Kenwood TM-451A User Manual

TM-251A/251E

TM-451A/451E

144, 430/440 MHz FM TRANSCEIVER

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

KENWOOD CORPORATION

©PRINTED IN JAPAN B62-0455-08(K, P, E, M) 94/12 11 10 987654321 93/12

Notice to the user:

Models Covered by this Manual

One or more of the following statements may be

applicable to this equipment.

FCC WARNING

This equipment generates or uses radio frequency energy. Changes or modifications to this equipment may cause harmful interference unless the modifications are expressly approved in the instruction manual. The user could lose the authority to operate this equipment if an unauthorized change or modification is made.

INFORMATION TO THE DIGITAL DEVICE USER REQUIRED BY THE FCC

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.

This equipment generates, uses and can generate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that the interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from

that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer for technical assistance.

TM-251A: 144 MHz FM transceiver

{U.S.A./ Canada/ General)

TM-251E: 144 MHz FM transceiver

(Europe)

TM-451A: 440 MHz FM transceiver

(U.S.A./ Canada) 430 MHz FM transceiver (General)

TM-451E: 430 MHz FM transceiver

(Europe)

Note:

► The TM-251 series is used for all illustrations and all LCD

example displays.

► Functions requiring the microphone keypad, such as Remote

Control, cannot be used without a keypad-equipped microphone.

This type of microphone is optional for some transceiver

versions.

THANK YOU

PRECAUTIONS

We are grateful you decided to purchase this KENWOOD FM transceiver. The TM-251/TM-451 series of mobile transceivers were developed to satisfy the requirement for a compact rig that’s simple to operate yet has superior performance. Users of this series will discover the transceiver’s Menu Set-up method for feature configuration recently incorporated in other KENWOOD products.

KENWOOD believes that the compact size coupled with the reasonable cost will guarantee your satisfaction with this product.

Please observe the following precautions to prevent fire, personal injury, and transceiver damage:

• Do not transmit with high output power for extended periods. The transceiver may overheat.

• Do not modify this transceiver unless instructed by this manual or by some other approved KENWOOD communication.

• Do not expose the transceiver to long periods of direct sunlight or place the transceiver close to heating appliances.

• Do not place the transceiver in excessively dusty or humid areas, or on unstable surfaces.

• If an abnormal odor or smoke is detected coming from the transceiver, turn OFF the power immediately. Contact a KENWOOD service station or your dealer.

• The transceiver is designed for a 13.8 V power source. Never use a 24 V battery to power the transceiver.

