Keysight N4693D Ecal Reference Guide

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Reference Guide

Keysight Electronic Calibration Modules

This manual provides documentation for the following models:

RF 2-Port:

85091D, 85092D, 85093D, 85094D, 85096D, 85098D, 85099D

N7550A, N7551A, N7552A

RF 4-Port: N4431D

Microwave 2-Port: N4696D, N7553A, N7554A, and N7555A

Microwave 4-Port: N4432D, and N4433D

This is the latest ECal modules Reference Guide. For legacy ECal models, refer to the N4693-90001 Reference Guide:

https://www.keysight.com/us/en/assets/9018-03493/ reference-guides/9018-03493.pdf

N4690D, N4691D, N4692D, N4693D, N4694D,

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Notices

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Keysight Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Trademark Acknowledgments

Manual Part Number

N7550-90002

Edition

Edition 1, February 10, 2022

Printed in USA/Malaysia

Published by: Keysight Technologies 1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95403

Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KEYSIGHT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT

WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is “commercial computer software,” as defined by Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”) 2.101. Pursuant to FAR

12.212 and 27.405-3 and Department of Defense FAR Supplement (“DFARS”) 227.7202, the U.S. government acquires commercial computer software under the same terms by which the software is customarily provided to the public. Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software to U.S. government customers under its standard commercial license, which is embodied in its End User License Agreement (EULA), a copy of which can be found at

http://www.keysight.com/find/s weula The license set forth in the

EULA represents the exclusive authority by which the U.S. government may use, modify, distribute, or disclose the Software. The EULA and the license set forth therein, does not require or permit, among other things, that Keysight: (1) Furnish technical information related to commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation that is not customarily provided to the public; or (2) Relinquish to, or otherwise provide, the government rights in excess of these rights customarily provided to the public to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose commercial

computer software or commercial computer software documentation. No additional government requirements beyond those set forth in the EULA shall apply, except to the extent that those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly required from all providers of commercial computer software pursuant to the FAR and the DFARS and are set forth specifically in writing elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall be under no obligation to update, revise or otherwise modify the Software. With respect to any technical data as defined by FAR 2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS 227.7102, the U.S. government acquires no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5 (c), as applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

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Where to Find the Latest Information

Documentation is updated periodically. For the latest information about these products, including instrument software upgrades, application information, and product information, browse to one of the following URLs, according to the name of your product:

http://www.keysight.com/find/

To receive the latest updates by email, subscribe to Keysight Email Updates at the following URL:

http://www.keysight.com/find/MyKeysight

Information on preventing instrument damage can be found at:

www.keysight.com/find/PreventingInstrumentRepair

Is your product software up-to-date?

Periodically, Keysight releases software updates to fix known defects and incorporate product enhancements. To search for software updates for your product, go to the Keysight Technical Support website at:

http://www.keysight.com/find/techsupport

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1. General Information

Manual Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Prerequisite Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Accuracy of Electronic Calibration versus Mechanical Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

When to Calibrate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Models and Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

8509xD Modules (RF Two-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

N755xA Modules (RF Two-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

N4431D Modules (RF Four-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

N469xD Modules (Microwave Two-Port) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14

N4432D and N4433D Modules (Microwave Four-Port). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18

Compatible Network Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21

Service and Recertification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29

Contacting Keysight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29

Returning Devices to Keysight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29

Recertification of ECal Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30

Safety and Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32

Safety Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-33

Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-33

Compliance Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34

Contents

2. Preparing ECal for Use

Inspecting the ECal Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Inspect the Kit Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Locate the Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Record the Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Verify Electrical Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Equipment Required but Not Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

8509xD Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

N755xA Series Kit Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

N4431D Series Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

N469xD Seres Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

N4432D and N4433D Series Kit Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

8509xD Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

N755xA Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 5

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Contents

N4431D Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

N469xD Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17

N4432D Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

N4433D Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Operating and Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

ESD Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Connector Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-18

Input Power Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20

Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

3. Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Understanding the ECal LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Required Procedure for All Calibrations (PNA and PXIe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Required Procedure for All Calibrations (ENA E5061B, E5063A, E5071C, and E5072A) 3-3

Required Procedure for All Calibrations (FieldFox). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Calibration Types Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

When to Correct for Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Calibration Methods for Non-Insertable Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Validating a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11

ECal Confidence Check – Basic Validation of the Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

System Verification Procedure – Traceable Accuracy Validation of the Calibrated

Measurement System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

ECal Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14

4. Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Inspect Female Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Cleaning Coax Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6

Cleaning 7 mm Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Gaging Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Connector Gage Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

When to Gage Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Recognizing Gage Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Reading the Connector Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Gaging Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

6 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Making Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

1.85 mm, 3.5 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.92 mm, and Type-N Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

7 mm Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

Separating Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

ECal Kit Storage Box (Option 150) – (N755xA Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

5. Specifications and Characteristics

Specifications: Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Environmental Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Operating Temperature and Accuracy Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Barometric Pressure and Relative Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

8509xD Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

N755xA Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

N4431D (3.5 mm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

N4431D (Type-N 50 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

N4431D (7-16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

N4431D (4.3-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

N4432D (Type-N 50 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

N4433D (3.5 mm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

N469xD Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

Contents

Characteristic Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

N755xA Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

N4431D (3.5 mm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

N4431D (4.3-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

N4431D (7-16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16

N4431D (Type-N 50 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16

N4432D (Type-N 50 Ω – Microwave). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

N4433D (3.5 mm – Microwave) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

N469xD Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21

Pin Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21

Type-N Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

Typical Pin Depth Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26

Supplemental Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30

Mechanical Dimensions of the Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31

Measurement Uncertainty Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49

Download the Vector Network Analyzer Uncertainty Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 7

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Contents

6. Replaceable Parts

Description of This Chapter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1

Type-F (75 ohm) Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Type-N (50 ohm) Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Type-N (75 ohm) Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

1.85 mm Modules and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

2.4 mm Modules and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

2.92 mm Modules and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

3.5 mm Modules and Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

4.3-10 Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

7 mm Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

7-16 Modules and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

Other ECal Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

8 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 9

Keysight Electronic Calibration Modules RF/Microwave Two Port

Reference Guide

1 General Information

Manual Overview

The purpose of this manual is to help you use your Electronic Calibration (ECal) module confidently and effectively. ECal is a precision, single-connection calibration technique which uses fully traceable and verifiable electronic standards. Each module has unique S-parameter data that is stored in the module's memory. During calibration, ECal uses this data to calculate the error terms for your network analyzer.

This manual provides instructions for operating and maintaining your ECal module. Also included are mechanical specifications and replaceable parts available for each model.

The 85091/2/3/4/6/8/9D series provide two-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as DC and ending as high as 9 GHz. The

N4690/1/2/3/4/6D series provide two-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as DC and ending as high as 67 GHz. and N7550/1/2/3/4/5A series provide two-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as DC and ending as high as 26.5 GHz. The N4431/2/3D series provide four-port calibration solutions with operating frequencies starting as low as DC and ending as high as 26.5 GHz.

Prerequisite Knowledge

This manual assumes you are trained in proper connector care. Because an accurate calibration depends on the integrity and cleanliness of the connector interface, a damaged connector will invalidate the calibration achieved with that module. Refer to the “Connector Care” on page 2-18.

Clarifying the Terminology of a Connector Interface

In this manual, adapters, ECal modules, and gage masters are referred to by way of their interface connector. For example:

— A female adapter has a female interface.

— A male adapter has a male interface.

A connector gage is referred to by way of the connector it measures. For example:

— A male connector gage has a female interface so it can measure male

devices.

1- 1

Page 10

General Information Manual Overview

— A female connector gage has a male interface so it can measure female

devices.

Accuracy of Electronic Calibration versus Mechanical Calibration

N755xA ECals can be used for S-parameter measurement calibrations. The residual measurement uncertainty makes them unsuitable for advanced applications, such as load pull, noise figure, etcetera.

As the number of DUT test ports increases, the required number of calibration measurements also increases. This boosts the probability of bad connections and bad calibrations when mechanical calibration standards are used rather than ECal. Also, test port cable repeatability and stability errors are amplified by the increased number of connections and disconnections. To perform an SOLT 4-port calibration, a minimum of twelve 1-port standards and three 2-port (thru) standards are measured, requiring a total of eighteen connections. The same calibration using a 2-port ECal module (N755xA and N469xD) requires only four connections.

Ignoring connection related errors, the following table compares the accuracy of ECal versus mechanical calibration in various calibration options.

Mechanical Calibration Type ECal Thru Type Measurement ECal Mechanical

1-Port, calibration constant (not data-based) SOL

1-Port, short, open, sliding load NA Reflection +

1-Port, data-based, expanded NA Reflection +

2-Port TRL All types Reflection

≥2-Port, calibration constant SOL, flush

thru

≥2-Port, calibration constant SOL, unknown thru

NA Reflection ++

Transmission

Characterized Reflection

Transmission

Internal unknown Reflection

Transmission

External flush

Characterized Reflection

Reflection Transmission

Transmission

++ ++

Calibration

Internal unknown Reflection

Transmission

1-2 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

++ =

Page 11

General Information When to Calibrate

Mechanical Calibration Type ECal Thru Type Measurement ECal Mechanical

Calibration

≥2-Port, data-based, expanded, flush

thru

≥2-Port, data-based, expanded, unknown thru

++ better; + slightly better; = same

a. Flush thru should NOT be used when the test port connectors are not the same type as the calibration standards. SMA and

3.5 mm connectors are mateable but are NOT the same type.

Characterized Reflection

Transmission

Internal unknown Reflection

Transmission

External flush

Characterized Reflection

Internal unknown

Reflection Transmission

Transmission

Reflection Transmission

When to Calibrate

A network analyzer calibration remains valid as long as the changes in the systematic error are insignificant. This means that changes to the uncorrected leakages (directivity and isolation), mismatches (source match and load match), and frequency response of the system are small (<10%) relative to accuracy specifications.

