Keysight N9912A, N9913A, N9914A, N9915A, N9116A Security Features And Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies
FieldFox Handheld Analyzer

N9912A, N9913A, N9914A, N9915A, N9116A,

N9917A, N9918A, N9923A, N9923AN, N9925A,

N9926A, N9927A, N9928A, N9935A, N9936A,

N9937A, N9938A

Security
Features and
Volatility
Documentation

Notices

© Keysight Technologies, Inc.
2008-2015

No part of this manual may be
reproduced in any form or by any
means (including electronic storage
and retrieval or translation into a
foreign language) without prior
agreement and written consent from
Keysight Technologies, Inc. as
governed by United States and
international copyright laws.

Trademark Acknowledgments

Manual Part Number

N9912-90008

Edition

Edition 1, May 29, 2015

Supersedes: April 24, 2014

Printed in USA/Malaysia

Published by:
Keysight Technologies

1400 Fountaingrove Parkway
Santa Rosa, CA 95403

Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS
DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,”
AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING
CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN
FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO
THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED
BY APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES,
EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH
REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND
ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED
HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
KEYSIGHT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN
CONNECTION WITH THE
FURNISHING, USE, OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS
DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION
CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD
KEYSIGHT AND THE USER HAVE A
SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT
WITH WARRANTY TERMS

COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS
DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH
THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY
TERMS IN THE SEPARATE
AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software
described in this document are
furnished under a license and may be
used or copied only in accordance
with the terms of such license.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is “commercial
computer software,” as defined
by Federal Acquisition Regulation
(“FAR”) 2.101. Pursuant to FAR

12.212 and 27.405-3 and
Department of Defense FAR
Supplement (“DFARS”) 227.7202,
the U.S. government acquires
commercial computer software
under the same terms by which
the software is customarily
provided to the public.
Accordingly, Keysight provides
the Software to U.S. government
customers under its standard
commercial license, which is
embodied in its End User License
Agreement (EULA), a copy of
which can be found at

http://www.keysight.com/find/sweula

The license set forth in the EULA
represents the exclusive authority
by which the U.S. government
may use, modify, distribute, or
disclose the Software. The EULA
and the license set forth therein,
does not require or permit,
among other things, that
Keysight: (1) Furnish technical
information related to
commercial computer software
or commercial computer
software documentation that is
not customarily provided to the
public; or (2) Relinquish to, or
otherwise provide, the
government rights in excess of
these rights customarily provided
to the public to use, modify,
reproduce, release, perform,
display, or disclose commercial
computer software or
commercial computer software

documentation. No additional
government requirements
beyond those set forth in the
EULA shall apply, except to the
extent that those terms, rights, or
licenses are explicitly required
from all providers of commercial
computer software pursuant to
the FAR and the DFARS and are
set forth specifically in writing
elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight
shall be under no obligation to
update, revise or otherwise
modify the Software. With
respect to any technical data as
defined by FAR 2.101, pursuant
to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2 and
DFARS 227.7102, the U.S.
government acquires no greater
than Limited Rights as defined in
FAR 27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5
(c), as applicable in any technical
data.

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to an operating
procedure, practice, or the like that,
if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in damage to the
product or loss of important data. Do
not proceed beyond a CAUTION
notice until the indicated conditions
are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard.
It calls attention to an operating
procedure, practice, or the like that,
if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in personal injury or
death. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

Table of Contents

1. Contact Keysight Sales and Service Offices

2. Product Declassification and Security

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3. Terms and Definitions

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4. System Components

5. Instrument Memory and Volatility Information

6. Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

7. User and Remote Interface Security Measures

Screen and Annotation Blanking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

USB/SD Card Removable Mass Storage Device Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Remote Access Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Contents

8. Procedure for Declassifying a Faulty Instrument

3

Contents

4

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

1 Contact Keysight Sales and Service Offices

Assistance with test and measurements needs and information on finding a
local Keysight office is available on the internet at,

http://www.keysight.com/find/assist. If you do not have access to the

internet, please contact your field engineer.

In any correspondence or telephone conversation, refer to the product by its
model number and full serial number. With this information, the Keysight
representative can determine whether your unit is still within its warranty
period.

5

Contact Keysight Sales and Service Offices

6 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

2 Product Declassification and Security

Model Number: N9912A, N9913A, N9914A, N9915A, N9116A, N9917A,
N9918A, N9923A, N9923AN, N9925A, N9926A, N9927A, N9928A, N9935A,
N9936A, N9937A, N9938A.