CONTENTS

FEATURES ................................................................ 1

ACCESSORIES

CONVENTIONS FOLLOWED IN THIS MANUAL .. 2

PREPARATION FOR MOBILE OPERATION ............ 3

MOBILE INSTALLATION

Installation Example

DC POWER CABLE CONNECTION ..................... 4

Replacing Fuses .................................................. 6

ANTENNA CONNECTION

PREPARATION FOR FIXED STATION

OPERATION ............................................................. 7

DC POWER SUPPLY CONNECTION ................. 7

Replacing Fuses

ANTENNA CONNECTION ................................... 8

ACCESSORY CONNECTIONS

EXTERNAL SPEAKER MICROPHONE PACKET EQUIPMENT

Data Connector Pinout

YOUR FIRST QSO ................................................... 11

GETTING ACQUAINTED

FRONT PANEL .................................................... 12

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9 9

9 9 10

3 3

REAR PANEL MICROPHONE

DISPLAY ............................................................ 17

MENU SET-UP ....................................................... 22

MENU DESCRIPTION ....................................... 22

MENU A ACCESS

MENU A CONFIGURATION .............................. 23

MENU B ACCESS MENU B CONFIGURATION

CONFIRMATION BEFORE OPERATION

REAR PANEL FRONT PANEL

RECEIVING ............................................................ 28

SWITCHING POWER ON/OFF

VOLUME ADJUST

SQUELCH ADJUST............................................ 28

Noise Squelch .................................................. 28

S-Meter Squelch

SQUELCH HANG TIME ..................................... 29

BAND SELECT

Selecting AM/FM Mode (TM-251A/E only) ... 31

VFO MODE

SELECTING FREQUENCIES ............................ 32

Tuning Control

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15 16

22 24

24 26 26

28 28

29 30

32 32

Programmable VFO ......................................... 33

Microphone [UP]/[DWN] Buttons

FREQUENCY STEP SIZE

Changes in Displayed Frequencies

TRANSMITTING ..................................................... 37

MICROPHONE PTT ........................................... 37

SELECTING OUTPUT POWER TIME-OUT TIMER (TOT) INHIBITING TRANSMIT

MEMORY CHANNELS ........................................... 39

STORING DATA IN MEMORY

Simplex Memory Channels .............................. 39

Split Memory Channels .................................... 40

RECALLING MEMORY CHANNELS

Selecting Channels Sequentially ..................... 41

Temporary Frequency Changes ...................... 41

MEMORY —> VFO TRANSFERS ..................... 42

ERASING MEMORY CHANNELS

CALL CHANNEL................................................. 43

Recalling Call Channel

Changing Call Channel Contents (Simplex) .. 44

Changing Call Channel Contents (Split) CHANNEL DISPLAY FUNCTION INITIALIZING MEMORY

Partial Reset

Full Reset ......................................................... 46

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34 35 36

37 38 38

43 43 45

45 46 46

OPERATING THROUGH REPEATERS

TRANSMIT OFFSETS SELECTING OFFSET DIRECTION AUTOMATIC TRANSMIT OFFSET

U.S.A. and Canada Versions ........................... 49

European Versions

SELECTING OFFSET VALUES MANUALLY .. 50

REVERSE FUNCTION....................................... 51

TONE ACCESS ................................................. 51

Selecting a Tone Frequency ............................ 52

European Versions

AUTOPATCH

(U.S.A. and Canada Versions)

Activating the Microphone Keypad

DUAL TONE MULTI-FREQUENCY

(DTMF) MEMORY .............................................. 54

Making DTMF Calls

Storing DTMF Numbers ................................... 54

Confirming Stored DTMF Numbers

Transmitting Stored DTMF Numbers ............... 55

SCAN ...................................................................... 56

SCAN RESUME METHODS .............................. 57

Time-Operated Scan ........................................ 57

Carrier-Operated Scan

SELECTING SCAN RESUME METHOD

MEMORY SCAN ................................................ 58

Locking-Out Memory Channels

BAND SCAN

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48 48

49 49

53 53

54 55

57 57

58 59

PROGRAMMABLE BAND SCAN

Setting Scan Limits

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Using Programmable Band Scan CALLA/FO SCAN CALLVMEMORY SCAN

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59 59

60 61 61

AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS ....................................... 62

LOCK

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Transceiver Lock .............................................. 62

Microphone Lock

AUTOMATIC POWER OFF (APO)

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BEEP TONE........................................................ 64

DISPLAY DIMMER DISPLAY MODE DISPLAY DEMONSTRATION MODE

REMOTE CONTROL

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67 REMOTE FUNCTIONS USING

MC-45DM/DME .................................................. 68

Configuring the PF Keys .................................. 70

Monitor Function REMOTE FUNCTIONS USING TH-7 KEYPAD DIRECT ENTRY

Frequency Entry

Memory Channel Entry

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70 71 71 71

CONTINUOUS TONE CODED SQUELCH SYSTEM (CTCSS)

SELECTING CTCSS FREQUENCIES

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74 74

USING CTCSS ................................................... 74

DUAL TONE SQUELCH SYSTEM (DTSS)

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ACTIVATING DTSS ........................................... 75

STORING DTSS CODES

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DTSS AND REPEATERS .................................. 76

MESSAGE PLAYBACK CONTROL

VIA DTSS ........................................................... 77

Setting Message Playback DTSS Code

PAGE

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OVERVIEW ........................................................ 79

PAGE CODE MEMORY

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STORING PAGE CODES .................................. 79

CALLING RECEIVING

Receiving a Call with your Station Code

Receiving a Call with a Group Code PAGE ANSWER-BACK PAGE CODE AND REPEATERS LOCKING-OUT CODES

AUTO PAGE CANCEL

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82 83 83

84 84

OPEN PAGE ...................................................... 85

TONE ALERT.......................................................... 86

ACTIVATING TONE ALERT .............................. 86

CHANGING THE ALARM TONE

MESSAGE RECORDING

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ACTIVATING THE RECORD FUNCTION

SELECTING THE RECORDING TIME SELECTING THE RECORDING MODE

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87 88 88

88 89

PLAYBACK

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90 FULL DUPLEX OPERATION

PACKET OPERATION ........................................... 93

ENABLING THE DATA CONNECTOR

MAINTENANCE

GENERAL INFORMATION ................................ 94

SERVICE............................................................. 94

SERVICE NOTE

CLEANING ......................................................... 95

TROUBLESHOOTING OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES INSTALLING OPTIONS

OPENING THE TRANSCEIVER

INSTALLING THE TSU-8 CTCSS UNIT

INSTALLING THE ME-1 EXPANSION

MEMORY UNIT SPECIFICATIONS GLOSSARY QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

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93 94

96 102 104 104

104

105 106

108 115

FEATURES ACCESSORIES

• Dual band receive capability on each model in the series:

TM-251A/E: 144 MHz plus 430/440 MHz TM-451A/E: 430/440 MHz plus 144 MHz

• Full Duplex allows “telephone-style" contacts; Transmit on the Main band with simultaneous Receive on the Sub-band.

