Kipp&Zonen SHP1 User Manual

Instruction Manual

SHP1 • Smart Pyrheliometer

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

Important User Information

Dear customer, thank you for purchasing a Kipp & Zonen instrument. It is essential that you read this manual completely for a

full understanding of the proper and safe installation, use, maintenance and operation of your new SHP1 pyrheliometer.

We understand that no instruction manual is perfect, so should you have any comments regarding this manual we will be

pleased to receive them at:

Kipp & Zonen B.V.

Delftechpark 36, 2628 XH Delft, - or P.O. Box 507, 2600 AM Delft, The Netherlands

T: +31 (0) 15 2755 210 F: +31 (0) 15 2620 351 support@kippzonen.com www.kippzonen.com

Warranty and liability

Kipp & Zonen guarantees that the product delivered has been thoroughly tested to ensure that it meets its published speciﬁcations.

The warranty included in the conditions of delivery is valid only if the product has been installed and used according to the

instructions supplied by Kipp & Zonen.

Kipp & Zonen shall in no event be liable for incidental or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost proﬁts, loss

of income, loss of business opportunities, loss of use and other related exposures, however incurred, rising from the faulty and

incorrect use of the product.

Modiﬁcations made by the user may aect the instrument performance, void the warranty, or aect the validity of the CE

declaration or other approvals and compliances to applicable International Standards.

All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form

or by any means, without authorisation by Kipp & Zonen.

Kipp & Zonen reserves the right to make changes to this manual, brochures, speciﬁcations and other product documentation

without prior notice.

Manual document number: V1405

Publication date: 1

May 2014

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

Declaration of Conformity

We Kipp & Zonen B.V.

Delftechpark 36, 2628 XH Delft P.O. Box 507, 2600 AM Delft The Netherlands

Declare under our sole responsibility that the products:

Models SHP1 Type Smart Pyrheliometer

to which this declaration relates are in conformity with European Harmonised Standards as published in:

Ofﬁcial Journal of the EC, Issue: C288 (30-09-2011)

The compliance of the product has been based on: Emissions EN 61326-1:2006 Immunity EN 61326-1:2006

following the provisions of the directive: EMC-directive 2004/108/EC

Delft, 1

B.A.H. Dieterink

President

Kipp & Zonen B.V.

August 2012

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

Table of Contents

Important User Information

3.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Declaration of Conformity

Table of Contents

1 Introduction

1.1 Product overview

1.1.1 The SHP1 pyrheliometer

1.1.2 International Standards

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1.2 Key parts of the SHP1 pyrheliometer

2 Installation

2.1 Included with the product

2.2 Tools required

2.3 Location and support

2.3.1 Location

2.3.2 Mounting

2.3.3 Fitting the connector and cable

2.4 Electrical connections

2.5 Power connection

2.6 Data connection

2.7 Analogue output connection

2.8 Calculations

2.8.1 Calculation 0 to 1 Volt version

2.8.2 Calculation 4 to 20 mA version

2.8.3 Recommended cable types

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11 12 12

12 12

13 13

3 Accessories

3.1 Cables

4 Software installation and conﬁguration

4.1 Set up communication

4.2 Change the Modbus® address

4.3 Instrument data

4.4 Chart

4.5 Data logging

5 Operation and measurement

5.1 Data collection

5.2 Key parts of SHP1 pyrheliometer

5.2.1 Window

5.2.2 Detector

5.2.3 Housing

5.2.4 Drying cartridge

5.2.5 Cable and connector

6 Maintenance and re-calibration

6.1 Daily maintenance

6.2 Monthly maintenance

6.3 Yearly maintenance

6.4 Calibration

6.4.1 Calibration principle

6.4.2 Calibration traceability to the WRR

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20 20

21 22 23

25 25

25 26 26 26 26

27 27 27 27

7 Speciﬁcations

7.1 Optical and electrical

7.2 Dimensions

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29 29

8 Trouble shooting

8.1 Output signal not present or incorrect

8.2 Frequently Asked Questions

9 Customer Support

10. Keyword index

Appendices

A. Modbus®

A.1 Modbus® commands A.2 Input registers A.3 Holding registers A.4 Read input register A.5 Discrete inputs A.6 Coils A.7 Read write holding registers A.8 Read discrete inputs A.9 Read write discrete coils A.10 Requesting serial number A.11 Simple demonstration program

B. Pyrheliometer physical properties

B.1 Spectral range B.2 Sensitivity B.3 Response time B.4 Non-linearity B.5 Tempearture dependence B.6 Operating temperature B.7 Field of view B.8 Maximum irradiance B.9 Non-stability B.10 Spectral selectivity B.11 Environmental B.12 Uncertainty

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C. Pyrheliometer classiﬁcation to ISO 9060:1990

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31 31

37 39 39 42 42 43 43

45 45

47 47 47 47 47 47

48 48 48 48 48 49

Using this table Click on any item in the table of contents to be taken directly to the relevant page.