+ ++

+ +

+ ++

+ +

Change in the environment (especially temperature) between calibration and measurement is the major cause in calibration accuracy degradation. The major effect is a change in the physical length of external and internal cables. Other important causes are dirty and damaged test port connectors and calibration standards. If the connectors become dirty or damaged, measurement repeatability and accuracy is affected. Fortunately, it is relatively easy to evaluate the general validity of the calibration. To test repeatability, remeasure one of the calibration standards. If you can not obtain repeatable measurements from your calibration standards, maintenance needs to be performed on the test port connectors, cables and calibration standards. Also, maintain at least one sample of the device under test or some known device as your reference device. A verification kit may be used for this purpose. After calibration, measure the reference device and note its responses. Periodically remeasure the device and note any changes in its corrected response which can be attributed to the test system. With experience you will be able to see changes in the reference responses that indicate a need to perform the measurement calibration again.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-3

Page 12

General Information Models and Options

Models and Options

This section provides the model number, operating characteristics and connector options available with Keysight RF and microwave ECal modules. You can order ECal modules by selecting the model number followed by the desired options.

8509xD Modules (RF Two-Port)

ECal modules from this series are available with the connector types and frequency ranges shown in Table 1-2 on page 1-10. Mixed connector options allow you to configure the module with a different connector type at each port (as shown in Figure 1-9).

Figure 1-1 Model 85091D Option 7 mm shown

1-4 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 13

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-2 Model 85092D Type-N 50 ohm m and f shown

Figure 1-3 Model 85093D Option 3.5 mm m and f shown

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-5

Page 14

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-4 Model 85094D 4.3-10 m and f shown

Figure 1-5 Model 85096D Type–N 75 ohm m and f shown

1-6 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 15

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-6 Model 85098D 7-16 m and f shown

Figure 1-7 Model 85099D Type-F 75 ohm 7 mm

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-7

Page 16

General Information Models and Options

Table 1-1 8509xD Modules

Model

Number

Connector

Typ e

Operating

Frequency

Port A and B Option

-m- and -f- -m- and -m- -f- and -f-

85091D 7 mm 300 kHz to 9 GHz (003) n/a n/a n/a

DC to 9 GHz (0DC) n/a n/a n/a

Type-N 50 ohm 300 kHz to 9 GHz (003) 85092D-M0F 85092D-00M 85092D-00F

85092D

DC to 9 GHz (0DC) 85092D-M0F 85092D-00M 85092D-00F

3.5 mm 300 kHz to 9 GHz (003) 85093D-M0F 85093D-00M 85093D-00F

85093D

85094D

4.3–10 300 kHz to 9 GHz (003) 85094D-M0F 85094D-00M 85094D-00F

DC to 9 GHz (0DC) 85093D-M0F 85093D-00M 85093D-00F

DC to 9 GHz (0DC) 85094D-M0F 85094D-00M 85094D-00F

Type-N 75 ohm 300 kHz to 9 GHz (003) 85096D-M0F 85096D-00M 85096D-00F

85096D

DC to 9 GHz (0DC) 85096D-M0F 85096D-00M 85096D-00F

7–16 300 kHz to 7.5 GHz (003) 85098D-M0F 85098D-00M 85098D-00F

85098D

DC to 7.5 GHz (0DC) 85098D-M0F 85098D-00M 85098D-00F

Type F 75 ohm 300 kHz to 6 GHz (003) 85099D-M0F 85099D-00M 85099D-00F

85099D

DC to 6 GHz (0DC) 85099D-M0F 85099D-00M 85099D-00F

a. Option 0DC frequency range is DC to xx.x GHz. Option 003 frequency range is 300 kHz to xx.x GHz.

N755xA Other

Description

Options

A6J ANSI Z540-1-1994 Calibration

1A7 Calibration + Uncertainties + Guardbanding

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

SPS Post Sales Support

150 ECal ruggedized plastic storage box – See also “ECal Kit Storage Box (Option 150) –

(N755xA Only)” on page 4-23

1-8 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 17

General Information Models and Options

N755xA Modules (RF Two-Port)

Figure 1-8 Model N755xA Option Type-N m and f shown

Figure 1-9 Model N7554A Option 3.5 mm m and f shown

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-9

Page 18

General Information Models and Options

Table 1-2 N755xA Modules

Model

Number

Connector

Typ e

Operating

Frequency

Port A and B Option

-m- and -f- -m- and -m- -f- and -f-

N7550A Type-N 50 ohm DC to 4 GHz N7550A-NMF N7550A-NMM N7550A-NFF

3.5 mm N7550A-3MF N7550A-3MM N7550A-3FF

N7551A

N7552A

N7553A

N7554A

Type-N 50 ohm

DC to 6.5 GHz

3.5 mm N7551A-3MF N7551A-3MM N7551A-3FF

Type-N 50 ohm

3.5 mm N7552A-3MF N7552A-3MM N7552A-3FF

DC to 9 GHz

Type-N 50 ohm

3.5 mm N7553A-3MF N7553A-3MM N7553A-3FF

DC to 14 GHz

Type-N 50 ohm

DC to 18 GHz

3.5 mm N7554A-3MF N7554A-3MM N7554A-3FF

N7551A-NMF N7551A-NMM N7551A-NFF

N7552A-NMF N7552A-NMM N7552A-NFF

N7553A-NMF N7553A-NMM N7553A-NFF

N7554A-NMF N7554A-NMM N7554A-NFF

N7555A 3.5 mm DC to 26.5 GHz N7555A-3MF N7555A-3MM N7555A-3FF

a. Option 0DC frequency range is DC to xx.x GHz. Option 100 frequency range is 10 MHz to xx.x GHz.

N755xA Other

Description

Options

A6J ANSI Z540-1-1994 Calibration

1A7 Calibration + Uncertainties + Guardbanding

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

SPS Post Sales Support

150 ECal ruggedized plastic storage box – See also “ECal Kit Storage Box (Option 150) –

(N755xA Only)” on page 4-23

1-10 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 19

General Information Models and Options

N4431D Modules (RF Four-Port)

Figure 1-10 Model N4431D Option Type-N m and f shown

Figure 1-11 Model N4431D Option 3.5 mm f and f shown

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-11

Page 20

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-12 Model N4431D Option 4.3-10 m and f shown

Figure 1-13 Model N4431D Option 7-16 m and f shown

1-12 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 21

General Information Models and Options

Table 1-3 N4431D Modules (All connectors are female)

Model

Number

Connector Type Port A, B, C, D Operating

Frequency

Option

N4431D 3.5 mm –f– DC to 13.5 GHz 010

Type-N 50Ω -f- DC to 13.5 GHz 020

Table 1-4 N4431D Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f- 101 201 301 401

3.5 mm -m- 102 202 302 402

Type-N 50Ω -f- 103 203 303 403

Type-N 50Ω -m- 104 204 304 404

7-16 -f-

7-16 -m-

4.3-10-f-

4.3-10-m-

105 205 305 405

106 206 306 406

107 207 307 406

108 208 308 407

a. Limits ECal module high frequency to 7.5 GHz. b. Limits ECal module high frequency to 12 GHz.

N4431D Other

Description

Options

A6J Adds ANSI Z540-1-1994 Calibration

1A7 Calibration + Uncertainties + Guardbanding

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-13

Page 22

General Information Models and Options

N469xD Modules (Microwave Two-Port)

Figure 1-14 Model N4690D Option Type-N m and f shown

Figure 1-15 Model N4691D Option 3.5 mm m and f shown

1-14 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 23

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-16 Model N4692D Option 2.92 mm m and f shown

Figure 1-17 Model N4693D Option 2.4 mm m and f shown

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-15

Page 24

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-18 Model N4694D Option 1.85 mm m and f shown

Figure 1-19 Model N4696D Option 7 mm

1-16 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 25

General Information Models and Options

Table 1-5 N469xD Modules

Model

Number

Connector

Typ e

Operating

Frequency

Port A and B Option

-m- and -f- -m- and -m- -f- and -f-

N4690D Type-N 50 ohm DC to 18 GHz (0DC) N4690D-M0F N4690D-M0M N4690D-F0F

300 kHz to 18 GHz (003)

N4691D 3.5 mm DC to 26.5 GHz (0DC) N4691D-M0F N4691D-M0M N4691D-F0F

300 kHz to 26.5 GHz (003)

N4692D 2.92 mm DC to 40 GHz (0DC) N4692D-M0F N4692D-M0M N4692D-F0F

10 MHz to 40 GHz (100)

N4693D 2.4 mm DC to 50 GHz (0DC) N4693D-M0F N4693D-M0M N4693D-F0F

10 MHz to 50 GHz (100)

N4694D 1.85 mm DC to 67 GHz (0DC) N4691D-M0F N4691D-M0M N4691D-F0F

10 MHz to 67 GHz (100)

N4696D 7.0 mm DC to 18 GHz (0DC) n/a n/a n/a

300 kHz to 18 GHz (003)

a. Option 0DC frequency range is DC to xx.x GHz. Option 003 frequency range is 300 kHz to xx.x GHz. Option 100 frequency range

is 10 MHz to xx.x GHz.

N469xD Other

Description

Options

A6J Adds ANSI Z540-1-1994 Calibration

1A7 Adds ISO 17025 Calibration + Uncertainties + Guardbanding

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

SPS Post Sales Support

00A Adds one -m- to -m- and one -f- to -f adapter

–– ECal ruggedized plastic storage box – Order spare storage box with foam part number 1540-2345.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-17

Page 26

General Information Models and Options

N4432D and N4433D Modules (Microwave Four-Port)

Figure 1-20 Model N4432D Option Type-N m and f shown

Figure 1-21 Model N4432D Option 3.5 mm f and f shown

1-18 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 27

General Information Models and Options

Figure 1-22 Model N4433D Option 3.5 mm f and f shown

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-19

Page 28

General Information Models and Options

Table 1-6 N4432D and N4433D Modules (All connectors are female)

Model

Connector Type Port A, B, C, D

Operating Frequency Option

Number

N4433D 3.5 mm -f- DC to 26.5 GHz (0DC) 010

300 kHz to 26.5 GHz (003)

N4432D Type-N 50Ω -f- DC to 18 GHz (0DC) 020

300 kHz to 18 GHz (003)

a. Option 0DC frequency range is DC to xx.x GHz. Option 003 frequency range is 300 kHz to xx.x GHz.

Table 1-7 N4432D Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f-

3.5 mm -m-

Type-N 50Ω -f- 103 203 303 403

Type-N 50Ω -m- 104 204 304 404

a. Frequency range of ECal module limited by other connectors.

101 201 301 401

102 202 302 402

Table 1-8 N4433D Mixed Connector Options

Connector Type Port A Option Port B Option Port C Option Port D Option

3.5 mm -f- 101 201 301 401

3.5 mm -m- 102 202 302 402

Other N4432/3D Options

A6J Adds ANSI Z540-1-1994 Calibration

1A7 Calibration + Uncertainties + Guardbanding

UK6 Adds commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

Description

1-20 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 29

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Compatible Network Analyzers

ECal modules operate with the network analyzer models shown in Table 1-9,

Table 1-10 on page 23, Table 1-11 on page 25, and Table 1-12 on page 27.

Not all ECal module and network analyzer combinations have the same features or capabilities. See your network analyzer user guide or online Help.

Table 1-9

Network

Analyzers

PNA Network Analyzers

N522xA, N523xA, N524xA Yes

N522xB, N523xB, N524xB Yes USB

ENA Network Analyzers

E5061B Yes

E5063A Yes

E5071C Yes

8509xD Compatible Network Analyzers

85091D/85092D/85093D/ 85094D/85096D/85098D/ 85099D ECal Module Series

(Required VNA firmware revision)

(≥A.10.49.07)

(≥B.05.02)

(≥A.05.06)

(≥B.14.03)

Interface

Required

USB

E5072A Yes

(≥B.02.44)

E5080A Yes

(≥A.12.60.03)

E5080B Yes USB

PXIe Vector Network Analyzer Modules

M937xA Yes

(≥A.12.60.02)

M9485A Yes

(≥A.12.60.02)

M980xA Yes USB

Streamline Vector Network Analyzer Modules

P937xA Yes USB

P937xB, P938xB Yes USB

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-21

USB

Page 30

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-9 8509xD Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

85091D/85092D/85093D/ 85094D/85096D/85098D/

Required

85099D ECal Module Series

(Required VNA firmware revision)

P500xA, P502xA Yes USB

P500xB, P502xB Yes USB

FieldFox Handheld Analyzers

N9912A No n/a

N99xxA (excluding N9912A)

Yes (≥A.10.2x with CPU2)

USB

N99xxB Yes USB

a. 8509xD supports any USB 2.0 compliant hub. It can communicate at High Speed

(480 Mbps) and Full Speed (12 Mbps).

b. If the required VNA firmware revision is blank, there are no VNA firmware

revision restrictions for the operation of ECal.

Interface

1-22 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 31

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-10 N755xA Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

N755xA Compatibility Interface

Required

(Required VNA firmware revision)

PNA Network Analyzers

N522xA, N523xA, N524xA Yes

USB

(≥A.10.49.07)

N522xB, N523xB, N524xB Yes USB

ENA Network Analyzers

E5061B Yes

USB

(≥B.04.86)

E5063A Yes

USB

(≥A.03.72)

E5071C Yes

USB

(≥B.13.32)

E5072A Yes

USB

(≥B.02.39)

E5080A Yes

USB

(≥A.12.55.05)

E5080B Yes USB

PXIe Vector Network Analyzer

M937xA Yes

USB

(≥A.03.10)

M9485A Yes

USB

(≥A.03.10)

M980xA Yes USB

Streamline Vector Network Analyzer

P937xA Yes

USB

(≥A.10.55.07)

P937xB, P938xB Yes USB

P500xA, P502xA Yes USB

FieldFox Handheld Analyzers

N9912A No n/a

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-23

Page 32

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-10 N755xA Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

N755xA Compatibility Interface

Required

(Required VNA firmware

USB

N99xxA (excluding N9912A)

revision)

Yes

(≥A.10.2x with CPU2)

N99xxB Yes USB

a. N755xA supports any USB 2.0 compliant hub. It can communicate at High Speed

(480 Mbps) and Full Speed (12 Mbps).

b. If the required VNA firmware revision is blank, there are no VNA firmware

revision restrictions for the operation of ECal.

1-24 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 33

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-11 N443xD Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

N4431D/N4432D Compatibility N4433D Compatibility Interface

Analyzers

(Required VNA firmware revision)

PNA Network Analyzers

N522xA, N523xA, N524xA

N522xB, N523xB, N524xB

Yes (≥A.10.60.04)

Yes (≥A.12.85.00)

ENA Network Analyzers

E5061B Yes

(≥B.05.02)

E5063A Yes

(≥B.05.06)

E5071C Yes

(≥B.14.03)

E5072A

Yes (≥B.02.44)

Required

(Required VNA firmware

revision)

Yes

USB

(≥A.10.60.04)

Yes

USB

(≥A.12.85.00)

No USB

E5080A Yes

(≥A.12.55.05)

Yes (≥A.12.55.05)

USB

E5080B Yes Yes USB

PXIe Vector Network Analyzer

M937xA Yes

(≥A.10.55.07)

M9485A Yes

(≥A.10.55.07)

Yes (≥A.10.55.07)

USB

M980xA Yes Yes USB

Streamline Vector Network Analyzer

P937xA Yes Yes USB

P937xB, P938xB Yes Yes USB

P500xA, P502xA Yes Yes USB

P500xB, P502xB Yes Yes USB

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-25

Page 34

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-11 N443xD Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

N4431D/N4432D Compatibility N4433D Compatibility Interface

Required

(Required VNA firmware revision)

FieldFox Handheld Analyzers

N9912ANoNon/a

N99xxA (excluding N9912A)

Yes (≥A.10.2x with CPU2 )

Yes (≥A.10.2x with CPU2)

USB

N99xxB Yes Yes USB

a. N443xD supports any USB 2.0 compliant hub. It can communicate at High Speed (480 Mbps) and Full Speed

(12 Mbps).

b. If the required VNA firmware revision is blank, there are no VNA firmware revision restrictions for the operation of

ECal.

c. N4431/2D ECal drivers must be updated. Contact Keysight Technologies for updating the drivers. Refer to, “Con-

tacting Keysight” on page 29.

1-26 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 35

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-12 N469xD Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

N4690D/N4691D N4692D/N4696D Compatibility

(Required VNA firmware revision)

PNA Network Analyzers

N522xA, N523xA, N524xA Yes

(≥A.10.60.04)

N522xB, N523xB, N524xB Yes

(≥A.12.85.00)

ENA Network Analyzers

E5061B Yes

(≥B.05.02)

E5063A Yes

(≥A.05.06)

E5071C Yes

(≥B.14.03)

E5072A

Yes (≥B.02.44)

N4693D/N4694D Compatibility Interface

Required

(Required VNA firmware

revision)

Yes

USB

(≥A.10.60.04)

Yes

USB

(≥A.12.85.00)

No USB

E5080A Yes

(≥A.12.60.03)

Yes (≥A.12.60.03)

USB

E5080B Yes Yes USB

PXIe Vector Network Analyzer

M937xA Yes

(≥A.12.60.02)

M9485A Yes

(≥A.12.60.02)

Yes (≥A.12.60.02)

USB

M980xA Yes Yes USB

Streamline Vector Network Analyzer

P937xA Yes Yes USB

P937xB, P938xB Yes Yes USB

P500xA, P502xA Yes Yes USB

P500xB, P502xB Yes Yes USB

FieldFox Handheld Analyzers

N9912ANoNon/a

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-27

Page 36

General Information Compatible Network Analyzers

Table 1-12 N469xD Compatible Network Analyzers

Network

Analyzers

N99xxA (excluding N9912A)

N4690D/N4691D N4692D/N4696D Compatibility

(Required VNA firmware revision)

Yes (≥A.10.2x with CPU2)

N4693D/N4694D Compatibility Interface

Required

(Required VNA firmware revision)

Yes

USB

(≥A.10.2x with CPU2)

N99xxB Yes Yes USB

a. N469xD supports any USB 2.0 compliant hub. It can communicate at High Speed (480 Mbps) and Full Speed (12 Mbps). b. If the required VNA firmware revision is blank, there are no VNA firmware revision restrictions for the operation of ECal. c. N4696D ECal drivers must be updated. Contact Keysight Technologies for updating the drivers. Refer to, “Contacting

Keysight” on page 29.

1-28 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 37

General Information Service and Recertification

Service and Recertification

N755xA, N469xD, and N443xD must be returned to factory for recertification and service. Refer to “Definitions”.

N7550A/1/2A are value line products and can be re-certified and serviced. But, because the ECal modules are so intricately constructed and because of the resulting cost of re-certification or minor repairs, it may not be cost effective to return these models to the factory.

Keysight provides a Utility that can be used to verify that your ECal module is performing as expected. Refer to “ECal Confidence Check – Basic

Validation of the Calibration” on page 3-11.

If your ECal module requires service or recertification, contact the Keysight office nearest you for information about where to send it. The performance of your ECal module can only be verified by specially manufactured equipment and calibration standards from Keysight.

Definitions

— Service: Replacement of connectors.

— Recertification: Measure the performance of the device and provide a

Pass/Fail. See also, “Recertification of ECal Modules” on page 1-30.

Contacting Keysight

Assistance with test and measurements needs and information on finding a local Keysight office are available on the Web at:

www.keysight.com/find/assist

If you do not have access to the Internet, please contact your Keysight field engineer.

In any correspondence or telephone conversation, refer to the Keysight product by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the Keysight representative can determine whether your product is still within its warranty period.

Returning Devices to Keysight

If you are returning the product to Keysight, please contact Keysight and provide the following information:

—your company name and address

— a technical contact person within your company, and the person’s complete

telephone number including country code and area code

— the model number and serial number of the case

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-29

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General Information Service and Recertification

— the part number and serial number of each device

— type of service required

— a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used

when the problem occurred (such as calibration or measurement)

When transporting the module, use original or comparable packaging.

Recertification of ECal Modules

Only Keysight calibration laboratories use the most accurate reference standards - directly traceable to national and international primary standards - to calibrate ECal modules to their warranted specifications. Calibration services performed by unauthorized calibration service providers will cause ECal modules to perform substantially below specifications. Keysight is not responsible for the poor performance of ECal modules that are calibrated by such unauthorized calibration service providers.

The suggested interval for recertification is 12 months. After reviewing the results of the initial recertification, you may establish a shorter interval that reflects greater use and wear of the module.

Where to Send a Module for Recertification

Contact Keysight for information on where to send your kit for recertification. See “Contacting Keysight” on page 1-29. Refer to “Returning Devices to

Keysight” on page 1-29 for instructions on the preparation of returning the

device.

How Keysight Verifies Your ECal Module

Keysight verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:

1. The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision airlines and shorts or low frequency resistance that are directly traced to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical measurements. The mechanical measurements and material properties are carefully modeled to give very accurate electrical representation. The mechanical measurements are then traced to NIST through various plug and ring gages and other mechanical measurements.

2. Each module is electrically tested on this system to the specification listed in Chapter 5, “Specifications and Characteristics.”

These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Keysight to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the module are traceable to NIST through Keysight Technologies.

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General Information Service and Recertification

What Is Provided with a Recertification

— a new calibration sticker affixed to the module

— a certificate of calibration

— a list of United States National Institute of Standards and Technology

(NIST) traceable numbers

— a calibration report for each traceable module listing measured values,

specifications, and uncertainties

— a new set of S-parameter data (embedded in module memory) if the old set

of S-parameters data no longer allows for a calibration that meets all performance specifications

Keysight Technologies offers different types of calibration for the recertification of the module. For more information, contact Keysight. See “Contacting

Keysight” on page 1-29.

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General Information Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety and Regulatory Information

Review this section to familiarize yourself with safety markings and instructions before you operate the ECal module. This product has been designed and tested in accordance with international standards.

The WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice, or the like, that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

The CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like, that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

1-32 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Table 1-13

ICES/NMB-001

General Information Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety Notices

Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

Instrument Markings

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

This symbol indicates separate collection for electrical and electronic equipment, mandated under EU law as of August 13, 2005. All electrical and electronic equipment are required to be separated from normal waste for disposal (Reference WEEE Directive, 2002/96/EC.

The CE marking is a legal compliance marking of the European Community. This CE marking shows that the product complies with all the relevant European Legal Directives.

This mark designates the product is an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product (reference CISPR 11, Clause 5).

This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES -001. Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB du Canada.

The RCM mark is a registered trademark of the Australian Communications and Media Authority.

China RoHS regulations include requirements related to packaging, and require compliance to China standard GB18455-2001.

Korean Certification (KC) mark; includes the marking’s identifier code which follows the format:

KCC-REM-YYY-ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ or MSIP-REM-YYY-ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ or R-R-Kst-xxxxxxx.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-33

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General Information Safety and Regulatory Information

Table 1-13

This symbol indicates compliance with China RoHS regulations for paper/fiberboard packaging.

Compliance Notices

This product has been designated and tested in accordance with accepted industry standards, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The documentation contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.

EMC and Safety Information

EMC

Complies with the essential requirements of the European EMC Directive as well as current editions of the following standards (dates and editions are cited in the Declaration of Conformity):

— IEC/EN 61326-1

— CISPR Pub 11 Group 1, class A

— AS/NZS CISPR 11

— ICES/NMB-001

This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001. Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB-001 du Canada.000

South Korean Class A EMC declaration

This equipment has been conformity assessed for use in business environments. In a residential environment this equipment may cause radio interference.

1-34 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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General Information Safety and Regulatory Information

Safety Information

European Low Voltage Directive is not applicable for these products.

Declaration of Conformity

A declaration of conformity for any of these ECal modules is available at

http://www.keysight.com/go/conformity or by contacting Keysight - see “Contacting Keysight” on page 1-29.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 1-35

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General Information Safety and Regulatory Information

1-36 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 45

Keysight Electronic Calibration Modules RF/Microwave Two Port

Reference Guide

2 Preparing ECal for Use

Inspecting the ECal Kit

Inspect the Kit Contents

Verify the case and its contents are not damaged and that all parts are included (see items listed in Table 2-9). If the case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact Keysight. Keysight will arrange for repair or replacement of incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for settlement from the transportation company. See

“Contacting Keysight” on page 1-29.

Locate the Serial Number

Your ECal kit has a unique serial number. The serial number is printed on a label on the backside of the ECal module.

ECal Kit Serial Number

The serial number with the MY/US prefix on the backside of the ECal module is assigned to the ECal kit. Refer to Figure 2-1. The ECal kit contains the ECal module and, depending on the option configuration, accessories such as wrenches and adapters.

2- 1

Page 46

Preparing ECal for Use Inspecting the ECal Kit

Figure 2-1 ECal Model and Serial Numbers on the Backside of the ECal Module

The ECal kit serial number is intended for identification purposes whenever an ECal kit is returned to Keysight for repair or recertification.

ECal Module Serial Number

The serial number is located on the backside of the ECal module (refer to

Figure 2-1). Each ECal module is unique and is individually serialized. The

serial number is stored in the ECal module memory and may be accessed by a network analyzer when the ECal is used to perform a calibration. Test reports for an ECal module will refer to this serial number as the “ECal S/N.”

2-2 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 47

Preparing ECal for Use Inspecting the ECal Kit

Record the Serial Number

Record the serial number and the date of initial use as a reminder for annual recertification. See “Recertification of ECal Modules” on page 1-30.

Table 2-1 Table for Tracking Serial Numbers

ECal Kit Model Number

ECal Kit Serial Number (contains MY/US prefix)

Verify Electrical Performance

To verify electrical performance of the module, see “Validating a Calibration”

on page 3-11.

Equipment Required but Not Supplied

Pin Depth Gages

Gages for measuring recession or protrusion are not provided in the kit. See

Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts.” or contact Keysight to order gages and other

test accessories.

Date of Initial Use

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-3

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Kit Contents

8509xD Series Kit Contents

The following table lists the items in each N8509xD kit.

Table 2-2 85091D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85091D

1 85091D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Wrench – Torque 12 in-lb., 3/4 in. open end 8710-1766

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

9320-6695

2-4 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-3 85092D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85092D

1 85092D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Wrench – Torque 12 in-lb., 3/4 in. open end 8710-1766

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

9320-6695

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-5

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-4 85093D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85093D

1 85093D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

9320-6695

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Wrench – Torque 8 in-lb., 20 mm open end 8710-1764

1 Wrench – Torque 8 in-lb., 20 mm open end 8710-1765

1 Wrench spanner 08513-20014

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

2-6 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-5 85094D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85094D

1 85094D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Wrench – Torque 22 mm 12 in-lb 8710-2811

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

9320-6695

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-7

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-6 85096D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85096D

1 85096D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

9320-6695

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Wrench – 1/2 in. to 5/16 in. open end 8710-1770

1 Wrench – Torque 12 in-lb., 3/4 in. open end 8710-1766

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

2-8 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-7 85098D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85098D

1 85098D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Tool–hand and miscellaneous hard

chrome–finish

1 Torque–Wrench 2.26 N–m 1–1/16 in

hard-chrome finish

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

9320-6695

8710-2174

8710-2175

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-9

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-8 85099D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

85099D

1 85099D, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2367

1 Type F Wrench 8710-1841

1 QuickStart Guide 85092-90001

1 Unbox Guide 85092-90002

2-10 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

N755xA Series Kit Contents

The following table lists the items in each N755xA kit.

Table 2-9 N755xA Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N755xA

1 N755xA, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

2 Foam cushion set 30.5x23.5x14-cm

0.9-lbs-Density Polyethylene

1 Lanyard 9223-1111

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 Finding Product Manual Sheet 9320-6794

1 Assy, lanyard N7550-60008

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 QuickStart Guide N7550-90001

9220-8151

9320-6695

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-11

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

N4431D Series Kit Contents

The following tables list the items in each N4431D kit. For the N4431D kit, Option 010 is configured with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports and Option 020 is configured with type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports. See

Table 1-4 on page 1-13 for other configurations available.

Table 2-10 N4431D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4431D Option 010

1 N4431D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 Wrench spanner 08513–20014

1 Wrench–Torque 8 in-lb, 20 mm open end 8710-1764

1 Wrench–Torque 8 in-lb, 5/16 in open end 8710-1765

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 3.5 mm Inner contact tool

4 3.5 mm Inner contact

5022-9143

5021-6558

1 QuickStart Guide N4431-90004

a. Only available for Option 010 and mixed options with 3.5 mm

-f- connectors. See also, https://literature.cdn.key-

sight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf.

Table 2-11 N4431D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4431D Option 020

1 N4431D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 Wrench–Torque 8 in-lb, 3/4 in open end 8710-1766

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 QuickStart Guide N4431-90004

2-12 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-12 N4431D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4431D Mixed Connector Options

1 N4431D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 3.5 mm Inner contact tool

4 3.5 mm Inner contact

5022-9143

5021-6558

1 QuickStart Guide N4431-90004

a. Torque wrench varies with options. b. Only available for Option 010 and mixed options with 3.5 mm

-f- connectors. See also, https://literature.cdn.key-

sight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-13

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

N469xD Seres Kit Contents

Table 2-13 N469xD Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N469xD

1 N469xD, ECal Module --

1 South Korean Class A EMC Declaration 5061-7383

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

2 Foam cushion set 46.0x33.0x16.7-cm Density

9220-8171

Polyethylene

1 China RoHS Addendum for Test

9320-6695

Accessories-RF and Microwave

1 Finding Product Manual Sheet 9320-6794

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 Critical Care Document 85051-90032

1 Transit case 1540-2345

1 Wrench – 1/2 in. to 5/16 in. open end 8710-1770

1 Wrench – Torque 8 in-lb., 20 mm open end

1 Wrench – Torque 12 in-lb., 3/4 in. open end

8710-1764

8710-1765

8710-1766

1 QuickStart Guide N4690-90002

a. 8710-1764 and 8170-1765 are only available for the N4691/2/3/4D models. b. 8710-1766 wrench is only available for the N460/6D models.

2-14 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

N4432D and N4433D Series Kit Contents

The following tables list the items in each N4432D and N4433D kit. For the N4432D kit, Option 020 is configured with type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports. For the N4433D kit, Option 010 is configured with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports. See Table 1-7 on page 1-20 and Table 1-8 on page 1-20 for other configurations available.

Table 2-14 N4432D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4432D Option 020

1 N4432D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 Torque Wrench 3/4 in, 1.3 N–m 8710-1766

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 QuickStart Guide N4431-90004

Table 2-15 N4432D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4432D Mixed Connector Options

1 N4432D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 3.5 mm Inner contact tool

4 3.5 mm Inner contact

1 QuickStart Guide N4431-90004

a. Torque wrench varies with options. b. Only available for Option 010 and mixed options with 3.5 mm

-f- connectors. See also, https://literature.cdn.key-

sight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf.

5022-9143

5021-6558

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-15

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Preparing ECal for Use Kit Contents

Table 2-16 N4433D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4433D Option 010

1 N4433D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9 N-m 8710-1764

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765

1 Wrench spanner N4431-20014

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 3.5 mm Inner contact tool

4 3.5 mm Inner contact

5022-9143

5021-6558

1 Quick Start Reference Guide N4431-90004

a. Only available for Option 010 and mixed options with 3.5 mm

-f- connectors. See also, https://literature.cdn.key-

sight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf.

Table 2-17 N4433D Kit Contents

Qty Description Part No.

N4433D Mixed Connector Options

1 N4433D, ECal Module --

1 Calibration certificate 5962-0476

1 Torque Wrench 20 mm, 0.9 N-m 8710-1764

1 Torque Wrench 5/16”, 0.9 N-m 8710-1765

1 Wrench spanner N4431-20014

1 USB A-plug to micro-B plug Cable, 2 m 8121-2671

1 3.5 mm Inner contact tool

4 3.5 mm Inner contact

5022-9143

5021-6558

1 Quick Start Reference Guide N4431-90004

a. Only available for Option 010 and mixed options with 3.5 mm

-f- connectors. See also, https://literature.cdn.key-

sight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf.

2-16 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

Page 61

Options

Preparing ECal for Use Options

8509xD Options

Where:

— Option 00F, configures the module with female-to-female connectors.

— Option 00M, configures the module with male-to-male connectors.

— Option M0F, configures the module with male-to-female connectors.

N755xA Options

Where “x” represents the connector type (i.e., “N” for 50Ω Type-N and “3” for

3.5 mm:

— Option xFF, configures the module with female-to-female connectors.

— Option xMM, configures the module with male-to-male connectors.

— Option xMF, configures the module with male-to-female connectors.

N4431D Options

— Option 010 configures the model with 3.5 mm –f– and 020 configures the

module with Type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on all ports.

— Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

— For more, refer to “N4431D Modules (RF Four-Port)” on page 1-11

N469xD Options

Where:

— Option F0F, configures the module with female-to-female connectors.

— Option M0M, configures the module with male-to-male connectors.

— Option M0F, configures the module with male-to-female connectors.

N4432D Options

— Option 020 configures the module with Type-N 50 ohm -f- connectors on

all ports.

— Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

— For more, refer to “N4432D and N4433D Modules (Microwave Four-Port)”

on page 1-18

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-17

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Preparing ECal for Use Operating and Safety Precautions

N4433D Options

— Option 010 configures the module with 3.5 mm -f- connectors on all ports.

— Option UK6 adds a commercial calibration certificate with measured data.

— For more, refer to “N4432D and N4433D Modules (Microwave Four-Port)”

on page 1-18

Operating and Safety Precautions

Observe the following guidelines before connecting or operating your ECal module.

ESD Damage

Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is important while handling and operating your ECal module. Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive components when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage to the unit. To prevent damage from ESD:

— Use a grounded anti static mat in front of your test equipment and wear a

grounded wrist strap attached to it when handling or operating the ECal module.

— Wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor.

— Ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to an ECal

module. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the analyzer test port or cable connector briefly.

— Avoid touching the center conductor of the test ports.

For more information about preventing ESD, see “Electrostatic Discharge” on

page 4-1.

Connector Care

Because connectors can become defective due to wear during normal use, all connectors should be inspected and maintained to maximize their service life. For more detailed information, see “Visual Inspection” on page 4-3.

— Inspect the mating surface each time a connection is made. Metal particles

from connector threads often find their way onto the mating surface when a connection is made or disconnected.

— Clean dirt and contamination from the connector mating surface and

threads. This simple step can extend the service life of the connector and improve the quality of your calibration and measurements.

2-18 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Operating and Safety Precautions

— Gage connectors periodically. This not only provides assurance of proper

mechanical tolerances, and thus connector performance, but can also indicate situations where the potential for damage to another connector may exist.

ECal modules can be damaged if you apply excessive torque to the connectors. See Table 4-1 on page 4-21 for required torque settings.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-19

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Preparing ECal for Use Operating and Safety Precautions

Input Power Level

Before performing a calibration, make sure the input power and DC levels do not exceed the values indicated in Table 2-18.

Table 2-18 Input Power Limits <<DELETE THIS TEXT & Duplicate table Below for 8509xD

<SHP>>>

Parameter

Typical Maximum Input Power (linearity)

Typical Maximum DC Level Applied to Test Port

Typical Damage Level

a. If the maximum input power is exceeded when calibrating, compression may occur. b. When using the PNA-X, the power level can be increased after calibration with minimal impact on

measurement accuracy.

c. Maximum DC level applied to test port, where Option 0DC for N469xD and N443xD is set to 0 volts.

Table 2-19 Input Power Limits

Parameter ECal Module Series

Typical Maximum Input Power (linearity)

Typical Maximum DC Level Applied to Test Port

ECal Module Series

8509xD

a, b

–5.0 dBm –15.0 dBm –5.0 dBm -7.0 dBm

±10 Volts

+10.0 dBm +10.0 dBm +10.0 dBm +20.0 dBm

N755xA N469xD N4431/2/3D

0 Volts

±10 Volts

± 3 Volts

N755xA N469xD N4431/2/3D

a, b

–15.0 dBm –5.0 dBm -7.0 dBm

0 Volts

±10 Volts

± 3 Volts

Typical Damage Level

a. If the maximum input power is exceeded when calibrating, compression may occur. b. When using the PNA-X, the power level can be increased after calibration with minimal

impact on measurement accuracy.

c. Maximum DC level applied to test port, where Option 0DC for N469xD and N443xD is set to 0

volts.

+10.0 dBm +10.0 dBm +20.0 dBm

Operating Temperature

The temperature of the ECal module must be within the following temperature range to meet the operating specifications.

— 8509xD Series: +20 °C to +26 °C and up to 95% relative humidity (RH) at

40 °C, non-condensing.

— N755xA Series: +15 °C to +35 °C and up to 75% relative humidity (RH).

— N469xD Series: +20 °C to +26 °C and up to 95% relative humidity (RH) at

40 °C, non-condensing.

2-20 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Preparing ECal for Use Operating and Safety Precautions

— N443xD Series: +20 °C to +26 °C and up to 95% relative humidity (RH) at

40 °C, non-condensing.

For more details, see “Environmental Specifications” on page 5-2.

Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide 2-21

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Preparing ECal for Use Operating and Safety Precautions

2-22 Electronic Calibration Modules Reference Guide

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Keysight Electronic Calibration Modules RF/Microwave Two Port

Reference Guide

3 Operating ECal Module

Setting Up a Calibration

Use the following procedure as a starting point for calibrating the network analyzer with an ECal module. For more detailed information about adjusting the settings of your analyzer, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help.

Understanding the ECal LEDs

The ECal module has three different LEDs that may be displayed during operation:

Table 3-1 N755xA Status LED Operation

Status LED Color Description

Off

Steady Green

Orange

a. Status LED briefly flashes orange when the ECal is first connected to an instrument while the

driver software loads.

— ECal is not connected to an

instrument or is malfunctioning.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

— ECal is connected, functioning, and

communicating normally

— ECal connected and functioning, but

is not communicating with the driver software.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

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Table 3-2 8509xD, N443xD and N469xD Status LED Operation

Status LED Color Description

Off

Orange

Steady Green

Alternating Green/Orange Flashing

— ECal is not connected to an

instrument or is malfunctioning.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

— ECal is warming up.

— ECal connected and functioning, but

is not communicating with the driver software.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

— ECal is connected, functioning,

warmed up, and communicating normally.

— ECal is too cold and unable to

regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

— Performance may be degraded

beyond specifications.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

Alternating Green/Red Flashing

—ECal is too hot and unable to

regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

— Performance may be degraded

beyond specifications.

— See also, Figure “ECal

Troubleshooting” on page 3-14.

a. Status LED briefly flashes orange when the ECal is first connected to an instrument while the

driver software loads.

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Required Procedure for All Calibrations (PNA and PXIe)

For all calibration types, complete the following steps:

1. Connect an ECal module to the analyzer having the appropriate frequency range and connector type.

2. Wait until LED turns green.

3. Set up the analyzer in the measurement configuration. Select the

frequency, power, sweep and other stimulus settings.

4. View the response (uncorrected) and optimize the analyzer settings as needed.

5. Connect the ECal module to the measurement ports.

6. Navigate to Response > Cal Wizard

7. In the Calibration Wizard: Begin Calibration window that opens, select Use Electronic Calibration (ECal), click Next, and follow the prompts.

8. When the calibration is complete, remove the ECal module, and connect

the DUT.

Excessive torque can damage ECal module connectors. See Table 4-1 on

page 4-21 for the required torque setting for each connector type.

For optimal results, terminate any unused ECal ports with a 50 ohm load.

Required Procedure for All Calibrations (ENA E5061B, E5063A, E5071C, and

E5072A)

For all calibration types, complete the following steps:

1. Connect an ECal module to the analyzer having the appropriate frequency range and connector type.

2. Wait until LED turns green.

3. Set up the analyzer in the measurement configuration. Select the

frequency, power, sweep and other stimulus settings.

4. View the response (uncorrected) and optimize the analyzer settings as needed.

5. Connect the ECal module to the measurement ports.

6. Select the channel you want to calibrate: Press Channel Next/Channel Prev keys

7. Press Cal

8. Click ECal > 1-Port Cal

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9. Perform a 1-port calibration by clicking the softkey of the selected port.

10.Refer to the ENA User’s Guide or Online Help for more details on

performing various types of 1-port calibrations. Refer to your instrument’s Online Help/User’s Guide on http://ww.keysight.com.

11.When the calibration is complete, remove the ECal module, and connect the DUT.

Excessive torque can damage ECal module connectors. See Table 4-1 on

page 4-21 for the required torque setting for each connector type.

For optimal results, terminate any unused ECal ports with a 50 ohm load.

Required Procedure for All Calibrations (FieldFox)

For all calibration types, complete the following steps:

1. Connect an ECal module to the FieldFox having the appropriate frequency range and connector type.

2. Wait until LED turns green.

3. Set up the analyzer in the measurement configuration. Select the

frequency, power, sweep and other stimulus settings.

Verify the FieldFox is set to a frequency range that is within the ECal module’s range. If the frequency start and or stop frequency are outside the range of the ECal module, the FieldFox does not recognize the ECal module.

4. View the response (uncorrected) and optimize the analyzer settings as needed.

5. Connect the ECal module to the measurement ports.

6. Set instrument to frequency range that is compatible with your ECal

module.

7. Navigate to Cal 5 > Mechanical Cal / ECal.

For each test port to be calibrated, press the Change DUT Connectors and follow the prompts.

IMPORTANT: Until the correct connector-type is selected for your ECal module, the ECal module choice(s) will not be visible in the Select CalKit table.

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Operating ECal Module Setting Up a Calibration

8. Press Change Cal Type. The connected ECal module and relevant User Characterizations will appear, with the ECal factory default as the default Cal Kit. In the Select Calkit table that opens, verify the correct ECal model is selected. If not, use the arrow keys to select the correct ECal model.

9. Press Finish

10. Press Start Calibration.

11. In the Calibration Wizard window that opens, press Measure.

12. Continue to follow the prompts for the other port and when the

calibration is complete, remove the ECal module, and connect the DUT. For more information on using an ECal module with the FieldFox, refer to the User’s Guide for your model on www.keysight.com.

Excessive torque can damage ECal module connectors. See Table 4-1 on

page 4-21 for the required torque setting for each connector type.

For optimal results, terminate any unused ECal ports with a 50 ohm load.

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Calibration Types Available

The following table contains the calibration types and advanced settings available for all compatible network analyzers:

Table 3-3 Calibration Types and Advanced Settings Available

Calibration Types Model

PNA PXIe Streamline

ENA

FieldFox

VNA

1-Port Reflection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Full 2-Port Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Full N-Port where N>2 Yes Yes Yes Yes No

Enhanced Response Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

QSOLT Yes Yes Yes No Yes

Advanced Settings

Adapter Removal Yes Yes Yes No No

Flush (zero length) THRU Yes Yes Yes No Yes

Unknown THRU Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

User-Characterization Yes Yes Yes Yes

a. ECal calibrations are not supported on the N9912A. b. FieldFox user-characterizations must be performed on a PNA or ENA. Learn more about User

Characterization at the PNA Help website: http://na.support.keysight.com/pna/help/latest/S3_-

Cals/ECal_User_Characterization.htm

Yes

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When to Correct for Isolation

Correction for isolation is a consideration when measuring high-loss devices such as saw filters or diplexers. When maximum dynamic range is required, correction for isolation can remove the errors due to crosstalk (between test ports) for transmission measurements.

When you include isolation with a two, three, or four-port calibration, the analyzer automatically applies averaging to reduce noise in the measurement. Without averaging, you will have noise in the measurement of the crosstalk, and could raise the noise floor when the analyzer uses this in its error correction.

The analyzer system isolation is normally sufficient for most measurements, and correction for it is usually unnecessary. As long as crosstalk is below the noise floor, it is best NOT to correct for isolation using ECal. As of PNA firmware release 4.26, measuring isolation as part of the ECal process is no longer supported.

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Calibration Methods for Non-Insertable Devices

A “non-insertable” device means that the measurement ports cannot be connected together to establish a THRU connection during calibration for transmission. Because the module typically forms the THRU path, you can use one of the following methods to perform a calibration for non-insertable devices:

Configure ECal Module the Same as Device

The simplest way to calibrate for non-insertable devices is to configure an ECal module with the same connector types as the DUT. RF ECal modules can be configured with mixed connectors to match the connector types on the DUT. Refer to “Models and Options” on page 1-4. You can also configure the module with different connector types by performing a User-Characterization (see below).

Use Adapter Removal Calibration

Adapter removal provides an accurate way to calibrate for non-insertable devices, but requires extra calibration steps to characterize the adapter. The adapter type used for this calibration must be a -m- to -m- or -f- to -f- and have the same connector type as the module. In addition, the module must have a male connector on one test port and a female connector on the other test port (of the same connector type).

Use Unknown Thru Calibration

Unknown Thru calibration is currently available with all PNA network analyzers except the E8801/2/3A. It is easy to perform and can be used on any two ports when using a multiport PNA. It causes minimal cable movement if the Thru standard has the same footprint as the DUT. In fact, the DUT can often be the Thru standard. A 1-port calibration is performed on both ports. The unknown Thru is connected between the two ports and measured. Next, the user must confirm the Estimated Delay. This requires knowing the phase response to within 1/4 wavelength. If the phase response is unknown, the Delay value can be measured independently and entered in the dialog box.

Perform a User-Characterization

Normally, when you perform a calibration with an ECal module, the error terms for a calibration are computed using the factory characterization (data) stored in the module. User-Characterization allows you change the characterization of the module in two ways:

— Change the connector configuration: allows you to add an adapter or fixture

to the test port of the module and embed the effects into the characterization of the module. The result of the new characterization extends the reference plane from one or more of the module’s test ports to those on the adapter (or fixture).

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— Modify the state settings: allows you to specify the number of data points

(1601 max.) or other stimulus settings the module uses to perform a calibration.

When you perform a User-Characterization, the factory characterization data remains stored in the module’s memory. At calibration, you can select the factory characterization or any of the user-defined characterizations stored in the module. The module can store up to five user-defined characterizations (in addition to the factory characterization data).

User-Characterization is currently available with PNA and PXIe. FieldFox user-characterizations must be performed on a PNA or ENA.

To perform a User-Characterization, a calibration kit (having the same connector type as the new reference plane) is required.

For detailed information on calibration methods using an PNA or PXIe series network analyzer or FieldFox, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help. To use the Internet to view the PNA or PXIe online Help, use the steps listed in “Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration” on

page 3-10.

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Operating ECal Module Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration

Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration

For detailed information on performing a calibration using an PNA or PXIe series or the FieldFox, refer to the appropriate user guide or online Help.

— To view the PNA or PXIe Help file that is embedded in the analyzer, press

the Help key on the front panel of the network analyzer.

— To view a user guide or Help file on the Internet, use the following steps:

1. Go to www.keysight.com.

2. Enter your analyzer model number (Ex: N5242A) in the search function and

click Search.

3. Click on the Manuals hyperlink.

4. Open the PDF of the User Guide or Help.

Do not perform a calibration procedure unless you have cleaned and visually inspected all connectors and have taken the necessary ESD precautions.

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Validating a Calibration

It is recommended that the Confidence Check be performed after every calibration, to verify the device is still functioning as expected.

ECal Confidence Check and System Verification do not apply to the FieldFox.

The accuracy of a completed calibration should be validated after each calibration, because the following sources of error that can invalidate it:

— damaged semiconductor devices caused by static discharge or excess high

input power

—bad cables

— dirty or worn connectors

— operator error

— measurement uncertainties from interpolation

The following paragraphs discuss two methods of validating the accuracy of a calibration:

1. Performing the ECal module’s ECal Confidence Check.

2. Performing the analyzer’s System Verification Procedure using standards

in a Keysight verification kit.

Which method you choose depends largely on the level of accuracy required and the availability of a Keysight verification kit.

ECal Confidence Check – Basic Validation of the Calibration

It is recommended that the Confidence Check be performed after every calibration, to verify the device is still functioning as expected.

The ECal Confidence Check allows you to measure an impedance state in the ECal module – called the confidence state – and compare your measurement data with factory measurement data stored in ECal memory (of the same confidence state). The ECal Confidence Check overlays the two measurement traces so that the differences between your data and the factory data can be easily viewed.

— The ECal Confidence Check provides a basic validation that you have

completed the ECal calibration correctly and that the calibration is activated.

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— The ECal Confidence Check is not a method for system verification. The

ECal Confidence Check’s impedance state physically shares some of the same hardware as the ECal calibration impedance states. System verification requires a verification kit because it has devices that are physically different from those in a calibration kit.

— Keysight recommends that upon receipt of a new ECal module, you perform

the ECal Confidence Check and save the measurement results as a baseline for future reference.

— Periodically, it is recommended that additional ECal confidence checks be

performed and the test results compared to the baseline data.

— The interpretation of how much variation is acceptable between your data

and the factory data is determined by your level of confidence in the calibration, based on your historical records of baseline data.

Before performing the ECal Confidence Check, the analyzer must be calibrated and the calibration type should be appropriate for the measurement being made. For example, you cannot measure the confidence state with an S22 measurement if an S11 1-port calibration is active.

For optimal results, terminate any unused ECal ports with a 50 ohm load.

For detailed information on performing an ECal Confidence Check using a ENA, PNA, or PXIe series instruments, refer to the appropriate online Help. To use the Internet to view the ENA, PNA, or PXIe online Help, use the steps listed in “Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration” on page 3-10.

System Verification Procedure – Traceable Accuracy Validation of the Calibrated Measurement System

ECal Confidence Check and System Verification do not apply to the FieldFox.

This method of validating the calibration requires a Keysight verification kit.

Using your analyzer’s built-in System Verification Procedure to measure the standards in a Keysight verification kit provides a traceable accuracy validation of your calibrated measurement system. Following the measurement of each standard, the System Verification Procedure provides a pass/fail result, determining if your calibration provides measurements that meet the limits of uncertainty.

— The analyzer’s built-in System Verification Procedure provides a traceable

accuracy validation that you have completed the ECal calibration correctly and that the limits of uncertainty are met.

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Operating ECal Module Validating a Calibration

— The System Verification Procedure is also a method for verifying the

performance of your analyzer.

— Verification kits use accurately known standards with well defined

magnitude and phase response. These kits include precision airlines, mismatch airlines, and precision fixed attenuators.

— Each verification kit standard is measured precisely by Keysight’s accredited

test laboratory. The measurement data and uncertainty of each standard are provided in each kit on a disk or USB storage drive.

— Verification kits may be re-certified by Keysight. Contact Keysight for

information about ordering verification kits - see “Contacting Keysight” on

page 1-29.

For detailed information on using your analyzer’s built-in System Verification Procedure, refer to the appropriate service guide or online Help. To use the internet to view the ENA, PNA, or PXIe online Help, use the steps listed in

“Finding More Information on Performing a Calibration” on page 3-10.

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Operating ECal Module ECal Troubleshooting

ECal Troubleshooting

Table 3-4 8509xD, N469xD/N443xD Troubleshooting

LED Color Description Possible Causes Solutions

Orange

Alternating Green/Orange Flashing

Alternating Green/Red Flashing

Off

ECal is connected and functioning, but is not communicating with driver software.

ECal is too cold and unable to regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

ECal is too hot and unable to regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

The ECal is not functioning.

ECal module is connected to an instrument (or PC) without the appropriate driver software installed.

Faulty instrument USB port Connect to a different USB port on the

Faulty USB cable Connect via a different USB cable.

Faulty USB hub Connect ECal directly to a USB port on

ECal is too cold and unable to regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

ECal is too hot and unable to regulate internal temperature to setpoint.

ECal is not connected to instrument. Double check the USB connectors are

Faulty instrument USB port Connect to a different USB port on the

Connect the ECal module to a compatible instrument.

Ensure that the instrument software is up to date.

instrument.

the instrument.

Move ECal to a warmer location. Refer to “Environmental Specifications”

on page 5-2.

Move ECal to a cooler location. Refer to

“Environmental Specifications” on page 5-2.

firmly inserted.

instrument.

Faulty USB cable Connect via a different USB cable.

Faulty USB hub Connect ECal directly to a USB port on

the instrument.

Faulty ECal module Return to Keysight for service. Refer to

Chapter 1, “Service and

Recertification” on page 1-29.

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Operating ECal Module ECal Troubleshooting

Table 3-5 N755xA Troubleshooting

LED Color Description Possible Causes Solutions

Orange

Off

ECal is connected and functioning, but is not communicating with driver software.

The ECal is not functioning.

ECal module is connected to an instrument (or PC) without the appropriate driver software installed.

Faulty instrument USB port Connect to a different USB port on the

Faulty USB cable Connect via a different USB cable.

Faulty USB hub Connect ECal directly to a USB port on

ECal is not connected to instrument. Double check the USB connectors are

Faulty instrument USB port Connect to a different USB port on the

Faulty USB cable Connect via a different USB cable.

Faulty USB hub Connect ECal directly to a USB port on

Faulty ECal module Return to Keysight for service. Refer to

Connect the ECal module to a compatible instrument.

Ensure that the instrument software is up to date.

instrument.

the instrument.

firmly inserted.

instrument.

the instrument.

Chapter 1, “Service and

Recertification” on page 1-29.

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Keysight Electronic Calibration Modules RF/Microwave Two Port

Reference Guide

4 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Electrostatic Discharge

Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is essential while connecting, inspecting, or cleaning devices attached to static-sensitive circuits (such as those found in network analyzers and ECal modules).

Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal circuit elements when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage. Devices such as calibration components and devices under test (DUTs), can also carry an electrostatic charge. To prevent damage to network analyzer components and devices:

— always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MΩ resistor in series with it

when handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set.

— always use a grounded, conductive table mat while making connections. — always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor. If

you are uncertain about the conductivity of your floor, wear a heel strap.

— always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to

a static-sensitive device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the test port or cable connector briefly.

— always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a

connection to the analyzer test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:

1. Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center conductor to the outer conductor.

2. While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.

3. Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.

4. Remove the short from the cable.

For parts numbers for ESD protection supplies, refer to “Other ECal

Accessories” on page 6-12.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Electrostatic Discharge

Figure 4-1 ESD Protection Using Mat, Wrist Strap, and Grounded Power Cord

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Visual Inspection

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Visual Inspection

Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is made. Metal particles from the connector threads may fall into the connector when it is disconnected.

Devices with damaged connectors should immediately be discarded or clearly marked and set aside for repair. A damaged device will in turn damage any good connector to which it is attached. Try to determine the cause of the damage before connecting a new, undamaged connector in the same configuration.

Magnification is helpful when inspecting connectors, but it is not required and may actually be misleading. Defects and damage that cannot be seen without magnification generally have no effect on electrical or mechanical performance. Magnification is of great use in analyzing the nature and cause of damage and in cleaning connectors, but it is not required for inspection.

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First

Examine the connectors first for obvious defects and damage: badly worn plating on the connector interface, deformed threads, or bent, broken, or misaligned center conductors.

What Causes Connector Wear?

Connector wear is caused by connecting and disconnecting the devices. The more use the device gets, the faster it wears and degrades. The wear is greatly accelerated when connectors are not kept clean, or are not properly connected. This is especially true with electrically characterized devices such as ECal modules. ECal modules should have a long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week.

The test port connectors on the network analyzer may have many connections each day, and are therefore more subject to wear. It is recommended that an adapter be used as a test port saver to minimize the wear on the connectors. Replace devices with worn connectors.

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces

Uniform contact between the connectors at all points on their mating plane surfaces is required for a good connection. See Figure 4-2 for an example of locations of mating plane surfaces. Look especially for deep scratches or dents, and for dirt and metal particles on the connector mating plane surfaces. Also look for signs of damage due to excessive or uneven wear or misalignment.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Visual Inspection

Figure 4-2 Type-N Connector Pin Depth and Mating Surfaces

Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches or shallow circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane surface. Other small defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal. None of these affect electrical or mechanical performance. If a connector shows deep scratches or dents, particles clinging to the mating plane surfaces, or uneven wear, clean and inspect it again.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Inspect Female Connectors

Inspect Female Connectors

When using slotless connectors like the 3.5 mm or some Type-N 50 Ω female connectors, pay special attention to the contact fingers on the female center conductor. These can be bent or broken, and damage to them is not always easy to see. A connector with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and must be repaired or replaced.

Due to the tighter mechanical specifications of precision devices, inspection is particularly important when you are mating nonprecision to precision devices.

When a 3.5 mm female connector’s contact fingers are bent or broken, you can perform a self-repair on the inner contacts by using a connector repair kit.

The 3.5 mm Connector Repair Kit (for ordering information, refer to “Contacting Keysight”

on page 1-29 https://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/N4431-90013.pdf).

), Installation Note (refer to

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Cleaning Connectors

Cleaning Connectors

Clean connector interfaces prolong connector life and produce more accurate and repeatable measurements.

Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or nitrogen.

The following cleaning procedure can be used for most coaxial connectors.

Cleaning Coax Connectors

1. Use compressed Air or Nitrogen

Use compressed air (or nitrogen) to loosen particles on the connector mating plane surfaces.

You can use any source of clean, dry, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen that has an effective oil-vapor filter and liquid condensation trap placed just before the outlet hose.

Ground the hose nozzle to prevent electrostatic discharge, and set the air pressure to less than 414 kPa (60 psi) to control the velocity of the air stream. High-velocity streams of compressed air can cause electrostatic effects when directed into a connector. These electrostatic effects can damage the device. For additional information refer to “Electrostatic

Discharge” on page 4-1 earlier in this chapter.

Keep isopropyl alcohol away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a tightly closed container. Isopropyl alcohol is extremely flammable. In case of fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; water may be ineffective. Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. It causes skin irritation, may cause eye damage, and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It may be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly after handling. In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth. Flush spill area with water. Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local environmental regulation.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Cleaning Connectors

2. Clean the Connector Threads

Use ONLY isopropyl alcohol to clean connector surfaces. Any other solvent may damage the insulators, support beads, and seals in the connector.

Never immerse the connector in solvents of any kind. The solvent can become trapped within the assembly and cause SWR, phase, and insertion loss problems.

Moisten (don’t soak) a lint-free swab or cleaning cloth with isopropyl alcohol to remove any dirt or stubborn contaminants that cannot be removed with compressed air or nitrogen. Refer to “Other ECal

Accessories” on page 6-12 for cleaning swabs and other connector

cleaning supplies.

a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free swab.

b. Clean the connector threads.

c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle

stream of clean, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you reassemble or use it.

3. Clean the Mating Plane Surfaces

a. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a new lint-free

cleaning cloth or swab.

b. Clean the center and outer conductor mating plane surfaces. Refer

to Figure 4-2 on page 4-4. When cleaning a female connector; use short strokes to avoid snagging the swab on the center conductor contact fingers.

c. Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the mating plane surface dry

with a gentle stream of clean, low-pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you reassemble or use it.

4. Inspect Each Connector

Inspect the connector to make sure that no particles or residue are present.

Cleaning 7 mm Connectors

Cleaning the Center Collet While It Is in Place

You do not have to remove the center conductor collet to clean a precision 7 mm connector.

With the center collet in place:

1. Place a lint-free cleaning cloth ﬂat on a table.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Cleaning Connectors

2. Dispense a drop or two of isopropyl alcohol in the center of the cloth.

3. Retract the connector sleeve threads to expose the connector interface.

4. Gently press the contact end of the connector into the moistened cloth

and rotate the connector. The cloth scrubs away dirt on the connector interface without damaging it.

5. Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of compressed air or nitrogen.

6. When not in use, keep the cloth in a plastic bag or box so that it does not collect dust or dirt.

For ﬁxed connectors (i.e., connectors attached to a device that cannot be freely moved):

1. Fold a lint-free cleaning cloth several times.

2. Moisten the cloth with isopropyl alcohol.

3. Press the moistened cloth against the connector interface and rotate the

cloth to clean the connector.

4. Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of compressed air or nitrogen.

Cleaning a Removed Center Collet

Any time you remove the center conductor collet, clean and inspect the interior surfaces as described in “Visual Inspection” on page 4-3.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors

Gaging Connectors

The gages available from Keysight Technologies are intended for preventive maintenance and troubleshooting purposes only. They are effective in detecting excessive center conductor protrusion or recession, and conductor damage on DUTs, test accessories, and ECal module test ports. Do not use the gages for precise pin depth measurements.

Connector Gage Accuracy

The connector gages are only capable of performing coarse measurements. They do not provide the degree of accuracy necessary to precisely measure the pin depth. This is partially due to the repeatability uncertainties that are associated with pin-depth measurements.

With proper technique, the gages are useful in detecting gross pin depth errors on device connectors. To achieve maximum accuracy, random errors must be reduced by taking the average of at least three measurements having different gage orientations on the connector. Even the resultant average can be in error by as much as ±0.0001 inch (±0.0025 mm) due to systematic (biasing) errors usually resulting from worn gages and gage masters. The information in

“Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-26 assumes new gages and gage

masters. Therefore, these systematic errors were not included in the uncertainty analysis. As the gages endure more use, the systematic errors can become more significant in the accuracy of the measurement.

The measurement uncertainties are primarily a function of the assembly materials and design, and the unique interaction each device type has with the gage. Therefore, these uncertainties can vary among the different devices.

The observed pin depth limits add in these uncertainties to the typical factory pin depth values to provide practical limits that can be referenced when using the gages.

When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three or more measurements) contains measurement uncertainty and is not necessarily the true value. Always compare the measured value with

observed pin depth limits (which account for measurement

the uncertainties) in “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-26 to evaluate the condition of device connectors.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors

When to Gage Connectors

Gage a connector at the following times:

— Prior to using an ECal module for the first time: record the pin depth

measurement so that it can be compared with future readings. This serves as a good troubleshooting tool when you suspect damage may have occurred to the device.

— If either visual inspection or electrical performance suggests that the

connector interface may be out of typical range (due to wear or damage, for example).

— If a module is used by someone else, or on another system or piece of

equipment.

— Initially after every 100 connections, and after that as often as experience

suggests.

When using the 7 mm ECal Kit module, you must remove the 7 mm collet before gaging the pin depth of the connectors. Refer to “Gaging

Connectors” on page 4-9 for gaging instructions. Use the collet extraction

tool provided in your 7 mm kit to remove the collet.

Recognizing Gage Types

A gage is referred to by the sex of the connector it measures. For example, a male gage measures male connectors and therefore has a corresponding female connector.

— See Figure 4-3 on page 4-11 for an illustration of a typical gage for

3.5 mm, 2.92mm, 2.4 mm, and 1.85 mm connectors.

— See Figure 4-4 on page 4-12 for an illustration of a typical gage for Type-N

connectors.

— See Figure 4-5 on page 4-13 for an illustration of a typical gage for 7 mm

connectors.

A 3.5 mm gage set can measure 3.5 mm and 2.92 mm connectors. And, a

2.4 mm gage set can measure 2.4 mm and 1.85 mm connectors.

Reading the Connector Gage

The gage dial is divided up into increments of 0.0001 inch (0.0025 mm) and major divisions of 0.001 inch (0.0025 mm). For Type-N gages, see Figure 4-4

on page 4-12. For each revolution of the large dial, the smaller dial indicates a

change of 0.01 inch (0.025 mm). Use the small dial as the indicator of multiples of 0.01 inch (0.0025 mm). In most connector measuring applications, this value will be zero.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors

When making a measurement, the gage dial indicator will travel in one of two directions. If the center conductor is recessed from the zero reference plane, the indicator will move counterclockwise to determine the amount of recession, which is read as a negative value. If center conductor protrudes, the indicator will move clockwise to measure the amount of protrusion, which is read as a positive value. Refer to “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-26 for definitions of protrusion and recession.

Figure 4-3 Typical Gage: 1.85 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.92 mm, and 3.5 mm Connectors

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Figu re 4-4 Typical Gage: Type-N Connectors

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors

Figure 4-5 Typical Gage: 7 mm Connectors

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Gaging Procedures

For 7 mm connectors, you must remove the collet with the collet extractor tool prior to performing pin depth measurements.

Zeroing Connector Gages

For Type-N gages, the paired gage master is labeled with an offset value to compensate for its inaccuracy with its gage. This label appears on the bottom of all Type-N gage masters that have been paired with gages. When setting a Type-N gage with its master, always set the gage to the master offset value shown on the label, not to the zero, unless that is the offset value indicated.

The design of the gages used to measure 3.5 mm, 2.92 mm, 2.4 mm, and

1.85 mm connectors are different than the Type-N gage design. The primary

difference is that the Type-N gages require an offset to compensate for inaccuracies in the gage masters.

1. Select the proper gage for your connector. Always use gages that are intended for pin depth measurements. Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable

Parts.” for gage model numbers listed with the associated connector

types.

2. Inspect and clean the gage, gage master, and device to be gaged. Refer to

“Visual Inspection” on page 4-3 and “Cleaning Connectors” on page 4-6.

Before continuing, make sure you are familiar with the proper connection and torque techniques for your connector type. Refer to “Making

Connections” on page 4-17.

3. While holding the gage by the barrel, attach the gage to the gage master. Connect the gage master finger tight. Do not overtighten.

4. Use the torque wrench recommended for use with your connector type to tighten the connecting nut to the gage master. Refer to Table 4-1 on

page 4-21.

5. Type-N: Loosen the dial lock screw on the gage and rotate the gage dial so that the pointer corresponds to the correction value noted on the gage master. Do not adjust the gage dial to zero unless the correction value on the gage master is zero.

1.85/2.4/2.92/3.5/7 mm: The gage pointer should line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage. If not, adjust the zero set knob or rotate the gage dial until the gage pointer lines up exactly with zero.

6. Tighten the dial lock screw and remove the gage master.

7. Attach and torque the gage master once again to verify that the setting is

repeatable. Remove the gage master.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors

Gaging Technique

1. Connect and torque the device being measured to the gage.

2. Gently tap the barrel of the gage with your finger to settle the gage

reading.

3. Type-N and 7 mm: Read the gage indicator dial. If the needle has moved clockwise, the center conductor is protruding by an amount indicated by the black numbers. If the needle has moved counterclockwise, the center conductor is recessed by an amount indicated by the red numbers. For more on 7 mm connectors, See also, “Gaging Technique–7 mm Gage” on

page 4-16.

1.85/2.4/2.92/3.5 mm: Read the gage indicator dial. Read only the black ± signs; not the red ± signs.

4. For maximum accuracy, measure the connector a minimum of three times and take an average of the readings. After each measurement, rotate the gage a quarter-turn to reduce measurement variations that result from the gage or the connector face not being exactly perpendicular to the center axis.

5. Compare the average reading with the observed pin depth limits in the tables located in “Typical Pin Depth Values” on page 5-26 for each type of connector.

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Gaging Technique–7 mm Gage

You must remove the collet with the collet extractor tool prior to performing pin depth measurements.

Figure 4-6 Using a 7 mm Gage

While performing pin depth measurements, use different orientations of the gage with the connector. Average a minimum of three readings, each taken after a quarter-turn rotation of the gage, to reduce measurement variations that result from the gage or the connector face not being exactly perpendicular to the center axis.

To zero a gauge, review the instructions in “Zeroing Connector Gages” on

page 4-14.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Making Connections

Making Connections

Good connections are essential for accurate calibrations and measurements and require a skilled operator. The most common cause of measurement

error is poor connections.

1.85 mm, 3.5 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.92 mm, and Type-N Devices

1. Handle the devices at a static-safe work station, only. See “Electrostatic

Discharge” on page 4-1.

2. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically into the contact finger of the female connector.

Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.

3. Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight. Do not twist or screw the connector together. As the center conductors mate, there is usually a slight resistance

4. The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make uniform, light contact. Do not overtighten this connection.

A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.

5. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the connection from long or heavy devices or cables.

6. Torque the connection according to the procedures described in “Final

Connection Using a Torque Wrench” on page 4-18.

7 mm Devices

Fully extend the connector sleeve on one of the connectors and fully retract the sleeve on the other. The extended sleeve creates a cylinder into which the second connector ﬁts.

If one of the connectors is ﬁxed (as on a test port), fully extend that connector sleeve (spin its knurled connector nut to make sure the threads are fully extended). Fully retract the connector sleeve on the other connector.

1. Handle the devices at a static-safe work station, only. See “Electrostatic

Discharge” on page 4-1.

2. Remove the 7 mm collet from the center conductor with the collet extractor tool.1.Remove the 7 mm collet from the center conductor with the collet extractor tool.

3. Carefully align the connectors.

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Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices Making Connections

4. As you bring one connector up to the other, and as you make the actual connection, be sure the connectors align perfectly.

5. Push the connectors straight together. Do not twist or screw them together.

6. Engage the connector nut over the threads on the second connector. Turn only the connector nut. Let the connector nut pull the two connectors straight together.

7. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically into the contact finger of the female connector.

IMPORTANT! At this point, you want a connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating surfaces. This requires very light finger pressure.

8. Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight. Do not twist or screw the connector together. As the center conductors mate, there is usually a slight resistance

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench

Using a torque wrench guarantees the connection is not too tight, preventing possible connector damage. It also guarantees that all connections are equally tight.

Use the recommended torque wrench to make a final connection. Table 4-1 on

page 4-21 provides information on the torque wrench recommended for use

with each connector type.

1. Turn the connector nut. This may be possible to do by hand if one of the connectors is fixed (as on a test port). However, it is recommended that you use an open-end wrench to keep the body of the device from turning.

2. Position both wrenches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force. Wrenches opposing each other (greater than 90 degrees apart) will cause a lifting action that can misalign and stress the connections of the device involved. This is especially true when several devices are connected together. Refer to Figure 4-7.

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