• Digital Record extends the convenience of CTCSS, DTSS, Page, and Tone Alert by recording the audio of a station calling you.

• DTSS and Page allow selective calling of specific stations. In addition, combining Tone Alert with Page lets you know who called and when.

• Innovative Menu Set-up method combines sophisticated features with simple operation; ergonomic design places only the most frequentlyused keys on the Front Panel without losing desired features.

Accessory

Part Number

Microphone

U.S.A., Canada, General’ Europe, General’

DC power cable

T91-0517-XX T91-0516-XX

E30-2111-XX 1

Fuse

TM-251: 15 A

TM-451: 10 A Mounting bracket Stacking plate Screws Wrench

F51-0017-XX

F51-0016-XX

J29-0614-XX J21-4469-XX

N99-0384-XX

W01-0426-XX

Warranty card (U.S.A., Canada, Europe^)

Instruction manual

’ Excluding some General market versions. ^ Excluding some European versions.

B62-0455-XX

Quantity

1 1

1 1 set 1 set

— 1

CONVENTIONS FOLLOWED IN THIS MANUAL

INSTRUCTION

MEANING WHAT TO DO

The writing conventions described below have been followed to simplify key stroke instructions and avoid

unnecessary repetition. This format is less confusing for

the reader. Reviewing the following information now will

reduce your learning period. That means less time will be spent reading this manual; more time will be available

for operating.

Note: Basic procedures are numbered sequentially to guide you step-by- step. Additional information pertaining to a step, but not essential to complete the procedure, is provided in bulleted form following many steps for further guidance.

Press

[KEY]. Prpqc;

[KEY1] + [KEY2].

Prpcq [KEY1], [KEY2].

Press [KEY]+ POWER ON.

Press [F] (1 s).

Press the key.

Press the keys simultaneously.

Press the keys in sequence.

Press the key while powering the transceiver.

Press the Function key for longer than 1 second.

Press and release KEY.

Press and hold KEY1 down, then press KEY2.

Press KEY1 momentarily, release KEY1, then press KEY2.

With the transceiver power OFF, press and hold KEY, then turn ON the transceiver power by pressing [PWR].

Press and hold the Function key until the "F" indicator on the

Display begins

flashing.

Press [KEY] (1 s).

Press the key for longer than

1 second.

Press and hold KEY until the

function begins.

PREPARATION FOR MOBILE OPERATION

When operating mobile, do not attempt to configure your transceiver or change Menu settings while driving because it is simply too dangerous. Stop the car first, then make the necessary changes. Also, be aware of local laws pertaining to the use of headphones/headsets while driving on public roads. If in doubt, do not wear headphones while mobiling.

MOBILE INSTALLATION

Install the transceiver in a safe, convenient position inside your vehicle that minimizes danger to your passengers and yourself while the vehicle is in motion.

For example, consider installing the transceiver under the dash in front of the passenger seat so that knees or legs will not strike the transceiver during sudden braking of your vehicle. Try to pick a well-ventilated location that is shielded from direct sunlight.

Installation Example

1 Install the mounting bracket using the supplied flat

washers and self-tapping screws. There are 4 washers and 4 screws supplied.

• The bracket can be mounted with the bracket opening for the transceiver facing down for underdash mounting, or with the opening facing up.

• If mounted underdash, the bracket must be installed so that the 3 screw holes on the edge of each bracket side are facing forward. This allows you to mount the transceiver horizontally or to angle it upward.

• If mounted with the bracket opening facing upward, position the bracket with the 3 holes facing forward to angle the transceiver upward.

Position the bracket with the 3 holes facing the rear if you plan to angle the transceiver

downward. The transceiver can be mounted

horizontally, angled neither up nor down, with the bracket positioned either way.

2 Position the transceiver in the bracket to determine

the best viewing angle.