Click on the Kipp & Zonen logo at the bottom of any page to be taken back to the table of contents.

1. Introduction

Throughout this manual the following symbols are used to indicate to the user important information.

General warning about conditions, other than those caused by high voltage electricity, which may result in physical

injury and/or damage to the equipment or cause the equipment to not operate correctly.

Note Useful information for the user

1.1 Product overview

According to International Standard ISO 9060:1990 and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) a pyrheliometer is the

designated type of instrument for the measurement of direct solar radiation. The SHP1 pyrheliometer is compliant with the

“First Class” class speciﬁed by the international standards.

This manual, together with the instruction sheet, provides information related to the installation, maintenance, calibration,

product speciﬁcations and applications of the SHP1 pyrheliometer.

If any questions should remain, please contact your local Kipp & Zonen representative or e-mail the Kipp & Zonen customer and product support department at: support@kippzonen.com

Please go to www.kippzonen.com for information about other Kipp & Zonen products, or to check for any updates to this manual

or software.

1.1.1 The SHP1 pyrheliometer

SHP1 pyrheliometer is a high quality radiometer designed for measuring direct short-wave irradiance (radiant ﬂux, W/m²) which

results from the radiant ﬂux from a solid angle of 5 degrees.

SHP1 pyrheliometer features internal digital signal processing and interfaces optimised for industrial data acquisition and control

systems. Kipp & Zonen has developed a smart interface that features RS-485 Modbus® data communication for connection to

programmable logic controllers (PLC’s), inverters, digital control equipment and the latest generation of data loggers. Ampliﬁed

Voltage or Current outputs are also included for devices that have high-level analogue inputs or current loop interfaces.

The SHP1 is available in two versions. The SHP1-V has an analogue voltage output of 0 to 1 V, the SHP1-A has an analogue current

output of 4 to 20 mA. Both have a 2-wire RS-485 interface with Modbus® (RTU) protocol. Both versions have minimised power

consumption and are protected against short circuit and reversed polarity. The digital signal processing provides faster response

times and, with an integrated temperature sensor, individual corrections for the temperature dependence of the detector are made.

To achieve the required spectral characteristics SHP1 uses a quartz window and thermopile detector. The waterproof connectors

have gold-plated contacts.

The pyrheliometer is normally delivered with a waterproof plug pre-wired to a high quality signal cable, typically this is 10 m

long but other lengths are available. The instruments can also be ordered with a plug only, for the user to ﬁt their own cable.

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

1.1.2 International Standard

For the SHP1 Second Class pyrheliometer ISO standard ISO 9060 applies.

Fully compliant with all ISO 9060:1990 speciﬁcation criteria for an ISO Second Class pyrheliometer, the SHP1 features a

thermocouple sensing element. An integrated temperature sensor with active and individual measured temperature compensation

is included for improved temperature dependence of sensitivity.

1.2 Key parts of the SHP1 pyrheliometer

drying cartridge quartz window

connector

smart interface

detector aperture rings rain shield

alignment aids

housing

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

2. Installation

Please follow the instructions in this section carefully for the mechanical and electrical installation of the SHP1 pyrheliometer.

Do not turn on power to the instrument until instructed to do so.

Note Do not connect the instrument to a computer until instructed to do so.

Note Do not turn on power to the operating computer until instructed to do so.

2.1 Included with the product

Check the contents of the shipment for completeness (see below) and note whether any damage has occurred during transport. If

there is damage, a claim should be ﬁled with the carrier immediately. In the case of damage and/or the contents are incomplete,

contact your local Kipp & Zonen representative or e-mail the Kipp & Zonen customer and product support department at: support@kippzonen.com

Although a SHP1 pyheliometer is weather-proof and suitable for use in harsh environmental conditions, it has some delicate

mechanical parts. Please keep the original packaging for safe transport of the radiometer to the measurement site, or for use

when returning the radiometer for calibration.