Product Name: FieldFox Handheld Analyzer

Introduction

This document describes instrument security features and the steps to
declassify an instrument through memory sanitization or removal. For
additional information please go to http://www.keysight.com/find/ad and
click on the security instrument tab.

— Service Guide N9912A – (N9912-90003)

(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9912-90003.pdf)

— Service Guide N9923A, N9923AN – (N9923-90018)

(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9923-90018.pdf)

— Service Guide N9913A, N9914A, N9915A, N9916A, N9917A, N9918A,

N9925A, N9926A, N9927A, N9928A, N9935A, N9936A, N9937A, N9938A –
(N9927-90003)
(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9927-90003.pdf)

— User’s Guide N9912A – (N9912-90001)

(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9912-90001.pdf)

— User’s Guide N9923A – (N9923-90001)

(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9923-90001.pdf)

— User’s Guide N9913A, N9914A, N9915A, N9916A, N9917A, N9918A,

N9925A, N9926A, N9927A, N9928A, N9935A, N9936A, N9937A, N9938A –
(N9927-90001)
(http://cp.literature.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N9927-90001.pdf)

7

Product Declassification and Security
Introduction

8 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

3 Terms and Definitions

Definitions

Clearing - Clearing is the process of eradicating the data on media before
reusing the media so that the data can no longer be retrieved using the
standard interfaces on the instrument. Clearing is typically used when the
instrument is to remain in an environment with an acceptable level of
protection.

Sanitization - Sanitization is the process of removing or eradicating stored
data so that the data cannot be recovered using any known technology.
Instrument sanitization is typically required when an instrument is moved from
a secure to a non-secure environment such as when it is returned to the factory
for calibration. (The instrument is declassified) Keysight memory sanitization
procedures are designed for customers who need to meet the requirements
specified by the US Defense Security Service (DSS). These requirements are
outlined in the "Clearing and Sanitization Matrix" issued by the Cognizant
Security Agency (CSA) and referenced in National Industrial Security Program
Operating Manual (NISPOM) DoD 5220.22M ISL 01L-1 section 8-301.

Security erase - Security erase is a term that is used to refer to either the
clearing or sanitization features of Keysight instruments.

Instrument declassification - A term that refers to procedures that must be
undertaken before an instrument can be removed from a secure environment
such as is the case when the instrument is returned for calibration.
Declassification procedures will include memory sanitization and or memory
removal. Keysight declassification procedures are designed to meet the
requirements specified by the DSS NISPOM security document (DoD 5220.22M
chapter 8).

9

Terms and Definitions
Definitions

10 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

4 System Components

Product/System includes the following components:

Model number Name Description Reference/Remarks

N9912A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9913A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9914A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9915A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9916A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9917A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9918A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9923A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9925A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9926A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9927A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

Handheld Cable and Antenna Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Spectrum
Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer and Cable Tester Volatile and Non volatile

Vector Network Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

Vector Network Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

Vector Network Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Volatile and Non volatile
memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

11

System Components

Model number Name Description Reference/Remarks

N9928A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9935A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9936A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9937A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

N9938A FieldFox Handheld

Analyzer

Vector Network Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Spectrum Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Spectrum Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Spectrum Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

Spectrum Analyzer Volatile and Non volatile

memory on SOM board,
system board and RF board

12 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

5 Instrument Memory and Volatility Information

Table 5-1 Summary of instrument memory - base instrument

Memory
Type and
Size

Flash
memory
(main
memory),
64 MB

Flash
memory
(microSD),
4 GB

Purpose/Contents Data Input

Is Memory user

accessible as a mass

storage device?

Writable During

Normal Operation?

Data Retained When

Powered Off?

Yes Yes Yes Fac tory default s etting

and,

User saved data

Yes Yes Yes Vector Network

Analyzer and
Spectrum Analyzer

Method

Volatile and
Non volatile
memory on
SOM board,
system board
and RF board

Volatile and
Non volatile
memory on
SOM board,
system board
and RF board

Location in
Instrument and
Remarks

SOM board. Divided
into three partitions:
Keysight (42 Mb),
FactoryData (2 Mb)
and UserData (20 Mb).

Only the UserData
partition is accessible
by the user.
System board

4GB microSD is only
used in FieldFox
model N9913A,
N9914A, N9915A,
N9916A, N9917A,
N9918A, N9925A,
N9926A, N9927A,
N9928A, N9935A,
N9936A, N9937A,
N9938A

Sanitization
Procedure

Keysight and
Factory Data are
not user
accessible.

