Keysight N2831A User Guide

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Keysight N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ Probes

User’s Guide

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Notices

CAUTION

WARNING

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Keysight Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Manual Part Number

N2830-97012

Edition

Thirteenth Edition, November 2020

Published by: Keysight Technologies, Inc. 1900 Garden of the Gods Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA

Warranty

The material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Keysight disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Keysight and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is "commercial computer software," as defined by Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR") 2.101. Pursuant to FAR 12.212 and

27.405-3 and Department of Defense FAR Supplement ("DFARS") 227.7202, the U.S. government acquires commercial computer software under the same terms by which the software is customarily provided to the public. Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software to U.S. government customers under its standard commercial license, which is embodied in its End User License Agreement (EULA), a copy of which can be found at

http://www.keysight.com/find/sweula. The

license set forth in the EULA represents the exclusive authority by which the U.S. government may use, modify, distribute, or disclose the Software. The EULA and the license set forth therein, does not require or permit, among other things, that Keysight: (1) Furnish technical information related to commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation that is not customarily provided to the public; or (2) Relinquish to, or otherwise provide, the government rights in excess of these rights customarily provided to the public to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation. No additional government requirements beyond those set forth in the EULA shall apply, except to the extent that those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly required from all providers of commercial computer software pursuant to the FAR and the DFARS and are set forth specifically in writing elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall be under no obligation to update, revise or otherwise modify the Software. With respect to any technical data as defined by FAR

2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS 227.7102, the U.S. government acquires no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR

27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5 (c), as applicable in any technical data. 52.227-14 (June 1987) or DFAR 252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAU- TION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

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Contents

1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 5

2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 41

Inspecting the Probe and Its Accessories 6 Introduction 9 Compatible Oscilloscopes 15 To Avoid Damaging the Probe 17 To Ensure Maximum Measurement Accuracy 22 To Use InfiniiMode 23 To Probe Ungrounded Devices 26 To Probe Single-Ended Signals with a Differential Head 27 To Measure Small Signals on a Large DC Level 28 Slew Rate Requirements for Different Technologies 31 Available Accessories 33 Safety Information 36 Service 39

Recommended Configurations at a Glance 42 N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92 mm/3.5 mm/SMA Probe Head 44 N5439A InfiniiMax III ZIF Probe Head 47 N5445A InfiniiMax III Differential Browser Probe Head 53 MX0109A and N2836A InfiniiMode Solder-In Heads 59 N5441A InfiniiMax III Solder-In Head (discontinued) 65 N2848A QuickTip InfiniiMode Probe Head 68 N2835A InfiniiMax III+ Differential Connectivity Kit and Accessories 72 Strain Relieving the Probe Heads 74 Soldering Tips 76

3 Maintaining Probe Heads 77

Replacing Axial Resistor Tips 78 Replacing N5441A Probe Head Wires 82

4 Calibration / Deskew Procedure 87

Procedure 88

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5 Specifications and Characteristics 95

InfiniiMax III+ Warranted Specifications 96 N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3A Probe Amplifiers Characteristics 97 N7000A/1A/2A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads Characteristics 99 N2830/1/2A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads Characteristics 100 Environmental 102 Safety and Regulatory Information 103 Probe Dimensions 104 Probe Heads Dimensions 105

6Performance Plots 109

InfiniiMax III+ Probe System Responses 110 N2848A QuickTip Head with N2849A QuickTip 113 N2836A and MX0109A Solder-In Probe Heads (Flat Orientation) 114

7 Performance Verification for N2830A-Series Probes 117

Bandwidth Performance Verification 118 DC Input Resistance Performance Verification 135 Performance Test Record 137

8 Performance Verification for N7000-Series Probes 139

Bandwidth Performance Verification 140 DC Input Resistance Performance Verification 149 Performance Test Record 151

9SPICE Models 153

N2848A QuickTip Head with N2849A QuickTip Tip 154 N5439A ZIF Probe Head with N5440A ZIF Tip 155 N5439A ZIF Probe Head with N2838A ZIF Tip 156 MX0109A and N2836A 26 GHz Solder-In Probe Heads 157 N5441A 16 GHz Solder-In Probe Head 158 N5445A Browser Probe Head 159 N5444A SMA Probe Head 161

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Keysight InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

User’s Guide

1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series

Probes

This user’s guide covers the N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ series differential probes that are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Inspecting the Probe and Its Accessories

The N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ probes are shipped with a case, calibration information, probe handling guide, and probe information card that are shown in Figure 2 on page 7 or Figure 3 on page 8. Most, but not all, of the shipped items are shown in these figures. After opening the case, lift out the foam cutout and flip the cutout over to reveal an calibration envelope and a handling guide.

When you receive your probe, check the following items:

• Inspect the shipping container for damage.

Keep the damaged shipping container or cushioning material until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the probe has been checked mechanically and electrically.

• Check the accessories.

• If the contents are incomplete or damaged, notify your Keysight Technologies Sales Office.

• Inspect the probe. If there is mechanical damage or defect, or if the probe does not operate properly or pass calibration tests, notify your Keysight Technologies Sales Office.

If the shipping container is damaged, or the cushioning materials show signs of stress, notify the carrier as well as your Keysight Technologies Sales Office. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection. The Keysight Technologies office will arrange for repair or replacement at Keysight Technologies’ option without waiting for claim settlement.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Figure 2 N2830A-Series Probe and Accessories in Supplied Case

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 3 N7000A-Series Probe and Accessories in Supplied Case

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Introduction

WARNING

CAUTION

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

The InfiniiMax III and III+ Probing System Family Diagram, Figure 4 on page 10, shows compatible oscilloscopes, probes, and probe heads. The

connect to the oscilloscope using a precision-BNC connection (AutoProbe 1). N7000/1/2/3A probes connect to the oscilloscope using a 3.5 mm connection (AutoProbe

2).

Figure 5 on page 11 and Figure 6 on page 12 identify most of the probe parts.

N2830/1/2A probes

The

Table 1 Probe Bandwidths

AutoProbe 1 (Precision BNC)

Scope Connection

Probe Bandwidth Probe Bandwidth

N2832A 13 GHz N7003A 20 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

N2830A 4 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N7000A 8 GHz

Both the

InfiniiMax III+ N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A probes support InfiniiMode

AutoProbe 2 (3.5 mm)

Scope Connection

when using the N2848A QuickTip probe head, MX0109A Extreme Temperature Solder-in head, N2836A Solder-in head or N5444A 2.92 mm/SMA head. InfiniiMode allows you to switch between differential, single-ended, and common mode measurements without needing to change or reconnect the probe or probe leads. Switching measurements is accomplished using the oscilloscope’s probe configuration dialog box. For more information, refer to “To Use InfiniiMode" on page 23.

Before using the probe, refer to “Safety Information" on page 36.

Probe heads

Before you can use the probe, you must connect one of the available probe heads that are shown in Figure 4 on page 10 and documented in Chapter 2, “Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads". These probe heads are also compatible with the InfiniiMax III N2800A-series probes.

Before using the probes, refer to “To Avoid Damaging the Probe" on page 17.

Differential probe heads offer easy measurement of differential signals and greatly improve the measurement of single-ended signals. Single-ended probe heads offer extremely small size for probing single-ended signals in confined spaces.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 4 InfiniiMax III and III+ Family Diagram with Compatible Scopes and Probe Heads

(not to scale)

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Figure 5 N2830/1/2A Probes

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 6 N7000/1/2/3A Probes

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AutoProbe Interface Connectors

Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the AutoProbe interface connectors that connect the

probes to the oscilloscope. The N2830/1/2A probes use the AutoProbe I interface which connects to precision BNC oscilloscope channel inputs. It is compatible with Infiniium oscilloscopes such as the S-series. Of course, the probe model must be also supported by the oscilloscope software.

The N7000/1/2/3A probes use the AutoProbe II 3.5 mm interface, which is compatible with 90000 Q/V/X/Z-series oscilloscopes without the use of an adapter

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Figure 7 N2830/1/2A’s AutoProbe I Interface Connector

Figure 8 N7000/1/2/3A’s AutoProbe II Interface Connector

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WARNING

Voltage Limits

The N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A probes are designed for Measurement Category I (CAT I). Measurement Category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to a mains supply. Observe the following voltage limits:

Maximum AC at probe tips: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5V

Maximum DC at probe tips: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .±18V

Always observe the ESD, temperature, maximum voltage, and maximum terminal voltages listed on the probe labels.

N7000/1/2/3A probe buttons

Press the Menu button to bring up the oscilloscope’s Probe dialog box.

When using the N5445A browser head, press the Light button to turn on and off the browser’s LED headlight. Pressing and holding this button will ramp the intensity of the LED headlights so that you can adjust the brightness to accommodate different lighting or glare conditions.

rms

Figure 9 Buttons on 7000/1/2/3A Probe

Cleaning the probe

If the probe requires cleaning, disconnect it from the oscilloscope and clean it with a soft cloth dampened with a mild soap and water solution. Make sure the probe is completely dry before reconnecting it to the oscilloscope.

Channel identification rings

When multiple probes are connected to the oscilloscope, use the channel identification rings to associate the channel inputs with each probe. Place one colored ring near the probe’s channel connector and place an identical color ring near the probe head.

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Compatible Oscilloscopes

The N2830/1/2A probe’s precision BNC AutoProbe I interface connects directly to the S-series oscilloscope.

• Use an N5442A adapter to connect to series 90000 Q, V, X, and Z-series Infiniium oscilloscopes.

• Use an N1022B adapter to connect to the 86100D oscilloscope.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

• Use an N5442A (50

Ω) / N5449A (1M Ω) AutoProbe I to II adapter connected to

the N2852A AutoProbe II to AutoProbe III Interface adapter to connect to the UXR-series (40 - 110 GHz) Infiniium oscilloscope.

Table 2 N2830A-Series Probes and Compatible Infiniium Oscilloscopes

Oscilloscope Adapter(s) Required Minimum Required Firmware

Version

90000 Q, V, X, and Z-Series N5442A 5.00

S-Series none 5.00

86100C/D Series N1022A/B —

UXR-Series (13-33GHz) N5442A (50 Ω) adapter 10.0

UXR-Series (40GHz or higher) N5442A (50 Ω) adapter

cascaded with the N2852A adapter

10.10

The N7000/1/2/3A probe’s AutoProbe II interface connects directly to 90000 Q, V, X, Z-series, and UXR-series (13 - 33 GHz) Infiniium oscilloscopes.