The following items are included with a SHP1 pyrheliometer:

Smart pyrheliometer and rain shield

Cable, pre-wired with 8-pins connector or connector only for customer cable

Calibration certiﬁcate

Instruction sheet

2 Dessicant bags

CD with product documentation and software

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

2.2 Tools required

The tool required to mount a SHP1 on a SOLYS 2 or 2AP sun tracker is a 3 mm Allen key. Normally, the drying cartridge for the

SHP1 should be hand-tight, but a 16 mm or 5/8” open-ended wrench / spanner can be used to loosen it.

Check the condition of the desiccant in the SHP1 and replace before installation, if necessary; for example after a long storage

period.

The SHP1 instruction sheet plus the sun tracker manual contain all information to do the installation. When using the digital

output it might be convenient to set the Modbus® address prior to visiting the site, otherwise a computer and RS-485 / USB

converter may be required during installation.

2.3 Location and support

The following steps must be carefully taken for optimal performance of the instrument.

2.3.1 Location

Ideally, the site for the pyrheliometer plus sun tracker should be free from any obstructions to the hemispherical view from the

plane of the detector. If this is not possible, the site should be chosen in such a way that any obstruction over the azimuth range

between earliest sunrise and latest sunset should have an elevation not exceeding 5 ° (the apparent sun diameter is 0.5 °).

Further details for installation of the sun tracker can be found in the manual of the used tracker.

It is evident that the radiometer should be located in such a way that a shadow will not be cast upon it at any time (for example

by masts or ventilation ducts). Note that hot exhaust gas (> 100°C) will produce some radiation in the spectral range of the

radiometer and cause an oset in the measurements. This is important for an accurate measurement of the direct solar radiation.

The radiometer should be readily accessible for cleaning the front window and inspecting the desiccant.

2.3.2 Mounting

The mounting of the SHP1 pyrheliometer is related to the used sun tracker. Therefore we refer to the sun tracker manual for

further instructions on how to mount the SHP1 on the side mounting plate of the sun tracker.

2.3.3 Fitting the connector and cable

Locate the plug correctly in the radiometer socket, it only ﬁts one way, and push it in. Screw the plug locking ring hand-tight.

Over-tightening may damage the waterproof seal. Secure the cable so that it cannot blow in the wind or cause a shadow on the

instrument.

Note The cable should be arranged with a curve below the instrument so that water drips o, rather than running along the

cable up to the connector.

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

2.4 Electrical connections

As standard SHP1 pyrheliometers are supplied with a waterproof connector pre-wired to 10 m of high quality yellow cable with 8

wires and a shield covered with a black sleeve. Longer cables are available as options. The colour code of the wires and the

connector pin numbers are shown below and on the instruction sheet.

Special attention is needed to prevent power or ground loops when connecting the SHP1 to multiple readout devices.

Connecting the RS-485 to a grounded circuit and the analogue output to a ﬂoating circuit can cause unacceptable

ground loops. This may cause dierential voltages outside the SHP1 speciﬁcations and will damage the unit. We

recommend using either the analogue or the digital output but not both. The maximum dierential between either

of the Modbus® RS-485 lines (yellow and grey) and the power ground / RS-485 common line (black) is 70 VDC.

Radiometer connection

up to

serial number 144999

0.6

0.4

0.8

0.2

0.0

1.0

V / mA

SHP1-V or SHP1-A SHP1-V or SHP1-A

Modbus® RS-485

wire from power supply ground

to Modbus® ground needed

5 to 30 VDC

power supply

Radiometer connection

starting from

serial numbers 145000

0.6

0.4

0.8

0.2

0.0

1.0

V / mA

Modbus® RS-485

5 to 30 VDC

power supply

RADIOMETER CONNECTION

Wire Function Connect with

Green

Brown

Yellow

Grey

White

Black

Red

Blue

* Connect to ground if radiometer not grounded

The blue wire is not connect with radiometers with serial number up to 144999

Analogue out V+/4-20 mA(+)

Analogue ground V

Modbus® RS-485

Power 5 to 30 VDC

Power ground / RS-485 Common

Modbus® common / Ground

HousingShield

/4-20 mA(-)

(12 V recommended)

Not connectedNone

Ground *

First connect all wires before plugging into the radiometer

The shield of the cable is connected to the aluminium radiometer housing through the connector body. The shield

at the cable end may be connected to ground at the readout equipment. Lightning can induce high voltages in the

shield but these will be led o at the pyrheliometer and data logger.