User Data: Memory
erase procedure

User Data:
Memory erase
procedure

13

UserData on internal
flash (64 MB flash
memory) is not
available when
microSD flash memory
is used

Instrument Memory and Volatility Information

Table 5-1 Summary of instrument memory - base instrument

Memory
Type and
Size

RAM,
volatile
memory,
128 MB

Flash
memory, 32
Kb and
volatile
memory 1
Kb
Flash
memory,
128 bytes

Flash
memory, 16
Kb, and
volatile
memory, 2
Kb
Flash
memory,
1Kb

Purpose/Contents Data Input

Is Memory user

accessible as a mass

storage device?

Writable During

Normal Operation?

Data Retained When

Powered Off?

Yes Yes No Vector Network

Analyzer and
Spectrum Analyzer

No No Yes System monitor

micro-controller.

No No Yes PCA identification and

revision information.

No No Yes Front panel interface

board
micro-controller.

No No Yes Vector Network

Analyzer and
Spectrum Analyzer

Method

Firmware
operating
memory

Factory
default setting

Factory
default setting

Factory
default setting

Factory
default setting

Location in
Instrument and
Remarks

SOM board External power and

System board Not writable by the

System board and RF
board

Each PCA has an ID
EPROM that stores
PCA identification and
revision information

Front panel interface
board.

Main battery Not writable by the

Sanitization
Procedure

main battery both
removed

user

Not writable by the
user

Not writable by the
user

user

14 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

6 Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal

Procedures

This section explains how to clear, sanitize, and remove memory from you
instrument for all memory that can be written to during normal operation and
for which the clearing and sanitization procedure is more than trivial such as
rebooting your instrument.

Table 6-1 64 MB Flash Memory

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

It is divided into three partitions: Keysight (42 Mb), FactoryData (2 Mb) and
UserData (20 Mb). Only the UserData partition is accessible by the user.

64 MB

Memory Erase function

The following process completely clears all user accessible memory on the
FieldFox instrument. This process requires firmware revision A.03.02 or later.

— Press the following keys:

1. System(7)

2. Service Diagnostics

3. Advanced

4. Erase User Data

5. Confirm Erase

6. Wait for the instrument to reboot and begin normal
operation.

The process will completely erase the UserData flash
memory partition and reboot the instrument. When the
reboot is completed, the instrument will be ready for
normal operation.

— Remove the main battery and external power from the FieldFox

instrument for at least two minutes. This will erase the volatile
RAM on the SOM board.

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

See Remarks

15

Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

Table 6-1 64 MB Flash Memory

Description and
purpose

Remarks

It is divided into three partitions: Keysight (42 Mb), FactoryData (2 Mb) and
UserData (20 Mb). Only the UserData partition is accessible by the user.

Notes on the process for erasing the UserData flash memory partition

There are two basic types of files in the UserData partition. One type is
"system" files that are required for normal operation of the firmware. When
the firmware finds one or more of these "system" files missing at boot up,
default versions of these "system" files are written into the partition. Some of
these "system" files may be modified by the user. The second type of files
result from actions by the user (saving traces, saving screen captures, saving
state files, etc.).

When the UserData partition is cleared, all files are removed from the
partition. When the instrument re-boots, the firmware writes default versions
of "system" files that are missing. Thus, clearing the UserData partition does
not permanently interfere with normal operation of the instrument.

There is no "full chip erase" function available on the memory chips used for
the flash memory on the SOM board.

The lowest level erase available on the flash memory is the sector erase. A
sector erase sets all bytes within a given sector to FF (all one's).

The Erase User Data function does the following:

— Performs a sector erase on all sectors in the UserData partition.

— Writes zeros into all bytes in the UserData partition.

— Performs a sector erase on all sectors in the UserData partition.

— The instrument is re-booted

16 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

Table 6-2 4 GB Internal microSD Card

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

Stores Operating System, Application Firmware and some User Data. Only the
User Data is accessible by the user

4 GB

The following process completely clears all user accessible data on the
FieldFox instrument. This process requires firmware revision A.03.02 or later.

Press the following keys:

1. System(7)

2. Service Diagnostics

3. Advanced

4. Erase User Data

5. Confirm Erase

Wait for the instrument to reboot and begin normal operation.

The process will completely erase the UserData on the 4GB Internal microSD
Card and reboot the instrument. When the reboot is completed, the
instrument will be ready for normal operation.
The following process completely clears all user accessible memory on the
FieldFox instrument. This process requires firmware revision A.03.02 or later.