• Use an N5477A adapter to connect to the 86100D oscilloscope.

• Use an N2852A AutoProbe II to AutoProbe III Interface adapter to connect to the UXR-series (40 - 110 GHz) Infiniium oscilloscope.

Table 3 N7000A-Series Probes and Compatible Infiniium Oscilloscopes

Oscilloscope Adapter Required Minimum Required Firmware

Version

90000 Q, V, X, Z-Series none 5.50

86100C/D Series N5477A —

UXR-Series (13-33GHz) none 10.0

UXR-Series (40GHz or higher) N2852A 10.10

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The N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A probes are not compatible with Infiniium 9000 Series, InfiniiVision and any old generation Keysight, Agilent, or HP oscilloscopes.

Is your oscilloscope software up-to-date?

Keysight periodically releases software updates to support your probe, fix known defects, and incorporate product enhancements. To download the latest firmware, go to www.Keysight.com and search for your oscilloscope’s model number. Click on the “Drivers, Firmware & Software” tab under the Technical Support link.

86100C/D sampling oscilloscope

The probes can be used with the 86100C/D sampling scope with degraded performance, depending on the probe head used. Use only in differential 1x mode (10:1 attenuation). For N2830/1/2A probes, use the N1022B adapter. For N7000/1/2/3A probes, use the N5477A adapter.

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To Avoid Damaging the Probe

CAUTION

In this section, you’ll learn to properly handle your probes to prevent damage and maintain high performance. For more safe-handling information, go to

http://www.keysight.com/find/esd-best-practices-demo,.

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can quickly and imperceptibly damage or destroy high-performance probes, resulting in costly repairs. Always wear a wrist strap when handling probe components.

Probes are sensitive devices and should be treated with care. Do not bend or kink the probe amplifier cable. Do not drop heavy objects on the probe, drop the probe from large heights, spill liquids on the probe, etc. Any of these examples can significantly degrade the performance of the probe.

When storing the probe, it is best to coil the cable in a large radius and avoid a net twist in the cable during the process. This can be done in a similar manner to how garden hoses or extension cords are typically coiled.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

InfiniiMax I and II probe heads cannot be used with Infiniimax III+ probe amplifiers and InfiniiMax III+ probe heads cannot be used with InfiniiMax I and II amplifiers.

Never allow the probe head to be connected to the probe amplifer, if the probe amplifier is not connected to the oscilloscope channel.

Always disconnect an N2836A or N5441A solder-in probe head from the probe amplifier before unsoldering, moving to a new position, and resoldering the head.

Using a static-safe work station

InfiniiMax probes and accessories are ESD sensitive devices and should be treated with care. Before using or handling the probe or accessories, always wear a grounded ESD wrist strap and ensure that cables and probe heads are discharged before being connected.

All work, including connecting probe amplifiers to the oscilloscope, should be performed at a static-safe work station as shown in Figure 10.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 10 Static-Safe Work Station

Many scopes including Keysight's 90000X or V series have a front-panel ground socket. You can plug the wrist strap into the ground socket as seen in the following picture.

Figure 11 Wrist Strap Connected to Oscilloscope Ground Socket

The static-safe work station shown in Figure 10 uses two types of ESD protection:

• Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.

• Conductive floor-mat and heel-strap combination.

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Both types, when used together, provide a significant level of ESD protection. Of

WARNING

CAUTION

the two, only the table-mat and wrist-strap combination provides adequate ESD protection when used alone. To ensure user safety, the static-safe accessories must provide at least 1 MW of isolation from ground. Purchase acceptable ESD accessories from your local supplier.

These techniques for a static-safe work station should not be used when working on circuitry with a voltage potential greater than 500 volts.

Safely connecting the probe to an oscilloscope

To protect against ESD damage, always use the four steps shown in Figure 12 on page 20 when connecting your probe to the oscilloscope.

When connecting a probe head to a probe amplifier, push straight in. When disconnecting a probe head from an amplifier, pull the probe head connectors straight out of the sockets. Never bend the probe head in order to pry it loose from the amplifier. Also, do not wiggle the probe head up and down or twist it to remove the connectors from the sockets. This can damage the pins in the amplifier or the probe head itself.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Probing the DUT

When making your measurements, you’ll often need to probe different locations on the DUT. You can safely move any of the following probe heads without having to first break the amplifier-to-head connection:

• N5445A differential browser head

• N5439A ZIF head

• N5444A 2.92 mm/3.5 mm/SMA head

• N2848A QuickTip InfiniiMode head

The only exception is when the DUT is not grounded to the oscilloscope via the AC mains ground. In this case, connect the DUT ground to the oscilloscope ground before moving the probe. An example of a device having a floating ground would be a battery-powered DUT.

When probing with an MX0109A, N2836A or N5441A, always disconnect the probe head from the amplifier before unsoldering, moving to a new position, and resoldering the head. This is because some soldering-iron tips can hold a charge which can damage the probe amplifier.

When probing with an N2848A, always disconnect the probe head from probe tip before unsoldering, moving to a new position, and resoldering the tip. This is because some soldering-iron tips can hold a charge which can damage the probe amplifier.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 12 Connecting the Probe to the Oscilloscope

Safely disconnecting the probe from an oscilloscope

Always disconnect the probe head from the probe amplifier before:

• disconnecting the probe amplifier from the oscilloscope.

• switching the probe amplifier from one oscilloscope channel to another.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

CAUTION

Never allow the probe head to be connected to the probe amplifier, if the probe amplifier is not connected to the oscilloscope channel.

Figure 13 Probe Improperly Disconnected from Oscilloscope while Probe Head is Connected

to the Probe Amplifier

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

To Ensure Maximum Measurement Accuracy

To increase measurement accuracy, use the oscilloscope’s Select Probe Head dialog box to indicate the type of probe head that is attached to the probe amplifier. Making this selection allows the oscilloscope to apply the proper type of correction filter (S parameter) for your measurement case. The correction filter increases accuracy by flattening the magnitude and phase response of the probe. The following two sources of S parameters are automatically used for the filter:

• S parameters of the InfiniiMax III+ probe amplifier. These S parameters are unique to and stored on the probe amplifier.

• S parameters of the specific probe-head model. For example, the N2836A: DF Solder-In (Vertical) selection applies S parameters for the N2836A head held in a vertical position (perpendicular to the surface of the DUT).

To disp l ay t he dia log b ox, cl i ck Probes > Channel Setup Menu.

Figure 14 Select Probe Head Dialog Box

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To Use InfiniiMode

NOTE

InfiniiMode allows you to switch between differential, single-ended, and common mode measurements without needing to change or reconnect the probe or probe leads. Switching measurements is accomplished using the oscilloscope’s probe configuration dialog box.

InfiniiMode is available when using InfiniiMax III+ N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A probes. InfiniiMode is not available when using InfiniiMax I, II, or III probe amplifiers.

The N2848A QuickTip, MX0109A Extreme Temperature Solder-In head, N2836A Solder-In head, and N5444A SMA head are InfiniiMode compatible.

The following table shows, depending on the probe tip and InfiniiMode setting, which signal types can be measured.

Table 4 Supported InfiniiMode Measurements by Probe Tip

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

InfiniiMode Setting

Differential Browser (full BW)

Single-Ended Browser (not supported) Browser (not supported)

Common-Mode Browser (not supported) Browser (not supported)

* Full bandwidth obtained by touching one tip to ground.

Signal Being Measured

Single-Ended Differential

Solder-In (lower BW) Solder-In (lower BW)

QuickTip (lower BW) QuickTip (lower BW)

Solder-In Solder-In

QuickTip QuickTip

Solder-In Solder-In

QuickTip QuickTip

Browser (full BW)

Because the N5445A browser tip has two leads instead of three, it is not InfiniiMode compatible. However, you can still use the browser tip to measure single-ended signals by selecting differential mode and touching one tip to ground.

Making InfiniiMode connections

When probing a differential or common mode signal, connect the probe tips as shown in Figure 15. The positive (+) and negative (–) leads can be reversed by swapping the connections at the probe amplifier.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

+lead

lead–

– 4V 1V– 3V==

+lead

lead–

+ 2

----------------------------

4V 1V+

---------------2.5V==

+lead

gnd– 4V 0V– 4V==

lead–

gnd– 1V 0V– 1V==

Figure 15 Example InfiniiMode Probe Circuit Connections

Soldering the ground wires is not required when making differential or single-ended (+ or – leads) measurements.

The following measurements can be made without reconnecting the probe tips. These equations use the voltages shown in Figure 15.

Differential Measurement

Common Mode Measurement

Single-Ended Measurement with +Lead

Single-Ended Measurement with –Lead

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Selecting the InfiniiMode mode

With the probe connected to an S-series, 90000 series, 90000 X, Q, Z, or V-series Infiniium oscilloscope, perform the following steps:

1 Click Setup > Probe Configuration to open the Probe Configuration Setup dialog box

shown in Figure 16.

2 In the dialog box, click the Probe Amp block to open the Probe Amplifier dialog

box.

3 Select the InfiniiMode measurement mode: Differential, Single-Ended A,

Single-Ended B, or Common Mode. The default setting is Differential.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Figure 16 Probe Configuration Dialog Box and Probe Amplifier Dialog Box

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

To Probe Ungrounded Devices

If the DUT is not grounded to the oscilloscope via the AC mains ground, connect the DUT ground to the oscilloscope ground. An example of a floating ground is a battery-powered device.

Without the ground connection, the common mode voltage is not guaranteed to be within the common mode range of the probe amplifiers.

Failure to connect the ground may result in the display of inaccurate waveforms.

Figure 17 Grounding the DUT to an S-Series Oscilloscope

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

To Probe Single-Ended Signals with a Differential Head

Using a differential probe head rather than a single-ended probe head to probe single-ended signals results in the advantages of higher bandwidth and increased accuracy. Also no offset range is sacrificed when using a differential probe head, as any supplied offset is applied only to the probe head’s plus side. To learn more about applying a DC offset when probing, refer to “To Measure Small Signals on a

Large DC Level" on page 28.

If possible, orient the probe head vertically as shown in Figure 18. Laying the probe head flat over a single-ended signal will cause coupling to the tip that can degrade the performance. Notice that the head’s “–” lead is connected to ground.