Note Long cables may be used, but the cable resistance must be smaller than 0.1% of the impedance of the readout

equipment for the analogue outputs and may aect the baud rate of the RS-485 digital connection.

2.5 Power connection

The minimum power supply voltage for a SHP1 pyrheliometer is 5 VDC. However, for optimal performance it is advised to use

12 VDC, especially when long cables are used. 5-volt power can only be used in combination with a short cable, maximum 10 m.

It is advised to protect the output of the power supply with a fast blowing fuse of maximum 250 mA rating.

Typical power consumption SHP1-V

5 VDC max. 50 mW (approx. 10.0 mA)

12 VDC max. 55 mW (approx. 4.5 mA)

24 VDC max. 60 mW (approx. 2.5 mA)

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

Maximum power consumption and input current.

65 mW and 2 mA at the highest input voltage.

63 mW and 12.5 mA at the lowest input voltage.

The maximum inrush current is 200 mA.

Typical power consumption SHP1-A

5 VDC 77 mW (approx. 28 mA with 100 Ω load resistor)

12 VDC 83 mW (approx. 24 mA with 100 Ω load resistor)

24 VDC 100 mW (approx. 6 mA with 100 Ω load resistor)

The above mW values represent the dissipation within the SHP1-A. For the total power the energy in the load resistor has to

be added.

For supply voltages below 12 Volts or above 20 Volts it is advised to use a load resistor of less than 500 Ω to keep the power

consumption as low as possible.

2.6 Data connection

Connection to a Personal Computer by Universal Serial Bus (USB)

The connection depends on the use of a RS-485 to USB converter.

The converter must have galvanic isolation between the inputs and outputs to prevent possible damage to the SHP1

digital interface. This is particularly an issue with portable computers (laptops, etc.) in which the power supplies

can generate large voltage spikes.

A suitable converter is the model USOPTL4 from B & B Electronics. One end has the USB connector to the PC the other end has

a connector with screw terminals for the instrument wires. This RS-485 converter is powered from the USB interface, so no

additional power adaptor is necessary.

Not connected

Not connected Situation up to serial number 144999

SHP1 connections to USB

Shield - ground connection

Analogue out +

Analogue out

Modbus® RS-485

Power 5 to 30 VDC

Power ground / RS-485 common

RS-485 / USB converter

Common

+ V

USB to PC

*Note Switches on the converter should be set for RS-485, 2-wire operation and Echo o.

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

SHP1 connections to USB

Shield - ground connection

Not connected

Analogue out +

Analogue out

Modbus® RS-485

Modbus® common / Ground

Power 5 to 30 VDC

Power ground / RS-485 common

Situation from serial number 145000

RS-485 / USB converter

+ V

Common

*Note Switches on the converter should be set for RS-485, 2-wire operation and Echo o.

Connection to a RS-485 Network

The digital interface can be connected to a 2-wire RS-485 network as shown below.

Master

USB to PC

5 V

Pull up

LT LT

Balanced pair

Common

Pull down

Slave 1 Slave n

The interface needs also an external power to provide the voltage for the electronics. If the interface is the last device on the

network then a terminator consisting of a 120Ω or 150 Ω resistor has to be connected between terminal A/A'/- and B/B'/+. Never

place the line termination on the derivation cable. It is required to install the pull up and pull down resistors as shown in the

previous ﬁgure. The value of these resistors has to be within 650Ω and 850 Ω.

2.7 Analogue output connection

The SHP1-V (Volt version) has been factory set to an output of -200 to 2000 W/m². This applies only to the analogue output and

means that an output of 0 Volt corresponds to -200 W/m² (this will never be reached) and 1 Volt corresponds to 2000 W/m².

The digital output range can be modiﬁed with Modbus® commands. For the SHP1 the output range can be set to -200 to 4000 W/m²

for 0 to 1 Volt.

Instruction Manual - SHP1 - Smart Pyrheliometer

+ 35 hidden pages

Kipp&Zonen SHP1 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual