another command.
The same is true when writing new contents to the SPI boot flashes.
This concept is very flexible since it sep arates the commands which handle th e loading of dat a
from the commands that carry out actions like booting.
6.2 Using the sconf Command
In previous board designs, DIP switches were used to configure the fabric interfaces. In response to evolving application requirements, the “sconf” command has been designed to provide increased configuration flexibility.
The AM4150 is delivered with a default configuration for the external interfaces routed to the
AMC ports. If required, these interfaces may be configured via the “sconf” command according
to the application requirements.
The factory default configuration for the AM4150 is as follows:
P R E L I M I N A R Y
• “sconf” base configuration: 0
• SRIO system size: small
• SRIO interface mode: agent
• GbE (DTSEC4): port 1
To obtain information about the currently active configuration, invoke the “sconf status” command.
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AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader U-Boot Usage
6.2.1 Overview of Board Configuration Options
Table 3: Overview of Board Configuration Options
AMC PORT CONFIGURATION USING THE
U-BOOT “sconf info” BASE CONFIGURATIONS
“sconf”
AMC PORT
Base
Conf.
0 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--SRIO
1 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--SRIO
2 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--SRIO
3 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--PCIE
4 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--PCIE
0 1 2 3 4 - 7 8 - 11
SRIO
[@5.0]
@3.125
[@5.0]
[Gen.2]
[Gen.2]
[@5.0]
SRIO@
3.125
GbE,
GbE,
[GbE],
--
PCIE
[Gen.2]
GbE,
GbE,
[GbE],
--
FURTHER BOARD CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
DEPENDING ON THE BASE CONFIGURATION
GbE
DTSEC4
port 1/
front
port 1/
front
port 1/
port 10/
front
port 1/
front
port 1/
port 10/
front
SRIO
Sys.
Size
small/
large
small/
large
small/
large
SRIO
Mode
host/
agent
host/
agent
host/
agent
-- -- auto/in/
-- -- auto/in/
FCLKA
PCIe
Ref.
Clock
out/local
out/local
-- @5.0/
-- -- --
-- @5.0/
Ports
4 - 7
Speed
Options
@2.5
@3.125/
@2.5
@5.0/
@2.5
@5.0/
@2.5
Speed
Options
Ports
8 - 11
@5.0/
@2.5
--
@5.0/
@2.5
--
5 GbE [GbE] SATA S ATA/--PCIE
[Gen.2]
PCIE,
GbE,
[GbE],
--
port 1/
port 10/
front
-- -- auto/in/
out/local
@5.0/
@2.5
Note ...
[GbE] indicates that DTSEC4 used can be redirected to the front panel
connector J2 (GbE B) or optionally to AMC Port 10 for configurations which
provide GbE interfaces in the Fat Pipes Region, Port 8 or Port 9.
Note ...
There are two SATA ports available on the AM4150. The first SATA port is
routed to the AMC port 2. The second SATA port is routed either to AMC port 3
or to the SATA Flash module.
The parameters of the FCLKA option have the following properties:
• auto: The Module Management Controller configures the PCI Express reference
clock (FCLKA) via E-Keying
• in: AM4150 uses the PCI Express reference clock from the AMC Card-edge connector (FCLKA)
• out: AM4150 uses the local PCI Express reference clock and generates the PCI Express reference clock to the AMC Card-edge connector (FCLKA)
--
P R E L I M I N A R Y
• local: AM4150 uses the local PCI Express reference clock and the AMC clock
(FCLKA) is disabled
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U-Boot Usage AM4150 U-Boot Bootloader
6.2.2 Example of sconf Command Usage
6.2.2.1 sconf info
To get an overview of the possible interface configurations, invoke the “sconf info” command.
=> sconf info
List of available base configurations:
**< >** Stored base configuration
--[ ]-- ‘New’base configuration (work in progress)
========+-============================================================
Base | Port
Config | ..7 ..11
========+-============================================================
|
**[ 0]**| GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO [@5.0] SRIO [@5.0]
|
< 1> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO @3.125 SRIO @3.125
|
< 2> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- SRIO [@5.0] GbE [2x1]
|
< 3> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE [Gen.2] PCIE[Gen.2]
|
< 4> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE [Gen.2] GbE [2x1]
|
< 5> | GbE [GbE] SATA -- PCIE [Gen.2]
|
0 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 8
PCIE,GbE,[-],-
Note: [GbE] indicates that the DTSEC4 used can be redirected to the
front panel connector J2 (GbE B) or optionally to AMC Port 10 for
configurations which provide GbE interfaces in the Fat Pipes Region,
Port 8 or Port 9.