Press the following keys:

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

Remarks

1. System(7)

2. Service Diagnostics

3. Advanced

4. Erase User Data

5. Confirm Erase

Wait for the instrument to reboot and begin normal operation.

The process will completely erase the Data on the 4GB Internal microSD Card
and reboot the instrument. When the reboot is completed, the instrument will
be ready for normal operation.

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

4GB microSD is only used in FieldFox model N9913A, N9914A, N9915A,
N9916A, N9917A, N9918A, N9925A, N9926A, N9927A, N9928A, N9935A,
N9936A, N9937A, N9938A

UserData on internal flash (64 MB flash memory) is not available when
microSD flash memory is used.

Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation 17

Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

Table 6-3 128 MB RAM

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

Remarks

Firmware operating memory

128 GB

External power and main battery removed

External power and main battery removed

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

Table 6-4 System Board Micro-Controller, 32 Kb Flash Memory, 1

Kb Volatile Memory

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

Remarks

For System Board System Monitor Micor-Controller

32 Kb Flash Memory, 1 Kb Volatile Memory

Not writable by the user

N/A

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

Table 6-5 EPROM 128 Bytes

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

18 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

PCA identification and revision information

128 bytes

Not writable by the user

N/A

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

Table 6-5 EPROM 128 Bytes

Description and
purpose

Remarks

PCA identification and revision information

Table 6-6 Front Panel Interface Board Micro-Controller, 16 Kb Flash

Memory, 2 Kb Volatile Memory

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

Remarks

Front panel interface board micro-controller

16 Kb Flash Memory, 2 Kb Volatile Memory

Not writable by the user

N/A

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

Table 6-7 Flash Memory on Main Battery, 1 Kb

Description and
purpose

Size

Memory clearing

Memory
sanitization

M e m o r y r e m o v a l

Write protecting

Memory
validation

Remarks

Smart battery, to maintain information about battery usage and current
condition

1 Kb

Not writable by the user

N/A

This memory can not be removed without damaging the instrument

N/A

N/A

Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation 19

Memory Clearing, Sanitization and/or Removal Procedures

20 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

7 User and Remote Interface Security Measures

Screen and Annotation Blanking

For security reasons, frequency information can be prevented from appearing
on the FieldFox by following below procedure. The same information is
available in the User’s Guide.

How to set Security Level

1. Press System 7

2. Then System Configuration

3. Then Security Level

4. Then choose from the following:

— None All frequency settings are visible.

— High Frequency information is blanked from the following:

— Display annotation

— Softkeys

— Marker display and marker table

— Calibration properties

— All settings tables

— Limit line tables

— All saved .png files

Any of the following will re-display frequency information:

— Set to None, Preset, Mode Preset, or FieldFox restart.

USB/SD Card Removable Mass Storage Device Security

There is no capability to control removable USB/SD card mass storage
permissions from the FieldFox user interface at this time. The customer is
responsible for managing removable storage media in secure locations.

21

User and Remote Interface Security Measures
Screen and Annotation Blanking

Remote Access Interfaces

The user is responsible for providing security for the LAN port for remote
access by controlling physical access to the LAN port. The LAN port must be
controlled because they provide access to all user settings, user states and the
display image.

The LAN port provides the following services:

—ftp

—sockets

22 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation

Keysight Technologies FieldFox Handheld Analzers
N991xA, N992xA, and N993xA

Security Features and Volatility Documentation

8 Procedure for Declassifying a Faulty Instrument

If the instrument is not functioning and you are unable to use the security
functions to clear the User Data, you must physically remove the SOM board
and discard and destroy it. And send the instrument to a repair facility. If the
repair facility determines that a new SOM board fixes the problem and the
instrument is still under warranty, you will not be charged for the new board. If
they determine that the failure was caused by something other than the SOM
board, you will be charged for the new board even though the instrument is
still under warranty.

The 4GB microSD resides in System Board. If the instrument is not functioning
and you are unable to use the security functions to clear the User Data, you
must physically remove the microSD from the System Board and keep it within
secure environment. And send the instrument to a repair facility. If the repair
facility determines that a new System Board fixes the problem and the
instrument is still under warranty, you will not be charged for the new board. If
they determine that the failure was caused by something other than the
System Board, you will be charged for the new board even though the
instrument is still under warranty.

The customer is responsible for removing and replacing the storage media
assemblies at their secure location. Refer to the service guide for assembly
replacement procedures.

23

Procedure for Declassifying a Faulty Instrument

24 Keysight N991xA/N992xA/N993xA Security Features and Volatility Documentation