Figure 18 Connecting a Differential Head to a Single-Ended Signal

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

To Measure Small Signals on a Large DC Level

Measuring small AC signals riding on top of a large DC can be challenging. By subtracting out most or all of the DC component, the signal can be positioned to better utilize the input’s available dynamic range. This is accomplished by applying an offset by either the probe or oscilloscope channel. Scope channel offset is applied when viewing differential signals. Probe offset is applied when viewing single-ended signals.

Normal Offset Behavior

Figure 19 shows Normal selected in the Probe Offset dialog box. When probing

differential signals Normal allows you to apply probe offset using the oscilloscope’s front-panel vertical offset controls.

Figure 19 Probe Offset Dialog Box (Normal Setting)

Probe Offset Behavior

When Probe is selected as shown in Figure 20 on page 29, the InfiniiMax III/III+ probe provides a very large offset range (up to ±16V) for probing single-ended signals and a large common-mode range for probing differential signals. Use this offset range to subtract most or all of the DC component of the input signal so that the signal can better utilize the dynamic range of the input. This is possible due to the designs having summing nodes at the amplifier input. For information

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

on properly using probe offset to ensure that you can get the maximum performance and dynamic range from the InfiniiMax probe, refer to Keysight application note 5988-9264EN.

Figure 20 Probe Offset Dialog Box (Probe Setting)

Understanding how to properly use offset for your application can ensure that you get the maximum performance and dynamic range from your probes. The unique method of applying probe offset in InfiniiMax differential probes allows the full benefits of differential probing for single-ended signals without sacrificing offset range. Table 5 on page 30 lists the interactions between the signal type and the different offsets.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Table 5 Signal Type and Available Offset Range

Signal Being Probed

Single Ended Differential

Probe Head Type Differential or

Single Ended Head

Offset Applied To Probe

(channel offset is set to 0V)

Offset Range ±16V

(with 450 ohm probe head)

Description The offset voltage is subtracted from the input signal

before the probe’s differential amplifier. Since this subtraction is done before any active circuits, the offset range is large.

Differential Probe Head. A differential probe can make higher bandwidth and more accurate measurements on single-ended signals than a single-ended probe and this method of applying offset to only the plus side of a differential probe means that there is no sacrificing of offset range. All of the InfiniiMax III+ heads are differential. Single-Ended Probe Head. Single-ended probe tips do not have a minus lead so nothing is plugged into the probe amplifier’s “–” input. This is normal and does not cause any problems.

Differential Head

Oscilloscope Channel (probe offset is set to 0V)

±2.5V

Since the plus and minus sides of differential signals have the same dc component, the dc component is subtracted out and the probe’s output by definition is centered around ground.

The channel offset allows the waveform seen on screen to be moved as desired. The allowable dc component in the plus and minus signals is determined by the common mode range of the probe. Any voltage applied to the probe’s offset input jack is not used and has no effect on the signal.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Slew Rate Requirements for Different Technologies

The following table shows the slew rates for several different technologies. The maximum allowed input slew rate is 18 V/ns for single-ended signals and 30 V/ns for differential signals. Table 6 shows that the maximum required slew rate for the different technologies is much less that of the probe.

Table 6 Slew Rate Requirements

Name of Technology Differential

Signal

PCI Express (3GIO) YES 9.6 19.2 50 1.6

RapidIO Serial 3.125Gb YES 8.0 16.0 60 1.6

10GbE XAUI (4x3.125Gb) YES 8.0 16.0 60 1.6

1394b YES 8.0 16.0 60 1.6

Fibre Channel 2125 YES 8.0 16.0 75 1

Gigabit Ethernet 1000Base-CX YES 7.8 15.5 85 2.2

RapidIO 8/16 2Gb YES 7.2 14.4 50 1.2

Infiniband 2.5Gb YES 4.8 9.6 100 1.6

HyperTransport 1.6Gb YES 4.0 8.0 113 1.5

SATA (1.5Gb) YES 1.3 2.7 134 0.6

USB 2.0 YES 0.9 1.8 375 1.1

DDR 200/266/333 NO 7.2 n/a 300 3.6

PCI NO 4.3 n/a 500 3.6

Max Single-Ended Slew Rate (V/ns)

Max Differential Slew Rate (V/ns)

Driver Min Edge Rate (20%-80%

†

ps)

Max Transmitter Level (Diff V)

AGP-8X NO 3.1 n/a 137 0.7

* The probe specification is 18 V/ns

† The probe specification is 30 V/ns

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

Figure 21 Slew Rates of Popular Technologies Compared to Maximum Probe Slew Rates

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Available Accessories

CAUTION

The following is a partial list of available probe and oscilloscope accessories.

Performance verification fixture

An E2655C or N5443A Performance Verification (PV) fixture is an accessory that is used to properly position the probe during performance verification testing as described in Chapter 7 and

Chapter 8.

N5450B Extreme temperature cable extension kit

For extreme temperature testing, such as monitoring a device in a temperature chamber, order the N5450B InfiniiMax extreme temperature extension cable for use with the MX0109A / N5441A solder-in heads.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

Keysight’s Infiniimax probe amplifiers have a specified operating temperature range from 5 MX0109A and N5441A probe heads can withstand temperatures from –55°C to +150°C for up to 750 and 250 test cycles respectively. Use the extension cables to physically separate the amplifier from the probe head which allows you to operate the probe head inside a temperature chamber while the probe amplifier remains outside the chamber.

C to 40o C, but the

None of the N2830/1/2A or N7000/1/2/3A probe amplifiers can withstand the extreme temperatures (–55°C to +150°C) that the N5450B can withstand. When using the N5450B extension cable, do not subject the InfiniiMax III+ probe amplifier to extreme temperatures.

Besides the MX0109A and N5441A probe heads, none of the other probe heads are designed for extreme temperature testing. For more information about the extreme temperature probing solution for Keysight oscilloscopes, check out the Keysight data sheet with the literature number, 5990-3504EN.

To ensure a high-quality measurement, the N5450B cable set have been phase-matched at the factory. A coupling tag is included with the cables to ensure the cables stay as a matched pair. To install the coupling tag, slip the small end of each cable through the holes in the tag. The tag can be positioned anywhere along the length of the cable and can withstand the temperature ranges specified.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

CAUTION

NOTE

Avoid rapid changes in temperature that can lead to moisture accumulating in the form of condensation on the probe components, as well as the DUT. If this occurs, wait until the moisture has evaporated before making any measurements.

Additional care must be taken when handling probe heads used during extreme temperature cycling because this process makes the probe heads less robust.

Secure the ends of the extension cable near the probe head in the temperature chamber such that the probe head legs are not tugged or moved around significantly.

Prevent abrasion and tears in the cable’s jacket, do not rest the extension cables on any metal objects or objects with sharp edges.

Do not kink the cables. The cables are designed to be flexible, but are not designed to be bent sharply.

Keep your extreme temperature testing probes separate from the probes that you use under milder conditions. This is because cycling probe heads through extreme temperature ranges has a marked affect on their lifetimes. Only the lifetime of the probe head is affected by temperature cycling. The extension cables and probe amplifier should not need to be replaced with extended temperature cycling.

Discoloration or texture changes are possible with the extension cables. These changes do not, however, affect the performance or the quality of a measurement.

N5449A high impedance adapter

The N5449A high impedance adapter includes one N2873A 10:1 passive probe. The adapter is specifically tuned for the N2873A probe. Similar probes (1 input) can be used. Other probes may not meet the bandwidth specification.

86100D sampling scope adapters

Two adapters are available for connecting probes to the Infiniium 86100D DCA-X sampling oscilloscope or other RF instruments. The N1022B sampling scope adapter allows you to connect N2830/1/2A probes. The N5477A sampling scope adapter allows you to connect N7000/1/2A probes.

ΜW

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

CAUTION

N2852A AutoProbe II to AutoProbe III Interface Adapter

This adapter allows you to connect a probe with AutoProbe II interface such as the N7000A / N7001A / N7002A / N7003A InfiniiMax III+ probe to a Keysight UXR-Series (40GHz or higher) Infiniium oscilloscope that has the AutoProbe III interface. The adapter also allows you to connect a probe with AutoProbe I interface such as the N2830A-series InfiniiMax III+ probe to a Keysight UXR-Series (40GHz or higher) Infiniium oscilloscope. To do this, you need to connect the N5442A (50 / N5449A (1M

To know more about the N2852A adapter, visit

http://www.keysight.com/find/N2852A and then download the adapter’s user

guide available in the Document Library tab.

Ω) AutoProbe I to II adapter to the N2852A adapter.

Care should be taken while handling the N2852A adapter's RF cable. Avoid bending this cable backwards or kinking the cable in order to ensure measurements accuracy.

Ω)

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 35

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

WARNING

Safety Information

This manual provides information and warnings essential for operating this probe in a safe manner and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using this equipment and to ensure safe operation and to obtain maximum performance from the probe, carefully read and observe the following warnings, cautions, and notes.

This product has been designed and tested in accordance with accepted industry standards, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The documentation contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.

Note the external markings on the probe that are described in this document.

To avoid personal injury and to prevent fire or damage to this product or products connected to it, review and comply with the following safety precautions. Be aware that if you use this probe assembly in a manner not specified, the protection this product provides may be impaired.

Use Only Grounded Instruments. Do not connect the probe’s ground lead to a potential other than earth ground. Always make sure the probe and the oscilloscope are grounded properly.

Connect and Disconnect Properly. Connect the probe to the oscilloscope and connect the ground lead to earth ground before connecting the probe to the circuit under test. Disconnect the probe input and the probe ground lead from the circuit under test before disconnecting the probe from the oscilloscope.

Observe Probe Ratings. Do not apply any electrical potential to the probe input which exceeds the maximum rating of the probe. Make sure to comply with the voltage versus frequency derating curve found in this manual.

Indoor Use Only. Do not operate in wet/damp environments. Keep product surfaces dry and clean.

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. Refer to qualified service personnel.

Never leave the probe connected to a conductor while it is not connected to an oscilloscope or voltage measuring instrument.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

WARNING

CAUTION

WARNING

Do not use a probe which is cracked, damaged or has defective leads.

Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the probe.

Do not operate the probe or oscilloscope in the presence of flammable gasses or fumes. Operation of any electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.

Do not use the probe or oscilloscope in a manner not specified by the manufacturer.

Service instructions are for trained service personnel. To avoid dangerous electric shock, do not perform any service unless qualified to do so. Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation, is present.

The probe cable is a sensitive part of the probe and, therefore, you should be careful not to damage it through excessive bending or pulling. Avoid any mechanical shocks to this product in order to guarantee accurate performance and protection.

Concerning the Oscilloscope or Voltage Measuring Instrument to Which the Probe is Connected

Whenever it is likely that the ground protection is impaired, you must make the instrument inoperative and secure it against any unintended operation.

If you energize the instrument by an auto transformer (for voltage reduction or mains isolation), the ground pin of the input connector terminal must be connected to the earth terminal of the power source.

Before turning on the instrument, you must connect the protective earth terminal of the instrument to the protective conductor of the (mains) power cord. The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. You must not negate the protective action by using an extension cord (power cable) without a protective conductor (grounding). Grounding one conductor of a two-conductor outlet is not sufficient protection.

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 37

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

WARNING

Only fuses with the required rated current, voltage, and specified type (normal blow, time delay, etc.) should be used. Do not use repaired fuses or short-circuited fuse holders. To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard.

Capacitors inside the instrument may retain a charge even if the instrument is disconnected from its source of supply.

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Service

Probe calibration fails

Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes 1

The following symptoms may indicate a problem with the probe or the way it is used. The probe is a high frequency device with many critical relationships between parts. For example, the frequency response of the amplifier on the hybrid is trimmed to match the output coaxial cable. As a result, to return the probe to optimum performance requires factory repair. If the probe is under warranty, normal warranty services apply.

Probe calibration failure with an oscilloscope is usually caused by improper setup. If the calibration will not pass, check the following:

• Check that the probe passes a waveform with the correct amplitude.

• If the probe is powered by the oscilloscope, check that the offset is approximately correct. The probe calibration cannot correct major failures.

• Be sure the oscilloscope passes calibration without the probe.

Incorrect pulse response (flatness)

If the probe's pulse response shows a top that is not flat, check for the following:

• Output of probe must be terminated into a proper 50W termination. If you are using the probe with an Infiniium oscilloscope, this should not be a problem. If you are using the probe with other test gear, insure the probe is terminated into a low reflectivity 50W load (~ ±2%).

• If the coax or coaxes of the probe head in use has excessive damage, then reflections may be seen within ~ 1 ns of the input edge. If you suspect a probe head, swap it with another probe head and see if the non-flatness problem is fixed.

• If the one of the components in the tip have been damaged there may be a frequency gain non-flatness at around 40 MHz. If you suspect a probe head, swap it with another probe head and see if the non-flatness problem is fixed.

Incorrect input resistance

The input resistance is determined by the probe head in use. If the probe head is defective, damaged, or has been exposed to excessive voltage, the input resistor may be damaged. If this is the case, the probe head is no longer useful. A new probe head will need to be obtained either through purchase or warranty return.

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1 Using InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

Incorrect offset

Assuming the probe head in use is properly functioning, incorrect offset may be caused by defect or damage to the probe amplifier or by lack of probe calibration with the oscilloscope.

Returning the probe for service

If the probe is found to be defective we recommend sending it to an authorized service center for all repair and calibration needs. Perform the following steps before shipping the probe back to Keysight Technologies for service.

1 Contact your nearest Keysight sales office for information on obtaining an RMA

number and return address.

2 Write the following information on a tag and attach it to the malfunctioning

equipment.

• Name and address of owner

• Product model number (for example, N2830A)

• Product Serial Number (for example, MYXXXXXXXX)

• Description of failure or service required

Include probing and browsing heads if you feel the probe is not meeting performance specifications or a yearly calibration is requested.

3 Protect the probe by wrapping in plastic or heavy paper.

4 Pack the probe in the original carrying case or if not available use bubble wrap

or packing peanuts.

5 Place securely in sealed shipping container and mark container as "FRAGILE".

If any correspondence is required, refer to the product by serial number and model number.

Contacting Keysight Technologies

For technical assistance, contact your local Keysight Call Center.

• In the Americas, call 1 (800) 829-4444

• In other regions, visit http://www.keysight.com/find/assist

Before returning an instrument for service, you must first call the Call Center at 1 (800) 829-4444.

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Keysight InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

User’s Guide

2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe

Heads

Recommended Configurations at a Glance 42 N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92 mm/3.5 mm/SMA Probe Head 44 N5439A InfiniiMax III ZIF Probe Head 47 N5445A InfiniiMax III Differential Browser Probe Head 53 N5441A InfiniiMax III Solder-In Head (discontinued) 65 MX0109A and N2836A InfiniiMode Solder-In Heads 59 N2848A QuickTip InfiniiMode Probe Head 68 N2835A InfiniiMax III+ Differential Connectivity Kit and Accessories 72 Strain Relieving the Probe Heads 74 Soldering Tips 76

This chapter describes various probe heads. The probe configurations are listed in the order of the best performance to the least performance in terms of bandwidth and input loading characteristics. The recommended configurations are designed to give the best probe performance for different probing situations. This allows you to quickly make the measurements you need with confidence in the performance and signal fidelity. Using the recommended connection configurations is your key to making accurate oscilloscope measurements with known performance levels.

Graphs showing the performance of the heads for each probe amplifier are shown in

Chapter 6,

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Recommended Configurations at a Glance

Table 7 Configurations at a Glance (Sheet 1 of 2)

Recommended Order of Use

N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92 mm Head (Refer to page 44.)

N5439A InfiniiMax III ZIF Head (Refer to page 47.)

N5445A InfiniiMax III Browser (Refer to page 53.)

BW (GHz)

N2830A: 4 N2831A: 8 N2832A: 13 N7000A: 8 N7001A: 13 N7002A: 16 N7003A: 20

Cdiff * (pF)

— — Differential and Single-ended signals

32 fF 44 fF Single-ended signals only

35 fF 50 fF Differential and Single-ended signals

Cse (pF)

†

Usage

InfiniiMode compatible For cabled measurements. Can terminate to a non-ground voltage.

Solder-in hands free connection when physical size is critical Extremely low loading measurement with N5440A/47A ZIF tips Hard to reach targets Very small fine pitch targets

General purpose troubleshooting of signals Handheld browsing Variable pitch spacing from 20 mil to 125 mil

MX0109A InfiniiMax III Extreme Temperature Solder-In Head (Refer to page 59.)

N2830A: 4 N2831A: 8 N2832A: 13 N7000A: 8 N7001A: 13 N7002A: 16 N7003A: 20

42 InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide

108 fF 140 fF Differential and Single-ended signals

InfiniiMode Compatible Solder-in hands free connection

Also suitable for Extreme Temperature testing

Page 43

Table 7 Configurations at a Glance (Sheet 2 of 2)

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Recommended Order of Use

BW (GHz)

Cdiff * (pF)

Cse (pF)

†

N2836A InfiniiMode Solder-In Head (Refer to page 59.)

N2830A: 4

108 fF 140 fF Differential and Single-ended signals N2831A: 8 N2832A: 13 N7000A: 8 N7001A: 13 N7002A: 16 N7003A: 20

N2848A QuickTip Head (Refer to page 68.)

N2830A: 4

340 fF 200 fF Differential and Single-ended signals N2831A: 8 N2832A: >12 N7000A: 8 N7001A: 13 N7002A: 16 N7003A: >16

* Capacitance seen by differential signals

† Capacitance seen by single-ended signals

Usage

InfiniiMode Compatible Solder-in hands free connection

InfiniiMode Compatible Easy head-to-tip connection in tight space Solder-in hands free connection

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 43

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92 mm/3.5 mm/SMA Probe Head

The N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92mm/3.5mm/SMA probe head provides 30 GHz bandwidth and allows you to connect two 2.92mm, 3.5mm, or SMA cables to make a differential measurement on a single oscilloscope channel.

The N5444A provides for a termination to a common DC voltage rather than to ground, which is required for many signal standards. It is implemented such that from DC to approximately 1 kHz, the termination is 55 Ohms to the termination voltage, and above approximately 10 kHz, the termination is 50 Ohms to 0.9 times the termination voltage. The termination voltage range is ±4V with a minimum step of 5 mV and a maximum current of 80 mA. The termination voltage can be controlled internally by the oscilloscope or applied externally using the supplied DC jack.

Table 8 Bandwidth

Probe Amplifier BW Probe Amplifier BW

N2830A 4 GHz N7000A 8 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N2832A 13 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

N7003A 20 GHz

Figure 22 N5444A InfiniiMax III 2.92mm/3.5mm/SMA Probe Head

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NOTE

For performance plots, refer to Chapter 6, “Performance Plots.

CAUTION

N5448B Coaxial Phase Matched Cable Pair

For extending the cable length of the N5444A InfiniiMax III probe head and add flexibility and convenience to the probing setup, you can order N5448B 10 inches (25 cm) long coaxial phase matched cable pair. This cable pair supports 2.92 mm male-to-2.92 mm male connection.

Figure 23 N5448B Coaxial Phased Matched Cable Pair

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Before connecting these cables to the N5444A probe head, you must first remove the supplied rigid cables of the N5444A probe head. Figure 24 on page 45 shows the N5448B cables attached to the N5444A probe head.

Figure 24 N5444A Probe Head With N5448B Cables Attached

The maximum bend radius for the N5448B coaxial cable pair is 30 mm. Bending these cables at too tight a radius or twisting the cables can cause damage, reduce performance, and impact the precision of these cables.

Also, ensure that the plastic caps that are provided with these cables are installed when the cables are not in use.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

For details on the N5448B cable, refer to its guide available in the Document Library tab of this product’s page on www.keysight.com.

Probe Offset Calibration with the N5444A

To achieve more accurate probe offset calibration with the N5444A, an SMA shorting adapter adapter is provided with the N5444A (with unit serial number US50072545 or higher) and should be connected to the N5444A's "—" input connector during the calibration. The latest Infiniium firmware includes instructions on the Probe Calibration dialog box to remind you to install the adapter. If the Infiniium oscilloscope's firmware is older than version 5.50.33, you can still attach the adapter and the resulting calibration will be valid.

(Keysight part number: 1250-3999) is required. This

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N5439A InfiniiMax III ZIF Probe Head

The N5439A Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) probe head supports the three types of economical replaceable tips that are shown in Table 10. Solder as many tips onto your DUT as needed. Because of the ZIF tip’s extremely low loading, the tips can remain on the DUT as you easily move the probe head from one probing site to the next.

Table 9 Bandwidth

Probe Amplifier BW Probe Amplifier BW

N2830A 4 GHz N7000A 8 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N2832A 13 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

N7003A 20 GHz

Table 10 Available ZIF Tips

ZIF Tip Description Variable Tip Spacing Qty

N2838A 25 GHz 450W PC board tip provides robust design with

high bandwidth.

N5440A 28 GHz 450W ceramic

(normal sensitivity) for extremely low probe loading.

N5447A The N5447A ZIF tip is not

compatible with the N2830/1/2A or N7000/1/2/3A probes. Compatible only with InfiniiMax III N2800/1/2/3A probes.

5 mil to 250 mil (0.127 mm to 6.35 mm)

5 mil to 80 mil (0.127 mm to 2 mm)

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

NOTE

CAUTION

The N5439A does not include any ZIF tips. You must order either the N2838A or N5440A in addition to N5439A.

The N5447A ZIF tip is not compatible with N2830/1/2A or N7000/1/2/3A probes.

For performance plots, refer to Chapter 6, “Performance Plots.

Ensuring maximum N2838A tip performance

The specifications and performance plots of the N2838A ZIF tip were measured with a nominal spacing of 40 mil (1 mm). In order to achieve the proper response as shown in the performance plots, keep the mini-axial lead resistors roughly parallel as shown in Figure 43, and use the tip wires on the mini-axial leads to get the desired span.

To install or repair N2838A resistor leads, refer to “Replacing Axial Resistor

Tips" on page 78.

If you need to position the resistors different than shown in this figure (that is, resistor bodies close together or spread apart), use N2807A and N2808A PrecisionProbe products to perform an AC calibration of the probe, which properly captures the response. Increasing the spacing to 250 mil degrades the performance some, but PrecisionProbe can be used to compensate or qualify the effect.

Figure 25 Proper Position of Resistors

Soldering a ZIF tip to the DUT

Before using the following procedure, refer to “Soldering Tips" on page 76.

The ceramic ZIF tips are very fragile. They must be manufactured in this way in order to meet the high-performance, high bandwidth applications they are intended for. Be extremely careful when handling.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

NOTE

CAUTION

Break off a ZIF tip/handle combination from the packaging holder at the point

shown in the figure.

Figure 26 Five ZIF Tips on Packaging

2 Flux and tin the leads on the target DUT.

Figure 27 Preparing the DUT Leads

3 While holding the plastic form, form the ZIF tip wires to match the DUT’s pitch

and angle.

4 Flux the ZIF tip wires and DUT leads.

5 Position the ZIF tip with the gold traces facing up as shown in Figure 28 on

page 50 and carefully re-flow the solder. This orients the tip so that it will properly mate with the probe head.

When soldering the tip to your DUT, use the tip handle to hold the tip. This allows you to position these small tips without damaging them.

Do not dwell on this solder joint.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

Figure 28 Soldering the ZIF Tip

6 Pull the ZIF handle from the ZIF tip in the direction shown in Figure 29. ZIF tips

can be carefully handled with your fingertips and reinserted into a plastic handle if necessary.

Figure 29 Removing the Handle from the ZIF Tip

7 You can connect ZIF tips to any of the locations on a DUT that you need to

probe. The probe head can be quickly moved between the tips.

Always mechanically strain-relieve the ZIF head before using to protect both your probe accessories and DUT from damage. Refer to “Strain Relieving the Probe

Heads" on page 74.

Be careful not to damage the tip wires when handling the ZIF tips. Wires can be carefully reshaped with tweezers or fingers if necessary.

Connecting the probe head to the ZIF tip

1 Add strain relieve for the ZIF probe head as described in “Strain Relieving the

Probe Heads" on page 74.

2 Form the coaxial cables to bring the probe head near the tip. Press the lever

down on the ZIF probe head (see Figure 30) and slide the probe head onto the tip. Pressing on this lever removes the clamping force of the connector and enables you to insert or remove ZIF tips.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

CAUTION

NOTE

Stop if you encounter any resistance at all when sliding the probe head over the ZIF tip. Check your alignment, make sure the lever is pressed, and try again. Inserting the ZIF tip should require “zero” insertion force.

Always use the lever when inserting or removing ZIF tips.

Figure 30 Probe Head with Location of the Lever

Figure 31 Probe Head Connected to a Soldered ZIF Tip

For more repeatable results, orient the probe connection perpendicular to the device as shown in Figure 32 on page 52.

3 To move the probe head to a different tip, press the lever and remove the probe

head from the ZIF tip. The ZIF tip remains soldered to the DUT. Then, simply connect the ZIF head to another ZIF tip at a different location on the DUT.

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 51

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Figure 32 Probe Oriented Perpendicular to Device

52 InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

NOTE

N5445A InfiniiMax III Differential Browser Probe Head

The N5445A browser head (30 GHz) is the best choice for the general-purpose trouble shooting of differential signals with spring-loaded tips and variable spacing from 20 mil to 125 mil (or 0.5 mm to 3.1 mm).

The span between the signal tips is easily adjusted with a thumb wheel on the browser (see Figure 33).

Table 11 Bandwidth

Probe Amplifier BW Probe Amplifier BW

N2830A 4 GHz N7000A 8 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N2832A 13 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

N7003A 20 GHz

For performance plots, refer to Chapter 6, “Performance Plots.

Figure 33 N5445A InfiniiMax III Differential Browser Head

Using the LED headlights

The browser’s tip includes an LED headlight that illuminates the probing area for better visibility. The headlight intensity can be controlled from the oscilloscope’s Probe Amplifier dialog box when using an N2830/1/2A or N7000/1/2/3A probes. On N7000/1/2/3A probes, you can also use the Light button. Pressing and holding this button will ramp the intensity of the headlight.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Figure 34 Headlight Intensity from N7000/1/2/3A Light Button or Dialog Box

Adjusting the tip span

Turn the browser’s thumb wheel (see Figure 35) to adjust the tip spacing from 20 to 125 mil (0.5 mm to 3.1 mm). Do not force the adjustment near the end of its range.

Figure 35 Adjusting the Tip Span

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Tip-span entry for probe calibration

When calibrating the probe, you will be prompted to enter the span setting on the oscilloscope’s Probe Calibration dialog box. To determine the tip span, do the following steps:

1 Adjust the browser’s tip span for your measurement.

2 Locate the tip-span gauge on the browser’s protective cap as shown in

Figure 36.

3 Determine which of the three possible tip-span settings most closely matches

the browser’s tip span.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Figure 36 Tip Span Gauge on Browser Protective Cap

Mounting the Browser

There are two holes on the back side of the browser. Use these holes to mount the browser to a customer designed holder. Figure 37 below shows the dimensions of these mounting holes.

Figure 37 Dimensions of Mounting Holes

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

Probe along the browser’s axis

To prevent tip damage, probe along the browser’s axis as shown in Figure 38. Hold the probe vertical and perpendicular to the circuit board.

Figure 38 Proper Probe Handling

To avoid damaging the browser’s tips, do not apply a side load to the browser.

Figure 39 Improper Probe Handling

Do not apply too much force when browsing. The weight of the probe in your hand should be sufficient. The axial travel of the probe is about 15 mils (0.4 mm).

The browser’s protective cap should be kept on the browser at all times except when probing.

Always remove the browser from the device under test (DUT) before disconnecting the probe amp from the oscilloscope.

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Replaceable parts

Figure 40 shows the replaceable parts for th N5445A.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Figure 40 Browser Tips and Ground Blade

Table 12 N5445A Replaceable Parts

Description Qty Part Number

Browser tips 4 N5476A

Ground Blade 1 N4855A

Ground Blade Screws 1 N4856A

N2787A 3D Probe Positioner

Using the N2787A 3D probe positioner with the N5445A browser probe head reduces the chance of breaking the browser tips and ensures that the tips maintain solid contact. Use the following steps to position the probe using the N2787A:

1 Lock the vertical compliance of the probe positioner.

2 Clamp the browser into the positioner, aligning the browser’s slot with the

positioner’s gripping pad.

3 While holding the browser, loosen the main knob and position the probe.

4 Use the browser’s own weight to depress the tips, and tighten the main knob to

lock the probe’s position.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Figure 41 Using the Browser with the N2787A 3D Probe Positioner

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

MX0109A

N2836A

MX0109A and N2836A InfiniiMode Solder-In Heads

The following two solder-in probe heads are available for InfiniiMax III+ amplifiers.

• MX0109A Extreme Temperature Solder-in probe head

• N2836A InfiniiMax III+ Solder-in probe head

These probe heads are economical semi-permanent connections that provide up to 26 GHz of system bandwidth.

Figure 42 MX0109A and N2836A InfiniiMax III solder-in probe heads

The following table highlights the key features of these probe heads.

MX0109A N2836A

Supports testing in extreme temperature ranges.

Can withstand –55°C to +150°C temperature range for up to 750 test cycles. Refer to the topic “Extreme Temperature Testing

with MX0109A Probe Head" on page 64 to know more.

InfiniiMode capable.(InfiniiMode allows you to make differential, common mode, and single ended measurements without

having to re-solder the tip leads. Because these are InfiniiMode compatible heads, the tip has two signal leads and two

ground leads. To learn about InfiniiMode, refer to “To Use InfiniiMode" on page 23. The ground leads have minimal effect

on differential measurements. However, if you are making only differential measurements, you can optionally cut off the

ground leads or fold them out of the way.

The span of leads can be adjusted from 5 mil - 250 mil (0.127 mm - 6.35 mm).

User replaceable resistor leads. To know how to install / repair resistor leads, refer to “Replacing Axial Resistor Tips" on

page 56.

MX0109A and N2836A have different S parameters stored in the oscilloscope’s firmware. On selecting the probe head in the

oscilloscope’s Select Probe Head dialog box, the appropriate S parameter file for the probe head is loaded. This file is used in

conjunction with the probe amplifier’s S parameters to compute the overall probe correction for your measurement case.

Can withstand –40°C to +85°C temperature range.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

NOTE

CAUTION

Ensuring Maximum Performance for MX0109A / N2836A Probe Heads

Tip Spacing

The specifications and performance plots of the MX0109A / N2836A probe heads were measured with a nominal spacing of 40 mil (1 mm). In order to achieve the proper response as shown in the performance plots, keep the mini-axial lead resistors roughly parallel as shown in Figure 43, and use the tip wires on the mini-axial leads to get the desired span.

The minimum required Infiniium software version for the MX0109A probe head is as follows:

- 10.10 or higher (for Infiniium UXR-Series oscilloscopes)

- 6.40 or higher (for all other compatible oscilloscopes)

Refer to Tabl e 20 on page 99 and Tab le 21 on page 100 to know about the characteristics of these probe heads. For performance plots, refer to “N2836A and MX0109A Solder-In Probe

Heads (Flat Orientation)" on page 114.

Figure 43 Proper Position of Resistors

If you need to position the mini-axial lead resistors different than shown in this figure (that is, resistor bodies close together or spread way apart), use N2807A and N2808A Precision Probe products to perform an AC calibration of the probe. The AC calibration will properly capture the response. Increasing the spacing to 250 mil will degrade the performance some, but Precision Probe can be used to compensate or qualify the effect.

The axial resistors on the MX0109A / N2836A solder-in probe heads are fragile. They must be manufactured in this way in order to meet the high-performance, high bandwidth applications they are intended for. Be careful when handling.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Best Practices for MX0109A and N2836A Connection to DUT

Figure 44 Probe Head Connection to DUT (InfiniiMode)

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

Figure 45 Probe Head Connection to DUT (Non-InfiniiMode)

Soldering the MX0109A / N2836A Probe Head to the DUT

Before using the following procedure, refer to “Soldering Tips" on page 76.

To solder the probe head to your DUT, complete the following steps. This procedure does not show soldering the ground leads. but the same techniques as described in this procedure are used.

Always mechanically strain-relieve the probe head to protect both your probing equipment and DUT from damage. Refer to “Strain

Relieving the Probe Heads" on page 74.

1 Apply flux to your target leads as shown in Figure 46.

Figure 46 Applying Flux

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CAUTION

Tin the leads with a small amount of solder.

Figure 47 Tin the Leads

3 Use tweezers to form the probe head wires to fit your DUT’s geometry.

4 Flux the DUT leads and your probe head wires.

Figure 48 Applying Flux to Leads and Wires

5 Position the probe head wires on the DUT leads and quickly re-flow the solder

as shown in Figure 49.

Do not leave the iron in contact with the probe head for more than a few seconds at a time.

Figure 49 Positioning Wires

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

MX0109A - After usage under high

temperatures

MX0109A - Before usage under high

temperatures

Extreme Temperature Testing with MX0109A Probe Head

The MX0109A probe head can withstand temperatures from –55°C to +150°C thereby making it suitable for extreme temperature environments such as temperature chambers. For extreme temperature testing, use the MX0100A probe head with the N5450B InfiniiMax extreme temperature extension cable.

To know more about the N5450B extension cable and cautions associated with using an InfiniiMax probe head in extreme temperature testing, refer to ““N5450B

Extreme temperature cable extension kit" on page 33.

InfiniiMax probe amplifiers cannot withstand extreme temperatures (–55°C to +150°C) that the MX0109A probe head can withstand. Be cautious not to subject these probe amplifiers to extreme temperatures. Using the N5450B extension cable with the MX0109A probe head physically separates the amplifier from the probe head and therefore eliminates the chances of the amplifier’s exposure to extreme temperatures.

Probe Head Configuration

MX0109A (attached to the N5450B extension cable)

Operating Temperature Range (oC) Expected Lifetime of

the Probe Head (cycles)

-55° C dwell, 1000 hours minimum +150° C dwell, 1000 hours minimum

-55° C to 150° C cycles, 750 cycles minimum (as per JEDEC JESD22-A104 revision E)

>750

The MX0109A probe head components may undergo discoloration when used under high temperatures. Such changes do not, however, affect the probe head’s performance or measurement quality. The probe head maintains its specified frequency response and bandwidth over the operating temperature range (–55°C to +150°C), without any need for compensation or correction.

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

CAUTION

NOTE

CAUTION

N5441A InfiniiMax III Solder-In Head (discontinued)

The N5441A InfiniiMax III solder-in probe head is an economical semi-permanent connection that provides up to 16 GHz of system bandwidth. Variable span of the leads ranges from 5 mil to 80 mil (0.127 mm to 2 mm).

The N5441A probe head can be used with the N5450B InfiniiMax extreme temperature extension cable. This is the only InfiniiMax III probe head that can withstand the –55°C to +150°C extreme temperature range (for up to 250 test cycles).

Table 13 Bandwidth

Probe Amplifier BW Probe Amplifier BW

N2830A 4 GHz N7000A 8 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N2832A 13 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

N7003A 20 GHz

When using the N5450B extension cable, do not subject the InfiniiMax III probe amplifier or probe head (other than the N5441A solder-in probe head) to extreme temperatures.

Replaceable parts

Extra wire (for solder-in probe head only). 01169-81301 (7 mil), 01169-21306 (5 mil)

To install or repair N2838A resistor leads, refer to “Replacing N5441A Probe Head

Wires" on page 82.

The wires on the N5441A are fragile. They must be manufactured in this way in order to meet the high-performance, high bandwidth applications they are intended for. Be careful when handling.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Soldering the probe head to the DUT

Before using the following procedure, refer to “Soldering Tips" on page 76.

To solder the probe head to your DUT, complete the following steps. The procedure is very similar to that for the ZIF probe tips used with the N5439A probe head.

1 Position the probe head near the location on the DUT where you want to solder

the probe.

2 Add strain relieve for the probe head as described in “Strain Relieving the

Probe Heads" on page 74.

3 Apply flux to your target leads as shown in Figure 50.

Figure 50 Applying Flux

4 Tin the leads with a small amount of solder.

Figure 51 Tin the Leads

5 Use tweezers to form the probe head wires to fit your DUT’s geometry.

6 Flux the DUT leads and your probe head wires.

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CAUTION

Figure 52 Applying Flux to Leads and Wires

7 Position the probe head wires on the DUT leads and quickly re-flow the solder

as shown in Figure 53.

Do not leave the iron in contact with the probe head for more than a few seconds at a time.

Figure 53 Positioning Wires

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

N2848A QuickTip InfiniiMode Probe Head

The N2848A QuickTip probe head is used with an N2849A QuickTip and together they provide the following advantages:

• InfiniiMode on InfiniiMax III+ (N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A probe amplifiers). InfiniiMode allows you to make differential, common mode, and single ended measurements without having to re-solder the tip leads.

• Easy-to-make secure magnetic mechanical connection between the probe head and QuickTip. Three magnets in the head connect the two sides of a differential signal and a ground. No latch lever is used!

Figure 54 Magnet Connections in Probe Head

• Extreme temperature environments such as temperature chambers.

Table 14 Bandwidth

Probe Amplifier BW Probe Amplifier BW

N2830A 4 GHz N7000A 8 GHz

N2831A 8 GHz N7001A 13 GHz

N2832A >12 GHz N7002A 16 GHz

N7003A >16 GHz

Permanently solder any number of QuickTips to your DUT as shown in Figure 55 on page 69. Because the probe head is magnetically connected (instead of mechanically connected) to the QuickTip, you can effortlessly connect and disconnect to each QuickTip. For best performance, position the QuickTip vertically on the DUT. Because this is an InfiniiMode compatible head, the tip has two signal leads and two ground leads. To learn about InfiniiMode, refer to “To Use

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Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

NOTE

InfiniiMode" on page 23. The ground leads have minimal effect on your differential

measurements. However, if you are making only differential measurements you can optionally cut off the ground leads or fold them out of the way. Be aware that without the ground leads, the mechanical stability of the QuickTip will be reduced and you will need to stabilize the probe head.

Figure 55 Probing with the N2848A Probe Head and QuickTip

N2849A QuickTips are also compatible with N2851A QuickTip Probe Heads, which are designed for 1130/1/2/4A InfiniiMax I and 1168/9A InfiniiMax II probes.

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

NOTE

CAUTION

NOTE

CAUTION

Do not replace or repair the N2849A QuickTip’s resistor or ground leads. Attempting to do so will damage the ability of the tip to mate with the N2848A probe head.

The N2848A does not include any N2849A QuickTips. The N2849A must be ordered separately.

Before connecting the QuickTip head to the tip, use the tack-putty (N5439-65201) included with the N2848A QuickTip probe head or the N2787A 3D probe positioner for securing the probe amplifier to a rigid body near the DUT.

For performance plots, refer to Chapter 6, “Performance Plots.

Connecting a QuickTip to the DUT

Use the following tips when soldering the QuickTips to your DUT:

• Orient the QuickTip vertically as shown in Figure 55 on page 69.

• Solder the four leads to vias or surfaces.

Always mechanically strain-relieve the QuickTip head before using to protect both your probe accessories and DUT from damage. Refer to “Strain Relieving the

Probe Heads" on page 74.

Resistor and wire leads on the QuickTip are factory trimmed to the proper length for use. Adding wire length to the tip of the mini-axial lead resistors or to the ground leads will degrade the performance of the probe.

Soldering the ground wires is not required when making differential or single-ended (+ or – leads) measurements.

• When soldering to a via, always trim the lead close to the via’s underside.

• If a lead is to be soldered to a surface and not a via, make a stronger solder joint by bending the end of the lead 90°. For signal leads, bend the wire approximately half way between the resistor and the end of the wire. Bend the ground leads at about the same distance.

Be careful not to damage the tip wires when handling the QuickTips. Wires can be carefully reshaped with tweezers or fingers if necessary.

The QuickTips are very fragile. They must be manufactured in this way in order to meet the high-performance, high bandwidth applications they are intended for. Be extremely careful when handling.

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Cleaning the Magnetic Connections

If the three magnetic connections in the head become dirty, clean the connections using the following steps:

1 Use compressed air or a cloth to remove any loose dirt.

2 Gently rub a small piece of tack putty (supplied with the probe) against the

magnetic connections to clean off any remaining surface grime.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Figure 56 N2848A Head Before and After Cleaning

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

N2835A InfiniiMax III+ Differential Connectivity Kit and Accessories

In addition to the individual probe heads described in the previous topics, the N2835A differential connectivity kit is also available for the InfiniiMax III+ probes.

This kit provides multiple quantities of the four InfiniiMax III+ probe heads as shown in Figure 57. You can order this kit either at the same time as InfiniiMax III+ probe amplifiers or separately later.

Figure 57 Probe Heads Included in the N2835A Differential Connectivity Kit (not to scale)

Table 15 Supplied Accessories (Sheet 1 of 2)

Qty

Description

N2836A InfiniiMax III 26 GHz Differential Solder-In Probe Head

Replacement Axial Resistors Kit 10 N2836-68701

N5439A InfiniiMax III 28 GHz Differential ZIF Solder-in Probe Head

N2838A InfiniiMax III 25 GHz ZIF Tip Kit 2 kits (5 tips in

N2848A InfiniiMax III QuickTip Probe Head 2 N2848A

N2849A InfiniiMax QuickTip Tips Kit 2 kits (4 tips in

N5445A InfiniiMax III Browser Probe Head 1 N5445A

Replacement Tips Tweezer for replacing tips Screw Driver Protective End Cap

Supplied

2 N2836A

2 N5439A

each kit)

4 1 1 1

Part Number

N2838A

N2849A

N5476A N5445-23801 N5445-23802 N5445-44101

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Table 15 Supplied Accessories (Sheet 2 of 2)

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Description

Qty Supplied

Ground Blades 4 N5445-68700

Part Number

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

CAUTION

Strain Relieving the Probe Heads

High-performance probes have small physical geometries to ensure the lowest possible loading and best electrical response. Because of their small size, probing accessories are often delicate. It is important to mechanically secure your probes to protect both your equipment and designs from damage. Although tack putty and low-temperature hot glue are recommended, you can also use other methods such as tape or hook-and-loop strain relief. Keep in mind that different accessories have different cable stiffness. You should choose a strain relief method appropriate for the cable stiffness. For instance, it is best to secure the stiffer N5439A near the SMP connectors and form the cable to the optimal location.

Do not kink cables. Do not crush cables. Do not use aggressive adhesives or high temperatures.

Tack-putt y

Keysight recommends the use of tack putty for securing both probe heads and amplifiers. Tack putty can be ordered using part number N5439-65201. Wrap a small amount of tack-putty around your probe head cables, taking care to not pinch them. The mass can then be secured to a rigid body neat your DUT.

Similar techniques can be used to secure probe amplifiers where you apply some tack-putty to the underside of the probe amplifier body and attach it to a rigid body near your DUT.

Figure 58 Probe Secured Using Tack Putty

You can also use putty with a positioner, such as the N2787A as shown in

Figure 59.

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Figure 59 Using Putty With the N2787A 3D Probe Positioner

CAUTION

The same positioner can also be used to support your probe amplifier as shown in

Figure 41 on page 58.

Low-temperature hot glue

You can also use low-temperature hot glue to secure cables.

Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads 2

Only use low-temperature hot glue. To remove the hot glue, warm it with a heat gun set on low. Only heat the hot glue enough to remove it.

Figure 60 Probe Secured Using Low-Temperature Hot Glue

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2 Using InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads

Soldering Tips

When using the N5441A and N2836A solder-in heads and N5439A ZIF probe heads, be sure to observe the following guidelines. For more information, refer to the user’s guide.

• Use a temperature-controlled soldering iron station, if possible.

• Set the temperature of the soldering iron’s tip to between 370° C and 420° C (for non RoHS standards).

• Use the smallest tip possible.

• Use an optical aid of some sort (microscope preferred).

• Employ minimal dwell times on the solder joint (< 2 seconds).

• Solder only the tip of the wire onto your DUT. The solder should not get close to the existing solder ball on the tip.

• Use enough flux when soldering the tips into a DUT.

Figure 61 Applying Flux to Leads and Wires

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CAUTION

User’s Guide

3 Maintaining Probe Heads

Replacing Axial Resistor Tips 78 Replacing N5441A Probe Head Wires 82

Many probe heads come equipped with replaceable resistor or wire tips which can be replaced or repaired. Using the procedures in this chapter, you can extend the life of the following items:

• MX0109A probe heads

• N2836A probe heads

• N5441A probe heads

• N2838A ZIF tips

Do not replace or repair the N2849A QuickTip’s resistor or ground leads. Attempting to do so will damage the ability of the tip to mate with the N2848A probe head.

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3 Maintaining Probe Heads

NOTE

CAUTION

Replacing Axial Resistor Tips

The procedure in this sections shows you how to replace the 130 ohm axial resistors that are located at the tip of the:

• MX0109A extreme temperature solder-in probe head

• N2836A solder-in probe head and

• N2838A ZIF tip

These resistors can become worn or damaged with use. Order the replacement axial resistor kit (N2836-68701) which provides 10 resistors.

The pictures in the following procedure show the N2836A solder-in probe head, but the same procedure applies to the MX0109A and N2838A ZIF tip.

Recommended equipment

• Vise or clamp for holding tip.

Procedure

• Metcal STTC-022 (600 °C) or STTC-122(700 °C) tip soldering iron or equivalent. The 600 °C tip will help limit burning of the FR4 tip PC board.

• 0.381 mm (0.015 in) diameter RMA flux standard tin/lead solder wire.

• Fine stainless steel tweezers.

• Rosin flux pencil, RMA type (Kester #186 or equivalent).

•Diagonal cutters.

• Magnifier or low power microscope.

•Ruler.

As the probe heads and tips are easily damaged, only experienced soldering technicians should attempt this repair.

1 As shown in Figure 62, clamp the probe head or ZIF tip in a vise. Tweezers can

be used to hold the probe head or ZIF tip away from the vise. When using tweezers, grip the tip either on the sides or top and bottom.

When tightening the vise, use light force to avoid damaging the solder-in probe head.

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Figure 62 Clamping the Part

NOTE

CAUTION

Maintaining Probe Heads 3

2 Grab each resistor lead or wire with tweezers and pull very gently up. Touch the

soldering iron to solder joint just long enough for the resistor to come free of the probe head tip.

Figure 63 Removing the Resistor

Clean the soldering iron tip of any excess solder before using.

The solder joint has very low thermal mass so the joint will quickly melt and release.

To limit burning and damage to the PC board, do not keep the soldering iron in contact with the tip any longer than is necessary.

Excessive dwell time with the iron will permanently damage the flip-chip resistor.

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3 Maintaining Probe Heads

CAUTION

NOTE

Do not leave the iron in contact with the tip any longer than necessary.

4 Use the flux pencil to coat the solder joint area with flux.

5 Locate the trim gauge which is supplied with the N2836-68701 replacement

Use the soldering iron and solder to fill the holes in preparation for mounting the new resistors (or wires).

axial resistor kit.

a Place a resistor over the lead length gauge shown in Figure 64. Trim the

leads to match the drawing. The orientation of the lead is not important.

b Place a resistor over the bend gauge and bend the leads to match the

drawing. This bend fits in the hole in the tip’s PC board.

Figure 64 Trim Guage

6 Holding the resistor lead or wire in one hand and soldering iron in the other,

position the end of the resistor lead (after the 90 degree bend) over the solder filled hole.

Figure 65 Soldering in a new axial resistor

7 Touch the soldering iron to the side of the hole. When the solder in the hole

melts, the resistor lead will fall into the hole.

Remove the soldering iron as soon as the lead falls into the hole.

Because the thermal mass of the joint is very small, extra dwell time with the soldering iron is not needed to ensure a good joint.

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Maintaining Probe Heads 3

Using a digital volt meter, measure the resistance from the coax center

conductor to the resistor tip. The DC resistance should measure 450 ohms.

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3 Maintaining Probe Heads

CAUTION

Replacing N5441A Probe Head Wires

Use the following procedure to install or replace the wire leads on the N5441A solder-in probe head. Depending on your probing application, you can order either 5 mil or 7 mil wire as listed in the following table. For example, use the 5 mil wire for attaching to small vias.

Table 16 Required Wire Type

Wire Diameter Part Number

0.007 inch (tin-plated nickel wires) 01169-81301

0.005 inch (tin-plated nickel wires) 01169-21306

Table 17 Recommended Equipment

Equipment

Vise or clamp for holding tip

Metcal STTC-022 (600 °C) or STTC-122 (700 °C) tip soldering iron or equivalent. The 600 °C tip will help limit burning of the FR4 tip PC board.

0.381 mm (0.015 in) diameter RMA flux standard tin/lead solder wire

Fine stainless steel tweezers

Rosin flux pencil, RMA type (Kester #186 or equivalent)

Flush cutting wire cutters

Magnifier or low power microscope

Keysight supplied trim gauge (01169-23801)

Procedure

1 Use the vise or clamp to position the tip an inch or so off the work surface for

easy access.

If using a vise, grip the tip on the sides with light force. When tightening the vise, use light force to avoid damaging the solder-in probe head If using a tweezers clamp, grip the tip either on the sides or at the top and bottom.

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Figure 66 Clamping the Probe Head

CAUTION

Maintaining Probe Heads 3

2 As shown in Figure 67, remove the old wires with tweezers while re-flowing the

solder from the underside of the probe.

Apply heat quickly to avoid damaging your probe.

Figure 67 Removing the Old Wire

3 If necessary, add a small amount of solder to the holes and apply flux.

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3 Maintaining Probe Heads

CAUTION

Figure 68 Adding Solder and Flux

4 Re-flow the solder from the underside and insert a new piece of wire. It is best

Do not dwell with the iron in contact with the probe head.

to shape the wire into an “L” before attempting to insert.

Figure 69 Adding a New Wire

Figure 70 New Wires Properly Attached

5 Trim any wire stubs on the probe head underside.

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Maintaining Probe Heads 3

Figure 71 Trim Wire Stubs

6 Use the included trim gauge to cut the wire lengths. Doing so ensures the best

performance from your probe head.

Figure 72 Trim Gauge Placed on Wires

Figure 73 Removing Excess Wire

7 Check the DC resistance of each probe leg when you have replaced the wires.

The correct resistance should be 450 ohms.

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3 Maintaining Probe Heads

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Keysight InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

CAUTION

User’s Guide

4 Calibration / Deskew

Procedure

The Calibration/Deskew procedure described in this chapter is applicable to both N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ probes.

The probe calibration and deskew is a guided procedure that you start from the oscilloscope’s Probe Calibration dialog box. Depending on the oscilloscope model, you will be instructed to connect the probe head to either of the following oscilloscope outputs:

•Front-panel Probe Comp terminals

• Aux Out BNC connector or Cal Out connector using the N5443A Calibration/Deskew Fixture with 50W termination.

The N5443A fixture promotes the properly position the probe head during the procedure. If you prefer, you can remove the plastic holder from the fixture by removing the four screws on the bottom side of the holder.

Always wear an ESD wrist strap when working with active probes. Not doing so can result in the probe becoming permanently damaged.

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4 Calibration / Deskew Procedure

Procedure

The procedure is applicable to both N2830/1/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ probes.

1 Connect the InfiniiMax III+ probe to an oscilloscope channel.

2 On the oscilloscope menu, click Setup > Probe Calibration. If you have an

N7000/1/2/3A probe, you can press the probe’s Menu button instead to access the guided calibration procedure.

3 In the dialog box, select the tab that represents the channel for the probe being

tested. In the dialog box, click Start Atten/Offset Cal….

4 The dialog box indicates that you can use the oscilloscope’s Probe Comp

terminals or the oscilloscope’s Cal Out or Aux Out connector for the calibration. If you are using the Probe Comp, touch the probe head’s leads to the Probe Comp terminals. If you are using the Cal Out (or Aux Out) connector, use the N5443A fixture as shown in the following steps:

a Connect a 50 ohm termination to the fixture as shown in Figure 74. The

termination is provided with the N5443A.

Figure 74 50W Terminator on N5443A

b As described in the dialog box, connect the fixture to the Cal Out or Aux Out

connector. Turn the nut on the Cal Out counter-clockwise to tighten as shown in Figure 75.

c While holding the fixture upright with one hand, use an 8 in. lbs. torque

wrench to fully tighten the connector as shown in Figure 76.

d Detach the probe head from the probe and Insert the probe into the top of

the fixture holder as shown in Figure 77. The probe can slide up and down in the holder to adjust the probe head position.

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Figure 75 Attaching the N5443A Fixture

Calibration / Deskew Procedure 4

Figure 76 Tighten to 8 in. lbs.

Figure 77 Inserting the Probe Head

e Form the N5439A probe head ZIF tip wires as shown Figure 78. If you are

using the browser probe head, you do not need to adjust the shape of the tips.

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4 Calibration / Deskew Procedure

Figure 78 Forming the Probe Head’s Tip

f Connect the probe head’s two lead cables to the probe amplifier as shown in

Figure 79.

Figure 79 Connect the Head to the Probe

g Position the probe head wires (if you are using the ZIF or Solder-in probe

heads) so they curl towards the scope as shown in Figure 80.

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Calibration / Deskew Procedure 4

NOTE

CAUTION

Figure 80 Positioning the Probe Head Wires

h While pressing down on the N5443A fixture’s spring-loaded clamps, insert

the probe wires beneath the clamps. The N5443A’s clamps, ground, and signal path are identified in Figure 81.

To check that the wires are connected correctly, press the oscilloscope’s autoscale button and confirm that a stable step on screen. You will need to re-open the Probe Calibration dialog box).

When connecting the probe head to the fixture, do not press down with much force or you could snap off the fixture from the Cal Out or Aux Out connection. Light contact is all that is needed for the calibration.

Never solder a probe tip to the thickfilm gold. The gold will immediately dissolve into the solder and disappear.

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 91

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4 Calibration / Deskew Procedure

NOTE

Figure 81 Closeup of Fixture’s Signal Path, Ground, and Clamps

Figure 82 Clamping the Probe Head’s Leads

If you are using the browser probe head, it is recommended that you use the N2787A 3D Probe Positioner to hold the browser in place as shown here. The browser uses spring-loaded tips so you do not need much force to get a solid contact.

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Calibration / Deskew Procedure 4

In the Probe Calibration dialog box, start the calibration.

6 When the calibration has completed, perform the skew calibration.

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 93

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4 Calibration / Deskew Procedure

94 InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide

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Keysight InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes

NOTE

User’s Guide

5 Specifications and

Characteristics

All entries included in this chapter are characteristics unless otherwise noted. These are the typical performance values of the InfiniiMax probes using the InfiniiMax III+ probe amplifiers and each different probe head except otherwise specified.

Bandwidth and DC input resistance (R specifications.

and R

) are the only

diff

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5 Specifications and Characteristics

InfiniiMax III+ Warranted Specifications

Table 18 Warranted Specifications

Probe Head Probe Amplifier Bandwidth DC Input Resistance

N2836A / MX0109A 450 W solder-in probe head vertical orientation with no ground wires

Differential mode N7003A 20 GHz probe amp

20 GHz R

=100 kW ± 2%,

diff

=50 kW ± 2%

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Specifications and Characteristics 5

max

rms

VinV

term

–()

()

------------------------------=

N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3A Probe Amplifiers Characteristics

The characteristics listed in Table 19 are mainly determined by the probe amplifier.

Table 19 N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Amplifier Characteristics

(Sheet 1 of 2)

N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3AInfiniiMax III+ Probe Amplifiers

Feature

With 450 W Probe Heads

(N5439A, N5445A, N5441A,

With N5444A 2.92 mm / 3.5

mm / SMA Probe Head

N2838A, N2836A, MX0109A,

N2848A)

DC Input Resistance R

= 50 kW ± 2% each input to

55W to V

term

ground R

= 100 kW ± 2%

diff

= 25 kW ± 2%

Input Resistance ( >10 KHz) R

= 500W ± 2% each input to

50W to 0.901 * V

term

ground R

= 1 kW

diff

= 250W

Input Voltage Range (Differential or Single Ended)

2.5 Vpp or ±1.25 V at 5:1 attenuation

5.0 Vpp or ± 2.50 V at 10:1 attenuation

2.5 Vpp or ± 1.25 V at 5:1 attenuation

5.0 Vpp or ± 2.50 V at 10:1 attenuation without violating max input power

Maximum Input Power N/A 125 mW calculated with the

following equation for each input:

Input Common Mode Range ± 7 V

± 1.25 V > 100 Hz at 5:1 attenuation ± 2.5 V > 100 Hz at 10:1 attenuation

to 100 Hz

± 6 V

to 100 Hz

± 1.25 V > 100 Hz at 5:1 attenuation ± 2.5 V > 100 Hz at 10:1 attenuation without violating max input power

DC Attenuation Ratio 5:1 or 10:1 Automatically selected

based on volts/division (all modes)

5:1 or 10:1 Automatically selected based on volts/division (all modes)

Offset Range (for probing a single-ended signal)

InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide 97

±16V ±6V without violating

maximum input power

Page 98

5 Specifications and Characteristics

Table 19 N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Amplifier Characteristics

(Sheet 2 of 2)

N2830A/1A/2A and N7000/1/2/3AInfiniiMax III+ Probe Amplifiers

Feature

Input Referred Noise Spectral Density

Input Referred Noise Example

4.5 mV with >= 18 GHz probe head and 13 GHz probe amp

Maximum Input Voltage 18 V

With 450 W Probe Heads

(N5439A, N5445A, N5441A,

N2838A, N2836A, MX0109A,

N2848A)

Diff 5:1 atten 33.5 nV/rt (Hz)

Diff 10:1 atten 53.9 nV/rt (Hz)

SE A or B 5:1 atten 27.8 nV/rt (Hz)

SE A or B 10:1 atten 47.7 nV/rt (Hz)

CM 5:1 atten 21.8 nV/rt (Hz)

CM 10:1 atten 38.4 nV/rt (Hz)

in diff mode 5:1 atten

rms

CAT 1 8 V

peak

With N5444A 2.92 mm / 3.5

mm / SMA Probe Head

4.5 mV

in diff mode 5:1

rms

atten with 30 GHz N5444A probe head and 13 GHz probe amp

without violating

peak

maximum input power

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Specifications and Characteristics 5

N7000A/1A/2A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads Characteristics

The characteristics listed in Table 20 are for the N7003A 20 GHz probe amplifier using different probe heads. These characteristics are mainly determined by the probe heads.

Performance listed in this table is with the highest bandwidth probe amp (N7003A 20 GHz) model in N700XA InfiniiMax III+ probe family. Performance with lower bandwidth amps (N7000A/1A/2A) is the lower of the following:

•Amplifier BW

• 0.434/Amplifier BW

• .308/Amplifier BW

• bandwidth measured with the highest bandwidth amplifier (N7003A) in the family.

Table 20 Characteristics for Probe Heads Using N7003A Probe Amplifier

Probe Head Input Capacitance Mode Bandwidth

diff

N5439A ZIF N5440A

450W ZIF tip

N2838A 450W ZIF tip

N5445A 450W Browser 35 fF 50 fF 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

N5441A 450W Solder-In 77 fF 105 fF 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

MX0109A 450W Solder-In Head

(Vertically orientation with no ground wires) Or

(Flat orientation with minimum length ground wires)

N2836A 450W Solder-In Head

(Vertically orientation with no ground wires) Or

(Flat orientation with minimum length ground wires)

N2848A QuickTip (with ground wires connected)

N2849A 450W QuickTip

32 fF 44 fF Differential 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

95 fF 130 fF 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

108 fF 140 fF 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

200 fF 340 fF 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

(–3 dB)

10 – 90%

Tra nsit ion

Time

20 – 80%

Transi tio n

Time

N5444A 2.92 /3.5 mm /SMA N/A N/A 20 GHz 21.7 ps 15.4 ps

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5 Specifications and Characteristics

N2830/1/2A InfiniiMax III+ Probe Heads Characteristics

The characteristics listed in the Table 21 are for the N2832A InfiniiMax III+ probe amplifier using different probe heads. These characteristics are mainly determined by the probe head.

Performance listed in this table is with the highest bandwidth probe amp (N2832A) model in N283XA InfiniiMax III+ probe family. Performance with lower bandwidth amps (N2830A/1A) is the lower of the following:

•Amplifier BW

• 0.434/Amplifier BW

• .308/Amplifier BW

• bandwidth measured with the highest bandwidth amplifier (N2832A) in the family.

Table 21 Characteristics for Probe Heads Using N2832A Amplifier (Sheet 1 of 2)

Probe Head Tip Input Capacitance Mode Bandwidth

diff

N5439A ZIF N5440A

450W ZIF

N2838A 450W ZIF

N5447A 200W ZIF

N5445A 450W Browser 35 fF 50 fF Differential:

N5441A 450W Solder-In 77 fF 105 fF Differential:

MX0109A 450W Solder-In Head

(Vertically orientation with no ground wires) Or

(Flat orientation with minimum length ground wires)

32 fF 44 fF Differential:

95 fF 130 fF Differential:

Not compatible with N2830/1/2A probes.

108 fF 140 fF Differential:

Single Ended: Common:

(–3 dB)

13 GHz — —

10 – 90% Tra nsit ion Time

33.4 ps — —

20 – 80% Tra nsit ion Time

23.7 ps — —

100 InfiniiMax III+ Series Probes User’s Guide