Board’s Port Configuration:
/
Option
------------------------------------------------------------DTSEC4 routing : port1 # sconf set dtsec4 <port1 | front>
P R E L I M I N A R Y
SRIO Sys.Size : large # sconf set srio <small | large>
SRIO mode : agent # sconf set srio <agent | host >
AMC Port Activation / Forced settings (ignoring E-Keying):
Option / Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
------------------------------------------------------------Port 2 : auto # sconf set port 2 <auto | disable | enable>
Port 4 : auto # sconf set port 4 <auto | disable | enable>
Port 8 : auto # sconf set port 8 <auto | disable | enable>
Note: A port’s speed configuration becomes effective if the port is
enabled when running the module in unmanaged mode or the port is
forcibly enabled (i.e. not set to ‘auto’) in managed mode.
=>
Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 4 <@5.0 | @2.5>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 8 <@5.0 | @2.5>
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6.2.2.2 sconf select
To change the setting, invoke the “sconf select” command.
Example:
=> sconf select 2
New base configuration 2
=>
6.2.2.3 sconf set
The setting of the chosen base configuration can be changed via the “sconf set” command. If
the “sconf set” command is invoked without parameters, all changeable options are shown. In
the following example, first, all possible settings are shown, and then the Ethernet interface
FM1@DTSEC4 is changed from the AMC port 1 to the front Ethernet connector J2 (GbE B).
=> sconf set
Board’s Port Configuration:
Option
------------------------------------------------------------DTSEC4 routing : port1 # sconf set dtsec4 <port1 | front>
SRIO Sys.Size : large # sconf set srio <small | large>
SRIO mode : agent # sconf set srio <agent | host >
AMC Port Activation / Forced settings (ignoring E-Keying):
Option / Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
------------------------------------------------------------Port 2 : auto # sconf set port 2 < auto | disable | enable>
Port 4 : auto # sconf set port 4 < auto | disable | enable>
Port 8 : auto # sconf set port 8 < auto | disable | enable>
Note: A port’s speed configuration becomes effective if the port is
enabled when running the module in unmanaged mode or the port is
forcibly enabled (i.e. not set to ‘auto’) in managed mode.
=> sconf set dtsec4 front
=>
/
Setting | Value # command, option <and parameter>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 4 <@5.0 | @2.5>
speed : @5.0 # sconf set port 8 <@5.0 | @2.5>
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6.2.2.4 sconf save reset
Finally, the configuration must be saved with “sconf save”. The “sconf save” command stores
the settings but does not activate them. To activate the settings, use the “sconf save reset”
command.
=> sconf save reset
Saving: #######
U-Boot ...
...
=>
6.2.2.5 sconf status
To determine if a system power cycle is required, invoke the “sconf status” command. The following example shows that a system power cycle is required.
=> sconf status
Configuration (Activation) Status:
Module is running: managed (E-Keying)
sconf disables E-Keying: no
sconf deactivated by DIP-SW: no
Configuration is not active:
Save operation required: no
Power On Reset required: no
System Power Cycle required: yes
Active AMC Base Configuration: n.a.
Stored AMC Base Configuration: 2
‘New’ AMC Base Configuration: 2
=>
The following is an example of the output shown after a successfully comple ted system power
cycle.
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=> sconf status
Configuration (Activation) Status:
Module is running: managed (E-Keying)
sconf disables E-Keying: no
sconf deactivated by DIP-SW: no
Configuration (stored) is active:
Stored AMC Base Configuration: 2
=>
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6.3 Using the Network
6.3.1 Interface Selection
U-Boot provides support for multiple Ethernet interfaces for transferring files from a file server.
This is accomplished using the environment variables: “ethprime”, “ethact” and “ethrotate”.
The following table indicates the assignment of the Ethernet interfaces to the AMC ports or to
the GbE front panel connectors depending on the active “sconf” base configuration.
Table 4: Ethernet Interface Assignment Depending on the Base Configuration
BASE CONFIGURATION ETHERNET INTERFACE AMC PORT/CONNECTOR
0, 1, 3 FM1@DTSEC3 Front panel connector J3 (GbE A)
FM1@DTSEC4 Either AMC port 1 or front panel connector J2
(GbE B), depending on the setting of
“sconf set dsec4 [port1/front]”
FM1@DTSEC5 AMC port 0
2, 4 FM1@DTSEC1 AMC port 8
FM1@DTSEC2 AMC port 9
FM1@DTSEC3 Front panel connector J3 (GbE A)
FM1@DTSEC4 Either AMC port 1, AMC port 10 or front panel
connector J2 (GbE B), depending on the setting of “sconf set dsec4 [port1/port10/front]”
FM1@DTSEC5 AMC port 0
5 FM1@DTSEC2 AMC port 9
FM1@DTSEC3 Front panel connector J3 (GbE A)
FM1@DTSEC4 Either AMC port 1, AMC port 10 or front panel
connector J2 (GbE B), depending on the setting of “sconf set dsec4 [port1/port10/front]”
FM1@DTSEC5 AMC port 0
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6.3.1.1 ethprime
“ethprime” is used to select the required interface after power-up or reset. During boot-up, the
U-Boot checks if “ethprime” is set. If set, “ethprime” is used as the first active Ethernet
interface (“ethact”). Please note that the setting of the “ethprime” is lost after a reset. To retain
the environment permanently, use the command “saveenv”, which saves the complete
environment to flash.
Example:
=> setenv ethprime FM1@DTSEC3
=> saveenv
Saving environment to SPI Flash...
2 MiB
SF: Detected AT25DF161 with page size 256 Bytes, total 2 MiB
Erasing SPI flash...Writing to SPI flash...done
=> reset
...
=> printenv ethact
ethact=FM1@DTSEC3
=>
6.3.1.2 ethact
“ethact” is used to define the currently active interface and to change the required interface
without rebooting. If a reboot or a power cycle is done, the active Ethernet interface will be set
back to the interface defined in “ethprime” or selected by the “ethrotate” functionality.
Example:
=> setenv ethact FM1@DTSEC2
=> ping 172.100.100.35
Using FM1DTSEC2 device
host 172.100.100.35 is alive
=>
6.3.1.3 ethrotate
P R E L I M I N A R Y
“ethrotate” can be used to force the selection of the next available interface if, for example,
there is no link available for the selected interface.
If set to “yes” or undefined, U-Boot updates the “ethact” variable accord ingly and tries to download the file again. This is repeated until either the file is downloaded or all interfaces have been
exhausted.
In the event the link is active for the selected interface and “ethrotate” is “yes” or undefined, UBoot tries to download the file. If it cannot download the file, it tries the next availab le interface.
If the file is not available on the server, U-Boot stops trying and issues an error message.
If “ethrotate” is set to “no”, only the interface defined in “ethact” is used.
Please note that the setting of the “ethrotate” is lost after a reset. To retain the environment
permanently, use the command “saveenv”, which saves the complete environment to flash.
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6.3.2 Contacting the Server
In addition, to be able to transfer files from a tftp server to a module, the module’s IP address
(environment variable “ipaddr”) and the IP address of the server must be set (environment variable “serverip”). Alternatively, it is possible to use the “dhcp” or “bootp” commands.
They can be set using the “setenv” command. Please note that these settings are lost after a
reset. To retain the environment permanently, use the command “saveenv”, which saves the
complete environment to flash.
To transfer a file from a tftp server to memory, the “tftpboot” command is used, for example:
tftpboot 100000 filename
6.4 Using SD Cards
SD cards are supported (read only) with the “ext2” or “fat” file system.
In both cases, the card must be rescanned first.
mmc rescan 0
After that, the contents can be verified with:
ext2ls mmc 0
in case of the ext2 file system, or with
fatls mmc 0
in case of the fat file system.
To load a file into memory, the commands “ext2load” or “fatload” can be used, for example:
ext2load mmc 0 100000 kernel.bin
which loads the file “kernel.bin” from the SD card to memory address 0x100000.
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6.5 Using SATA Devices
SATA devices are supported (read only) with the “ext2” or “fat” file system.
In both cases, the SATA devices must be initialized first.
sata init
After that, the contents can be verified with:
ext2ls sata 0
in case of the ext2 file system, or with
fatls sata 0
in case of the fat file system.
To load a file into memory, the commands “ext2load” or “fatload” can be used, for example:
ext2load sata 0 1000000 kernel.bin
which loads the file “kernel.bin” from the SATA device to memory address 0x1000000.
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6.6 Using the Onboard NAND Flash
The onboard NAND Flash is supported with the “ubi” filesystem. The access is read only . Thus,
the filesystem and its contents must be prepared with Linux first.
As a prerequisite, the environment variables “mtdids” and “mtdparts” must be set correctly.
“mtdids” identifies the NAND chip to use while “mtdparts” defines the partitions.
Example:
setenv mtdids nand0=chip1
setenv mtdparts mtdparts=chip1:-(all)
This defines the first NAND chip (nand0) to be used with the name “chip1”. The chip contains
one partition “all” which occupies the whole chip.
The next command sets the partition “all” to be used with the “ubi” layer:
ubi part all
Now, an “ubi” volume can be mounted; in this example volume “boot”:
ubifsmount boot
After the volume is mounted, its contents can be listed:
ubifsls
or a file loaded, in this case “kernel.bin” to address 0x100000:
ubifsload 100000 kernel.bin
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6.7 Using the SPI Flash for OS
The SPI flash for OS is not used together with a file system, it is used raw. It does not contain
any U-Boot components and is completely free for user usage. It's primary function is to store
VxWorks® boot ROMs and images.
Before making any changes to the flashes, ensure that the correct flash is selected. To select
the SPI flash for OS, execute the “sf probe 3” command (SPI flash for OS is routed to the processor’s SPI controller chip select 3).
The SPI flash must be erased before it is programmed. To achieve this, use the “sf erase” command.
To program an image to the SPI flash, it must first be loaded to memory from an arbitrary
source. It can then be programmed with the “sf write” command.
Example: Programming a test file “test.img” from an SD card using the “ext2” file system:
mmc rescan 0
ext2load mmc 0 100000 test.img
sf probe 3
sf erase 0 10000
sf write 100000 0 ${filesize}
This example assumes that the size of “test.img” is less than 64 kB. The environment variable “filesize” is set automatically when a file is loaded to memory and can be used for convenience here.
6.8 Booting an OS
6.8.1 Booting Linux
To boot Linux, at least a kernel image and a FDT (Flattened Device Tree) must be loaded to
memory. Optionally, an “initrd” can be loaded.
Furthermore, a command line must be prepared in the environment variable “bootargs”.
The boot itself is initiated with the “bootm” command.
To simplify the setup of the board, three predefined scripts are already programmed in the de-
fault environment:
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• “nfsboot” to boot from a tftp server and mount the root over NFS
• “nandboot” to boot from the NAND flash and also mount it as root
• “sdboot” to boot from a SD Card and also mount it as root
• “multi_img_boot” to boot from the multi-image provided. The multi-image consists of a
FDT, a kernel and a rootfs
For a one-time-only bootup, this can be accomplished with the “run” command, for example:
run nfsboot
To make this permanent and have the board execute it automatically, it must be stored in the
“bootcmd” environment variable and the environment must be saved to flash.
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Example:
setenv bootcmd 'run nandboot'
saveenv
6.8.2 Booting VxWorks
To boot a Wind River VxWorks image, a boot image file of the corresponding (ROM-able)
VxWorks binary image and an FDT (Flattened Device Tree) must be loaded to memory.
By default U-Boot operates on “uImage” files (boot image for U-Boot) which contain a special
header and in the data portion the operating system binary image. Th e special heade r defines
various properties of the “uImage” file (e.g. load address and entry point for the binary image
in the data portion). Both the header and the data portion of the “uImage” file are secured and
checked against corruption by a CRC32 checksum at U-Boot load time.
All VxWorks (ROM-able) binary images will be converted to a “uImage” file at build time of the
suited Wind River Workbench projects based on the dedicated Kontron VxWorks BSP (Board
Support Package). This conversion will be carried out by the “mkImage” Kontron tool, which is
automatically invoked by Wind River Workbench.
On successful build of the VxWorks binary (ROM-able) image, an additional “uImage” file containing the VxWorks (ROM-able) binary image will be generated in the project default build folder with the following naming conventions:
U-BOOT “uImage” NAME VXWORKS IMAGE NAME
uImage.bootrom.bin bootrom.bin
uImage.vxWorks_rom.bin vxWorks_rom.bin
uImage.vxWorks_romCompress.bin vxWorks_romCompress.bin
Please note that the resulting “uImage” file contains all needed information for a proper U-Boot
load process and start of the contained VxWorks binary (ROM-able) image. Therefore, it is
strongly recommended to utilize the corresponding “uImage” file listed above when using UBoot for booting VxWorks.
The “uImage” file and FDT are typically stored in and loaded from the SPI flash for OS.
The boot itself is initiated with the “bootm” command. To perform autobooting of a VxWorks im-
age requires that appropriate U-Boot environment variables or script(s) be defined for the boot
operation to be performed. For more detailed information with examples of boot command sequences, refer to the Kontron VxWorks BSP online documentation.
For more information on how to configure and build VxWorks images and how to utilize them
e.g. for a subsequent VxWorks boot process, please refer to the appropriate Wind River documentation.
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6.9 Getting Help
U-Boot was configured with support for longhelp. This means that online help is available for
every command while working with the system. To access the online help, enter “?” or “help” at
the console prompt. This will show an overview over all available commands. To get specific
help, enter “? <command/command group” or “help <command/command group”.
For example to get help on the “saves” command enter “? saves”.
=> ? saves
saves - save S-Record file over serial line
Usage:
saves [ off ] [size] [ baud ]
- save S-Record file over serial line with offset 'off', size
'size' and
baudrate 'baud'
=>
To get help on the mmc command group enter “? mmc”.
=> ? mmc
mmc - MMC sub system
Usage:
mmc read <device num> addr blk# cnt
mmc write <device num> addr blk# cnt
mmc rescan <device num>
mmc part <device num> - lists available partition on mmc
mmc list - lists available devices
=>
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6.10 Update
The environment contains two scripts which allow an update of various components, e.g. UBoot, bootrom for VxWorks, data in EEPROMs, etc.
The script “update” checks for a U-Boot script “update” in the directory “update” in the first partition of the SD card with “ext2” or “fat” filesystem. If unsuccessful, the check continues with the
first NAND chip, volume “boot”, and again U-Boot searches in the subdirectory “update” for the
script “update”. If the script “update” is found, it is loaded to memory and executed.
So, to actually execute an update, e.g. an SD card should be prepared with a directo ry “update”
on the first partition. Kontron provides an update e.g. for U-Boot as a compressed archive (zip,
tar.bz2, tar.gz) which must be unpacked in the directory “update”.
After the SD card is inserted, U-Boot should be stopped at t he console after power-up. To manually start the update, enter the following command:
run update
In the case of a U-Boot update, only the standard SPI boot flash is updated.
The script “netupdate” tries to load a U-Boot script “update/update” from the server. If found, it
is loaded to memory and executed as in the case of the SD card.
As the script “netupdate” requires access to a server, the environment variable “serverip”
must be set correctly. Alternatively, it is possible to use the “dhcp” or “bootp” commands.
An automatic run of the update script at every startup t akes place if the update script is st arted
in the preboot environment variable:
setenv preboot 'run update'
saveenv
6.11 Recovery Mechanism
The are two SPI boot flashes available with each device holding a copy of U-Boot. In case the
contents of the standard SPI boot flash have been corrupted (e.g. as a result of a power failure
during an update), the IPMI subsystem detects the problem, switches the flashes and restarts
the CPU. The board starts from the recovery SPI boot flash. In this st ate, the standard SPI boot
flash can be programmed again with the “update” or “netupdate” scripts described in the previous Chapter “6.9 Update”.
The update scripts provided ensure that prior to the update the standard SPI boot flash is selected and the U-Boot update image is available and correct.
The contents of the recovery SPI boot flash should never be updated in order to avoid a completely inoperable system with no accessing capability.
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