3 Insert and tighten the supplied hexagon SEMS

screws and washers. There are 2 screws and 2 washers supplied for each side of the bracket.

• Double check that all hardware is tightened to prevent vehicle vibration from loosening the

bracket or transceiver.

Mounting

bracket

liiSl

SEMS screws <

Stacking plate-'

3EE1

DC POWER CABLE CONNECTION

Route the DC power cable supplied with the transceiver, or an optional DC cable equipped with a noise filter, directly to the vehicle’s battery terminals using the shortest path from the transceiver. If using a noise filter, it should be installed with an insulator to prevent it from touching metal on the vehicle. It is not recommended to use the cigarette lighter socket since some cigarette lighter sockets introduce an unacceptable voltage drop.

Passenger compartment

I'Joise filter supplied with PG-3B

Power supply connector

........................

,Red ( + ) Fuse holders

Vehicle chassis

Black ( - )

Engine compartment

with 20 A fuses

Double check cable connections at the battery to confirm correct polarities (Red ^ Positive, Black ^ Negative).

Dismantle fuse holder.

Passenger compartment

To prevent the risk of short circuits, disconnect other wiring from the negative { —) battery terminal before connecting the transceiver. Confirm the correct polarity of the connections before attaching the power cable; red connects to the positive ( +) terminal, black connects to the negative ( —) terminal. Use the full length of the cable without cutting off excess even if the cable is longer than required. In particular, never remove the fuse holders from the cable. After completing transceiver connections to the battery, then reconnect any wiring removed from the negative terminal.

If the power cable must be routed through a hole in the vehicle chassis or body, for example in the firewall at the front of the passenger compartment, use a rubber grommet to protect the cable from abrasion. The entire

length of the cable must be dressed so it is isolated from

heat and moisture. After the cable is in place, wind heat-

resistant tape around the fuse holder to protect it from

moisture. Tie down the full run of cable.

The vehicle battery must have a nominal rating of 12 V. Never connect the transceiver to a 24 V battery. Be sure to use a 12 V vehicle battery that has sufficient current capacity. If the current to the transceiver is insufficient, the Display may darken during transmission, or transmit output power may drop excessively.

Only after completing the installation, connect the transceiver’s power supply connector to the DC power cable. Press the connectors firmly together until the locking tab clicks.

Replacing Fuses

ANTENNA CONNECTION

If the fuse blows, determine the cause then correct

the problem. After the problem is resolved, then

replace the fuse. If newly installed fuses continue to blow, disconnect the power cable and contact your dealer or nearest Service Center for assistance.

Fuse Location

TM-251A/E TM-451A/E

Supplied Accessory

Fuse Current Rating

15 A 10 A

20 A

DC Power Cable

CAUTION: Only use fuses of the specified type and rating.

Note: If you use the transceiver for a long period when the

vehicle battery has not been fully charged, or when the engine has been stopped, the battery may become discharged, and will not have sufficient reserves to start the vehicle. Avoid using the transceiver under these conditions.

Before operating mobile, you must first install an efficient, well-tuned antenna. The success of your mobile installation will depend largely on the type of antenna and its correct installation. The transceiver can give excellent results if the antenna system and its installation is given careful attention.

Your choice of antenna should have a 50 ohm

impedance to match the transceiver input impedance. Use low-loss coaxial feed line that also has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. Coupling the antenna to the transceiver via feed lines having an impedance other than 50 ohms reduces the efficiency of the antenna system, and can cause interference to nearby broadcast television receivers, radio receivers, and other electronic equipment.

ANT connector Feed line connector

CAUTION: Transmitting without first connecting an antenna or other matched load may damage the transceiver. Always connect the antenna to the transceiver before transmitting.

PREPARATION FOR FIXED STATION OPERATION

The following diagram illustrates how to make connections to the rear panel of the transceiver. Connect all cables securely so they will not come loose if pulled.

DC POWER SUPPLY CONNECTION

In order to use this transceiver for fixed station operation,

you will need a separate 13.8 V DC power supply that

must be purchased separately. DO NOT directly connect the transceiver to an AC outlet! Use the supplied DC power cable to connect the transceiver to a regulated power supply. Do not substitute a cable with smaller gauge wires.

The following table lists the current capacity recommended for power supplies used with each type of transceiver.

Transceiver Model Power Supply Capacity

TM-251A/E TM-451A/E

First connect the DC power cable to the regulated DC power supply and check that polarities are correct (Red: positive, Black: negative). Then connect the

transceiver’s DC power connector to the connector on the DC power cable. Press the connectors firmly together until the locking tab clicks.

11 A or more 10 A or more

Note:

► For your transceiver to fully exhibit its performance capabilities,

the following optional power supply is recommended: PS-33 (20.5 A. 25% duty cycle).

► Before connecting the DC power supply to the transceiver, be

sure to switch the transceiver and the DC power supply off.

► Do not plug the DC power supply Into an AC outlet until you make

all connections.

■ Replacing Fuses

If the fuse blows, determine the cause then correct

the problem. After the problem is resolved, only then

replace the fuse. If newly installed fuses continue to blow, disconnect the power plug and contact your

dealer or nearest Service Center for assistance.

Fuse Location

TM-251A/E 15 A TM-451A/E

Supplied Accessory

DC Power Cable

CAUTION: Only use fuses of the specified type and rating.

Fuse Current Rating

10 A 20 A

ANTENNA CONNECTION

The type of the antenna system, consisting of the antenna, ground, and feed line, will greatly affect the successful performance of the transceiver. Use a

properly adjusted 50 ohm antenna of good quality designed for operation at your operating frequency to let your transceiver perform at its best.

Install low-loss 50 ohm coaxial cable and a first quality

connector for the connection to the transceiver. For

longer feed line runs, especially for operation at UHF frequencies, you might consider investing in "hardline" transmission line. Flardline is available in larger

diameters and has much lower loss than coaxial cable.

The lower loss can make a significant difference for those interested in weak signal operation. In all cases,

match the impedance of the feed line and antenna so that the SWR is minimum. Generally, an SWR

measurement of 1.5:1 or less is considered satisfactory.

All connections must be clean and tight. Coupling the

antenna to the transceiver via feed line having an

impedance other than 50 ohms reduces the efficiency of

the antenna system. It also can cause interference to

nearby broadcast television receivers, radio receivers,

and other electronic equipment.

CAUTION:

► All fixed stations should be equipped with a lightning arrester to

reduce the risk of fire, electric shock, and transceiver damage.

► Transmitting without first connecting an antenna or other

matched load may damage the transceiver. Always connect the antenna to the transceiver before transmitting.

ACCESSORY CONNECTIONS

EXTERNAL SPEAKER

Use an external speaker with 8 ohms impedance. The

jack accepts a 3.5 mm diameter mono (2-conductor)

plug. Recommended speakers include the SP-50B and SP-41. Connecting an external speaker automatically cuts off audio to the internal speaker.

MICROPHONE

To communicate in the voice modes, plug a 600 ohm microphone equipped with an 8-pin modular connector into the modular socket on the Front Panel of the transceiver. Press firmly on the plug until the locking tab clicks.

Microphone modular socket

PACKET EQUIPMENT

If you intend to use this transceiver for Packet operation,

you will need the following equipment:

• Personal computer with communications software (Alternatively, a "dumb" terminal capable of sending ASCII commands)

• TNC (Terminal Node Controller)

• TNC power supply

• RS-232C cable

• 6-pin mini DIN plug (PG-5A)

Refer to the accompanying diagram and the associated instruction manuals to configure the equipment as shown. Connect your TNC to the DATA connector on

the transceiver Rear Panel using a cable equipped with a

6-pin mini DIN plug. Do not share a single power supply between the transceiver and the TNC. Keep as wide a separation between the transceiver and computer as practical to reduce noise-pickup by the transceiver.

DATA Connector Pinout

Personal computer/dumb terminal

Number

Name

Function

Packet data input

PKD

• Transmit data from TNC to transceiver

DE Ground for PKD

Packet standby

PKS

• TNC can use this pin to inhibit the transceiver

microphone input while

transmitting packet signals.

4 9600D Detects 9600 bps data. 5

1200D Detects 1200 bps data.

Squelch control output

SQC

• Inhibits TNC data transmit

while transceiver squelch is open.

GETTING ACQUAINTED

The following sections describe basic functions of the Front Panel controls and buttons, Rear Panel jacks and connectors, microphone buttons and Display indicators. For full explanations of functions mentioned, refer to the appropriate section elsewhere in the manual.

FRONT PANEL

® (D

YOUR FIRST QSO

If you tend to discard instruction manuals along with the

packaging material....please don’t. The 5 steps below

will get you on the air in your first QSO within minutes to allow you to experience the exhilaration that comes with opening a brand new transceiver.

After trying the rig for a while, settle back in your most comfortable operating chair with this manual and your favorite drink for an hour or two. The time spent will be worthwhile.

1 Connect a 13.8 V DC power source to the power

connector, and a suitable antenna to the antenna connector.

2 Turn the VOL and SQL controls to approximately

9 o’clock.

3 Press [PWR].

• The default frequency appears on the Display.

4 Turn the Tuning control to select a frequency.

5 If accessing a repeater, press [SHIFT] to select a

standard positive transmit offset. Repeat to select a negative offset.

• Either" +" or" -" appears.

• If a subaudible tone is required to access the repeater: a) Press [F], [TONE/CTCSS]. b) Turn the Tuning control to select a Tone

frequency. c) Press [TONE/CTCSS] to exit from Tone Select. d) Press [TONE/CTCSS] again to turn ON the

TONE function.

6 When the frequency is clear, press [PTT] and begin

communicating.

• Release [PTT] to receive.

® VFO button

@ VOL (Volume) control

Provides the following 5 functions:

• VFO mode select {page 32}

• Menu function select (descending order) {page 22}

• VFO Scan {page 59}

• Memory/Call channel transfer to VFO {page 42}

• Partial reset {page 46} (2)MR (Memory Recall) button

Provides the following 5 functions:

• Memory Recall select {page 41}

• Menu function select (ascending order) {page 22}

• Memory Scan {page 58}

• Memory Write {page 39}

• Full reset {page 46} (DF (Function) button

Provides the following 3 functions:

• Multiple key function select

• Menu Set-up enter {page 22}

• Menu Set-up exit {page 22}

Adjusts the level of receive audio from the speaker {page 28}.

(DPWR (Power) switch Switches the transceiver ON or OFF {page 28}. Also

used in conjunction with other keys to access Menu B

{page 24} or initialize the microprocessor and its memory {page 46}.

(DTUNING control

Provides the following 6 functions:

• Selects transmit/receive frequencies {page 32} and frequency limits {pages 33 and 59}.

• Selects memory channels in Memory Recall {page 41}.

• Selects available choices when configuring Menu functions {page 22}.

• Selects subaudible Tone frequency {page 52} and transmit offset {page 50}.

• Selects scan direction {page 58}.

• Selects DTSS/page codes {pages 76 and 79}.

® SHIFT button

Selects the transmit frequency offset with respect to the receive frequency {page 491. Also toggles Tone Alert ON or OFF {page 86).

allows you to mute speaker output while no stations are being received.

(DtONE/CTCSS button

Switches Tone and CTCSS ON or OFF {pages 51 and

74). Also used for selecting the subaudible Tone frequency {page 52}.

d) REV (Reverse) button Switches the transmit frequency and receive frequency

when operating with a transmit offset or split frequency {page 51). Also toggles the transceiver between the Main band or the Sub-band (page 30}.

®DTSS button Toggles DTSS and Page ON or OFF. Also used for

setting the DTSS code and Page codes {page 75}.

Insert the 8-pin modular microphone plug until the locking tab "clicks".

OWN

RD: Oo0f> squelch audio(100 mV/ 10 kfi)

MIC

GND (MIC)

STBY (Pm

GND

DC 8 V. 100 mA max.

Selects High, Mid, or Low transmit output power. Also

activates Lock {page 62} and memory channel lock-out

{page 58} functions.

REAR PANEL

-d)

® ANT connector Connect an external antenna designed for operation on

the same band as this transceiver. When making test transmissions, connect a dummy load in place of the antenna. The antenna system or load should have an impedance of 50 ohms. All models accept a male

PL-259 coaxial plug except the TM-451E which accepts

a male Type N plug. (D DATA connector

Connect a Terminal Node Controller (TNC) for Packet operation. Accepts a 6-pin mini DIN plug. See page 10 for pinout details.

DC power cable. @ EXT. SP jack

Connect an optional external speaker for clearer audio. Accepts a 3.5 mm diameter (2-conductor) plug.

MICROPHONE

MC-45DM/45DME

channel number, the Tone/CTCSS frequency, the DTSS/Page code, or the Page memory number. Holding either button down causes the action to be repeated, and "fuzzy" logic increases the rate of repetition with time. Also, in Menu Set-up, switches among available menu selections for each menu function.

® PTT (Push-to-talk) switch Press to transmit; release to receive. Also, press to exit

Scan and Menu Set-up functions, DTSS/Page code setting, or Tone/CTCSS frequency setting.

Locks all microphone functions except [PTT] and the DTMF keypad, if equipped.

® PF (Programmable Function) key Activates the Monitor function to open and close the

squelch regardless which squelch system is being used. The key function can be re-programmed, if desired

{page 70}, On European versions, activates the 1750 Hz tone for repeater access.

(DCALL key, 1750 key

Recalls the Call channel. Pressing for more than 1 second initiates a Call Scan. The Call function can be re-programmed, if desired (page 70}. On European

Identical to the Front Panel functions of the same name. Both functions can be re-programmed, if desired {page 70}.

(D DTMF keypad (some versions only)

The 16-key keypad is used to transmit DTMF tones.

DISPLAY

® (D (D ®

LOCK\+V+U :L0W

....

^nnO O O

DUP/ CO

S»RF 13579 OVER

microphone buttons and keys are locked {page 62}.

Indicates AM receive mode is ON. Blinks while

accessing Menu A, AM/FM Mode {page 23}. AM/FM

mode is available only on some versions of the TM- 251A/E {page 31}.

(D +v +u

Indicates the 144 MHz Sub-band (" +V") or 430/440 MHz Sub-band (" +U") is selected {page 30}.

MID i REV/—\— +;■< O O O O O O O:

^ V# Ct O 0.0 O 0.0;

APO

-----------

CTCSS

PAG

DTSS

. w* -iSEEP

‘U m U ^ T O T

DIM

l.fSTEP TONE

©LOW, MID

Indicates Low or Mid transmit output power is selected (page 37). When "LOW" or "MID" are not visible, High

Indicates the Reverse function is ON {page 51}.

Transmit and receive frequencies are reversed.

(DQ

Appears when [F] is pressed. Indicates that alternate functions of multiple-function buttons can be accessed

now.

® (D (D ® (S)

L0CK:+V+U :L0W mid:

r^!3|Q[i0i

Wi n O O U C<Wg2

DUP/ CO

i¿»cttfiw nilfcva I

@ - - +

SARF

Indicates the transmit frequency is offset (different) from the receive frequency {page 49}. The symbol displayed indicates the direction that the transmit frequency is offset from the receive frequency. Also indicates a splitfrequency memory channel is selected (page 41}. " blinks while Menu A, Transmit Offset is selected {page 23}.

Indicates Tone Alert is ON {page 86}. When using Tone Alert, blinks after receipt of a signal. Also blinks while

Menu A, Tone Alert Alarm Tone is selected {page 23}.

REV/- r.:^ilk

O it ó Q O O:

U $I,U Q U,U:

nii / APÓ

DIM

------

' PAG

,«-«BEEP DTSS

nil

OVER

^ W M^TEP TONE 3:LI«S.fWTOT CTCss

Indicates the selected memory channel is locked-out {page 58}.

Blinks while accessing Menu A {page 23}. Remains ON while accessing Menu B {page 24}.

® DIM

Blinks when selecting the level of Display illumination in Menu A, Display Brightness {page 23}.

This indicator is not currently used.

LOCK: +V +U : LOW MID! REV/

--------------------

r«

Wm O O O O Wi

DUP.ij

ItldO.Cl.O OMB

CO !

Ufcy»lM IslIkIM

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ llll ElZi 'V P ^TEP TON E

SARF

1 3 5 7 9 OVER EUD ;!.l« £ff«TOT CTCSS

+/.^ O Q O O O O O:

.{mm Apo

★ DIM PAG

-¿ii-BEEP DTSS

DUP

Indicates Full Duplex mode is ON {page 91}. Blinks while accessing Menu A, Full Duplex {page 23}.

®CO Indicates Carrier-operated Scan Resume is ON

{page 57}. When not visible, Time-operated Scan Resume is in effect. Blinks while accessing Menu A, Scan Resume {page 23}.

Indicates S-meter squelch is ON {page 29}. Blinks while accessing Menu A, S-meter Squelch {page 23}.

® liilkUi Indicates the squelch is open due to a receive signal or

noise that is greater in strength than the noise squelch

threshold level {page 28}. Also appears when the noise

squelch is set to minimum by turning the SQL control

fully counterclockwise. If using either CTCSS or DTSS,

indicates the squelch is open due to a received signal that contains a CTCSS tone or DTSS code that matches the tone or code programmed in your transceiver.

® ISSOXlO uM

n tip

Displays the transmit/receive frequency, frequency step {page 35}, and Tone frequency {page 52}. Also displays the available selections when using Menu Set-up {page 22}. The decimal point blinks while the transceiver is scanning {page 59}.

In Receive, acts as an S-meter to indicate the signal strength of received signals. In Transmit, acts as an RF power meter to indicate the relative transmit output power {page 37}. Full scale represents High transmit power.

Indicates the transceiver is in Transmit mode with a transmit frequency that is within the transmit band.

:0 O ':

Displays the currently selected memory channel number {page 41} or Menu B number {page 24}. The dots beside the memory channel numbers are used only by the ME-1 Expansion Unit. The right dot appears when the 100s digit of the channel number is 1 (memory channels 100-199). The left dot appears when the 100s digit of the channel number is 2 (memory channel 200).

Indicates the Time-out Timer is ON {page 38}. Blinks

while accessing Menu A, Time-Out Timer {page 23}.

® STEP

Blinks while accessing Menu A, Frequency Step {page 23}.

@ BEEP

Blinks while accessing Menu A, Confirmation Beep {page 23}.

Acts as a Sub-display to show receive frequency. Tone frequency, etc.

LOCKiJfV+u’rLOw 'WDi REV/-- 0

DUP CO / UM»T isiiiaM I

---

------------------------------

n 'U O O U'nip

SARF

y tf.tf V !J^U:

II iJsTEP TONE

..-—-—-BEEP DTSS

ER ESo

:Lh LUtot

^.\ssm APo-

Hw DIM PAG

ctcss

Indicates Automatic Power Off is ON {page 63}. Blinks while accessing Menu A, Automatic Power Off (page 23}.

@ PAG

Indicates Page is ON (page 79}.

@ DTSS

Indicates the Dual Tone Squelch System is ON (page 75}.

@TONE

Indicates the subaudible Tone encoder is ON {page 52}.

(i) CTCSS

Indicates the Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System is ON when the CTCSS option (TSU-8) is installed {page 74}.

MENU SET-UP

MENU DESCRIPTION

Many functions on this transceiver are selected or configured via software-controlled menus instead of physical controls on the transceiver. Once familiar with the Menu system, you will appreciate the versatility it offers. No longer is the number and complexity of features restricted by the physical size of transceiver.

The Menus are identified as Menu A and Menu B.

Menu A is used to access functions that are frequently changed while Menu B is used for less frequently changed functions.

MENU A ACCESS

Anytime that you want to change a function that is controlled by Menu A, use the following procedure:

1 Press [F] (1 s) to enter Menu A.

• "MENU" begins blinking and the menu selected last

appears.

2 Select the desired menu function by pressing either

[MR] or [VFO].

• Press [VFO] to cycle through functions in a downward direction on the chart.

• Press [MR] to cycle through functions in an upward direction on the chart.

Microphone [MR] or [VFO] may be used if more

convenient.

Select the desired menu selection by turning the Tuning control or by pressing microphone [UP] or

[OWN].

When selecting from a group of numeric menu

selections, turning the Tuning control clockwise or

pressing microphone [UP] selects in ascending order, and turning the Tuning control counterclockwise or pressing microphone [OWN] selects in descending order.

4 After selecting the desired menu selection, press

[SHIFT] or [TONE/CTCSS] or [REV] or [DTSS] to exit Menu A.

Note: The Automatic Power Off timer stops counting while you are in Menu Set-up.

MENU A CONFIGURATION

Label

DIM Display Brightness

BEEP STEP

TOT

APO Automatic Power Off

DUP

CO Scan Resume

S.SQL S-meter Squelch

+ —

^ TM-251A (U.S.A. and Canada): 5 kHz 2 TM-251A/E: 600 kHz. TM-451A: 5 MHz, TM-451E; 1.6 MHz ^ Only on Main Band of TM-251A/E with expanded receive coverage outside the Amateur bands.

• 5 illumination levels (d1: brightest) Confirmation Beep Frequency Step Size

Time-Out Timer OFF/3/5/10/20/30

Full Duplex

Transmit Offset (Shift) Tone Alert Alarm Tone Bel1/Bel2/Bel3

Display Mode during CTCSS, DTSS, or Page

AM/FM Mode^

Description

Selections

OFF/d4/d3/d2/d1 d2

OFF/ON

12.5kHz/25kHz/5kHz/ 10kHz/15kHz/20kHz

minutes

OFF/60/120/180

minutes

OFF/ON

TO/CO

OFF/ON

d, 5 kHz to 40 MHz

OFF/Sub1/Sub2

A/F

TM-251A/E: 12.5 kHz’ TM-451A/E: 25 kHz

FM (AM: 118 to 136 MHz)

Default

OFF

TO 57

OFF

Bell 87

OFF

Page

64 35

29 50

65 31

+ 100 hidden pages